342:. The outbreak was most prominent in New Orleans, but quickly spread to other cities because of the new rail lines moving out of New Orleans. This deadly disease also spread by means of steamboats traveling up the Mississippi River from New Orleans. After making its way up the River, yellow fever made its way into the Memphis area because of the city's proximity to the Mississippi River. When the Mayor of Greenville, Mississippi died from the fever, people made the railroad the culprit for bringing this evil disease into their town. Once the disease hit Memphis, the Memphis and Charleston Railroad enabled it to travel into smaller towns throughout Tennessee. The epidemic that resulted from the railway transmission became so bad that the trains on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad became the transportation for supplies to cure the many that were affected. Areas surrounding Memphis became very worried that the disease would infect their small towns and grew wary of the railway, leaving it with a bad reputation.
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industrial companies that managed to survive the southern depression after the war. Many new rail lines traveling north were added to the original railroad. Prior to the Civil War, The
Memphis and Charleston Railroad did not connect with any northern rails because the leaders of the railroad feared northern capitalists as the tensions between the north and the south grew. However, in the 1910s, the connections to the northern rails helped to promote the southern economy and encouraged northerners to go south for vacation.
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marking an important milestone for the railroad industry. This celebration was called "The
Marriage of the Waters". Water was brought from the Atlantic Ocean and was then poured into the Mississippi River as a symbol of completion. President of the Railroad, Samuel Tate, was praised for his grand accomplishment as many investors felt assured that their money was safe.
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railroads to help with the growing industries, one being the
Memphis and Charleston Railroad. The State's Republican government also helped with the promotion of local railroad construction. Advertisements were taken out in the local Memphis paper in 1886, asking for men who would be paid $ 1.75 per day, to be depot switchmen.
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way across the state into
Washington County in less than 37 hours, and for the fee of $ 26.25 (~$ 829.00 in 2023). All of the information, including times and prices, were posted in the newspapers to not only advertise the railroad, but also so show the rapid transformation over a short period of time.
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progressed, so did the technology and speed of the trains. The
Memphis and Charleston Railroad continued to purchase new trains because they wanted to stay at the forefront of innovation. In an 1882 Memphis newspaper, the Memphis and Charleston Railroad advertised that the train could make it all the
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In the decade leading up to the Civil War, Memphis’ vibrant cotton market made it the fastest growing city in the U.S. The war itself could not even affect the city's continued growth. After confronting a recession as most southern cities experienced after the war, there was a rapid expansion of
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laws that were in place in the late 1800s. Mr. Robinson, who was white, pressed charges and won the case in which the railroad company had to pay the $ 500 U.S. discrimination penalty charges. This led to the passing of the Civil Rights Act in
Congress, which gave not only equal access to railcars,
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The location of the railroad station in
Memphis followed the familiar design of placing main railroad hubs and stations as close to the waterfront as possible for the convenience of shipping goods and transporting passengers. The steam boats brought people and freight up from the most southern point
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Construction of the rail line still persisted during the Civil War because the owners of the railroad wanted to serve the
Confederate Army. The plan was to allow the Confederates to use the railroad for free, however, it was not sustainable, and so the Confederate Army paid almost all the railroads
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In May 1857, more than 30,000 southerners gathered to celebrate the completion of the first railroad connecting the
Atlantic Coast to Memphis, and to witness its first full journey which would lead to prosperity. When the passengers arrived late at night, they were greeted by music and ceremonies,
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One way in which the railroad connected the entire state of
Tennessee was the state law that required railroads "provide, at or near every town containing as many as three hundred inhabitance, a waiting room for the use and accommodations of passengers." Memphis, being on the westernmost border of
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The southerners thought that the "iron horse" would enrich the farmers and well-being of everyone between Charleston and Memphis. In 1852, the local Memphis paper advertised that they needed to hire 50 "able-bodied Negros" every month in order to compete the rail line. By 1853, forty miles were in
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Although the west failed to develop industrially, the Memphis and Charleston railroad, which now operated under a different name, still continued to make an impact in the southern economy. In the 1910s and 1920s, the Memphis and Charleston railroad continued to be used as a major resource for the
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Not only was the railroad a result of the economic growth, it led to further expansion in the second half of the nineteenth century as industrial firms moved into Memphis to take advantage the city's central geographic location and railroad system which helped make Memphis a major hub for
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case, "Robinson and Wife vs. Memphis and Charleston Railroad Co." Mr. Robinson's wife, who was an African American, was denied entry into the first-class car owned by the Memphis and Charleston Railroad Company. This was due to the common
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but also equal access in public facilities like theaters and hotels. The Jim Crow laws became more apparent in the mid 1880s, when railroad companies admitted that they were trying to move their non-white passengers into a certain car.
799:"Supreme Court of the United States. The United States v. Murray Stanley. Same v. Michael Ryan. Same v. Samuel Nichols. Same v. Samuel D. Singleton. Robinson v. Memphis and Charleston Railroad Co".
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in New Orleans, and then the Memphis and Charleston Railroad was able to move them laterally, eventually connecting the Mississippi River with the port of Charleston.
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In many instances, it was the larger cities and towns, with higher populations, that received superior service and rail line access, as well higher quality trains.
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At the time that this railroad was chartered, Memphis was still a small and rural town, with its only advantage being its connection to the Mississippi River.
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In the 1890s the south experienced a rapid consolidation of fragmented railroads, and in 1894, the Memphis and Charleston Railroad became part of the
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distribution in the south. The city underwent a major population growth as well, having less than 1,800 citizens in 1840, to 20,000 in 1858.
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the state, helped to provide rail access to the very small cities and towns located all along the southern border of the state.
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History of the City of Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee: With Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Citizens
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operation, and the city of Memphis felt the zeitgeist of the railroads production which opened their eyes to greater railroad ventures.
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follows the original Memphis and Charleston. US 72 follows the route again from Huntsville to Stevenson, Alabama. A branch line from
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was originally to be part of the LaGrange and Memphis Railroad, chartered in 1838. From Stevenson, the road was connected to
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860:"Law, Society, Identity, and the Making of the Jim Crow South: Travel and Segregation on Tennessee Railroads, 1875-1905"
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Harper's Encyclopædia of United States History from 458 A.D. to 1905: Based Upon the Plan of Benson John Lossing ...
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broke out in 1861, this railroad became of strategic importance as the only east–west railroad running through the
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Wrenn, Lynette B. (November 4, 1988). "Commission Government in the Gilded Age: The Memphis Plan".
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roughly follows the original route of the Memphis and Charleston between Memphis, Tennessee and
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was accessed by the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad at Tullahoma. The N&C became the
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Huffard, R. Scott (Feb 2013). "Infected Rails: Yellow Fever and Southern Railroads".
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in the south with Confederate bonds, which were deemed worthless after the War.
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654:. North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 18–19.
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captured Huntsville, cutting off this railroad's use for the Confederacy.
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Share of the Memphis and Charleston Rail Road Company, issued 18 July 1892
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Hard Times: The Civil War in Huntsville and North Alabama, 1861-1865
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535:"Mocavo and Findmypast are coming together | findmypast.com"
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Passage to Union: How the Railroads Transformed American Life
617:"'Dig' isn't so big; wedding of waters was vast 1857 gala".
432:, now part of the CSX. The Sparta branch is operated by the
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The Darkest Days of the War The Battles of Iuka&Corinth
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Robinson and Wife vs. Memphis and Charleston Railroad Co.
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After the Civil War, the railroad was involved in the
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168:. Chartered in 1846, the 311 miles (501 km)
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692:Memphis Public Library & Information Center
388:The route is still in use today as part of the
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945:Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture
935:Confederate Railroads: Memphis and Charleston
759:Memphis Public Library and Information Center
619:Memphis Public Library and Information Center
584:Memphis Public Library and Information Center
569:Memphis Public Library and Information Center
554:Memphis Public Library and Information Center
412:. From Muscle Shoals to Huntsville, Alabama
226:, the first railroad to be built west of the
426:Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway
338:In 1878, there was a fatal outbreak of
991:Predecessors of the Southern Railway (U.S.)
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981:Economic history of the American Civil War
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1021:American companies disestablished in 1896
488:Harper & brothers. 1906. p. 526.
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216:Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad
214:, the railroad followed the route of the
1006:5 ft gauge railways in the United States
1001:Railway companies disestablished in 1896
986:Florence–Muscle Shoals metropolitan area
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1016:American companies established in 1846
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505:. D. Mason & Company. p. 276.
384:The Memphis and Charleston Route Today
996:Railway companies established in 1846
976:Companies based in Memphis, Tennessee
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273:. On the morning of April 11, 1862,
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634:The Southern Railway System Magazine
606:. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. p. 209.
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595:
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517:"Memphis & Charleston Railroad"
364:Consolidation with Southern Railway
284:The railroad and its route through
152:, completed in 1857, was the first
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876:10.1111/j.1747-4469.1999.tb00134.x
208:Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad
198:. The portion between Memphis and
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907:"Memphis and Charleston Railroad"
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466:"The Days They Changed the Gauge"
430:Louisville and Nashville Railroad
1011:1846 establishments in Tennessee
858:Mack, Kenneth W. (Spring 1999).
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288:was a significant factor in the
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940:Memphis and Charleston Railroad
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774:The Journal of Southern History
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434:Caney Fork and Western Railroad
428:, then in 1957 merged into the
150:Memphis and Charleston Railroad
17:Memphis and Charleston Railroad
732:Harkins, John E (2017-10-08).
707:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
632:"The Marriage of the Waters".
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971:Defunct Mississippi railroads
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911:tennesseeencyclopedia.net/
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961:Defunct Alabama railroads
807:(12): 790–807. Dec 1883.
801:The American Law Register
602:Gordon, Sarah H. (1996).
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864:Law & Social Inquiry
835:"The Civil Rights Cases"
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321:2-6-0 locomotive No. 201
279:Ormsby MacKnight Mitchel
102:4 ft 9 in
690:"125 Years Ago: 1886".
650:Cozzens, Peter (1997).
300:Post American Civil War
738:Tennessee Encyclopedia
410:Muscle Shoals, Alabama
322:
277:troops led by General
261:The American Civil War
204:Chattanooga, Tennessee
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66:Southern United States
942:– entry in the
521:www.csa-railroads.com
392:line running between
334:Yellow Fever outbreak
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228:Appalachian Mountains
190:through the towns of
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470:southern.railfan.net
418:Tullahoma, Tennessee
372:System organized by
286:Corinth, Mississippi
192:Corinth, Mississippi
37:Memphis Yard in 1885
200:LaGrange, Tennessee
196:Huntsville, Alabama
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539:www.findmypast.com
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188:Stevenson, Alabama
184:Memphis, Tennessee
182:railroad ran from
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72:Dates of operation
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905:Brandt, William.
661:978-0-8078-5783-0
582:"125 Years Ago".
567:"125 Years Ago".
552:"125 Years Ago".
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166:Mississippi River
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160:to link the
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48:Headquarters
398:Chattanooga
374:J.P. Morgan
271:Confederacy
96:Track gauge
955:Categories
844:2019-03-12
743:2019-03-20
452:References
414:Alt. US 72
327:Gilded Age
892:141748705
734:"Memphis"
402:Tennessee
305:Expansion
292:in 1862.
267:Civil War
265:When the
220:Tuscumbia
171:5 ft
164:with the
119:5 ft
90:Technical
80:Successor
56:Tennessee
786:23795404
719:42626750
440:See also
357:Jim Crow
218:between
206:via the
154:railroad
43:Overview
821:3304580
761:. 1882.
694:. 1886.
394:Memphis
325:As the
237:History
224:Decatur
212:Alabama
156:in the
52:Memphis
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884:829102
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636:: 1–4.
131:Length
62:Locale
888:S2CID
880:JSTOR
817:JSTOR
782:JSTOR
715:JSTOR
406:US 72
275:Union
210:. In
180:gauge
918:2019
656:ISBN
396:and
222:and
194:and
148:The
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