458:
own. Typically the system makes suggestions for the clinician to look through and the clinician picks useful information and removes erroneous suggestions. Some programs attempt to do this by replacing the clinician, such as reading the output of a heart monitor. Such automated processes are usually deemed a "device" by the FDA and require regulatory approval. In contrast, clinical decision support systems that "support" but do not replace the clinician are deemed to be "Augmented
Intelligence" if it meets the FDA criteria that (1) it reveals the underlying data, (2) reveals the underlying logic, and (3) leaves the clinician in charge to shape and make the decision.
470:
1642:
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2009:
31:
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a specific disease or condition. After the initial diagnostic impression, the clinician obtains follow up tests and procedures to get more data to support or reject the original diagnosis and will attempt to narrow it down to a more specific level. Diagnostic procedures are the specific tools that the clinicians use to narrow the diagnostic possibilities.
797:
non-medical factors such as power, ethics and financial incentives for patient or doctor. It can be a brief summation or an extensive formulation, even taking the form of a story or metaphor. It might be a means of communication such as a computer code through which it triggers payment, prescription, notification, information or advice. It might be
238:(regarding mechanisms to keep body systems in balance). Knowledge of what is normal and measuring of the patient's current condition against those norms can assist in determining the patient's particular departure from homeostasis and the degree of departure, which in turn can assist in quantifying the indication for further diagnostic processing.
694:
Medical diagnosis or the actual process of making a diagnosis is a cognitive process. A clinician uses several sources of data and puts the pieces of the puzzle together to make a diagnostic impression. The initial diagnostic impression can be a broad term describing a category of diseases instead of
378:
This may be the primary method used in cases where diseases are "obvious", or the provider's experience may enable him or her to recognize the condition quickly. Theoretically, a certain pattern of signs or symptoms can be directly associated with a certain therapy, even without a definite decision
152:
A diagnosis, in the sense of diagnostic procedure, can be regarded as an attempt at classification of an individual's condition into separate and distinct categories that allow medical decisions about treatment and prognosis to be made. Subsequently, a diagnostic opinion is often described in terms
1088:
department for essentially non-medical reasons, such as to reassure the patient by providing an official-sounding label, to make the provider look effective, or to obtain approval for treatment. This term is also used as a derogatory label for disputed, poorly described, overused, or questionably
457:
are interactive computer programs designed to assist health professionals with decision-making tasks. The clinician interacts with the software utilizing both the clinician's knowledge and the software to make a better analysis of the patients data than either human or software could make on their
796:
Diagnosis can take many forms. It might be a matter of naming the disease, lesion, dysfunction or disability. It might be a management-naming or prognosis-naming exercise. It may indicate either degree of abnormality on a continuum or kind of abnormality in a classification. It is influenced by
1475:
340:
and other processing, aiming to reach the point where only one candidate disease or condition remains as probable. The result may also remain a list of possible conditions, ranked in order of probability or severity. Such a list is often generated by computer-aided diagnosis systems.
808:
Once a diagnostic opinion has been reached, the provider is able to propose a management plan, which will include treatment as well as plans for follow-up. From this point on, in addition to treating the patient's condition, the provider can educate the patient about the
351:
Unless the provider is certain of the condition present, further medical tests, such as medical imaging, are performed or scheduled in part to confirm or disprove the diagnosis but also to document the patient's status and keep the patient's medical history up to date.
599:
Lag time due to delays in reading x-rays have been cited as a major challenge in care delivery. The
Department of Health and Human Services has reportedly found that interpretation of x-rays is rarely available to emergency room physicians prior to patient
519:) and treatments that may cause harm. Overdiagnosis occurs when a disease is diagnosed correctly, but the diagnosis is irrelevant. A correct diagnosis may be irrelevant because treatment for the disease is not available, not needed, or not wanted.
1483:
153:
of a disease or other condition. (In the case of a wrong diagnosis, however, the individual's actual disease or condition is not the same as the individual's diagnosis.) A total evaluation of a condition is often termed a diagnostic workup.
256:
Even during an already ongoing diagnostic procedure, there can be an indication to perform another, separate, diagnostic procedure for another, potentially concomitant, disease or condition. This may occur as a result of an
514:
Overdiagnosis is the diagnosis of "disease" that will never cause symptoms or death during a patient's lifetime. It is a problem because it turns people into patients unnecessarily and because it can lead to economic waste
379:
regarding what is the actual disease, but such a compromise carries a substantial risk of missing a diagnosis which actually has a different therapy so it may be limited to cases where no diagnosis can be made.
893:
of the patient. For instance, a proper diagnosis of infectious diseases usually requires both an examination of signs and symptoms, as well as laboratory test results and characteristics of the pathogen
1004:
A medical condition whose presence cannot be established with complete confidence from history, examination or testing. Diagnosis is therefore by elimination of all other reasonable possibilities.
1048:
Rather than focusing on biological processes, a nursing diagnosis identifies people's responses to situations in their lives, such as a readiness to change or a willingness to accept assistance.
1064:
the user to the best of its ability. Health screening begins by identifying the part of the body where the symptoms are located; the computer cross-references a database for the corresponding
2041:
1224:
964:
A process of identifying all of the possible diagnoses that could be connected to the signs, symptoms, and lab findings, and then ruling out diagnoses until a final determination can be made.
125:
of various pieces of information followed by the recognition and differentiation of patterns. Occasionally the process is made easy by a sign or symptom (or a group of several) that is
824:
the condition and the progress of the treatment, if needed, usually according to the medical guidelines provided by the medical field on the treatment of the particular illness.
207:
the disease or condition. Such elucidation can be useful to optimize treatment, further specify the prognosis or prevent recurrence of the disease or condition in the future.
332:
The method of differential diagnosis is based on finding as many candidate diseases or conditions as possible that can possibly cause the signs or symptoms, followed by a
2163:
2034:
1588:
534:
500:
Diagnosis problems are the dominant cause of medical malpractice payments, accounting for 35% of total payments in a study of 25 years of data and 350,000 claims.
303:
performed to aid in the diagnosis or detection of disease. Diagnostic tests can also be used to provide prognostic information on people with established disease.
928:
A diagnosis based on the macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular examination of tissues such as biopsies or whole organs. For example, a definitive diagnosis of
984:
uses to attempt to determine the correct diagnosis. They are standards, normally published by international committees, and they are designed to offer the best
1353:
Wadhwa, R. R.; Park, D. Y.; Natowicz, M. R. (2018). "The accuracy of computer‐based diagnostic tools for the identification of concurrent genetic disorders".
2027:
1134:
1634:
2156:
1016:. The term almost always referred to a diagnosis of a serious mental illness and a substance use disorder, however, the increasing prevalence of
1691:
Chan, K. W.; Felson, D. T.; Yood, R. A.; Walker, A. M. (1994). "The lag time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis".
371:
method the provider uses experience to recognize a pattern of clinical characteristics. It is mainly based on certain symptoms or signs being
3107:
348:. Even if it does not result in a single probable disease or condition, it can at least rule out any imminently life-threatening conditions.
1113:
The labeling of an illness in a historical figure or specific historical event using modern knowledge, methods and disease classifications.
2149:
420:
1398:"A Statistical Method for Exploratory Data Analysis Based on 2D and 3D Area under Curve Diagrams: Parkinson's Disease Investigation"
306:
Processing of the answers, findings or other results. Consultations with other providers and specialists in the field may be sought.
244:
The fact that a patient has sought a diagnostician can itself be an indication to perform a diagnostic procedure. For example, in a
375:
with certain diseases or conditions, not necessarily involving the more cognitive processing involved in a differential diagnosis.
952:
The diagnosis given as the reason why the patient was admitted to the hospital; it may differ from the actual problem or from the
2747:
434:
3032:
2973:
2687:
1903:
1871:
1810:
1610:
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17:
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of the patient from the waiting room to the doctor's office even before she or he has started to present any complaints.
2935:
2118:
2013:
817:, other outcomes, and possible treatments of her or his ailments, as well as providing advice for maintaining health.
2538:
2449:
1780:
1332:
1196:
3114:
2622:
1264:
922:
A diagnosis based on endoscopic inspection and observation of the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body.
454:
1458:
1323:
Langlois, John P. (2002). "Making a
Diagnosis". In Mengel, Mark B.; Holleman, Warren L.; Fields, Scott A. (eds.).
3134:
3102:
2571:
2431:
1655:
Johnson, P. E.; Duran, A. S.; Hassebrock, F.; Moller, J.; Prietula, M.; Feltovich, P. J.; Swanson, D. B. (1981).
281:
General components which are present in a diagnostic procedure in most of the various available methods include:
117:), by itself, is a sign of many disorders and thus does not tell the healthcare professional what is wrong. Thus
469:
199:
A diagnostic procedure (as well as the opinion reached thereby) does not necessarily involve elucidation of the
2843:
2197:
533:
Most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, according to a 2015 report by the
310:
There are a number of methods or techniques that can be used in a diagnostic procedure, including performing a
218:
Detection of any deviation from what is known to be normal, such as can be described in terms of, for example,
3080:
3065:
2803:
2122:
834:
A failure to respond to treatments that would normally work may indicate a need for review of the diagnosis.
285:
Complementing the already given information with further data gathering, which may include questions of the
3177:
3055:
665:
615:
121:, in which several possible explanations are compared and contrasted, must be performed. This involves the
2019:
3085:
1979:
1076:
The diagnosis of "disease" that will never cause symptoms, distress, or death during a patient's lifetime
985:
106:
1748:
3172:
2418:
1919:
266:
1826:
1570:
3129:
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2798:
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2545:
2533:
2234:
2229:
491:
An "exhaustive method", in which every possible question is asked and all possible data is collected.
443:
1641:
1396:
Sushkova, Olga; Morozov, Alexei; Gabova, Alexandra; Karabanov, Alexei; Illarioshkin, Sergey (2021).
3124:
2988:
2727:
2525:
1239:
1051:
1028:
The diagnosis or identification of a medical conditions in oneself. Self-diagnosis is very common.
409:
388:
372:
261:
of a sign unrelated to the parameter of interest, such as can occur in comprehensive tests such as
3023:
2617:
2400:
1129:
1108:
157:
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820:
A treatment plan is proposed which may include therapy and follow-up consultations and tests to
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2589:
2088:
1156:
1139:
999:
959:
345:
333:
327:
311:
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context being implicit. The information required for a diagnosis is typically collected from a
1084:
A vague, or even completely fake, medical or psychiatric label given to the patient or to the
3049:
2950:
2461:
2310:
1102:
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821:
211:
1521:
3151:
3119:
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588:
290:
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2371:
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2141:
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1795:
Encyclopaedia of the
History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures
1587:
1144:
967:
905:
629:
368:
200:
189:
141:
1413:
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2207:
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A diagnosis based significantly on laboratory reports or test results, rather than the
429:
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panels that also include blood tests that are not relevant for the ongoing diagnosis.
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was known to make diagnoses by tasting his patients' urine and smelling their sweat.
672:, specified four diagnostic methods: inspection, auscultation-olfaction, inquiry and
486:
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245:
235:
1555:
1382:
1278:
988:
possible, respect the presence of a condition, with the state-of-the-art technology.
956:, which are the diagnoses recorded when the patient is discharged from the hospital.
689:
572:
When making a medical diagnosis, a lag time is a delay in time until a step towards
561:
248:, the physician may already start performing a diagnostic procedure by watching the
3037:
2978:
2884:
2707:
2495:
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2328:
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1864:
Diagnosis and Risk
Management in Primary Care: words that count, numbers that speak
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1798:
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1668:
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1533:
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1362:
1229:
1031:
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that diagnoses a patient without being physically in the same room as the patient.
344:
The resultant diagnostic opinion by this method can be regarded more or less as a
2899:
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2176:
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1206:
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901:
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318:. In reality, a diagnostic procedure may involve components of multiple methods.
294:
286:
165:
83:
1955:
1938:
1728:"Medicare's Reimbursement for Interpretations of Hospital Emergency Room X-Rays"
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1020:
has revealed many cases of patients with multiple concomitant genetic disorders.
856:
might reduce the likelihood that some fearful patients will go-by the treatment.
2983:
2968:
2839:
2479:
2366:
2338:
2252:
1895:
1673:
1656:
1124:
1085:
1023:
1007:
828:
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A diagnosis based on measurement and recording of electrophysiologic activity.
720:
620:
The first recorded examples of medical diagnosis are found in the writings of
3166:
2757:
2742:
2732:
2244:
1509:. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG). 20 April 2017.
1166:
1071:
1013:
772:
625:
528:
509:
466:
Other methods that can be used in performing a diagnostic procedure include:
126:
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3003:
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2904:
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2436:
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2300:
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1538:
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2696:
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1726:
Office of Health and Human
Services: Office of Inspector General (1993).
1592:
1522:"Overdiagnosis: How Our Compulsion for Diagnosis May Be Harming Children"
1366:
933:
802:
677:
657:
177:
122:
34:
1520:
Coon, Eric; Moyer, Virginia; Schroeder, Alan; Quinonez, Ricardo (2014).
2914:
2874:
2469:
2388:
2383:
2333:
2217:
1769:
Magic and
Rationality in Ancient Near Eastern and Graeco-Roman Medicine
1455:
1352:
1191:
798:
649:
474:
359:
may be ruled out and the provider must then consider other hypotheses.
356:
270:
231:
223:
173:
137:
110:
1476:"Diagnostic errors are leading cause of successful malpractice claims"
1422:
1225:
List of diagnostic classification and rating scales used in psychiatry
336:
or at least of rendering the entries more or less probable by further
2909:
2793:
2305:
2262:
2092:
1937:
Berner, E. S.; Webster, G. D.; Shugerman, A. A.; et al. (1994).
1201:
1186:
1090:
981:
814:
673:
633:
573:
402:
262:
227:
161:
942:
The single medical diagnosis that is most relevant to the patient's
840:
identifies five reasons that determine the necessity for diagnosis:
2829:
2783:
2773:
2594:
2071:
1735:
Department of Health and Human
Services Office of Inspector General
1602:
1327:(2nd ed.). New York, N.Y.: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
1171:
1094:
1061:
1057:
853:
a diagnosis might help the therapist to empathize with his patient;
810:
114:
105:
Diagnosis is often challenging because many signs and symptoms are
79:
1012:
The diagnosis of two related, but separate, medical conditions or
576:
of a disease or condition is made. Types of lag times are mainly:
473:
An example of a medical algorithm for assessment and treatment of
2993:
2889:
2778:
2212:
2075:
1211:
1101:, such as the labeling of normal responses to physical hunger as
1065:
977:
877:
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645:
621:
584:
478:
355:
If unexpected findings are made during this process, the initial
219:
169:
67:
63:
946:
or need for treatment. Many patients have additional diagnoses.
2824:
2257:
2008:
929:
2665:
1841:
1767:
H. F. J. Horstmanshoff, Marten Stol, Cornelis
Tilburg (2004),
1591:(2015). Balogh, Erin P; Miller, Bryan T; Ball, John R (eds.).
1395:
550:
too much significance is given to some aspect of the diagnosis
289:(potentially from other people close to the patient as well),
30:
2510:
1597:. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. p. S-1.
768:
653:
1983:
1654:
544:
the manifestation of disease are not sufficiently noticeable
2287:
2109:
1304:
Essential
Decision Making and Clinical Judgement for Nurses
750:
738:
732:
249:
2171:
1519:
1589:
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
1454:
Decision support systems. 26 July 2005. 17 Feb. 2009 <
1149:
756:
741:
535:
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
203:
of the diseases or conditions of interest, that is, what
214:
to perform a diagnostic procedure. Indications include:
1939:"Performance of four computer-based diagnostic systems"
90:
of the person seeking medical care. Often, one or more
37:
is an important tool in diagnosis of certain disorders.
668:, as described in the Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon or
606:
Long lag times are often called "diagnostic odyssey".
1135:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
759:
753:
747:
596:, the time from first medical encounter to diagnosis
461:
230:(what can go wrong with the anatomy and physiology),
1980:"Connection between onset of symptoms and diagnosis"
1690:
729:
408:
Some examples of diagnostic criteria, also known as
405:
uses to attempt to determine the correct diagnosis.
744:
449:
156:A diagnostic procedure may be performed by various
1862:Treasure, Wilfrid (2011). "Chapter 1: Diagnosis".
98:, are also done during the process. Sometimes the
847:information contained in it related to prognosis;
557:with symptoms suggestive of many other conditions
3164:
1060:allows the computer to identify the problem and
900:A diagnosis based primarily on the results from
540:Causes and factors of error in diagnosis are:
2681:
2157:
2035:
1657:"Expertise and Error in Diagnostic Reasoning"
805:. It is generally uncertain and provisional.
435:ACR criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus
1977:
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827:Relevant information should be added to the
1686:
1684:
1355:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A
1150:International Statistical Classification of
735:
102:is considered a kind of medical diagnosis.
2688:
2674:
2164:
2150:
2042:
2028:
1886:
1793:Jingfeng, C. (2008). "Medicine in China".
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1152:Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)
1954:
1672:
1537:
1431:
1421:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1097:, or to dismiss diagnoses that amount to
421:hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
321:
27:Process to identify a disease or disorder
1861:
1792:
1681:
1571:"America's Epidemic of Unnecessary Care"
1322:
468:
29:
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706:and a person who diagnoses is called a
547:a disease is omitted from consideration
397:designates the specific combination of
14:
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1302:Thompson, C. & Dowding, C. (2009)
786:
783:), meaning "to discern, distinguish".
382:
362:
132:Diagnosis is a major component of the
62:) is the process of determining which
3033:Artificial intelligence in healthcare
2669:
2145:
2023:
1162:Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy
648:1069–1046 BC), introduced the use of
1456:http://www.openclinical.org/dss.html
932:is made via tissue examination by a
140:, the diagnostic procedure involves
74:. It is most often referred to as a
2551:Upper limb neurological examination
2054:used to describe disease conditions
581:Onset-to-medical encounter lag time
241:A complaint expressed by a patient.
222:(the structure of the human body),
196:as any of these person categories.
24:
3108:reform debate in the United States
1594:Improving Diagnosis in Health Care
908:are common radiological diagnoses.
660:in the diagnosis of an illness or
495:
462:Other diagnostic procedure methods
25:
3194:
3135:(Category Health care by country)
2001:
1325:Fundamentals of Clinical Practice
1271:
1197:Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
872:A diagnosis made on the basis of
850:protecting interests of patients;
844:diagnosis for treatment planning;
791:
455:Clinical decision support systems
299:A diagnostic test is any kind of
66:or condition explains a person's
3147:
3146:
2007:
1640:
1265:List of medical abbreviations: D
996:Diagnosis work done before birth
865:Sub-types of diagnoses include:
725:
503:
450:Clinical decision support system
210:The initial task is to detect a
2695:
2572:Ballard Maturational Assessment
2432:Peripheral vascular examination
1971:
1943:New England Journal of Medicine
1930:
1912:
1880:
1855:
1819:
1786:
1761:
1741:
1719:
1648:
1581:
1562:
1513:
594:Encounter-to-diagnosis lag time
147:
2844:Academic health science centre
2198:History of the present illness
1803:10.1007/978-1-4020-4425-0_8500
1497:
1468:
1448:
1296:
1256:
1089:classified diagnoses, such as
972:Designates the combination of
109:. For example, redness of the
13:
1:
3081:Health information management
3066:health information technology
2804:Health information management
2539:Mini–mental state examination
2450:Ankle–brachial pressure index
1849:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
1250:
134:procedure of a doctor's visit
3056:Translational bioinformatics
1569:Gawande, Atul (4 May 2015).
1482:. 2012-04-30. Archived from
980:, and test results that the
713:
666:Traditional Chinese Medicine
616:History of medical diagnosis
401:, and test results that the
276:
136:. From the point of view of
7:
3086:Consumer health informatics
1956:10.1056/NEJM199406233302506
1827:"What Would Hipocrates Do?"
1140:Doctor-patient relationship
1117:
986:sensitivity and specificity
698:The plural of diagnosis is
567:
234:(thought and behavior) and
10:
3199:
1674:10.1207/s15516709cog0503_3
687:
613:
609:
526:
507:
386:
325:
267:magnetic resonance imaging
3142:
3096:
3076:Public health informatics
3012:
2989:Electronic health records
2959:
2923:
2867:
2859:Supervised injection site
2812:
2799:Allied health professions
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2703:
2640:
2608:
2580:
2559:
2546:Cranial nerve examination
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2488:
2460:
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2059:
1068:and presents a diagnosis.
583:, the time from onset of
560:the condition has a rare
522:
410:clinical case definitions
1892:Psychoanalytic Diagnosis
1693:Arthritis and Rheumatism
1240:List of medical symptoms
1218:
1052:Computer-aided diagnosis
860:
389:Clinical case definition
158:healthcare professionals
3024:Medical image computing
2974:Artificial intelligence
2618:Athletic heart syndrome
2123:Acronym or abbreviation
1283:www.merriam-webster.com
1130:Diagnosis-related group
1109:Retrospective diagnosis
911:Electrography diagnosis
683:
3061:Translational medicine
2655:Differential diagnosis
2590:Well-woman examination
2089:Differential diagnosis
1705:10.1002/art.1780370606
1539:10.1542/peds.2014-1778
1506:What is overdiagnosis?
1279:"Definition of workup"
1157:Medical classification
1000:Diagnosis of exclusion
960:Differential diagnosis
779:) from διαγιγνώσκειν (
636:medical textbook, the
481:
346:diagnosis of exclusion
334:process of elimination
328:Differential diagnosis
322:Differential diagnosis
312:differential diagnosis
226:(how the body works),
119:differential diagnosis
38:
3050:Computational biology
2951:Universal precautions
1920:"admitting diagnosis"
1866:. Oxford: Radcliffe.
1749:"Edwin Smith Papyrus"
1103:reactive hypoglycemia
1080:Wastebasket diagnosis
527:Further information:
472:
92:diagnostic procedures
33:
3044:Behavior informatics
2623:Sudden cardiac death
2506:Shoulder examination
2445:Abdominojugular test
2278:Physical examination
2225:Past medical history
2016:at Wikimedia Commons
1797:. pp. 1529–34.
1367:10.1002/ajmg.a.40651
906:Greenstick fractures
891:physical examination
886:Laboratory diagnosis
690:Wiktionary:diagnosis
589:health care provider
291:physical examination
192:. This article uses
186:healthcare scientist
142:classification tests
100:posthumous diagnosis
88:physical examination
3178:Medical terminology
3028:imaging informatics
2936:Cultural competence
2642:Assessment and plan
2427:Cardiac examination
2372:Swinging light test
2240:Psychiatric history
2173:Medical examination
1986:on 13 February 2019
1924:The Free Dictionary
1829:. 23 September 2008
1480:The Washington Post
1414:2021Senso..21.4700S
1145:Etiology (medicine)
968:Diagnostic criteria
954:discharge diagnoses
949:Admitting diagnosis
939:Principal diagnosis
917:Endoscopy diagnosis
897:Radiology diagnosis
787:Society and culture
767:is derived through
638:Diagnostic Handbook
630:Edwin Smith Papyrus
553:the condition is a
395:diagnostic criteria
383:Diagnostic criteria
369:pattern recognition
363:Pattern recognition
190:physician assistant
18:Medical diagnostics
3014:Health informatics
2789:Healthcare science
2600:Breast examination
2475:Rectal examination
2409:Respiratory sounds
2208:Nursing assessment
2068:Signs and symptoms
1978:WebMed Solutions.
1461:2020-02-02 at the
1099:overmedicalization
992:Prenatal diagnosis
869:Clinical diagnosis
624:(2630–2611 BC) in
487:medical algorithms
482:
430:multiple sclerosis
417:Amsterdam criteria
399:signs and symptoms
316:medical algorithms
259:incidental finding
212:medical indication
182:nurse practitioner
39:
3173:Medical diagnosis
3160:
3159:
2924:Skills / training
2848:Teaching hospital
2663:
2662:
2650:Medical diagnosis
2636:
2635:
2511:Elbow examination
2139:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2119:Eponymous disease
2085:Medical diagnosis
2014:Medical diagnosis
2012:Media related to
1905:978-1-60918-494-0
1888:McWilliams, Nancy
1873:978-1-84619-477-1
1812:978-1-4020-4559-2
1661:Cognitive Science
1612:978-0-309-37769-0
1423:10.3390/s21144700
1245:Category:Diseases
1235:List of disorders
1177:Nursing diagnosis
1044:Nursing diagnosis
587:until visiting a
426:McDonald criteria
236:human homeostasis
42:Medical diagnosis
16:(Redirected from
3190:
3150:
3149:
3038:Neuroinformatics
2979:Connected health
2690:
2683:
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2667:
2666:
2496:Knee examination
2344:Respiratory rate
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2142:
2062:
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2044:
2037:
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2020:
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1991:
1982:. Archived from
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1969:
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1894:(2nd ed.).
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1230:List of diseases
1032:Remote diagnosis
925:Tissue diagnosis
882:diagnostic tests
838:Nancy McWilliams
831:of the patient.
775:word διάγνωσις (
766:
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2895:Overutilization
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2854:Pharmacy school
2820:Assisted living
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2501:Hip examination
2489:Musculoskeletal
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2193:Chief complaint
2185:Medical history
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1361:(12): 2704–09.
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1125:Diagnosis codes
1120:
1086:medical records
1018:genetic testing
944:chief complaint
902:medical imaging
863:
813:, progression,
794:
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728:
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692:
686:
670:Huangdi Neijing
642:Esagil-kin-apli
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517:overutilization
512:
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496:Adverse effects
464:
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440:Centor criteria
391:
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287:medical history
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166:physiotherapist
150:
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2969:3D bioprinting
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2367:Ophthalmoscopy
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2339:Blood pressure
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2245:Progress notes
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2235:Social history
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2230:Family history
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2203:Systems review
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2177:history taking
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2002:External links
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1896:Guilford Press
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1580:
1575:The New Yorker
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1024:Self-diagnosis
1021:
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1008:Dual diagnosis
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829:medical record
793:
792:Social context
790:
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702:. The verb is
688:Main article:
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3103:United States
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3052:in healthcare
3051:
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3046:in healthcare
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3040:in healthcare
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2582:Gynecological
2579:
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2534:Mental status
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2058:
2053:
2052:medical terms
2045:
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2033:
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2022:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2005:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1907:
1901:
1898:. p. 8.
1897:
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1822:
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1800:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1781:90-04-13666-5
1778:
1774:
1771:, pp. 97–98,
1770:
1764:
1750:
1744:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1699:(6): 814–20.
1698:
1694:
1687:
1685:
1675:
1670:
1667:(3): 235–83.
1666:
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1486:on 2018-12-05
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1330:
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1268:for variants.
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1167:Medical error
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