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432:, concluding it is a tool for checking the powers of the government over the individual. They further justified this conclusion by stating that if the scope were so widely read as to include private actions, it would impose too much a burden on the courts and would result in too much overlap with common law rules and statutes.
462:
In a strong dissent, Wilson J (with Cory J concurring) examined a broad range of sources and proposed several tests including a "control test", "government function test" and a "government entity test". However, Wilson did not regard any of them as a panacea, since they all missed some aspect of
443:
is not determinative. The fact the school was created by statute and received a significant portion of its funding from government was insufficient. Nor was the fact it is regulated by government and fulfilled a public service sufficient. LaForest J noted that universities still function as
447:
Despite the court ruling against the
University's status as a government body, they nevertheless examined whether the retirement policy violated section 15. LaForest J stated that all actions pursuant to powers granted by law, not merely statutes, would be subject to
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The majority found that section 15 was violated because a distinction based on age discriminated against those who were old but capable of working. However, the violation was justified under
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Hollis
Rinehart, on his own behalf and on behalf of all other members of the York University Faculty Association v Board of Governors of York University and the Attorney General for Ontario;
565:
444:
autonomous bodies and the government had no direct power to control the school. Instead, the school is governed by a Board of
Governors which is not the representative of government.
425:
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3. whether the limitation of the prohibition against age discrimination in the
Ontario Human Rights Code to persons between the ages of 18 and 65 violates s. 15; and
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340:, universities were not part of government. Therefore, the mandatory retirement age for university teachers did not violate equality rights under
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of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be
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4. if the limitation does violate s. 15, whether it is justifiable under s. 1 as a reasonable limit on an equality right.
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applied for declarations that the university's policy for mandatory retirement at age 65 as well as the
Ontario
168:
David Walter McKinney, Jr v Board of
Governors of the University of Guelph and the Attorney General for Ontario;
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Horacio Roque-Nunez v Board of
Governors of Laurentian University and the Attorney General for Ontario;
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Ritvars
Bregzis v Governing Council of the University of Toronto and the Attorney General for Ontario;
387:
55:
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LaForest J wrote the majority, with
Dickson and Gonthier JJ concurring. In the similar fashion from
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2. if the
Charter does apply to universities, whether mandatory retirement policies violate s. 15;
184:
Norman Zacour v Governing Council of the University of Toronto and the Attorney General for Ontario
646:
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331:
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Syed Ziauddin v Board of Governors of Laurentian University and the Attorney General for Ontario;
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as it applies to government bodies as well as the definition of "law" within the ambit of the
605:
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Bernard Blishen v Board of Governors of York University and the Attorney General for Ontario;
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John A Buttrick v Board of Governors of York University and the Attorney General for Ontario;
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391:, which allowed such policies, were unconstitutional because it violated their section 15
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Tillo E Kuhn v Board of Governors of York University and the Attorney General for Ontario;
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LaForest J's attention then moved to whether the University was a government body. The
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only applied to the government but without defining what constitutes "government".
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Lamer and McLachlin JJ took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.
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1. whether the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms applies to universities;
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Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union, Local 580 v Dolphin Delivery Ltd
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case that decided that, for the purpose of determining the application of the
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Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing
348:. In reaching this holding, the Court refined the scope of the
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due to the public necessity to have new teachers hired.
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List of Supreme Court of Canada cases (Lamer Court)
282:La Forest J, joined by Dickson CJ and Gonthier JJ
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561:Gordon S. Lang School of Business and Economics
519:
571:College of Social and Applied Human Sciences
381:Eight professors and one librarian from the
566:College of Physical and Engineering Science
526:
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118:Learn how and when to remove this message
616:Center for Mobile Education and Research
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337:Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
756:
203:Judgment for the universities and the
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15:
398:The issues before the court were:
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67:"McKinney v University of Guelph"
764:Section Fifteen Charter case law
703:McKinney v. University of Guelph
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428:to determine the purpose of the
424:, they looked at the meaning of
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20:
327:McKinney v University of Guelph
136:McKinney v University of Guelph
642:University of Guelph Arboretum
1:
769:Supreme Court of Canada cases
556:College of Biological Science
359:
576:Ontario Agricultural College
130:Supreme Court of Canada case
33:general notability guideline
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721:University of Guelph-Humber
668:Central Student Association
611:Muck Crops Research Station
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209:Court of Appeal for Ontario
205:Attorney General of Ontario
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774:Labour relations in Canada
581:Ontario Veterinary College
159:Judgment: December 6, 1990
40:reliable secondary sources
29:The topic of this article
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31:may not meet Knowledge's
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332:Supreme Court of Canada
149:Supreme Court of Canada
416:Reasoning of the Court
606:Canadian Space Agency
252:Claire L'Heureux-Dubé
784:University of Guelph
536:University of Guelph
395:rights to equality.
383:University of Guelph
368:, the Court held in
364:Three year prior to
439:test alluded to in
716:Satellite campuses
695:Women's ice hockey
268:Beverley McLachlin
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388:Human Rights Code
330:3 SCR 229 is the
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314:L'Heureux-Dubé J
260:Charles Gonthier
248:GĂ©rard La Forest
237:Puisne Justices:
224:Court membership
219:Appeal dismissed
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108:December 2014
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63:Find sources:
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499:case summary
488:decision at
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295:Concurrence
287:Concurrence
44:independent
758:Categories
492: and
452:scrutiny.
426:section 32
360:Background
342:section 15
264:Peter Cory
78:newspapers
52:redirected
544:Academics
457:section 1
374:that the
290:Sopinka J
195:3 SCR 229
191:Citations
42:that are
690:Football
599:Research
467:See also
366:McKinney
306:Wilson J
279:Majority
680:CFRU-FM
656:Culture
450:Charter
430:Charter
393:Charter
376:Charter
354:Charter
350:Charter
346:Charter
344:of the
311:Dissent
303:Dissent
207:in the
92:scholar
56:deleted
663:People
630:Places
494:CanLII
298:Cory J
216:Ruling
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48:merged
621:Other
490:LexUM
99:JSTOR
85:books
54:, or
71:news
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