684:
412:
51:
793:
1141:
665:
underrate the symptoms of men, and are more willing to attribute symptoms and illness to women than men. Women live longer than men in all countries, and across all age groups, for which reliable records exist. In the United States, men are less healthy than women across all social classes. Non-white men are especially unhealthy. Men are over-represented in dangerous occupations and represent a majority of on the job deaths. Further, medical doctors provide men with less service, less advice, and spend less time with men than they do with women per medical encounter.
347:
865:
1096:
486:
4908:
967:
6127:
1021:
4922:
4934:
1087:
power and status. Due to their prominence, men are more likely to be both the objects and instigators of humorous or disparaging content. Fathers are often portrayed in television as either idealized and caring or clumsy and inept. In advertising, men are disproportionately featured in advertisements for alcohol, vehicles, and business products.
1078:, currently only ten countries include women in their conscription programs. Men continue to hold more dangerous jobs than women, even in developed countries. In the United States in 2020, ten times as many men died on the job as women, and a man was ten times more likely to die on the job than a woman.
772:
men may have sex characteristics that do not fit typical notions of male biology. A 2016 systemic review estimated that 0.256% of people self-identify as female-to-male transgender. A 2017 survey of 80,929 Minnesota students found that roughly twice as many female-assigned adolescents self-identified
919:
allows men more rights and privileges than women. In societies where men are not given special legal privileges, they typically hold more positions of power, and men are seen as being taken more seriously in society. This is associated with a "gender-role strain" in which men face increased societal
1111:
Men's clothing typically encompasses a range of garments designed for various occasions, seasons, and styles. Fundamental items of a man's wardrobe include shirts, trousers, suits, and jackets, which are designed to provide both comfort and style while prioritizing functionality. Men's fashion also
1073:
Men have traditionally held jobs that were not available to women. Such jobs tended to be either more strenuous, more prestigious, or more dangerous. Modern men increasingly take untraditional career paths, such as staying home and raising children while their partner works. Modern men tend to work
407:
in many other characteristics, many of which have no direct link to reproductive ability. Humans are sexually dimorphic in body size, body structure, and body composition. Men tend to be taller and heavier than women, and adjusted for height, men tend to have greater lean and bone mass than women,
1086:
Media portrayals of men often replicate traditional understanding of masculinity. Men are portrayed more frequently in television than women and most commonly appear as leads in action and drama programming. Men are typically more active in television programming than women and typically hold more
2422:), p. 401: "Most cultures currently construct their societies based on the understanding of gender binaryâthe two gender categorizations (male and female). Such societies divide their population based on biological sex assigned to individuals at birth to begin the process of gender socialization."
1631:
Irrespective of their chromosomal constitution, when the gonadal primordia differentiate into testes, all internal and external genitalia develop following the male pathway. When no testes are present, the genitalia develop along the female pathway. The existence of ovaries has no effect on fetal
872:
Platonic relationships are not significantly different between men and women, though some differences do exist. Friendships involving men tend to be based more on shared activities than self-disclosure and personal connection. Perceptions of friendship involving men varies among cultures and time
664:
among men, leading to a spike in male mortality rates. This is because such situations often makes it harder for men to provide for their family, a task that has been long regarded as the "essence of masculinity." A retrospective analyses of people infected with the common cold found that doctors
1032:; such men are called fathers. The role of men in the family has shifted considerably in the 20th and 21st centuries, taking on a more active role in raising children in most societies. Men would traditionally marry a woman when raising children, but in modern times many countries now allow for
848:
Standards of manliness or masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. While the outward signs of masculinity look different in different cultures, there are some common aspects to its definition across cultures. In all cultures in the past, and still among traditional and
1159:. Universal education, meaning state-provided primary and secondary education independent of gender, is not yet a global norm, even if it is assumed in most developed countries. In the 21st century, the balance has shifted in many developed nations, and men now lag behind women in education.
1632:
differentiation of the genitalia. The paramount importance of testicular differentiation for fetal sex development has prompted the use of the expression "sex determination" to refer to the differentiation of the bipotential or primitive gonads into testes.
1059:, however, empirical research does not support the notion of a judicial bias against men. Mothers do have custody the majority of the time, but fathers do not seek custody the majority of the time, and custody is settled out of court.
1132:, which are typically intended for informal settings. Cultural and regional traditions often influence men's fashion, resulting in diverse styles and garments that reflect the unique characteristics of different parts of the world.
849:
non-Western cultures, getting married is the most common and definitive distinction between boyhood and manhood. In the late 20th century, some qualities traditionally associated with marriage (such as the "triple Ps" of
3807:
471:) than women. In women, the index and ring fingers tend to be either more similar in size or their index finger is slightly longer than their ring finger, whereas men's ring finger tends to be longer.
829:, some research indicates that some behaviors considered masculine are biologically influenced. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is
4433:
2802:
392:
Primary sex characteristics (or sex organs) are characteristics that are present at birth and are integral to the reproductive process. For men, primary sex characteristics include the
3959:
3508:
Several authors have observed that men's rights groups claim that the family law system and the Family Court are biased against men, despite the lack of supporting empirical research.
3239:
2389:
4084:
Briere, J., Elliot, D. M. (2003). "Prevalence and psychological sequelae of self-reported childhood physical and sexual abuse in a general population sample of men and women".
2835:
3515:
2769:
940:; though his name may have been a title rather than his actual name. The earliest confirmed names are that of Gal-Sal and his two slaves named En-pap X and Sukkalgir, from
1074:
longer than women, which impacts their ability to spend time with their families. Even in modern times, some jobs remain available only to men, such as military service.
4216:
Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I. A., Smith, C. (1990). "Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women: Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors".
4291:
873:
periods. In heterosexual romantic relationships, men are typically expected to take a proactive role, initiate the relationship, plan dates, and propose marriage.
4004:
300:. The Old English form primarily meant "person" or "human being" and referred to men, women, and children alike. The Old English word for "man" as distinct from "
3799:
2977:
1169:, compared to 87% of women. But sub-Saharan Africa, and southwest Asia lagged behind the rest of the world; only 72% of men in sub-Saharan Africa were literate.
636:
While a majority of the global health gender disparities is weighted against women, there are situations in which men tend to fare poorer. One such instance is
4966:
4738:(1751) where in discussing hybrid plants Linnaeus denoted the supposed female parent species by the sign â, the male parent by the sign â, the hybrid by âż: '
3427:
3937:
Study on gender behaviour and its impact on education outcomes (with a special focus on the performance of boys and young men in education): final report
1795:
3699:
1272:. According to Stearn, however, this derivation is "fanciful" and all the historical evidence favours "the conclusion of the French classical scholar
6072:
5958:
467:
Men weigh more than women. On average, men are taller than women by about 10%. On average, men have a larger waist in comparison to their hips (see
5963:
3934:
Directorate-General for
Education, Youth; ECORYS; Staring, François; Donlevy, Vicki; Day, Laurie; Georgallis, Marianna; Broughton, Andrea (2021).
2786:
3309:
3539:
3492:
977:
4649:
1980:
4546:
358:
4716:
3278:
5624:
2488:
3897:
3894:"Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in degree-granting institutions: Selected years, 1869â70 through 2005â06"
3724:
3247:
2912:
2449:
1958:
1915:
1833:
3340:
4959:
3629:
1417:
3362:
Huerta, Maria C.; Adema, Willem; Baxter, Jennifer; Han, Wen-Jui; Lausten, Mette; Lee, RaeHyuck; Waldfogel, Jane (16 December 2014).
5948:
2819:
640:, where men are often the immediate victims. A study of conflicts in 13 countries from 1955 to 2002 found that 81% of all violent
2753:
2188:
698:
Male sexuality and attraction varies between individuals, and a man's sexual behavior can be affected by many factors, including
3668:
3512:
3454:
5943:
2086:
The World Bank (2012). World
Development Report 2012: Gender Equality and Development (Report). Washington, DC: The World Bank.
3165:
3139:
2099:
683:
5672:
4952:
4828:
4068:
4043:
3953:
3865:
3838:
3744:
3576:
3223:
3210:
2971:
2906:
2871:
2829:
2796:
2763:
2730:
2685:
2482:
2443:
2419:
2070:
2029:
1952:
1909:
1875:
1827:
1768:
1737:
1706:
889:
4283:
3871:
2736:
2691:
1451:
385:
gene is typically found on the Y chromosome and causes the development of the testes, which in turn govern other aspects of
5953:
4119:
Dube, S. R., Anda, R. F., Whitfield, C. L. (2005). "Long-term consequences of childhood sexual abuse by gender of victim".
3039:
1618:
4154:
Holmes, W. C., Slap, G. B. (1998). "Sexual abuse of boys: Definition, prevalence, correlates, sequelae, and management".
2106:
1479:
4744:'. In subsequent publications he retained the signs â and â for male and female individuals but discarded âż for hybrids.
4189:
Lisak, D., Hopper, J., Song, P. (1996). "Factors in the cycle of violence: Gender rigidity and emotional constriction".
2881:
2518:
5457:
3996:
2514:
2283:
652:
with aggressive, confrontational behavior. Lastly, sudden and drastic changes in economic environments and the loss of
389:. Sex differentiation in males proceeds in a testes-dependent way while female differentiation is not gonad dependent.
2961:
1044:, and are increasingly so in modern times, though women are three times more likely to be single parents than men. In
5913:
4884:
3078:
1579:
1007:
5539:
3736:
2131:
1901:
1048:
societies, men have typically have been regarded as the "head of household" and held additional social privileges.
644:
deaths were male. Apart from armed conflicts, areas with high incidence of violence, such as regions controlled by
4793:
2619:
Goodman, Michael; Adams, Noah; Corneil, Trevor; Kreukels, Baudewijntje; Motmans, Joz; Coleman, Eli (1 June 2019).
4315:
3419:
1549:
127:
2548:
3004:"Learning to Stand Alone: The Contemporary American Transition to Adulthood in Cultural and Historical Context"
490:
1787:
6062:
5920:
5629:
4027:
3983:
A six-year
Longitudinal Study of Undergraduate Women in Engineering and Science:The Gender and Science Reader
3691:
1204:
648:, also see men experiencing higher mortality rates. This stems from social beliefs that associate ideals of
442:
that distinguish between the sexes, butâunlike the primary sex characteristicsâare not directly part of the
5903:
5760:
5709:
5614:
1228:
627:
266:
5935:
3215:
3204:
1216:
837:, as both males and females can exhibit masculine traits. Men generally face social stigma for embodying
761:
1257:(â) is a common symbol that represents the male sex. The symbol is identical to the planetary symbol of
825:) is the set of personality traits and attributes associated with boys and men. Although masculinity is
411:
6033:
5619:
5529:
5289:
4355:"Female perpetration of violence in heterosexual intimate relationships: adolescence through adulthood"
1182:
830:
5811:
3301:
2620:
1645:
5696:
5665:
5269:
3531:
3477:
1729:
341:
4926:
1219:
seeks to support separated fathers that do not receive equal rights to care for their children. The
896:, for example, greater masculinity usually brings greater social status. Many English words such as
599:
6166:
5908:
5816:
1988:
1698:
1149:
1052:
765:
480:
139:
42:
4641:
4568:
1265:
in 1751. The symbol is sometimes seen as a stylized representation of the shield and spear of the
792:
5925:
5745:
5639:
5161:
4675:
3270:
1075:
699:
17:
3568:
3562:
1867:
6161:
6077:
5868:
5837:
5634:
2621:"Size and Distribution of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Populations: A Narrative Review"
2472:
1692:
198:
3721:
2894:
2433:
2079:
2010:
Clement, Pierre; Giuliano, François (2015). "Anatomy and physiology of genital organs â men".
1938:
1895:
1817:
1754:
1723:
5988:
5790:
5719:
5609:
3893:
3332:
1068:
3070:
656:, in particular social subsidies and food stamps, have also been linked to higher levels of
5832:
5658:
5589:
5564:
5284:
3593:
1413:
1156:
1140:
929:
801:
674:
661:
202:
138:
and a lower body fat composition. Male anatomy is distinguished from female anatomy by the
38:
31:
2254:"Sex Differences in Longevity and in Responses to Anti-Aging Interventions: A Mini-Review"
1405:
8:
6067:
5724:
5072:
572:
514:
468:
443:
386:
115:
1496:
Rauer, Christine (January 2017). "Mann and Gender in Old
English Prose: A Pilot Study".
841:
traits, more so than women do for embodying masculine traits. This can also manifest as
6130:
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5341:
5219:
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4708:
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2021:
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905:
595:
2511:"what are Answers to Your Questions About Transgender Individuals and Gender Identity"
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324:
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4253:"Sexual Violence against Men and International Law â Criminalising the Unmentionable"
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4136:
4101:
4064:
4039:
3949:
3933:
3861:
3834:
3831:
Masculinity as Fact: A Review of
Empirical Mass Communication Research on Masculinity
3780:
3740:
3660:
3652:
3625:
3613:
3572:
3450:
3401:
3383:
3271:"Today's parents spend more time with their kids than moms and dads did 50 years ago"
3219:
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2415:
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2359:
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2211:
2140:"Autopsy on an Empire: Understanding Mortality in Russia and the Former Soviet Union"
2066:
2043:
2035:
2025:
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1905:
1871:
1823:
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1702:
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1220:
1033:
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436:
404:
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757:
749:
603:
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3015:
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2151:
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2017:
1944:
1760:
1657:
1513:
1505:
1360:
1314:
1269:
526:
510:
439:
285:
3775:
3759:"Conscripting women: gender, soldiering, and military service in Sweden 1965â2018"
3758:
1385:
223:
men may have sex characteristics that do not fit typical notions of male biology.
50:
6057:
6008:
5878:
5873:
5770:
5704:
5524:
5503:
5410:
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5359:
5328:
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4979:
4975:
4855:
4683:
4471:
4132:
4097:
3855:
3728:
3519:
2720:
2675:
2572:"Prevalence of Transgender Depends on the "Case" Definition: A Systematic Review"
2103:
1483:
1447:
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806:
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2963:
Men and
Masculinities: A Social, Cultural, and Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1
2899:
Men and
Masculinities: A Social, Cultural, and Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1
1602:
296:
6003:
5993:
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5750:
5714:
5594:
5554:
5483:
5304:
5042:
4944:
4889:
4872:
4586:"Sex symbols ancient and modern: their origins and iconography on the pedigree"
4455:
3829:
Fejes, Fred J. (1992). "Considering Men and the Media". In Craig, Steve (ed.).
3379:
2587:
2355:
1661:
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1178:
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into the scrotum. Another significant hormone in sexual differentiation is the
568:
216:
194:
151:
4601:
4510:
4419:
4404:"Sex Differences in Aggression in Real-World Settings: A Meta-Analytic Review"
4268:
4215:
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2636:
1509:
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306:
130:
that result in even more differences between the sexes. These include greater
6151:
6145:
6108:
6018:
5858:
5755:
5559:
5549:
5519:
5498:
5488:
5447:
5415:
5364:
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5052:
4781:
4704:
4609:
4534:
4479:
4370:
4167:
4031:
3784:
3664:
3617:
3609:
3387:
3027:
2644:
2570:
Collin, Lindsay; Reisner, Sari L.; Tangpricha, Vin; Goodman, Michael (2016).
2510:
2376:
2155:
2039:
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1262:
1248:
1200:
1100:
1056:
1041:
985:
885:
864:
730:
591:
346:
182:
4403:
4252:
3935:
3800:"Fatal Employment: Men 10 Times More Likely Than Women To Be Killed At Work"
3364:"Fathers' Leave and Fathers' Involvement: Evidence from Four OECD Countries"
2253:
2011:
6156:
5544:
5534:
5442:
5254:
5156:
5131:
5087:
4627:
4487:
4388:
4202:
4140:
4105:
3405:
2652:
2605:
2385:
2340:
2279:
2215:
2047:
1677:
1614:
1309:
1232:
1224:
1212:
1187:
In most societies, men have more legal and cultural rights than women. and
1095:
881:
796:
715:
688:
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502:
374:
370:
366:
190:
155:
111:
107:
5467:
5214:
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4237:
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1571:
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or child, the male reproductive system plays no necessary role during the
463:
A voice that is significantly deeper than the voice of a child or a woman.
6013:
5998:
5795:
5780:
5765:
5599:
5354:
5249:
5209:
5121:
5099:
5082:
5032:
4938:
4328:
1254:
1223:
is the response to issues faced by men in
Western countries. It includes
1117:
1045:
852:
810:
787:
703:
649:
533:
485:
393:
292:
186:
159:
135:
131:
63:
5264:
4912:
4907:
6103:
5983:
5863:
5493:
5385:
5349:
5299:
5229:
5204:
5141:
4845:
4789:
4757:
4712:
3918:
2173:
2164:
1319:
1236:
1104:
842:
838:
420:
232:
147:
92:
4313:
Migliaccio, Todd A. (Winter 2001). "Marginalizing the
Battered Male".
4118:
3019:
2270:
2207:
2139:
1541:
1518:
1207:
is similarly stigmatized, although men make up half of the victims in
189:
have often defined men's activities and opportunities. Men often face
6082:
5681:
5395:
5244:
5234:
5094:
5037:
3733:
Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: Men and Women in the World's
Cultures
3478:"'As everybody knows': Countering myths of gender bias in family law"
2540:
1037:
753:
741:
707:
692:
678:
584:
580:
446:. Secondary sexual characteristics that are specific to men include:
350:
256:
252:
208:
59:
55:
4773:
4696:
4434:"The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey 2016/2017"
3451:"head of household definition | Open Education Sociology Dictionary"
1650:
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
1199:, men typically receive less support after being victims of it, and
1155:
Men traditionally received more education than women as a result of
1020:
928:
The earliest known recorded name of a man in writing is potentially
773:
as transgender, compared to adolescents with a male sex assignment.
529:, tubular structures that transfer the mature sperm to the urethra.
197:. Many religious doctrines stipulate certain rules for men, such as
6087:
6049:
5842:
5604:
5569:
5314:
5177:
5109:
3945:
1192:
1188:
1166:
1129:
1113:
989:
769:
723:
560:
506:
498:
397:
319:
274:
220:
143:
123:
122:
gene on the Y chromosome. During puberty, hormones which stimulate
2866:(7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. pp. 269â272.
5432:
5427:
5405:
5279:
5239:
5224:
5114:
4921:
3980:
2016:. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 130. pp. 19â37.
1036:, and for those couples to raise children either via adoption or
1029:
719:
711:
583:. The study of male reproduction and associated organs is called
541:
428:
329:
278:
260:
244:
193:
into military service or are directed into professions with high
5934:
3268:
2722:
Gale Researcher Guide for: The Continuing Significance of Gender
2677:
Gale Researcher Guide for: The Continuing Significance of Gender
932:, who would have lived sometime between 3400 and 3000 BC in the
5380:
5309:
5274:
5187:
5182:
5146:
5047:
5022:
4999:
4933:
4352:
2821:
The Sociology of Gender: An Introduction to Theory and Research
1894:
Robert-McComb, Jacalyn; Norman, Reid L.; Zumwalt, Mimi (2014).
1351:
1324:
1125:
956:
564:
489:
A lateral cutaway of the human male lower abdomen, showing the
354:
240:
175:
171:
163:
103:
99:
2569:
2307:"The Health of Men: Structured Inequalities and Opportunities"
1690:
1162:
Men are more likely than women to be faculty at universities.
427:
Secondary sex characteristics are features that appear during
5452:
5192:
5151:
5012:
4741:
matrem signo â, patrem â & plantam hybridam âż designavero
3997:"This is how much global literacy has changed over 200 years"
3722:"War and Gender: Men's War Roles â Boyhood and Coming of Age"
2474:
Psychopathology: Foundations for a Contemporary Understanding
1290:
1278:
1121:
933:
734:
576:
552:
548:
537:
432:
301:
88:
80:
74:
5650:
3118:
3116:
3114:
5259:
5017:
4732:
Their first biological use is in the Linnaean dissertation
4188:
3180:
3099:
3087:
2941:
2618:
2353:
1258:
937:
834:
756:
have a male gender identity that does not align with their
167:
77:
3921:
Women (Still) Need Not Apply:The Gender and Science Reader
3564:
In the name of the fathers: the story behind child custody
1893:
856:) were still considered signs of having achieved manhood.
5400:
3111:
2929:
1601:
Rey, Rodolfo; Josso, Nathalie; Racine, ChrystĂšle (2000).
1347:
641:
556:
382:
378:
248:
236:
119:
84:
4850:
The Masculine Masquerade: Masculinity and Representation
4454:
Jacobs, Allan J.; Arora, Kavita Shah (1 February 2015).
4153:
2150:(1). Ann Arbor, MI: William Davidson Institute: 107â30.
1897:
The Active Female: Health Issues Throughout the Lifespan
1756:
Child and Adolescent Development: An Integrated Approach
1691:
Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM (2011).
733:
in which man is one of the two genders, the other being
4083:
3240:"Who's the First Person in History Whose Name We Know?"
3065:
Manhood in the Making: Cultural Concepts of Masculinity
37:"Men" and "Manhood" redirect here. For other uses, see
4758:"The Origin of the Male and Female Symbols of Biology"
4676:"The Origin of the Male and Female Symbols of Biology"
4511:"Separated fathers and the 'fathers' rights' movement"
3269:
University of California, Irvine (28 September 2016).
2791:(2nd ed.). Routledge. pp. 153â154, 218â225.
547:
The male reproductive system's function is to produce
3592:
Heppner, Mary J.; Heppner, P. Paul (September 2009).
2901:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 294â295.
2625:
Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
606:. For males during puberty, testosterone, along with
517:, accessory glands that partake in sperm health, the
381:, the offspring will have a male karyotype (XY). The
314:
only came to mean "man" in Middle English, replacing
83:. Before adulthood, a male human is referred to as a
4353:
Williams, J., Ghandour, R., Kub, J. (October 2008).
4063:. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 12â13.
3361:
2123:
The Street Is My Home: Youth and Violence in Caracas
201:. Men are over-represented as both perpetrators and
4862:, Paperback Edition, Stanford University Press 2001
4038:. Abingdon; New York: Routledge. pp. 442â443.
4036:
International Encyclopedia of Men and Masculinities
3331:Blamires, Diana; Kirkham, Sophie (17 August 2005).
2755:
Masculinity and Femininity in the MMPI-2 and MMPI-A
2711:
2709:
291:"man, male"). More directly, the word derives from
162:. Secondary sex characteristics include a narrower
4892:(ed.), Robert W. Connell (ed.), Jeff Hearn (ed.),
4456:"Ritual Male Infant Circumcision and Human Rights"
4156:Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)
3919:Eisenhart, A. Margaret; Finkel, Elizabeth (2001).
3300:Livingston, Gretchen; Parker, Kim (19 June 2019).
3203:
3062:
2966:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. xxiii.
2892:
2120:
1859:
563:within a woman. Since sperm that enters a woman's
6073:Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them! controversy
3940:. LU: Publications Office of the European Union.
3857:The Indispensable Guide to Classic Men's Clothing
2097:"Homicide Trends in the United States, 1980â2008"
1889:
1887:
6143:
4974:
3756:
3594:"On Men and Work: Taking the Road Less Traveled"
3299:
2758:. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 5â13.
2706:
2432:Sigelman, Carol K.; Rider, Elizabeth A. (2017).
2354:Bailey, J. Michael; Vasey, Paul; Diamond, Lisa;
1788:"Primary & Secondary Sexual Characteristics"
3757:Persson, Alma; Sundevall, Fia (22 March 2019).
3330:
2960:Kimmel, Michael S.; Aronson, Amy, eds. (2004).
2471:Maddux, James E.; Winstead, Barbara A. (2019).
2404:
2009:
590:Testosterone stimulates the development of the
3591:
3475:
3469:
2897:. In Kimmel, Michael S.; Aronson, Amy (eds.).
2541:"What is Intersex? Frequently Asked Questions"
2470:
2412:The Sage Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender
2360:"Sexual Orientation, Controversy, and Science"
2137:
2085:
1884:
1752:
1600:
1195:in society. While one in six male experiences
435:. Such features are especially evident in the
318:, which survives today only in the compounds "
5666:
4960:
4443:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
4306:
3853:
3532:"Do Dads REALLY Get Dissed In Divorce Court?"
3420:"The Single-Parent Family | Psychology Today"
2959:
2431:
1358:is sometimes used in certain phrases such as
1215:describe it as a human rights violation. The
1076:Conscription is overwhelmingly discriminatory
1028:Men may have children, whether biological or
974:The examples and perspective in this chapter
5625:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
4894:Handbook of Studies on Men and Masculinities
4250:
3981:Brainard, Susanne G.; Carlin, Linda (2001).
2364:Psychological Science in the Public Interest
2251:
2065:(4th ed.). Elsevier. pp. 239â256.
1055:claims men face disadvantages when claiming
419:), with an adult female for comparison. The
4739:
4733:
4453:
3854:Karlen, Josh; Sulavik, Christopher (1999).
3476:Melville, Angela; Hunter, Rosemary (2001).
3164:. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2009.
3138:. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2009.
2884:. World Health Organization. Archived from
2138:Brainerd, Elizabeth; Cutler, David (2005).
1862:The Developing Person Through the Life Span
532:The external male genitalia consist of the
501:, gonads that produce male gametes called
497:The internal male genitalia consist of the
373:sex chromosome. If a sperm cell carrying a
357:staining. Human males typically possess an
265:The English term "man" is derived from the
5673:
5659:
4967:
4953:
4735:Plantae hybridae xxx sistit J. J. Haartman
4401:
4312:
3689:
2751:
2563:
2127:. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
1644:Wells, Jonathan C. K. (1 September 2007).
1572:"Etymology, origin and meaning of wergeld"
1081:
992:, or create a new chapter, as appropriate.
544:, a pouch of skin housing the testicles.
4617:
4378:
4025:
4019:
3774:
3692:"Why is warfare almost exclusively male?"
3395:
2824:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 29â31.
2595:
2375:
2330:
2269:
2163:
2013:Neurology of Sexual and Bladder Disorders
1746:
1694:Williams Textbook of Endocrinology E-Book
1517:
1112:encompasses more casual garments such as
1008:Learn how and when to remove this message
521:, organs that store sperm cells, and the
4818:
3650:
3333:"Fathers play greater role in childcare"
3186:
3122:
3105:
3093:
2947:
2935:
2882:"What do we mean by 'sex' and 'gender'?"
2861:
2725:. Gale, Cengage Learning. pp. 1â5.
2680:. Gale, Cengage Learning. pp. 1â5.
2304:
1853:
1851:
1364:to denote male humans regardless of age.
1139:
1094:
1019:
863:
791:
760:at birth, and may undergo masculinizing
682:
602:, which inhibits the development of the
484:
410:
345:
126:production result in the development of
49:
4121:American Journal of Preventive Medicine
4058:
3060:
2817:
2752:Martin, Hale; Finn, Stephen E. (2010).
2503:
2358:; Vilain, Eric; Epprecht, Marc (2016).
2118:
2060:
1936:
1930:
1822:. Elsevier Science. 2018. p. 103.
1782:
1780:
1652:. Normal and Abnormal Sex Development.
1646:"Sexual dimorphism of body composition"
668:
365:In humans, sperm cells carry either an
14:
6144:
4755:
4670:
4583:
4570:Where does Men's Liberation Come From?
3985:. New York: Routledge. pp. 24â37.
3923:. New York: Routledge. pp. 13â23.
3690:Micheletti, Alberto (18 August 2018).
3554:
3198:
3192:
3001:
2718:
2673:
2667:
2545:interACT: Advocates for Intersex Youth
1940:Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities
1857:
1684:
1542:"Etymology, origin and meaning of man"
884:has shown that masculinity itself has
474:
215:that does not align with their female
5654:
4948:
4869:, Cambridge : Polity Press, 1995
4652:from the original on 20 December 2021
4508:
4282:Rabin, Roni Caryn (23 January 2012).
4281:
4275:
3900:from the original on 17 November 2017
3828:
3560:
3211:Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind
3042:from the original on 28 November 2018
2997:
2995:
2784:
2551:from the original on 31 December 2020
2521:from the original on 7 September 2015
1848:
1643:
1495:
1261:. It was first used to denote sex by
1165:In 2020, 90% of the world's men were
920:pressure to conform to gender roles.
456:An enlarged larynx (also known as an
118:of the male fetus is governed by the
4549:from the original on 23 October 2022
4294:from the original on 10 October 2021
3833:. SAGE Publications. pp. 9â22.
3731:. In Ember, Carol R.; Ember, Melvin
3448:
3281:from the original on 30 October 2020
2980:from the original on 19 January 2023
2915:from the original on 19 January 2023
2838:from the original on 19 January 2023
2805:from the original on 19 January 2023
2772:from the original on 19 January 2023
2739:from the original on 19 January 2023
2694:from the original on 19 January 2023
2392:from the original on 2 December 2019
2286:from the original on 24 October 2021
2252:Austad, S.N.A; Bartke, A.A. (2016).
2144:The Journal of Economic Perspectives
1836:from the original on 20 January 2023
1777:
1721:
1715:
960:
3498:from the original on 8 January 2018
3368:European Journal of Social Security
3262:
2186:
2107:United States Department of Justice
1552:from the original on 14 August 2020
1475:, Appendix I: Indo-European Roots.
1420:from the original on 6 January 2023
817:Masculinity (also sometimes called
415:Photograph of an adult male human (
24:
4838:
4796:from the original on 26 March 2023
4509:Flood, Michael (1 December 2012).
4007:from the original on 10 March 2023
3810:from the original on 10 March 2023
3797:
3671:from the original on 10 March 2023
3632:from the original on 10 March 2023
3457:from the original on 10 March 2023
3343:from the original on 10 March 2023
3312:from the original on 10 March 2023
3168:from the original on 25 April 2009
3142:from the original on 25 April 2009
2992:
2022:10.1016/B978-0-444-63247-0.00003-1
1798:from the original on 3 August 2020
1621:from the original on 8 August 2022
1103:stands next to a display of men's
915:) reflect this. In most cultures,
25:
6178:
4900:
4460:The American Journal of Bioethics
4284:"Men Struggle for Rape Awareness"
4257:International Criminal Law Review
3962:from the original on 31 July 2023
3874:from the original on 7 April 2023
3702:from the original on 31 July 2023
3651:Williams, Joan C. (29 May 2013).
3542:from the original on 31 July 2023
3449:Bell, Kenton (25 December 2014).
3430:from the original on 31 July 2023
3069:. Yale University Press. p.
2491:from the original on 21 July 2023
2452:from the original on 21 July 2023
2438:. Cengage Learning. p. 385.
1961:from the original on 31 July 2023
1918:from the original on 31 July 2023
1858:Berger, Kathleen Stassen (2005).
1454:from the original on 9 March 2023
809:image of youthful male beauty in
6126:
6125:
5540:Attraction to transgender people
4932:
4920:
4906:
4722:from the original on 27 May 2023
4584:Schott, G D (24 December 2005).
3246:. 19 August 2015. Archived from
2715:Social vs biological citations:
1582:from the original on 5 June 2022
1242:
965:
859:
594:, the penis, and closure of the
134:, greater height, the growth of
128:secondary sexual characteristics
4812:
4749:
4664:
4634:
4577:
4561:
4502:
4447:
4426:
4395:
4346:
4244:
4209:
4182:
4147:
4112:
4077:
4052:
3989:
3974:
3927:
3912:
3886:
3847:
3822:
3791:
3750:
3714:
3683:
3644:
3585:
3524:
3442:
3412:
3355:
3324:
3293:
3232:
3154:
3128:
3054:
3002:Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen (1998).
2953:
2864:Sociology: A Global Perspective
2852:
2612:
2533:
2464:
2425:
2347:
2305:Williams, David R. (May 2003).
2298:
2245:
2189:"The science behind 'man flu.'"
2180:
2090:
2054:
2003:
1973:
1902:Springer Science+Business Media
1810:
1753:Bjorklund DF, Blasi CH (2011).
1637:
4844:Andrew Perchuk, Simon Watney,
2576:The Journal of Sexual Medicine
1981:"Definition of Male genitalia"
1594:
1564:
1534:
1489:
1466:
1432:
1398:
1391:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1378:
1337:
781:
776:
491:human male reproductive system
328:, literally "man-wolf"), and "
13:
1:
6063:Domestic violence against men
5680:
5630:Social construction of gender
4911:The dictionary definition of
4646:NASA Solar System Exploration
3776:10.1080/09612025.2019.1596542
3720:Goldstein, Joshua S. (2003).
3598:Journal of Career Development
3567:. Toronto: Amanita. pp.
3302:"8 facts about American dads"
3214:(Signal paperback ed.).
2719:Shehan, Constance L. (2018).
2674:Shehan, Constance L. (2018).
1406:"Meaning of "man" in English"
1371:
1284:, the contraction of a Greek
1205:Domestic violence against men
941:
718:, significant minorities are
575:an egg which develops into a
5761:Paternal rights and abortion
5710:Gender marking in job titles
5615:Sex as a biological variable
4590:BMJ: British Medical Journal
4472:10.1080/15265161.2014.990162
4408:Review of General Psychology
4316:The Journal of Men's Studies
4230:10.1016/0145-2134(90)90077-7
4133:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.01.015
4098:10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.09.008
3653:"Why Men Work So Many Hours"
2858:Male vs Masculine/Feminine:
2061:Goodman, H. Maurice (2009).
1866:. Worth Publishers. p.
1819:Encyclopedia of Reproduction
1473:American Heritage Dictionary
1135:
868:Two men playing a board game
628:Gender disparities in health
332:", literally "man-payment".
226:
7:
4823:(5th ed.). Routledge.
4819:Helgeson, Vicki S. (2017).
4756:Stearn, William T. (1962).
4527:10.5172/jfs.2012.18.2-3.235
4191:Journal of Traumatic Stress
3747:. Retrieved April 25, 2015.
3216:Penguin Random House Canada
2893:Halberstam, Judith (2004).
2788:Gender, Nature, and Nurture
2435:Life-Span Human Development
2063:Basic Medical Endocrinology
1303:
1191:is far more prevalent than
1090:
988:, discuss the issue on the
851:protecting, providing, and
833:from the definition of the
762:hormone replacement therapy
423:of both models is removed.
10:
6183:
5921:Mythopoetic men's movement
5530:Androphilia and gynephilia
4059:Gilmore, David D. (2010).
3380:10.1177/138826271401600403
3061:Gilmore, David D. (1990).
2785:Lippa, Richard A. (2005).
2588:10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.02.001
2119:MĂĄrquez, Patricia (1999).
1937:Halpern, Diane F. (2013).
1662:10.1016/j.beem.2007.04.007
1291:
1279:
1276:" that it is derived from
1246:
1183:Discrimination against men
1176:
1066:
954:
923:
785:
672:
625:
478:
339:
335:
230:
36:
29:
6121:
6096:
6048:
6041:
6027:
5976:
5904:Men's liberation movement
5891:
5851:
5825:
5804:
5739:Marriage and reproduction
5738:
5695:
5688:
5582:
5512:
5476:
5373:
5340:
5327:
5130:
4998:
4987:
4602:10.1136/bmj.331.7531.1509
4515:Journal of Family Studies
4420:10.1037/1089-2680.8.4.291
4269:10.1163/15718123-01303004
4218:Child Abuse & Neglect
4086:Child Abuse & Neglect
4061:Misogyny: The Male Malady
2637:10.1016/j.ecl.2019.01.001
1730:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
1510:10.1007/s11061-016-9489-1
1229:men's liberation movement
1172:
950:
876:
621:
342:Sex differences in humans
5936:Fathers' rights movement
5817:Sex differences in crime
5078:Non-binary / genderqueer
4896:, Sage Publications 2004
4371:10.1177/1524838008324418
4168:10.1001/jama.280.21.1855
4026:Ouellette, Marc (2007).
3610:10.1177/0894845309340789
3561:Crean, Susan M. (1988).
2818:Wharton, Amy S. (2005).
2627:. Transgender Medicine.
2377:10.1177/1529100616637616
2156:10.1257/0895330053147921
2102:20 November 2019 at the
1699:Elsevier Health Sciences
1603:"Sexual Differentiation"
1486:. Accessed 22 July 2007.
1410:dictionary.cambridge.org
1330:
1217:fathers' rights movement
1150:Edinburgh College of Art
766:sex reassignment surgery
481:Male reproductive system
387:male sex differentiation
140:male reproductive system
43:Manhood (disambiguation)
6034:International Men's Day
5926:Men Going Their Own Way
5746:Marriage of convenience
5640:Transgender archaeology
4342:(subscription required)
3657:Harvard Business Review
3511:Also available through
3424:www.psychologytoday.com
2862:Ferrante, Joan (2010).
1444:www.merriam-webster.com
1082:Entertainment and media
1062:
700:evolved predispositions
559:that can unite with an
536:, an organ that expels
6078:Conflict tactics scale
5869:Masculine beauty ideal
5838:Testosterone poisoning
5635:Split attraction model
5620:Sexâgender distinction
4925:Quotations related to
4877:The Myth of Male Power
4740:
4734:
4642:"Solar System Symbols"
4203:10.1002/jts.2490090405
4034:; et al. (eds.).
3763:Women's History Review
2895:"'Female masculinity'"
1725:CliffsNotes AP Biology
1211:couples. Opponents of
1152:
1108:
1107:at a clothing factory.
1025:
869:
814:
695:
600:anti-MĂŒllerian hormone
494:
424:
377:fertilizes the female
362:
353:of a human male using
199:religious circumcision
110:from the mother and a
66:
5909:Men's rights movement
5791:Tender years doctrine
5720:Hegemonic masculinity
5697:Gender discrimination
5610:Queer heterosexuality
4879:Berkley Trade, 1993
4359:Trauma Violence Abuse
4251:Mouthaan, S. (2013).
4003:. 12 September 2022.
2323:10.2105/ajph.93.5.724
1440:"Definition of "man""
1177:Further information:
1143:
1098:
1069:Work (human activity)
1053:men's rights movement
1023:
955:Further information:
892:and social class. In
867:
795:
758:female sex assignment
714:. While most men are
686:
673:Further information:
626:Further information:
488:
414:
403:Adult humans exhibit
349:
231:Further information:
142:, which includes the
98:Like most other male
53:
5833:Human male sexuality
5590:Anti-gender movement
5565:Romantic orientation
4941:at Wikimedia Commons
4860:Masculine Domination
4821:Psychology of Gender
4329:10.3149/jms.0902.205
4001:World Economic Forum
3727:31 July 2023 at the
3518:3 April 2023 at the
2888:on 8 September 2014.
1904:. pp. 223â238.
1763:. pp. 152â153.
1414:Cambridge Dictionary
1157:single-sex education
1024:A father and his son
986:improve this chapter
976:may not represent a
888:, just like wealth,
827:socially constructed
729:Most cultures use a
675:Human male sexuality
669:Sexuality and gender
662:psychological stress
515:bulbourethral glands
453:Increased body hair;
450:Broadened shoulders;
408:and lower fat mass.
322:" (from Old English
106:usually inherits an
39:Men (disambiguation)
32:Man (disambiguation)
30:For other uses, see
6068:Forced circumcision
5725:Occupational sexism
5342:Sexual orientations
5073:Masculine of center
4865:Robert W. Connell,
4596:(7531): 1509â1510.
4402:Archer, J. (2004).
3485:Griffith Law Review
3306:Pew Research Center
3189:, pp. 119â121.
3108:, pp. 571â574.
3096:, pp. 494â499.
2950:, pp. 146â149.
1609:. MDText.com, Inc.
1482:19 May 2006 at the
1235:groups such as the
1227:groups such as the
835:biological male sex
750:male sex assignment
557:genetic information
475:Reproductive system
444:reproductive system
267:Proto-Indo-European
203:victims of violence
116:Sex differentiation
5463:Same gender loving
5374:Alternative labels
4672:Stearn, William T.
4441:Report on Intimate
4288:The New York Times
3200:Harari, Yuval Noah
2356:Breedlove, S. Marc
2311:Am J Public Health
2233:on 8 December 2017
2187:Sue, Kyle (2017).
1991:on 6 November 2020
1576:www.etymonline.com
1546:www.etymonline.com
1394:. Merriam-Webster.
1274:Claude de Saumaise
1153:
1109:
1026:
906:Indo-European root
870:
815:
748:aligns with their
696:
654:social safety nets
596:labioscrotal folds
495:
437:sexually dimorphic
425:
363:
67:
54:A man with medium
6139:
6138:
6117:
6116:
5972:
5971:
5887:
5886:
5730:Sexual harassment
5648:
5647:
5595:Gender assignment
5578:
5577:
5323:
5322:
5063:Gender neutrality
4937:Media related to
4830:978-1-138-18687-3
4573:, 27 October 2022
4162:(21): 1855â1862.
4092:(10): 1205â1222.
4070:978-0-8122-0032-4
4045:978-0-415-33343-6
3955:978-92-76-40249-7
3867:978-0-9661847-1-6
3840:978-0-8039-4163-2
3745:978-0-306-47770-6
3578:978-0-921299-04-2
3225:978-0-7710-8351-8
3125:, pp. 45â48.
3020:10.1159/000022591
3008:Human Development
2973:978-1-57607-774-0
2938:, pp. 33â34.
2908:978-1-57607-774-0
2873:978-0-8400-3204-1
2831:978-1-4051-4343-1
2798:978-1-135-60425-7
2765:978-0-8166-2444-7
2732:978-1-5358-6117-5
2687:978-1-5358-6117-5
2484:978-0-429-64787-1
2445:978-1-337-51606-8
2420:978-1-4833-8427-6
2271:10.1159/000381472
2208:10.1136/bmj.j5560
2072:978-0-12-373975-9
2031:978-0-444-63247-0
1954:978-1-136-72283-7
1911:978-1-4614-8884-2
1877:978-0-7167-5706-1
1829:978-0-12-815145-7
1794:. 30 April 2018.
1770:978-1-133-16837-9
1739:978-0-544-78417-8
1708:978-1-4377-3600-7
1148:class in 1908 at
1034:same-sex marriage
1018:
1017:
1010:
527:ejaculatory ducts
440:phenotypic traits
405:sexual dimorphism
304:" or "child" was
114:from the father.
112:Y chromosome
108:X chromosome
16:(Redirected from
6174:
6129:
6128:
6046:
6045:
6028:Remembrance days
5932:
5931:
5786:Stay-at-home dad
5693:
5692:
5675:
5668:
5661:
5652:
5651:
5438:Non-heterosexual
5338:
5337:
4996:
4995:
4969:
4962:
4955:
4946:
4945:
4936:
4924:
4910:
4852:, MIT Press 1995
4834:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4737:
4729:
4727:
4721:
4680:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4621:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4554:
4521:(2â3): 235â345.
4506:
4500:
4499:
4451:
4445:
4444:
4438:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4382:
4350:
4344:
4343:
4340:
4310:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4248:
4242:
4241:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4151:
4145:
4144:
4116:
4110:
4109:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4056:
4050:
4049:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3916:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3890:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3879:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3778:
3769:(7): 1039â1056.
3754:
3748:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3538:. 10 July 2012.
3528:
3522:
3510:
3505:
3503:
3497:
3482:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3416:
3410:
3409:
3399:
3359:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3207:
3205:"Signed, Kushim"
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3132:
3126:
3120:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3068:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3014:(5â6): 295â315.
2999:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2957:
2951:
2945:
2939:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2889:
2877:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2713:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2599:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2429:
2423:
2410:Kevin L. Nadal,
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2379:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2334:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2273:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2232:
2226:. Archived from
2193:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2167:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2116:
2110:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1987:. Archived from
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1945:Psychology Press
1943:(4th ed.).
1934:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1891:
1882:
1881:
1865:
1855:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1784:
1775:
1774:
1761:Cengage Learning
1750:
1744:
1743:
1728:(5th ed.).
1722:Pack PE (2016).
1719:
1713:
1712:
1701:. p. 1054.
1688:
1682:
1681:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1521:
1493:
1487:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1382:
1365:
1341:
1294:
1293:
1282:
1281:
1203:is stigmatized.
1099:A man wearing a
1013:
1006:
1002:
999:
993:
969:
968:
961:
946:
943:
660:consumption and
610:released by the
551:, which carries
511:seminal vesicles
219:at birth, while
27:Male adult human
21:
6182:
6181:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6167:Gender identity
6142:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6113:
6092:
6058:Dating violence
6037:
6023:
6009:Michael Messner
5968:
5930:
5883:
5879:Human sex ratio
5847:
5821:
5800:
5771:Paternity fraud
5734:
5705:Gender equality
5684:
5679:
5649:
5644:
5574:
5525:Analloeroticism
5508:
5504:Heterosociality
5472:
5369:
5332:
5330:
5319:
5134:
5126:
5068:Gender variance
5058:Gender fluidity
4990:
4983:
4973:
4903:
4856:Pierre Bourdieu
4841:
4839:Further reading
4831:
4815:
4810:
4809:
4799:
4797:
4774:10.2307/1217734
4754:
4750:
4725:
4723:
4719:
4697:10.2307/1217734
4678:
4669:
4665:
4655:
4653:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4582:
4578:
4567:
4566:
4562:
4552:
4550:
4507:
4503:
4452:
4448:
4436:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4400:
4396:
4351:
4347:
4341:
4311:
4307:
4297:
4295:
4280:
4276:
4249:
4245:
4214:
4210:
4187:
4183:
4152:
4148:
4117:
4113:
4082:
4078:
4071:
4057:
4053:
4046:
4024:
4020:
4010:
4008:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3979:
3975:
3965:
3963:
3956:
3932:
3928:
3917:
3913:
3903:
3901:
3896:. Nces.ed.gov.
3892:
3891:
3887:
3877:
3875:
3868:
3860:. Tatra Press.
3852:
3848:
3841:
3827:
3823:
3813:
3811:
3798:DeVore, Chuck.
3796:
3792:
3755:
3751:
3729:Wayback Machine
3719:
3715:
3705:
3703:
3688:
3684:
3674:
3672:
3649:
3645:
3635:
3633:
3590:
3586:
3579:
3559:
3555:
3545:
3543:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3520:Wayback Machine
3501:
3499:
3495:
3480:
3474:
3470:
3460:
3458:
3447:
3443:
3433:
3431:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3360:
3356:
3346:
3344:
3329:
3325:
3315:
3313:
3298:
3294:
3284:
3282:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3251:
3250:on 31 July 2023
3238:
3237:
3233:
3226:
3218:. p. 123.
3197:
3193:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3162:"Virile (2009)"
3160:
3159:
3155:
3145:
3143:
3136:"Virtue (2009)"
3134:
3133:
3129:
3121:
3112:
3104:
3100:
3092:
3088:
3081:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3043:
3000:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2974:
2958:
2954:
2946:
2942:
2934:
2930:
2918:
2916:
2909:
2880:
2874:
2857:
2853:
2841:
2839:
2832:
2808:
2806:
2799:
2775:
2773:
2766:
2742:
2740:
2733:
2714:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2688:
2672:
2668:
2617:
2613:
2568:
2564:
2554:
2552:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2524:
2522:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2492:
2485:
2469:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2446:
2430:
2426:
2409:
2405:
2395:
2393:
2352:
2348:
2303:
2299:
2289:
2287:
2250:
2246:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2191:
2185:
2181:
2136:
2132:
2117:
2113:
2104:Wayback Machine
2095:
2091:
2084:
2080:
2073:
2059:
2055:
2032:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1955:
1947:. p. 188.
1935:
1931:
1921:
1919:
1912:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1856:
1849:
1839:
1837:
1830:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1732:. p. 219.
1720:
1716:
1709:
1689:
1685:
1642:
1638:
1624:
1622:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1494:
1490:
1484:Wayback Machine
1471:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1448:Merriam-Webster
1438:
1437:
1433:
1423:
1421:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1306:
1251:
1245:
1185:
1175:
1138:
1093:
1084:
1071:
1065:
1014:
1003:
997:
994:
983:
970:
966:
959:
953:
944:
926:
894:Western culture
879:
862:
790:
784:
779:
746:gender identity
681:
671:
638:armed conflicts
634:
624:
616:spermatogenesis
612:pituitary gland
604:MĂŒllerian ducts
569:fallopian tubes
523:vasa deferentia
483:
477:
469:waistâhip ratio
344:
338:
263:
229:
213:gender identity
195:mortality rates
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6180:
6170:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6137:
6136:
6134:
6133:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6106:
6100:
6098:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6054:
6052:
6043:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6004:Michael Kimmel
6001:
5996:
5994:Warren Farrell
5991:
5986:
5980:
5978:
5974:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5967:
5966:
5961:
5959:United Kingdom
5956:
5951:
5946:
5940:
5938:
5929:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5917:
5916:
5906:
5901:
5899:Men's movement
5895:
5893:
5889:
5888:
5885:
5884:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5855:
5853:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5829:
5827:
5823:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5814:
5808:
5806:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5776:Patrilineality
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5751:Paper abortion
5748:
5742:
5740:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5715:Gender pay gap
5712:
5707:
5701:
5699:
5690:
5686:
5685:
5678:
5677:
5670:
5663:
5655:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5586:
5584:
5580:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5555:Plurisexuality
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5516:
5514:
5510:
5509:
5507:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5484:Sociosexuality
5480:
5478:
5477:Social aspects
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5423:Heteroflexible
5420:
5419:
5418:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5377:
5375:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5346:
5344:
5335:
5325:
5324:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5305:Vakasalewalewa
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5167:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5138:
5136:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5119:
5118:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5097:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5004:
5002:
4993:
4985:
4984:
4972:
4971:
4964:
4957:
4949:
4943:
4942:
4930:
4918:
4902:
4901:External links
4899:
4898:
4897:
4890:Michael Kimmel
4887:
4873:Warren Farrell
4870:
4863:
4853:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4829:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4768:(4): 109â113.
4748:
4691:(4): 109â113.
4663:
4633:
4576:
4560:
4501:
4446:
4425:
4414:(4): 291â322.
4394:
4345:
4323:(2): 205â226.
4305:
4274:
4263:(3): 665â695.
4243:
4208:
4197:(4): 721â743.
4181:
4146:
4127:(5): 430â438.
4111:
4076:
4069:
4051:
4044:
4032:Flood, Michael
4018:
3988:
3973:
3954:
3946:10.2766/509505
3926:
3911:
3885:
3866:
3846:
3839:
3821:
3790:
3749:
3713:
3682:
3643:
3584:
3577:
3553:
3523:
3491:(1): 124â138.
3468:
3441:
3411:
3374:(4): 308â346.
3354:
3323:
3292:
3261:
3231:
3224:
3191:
3179:
3153:
3127:
3110:
3098:
3086:
3079:
3053:
2991:
2972:
2952:
2940:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2907:
2890:
2878:
2872:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2830:
2815:
2797:
2782:
2764:
2749:
2731:
2705:
2686:
2666:
2631:(2): 303â321.
2611:
2582:(4): 613â626.
2562:
2532:
2502:
2483:
2463:
2444:
2424:
2403:
2346:
2317:(5): 724â731.
2297:
2244:
2179:
2130:
2111:
2089:
2078:
2071:
2053:
2030:
2002:
1972:
1953:
1929:
1910:
1883:
1876:
1847:
1828:
1809:
1776:
1769:
1745:
1738:
1714:
1707:
1683:
1656:(3): 415â430.
1636:
1593:
1563:
1533:
1504:(1): 139â158.
1488:
1465:
1431:
1397:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1305:
1302:
1247:Main article:
1244:
1241:
1221:men's movement
1197:sexual assault
1179:Male privilege
1174:
1171:
1146:figure drawing
1137:
1134:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1064:
1061:
1042:single parents
1016:
1015:
980:of the subject
978:worldwide view
973:
971:
964:
952:
949:
945: 3100 BC
925:
922:
917:male privilege
878:
875:
861:
858:
786:Main article:
783:
780:
778:
775:
670:
667:
623:
620:
592:Wolffian ducts
479:Main article:
476:
473:
465:
464:
461:
454:
451:
359:XY combination
340:Main article:
337:
334:
228:
225:
217:sex assignment
185:, traditional
170:, and smaller
152:prostate gland
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6179:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6162:Terms for men
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6132:
6124:
6123:
6120:
6110:
6109:Androcentrism
6107:
6105:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6095:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6047:
6044:
6040:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6026:
6020:
6019:Bettina Arndt
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
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5964:United States
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5859:Herbivore men
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5812:Men's shelter
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5756:Paternal bond
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5560:Postgenderism
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5520:Allosexuality
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5489:Antisexuality
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5162:Bugis genders
5160:
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5132:Third genders
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4917:at Wiktionary
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4885:0-425-18144-8
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4867:Masculinities
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2477:. Routledge.
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2370:(2): 45â101.
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2019:
2015:
2014:
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1990:
1986:
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1960:
1956:
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1357:
1354:. The plural
1353:
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1040:. Men may be
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613:
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608:gonadotropins
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242:
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183:human history
179:
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5989:Jack Donovan
5874:Men's health
5600:Gender roles
5545:Kinsey scale
5535:Aromanticism
5411:Gray asexual
5360:Heterosexual
5285:Sworn virgin
5255:Mukhannathun
5157:Binabinaaine
5007:
4929:at Wikiquote
4913:
4893:
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4866:
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4849:
4820:
4813:Bibliography
4798:. Retrieved
4765:
4761:
4751:
4731:
4724:. Retrieved
4688:
4682:
4674:(May 1962).
4666:
4654:. Retrieved
4645:
4636:
4593:
4589:
4579:
4569:
4563:
4551:. Retrieved
4518:
4514:
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4466:(2): 30â39.
4463:
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4440:
4428:
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4320:
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4296:. Retrieved
4287:
4277:
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4224:(1): 19â28.
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4009:. Retrieved
4000:
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3936:
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3914:
3902:. Retrieved
3888:
3876:. Retrieved
3856:
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3830:
3824:
3812:. Retrieved
3803:
3793:
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3762:
3752:
3735:. Volume 1.
3732:
3716:
3704:. Retrieved
3695:
3685:
3673:. Retrieved
3656:
3646:
3634:. Retrieved
3604:(1): 49â67.
3601:
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3544:. Retrieved
3535:
3526:
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3488:
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3459:. Retrieved
3444:
3432:. Retrieved
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3345:. Retrieved
3337:the Guardian
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3314:. Retrieved
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3283:. Retrieved
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3044:. Retrieved
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2787:
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2696:. Retrieved
2676:
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2394:. Retrieved
2367:
2363:
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2300:
2288:. Retrieved
2264:(1): 40â46.
2261:
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2247:
2235:. Retrieved
2228:the original
2199:
2195:
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2109:(2010) p. 10
2092:
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1989:the original
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1963:. Retrieved
1939:
1932:
1920:. Retrieved
1896:
1861:
1838:. Retrieved
1818:
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1791:
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5210:Femminiello
5122:Transsexual
5100:Trans woman
5083:Transgender
4298:30 November
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2698:25 December
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2396:21 December
2258:Gerontology
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1985:MedicineNet
1965:19 November
1922:19 November
1255:Mars symbol
1118:sweatshirts
853:procreating
811:Western art
788:Masculinity
782:Masculinity
777:Social role
704:personality
650:masculinity
571:goes on to
293:Old English
181:Throughout
148:sperm ducts
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6146:Categories
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1372:References
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720:homosexual
708:upbringing
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585:andrology
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573:fertilize
567:and then
555:and thus
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398:testicles
351:Karyogram
257:gentleman
253:godparent
227:Etymology
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