1724:, as opposed to an "associate member" country under Article 5. It also stated that a footnote describing the status of Kosovo would no longer be required to be used within the work of the council and its associated bodies. The Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy agreed to accept the recommendation with 31 delegates voting in favour, four against and one abstention. On 15 April 2024, the Committee on Equality and Non-Discrimination supported Kosovo's application and the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights confirmed that Kosovo met the legal definition of "European State" as defined by article 4 of the Statute of the Council of Europe and meets the criteria of statehood under international law. The following day, on 16 April 2024, the Parliamentary Assembly voted in favour of Kosovo's membership, with 131 votes in favour, 29 against and 11 abstentions. The final decision on membership is to be made by the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers at a later date.
1471:
1412:
587:
1270:
1440:
19:
157:
1543:
912:
321:
1130:
131:
687:
1733:
1356:
1241:
712:
183:
862:
1596:. A second change of the Belarus constitution in October 2004, moreover "does not respect minimum democratic standards and violates the principles of separation of powers and the rule of law". In June 2009, PACE decided that the suspension of the Belarusian parliament's special guest status in the Assembly would only be lifted conditional of the government imposing a moratorium on the death penalty. As of May 2013, this condition had not been met.
887:
812:
946:
637:
737:
1212:
1160:
1105:
1055:
1005:
762:
437:
347:
1186:
1080:
980:
837:
537:
209:
1333:
1295:
1030:
562:
462:
399:
269:
612:
487:
295:
787:
1503:
243:
373:
662:
1536:. Russia announced that it would no longer participate in the organisation on 10 March 2022. On 15 March 2022, Russia launched a withdrawal procedure from the Council, delivering its formal notification to withdraw effective 31 December 2022. On 16 March 2022, the Committee of Ministers decided to expel Russia with immediate effect.
1990:
Since 1994, parliaments of the countries bordering the
Council of Europe member states have the possibility of concluding special co-operation agreements with the Assembly, but it has not generated much interest among the parliaments concerned, which suggests that it does not offer sufficient clarity
1998:
In
November 2006, the Kazakhstan Parliament officially asked to be granted observer status with the Assembly. Such formal or informal requests are made by a number of parliaments that are already co-operating with it but think that the institutionalised recognition of that co-operation could make it
1567:
was established in 1989, as a provisional status in the accession process for parliaments of
European non-member states, which applied for membership in the Council of Europe. The aim of the special guest status is to foster closer relations with the national parliaments of the European non-member
1714:
was now open. On 24 April 2023, the
Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe approved Kosovo's application for membership with 33 votes in favour, 7 against and 5 abstentions, allowing the application to progress to the Parliamentary Assembly. Dora Bakoyannis of Greece was appointed as
1579:
applied for full membership on 12 March 1993, and its parliament held special guest status with the
Parliamentary Assembly from September 1992 to January 1997. The special guest status was however suspended as a consequence of the November 1996 constitutional referendum upholding the
1639:
In
December 2013, a Joint Declaration on enhancing co-operation between Kazakhstan and the Council of Europe in 2014–15, was signed with the purpose of paving the way for Kazakhstan's accession to the Council of Europe's multiple conventions in the field of criminal justice.
1719:
at a meeting of the
Committee on Political Affairs and Democracy of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe on 27 March 2024. The opinion recommended that Kosovo be admitted as a "member" state of the council under Article 4 of its
2003:
is considered inappropriate in these cases, as it requires that the state receiving it already complies with the CoE core values and principles, which is not the case for the states currently requesting it, who are in the early stages of
1611:
in 1999. The
Assembly found that Kazakhstan could apply for full membership, because 4% of its territory, west of the Ural river, is located in Europe, but granting Special Guest status would require improvements in the fields of
2186:
On 5 May 1949, at St James's Palace, London, the
Foreign Ministers of Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty establishing the Council of
1631:
on 24 February 2010. On 15 to 16 March 2010, the
President of the Council of Europe's Parliamentary Assembly (PACE) made an official visit to Kazakhstan, resulting in the conclusion that the Council of Europe and Kazakhstan
3370:
3058:"#Kosovo PM, @albinkurti says the country's road to become a member of @coe is now open after the #Ohrid Agreement with #Serbia. This after meeting all the ambassadors accredited in Prishtina. https://t.co/TzJDjTqNPC"
1792:
has never applied for Council of Europe membership, choosing to become an observer instead. However, there have been calls for it to apply to become a contracting party to the European Convention on Human Rights.
2805:
1885:. The Parliamentary Assembly has been lobbying for the United States and Japan to abolish the death penalty or lose their observer status. The Council also voted to restore Special Guest status to
3092:
2016:
1901:
established a new status for institutional co-operation with parliaments of non-member states in neighbouring regions wishing to be supported by the Parliamentary Assembly in their
2562:
1707:
2938:
2592:
2011:
The newly established "Partner for democracy" status is similar to the co-operation initiatives of other intergovernmental organisations of mostly European states such as the
3378:
2532:
1627:
with the Assembly, which however was never granted due to requiring a pre compliance with all CoE core values and principles. The country acceded to the Council of Europe's
3119:
80:
3446:
1987:. Several of these parliaments have expressed interest in upgrading the status of the existing co-operation, and in establishing a relationship on a permanent basis.
3469:
2993:
3217:
2447:
2897:
2389:
2757:
1908:
The new status is called "Partner for democracy" and interested states could obtain it if they commit to embrace the values of the Council of Europe such as
2657:
2173:
3149:
2962:
2097:
2631:
2020:
2679:
3587:
3229:
3182:
3582:
3256:
1568:
states, by enabling the parliament concerned to be represented in, and work with, the Assembly, especially in determining the accession conditions.
3943:
3938:
3562:
3557:
2920:"DELEGACIONI I ASOCIACIONIT TË KOMUNAVE PO PËRFAQËSON KOSOVËN NË PUNIMET e KONGRESIT TË KËSHILLIT TË EVROPËS – Asociacioni i Komunave të Kosovës"
1963:. Following this policy the Assembly has already established working contacts with parliaments of neighbouring countries other than those of the
1898:
1851:
1665:
1564:
1529:
2806:"Neighbourhood Co-operation Priorities for Kazakhstan 2014–2015: Co-operation activities on Council of Europe's conventions in criminal matters"
3886:
3300:
2779:
2867:
1937:
3429:
3088:
1636:. This milestone emboldens Kazakhstan's "Path to Europe" programme, as outlined by Kazakh president Nursultan Nazarbayev in Astana in 2008.
3289:
3529:
2554:
1706:. On 20 March 2023, Kosovar prime minister Albin Kurti said during a meeting with foreign diplomats in Pristina, that as a result of the
79:
specifies that membership is open to any European country, provided they meet specific democratic and human rights standards. Nearly all
2955:"Current political questions - Document distributed at the request of the Chair of the Ministers' Deputies [Anglais uniquement]"
3552:
1835:
and all intergovernmental committees. They may contribute financially to the activities of the Council of Europe on a voluntary basis.
1669:
2731:
3408:
2932:
2584:
1148:
Until 12 February 2019 called Republic of Macedonia, officially referred to as "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" due to a
2528:
1608:
3195:
3115:
2480:
100:
3170:
2472:
1584:, and parliament by-elections which the CoE found to be undemocratic, as well as enforced limits on democratic freedoms such as
3206:
1716:
1653:
3218:
https://pace.coe.int/en/news/9410/pace-committee-recommends-that-kosovo-be-invited-to-become-a-member-of-the-council-of-europe
3486:"Res. 2086 - Request for partner for democracy status with the Parliamentary Assembly submitted by the Parliament of Jordan"
2728:"Council of Europe - Committee of Ministers - 1074 Meeting, 13 January 2010 – 7.4 European Cultural Convention (ETS No. 18)"
1668:
and its committees as an observer in 2016. Two representatives of local government in Kosovo participate in the work of the
2503:"Continuation by the Republic of Serbia of membership of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro in the Council of Europe"
1679:
1444:
1322:
965:
931:
3344:
2705:
3635:
3322:
1260:
3463:
2985:
2418:
2296:
1649:
2819:
2443:
2357:
2235:
1495:
in June 2006. Serbia was declared to continue the former union's seat on 14 June 2006; Montenegro joined 11 May 2007.
3567:
3230:"Kosova një hap më pranë KiE, reagon Presidentja Osmani: Do të vijojmë punën me aleatët deri në anëtarësimin e plotë"
3183:"Kosova një hap më pranë KiE, reagon Presidentja Osmani: Do të vijojmë punën me aleatët deri në anëtarësimin e plotë"
2627:
2267:
3243:
2889:
2385:
2328:
2206:
3625:
1721:
1231:
76:
3450:
3257:
https://pace.coe.int/pdf/c904f0204d10e0b781cf690f821e535322701ac874de3cb5ff939a6d1556caa9/doc.%2015937%20prov1.pdf
2753:
3907:
3700:
3522:
2653:
2169:
2083:
1984:
1863:
1854:
and their delegations can participate in Assembly sessions and committee meetings. A deligation representing the
1525:
426:
3141:
2954:
3572:
1866:
may participate in Assembly debates concerning the Middle East as well as Turkish-Cypriot representatives from
1703:
3432:: "In June this year, the Parliament of Morocco became the first to be granted the new status" (archived from
3577:
2683:
2027:
2012:
1460:
969:
935:
2820:"Joint Declaration on enhancing cooperation between Kazakhstan and the Council of Europe signed in Brussels"
3301:
https://balkaninsight.com/2024/04/16/vote-puts-kosovo-one-step-from-accession-to-europes-chief-rights-body/
2506:
2136:
1628:
235:, but some Council of Europe conventions which Denmark participates in do not apply to these territories.
2043:
1533:
1463:
on 31 December 1992; successor states Czech Republic and Slovakia rejoined the Council on 30 June 1993.
3515:
3290:
https://pace.coe.int/en/news/9424/pace-recommends-that-kosovo-becomes-a-member-of-the-council-of-europe
3430:
PACE grants 'Partner for democracy' status to the Palestinian National Council, Strasbourg, 04.10.2011
1687:
2783:
1492:
1149:
2859:
1929:
3645:
3196:
https://balkaninsight.com/2024/03/25/council-of-europe-rapporteur-backs-kosovos-membership-bid/
1960:
1832:
1275:
425:. After the fall of the junta, Greece re-joined the Council of Europe on 28 November 1974. See
513:
became associate members in 1950. The Federal Republic became a full member in 1951. The Saar
3917:
3171:
https://rm.coe.int/draft-agenda-of-the-meeting-to-be-hel-in-paris-on-27-march-2024/1680aedfe0
2005:
1992:
1902:
1806:
1585:
1475:
1470:
1375:
1314:
518:
3207:
https://rm.coe.int/application-by-kosovo-for-membership-of-the-council-of-europe-/1680af1575
1686:
was planned to be filed within the first quarter of 2015. On May 12, 2022, Foreign Minister
3061:
1921:
1593:
526:
2845:
2727:
8:
3715:
3400:
3057:
1909:
352:
2126:
As of 2024 the following parliaments have been accorded "Partner for democracy" status:
2030:
eligible to request a "Partner for democracy" status are from the following countries:
1855:
1690:
submitted the application for membership at a meeting with the Council's leadership in
1661:
1318:
1317:. After Montenegrin independence in 2006, the Committee of Ministers declared that the
722:
3912:
3690:
3592:
3538:
3485:
3038:
2476:
1947:
CoE has adopted the policy of dialogue with the neighbouring regions of the southern
1711:
1683:
1657:
1416:
1191:
510:
45:
2585:"COE Press release: "The Russian Federation is excluded from the Council of Europe""
3089:"Kosovo successfully passes the first phase of membership in the Council of Europe"
3028:
2628:"Establishment of a "Partner for democracy" status with the Parliamentary Assembly"
1802:
1589:
1547:
1015:
1710:, approved by Kosovo and Serbia two days earlier, the road for Kosovo to join the
3770:
3473:
2942:
1867:
1135:
193:
18:
1675:
1542:
3902:
3840:
3665:
3597:
3348:
2919:
2697:
1439:
917:
326:
3312:
3033:
3016:
2431:
Germany became the 14th member State of the Council of Europe on 13 July 1950.
2370:
Turkey became the 13th member State of the Council of Europe on 13 April 1950.
2309:
Iceland became the 12th member State of the Council of Europe on 7 March 1950.
2248:
Greece became the 11th member State of the Council of Europe on 9 August 1949.
1620:. Kazakhstan signed a co-operation agreement with the Assembly in April 2004.
1421:
3932:
3881:
3730:
3042:
2502:
2035:
1948:
1925:
1882:
1878:
1824:
1581:
1065:
692:
228:
2823:
2414:
2292:
48:
was founded on 5 May 1949 by ten western and northern European states, with
3278:
3267:
2353:
2231:
2113:
2093:
1956:
1917:
1831:
have observer status with the Council of Europe and can participate in the
1828:
1789:
1777: Observer at the Committee of Ministers and the Parliamentary Assembly
1623:
In November 2006, the Kazakhstan Parliament officially asked to be granted
1617:
522:
506:
96:
65:
61:
2263:
447:
3825:
3765:
2324:
2202:
2039:
1952:
1941:
1913:
592:
514:
422:
136:
1889:, on condition that Belarus declares a moratorium on the death penalty.
1732:
3795:
3760:
3740:
2142:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2047:
1972:
1691:
1604:
1361:
1246:
956:
717:
418:
219:
188:
88:
69:
2698:"Situation in Kazakhstan and its Relations with the Council of Europe"
1858:
has also been invited to participate the Parliamentary Assembly on an
3735:
3317:
2754:"PACE President in favour of strengthening relations with Kazakhstan"
1613:
1366:
990:
897:
867:
305:
232:
141:
3507:
3464:
PACE discusses situation in Ukraine, reconsiders Russian credentials
1682:, stated in December 2014 that an application for membership of the
3861:
3810:
3805:
3785:
3650:
2986:"Kosovo Applies For Council Of Europe In Move Sure To Anger Serbia"
1480:
1305:
1280:
951:
892:
817:
772:
747:
642:
622:
167:
3447:"2011 ORDINARY SESSION, Thirtieth sitting, Tuesday 4 October 2011"
3142:"1464bis meeting, 24 April 2023 | 2.4. Application for membership"
2680:"Secretary general hopes that Belarus will join Council of Europe"
3835:
3790:
3750:
3710:
3705:
3695:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3655:
3640:
3630:
3620:
3615:
3073:
2130:
2079:
2059:
2055:
2051:
1980:
1976:
1968:
1905:
and to participate in the political debate on common challenges.
1886:
1576:
1551:
1532:
and in the Parliamentary Assembly on 25 February 2022 due to the
1222:
1217:
1197:
1165:
1110:
1085:
1060:
1010:
985:
872:
847:
842:
767:
742:
572:
542:
492:
442:
214:
162:
84:
53:
3490:
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Official Website
2890:"The situation in Kosovo* and the role of the Council of Europe"
417:
Withdrew from Council membership on 12 December 1969 due to the
3876:
3866:
3856:
3830:
3820:
3800:
3780:
3775:
3755:
3725:
3685:
3660:
2555:"Russia will no longer participate in Council of Europe - TASS"
2148:
2071:
2067:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1820:
1812:
1695:
1513:
1508:
1449:
1338:
1300:
1170:
1140:
1090:
1035:
922:
797:
792:
672:
647:
567:
547:
497:
472:
467:
409:
404:
357:
331:
300:
274:
248:
92:
57:
49:
3313:"Catholic women urge Vatican to sign Europe rights convention"
2780:"STATE PROGRAMME - 'PATH TO EUROPE - 2009-2011' - ASTANA 2008"
2654:"Belarus: a referendum under a 'hardening dictatorial regime'"
2529:"Council of Europe suspends Russia's rights of representation"
529:
in 1990. East Germany had never been a member of the Council.
3871:
3815:
3745:
3720:
2087:
2075:
2063:
1874:
1816:
822:
697:
667:
617:
378:
253:
83:
are members of the Council of Europe, with the exceptions of
3371:"Council of Europe body gives Palestinians 'partner' status"
1999:
more visible, more coherent and more effective. However the
1873:
There has been criticism concerning the observer status of
1251:
1115:
1040:
597:
383:
279:
3116:"Kosovo Passes First Step to Council of Europe Membership"
1924:; to encourage a moratorium on executions and abolish the
1554:
to commemorate Armenia's accession to the Council in 2001.
2704:. Parliamentary Assembly Council of Europe. 7 July 2006.
2630:. Parliamentary Assembly Council of Europe. 14 May 2009.
2386:"Federal Republic of Germany joins the Council of Europe"
2933:
Kosovo applies to become EC member within three months
2170:"Statute of the Council of Europe is signed in London"
2090:(Libya is observer of the Union for the Mediterranean)
3244:"Kosovo Edges Closer to Council of Europe Membership"
2122:
other states if the Bureau of the Assembly so decides
1528:. Suspended from its rights of representation in the
22:
Council of Europe member states as of 16 March 2022.
2984:Bailu, Doruntina; Cvetkovic, Sandra (12 May 2022).
1936:; to utilise the expertise of the Assembly and the
3017:"Kosovo's Quest for Council of Europe Membership"
3930:
2702:Document 11007: II General information, point 11
2682:. Freeales.fidh.net. 22 May 2013. Archived from
2577:
1432:Saarland joined West Germany on 1 January 1957.
1666:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
3345:"Europarådet kan frånta USA observatörsstatus"
2983:
1801:Observer status was designed for non-European
1607:applied for the Special Guest status with the
1374:Previously a member of the Council as part of
964:Previously a member of the Council as part of
930:Previously a member of the Council as part of
3523:
2846:"Venice Commission :: Council of Europe"
2822:. Kazinform. 20 December 2013. Archived from
1771: Observer at the Committee of Ministers
1765: Observer at the Parliamentary Assembly
1664:was invited to take part in the work of the
1321:would continue the membership of the former
3530:
3516:
1670:Congress of Local and Regional Authorities
3588:Commission against Racism and Intolerance
3032:
1715:Rapporteur for Kosovo. Bakoyannis gave a
1182:
525:became part of the Federal Republic upon
517:to the Federal Republic in 1957, and the
3583:Commission for the Efficiency of Justice
3279:https://pace.coe.int/en/files/33437/html
3268:https://pace.coe.int/en/files/33438/html
1731:
1592:) under the administration of President
1541:
17:
3944:Countries by international organization
3021:Review of Central and East European Law
3014:
2467:
2465:
3939:Member states of the Council of Europe
3931:
2760:from the original on 26 September 2012
2622:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
1995:had taken advantage of it since 2004.
3537:
3511:
3055:
2808:. Council of Europe. 9 December 2013.
2746:
2535:from the original on 25 February 2022
2409:
2407:
2348:
2346:
2287:
2285:
2226:
2224:
64:joining the next year. It now has 46
3325:from the original on 29 January 2022
3113:
2900:from the original on 14 October 2022
2870:from the original on 11 October 2022
2462:
2380:
2378:
2319:
2317:
2258:
2256:
2197:
2195:
1680:Kosovo's Minister of Foreign Affairs
1323:State Union of Serbia and Montenegro
3411:from the original on 5 October 2011
2607:
2509:from the original on 7 January 2019
2505:. Council of Europe. 14 June 2006.
2483:from the original on 7 January 2019
2021:co-operation with non-member states
1261:Azerbaijan in the Council of Europe
13:
3152:from the original on 25 April 2023
3122:from the original on 24 April 2023
3095:from the original on 24 April 2023
3086:
2965:from the original on 25 April 2023
2565:from the original on 13 March 2022
2450:from the original on 31 March 2019
2404:
2343:
2282:
2221:
1796:
1650:Council of Europe Development Bank
81:countries with territory in Europe
14:
3955:
3918:Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
3114:Bami, Xhorxhina (24 April 2023).
3056:Rexha, Xhemajl (20 March 2023).
2734:from the original on 4 March 2016
2392:from the original on 23 June 2019
2375:
2331:from the original on 23 June 2019
2314:
2270:from the original on 23 June 2019
2253:
2209:from the original on 23 June 2019
2192:
2176:from the original on 23 June 2019
1933:
1881:because both countries apply the
1384:
3377:. 5 October 2011. Archived from
2996:from the original on 30 May 2022
2708:from the original on 24 May 2014
2660:from the original on 2 June 2011
2634:from the original on 23 May 2014
2595:from the original on 10 May 2022
2360:from the original on 1 June 2013
2299:from the original on 1 June 2013
2238:from the original on 1 June 2013
1991:and visibility. So far only the
1501:
1469:
1438:
1410:
1354:
1331:
1293:
1268:
1239:
1232:Armenia in the Council of Europe
1210:
1184:
1158:
1128:
1103:
1078:
1053:
1028:
1003:
978:
944:
910:
885:
860:
835:
810:
785:
760:
735:
710:
685:
660:
635:
610:
585:
560:
535:
485:
460:
435:
397:
371:
345:
319:
293:
267:
241:
207:
181:
155:
129:
52:joining three months later, and
3478:
3457:
3439:
3423:
3393:
3363:
3337:
3305:
3294:
3283:
3272:
3261:
3250:
3236:
3222:
3211:
3200:
3189:
3175:
3164:
3134:
3107:
3080:
3049:
3008:
2990:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2977:
2947:
2926:
2912:
2882:
2852:
2838:
2812:
2798:
2772:
2720:
2690:
2672:
2646:
2547:
2521:
2495:
2436:
2421:from the original on 9 May 2019
1985:Palestinian Legislative Council
1864:Palestinian Legislative Council
1862:basis. Representatives of the
1783:
1526:Russia in the Council of Europe
427:Greece in the Council of Europe
101:states with limited recognition
2162:
2000:
1964:
1850:have observer status with the
1704:European Court of Human Rights
1702:under the jurisdiction of the
1648:Kosovo became a member of the
1624:
1563:Special Guest status with the
227:Founder. Denmark includes the
33: Subsequent member states
1:
3578:Commissioner for Human Rights
3347:. Yelah. 2004. Archived from
2155:
2013:European Neighbourhood Policy
1633:
1599:
1558:
2137:Palestinian National Council
1727:
1629:European Cultural Convention
968:from 21 January 1991 to the
934:from 21 January 1991 to the
27: Founding member states
7:
2656:. Council of Europe. 2004.
2044:Union for the Mediterranean
1892:
1656:of the Council of Europe's
507:Federal Republic of Germany
10:
3960:
3903:Czechoslovakia (1991–1992)
3015:Istrefi, Kushtrim (2018).
1741: Ten founding members
1634:strengthen their relations
1571:
72:being the latest to join.
39: Former member states
3895:
3849:
3606:
3545:
3087:Si, Nen (24 April 2023).
3034:10.1163/15730352-04303002
2017:partners for co-operation
1940:in its institutional and
1932:; to become party to the
1805:willing to contribute to
1788:Despite being in Europe,
1759: Official candidates
1747: Joined subsequently
1643:
77:Council of Europe Statute
2941:20 November 2018 at the
2415:"Germany - Member state"
2293:"Iceland - Member state"
1934:relevant CoE conventions
1493:Montenegrin independence
3913:Saar (assoc. 1950–1956)
3563:Parliamentary Assembly
3558:Committee of Ministers
2354:"Turkey - Member state"
2232:"Greece - Member state"
1959:– based on respect for
1930:free and fair elections
1870:concerning the island.
1688:Donika Gërvalla-Schwarz
509:(West Germany) and the
106:
3646:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1961:universal human rights
1903:democratic transitions
1899:Parliamentary Assembly
1852:Parliamentary Assembly
1833:Committee of Ministers
1807:democratic transitions
1780:
1609:Parliamentary Assembly
1565:Parliamentary Assembly
1555:
1530:Committee of Ministers
1276:Bosnia and Herzegovina
41:
3573:Court of Human Rights
2860:"Assembly of Kosovo*"
2531:. Council of Europe.
2446:. Council of Europe.
2417:. Council of Europe.
2388:. Council of Europe.
2356:. Council of Europe.
2327:. Council of Europe.
2295:. Council of Europe.
2266:. Council of Europe.
2234:. Council of Europe.
2205:. Council of Europe.
2172:. Council of Europe.
2006:democratic transition
1993:Kazakhstan Parliament
1735:
1586:freedom of expression
1545:
1476:Serbia and Montenegro
1376:Serbia and Montenegro
1315:Serbia and Montenegro
1313:Originally joined as
972:on 31 December 1992.
938:on 31 December 1992.
423:military dictatorship
21:
3472:9 April 2014 at the
3321:. 12 December 2021.
2756:. Assembly.coe.int.
2686:on 10 November 2013.
2096:participants in the
2042:participants in the
2028:national parliaments
1922:fundamental freedoms
1753: Former members
1594:Alexander Lukashenko
970:latter's dissolution
936:latter's dissolution
1910:pluralist democracy
1838:The parliaments of
1534:invasion of Ukraine
3908:Russia (1996–2022)
3407:. 4 October 2011.
3405:The Jerusalem Post
3401:"Middle East News"
1856:Assembly of Kosovo
1781:
1662:Assembly of Kosovo
1556:
1319:Republic of Serbia
652:22 September 1976
42:
3926:
3925:
3593:Venice Commission
3553:Secretary General
3539:Council of Europe
3492:. 26 January 2016
2936:english.albeu.com
2786:on 26 August 2010
2591:. 16 March 2022.
2561:. 10 March 2022.
2477:Council of Europe
2151:- 26 January 2016
1938:Venice Commission
1897:In May 2009, the
1717:statutory opinion
1712:Council of Europe
1684:Council of Europe
1658:Venice Commission
1540:
1539:
1518:28 February 1996
1457:31 December 1992
1382:
1381:
1045:10 February 1995
1020:10 November 1994
802:26 November 1991
727:16 November 1988
702:23 November 1978
677:24 November 1977
511:Saar Protectorate
75:Article 4 of the
46:Council of Europe
3951:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3509:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3482:
3476:
3467:assembly.coe.int
3461:
3455:
3454:
3453:on 7 March 2014.
3449:. Archived from
3443:
3437:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3381:on 3 August 2020
3367:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3351:on 25 April 2018
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3309:
3303:
3298:
3292:
3287:
3281:
3276:
3270:
3265:
3259:
3254:
3248:
3247:
3246:. 27 March 2024.
3240:
3234:
3233:
3232:. 27 March 2024.
3226:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3204:
3198:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3185:. 27 March 2024.
3179:
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2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2782:. Archived from
2776:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2724:
2718:
2717:
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2306:
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2251:
2250:
2245:
2243:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2199:
2190:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2166:
2139:– 4 October 2011
1942:legislative work
1916:and respect for
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1590:Belarusian media
1507:
1505:
1504:
1491:Dissolved after
1474:
1473:
1454:21 January 1991
1443:
1442:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1389:
1388:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1256:25 January 2001
1245:
1243:
1242:
1227:25 January 2001
1216:
1214:
1213:
1194:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1175:6 November 1996
1164:
1162:
1161:
1145:9 November 1995
1134:
1132:
1131:
1120:9 November 1995
1109:
1107:
1106:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1016:Andorra la Vella
1009:
1007:
1006:
984:
982:
981:
950:
948:
947:
916:
914:
913:
891:
889:
888:
866:
864:
863:
841:
839:
838:
816:
814:
813:
791:
789:
788:
777:6 November 1990
766:
764:
763:
741:
739:
738:
716:
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691:
689:
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666:
664:
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351:
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273:
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213:
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135:
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111:
110:
38:
32:
26:
3959:
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3929:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3891:
3845:
3771:North Macedonia
3602:
3541:
3536:
3506:
3505:
3495:
3493:
3484:
3483:
3479:
3474:Wayback Machine
3462:
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3013:
3009:
2999:
2997:
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2978:
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2943:Wayback Machine
2931:
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2918:
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2913:
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2858:
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2538:
2536:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2473:"Member states"
2471:
2470:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2424:
2422:
2413:
2412:
2405:
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2344:
2334:
2332:
2323:
2322:
2315:
2302:
2300:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2264:"Iceland joins"
2262:
2261:
2254:
2241:
2239:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2212:
2210:
2201:
2200:
2193:
2179:
2177:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2015:of the EU, the
2001:observer status
1895:
1868:Northern Cyprus
1799:
1797:Other countries
1786:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1730:
1708:Ohrid Agreement
1646:
1625:observer status
1602:
1574:
1561:
1502:
1500:
1468:
1437:
1429:1 January 1957
1426:13 August 1950
1411:
1409:
1387:
1355:
1353:
1346:5 October 2004
1332:
1330:
1294:
1292:
1269:
1267:
1240:
1238:
1211:
1209:
1185:
1183:
1159:
1157:
1136:North Macedonia
1129:
1127:
1104:
1102:
1079:
1077:
1054:
1052:
1029:
1027:
1004:
1002:
995:7 October 1993
979:
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909:
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809:
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636:
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586:
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436:
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208:
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182:
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156:
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40:
36:
34:
30:
28:
24:
12:
11:
5:
3957:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3899:
3897:
3896:Former members
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3841:United Kingdom
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
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3768:
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3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3666:Czech Republic
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3612:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3598:Pompidou Group
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3512:
3504:
3503:
3477:
3456:
3438:
3434:unispal.un.org
3422:
3392:
3375:The Daily Star
3362:
3336:
3304:
3293:
3282:
3271:
3260:
3249:
3235:
3221:
3210:
3199:
3188:
3174:
3163:
3146:search.coe.int
3133:
3106:
3079:
3048:
3027:(3): 255–273.
3007:
2976:
2959:search.coe.int
2946:
2925:
2911:
2881:
2851:
2837:
2826:on 19 May 2018
2811:
2797:
2771:
2745:
2719:
2689:
2671:
2645:
2606:
2576:
2546:
2520:
2494:
2461:
2435:
2403:
2374:
2342:
2325:"Turkey joins"
2313:
2281:
2252:
2220:
2203:"Greece joins"
2191:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2146:
2145:– 8 April 2014
2140:
2134:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2091:
1928:; to organise
1894:
1891:
1798:
1795:
1785:
1782:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1729:
1726:
1672:as observers.
1652:in 2013 and a
1645:
1642:
1601:
1598:
1573:
1570:
1560:
1557:
1550:was issued in
1538:
1537:
1522:
1521:16 March 2022
1519:
1516:
1511:
1497:
1496:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1478:
1465:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1445:Czechoslovakia
1434:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1386:
1385:Former members
1383:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1327:
1326:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:24 April 2002
1283:
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1263:
1257:
1254:
1249:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1225:
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1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:27 April 1999
1200:
1195:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1154:
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1150:naming dispute
1146:
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1138:
1124:
1123:
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1113:
1099:
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1038:
1024:
1023:
1021:
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999:
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993:
988:
974:
973:
966:Czechoslovakia
962:
959:
954:
940:
939:
932:Czechoslovakia
928:
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920:
918:Czech Republic
906:
905:
903:
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895:
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695:
681:
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653:
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631:
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628:
627:29 April 1965
625:
620:
606:
605:
603:
600:
595:
581:
580:
578:
575:
570:
556:
555:
553:
552:16 April 1956
550:
545:
531:
530:
521:of the former
503:
500:
495:
481:
480:
478:
477:13 April 1950
475:
470:
456:
455:
453:
450:
445:
431:
430:
415:
414:9 August 1949
412:
407:
393:
392:
389:
386:
381:
367:
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360:
355:
341:
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337:
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327:United Kingdom
315:
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308:
303:
289:
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35:
29:
23:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3956:
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3911:
3909:
3906:
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3882:United States
3880:
3878:
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3868:
3865:
3863:
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3858:
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3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
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3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:Liechtenstein
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
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3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
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2019:of OSCE, the
2018:
2014:
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2007:
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1978:
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1966:
1965:CoE Observers
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1949:Mediterranean
1945:
1943:
1939:
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1927:
1926:death penalty
1923:
1919:
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1911:
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1879:United States
1876:
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1660:in 2014. The
1659:
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1485:3 April 2003
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1095:13 July 1995
1094:
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1070:13 July 1995
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961:30 June 1993
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528:
527:reunification
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
502:13 July 1950
501:
499:
496:
494:
483:
482:
479:
476:
474:
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452:7 March 1950
451:
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265:
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239:
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229:Faroe Islands
226:
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102:
99:, as well as
98:
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73:
71:
67:
66:member states
63:
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3887:EU relations
3607:
3546:Institutions
3494:. Retrieved
3489:
3480:
3466:
3459:
3451:the original
3441:
3433:
3425:
3415:28 September
3413:. Retrieved
3404:
3395:
3385:28 September
3383:. Retrieved
3379:the original
3374:
3365:
3353:. Retrieved
3349:the original
3339:
3327:. Retrieved
3316:
3307:
3296:
3285:
3274:
3263:
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3238:
3224:
3213:
3202:
3191:
3177:
3166:
3154:. Retrieved
3145:
3136:
3124:. Retrieved
3109:
3097:. Retrieved
3082:
3072:– via
3066:. Retrieved
3051:
3024:
3020:
3010:
2998:. Retrieved
2989:
2979:
2967:. Retrieved
2958:
2949:
2935:
2928:
2914:
2902:. Retrieved
2894:PACE website
2893:
2884:
2872:. Retrieved
2863:
2854:
2840:
2828:. Retrieved
2824:the original
2814:
2800:
2788:. Retrieved
2784:the original
2774:
2764:28 September
2762:. Retrieved
2748:
2736:. Retrieved
2722:
2710:. Retrieved
2701:
2692:
2684:the original
2674:
2662:. Retrieved
2648:
2636:. Retrieved
2597:. Retrieved
2588:
2579:
2567:. Retrieved
2558:
2549:
2537:. Retrieved
2523:
2511:. Retrieved
2497:
2485:. Retrieved
2452:. Retrieved
2438:
2430:
2423:. Retrieved
2394:. Retrieved
2369:
2362:. Retrieved
2333:. Retrieved
2308:
2301:. Retrieved
2272:. Retrieved
2247:
2240:. Retrieved
2211:. Retrieved
2185:
2178:. Retrieved
2164:
2125:
2114:Turkmenistan
2025:
2010:
1997:
1989:
1957:Central Asia
1946:
1918:human rights
1907:
1896:
1872:
1859:
1837:
1811:
1800:
1790:Vatican City
1787:
1784:Vatican City
1699:
1676:Hashim Thaçi
1674:
1647:
1638:
1622:
1618:human rights
1603:
1575:
1562:
1488:5 June 2006
1398:Date joined
1371:11 May 2007
902:14 May 1993
877:14 May 1993
852:14 May 1993
590:
577:24 May 1961
523:East Germany
120:Date joined
97:Vatican City
74:
62:West Germany
43:
15:
3826:Switzerland
3766:Netherlands
3355:22 February
3156:15 December
2969:15 December
2589:www.coe.int
2539:25 February
2487:22 December
2444:"Full list"
2133:– June 2011
2040:Middle East
1953:Middle East
1914:rule of law
1809:in Europe.
1803:democracies
1698:is already
1422:Saarbrücken
1378:from 2003.
827:7 May 1992
752:5 May 1989
602:6 May 1963
593:Switzerland
421:during the
388:5 May 1949
362:5 May 1949
336:5 May 1949
310:5 May 1949
284:5 May 1949
258:5 May 1949
224:5 May 1949
198:5 May 1949
172:5 May 1949
146:5 May 1949
137:Netherlands
3933:Categories
3796:San Marino
3761:Montenegro
3741:Luxembourg
3636:Azerbaijan
3329:29 January
2904:16 October
2874:16 October
2156:References
2143:Kyrgyzstan
2118:Uzbekistan
2110:Tajikistan
2106:Kyrgyzstan
2102:Kazakhstan
2048:Mauritania
1973:Kazakhstan
1692:Strasbourg
1605:Kazakhstan
1600:Kazakhstan
1559:Applicants
1401:Date left
1362:Montenegro
1247:Azerbaijan
957:Bratislava
723:San Marino
718:San Marino
419:Greek case
220:Copenhagen
194:Luxembourg
189:Luxembourg
89:Kazakhstan
70:Montenegro
3850:Observers
3736:Lithuania
3318:Arab News
3043:1573-0352
2084:Palestine
2034:southern
2023:of NATO.
1728:Observers
1614:democracy
1461:Dissolved
1367:Podgorica
991:Bucharest
898:Ljubljana
868:Lithuania
448:Reykjavík
306:Stockholm
233:Greenland
142:Amsterdam
3862:Holy See
3811:Slovenia
3806:Slovakia
3786:Portugal
3651:Bulgaria
3568:Congress
3496:16 April
3470:Archived
3409:Archived
3323:Archived
3150:Archived
3126:24 April
3120:Archived
3099:24 April
3093:Archived
3068:14 April
2994:Archived
2963:Archived
2939:Archived
2898:Archived
2896:. 2016.
2868:Archived
2758:Archived
2732:Archived
2706:Archived
2664:5 August
2658:Archived
2632:Archived
2593:Archived
2569:10 March
2563:Archived
2533:Archived
2513:5 August
2507:Archived
2481:Archived
2448:Archived
2419:Archived
2390:Archived
2358:Archived
2329:Archived
2297:Archived
2268:Archived
2236:Archived
2207:Archived
2174:Archived
1983:and the
1893:Partners
1877:and the
1829:Holy See
1827:and the
1700:de facto
1481:Belgrade
1417:Saarland
1395:Capital
1306:Belgrade
1281:Sarajevo
1066:Chișinău
952:Slovakia
893:Slovenia
818:Bulgaria
773:Budapest
748:Helsinki
643:Portugal
623:Valletta
391:Founder
365:Founder
339:Founder
313:Founder
287:Founder
261:Founder
201:Founder
175:Founder
168:Brussels
149:Founder
117:Capital
3836:Ukraine
3791:Romania
3751:Moldova
3716:Ireland
3711:Iceland
3706:Hungary
3696:Germany
3691:Georgia
3681:Finland
3676:Estonia
3671:Denmark
3656:Croatia
3641:Belgium
3631:Austria
3626:Armenia
3621:Andorra
3616:Albania
3608:Members
3074:Twitter
2790:25 July
2599:22 June
2559:Reuters
2454:23 June
2425:23 June
2396:23 June
2364:23 June
2335:23 June
2303:23 June
2274:23 June
2242:23 June
2213:23 June
2187:Europe.
2180:23 June
2131:Morocco
2080:Lebanon
2060:Tunisia
2056:Algeria
2052:Morocco
1981:Tunisia
1977:Morocco
1969:Algeria
1887:Belarus
1722:statute
1577:Belarus
1572:Belarus
1552:Armenia
1343:Monaco
1223:Yerevan
1218:Armenia
1198:Tbilisi
1192:Georgia
1166:Croatia
1111:Ukraine
1086:Albania
1061:Moldova
1011:Andorra
986:Romania
873:Vilnius
848:Tallinn
843:Estonia
768:Hungary
743:Finland
573:Nicosia
543:Austria
515:acceded
493:Germany
443:Iceland
353:Ireland
215:Denmark
163:Belgium
85:Belarus
68:, with
54:Iceland
3877:Mexico
3867:Israel
3857:Canada
3831:Turkey
3821:Sweden
3801:Serbia
3781:Poland
3776:Norway
3756:Monaco
3726:Latvia
3701:Greece
3686:France
3661:Cyprus
3041:
3000:30 May
2830:23 May
2738:23 May
2712:23 May
2638:23 May
2149:Jordan
2072:Jordan
2068:Israel
1951:, the
1912:, the
1860:ad hoc
1848:Mexico
1844:Israel
1840:Canada
1823:, the
1821:Mexico
1813:Canada
1775:
1769:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1696:Kosovo
1654:member
1644:Kosovo
1514:Moscow
1509:Russia
1506:
1450:Prague
1404:Notes
1392:State
1359:
1339:Monaco
1336:
1301:Serbia
1298:
1273:
1244:
1215:
1189:
1171:Zagreb
1163:
1141:Skopje
1133:
1108:
1091:Tirana
1083:
1058:
1036:Latvia
1033:
1008:
983:
949:
923:Prague
915:
890:
865:
840:
815:
798:Warsaw
793:Poland
790:
765:
740:
715:
690:
673:Madrid
665:
648:Lisbon
640:
615:
568:Cyprus
565:
548:Vienna
540:
519:states
498:Berlin
490:
473:Ankara
468:Turkey
465:
440:
410:Athens
405:Greece
402:
376:
358:Dublin
350:
332:London
324:
301:Sweden
298:
275:Norway
272:
249:France
246:
212:
186:
160:
134:
123:Notes
114:State
95:, and
93:Russia
58:Turkey
50:Greece
37:
31:
25:
3872:Japan
3816:Spain
3746:Malta
3721:Italy
3062:Tweet
2088:Libya
2076:Syria
2064:Egypt
1875:Japan
1817:Japan
1588:(cf.
1546:This
823:Sofia
698:Vaduz
668:Spain
618:Malta
379:Italy
254:Paris
3498:2024
3417:2019
3387:2019
3357:2008
3331:2022
3158:2023
3128:2023
3101:2023
3070:2023
3039:ISSN
3002:2022
2971:2023
2906:2022
2876:2022
2864:PACE
2832:2014
2792:2010
2766:2019
2740:2014
2714:2014
2666:2008
2640:2014
2601:2022
2571:2022
2541:2022
2515:2008
2489:2013
2456:2019
2427:2019
2398:2019
2366:2019
2337:2019
2305:2019
2276:2019
2244:2019
2215:2019
2182:2019
2116:and
2098:OSCE
2038:and
2026:The
1955:and
1920:and
1846:and
1825:U.S.
1616:and
1548:coin
1524:See
1259:See
1252:Baku
1230:See
1116:Kyiv
1041:Riga
598:Bern
505:The
384:Rome
280:Oslo
231:and
107:List
60:and
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3029:doi
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3403:.
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3037:.
3025:43
3023:.
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2992:.
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2892:.
2866:.
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2730:.
2700:.
2609:^
2587:.
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2479:.
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2184:.
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