Jessie Oonark - Knowledge

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as well as appliquéd images from scraps for sale. At Easter in 1968 Elizabeth Whitton asked Oonark to do drawings about their church for their local women's auxiliary magazine. Oonark's drawings included depictions of Reverend Whitton, catechist Thomas Tapatai, local Inuit parishioners including women with traditional Inuit tattoos and the church exterior. Oonark continued to use these themes in later work, for example in her 1971–1972 wall hanging for Saint Jude's Cathedra1 in Iqaluit and in a 1971–1972 wall hanging of wool and stroud in the permanent collection of the Art Gallery of Ontario. Oonark described this wall-hanging,

831:"Geometry, abstraction, design and activated symmetry are all combined to bring out the very real image of a woman in her winter dress. The brilliant colours emphasize the contrasting shades of caribou skin, beautifully assembled to form a traditional design on the parka. With this print Oonark set a style for herself to which she has remained true – strong and explicit use of line, an intelligent positioning of mass and daring choice of colour." 505:— were made into single colour stone cut prints under the name of Una (Kazan River) at the newly established Cape Dorset print shop and included in the 1960 Cape Dorset print collection and catalogue. A print from her drawing "People of lnland” appeared in the 1961 Cape Dorset Print collection. It was the first and only time the Cape Dorset print shop included work from an Inuk outside Cape Dorset. 864:"I was more thinking of people on the journey and seeing different tribes of different people, sort of walking between the hills or mountains. Those two women on the way back corners have the latest clothes from the Cambridge Bay area, and then next to her is a young one. Every young person seems to have those kind of parkas with a long tail and sort of a straight cut." 371:. Natak joined them in their hunting camp. Although Kabloona was "a good hunter and a respected fur trader", the family was often hungry. Their oldest daughter remembers the periods of hunger. Oonark's mother-in-law, Naatak, would boil a caribou skin into a "broth" in an attempt to appease the hunger. Even in 2007, Baker Lake Inuit kept animal bones for marrow 486:. Macpherson gave her coloured pencils and paper, purchased her drawings and brought some of them to Ottawa. Macpherson continued to send her coloured pencils and a drawing pad after his return to Ottawa in the late fall of 1959. In the spring of 1960 Oonark sent him twelve completed drawings in the sketchbook via the Northern Services Officer Tom Butlers. 623:. Later that year, the Baker Lake print collection is released featuring 11 Oonark prints, a new record for the artist. By 1976, Oonark was well known in her community. That year, her work was featured on two stamps for the United Nations commemorating the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements. The first day of Issue was May 28, 1976. 469:

development of the arts and crafts industry in Baker Lake. At that time the Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources (DIAND) established arts and crafts projects in Inuit hamlets as part of socioeconomic development (Goetz, 1985:43). Bill Larmour was the DIAND arts and crafts officer in Baker Lake from 1961 to 1962.

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arrival of Christian missionaries divided their small camp into two divisions—those who became Christian and those who held onto the old ways. Oonark did not participate in drum dancing nor did she follow the ways of shamanism. However she continued to depict the drum dance and aspects of shamanism in her artwork such as

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that When Oonark died in 1985, the Canadian Eskimo Art Council (CEAC) were quoted as saying that they were pleased with the quality of her last prints and they recognized that "ithout Oonark, Baker Lake as a centre for prints may never have happened. It was largely due to her enormous talent that the

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migration shifted away from the area where they lived, leaving many Inuit to starve. The Back River Inuit, including Oonark and her family, had a hard time during the starvation period of the 1950s. The winter of 1957–1958 was marked by a severe shortage of country food in the Back River area. Oonark

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were recurring themes in her work. Oonark has had a major museum retrospective with accompanying scholarly monograph. Despite a late start – she was 54 years old when her work was first published – she was an active and prolific artist over the next 19 years, creating a body of work that won critical

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A strong, bold graphic sense informs all of Oonark's work. Traditional dress, women's facial tattoos, and shamanistic themes are common in her art, yet they usually appear as isolated, fragmentary forms, shaped into a graphically bold image rather than a comprehensible narrative. Oonark is also well

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Oonark's work illustrated a 1972 anthology of Inuit poetry from the circumpolar regions including Alaska, Canada, Greenland and Siberia 1972. In the spring of 1972, Baker Lake print collection was released and it included five Oonark prints, two of which are based on small wall hangings. The stencil

364:, crossed the Canadian Arctic by dogsled and visited the Jessie Oonark's camp when she was just a teenager during his Fifth Thule Expedition. Utkuhikhalingmiut represented the first white contact. In the 1980s, Mame Jackson taped Jessie Oonark's description of the encountered broadcast on CBC radio. 859:

Reverend Alan Whitton was the Anglican minister at Saint Aidan's Church, Baker Lake, from 1963 until 1972. During that time his wife Elizabeth Whitton, befriended Oonark. In 1966 Elizabeth organized a sewing projects with Oonark and others where they produced mittens, parkas, slippers, duffel socks

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The colour stonecut and stencil print on laid Japanese paper printed by Thomas Sivuraq of a drawing by Jessie Oonark called "A Shaman's Helping Spirits" (1971), in the permanent collection of the National Gallery of Canada depicts a horned shaman, with animal helping spirits and with a small spirit

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Jessie Oonark, although familiar with oral traditions and legends, is never satisfied with a one-layered literal illustration. The horizontal print Two Fish Looking for Something to Eat depicts her version of the cannibal fish story but her double vision leaves room for ambiguity. The cannibal fish

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Mame Jackson, George Swinton and Jean Blodgett noted that Oonark's work reflects a high tolerance for ambiguity, a kind of double vision. For example, her work entitled "Two Fish Looking for Something to Eat" (1978), when viewed as a horizontal image, suggests two swimming fish-like creatures and

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Oonark began to experience numbness in her hands and feet and in 1979, when a surgical intervention failed to check the symptoms, she lost much of her manual dexterity and produced only a few more pieces afterwards. Her career had lasted roughly 19 years, but its impact on Inuit art – and on the

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Aglaguaq had a daughter who is Oonark's stepsister, Kayuruq. When Janet Kigusiuk was still a baby, Anglican missionaries, Canon James and his Inuk assistant catechist Thomas Tapatai came to Oonark's hunting camp. She adopted the Anglican religion and they gave her a prayer book and a Bible. The

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When Oonark first arrived in Baker Lake in 1958 she survived by "cleaning skins for her friend, Sandy Lunan, at the Hudson's Bay Company post, cooking meals, washing dishes and sewing traditional Arctic garments for local sale" and eventually worked as janitor at the Anglican Church. Baker Lake

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In the 1950s, because of a severe famine in the Keewatin District, many Inuit arrived in Baker Lake. A federal day school was opened at Baker Lake in 1957. Pre-fabricated subsidized government housing constructed from the mid-1950s. The Northern Services Officer—Doug Wilkinson— encouraged the

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Jessie Oonark's parents were Qiliikvuq and Aghlquarq(Aglaguaq). Aglaguaq and his brothers hunted muskox. Oonark's spent most of her time the in Chantrey Inlet where fish were abundant. The Utkukhalingmiut had many taboos, one of which was the drawing of images. According to Marie Bouchard— a

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researcher, art historian, and community worker who lived in Baker Lake for many years— "Oonark's grandmother repeatedly warned her that images could come to life in the dark of night." Oonark's mother married Qiqniikpak after the death of Oonark's father. Oonark lived with her mother.

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Bernadette Driscoll explained the presence of birds — in the drawing and print "Dream of the Bird Woman" and in Oonark's other artworks — demonstrated the "symbolic significance of the importance of birds as a symbol of flight and in several instances as a reference to shamanism as in

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established a federal government arts and crafts program with Jessie Oonark as one of their key artists. In 1963 Gabriel Gely developed a printmaking program in Baker Lake. Ten experimental prints were made in 1964 and two of them were based on Oonark's drawings—"Drum Dancer" (1964).

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depicts her version of the cannibal fish legend. When viewed vertically one figure resembles a standing woman whose face fills the amaut. Is she birthing or eating the small blue fish? The fish-figure wearing a man's parka seems to be kiss-touching rather than eating.

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to travel to Toronto and Montreal for the opening of the exhibitions of her drawings. The Toronto wall hangings solo-exhibition took place in April at the Innuit Gallery of Eskimo Art. In Montreal, the exhibition was held at the Canadian Guild of Crafts.

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On 18 November 2015, Oonark's 1969 wall hanging depicting a hunting scene, made of duffel, felt and embroidery floss, sold for $ 70,800, a new record for the Baker Lake artist. The wall hanging was one of 333 pieces of art up for sale, organized by

717:"These are sea creatures, and they are sort of eating one another. There is a story, and that is it that one whole person along with a qayak was swallowed up by some giant fish or creature or whatever – somewhere near Gjoa Haven or Back River." 1918: 550:. The stone cut print by Thomas Manik of Oonark's drawing entitled "Woman" (1970) was featured on the cover and her work was prominent in the exhibition. She continued to contribute images to the Baker Lake Print collections until 1985. 573:—in the gallery's opening year. Isaacs Innuit Gallery became one of Toronto's most prestigious galleries for over thirty years. It was Oonark's first solo exhibition and in 1971 Isaacs had an exhibition of Oonark's wall hangings. 379:"My grandmother, Natak, was always cooking something. She used to cook caribou skins. She would take hair off the skin and cook it. We would drink the broth. My grandmother used to even cook wolf meat. That was how we survived." 696:

Oonark's work includes visual puns and shape-shifting, descriptive works depicting clothing, tools and cultural objects of importance to the Utkuhihalingmiut as well as images based on storytelling, legends and shamanism.

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Oonark's mother and father and her mother-in-law Naatak, (Natak) were storytellers and these stories are richly represented in Oonark's work, such as the 1970 print entitled "Dream of the Bird Woman", referring to the

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which included wall hangings by Jessie Oonark and her daughters, Janet Kigusiuq, Victoria Mamnguqsllaluk, her relatives Ruth Qaulluaryuk and other women from the Back River area along with artists from Baker Lake.

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In 1958, after observing school children drawing in Baker Lake, Oonark casually remarked to the school teacher that she could draw better than that. The next summer in 1959, the teacher shared this comment with

1047:(Winnipeg, MB) and the Hermon Collection of Native American Art at the University of Delaware Art Gallery. Her untitled wall hanging (1973), one of her largest art works, is in the main lobby (foyer) of the 907:

discussing Winnipeg's $ 65-million centre that will house the world's largest collection of Inuit art. In it, they reference the important role printmaking played, especially for female artists like Oonark,

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In her 1984 essay entitled "Christianity and Inuit Art" and in the 1986 "Jessie Oonark, A Retrospective", Blodgett noted how Oonark blended traditional Inuit clothing and symbols with Christian motifs.

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which including first-generation artist Jessie Oonark and the distinctive drawings of four of her children: Janet Kigusiuq, Victoria Mamnguqsualuk, Nancy Pukingrnak, and William Noah among many others.

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Nasby, Judith; Noah, William; Jackson, Marion E.; Millar, Peter (1998), "Qamanittuaq (Where the River Widens): Drawings by Baker Lake Artists From the Collection of the Macdonald Stewart Art Centre",

432:(RCMP) conducted a census of Inuit populations. They assigned the infamous identification numbering system using discs. These disc numbers were dropped during "Operation Surname" in the 1960s. 348:—Utkuhiksalingmiut oral history and legends were strongly reflected in Jessie's artwork. In later years, in Baker Lake, they became a small minority, and fewer people could speak the language. 1371: 452:

and her daughter Nancy Pukingrnak were starving. William Noah walked from their camp to Baker Lake in March to seek help. They were airlifted by the Canadian armed forces to Baker Lake.

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Von Finckenstein, Maria. "The Art of Survival." Hidden in Plain Sight: Contributions of Aboriginal Peoples to Canadian Identity and Culture. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005.

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Wright, Darlene Coward. Arctic Masterpieces: The Art of Jessie Oonark from the Winnipeg Art Gallery, 1997. Winnipeg and Vancouver: Winnipeg Art Gallery and Garfinkel Publishing, 1996.

764:"It was small and wore a baby caribou-skin hat. They asked me if I wanted to have it. I saw it from a distance and it almost came near me, but I didn't want to have a spirit helper." 2808:

Pool, Annelies. "Making Money or Making Art? Controversy Surrounds Baker Lake's New Jessie Oonark Arts and Crafts Centre to Boost Bottom Line." Up Here 8.3 (June–July 1992): 34–6.

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Boris Kotelewetz, the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs' arts and crafts officer, who arrived in Baker Lake in March 1966, provided Oonark with studio space and a salary.

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Phillips, Ruth B. and Christopher B. Steiner, eds. Unpacking Culture: Art and Commodity in Colonial and Postcolonial. Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1999.

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area when William Noah was still a child and Nancy Pukingrnak was in her early teens and they were still dependent on her. Luke Anguhadluq, camp leader helped her at this time.

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Flynn-Burhoe, Maureen (1995), "Woman in the Centre: a Study of the Symbols of Womanhood in the Work of Jessie Oonark using Interactive Multimedia as a Method of Exploration",

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McMann, Evelyn de Rostaing. Royal Canadian Academy of Arts/Académie royale des arts du Canada: Exhibitions and Members 1880–1979. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1981.

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were recognized quickly as significant figures, receiving solo exhibitions, scholarly attention and professional awards. Rosemary Tovell wrote in the catalogue entitled

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Vaughan, Murray and Marguerite. The Murray and Marguerite Vaughan Inuit Print Collection / Collection d'Estampe inuit. Fredericton: Beaverbrook Art Gallery, 1981.

2765: 2600: 2513: 2463: 2236: 1857: 1806: 1447: 1225: 344:) within the Western Canadian Inuit dialect continuum. Just as it was true for the art of other first-generation Inuit artists from that area—Luke Anguhadluk and 2392:

Beavon, Daniel J.K.; Voyageur, Cora Jane; Newhouse, David (2005), "Hidden in Plain Sight: Contributions of Aboriginal Peoples to Canadian Identity and Culture",

3356: 265:). Her artwork portrays aspects of the traditional hunter-nomadic life that she lived for over five decades, moving from fishing the camp near the mouth of 2354: 1679: 1586: 1275: 3274: 2844:

Wight, Darlene. The Art of Jessie Oonark from the Winnipeg Art Gallery. Winnipeg and Vancouver: Winnipeg Art Gallery and Garfinkel Publications, 1996.

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Hunchuck, S. Holyck et al. Patiently I Sing: Selections from the Tyler/Brooks Collection of Inuit Art. Ottawa: Carleton University Art Gallery, 1994.

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Canadian Arctic Producers. Biographies of Inuit Artists, Volumes One and Two. Ottawa: Canadian Arctic Producers, Arctic Co-operatives Limited, 1984.

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In the 1950s there was a slump in the fox fur trade. Sometime around 1953 and 1954, Kabloonak and her four youngest children died of illness in the

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perception of Inuit art in the larger world – is considerable. She died March 7, 1985, in Churchill, Manitoba. and is buried on Blueberry Hill in

1375: 281:) and caribou skin tents in the summer. Oonark learned early how to prepare skins and sew caribou skin clothing. They subsisted mainly on trout ( 535:

By the time they arrived Oonark was already an accomplished artist. In that year she completed a large appliqué wall hanging which hangs in the

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Winnipeg Art Gallery. Baker Lake, Prints & Print-Drawings 1970–1976: 27 February to 17 April 1983. Winnipeg: Winnipeg Art Gallery, 1982.

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Fernstrom, Katharine and Anita Jones. Northern Lights: Inuit Textile Art from the Canadian Arctic. Baltimore: Baltimore Museum of Art, 1993.

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Upstairs Gallery. Jessie Oonark R.C.A., O.C.: Retrospective 1970–1985: Prints, Drawings, Wall Hangings. Winnipeg: Upstairs Gallery, 1986.

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Rivera, Raquel. Arctic Adventures: Tales from the Lives of Inuit Artists. Unknown: Groundwood Books and House of Anansi Press, 2007.

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Museum of Man, Nat'l Arts Centre, Can. Arctic Producers Ltd. Oonark and Pangnark. Ottawa: Canadian Arctic Producers Limited, 1970.

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She no longer participated in the drum dance either but she depicted images of the drum dance for example in "Drum Dance" (1970).

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Art Bank (Ottawa, ON), Canadian Catholic Conference Art Collection (Ottawa, ON), Canadian Guild of Crafts Quebec (Montreal, QC),

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on Japanese wove paper. These include the chop for Oonark and Sanavik. In the same year, Oonark received a travel grant from the

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on his head. Oonark's father—Aglaquarq—used his shamanic powers infrequently but Oonark vividly remembered his helping spirit—

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Zuk, W. M. Art First Nations: Tradition and Innovation, Arctic. Montreal and Champlain, New York: Art Image Productions, 1992.

1487:"Qamanittuaq (Where the River Widens): Drawings by Baker Lake Artists From the Collection of the Macdonald Stewart Art Centre" 2731:

Volume=1–8 by Colin S. MacDonald, and volume 9 by Anne Newlands and Judith Parker) Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 2009.

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Everett, Deborah & Zorn, Elayne. Encyclopedia of Native American Artists. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2008.

1040: 1036: 641:. By 1987 Oonark already has had eleven solo exhibitions and more than fifty national and international group exhibitions. 1073: 984: 1008: 2776: 2611: 2524: 2474: 2247: 1868: 1817: 1458: 1236: 1928: 1000: 987:(Brown University, Bristol, Rhode Island), Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery (Kitchener, ON), Klamer Family Collection, 940: 900: 2484:

Cadorette, Jeanne. "Le Musée des Beaux-Arts Double la Collection d'Art Inuit." Le Droit (Montreal) 27 February 1993.

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The Baker Lake Sanavik Co-operative was incorporated in 1971. The print-makers who rendered Oonark's drawings into

1035:(Calgary, AB), Simon Fraser Gallery, Simon Fraser University (Burnaby, BC), University of Alberta (Edmonton, AB), 3336: 2146: 968: 944: 916:, who gravitated towards visual arts, while men focused on stone-carving which required more physical strength. 3326: 2490:

Carson, Jo. "Toronto Atmosphere Offends the Artist from Baker Lake." Globe and Mail (Toronto) 3 April 1971: 13.

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was featured on the cover of the catalogue. Later that year, an Oonark wall hanging was commissioned by the

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Geotz (1985), "The role of the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs in the development of Inuit art",

992: 936: 923:, Victoria Mamnguqsualuq Kayuryuk, Josiah Nuilalik, Nancy Pukirniq, Miriam Qiyuq, Peggy, Mary Yussipik and 645: 367:

Oonark was married at a young age to Qabluunaq, (Kabloona, Kabloonak) the son of Naatak and Nanuqluq from

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Baele, Nancy (6 May 1991), "Artists Come South for New Ideas: Inuit Carvers Learn Marketing, Techniques",

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Benivolski, Xenia (May 2022). "Review of Toronto Biennial of Art: What Water Knows, The Land Remembers".

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Heller, Jules and Nancy. North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century. New York: Garland, 1995.

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Conjuring Birds (1979) but also as a harbinger of spring and itself a symbol of fecundity and rebirth."

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known as a textile artist, whose wool and felt wall-hangings reveal her as a master of color and form.

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Upstairs Gallery. Jessie Oonark: Wall Hangings and Selected Prints. Winnipeg: Upstairs Gallery, 1983.

2766:"The Storyteller's Hand: Canadian Inuit Drawings from the Collection of Frederick and Lucy S. Herman" 2237:"The Storyteller's Hand: Canadian Inuit Drawings from the Collection of Frederick and Lucy S. Herman" 1149: 479: 2497:

Driscoll, Bernadette (Fall 1984), "Tattoos, Hairsticks and Ulus: The Graphic Art of Jessie Oonark",

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Driscoll, Bernadette (Fall 1984), "Tattoos, Hairsticks and Ulus: The Graphic Art of Jessie Oonark",

1923:, North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century: A Biographical Dictionary, pp. 420–1, 736:. Aglaquarq used his shamanic powers infrequently but Oonark vividly remembered his helping spirit— 3366: 1735: 489:

Edith Dodds, the wife of the Northern Service Officer, Sam Dodds, sent six of Oonark's drawings to

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Eber, Dorothy Harley. "Recording the Spirit World." Natural History 111.7 (September 2002): 54–62.

2008:

Bronstein, Noa (2022). "Double Vision:Jessie Oonark, Janet Kigusiuq, and Victoria Mamnguqsualuk".

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Jackson, Marion E. (April 1983), "Transcripts of interviews with Jessie Oonark and her Children",

827:(1961) depicts the Back River people. One of her best known works is "Woman" (1970) described as, 2868: 2802:

Parkin, J. "The People from Within: Art from Baker Lake." Art Magazine 7.28 (Summer 1976): 66–75.

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Kritzwiser, Kay. "Bold Prints with Heart and History." Globe and Mail (Toronto) 27 June 1970: 24.

960: 799:(Qiviuk), an Inuk who faced dangerous obstacles in his journeys by kayak, which was described by 490: 410: 393:, was born at Putuqsuqniq in the Back River area in 1926. She had eleven more children including 1575:

Bell was Liaison Officer, Man in the North Project, The Arctic Institute of North America (AINA)

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mounted a retrospective of her work with a major touring exhibition and catalogue both entitled

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fine art prints included Thomas Sivuraq. The printing technique in Baker Lake included colour

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Miller, Frank L. "Andrew Hall MacPherson (1932–2002)." Arctic 55. 4 (December 2002): 403–6.

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in Ottawa organized a touring exhibition of 50 of Oonark's drawings and works by sculptor

8: 2822:, Ottawa and New Haven, Connecticut: National Gallery of Canada and Yale University Press 2549: 2402: 1613: 1545: 1061: 996: 97: 2710:

Baker Lake Inuit drawings : a study in the evolution of artistic self-consciousness

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Baker Lake Inuit drawings : a study in the evolution of artistic self-consciousness

3152: 2658: 2327:"Knockout (Jessie) Oonark Show Opens National Gallery's Expanded Space for Inuit Art", 1984:

Blodgett, Jean (1979), "The Coming and Going of the Shaman: Eskimo Shamanism and Art",

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In the first generation of Inuit artists working in printmaking, Oonark, together with

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Withers, Josephine. "Inuit Women Artists." Feminist Studies 10.1 (Spring 1984): 85–96.

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Crandall, Richard C. Inuit Art: A History. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, 2000.

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Souchotte, Sandra. "Jessie Oonark: Giver of Life." Uphere 1.4 (June–July 1984): 20–4.

2650: 2587: 1989: 1924: 1305: 1024: 1015:, University of British Columbia (Vancouver, BC), National Arts Centre (Ottawa, ON), 884: 465:(the people who only come in to trade) and considered them to be socially backwards. 345: 248: 236: 205: 2708: 2662: 2631:"Shape-Shifting and Other Points of Convergence: Inuit Art and Digital Technologies" 2508:

Endrst, Elsa B. "The Art of Attracting Fine Art." UN Chronicle 30.2 (June 1993): 74.

1968: 1945:"Shape-Shifting and Other Points of Convergence: Inuit Art and Digital Technologies" 1494: 1419: 531:, artist, academic, collector of Inuit art, author of the influential book entitled 3061: 2905: 2814:

Rochon, Lisa. "A Bright Northern Light." Globe and Mail (Toronto) 4 July 1987: C15.

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Gale, Thomson. Jessie Oonark: Drawings, Textiles. place unknown: Gale Group, 1998.

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SERNNoCA Researcher in coordination with Dr. Ian McPherson, University of Victoria

1893:"'Great, famous, rare, iconic': Kenojuak Ashevak print nets record-breaking price" 1602:

SERNNoCA Researcher in coordination with Dr. Ian McPherson, University of Victoria

1135:, no. NC 114 B32 o66 1984, translated by William Noah, Baker Lake, p. 39 627: 577: 546:

In 1970, the first Baker Lake Print Collection was released and exhibited at the

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whose wall hangings, prints and drawings are in major collections including the

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Blodgett, Jean; Bouchard, Marie (1986), "Jessie Oonark, A Retrospective",

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Blodgett, Jean; Bouchard, Marie (1986), "Jessie Oonark, A Retrospective",

1306:"Inuit Women and Graphic Arts: Female Creativity and its Cultural Context" 527:

were recruited as the new DIAND arts and crafts officers on the advice of

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Bouchard, Marie (2001), "Power of Thought: The Prints of Jessie Oonark",

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In 1994, Bernadette Driscoll-Ellgelstad, curated the exhibition entitled

561:. It toured major galleries in Canada for eight months. Later that year, 540: 494: 425: 286: 2568: 2421: 1632: 1564: 1485:

Nasby, Judith; Noah, William; Jackson, Marion E.; Millar, Peter (1998),

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Berlo, Janet Catherine (1995), Heller, Jules; Heller, Nancy G. (eds.),

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Jessie Oonark's verbal descriptions of her own work are often cryptic,

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Christianity, Syncretism, and Inuit Art in the Central Canadian Arctic

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Qamanittuaq (Where the River Widens): Drawings by Baker Lake Artists

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as the most widely known Inuit legend in the circumpolar region.

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biologist, Dr. Andrew Macpherson, who was in Baker Lake studying

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Furneaux, Patrick; Rosshandler, Leo (1974), Roch, Ernst (ed.),

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acclaim and made her one of Canada's best known Inuit artists.

315: 309: 200:; 2 March 1906 – 7 March 1985) was a prolific and influential 1446:

Fisher, Kyra Vkuiykov (Fall 2007), Mitchell, Marybelle (ed.),

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by the Canadian federal government— E2-384. In the 1940s, the

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Commercial internet-based Inuit and First Nations art gallery

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Oonark's father Aglaguaq and her grandfather were said to be

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Inuit Art Centre to Reveal Beauty of the North in the South"

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Jessie Oonark: Treasures of the National Gallery of Canada.

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also appears in her print "Untitled (Yellow fish)" (1977).

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residents "derisively referred to the Back River people as

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No Signs of Slowing Economy in Blockbuster Inuit Art Sale.

2300:. The University of Lethbridge Art Gallery. Archived from 2246:, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 22–23, archived from 2165:

Blodgett, Jean (Fall 1984), "Christianity and Inuit Art",

1816:, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1, 3–4, archived from 1398:"Canadian Institute for research on linguistic minorities" 273:

in the Honoraru area to their caribou hunting camp in the

813: 299: 1673: 1671: 2473:, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 4–5, archived from 1955:(3), London, UK: Art Libraries Society (ARLIS): 38–41, 1526:

Baele, Nancy. "Solo show at new galleries a knockout".

1235:, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 4–5, archived from 2793: 2391: 1484: 2439:, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 16–19, 22, 24, 26 2181:

Blodgett, Jean (1988). "Christianity and Inuit Art".

2158: 1936: 1668: 658:

Northern Lights: Inuit Textile Art from Arctic Canada

648:

presented a major exhibition with catalogue entitled

2455:

Marsh Art Gallery and University of Richmond Museums

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Oonark's work is in major collections including the

2105: 1855: 1185: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1167: 1106: 1104: 1102: 1100: 1098: 1096: 1094: 1092: 1090: 1088: 2741:Canadian Encyclopedia Online. Historica Foundation 1834: 1742:. National Gallery of Canada, Library and Archives 959:, Art Gallery of York University (Downsview, ON), 878: 700: 613:, was featured on the cover of their publication, 508:In 1961, William Larmour, crafts officer with the 2829:Tippett, Maria. By a Lady. Toronto: Viking, 1992. 1428: 3303: 2443: 2435:Berlo, Janet (1990), "The Power of the Pencil", 2356:The History of Baker Lake (Sanavik) Co-operative 1840: 1798: 1588:The History of Baker Lake (Sanavik) Co-operative 1164: 1085: 619:In May 1975, Oonark was elected a Member of the 145:Qabluunaq, (Kabloona) son of Naatak and Nanuqluq 2154:(Thesis). Ottawa, Ontario: Carleton University. 1856:Driscoll-Ellgelstad, Bernadette (Summer 1994), 421:, Isumataq, Qaqurialuq, Amarouk, and Makitgag. 2140: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2132: 1493:, Exhibition catalogue, Guelph, archived from 3357:Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts 2876: 2289: 2114: 2099: 2059: 1845:, Exhibition catalogue, Winnipeg, p. 148 1510:Canadian Inuit Art Information Centre (DIAND) 2675: 2628: 2598: 2581: 2298:"Artist profile: Jessie Oonark (Baker Lake)" 1942: 1645: 1539: 1537: 1480: 1478: 1411: 1027:, Mount Allison University (Sackville, NB), 137:Contemporary (post-1949) period of Inuit art 2189: 2129: 1979: 1977: 1605: 1501: 782:Shape-shifting was a popular theme seen in 2883: 2869: 2228: 2088:, vol. 17, no. 64, pp. 1–13 2050: 1910: 1780: 1578: 1329: 896:world's attention came to the community." 565:featured Inuit artists such as Oonark and 64: 2817: 2501:, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 13–20 2125:, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 13–20 2007: 1867:, vol. 9, no. 2, archived from 1789:I Breathe a New Song: Poems of the Eskimo 1766:Canadian Women Artists History Initiative 1677: 1534: 1475: 1330:Dyck, Carrie J.; Briggs, Jean L. (2005), 1323: 510:Department of Indian and Northern Affairs 2496: 2461: 2452: 2344:"Order of Canada to Peterson, Gretzky", 2295: 2180: 2164: 2120: 1983: 1974: 1849: 1521: 1519: 1223: 1029:Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre 691: 626:In 1984, she was made an Officer of the 2706: 2511: 1804: 1651: 1417: 1299: 1297: 1130: 869:Oonark interviewed by Mame Jackson 1983 260:the people of the place where there is 14: 3304: 2547: 2195: 2144: 1611: 1512:, Unpublished manuscript, Hull, Quebec 1445: 1276:"MDMD: ghost twins: Franklin, Kennedy" 2864: 2763: 2734: 2724: 2599:Flynn-Burhoe, Maureen (Summer 1999), 2434: 2382: 2352: 2331:, Montreal, p. K5, 24 April 1993 2234: 1988:, Exhibition catalogue, p. 246, 1916: 1786: 1754: 1584: 1516: 1507: 1303: 1144: 1142: 806: 789: 3392:Inuit from the Northwest Territories 2601:"Jessie Oonark: Woman in the Centre" 2400: 2079: 2073: 2065: 1543: 1294: 1041:Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies 1037:University of Lethbridge Art Gallery 424:In the 1940s, Oonark was assigned a 323: 277:area, living in winter snow houses ( 3372:20th-century Canadian women artists 1612:Fisher, Kyra Vladykov (June 1997), 1074:Notable Aboriginal people of Canada 985:Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology 823:were recurring themes in her work. 569:in solo exhibitions in 1970 in the 493:at the West Baffin Co-operative in 24: 2890: 2727:The Dictionary of Canadian Artists 2707:Jackson, Marion Elizabeth (1985). 2698:"Jessie Oonark, RCA (1906–1985)", 2401:Bell, Elizabeth (September 1971), 2374:"Jessie Oonark: A Retrospective", 2348:, Toronto, p. 4, 30 June 1984 2339:, Canada NewsWire, 6 November 2001 2080:Boas, Franz (January–March 1904), 1702: 1544:Bell, Elizabeth (September 1971), 1424:(PhD). The University of Michigan. 1418:Jackson, Marion Elizabeth (1985). 1374:. virtualmuseum.ca. Archived from 1313:Canadian Journal of Native Studies 1254:"Hayes River Above Chantrey Inlet" 1139: 539:Legislative Assembly's Chamber in 472: 25: 3408: 3382:20th-century Canadian printmakers 2145:Gibson, Jennifer (January 1998). 1525: 1001:McMichael Canadian Art Collection 2550:"Baker Lake Printmaking Revival" 2448:, Exhibition catalogue, Winnipeg 2086:The Journal of American Folklore 1614:"Baker Lake Printmaking Revival" 1372:"Tuhaalruuqtut Ancestral Sounds" 1009:Museé des beaux-arts de Montreal 499:Inland Eskimo Woman/Eskimo Woman 384:Janet Kigusiuq to Marie Bouchard 247:)—the traditional lands of the 231:) area, near the estuary of the 3347:Officers of the Order of Canada 2512:Enright, Robert (Winter 1987), 2462:Bouchard, Marie (Winter 1987), 2264: 2203: 2174: 2044: 2018: 2001: 1885: 1805:Enright, Robert (Winter 1987), 1728: 1686:, Vancouver, BC, archived from 1224:Bouchard, Marie (Winter 1987), 969:Canadian Museum of Civilization 945:Art Gallery of Greater Victoria 879:Oonark's influence on Inuit art 854: 769:Jessie Oonark in Bouochard 1987 701:Visual puns or ambiguous images 297:. The knife used by women, the 3387:Canadian women textile artists 2798:, Exhibition catalogue, Guelph 2676:Flynn-Burhoe, Maureen (1998), 2629:Flynn-Burhoe, Maureen (1999), 2353:Alsop, Jennifer (1 May 2010), 1943:Flynn-Burhoe, Maureen (1999), 1585:Alsop, Jennifer (1 May 2010), 1390: 1364: 1268: 1246: 930: 639:Jessie Oonark: a Retrospective 621:Royal Canadian Academy of Arts 218: 13: 1: 2319: 2185:. Winnipeg: Watson and Dwyer. 2169:, vol. 3, pp. 16–25 2082:"The Folk-Lore of the Eskimo" 1054: 903:released an article titled, " 836:Furneaux and Rosshandler 1974 811:The knife used by women, the 774: 611:University of Western Ontario 455: 442: 430:Royal Canadian Mounted Police 2796:Macdonald Stewart Art Centre 2586:(Masters Canadian Studies), 2563:(2), Baker Lake, NU: 192–6, 2403:"Eskimo Art is for Kabloona" 1787:Lewis, Richard, ed. (1971), 1740:Inuit Artists Print Database 1680:"Jessie Oonark (Una, Unaaq)" 1627:(2), Baker Lake, NU: 192–6, 1546:"Eskimo Art is for Kabloona" 1491:Macdonald Stewart Art Centre 1152:. National Gallery of Canada 1079: 999:Art Gallery (Hamilton, ON), 993:Macdonald Stewart Art Centre 937:Agnes Etherington Art Centre 727: 646:Macdonald Stewart Art Centre 351: 328:She was a fluent speaker of 223:She was born in 1906 in the 7: 2764:Nasby, Judith (Fall 2001), 2394:University of Toronto Press 2235:Nasby, Judith (Fall 2001), 1448:"Janet Kigusiuq Uqayuittuq" 1278:. osdir.com. Archived from 1067: 10: 3413: 2735:Marsh, James, ed. (2009). 2715:The University of Michigan 2700:Inuit Gallery of Vancouver 2548:Fisher, Kyra (June 1997), 2514:"The Art of Jessie Oonark" 2108:Arts of the Eskimo: Prints 2026:"ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᔪᒻᒪᕆᒃ Double Vision" 1807:"The Art of Jessie Oonark" 1017:National Gallery of Canada 949:Art Gallery of Nova Scotia 899:On September 4, 2016, the 667:Walker's Fine Art Auctions 594:Canada Council of the Arts 213:National Gallery of Canada 3291:Sun and Moon (Inuit myth) 3283: 3247: 3216: 3105: 2999: 2898: 2818:Routledge, Marie (2003), 2647:10.1017/S0307472200019623 2296:Lindeman, Lenore (1999). 2196:Tovell, Rosemary (1985), 1961:10.1017/S0307472200019623 1678:Griffiths, Simon (2005), 722:Oonark in Jackson 1983:39 480:Canadian Wildlife Service 305:traditional skin clothing 149: 141: 133: 116: 104: 86: 72: 63: 52: 34: 2272:"Jessie Oonark Tapestry" 1792:With an introduction by 1652:Swinton, George (1972), 1133:Inuit Art Section, DIAND 841: 672: 533:Sculpture of the Eskimo. 2183:Inuit Art: An Anthology 1654:Sculpture of the Eskimo 1033:Shell Canada Collection 961:Beaverbrook Art Gallery 615:The Business Quarterly. 491:James Archibald Houston 3337:People from Baker Lake 2376:Art Gallery of Windsor 2198:Baker Lake Prints 1985 2066:Driscoll, Bernadette, 2030:Art Gallery of Ontario 1768:. Concordia University 1716:. Hamlet of Baker Lake 1662:McClelland and Stewart 1013:Museum of Anthropology 989:Art Gallery of Ontario 957:Art Gallery of Windsor 953:Art Gallery of Ontario 893:Baker Lake Prints 1985 872: 839: 817:, their clothing, the 772: 725: 689: 555:National Museum of Man 548:Art Gallery of Alberta 497:. Two of her drawings— 399:Victoria Mamnguqsualuq 389:Their first daughter, 387: 159:Victoria Mamnguqsualuq 18:Mary Yuusipik Singaqti 3327:Inuit textile artists 3106:Creatures and spirits 2635:Art Libraries Journal 2595:OCLC Number=290449906 1949:Art Libraries Journal 1684:ABoriginArt Galleries 1304:Berlo, Janet (1989), 862: 829: 762: 715: 692:Themes in her artwork 685:Janet Catherine Berlo 676: 571:Isaacs Innuit Gallery 537:Northwest Territories 377: 360:The Danish explorer, 295:barren-ground caribou 241:Northwest Territories 3362:Canadian printmakers 3352:Artists from Nunavut 3342:Canadian Inuit women 2725:MacDonald, Colin S. 2521:Inuit Arts Quarterly 2471:Inuit Arts Quarterly 2464:"Old Master: Oonark" 2457:, Richmond, Virginia 2446:Winnipeg Art Gallery 2276:National Arts Centre 2011:Esse arts + opinions 1986:Winnipeg Art Gallery 1843:Winnipeg Art Gallery 1814:Inuit Arts Quarterly 1339:Études/Inuit/Studies 1233:Inuit Arts Quarterly 1226:"Old Master: Oonark" 1049:National Arts Centre 1045:Winnipeg Art Gallery 1043:(Banff, AB) and the 1021:New Brunswick Museum 977:Edmonton Art Gallery 973:Dennos Museum Center 825:People of the Inland 635:Winnipeg Art Gallery 607:Ivey Business School 2773:Inuit Art Quarterly 2608:Inuit Art Quarterly 2584:Carleton University 2569:10.14430/arctic1100 2437:Inuit Art Quarterly 2422:10.14430/arctic3129 2244:Inuit Art Quarterly 1865:Inuit Art Quarterly 1633:10.14430/arctic1100 1565:10.14430/arctic3129 1455:Inuit Art Quarterly 1031:(Yellowknife, NT), 1007:, (Saskatoon, SK), 997:McMaster University 963:(Fredericton, NB), 332:, a sub dialect of 98:Churchill, Manitoba 3322:Inuit illustrators 2782:on 10 January 2016 2617:on 10 January 2016 2530:on 13 January 2015 2480:on 13 January 2015 2253:on 10 January 2016 2171:ASTIS record 15820 1874:on 13 January 2015 1858:"A Woman's Vision" 1823:on 13 January 2015 1690:on 15 January 2015 1530:. Ottawa, Ontario. 1497:on 13 January 2015 1464:on 12 January 2015 1360:on 10 January 2015 1242:on 13 January 2015 1039:(Lethbridge, AB), 1023:(Saint John, NB), 1005:Mendel Art Gallery 941:Queen's University 919:All her children, 807:Clothing and tools 790:Inuit storytelling 3377:Women printmakers 3332:Inuit printmakers 3299: 3298: 3248:Objects and terms 2702:, Vancouver, 1994 2684:, Ottawa, Ontario 1025:Owens Art Gallery 885:Pitseolak Ashoona 751:The People Within 397:, Mamnguqsualuq, 324:Utkuhikhalingmiut 249:Utkuhiksalingmiut 237:Keewatin District 209:Utkuhiksalingmiut 206:Utkuhiksalingmiut 181: 180: 16:(Redirected from 3404: 2885: 2878: 2871: 2862: 2861: 2823: 2799: 2790: 2789: 2787: 2781: 2770: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2730: 2718: 2703: 2685: 2672: 2671: 2669: 2625: 2624: 2622: 2616: 2605: 2594: 2578: 2577: 2575: 2554: 2538: 2537: 2535: 2529: 2518: 2502: 2481: 2479: 2468: 2458: 2449: 2440: 2431: 2430: 2428: 2407: 2397: 2388: 2379: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2361: 2349: 2340: 2332: 2314: 2313: 2311: 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1406: 1404: 1394: 1388: 1387: 1385: 1383: 1368: 1362: 1361: 1359: 1353:, archived from 1351:10.7202/013947ar 1345:(1–2): 307–340, 1336: 1327: 1321: 1320: 1310: 1301: 1292: 1291: 1289: 1287: 1272: 1266: 1265: 1263: 1261: 1250: 1244: 1243: 1241: 1230: 1221: 1162: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1146: 1137: 1136: 1128: 1011:(Montreal, QC), 1003:(Kleinburg, ON) 979:(Edmonton, AB), 947:(Victoria, BC), 910:Kenojuak Ashevak 870: 837: 770: 723: 687: 395:Joshuan Nuilaliq 385: 195: 155:Joshuan Nuilaliq 119: 93: 68: 47: 32: 31: 21: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3401: 3367:Inuit mythology 3302: 3301: 3300: 3295: 3279: 3243: 3212: 3101: 2995: 2894: 2889: 2859: 2785: 2783: 2779: 2768: 2745: 2743: 2737:"Jessie Oonark" 2697: 2667: 2665: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2603: 2573: 2571: 2552: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2516: 2477: 2466: 2426: 2424: 2405: 2378:, Windsor, 1987 2373: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2343: 2335: 2326: 2322: 2317: 2307: 2305: 2294: 2290: 2281: 2279: 2270: 2269: 2265: 2256: 2254: 2250: 2239: 2233: 2229: 2219: 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951:(Halifax, NS), 933: 881: 871: 868: 857: 844: 838: 835: 809: 792: 777: 771: 768: 730: 724: 721: 703: 694: 688: 683: 675: 628:Order of Canada 578:limited edition 475: 473:Artistic career 458: 445: 415:Nancy Pukingnaq 411:Peggy Gabluunaq 403:Miriam Nanuqluq 386: 383: 354: 334:Natsilingmiutut 326: 256:Utkukhalingmiut 252:Utkukhalingmiut 221: 187: 176: 174: 172: 170: 168: 167:Nancy Pukingnaq 166: 165:Peggy Gabluunaq 164: 162: 161:Miriam Nanuqluq 160: 158: 156: 154: 126: 117: 112:, fabric artist 100: 95: 91: 82: 77: 56: 48: 39: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3410: 3400: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3297: 3296: 3294: 3293: 3287: 3285: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3251: 3249: 3245: 3244: 3242: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3220: 3218: 3214: 3213: 3211: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3198:The Goose Wife 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3148:Idlirvirissong 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 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567:Karoo Ashevak 564: 560: 559:John Pangnark 556: 553:In 1970, the 551: 549: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 525:Sheila Butler 522: 517: 514: 511: 506: 504: 500: 496: 492: 487: 485: 481: 470: 466: 464: 453: 450: 440: 438: 433: 431: 427: 422: 420: 416: 412: 408: 407:Mary Yuusipik 404: 400: 396: 392: 380: 376: 374: 370: 365: 363: 358: 349: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 321: 318: 317: 312: 311: 306: 302: 301: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 263: 257: 253: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 216: 214: 210: 207: 203: 199: 194: 190: 185: 184:Jessie Oonark 163:Mary Yuusipik 157:Mamnguqsualuq 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 129: 124: 121: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 89: 85: 81: 75: 71: 67: 62: 59: 55: 51: 46: 42: 36:Jessie Oonark 33: 30: 19: 3183:Qallupilluit 3072:Tarqiup Inua 2981:Qailertetang 2819: 2795: 2784:, retrieved 2777:the original 2772: 2744:. Retrieved 2740: 2726: 2714: 2709: 2699: 2681: 2666:, retrieved 2641:(3): 38–41, 2638: 2634: 2619:, retrieved 2612:the original 2607: 2583: 2572:, retrieved 2560: 2556: 2532:, retrieved 2525:the original 2520: 2498: 2475:the original 2470: 2454: 2445: 2436: 2425:, retrieved 2413: 2409: 2393: 2387:, p. B5 2384: 2375: 2363:, retrieved 2355: 2345: 2336: 2328: 2306:. Retrieved 2302:the original 2291: 2280:, retrieved 2275: 2266: 2255:, retrieved 2248:the original 2243: 2230: 2218:. Retrieved 2214: 2205: 2197: 2191: 2182: 2176: 2166: 2160: 2147: 2122: 2116: 2107: 2101: 2090:, retrieved 2085: 2075: 2067: 2061: 2052: 2046: 2034:. Retrieved 2029: 2020: 2009: 2003: 1985: 1952: 1948: 1938: 1919: 1912: 1900:. Retrieved 1896: 1887: 1876:, retrieved 1869:the original 1864: 1851: 1842: 1836: 1825:, retrieved 1818:the original 1813: 1800: 1788: 1782: 1770:. Retrieved 1765: 1756: 1744:. Retrieved 1739: 1730: 1718:. Retrieved 1713: 1704: 1692:, retrieved 1688:the original 1683: 1653: 1647: 1636:, retrieved 1624: 1620: 1607: 1595:, retrieved 1587: 1580: 1568:, retrieved 1556: 1552: 1527: 1509: 1503: 1495:the original 1490: 1466:, retrieved 1459:the original 1454: 1420: 1413: 1401:. Retrieved 1392: 1380:. Retrieved 1376:the original 1366: 1355:the original 1342: 1338: 1325: 1319:(2): 293–315 1316: 1312: 1284:. Retrieved 1280:the original 1270: 1258:. Retrieved 1248: 1237:the original 1232: 1154:. Retrieved 1132: 1058: 934: 925:William Noah 918: 914:Helen Kalvak 904: 898: 892: 882: 873: 863: 858: 855:Christianity 845: 830: 824: 818: 812: 810: 793: 783: 781: 778: 763: 758: 755: 750: 746: 742: 737: 731: 716: 712: 708: 704: 695: 677: 663: 657: 655: 649: 643: 638: 632: 625: 618: 614: 603:Young Woman, 602: 599: 575: 563:Avrom Isaacs 552: 545: 532: 518: 515: 507: 502: 498: 488: 476: 467: 462: 459: 446: 434: 423: 419:William Noah 388: 378: 372: 366: 359: 355: 341: 330:Utkuhiksalik 327: 314: 308: 298: 259: 255: 251: 228: 222: 208: 197: 183: 182: 169:William Noah 127: 122: 118:Notable work 92:(1985-03-07) 90:7 March 1985 76:2 March 1906 57: 53: 29: 3317:1985 deaths 3312:1906 births 3255:i'noGo tied 3037:Eeyeekalduk 2976:Pukkeenegak 2921:Arnakuagsak 2682:Women'space 2053:Art Monthly 1382:29 December 1051:in Ottawa. 931:Collections 749:(1970) and 669:in Ottawa. 541:Yellowknife 495:Cape Dorset 447:The annual 426:disc number 287:Arctic char 219:Early years 27:Inuk artist 3306:Categories 3270:Silap Inua 3234:Atanarjuat 3188:Saumen Kar 3097:Tuluŋigraq 3087:Torngarsuk 3067:Silap Inua 3007:Aipaloovik 2786:10 January 2746:10 January 2668:10 January 2621:10 January 2574:14 January 2534:12 January 2427:12 January 2365:10 January 2320:References 2282:10 January 2278:, May 2013 2257:10 January 2092:12 January 1995:0889150680 1878:10 January 1827:12 January 1710:"The Arts" 1694:14 January 1638:14 January 1597:10 January 1570:12 January 1468:12 January 1286:22 January 1260:22 January 1062:Baker Lake 1055:Later life 801:Franz Boas 784:Day Spirit 775:Drum Dance 590:lithograph 484:Arctic fox 463:qangmaliqs 456:Baker Lake 443:Starvation 437:Garry Lake 369:Gjoa Haven 336:spoken by 283:lake trout 275:Garry Lake 267:Back River 233:Back River 229:Tariunnuaq 173:Qaqurialuq 3229:Apanuugak 3193:Tariaksuq 3168:Kigatilik 3128:Ahkiyyini 3057:Nootaikok 2899:Goddesses 2655:0307-4722 2592:290449906 2396:, Toronto 2308:3 October 2036:5 October 1772:15 August 1746:15 August 1720:15 August 1403:1 January 1256:. uhn.edu 1156:15 August 1080:Citations 728:Shamanism 582:stonecuts 519:In 1969, 352:Biography 291:whitefish 262:soapstone 142:Spouse(s) 128:Big Woman 3224:Angakkuq 3203:Tizheruk 3123:Agloolik 3092:Tulugaak 3052:Negafook 3042:Ignirtoq 3027:Aulanerk 2966:Nuliajuk 2956:Nerrivik 2663:63946770 2215:CBC News 1969:63946770 1897:CBC News 1736:"Shaman" 1068:See also 889:Kenojuak 867:— 849:Angagkok 834:— 786:(1970). 767:— 753:(1970). 745:(1970), 720:— 682:— 382:— 342:Natsilik 338:Netsilik 303:, their 177:Makitgag 171:Isumataq 150:Children 134:Movement 3265:Kikituk 3208:Tupilaq 3158:Ishigaq 3153:Ijirait 3118:Adlivun 3047:Issitoq 3032:Aumanil 3012:Alignak 2991:Tootega 2961:Nujalik 2936:Ataksak 2329:Gazette 2220:4 March 1902:4 March 1658:Toronto 734:shamans 601:print, 586:stencil 449:caribou 245:Nunavut 239:of the 235:in the 198:ᔨᐊᓯ ᐅᓈᖅ 175:Amarouk 125:(1970) 3239:Kiviuq 3217:People 3178:Qiqirn 3173:Nanook 3163:Keelut 3143:Atshen 3138:Amarok 3133:Akhlut 3082:Tornat 3022:Anguta 3017:Amaguq 2916:Akycha 2717:(PhD). 2661: 2653: 2590: 2557:Arctic 2410:Arctic 2167:Beaver 2055:(456). 2032:. 2022 2014:(106). 1992: 1967: 1927: 1621:Arctic 1553:Arctic 820:amauti 797:Kiviuq 747:Shaman 316:amauti 313:, the 307:, the 293:, and 279:igloos 108:Inuit 3284:Tales 3113:Adlet 2986:Sedna 2971:Pinga 2951:Kadlu 2931:Asiaq 2780:(PDF) 2769:(PDF) 2659:S2CID 2615:(PDF) 2604:(PDF) 2553:(PDF) 2528:(PDF) 2517:(PDF) 2478:(PDF) 2467:(PDF) 2406:(PDF) 2360:(PDF) 2251:(PDF) 2240:(PDF) 2152:(PDF) 1965:S2CID 1872:(PDF) 1861:(PDF) 1821:(PDF) 1810:(PDF) 1617:(PDF) 1592:(PDF) 1549:(PDF) 1462:(PDF) 1451:(PDF) 1358:(PDF) 1335:(PDF) 1309:(PDF) 1240:(PDF) 1229:(PDF) 842:Birds 673:Style 373:patek 310:kamik 243:(now 191: 123:Woman 58:Unaaq 43: 3275:Nuna 3260:Inua 3062:Pana 3000:Gods 2911:Akna 2788:2015 2748:2015 2670:2015 2651:ISSN 2623:2015 2588:OCLC 2576:2015 2536:2015 2429:2015 2367:2015 2310:2009 2284:2015 2259:2015 2222:2017 2094:2014 2038:2023 1990:ISBN 1925:ISBN 1904:2017 1880:2015 1829:2015 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