Majapahit - Knowledge

7496: 7441: 7229: 3513: 4114: 2115: 7427: 7413: 4641: 10296: 4630: 4551: 6209: 7264: 7485: 3681: 4542: 7197: 4621: 3441: 2826: 4650: 7252: 7093:. Early cetbang (also called eastern-style cetbang) resembled Chinese cannons and hand cannons. Eastern-style cetbangs were mostly made of bronze and were front-loaded cannons. It fires arrow-like projectiles, but round bullets and co-viative projectiles can also be used. These arrows can be solid-tipped without explosives, or with explosives and incendiary materials placed behind the tip. Near the rear, there is a combustion chamber or room, which refers to the bulging part near the rear of the gun, where the gunpowder is placed. The cetbang is mounted on a fixed mount, or as a hand cannon mounted on the end of a pole. There is a tube-like section on the back of the cannon. In the hand cannon-type cetbang, this tube is used as a socket for a pole. 7181: 3405: 2515:. According to the Babad Arya Tabanan manuscript, in 1342 Majapahit forces led by Gajah Mada, assisted by his general Arya Damar, the regent of Palembang, landed in Bali. After seven months of battles, Majapahit forces defeated the Balinese king and captured the Balinese capital of Bedulu in 1343. After the conquest of Bali, Majapahit distributed the governing authority of Bali among Arya Damar's younger brothers, Arya Kenceng, Arya Kutawandira, Arya Sentong, and Arya Belog. Arya Kenceng led his brothers to govern Bali under Majapahit suzerainty, and he would become the progenitor of the Balinese kings of the Tabanan and Badung royal houses. Through this campaign, Majapahit planted a vassal dynasty that would rule the 7812: 3669: 7934:. The rise of Malacca in the 15th century, in particular, is important, because it represents Majapahit eventual failure to control Malacca strait. Previously Majapahit tried to contain the rise of a potential regional rival; a Malay polity in par with Srivijaya, by punishing a rebellion in Palembang and capturing Singapura. In this sense, Malacca was indeed the rival of Majapahit in the competition to dominate the archipelagic realm. Despite this perceived rivalry, in practice, however, the two kingdoms had some close and intense economic and cultural relations. At that time, the trade link between Majapahit ports of Hujung Galuh and Tuban with the port of Melaka must have thrived. 3421: 3811:...tall and handsome, lavishly adorned, and they have richly caparisoned horses. They use krises, swords, and lances of many kinds, all inlaid with gold. They are great hunters and horsemen—the horse had stirrups all inlaid with gold and inlaid saddles, which are not to be found anywhere else in the world. The Javanese lords are so noble and exalted that there is no nation to compare with them over a wide area in these parts. They have their head shorn—half tonsured—as a mark of beauty, and they always run their hands over their hair from the forehead upwards unlike what European did. The lords of Java are revered like gods, with great respect and deep reverence. 8012: 4822: 6629:" model. The term mandala derived from Sanskrit "circle" to explain the typical ancient Southeast Asian polity that was defined by its centre rather than its boundaries, and it could be composed of numerous other tributary polities without undergoing administrative integration. The territories belongs within Majapahit Mandala sphere of influence were those categorised as Mancanegara and Nusantara. These areas usually have their indigenous rulers, enjoy substantial autonomy and have their political institution intact without further integration into Majapahit administration. The same mandala model also applied to previous empires; 7865:

its power overseas. Majapahit's confidence for dominance was stemmed for their economic and demographic comparative advantage; agrarian as well as a maritime nation; their large rice production, immense human resources, well-organized society, also their mastery in shipbuilding, navigation and military technology; are excellent relatively compared to their neighbours. These strengths were used by Gajah Mada to expand the kingdom's influence and building a maritime empire. This rather imperialistic outlook has projected in the way he forcefully dealt with Majapahit's neighbours; the Pabali (conquest of Bali, 1342–1343) and the

3637: 3385: 1837: 3657: 7938: 5211: 7476: 7505: 4468: 2374: 7209: 7028: 2704:. The Sundanese took this proposal as an alliance agreement. In 1357 the Sunda king and his royal family came to Majapahit to accompany and marry his daughter to Hayam Wuruk. However, Gajah Mada saw this event as an opportunity to demand Sunda's submission to Majapahit overlordship. The skirmish between the Sunda royal family and the Majapahit troops on Bubat square was inevitable. Despite courageous resistance, the royal family were overwhelmed and decimated. Almost the whole of the Sundanese royal party was killed. Tradition mentioned that the heartbroken princess committed 2242: 4338: 10414: 645: 10347: 7753:, the Clove Islands, the navigation of the Chinese and the Gores, with their rhumbs and direct routes followed by the ships, and the hinterland, and how the kingdoms border on each other. It seems to me. Sir, that this was the best thing I have ever seen, and Your Highness will be very pleased to see it; it had the names in Javanese writing, but I had with me a Javanese who could read and write. I send this piece to Your Highness, which Francisco Rodrigues traced from the other, in which Your Highness can truly see where the 5419: 3614:(Majapahit), where the king stay. There are about 200 or 300 foreign families resides in this place, with seven or eight leaders to serve the king. The climate is constantly hot, like summer. He describes the king's costumes; wearing a crown of gold leaves and flowers or sometimes without any headgear; bare-chested without wearing a robe, the bottom parts wears two sashes of embroidered silk. Additional silk rope is looped around the waist as a belt, and the belt is inserted with one or two short blades, called 76: 56: 4691: 10323:. The ancient links and Majapahit legacy is observable in many ways; architecture, literature, religious rituals, dance-drama and artforms. The aesthetics and style of bas-reliefs in Majapahit East Javanese temples were preserved and copied in Balinese temples. It is also because, after the fall of the empire, many Majapahit nobles, artisans and priests had taken refuge either in the interior mountainous region of East Java or across the narrow strait to Bali. Indeed, in some ways, the 6140:(dukes), the king's close relatives. These areas are directly influenced by Javanese Majapahit court culture and obliged to pay annual tributes. These areas usually possess their rulers that might be directly related, foster an alliance or intermarried with the Majapahit royal family. Majapahit stationed their officials and officers in these places and regulate their foreign trade activities and collect taxes, yet they enjoyed substantial internal autonomy. This includes the rest of 5107: 5050: 7039: 10080: 7877: 18948: 12411: 2302: 12689: 4021: 1635: 10120: 2740: 2466: 10038: 2539: 18958: 5200: 3269: 6087: 7726:(mapping science) was developed. In 1293 CE Raden Wijaya presented a map and census record to the Yuan Mongol invader, suggesting that mapmaking has been a formal part of governmental affairs in Java. The use of maps full of longitudinal and transverse lines, rhumb lines, and direct route lines traveled by ships were recorded by Europeans, to the point that the Portuguese considered the Javanese maps were the best map in the early 1500s. 2452:, the assassination was a stratagem crafted by Gajah Mada himself to rid the kingdom of an evil tyrant. Tradition mentions that the immoral, cruel and abusive king often seduced and abused women, even the wives of his own subordinates. Other possible reason includes to protect the two princesses — Gitarja and Rajadewi, the daughters of Gayatri Rajapatni from the king's cruelty. Since the slain king was childless, he left no successor. 10511: 5189: 10583: 12504:(1986, reprinted in 2003), a martial art-historical epic novel by Arswendo Atmowiloto. It takes place in the late Singhasari period and formation of Majapahit. This novel describes the sagas, royal intrigues, and romance of the formation of the kingdom as well as the adventure of the main character, a commoner named Upasara Wulung and his forbidden love affair with princess Gayatri Rajapatni, whom later becomes the consort of 4700: 2034: 6184:, areas which do not reflect Javanese culture, but are included as colonies and they had to pay an annual tribute. They had their native polity intact, enjoyed substantial autonomy and internal freedom, and Majapahit did not necessarily station their officials or military officers here; however, any challenges on Majapahit oversight might draw a severe response. These areas such as the vassal kingdoms and colonies in the 6592: 594: 4010: 3245:, but they came too late to save Kertabumi although they managed to repel the Ranawijaya army. This event is mentioned in Trailokyapuri (Jiyu) and Petak inscription, where Ranawijaya claimed that he already defeated Kertabhumi and reunited Majapahit as one Kingdom. Ranawijaya ruled from 1474 to 1498 with the formal name Girindrawardhana, with Udara as his vice-regent. This event led to the war between the 3542:

is on the inside plated all over with plates of gold, on which are sculptured knights all of gold, which have great golden circles round their heads, such as we give in these parts to the figures of saints. And these circles are all beset with precious stones. Moreover, the ceiling is all of pure gold, and to speak briefly, this palace is richer and finer than any existing at this day in the world.

4063: 4415: 2639: 17012: 16025: 15068: 10437:, built a historical construct around Majapahit to argue for the ancient unified realm, as a predecessor of modern Indonesia. The memory of its greatness remains in Indonesia and is sometimes seen as a precedent for the current political boundaries of the Republic. Many of modern Indonesian national symbols derived from Majapahit Hindu-Buddhist elements. The Indonesian national motto, " 10343:, were being well-kept in royal libraries of Bali and Lombok and provides the glimpse and valuable historical records on Majapahit. The Majapahit Hindu-Javanese culture has shaped the culture of Bali, that led to popular expression; "without Java, there is no Bali". Yet in return, Bali is credited as the last stronghold to safeguard and preserve the ancient Hindu Javanese civilisation. 2988: 6703:

is not sufficiently considered an empire in a traditional sense. However, if being an empire means the projection of military power at will, formal acknowledgement of overlordship by vassals, and the regular tribute delivery to the capital, then Java's relationship to the rest of archipelagic realm can well be considered an imperial one; thus Majapahit can be considered an empire.

5402:(Duke or Duchess) acted as regional kings, the rulers of Majapahit provinces. This council congregates, offers advice, considered the king, and often formed an assembly to judge a certain important case in the court. Example of their office was, their sentence to temporarily suspend Mahamantri Gajah Mada, as a punishment since he was held responsible for the shamefully disastrous 3036:

seas that time and were opposed to Chinese expansion into their sphere of influence. The Ming's support for Malacca and the spread of Islam propagated by both Malacca and Zheng He's treasure fleet has weakened Majapahit maritime influence in Sumatra, which caused the northern part of the island to increasingly converting to Islam and gained independence from Majapahit, leaving

3102: 16051:: "Setelah Betara Majapahit mendengar bunyi surat bendahari raja Singapura itu, maka baginda pun segera menyuruh berlengkap tiga ratus buah jong, lain daripada itu kelulus, pilang, jongkong, tiada terbilang lagi banyaknya; maka dua keti rakyat Jawa yang pergi itu; maka segala rakyat Jawa pun pergilah. Setelah datang ke Singapura, maka berparanglah dengan orang Singapura." 14830:: "Setelah Betara Majapahit mendengar bunyi surat bendahari raja Singapura itu, maka baginda pun segera menyuruh berlengkap tiga ratus buah jong, lain daripada itu kelulus, pilang, jongkong, tiada terbilang lagi banyaknya; maka dua keti rakyat Jawa yang pergi itu; maka segala rakyat Jawa pun pergilah. Setelah datang ke Singapura, maka berparanglah dengan orang Singapura." 4589:) laid as tiles. This description of the palace is very different than that of Odoric of Pordenone, who visited Majapahit in the previous century during the reign of Jayanegara (1309–1328). The reason of this was because Ma Huan likely stayed at a special area reserved for envoys, which was still 1.5 days' journey away from the real Majapahit palace. 3742:), and unrefined locals. The king held annual jousting tournaments. About the marriage rituals; the groom pays a visit to the house of the bride's family, the marriage union is consummated. Three days later, the groom escorts his bride back to his home, where the man's family beat drums and brass gongs, blowing pipes made from coconut shells ( 2526:

observed that the city had war junks for pirate raiding and collecting tolls and that elephants were employed for various purposes. He met the ruler of Mul Jawa and stayed as a guest for three days. Ibn Battuta said that the women of Java ride horses, understand archery, and fight like men. Ibn Battuta recorded a story about a country called

7105:. It resulted in a new type of cetbang, called "western-style cetbang". It can be mounted as a fixed or swivel gun, small-sized ones can be easily installed on small vessels. In naval combat, this gun is used as an anti-personnel weapon, not anti-ship. In this age, even to the 17th century, Nusantaran soldiers fought on a platform called 16878:

per 40 çornade, non-trouando mai altro che aiere e aqua, e per suo arbitrio iscorse 2000 mia e declinata la fortuna i fece suo retorno in çorni 70 fina al sopradito cauo de diab. E acostandose la naue a le riue per suo bisogno, i marinari uedeno uno ouo de uno oselo nominato chrocho, el qual ouo era de la grandeça de una bota d'anfora."

7961:. After the fall of Yuan, the Ming Emperor eager to project his power into Southeast Asia. On the other hand, Majapahit saw this archipelagic realm as theirs and unwelcome to any perceived Chinese interference. After Majapahit was weakened by Paregreg civil war, and incessant conflicts among its nobles, the arrival of the formidable 4887:"The fields of Java are rich and its soil is level and well watered, therefore grain and rice are abundant, twice as much as in other countries. The people do not steal, and what is dropped on the road is not taken up. The common saying: "prosperous Java" means this country. Men and women wrap up their head and wear long clothes." 2405:. The reign of Jayanegara was a difficult and chaotic one, troubled with several rebellions by his father's former companions in arms. Among others are Gajah Biru's rebellion in 1314 and the Kuti rebellion in 1319. The Kuti rebellion was the most dangerous one, as Kuti managed to take control of the capital city. With the help of 2422:

spoke strongly against the king's wishes. It was not clear what motivated Jayanegara's wish — it might have been his way to ensure his claim to the throne by preventing rivals from being his half-sisters' suitors, although in the later period of the Majapahit court the custom of marriage among cousins was quite common. In the

10182:. The tales of Panji was dated from the older period during Kediri kingdom, while the tale of Sri Tanjung and the epic of Damarwulan took place during the Majapahit period. These tales remained a popular theme in Javanese culture of later period during Mataram Sultanate, and often became the source of inspiration for 4612:, houses in Java are grand and handsome — they are decorated with gold and jade. The chronicle also noted that when Chinese merchants arrive there they are received as guests in a public building. This indicates that Ma Huan had not yet arrived at the center of Majapahit capital, and was only observing the outskirts. 2871:, southern Burma, and Vietnam, and even sent missions to China. Although the Majapahit rulers extended their power over other islands and destroyed neighbouring kingdoms, their focus seems to have been on controlling and gaining a larger share of the commercial trade that passed through the archipelago. 5513:(Bhatara of). This title is the highest position below the monarch and similar to duke or duchess. Usually, this position reserved for the close relatives of the king. They have to administer their provinces, collect taxes, send annual tributes to the capital, and manage the defences of their borders. 7977:

on the northern coast of Central Java. Ming support to Malacca, and Malacca active proselytizing of Islam, has led to the thriving and rise of Muslim traders community in the archipelago, including in Majapahit ports on the north coast of Java. This in turn gradually corroded the prestige of Javanese

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During the reign of Majapahit's first two monarch — Wijaya and Jayanegara, the kingdom struggled to consolidate its rule, plagued by several rebellions. However, it was not until the reign of its third monarch — Queen Tribhuwana Tunggadewi, and her son, Hayam Wuruk — that the kingdom began to project

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expedition (1275–1293) to incorporate Malay polities in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula within Javanese sphere of influence. Previously, Singhasari seeks to dominate trade route, especially Malacca strait, and also saw the outreach of Mongolian-Chinese Yuan influence into Southeast Asia as the threat

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near Kediri. Jabung temple was mentioned in Nagarakretagama as Bajrajinaparamitapura, despite some parts of its roof and pinnacles are now missing, it is one of the most well-preserved Majapahit temple architecture. Another example includes Gunung Gangsir temple near Pasuruan. Some of the temples are

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The king of this island hath a palace which is truly marvellous. For it is very great, and hath very great staircases, broad and lofty, and the steps thereof are of gold and silver alternately. Likewise the pavement of the palace hath one tile of gold and the other of silver, and the wall of the same

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began entering the area. The Troloyo/Tralaya tomb, a remnant of Islamic cemetery compound was discovered within the Trowulan area, the royal capital of Majapahit. Experts suggest that the cemetery was used between 1368 and 1611 AD, which means Muslim traders had resided in the capital as early as the

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did several centuries earlier. Learning this diplomatic manoeuvre, immediately King Hayam Wuruk sent an envoy to Nanking, convinced the emperor that Malayu was their vassal, and was not an independent country. Subsequently, in 1377, a few years after the death of Gajah Mada, Majapahit sent a punitive

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means bitter). When the Yuan army sent by Kublai Khan arrived, Wijaya allied himself with the army to fight against Jayakatwang. Once Jayakatwang was destroyed, Raden Wijaya forced his allies to withdraw from Java by launching a surprise attack. The Yuan army had to withdraw in confusion as they were

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During the Majapahit era, almost all of the commodities from Asia were found in Java. This is because of extensive shipping by the Majapahit empire using various type of ships, particularly the jong, for trading to faraway places. Ma Huan (Zheng He's translator) who visited Java in 1413, stated that

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in November 2008. Indonesian Ancient Relics Conservation Bureau (BP3) of East Java verified that those coins dated as early as Majapahit era. The reason for using the foreign currency is not given in any source, but most scholars assume it was due to the increasing complexity of Javanese economy and

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discovered in Central Java shows that ancient Javan gold coins were seed-shaped, similar to corn, while the silver coins were similar to buttons. In about the year 1300, in the reign of Majapahit's first king, an important change took place: the indigenous coinage was completely replaced by imported

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The Majapahit temple architecture follows the east Javanese styles, in contrast to earlier central Javanese style. This east Javanese temple style is also dated back from Kediri period c. 11th century. The shapes of Majapahit temples tend to be slender and tall, with a roof constructed from multiple

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In the neighbourhood of that realm (Sumatra) is a great island, Java by name, which hath a compass of a good three thousand miles. And the king of it hath subject to himself seven crowned kings. Now this island is populous exceedingly, and is the second best of all islands that exist. For in it grow

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Previously, Majapahit had succeeded in asserting its influence in Malacca strait by containing the aspiration of Malay polities in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula to ever reach the geopolitical might like those of Srivijaya. The Hindu Majapahit was the most powerful maritime power in Southeast Asian

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According to tradition, Wijaya's son and successor, Jayanegara, was notorious for his immorality. One of his distasteful acts was his desire to take his half-sisters, Gitarja and Rajadewi, as wives. Since Javanese tradition abhorred the practice of half-siblings marrying, the council of royal elders

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The Majapahit dynasty is described in royal inscriptions such as Kudadu (issued in 1294), Sukhamerta (1296), Tuhanyaru (1323), Gajah Mada (1351), Waringin Pitu (1447) and Trailokyapuri (1486). These sources help us to clarify the family relationships and chronologies of the Majapahit rulers, as well

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would be built on the site and completed as early as 2009, to prevent further damage caused by home-made brick industries that developed in the surrounding area. Nevertheless, the project leaves a huge attention to some historians, since constructing the park's foundation in Segaran site located in

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or not is actually depends on the definition of the word and concept of "empire" itself. Majapahit did not performed direct administration of its overseas possessions, they did not maintain permanent military occupation, and did not imposes its political and cultural norms over a wide area; thus it

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took shape of typical Majapahit temple structure — consists of three parts; foot, body and tall roof — evenly split into two mirroring structures to make a passage in the centre for people to walk through. This type of split gate has no doors and provides no real defensive purpose but narrowing the

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Odoric described the palace in more detail: The palace was described as being richer and finer than any existing palace at that time in the world. It had grand, broad, and lofty staircases; which the steps alternately made of gold and silver. The pavement of the palace was made alternately with one

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Patih Baras, Patih Basi, Patih Luhu, dan Patih Dulu, and bodyguards Sang Panimba Segara, Sang Pembelah Batung, Sang Jampang Sasak, and Sang Pengeruntung 'Garuntung' Manau. Multiple battles happened with the first battle in April 1358; killed Majapahit soldiers were burned in Tambak Wasi. Nansarunai

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supernatural means by which the future can be determined. Most scholars do not accept this view, as the historical record corresponds in part with Chinese materials that could not have had similar intention. The references to rulers and details of the state structure show no sign of being invented.

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Text from Fra Mauro map, 10-A13, original Italian: "Circa hi ani del Signor 1420 una naue ouer çoncho de india discorse per una trauersa per el mar de india a la uia de le isole de hi homeni e de le done de fuora dal cauo de diab e tra le isole uerde e le oscuritade a la uia de ponente e de garbin

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dagger in Southeast Asia; from Java, Bali, Sumatra, Malaysia, Brunei to Southern Thailand. Although it has been suggested that the keris, and native daggers similar to it, predate Majapahit, nevertheless the empire expansion contributed to its popularity and diffusion in the region around the year

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in the region had mentioned about the Majapahit kingdom. Other than Javanese sources, some regional legends mentioning Majapahit kingdom or its general Gajah Mada also can be found; from Aceh, Minangkabau, Palembang, the Malay Peninsula, Sunda, Brunei, Bali to Sumbawa. Most of them mentioned about

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kingdoms has shaped the dynamics of geopolitics in the region. Their activities in guarding the sea in pursuit of their economic interest, plus their military activities to safeguard this interests, has led to conflicts between Malays and Javanese. Since early of its formation, Majapahit inherited

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mentioned early Javanese horse lore and horsemanship. The manuscript may reflect the conflict (allegorically) between the newly formed Javanese cavalry and the well-established elite infantry of Javanese armies. In the 14th century CE, Java became an important horse breeder and the island was even

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are used for transporting soldiers to the battlefield and were "parked" before the battle. Some chariots were indeed used in battle, for example, the prime minister Nambi rode a chariot and served as an archer in the Rangga Lawe rebellion (1295 CE). Gajah Mada also rode in a chariot when attacking

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by Tomé Pires written in 1515 records that Java (Majapahit) ruled as far as the Moluccas on the east side and most of the west side of the archipelago; and almost the whole island of Sumatra was under its control and also controlled all the islands known to the Javanese. Majapahit ruled over these

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Nevertheless, the Javanese overseas prestige and influence during the lifetime of Hayam Wuruk was undoubtedly considerable. Majapahit fleets must have periodically visited many places in the archipelago to acquire formal submission, or the splendour of Majapahit court might have attracted regional

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During his daily administration, the king is assisted by bureaucratic state officials that also included the close relatives of the kings that hold certain esteemed titles. The royal order or edict usually transmitted from the king to the high officials well to their subordinates. The officials in

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Chinese coins were thin rounded copper coins with a square hole in the centre of it. The hole was meant to tie together the money in a string of coins. These small changes—the imported Chinese copper coins—enabled Majapahit further invention, a method of savings by using a slitted earthenware coin

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pose. The stiffer pose of Majapahit gods statues is probably in accordance with the statue's function as the deified portrayal self of the dead Majapahit monarch. The carving, however, is richly decorated, especially with a fine floral carving of lotus plants carved on the stela behind the statue.

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and a display of geopolitical reach. The Chinese Ming dynasty had recently overthrown the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty, and was eager to establish their hegemony in the world, which changed the geopolitical balance in Asia. The Chinese intervened in the politics of the southern seas by supporting Thais

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from 1811 to 1816. He reported the existence of "ruins of temples... scattered about the country for many miles", and referred to Trowulan as "this pride of Java". Aerial and satellite imagery has revealed an extensive network of canals crisscrossing the Majapahit capital. Findings from April 2011

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influenced the art and architecture of Majapahit. Majapahit art was the continuation of East Javanese art, style and aesthetically developed since the 11th century during the Kediri and Singhasari period. Unlike the earlier naturalistic, relaxed and flowing figures of classical Central Java-style

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With the fall of Majapahit, crushed by Demak in 1527, the Muslim emerging forces finally defeated the remnants of the Majapahit kingdom in the early 16th century; and with the fall of Majapahit, a large number of courtiers, artisans, priests, and members of the royalty moved east to the island of

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in his travels between 1332 and 1347 visited a place called "Mul Jawa" (island of Java or Majapahit Java, as opposed to "al-Jawa" which refers to Sumatra). The empire spanned 2 months of travel and ruled over the country of Qaqula and Qamara. He arrived at the walled city named Qaqula/Kakula, and

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palace guard, Jayanegara barely escaped from the capital and safely hid in Badander village. While the king was in hiding, Gajah Mada returned to the capital city to assess the situation. After learning that Kuti's rebellion was not supported by the people or nobles of Majapahit court, Gajah Mada

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Majapahit was one of the last major Hindu-Buddhist empires of the region and is considered to be one of the greatest and most powerful empires in the history of Indonesia and Southeast Asia. It is sometimes seen as the precedent for Indonesia's modern boundaries. Its influence extended beyond the

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Terracotta money boxes also have been found in different shapes, such as tubular or boxes, with slits to slip coins. Another important terracotta artefact is the head figurine of a man popularly thought to be the depiction of Gajah Mada, although it is not certain about who was depicted in these

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The statues of Hindu gods and Buddhist deities in Majapahit art were also the continuations of its previous Singhasari art. The statues of East Javanese period tends to be a stiffer and frontal-formal pose, compared to the statues of Central Javanese art (c. 9th century) that are more Indianized

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In this record, Ma Huan also describes a musical troupe travelling during full moon nights. Numbers of people holding shoulders creating an unbroken line while singing and chanting in unison, while the families whose houses being visited would give them copper coins or gifts. He also describes a

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The Suma oriental of Tomé Pires : an account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512-1515 ; and, the book of Francisco Rodrigues, rutter of a voyage in the Red Sea, nautical rules, almanack and maps, written and drawn in the East before 1515 volume

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Maka kaluar dangan parhiasannya orang barbaju-rantai ampat puluh sarta padangnya barkupiah taranggos sakhlat merah, orang mambawa astenggar ampat puluh, orang mambawa parisai sarta padangnya ampat puluh, orang mambawa dadap sarta sodoknya sapuluh, orang mambawa panah sarta anaknya sapuluh, yang

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taken up from peasants. The main weapon used was the spear. Initially, cavalry only existed in limited numbers. They were mainly used for scouting and patrol, and were most likely armed with lances. After the Mongol invasion, the use of horses became more widespread in Java, especially for war.

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Demak came under the leadership of Raden (later crowned as Sultan) Patah, who was acknowledged as the legitimate successor of Majapahit. According to Babad Tanah Jawi and Demak tradition, the source of Patah's legitimacy was because their first sultan, Raden Patah, was the son of Majapahit king

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come from, and the course your ships must take to the Clove Islands, and where the gold mines lie, and the islands of Java and Banda, of nutmeg and mace, and the land of the King of Siam, and also the end of the land of the navigation of the Chinese, the direction it takes, and how they do not

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set the conspiracy to overthrow all of his rivals in the court, led them to revolt against the king, while he gained king's favour and attained the highest position in the government. However, following the death of the last rebel Kuti, Halayudha's treachery was exposed, subsequently, he was

2337:, which equates to 10 November 1293. During his coronation he was given the formal name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana. King Kertarajasa took all four daughters of Kertanegara as his wives, his first wife and prime queen consort Tribhuwaneswari, and her sisters: Prajnaparamita, Narendraduhita, and 6100:, or the Grand State, the core kingdom. The traditional or initial area of Majapahit during its formation before entering the imperial phase. This includes the capital city and the surrounding areas where the king effectively exercises his government. The area in and around royal capital of 5114:

Some idea of the scale of the internal economy can be gathered from scattered data in inscriptions. The Canggu inscriptions dated 1358 mentions 78 ferry crossings in the country (mandala Java). Majapahit inscriptions mention a large number of occupational specialities, ranging from gold and

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The Javanese sources incorporate some poetic mythological elements into their historical accounts. This complexity has led to a variety of interpretive approaches. Cornelis Christiaan Berg, a Dutch historian, have considered the entire historical record to be not a record of the past, but a

10398:(present-day Mojoagung) in 1615—during that time just a small town without significant strategic and economic value—led by the sultan himself, may probably have had such symbolic importance as it was the location of the former Majapahit capital. Central Javanese palaces have traditions and 10094:

Majapahit was the largest empire ever to form in Southeast Asia. Although its political power beyond the core area in east Java was diffuse, constituting mainly ceremonial recognition of suzerainty, Majapahit society developed a high degree of sophistication in both commercial and artistic

3076:

in the region, while the Ming fleet actively established Chinese-Malay Muslim community in coastal northern Java, thus created a permanent opposition to the Hindus of Java. By 1430, the expeditions had established Muslim Chinese, Arab and Malay communities in northern ports of Java such as

17024:

The Suma oriental of Tomé Pires : an account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512-1515; and, the book of Francisco Rodrigues, rutter of a voyage in the Red Sea, nautical rules, almanack and maps, written and drawn in the East before 1515 volume

15080:

The Suma oriental of Tomé Pires : an account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512-1515; and, the book of Francisco Rodrigues, rutter of a voyage in the Red Sea, nautical rules, almanack and maps, written and drawn in the East before 1515 volume

12422:

Celebrated as 'the golden era of the archipelago', the Majapahit empire has inspired many writers and artists (and continues to do so) to create their works based on this era or to describe and mention it. The impact of the Majapahit theme on popular culture can be seen in the following:

7895:

of Malayupura. Adityawarman, the cousin of King Jayanegara, was raised within Majapahit palace and rose to become a senior minister in Majapahit court. He was sent to led Majapahit military expansion to conquer east coast region in Sumatra. Adityawarman then founded the royal dynasty of

7694:

stated that the Southern Javanese people sailed to "far Southern lands" up to the point they arrived at an island where a day only lasted four hours long and was "colder than in any part of the world". Modern studies have determined that such place is located at least 900 nautical miles

7383:(probably Brawijaya or Ranawijaya), numbered 200,000 men, 2,000 of which are horsemen and 4,000 musketeers. Duarte Barbosa ca. 1514 recorded that the inhabitants of Java are great masters in casting artillery and very good artillerymen. They make many one-pounder cannons (cetbang or 12466:(1987–1991), a radio drama and film by Niki Kosasih. Begun as a popular radio drama program in the late 1980s, Saur Sepuh is based on 15th-century Java, centred around the story about a fictional hero named Brama Kumbara, the king of Madangkara, a fictional kingdom neighbour of the 7278:

Military forces in various parts of Southeast Asia were lightly armored. As was common in Southeast Asia, most of the Javanese forces were composed of temporarily conscripted commoners (levy) led by the warrior and noble castes. The "peasant army" was usually bare-chested wearing a

3758:), and light fireworks. Escorted in front, behind, and around by men holding short blades and shields. While the bride is a matted-hair woman, with an uncovered body and barefooted. She wraps herself in embroidered silk, wears a necklace around her neck adorned with gold beads, and 3310:

Brawijaya V with a Chinese concubine. Another argument supports Demak as the successor of Majapahit; the rising Demak sultanate was easily accepted as the nominal regional ruler, as Demak was the former Majapahit vassal and located near the former Majapahit realm in eastern Java.

14849:: "The bitara immediately fitted out 300 junks together with the vessels calúlús, pelang, and jongkong in numbers beyond calculation, and embarked on board of them two Cati of Javans (200,000). Then having set sail, they arrived at Singhapura, and immediately engaged in battle." 10115:

in 1350. The chronicle described that the Majapahit invasion was a punishment for Sultan Ahmad Malik Az-Zahir's crime on ruining a royal marriage between Pasai Prince Tun Abdul Jalil and Raden Galuh Gemerencang, a Majapahit princess — that led to the death of the royal couple.

7607:, it carried 1000 fighting men with red sails. The exact number of jongs fielded by Majapahit is unknown, but the largest number of jongs deployed in an expedition was about 400 jongs when Majapahit attacked Pasai. The average jong used by Majapahit would be about 76.18–79.81 m 2672:

captain Jamuhala was also killed in this battle. While prince Jarang and prince Idong hid in Man near Tabalong-kiwa river. Nansarunai soldiers were concentrated in Pulau Kadap before the second battle happened in December 1362. Casualties from this second battle were buried in

2662:

In 1355, Hayam Wuruk launched the third invasion of Dayak Ma'anyan kingdom of Nan Sarunai, which at the time was led by Raden Anyan or Datu Tatuyan Wulau Miharaja Papangkat Amas. This invasion was led by Ampu Jatmika from Kalingga, Kediri with his entourage which according to

14292:: p. 98 and 157: "Then he directed them to make ready all the equipment and munitions of war needed for an attack on the land of Pasai – about four hundred of the largest junks, and also many barges (malangbang) and galleys." See also Nugroho (2011). p. 270 and 286, quoting 7096:

Because of the close maritime relations of the Nusantara archipelago with the territory of west India, after 1460 new types of gunpowder weapons entered the archipelago through Arab intermediaries. This weapon seems to be cannon and gun of Ottoman tradition, for example the

7861:

to their interest. During its formation, the returning Pamalayu expedition in 1293 has brought Malayu Kingdoms in Jambi and Dharmasraya under Javanese suzerainty. Therefore, Java often considers itself as the overlord of most of the polities in the Indonesian archipelago.

4579:

high (about 30 feet 7 inches or 9.32 metres), with length of more than 200 paces (340 yards or 310 metres) and on the wall there are two layers of gates, the palace is very well guarded and clean. The king's palace was a two-storey building, each of them 3 or 4

5316:

for major or minor punishment. They tied the guilty men on his hands in the back with rattan rope and paraded them, and then stabbed the offender in the back where there is a floating rib which resulted in instant death. Judicial executions of this kind were frequent.

3828:, elephants, oxen to draw the wagons of gilt and painted woodwork. The nobilities go out in triumphal cars, and if they go by sea they go in painted and ornamented kelulus; there are beautiful apartments for their women, other places for the nobles who accompanied him. 5312:, when the one being stabbed was wounded and dead, the murderer will flee and hide for three days, then he will not lose his life. But if he was caught during the fight, he will instantly be stabbed to death (execution by stabbing). The country of Majapahit knows no 17096: 10556:

Pura Kawitan Majapahit was built in 1995 as a homage to honour the empire that inspires the nation. Majapahit is often regarded as the antecedent of the modern state of Indonesia. This Hindu temple complex is located within Trowulan just north of Segaran pool.

3011:

Chinese admiral, arrived in Java several times spanning the period from 1405 to 1433. These Chinese voyages visited numbers of ports in Asia as far as Africa, including Majapahit ports. It was said that Zheng He has paid a visit to the Majapahit court in Java.

10573:

will inevitably damage the site itself. Ancient bricks which are historically valuable were found scattered on the site. The government then argued that the method they were applying were less destructive since digging method were used instead of drilling.

2859:. Geographical and economic constraints suggest that rather than a regular centralised authority, the outer states were most likely to have been connected mainly by trade connections, which were probably a royal monopoly. It also claimed relationships with 10545:, who swore that he would not taste any spice as long as he had not succeeded in unifying Nusantara (Indonesian archipelago). This ancient oath of unification signifies the Palapa satellite as the modern means to unify the Indonesian archipelago by way of 5259:(1967), there is no definite record regarding the time when this criminal law was drafted. However, based on some evidence, it can be concluded that this book of law written in old Javanese was originated from the Majapahit period during the reign of King 3369:

to Majapahit came to the capital to pay court. Majapahit's territories were roughly divided into three types: the palace and its vicinity; the areas of east Java and Bali which were directly administered by officials appointed by the king; and the outer

2434:

visited the Majapahit court in Java. He mentioned Java to be well-populated and filled with cloves, nutmeg and many other spices. He also mentioned that the king of Java had seven vassals under him and engaged in several wars with the "khan of Cathay".

4669:

that the temple is perceived taller than its actual height. The pinnacle of the temples are usually cube (mostly Hindu temples), sometimes dagoba cylindrical structures (Buddhist temples). Although some of the temples dated from Majapahit period used

12925:

or seven Bhattara or Bhres (Dukes/Duchess), which is seven influential elders that rules over seven nagara or regional kingdoms, corresponds to Majapahit provinces in East and Central Java; i.e. Kahuripan, Daha, Tumapel, Wengker, Lasem, Pajang, and

10194:

dance drama. The Panji tales, in particular, have spread from East Java to become a source of inspiration for literature and dance drama throughout the region, as far as the Malay Peninsula, Cambodia and Siam where he is known as Raden Inao or Enau

5138:

mentioned that large numbers of Chinese traders and Muslim merchants from the west (from Arab and India, but mostly from Muslim states in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula) are settling in Majapahit port cities, such as Tuban, Gresik and Hujung Galuh

7228: 3695:

Commoners' clothing for men is without headgear and women arrange their hair like a bun secured with a hairpin. They wore clothing on the upper body and wrapped unstitched fabrics around the bottom part, Men from a boy aged three to elders slipped

7634:). This hybrid junk incorporated Chinese techniques, such as using iron nails alongside wooden dowels, the construction of watertight bulkheads, and the addition of a central rudder. Besides that, other types of vessels used by Majapahit navy are 5115:

silversmiths to drink vendors and butchers. Although many of these occupations had existed in earlier times, the proportion of the population earning an income from non-agrarian pursuits seems to have become even greater during the Majapahit era.

12911:

V. Another paper noted that the reasons for the attacks Demak (led by Adipati Yunus) to Majapahit (Girindrawardhana period) are a backlash against Girindrawardhana who had defeated Adipati Yunus' grandfather Prabu Bhre Kertabumi (Prabu Brawijaya

6082:

When Majapahit entered the thalassocracy imperial phase during the administration of Gajah Mada, several overseas vassal states were included within the Majapahit sphere of influence, as a result, the new larger territorial concept was defined:

14298:

Sa-telah itu, maka di-suroh baginda musta'idkan segala kelengkapan dan segala alat senjata peperangan akan mendatangi negeri Pasai itu, sa-kira-kira empat ratus jong yang besar-besar dan lain daripada itu banyak lagi daripada malangbang dan

1824:) although the scope of Majapahit sphere of influence is still the subject of debate among historians. The nature of Majapahit's relations and influence upon its overseas vassals and also its status as an empire still provokes discussion. 4573:, Ma Huan also describes the Majapahit cities: most of them do not have walls surrounding the city or the suburbs. He describes the king's palace in Majapahit. The king's residence is surrounded with thick red brick walls more than three 6993:, an achievement that only a handful of Southeast Asian empires could hope to achieve. In addition to these professional soldiers, Majapahit was strengthened by troops from subordinate countries and regional leaders. From the records of 14808:

Setelah Betara Majapahit mendengar bunyi surat bendahari Singapura itu, maka baginda pun segera menyuruhkan berlengkap tiga ratus jong, lain daripada banting dan jongkong, kelulos, tiada berbilang lagi; dua keti rakyat Jawa yang pergi

4497:

One of the most interesting findings is the Majapahit piggy bank. Several boar-shaped piggy banks have been discovered in Trowulan. It is probably the origin of Javanese-Indonesian word to refer for saving or money container. The word

5143:). A special tax was levied against some foreigners, possibly those who had taken up semi-permanent residence in Java and conducted some type of enterprise other than foreign trade. The Majapahit Empire had trading links with Chinese 3807:, who visited the archipelago in 1512, recorded the culture of Java in the late Majapahit era, after his visit to the island between March and June 1513. Pires' account tells about the lords and nobles in Java. They are described as: 3404: 7321:

s (ministers or officers) of Gajah Mada wore armor in the form of chain mail or breastplate with gold decoration and dressed in yellow attire, while Kidung Sundayana canto 1 stanza 95 mentioned that Gajah Mada wore golden embossed

5133:

The Nagarakretagama states that the fame of the ruler of Wilwatikta (a synonym for Majapahit) attracted foreign merchants from far and wide, including Indians, Khmers, Siamese, and Chinese among others. While in the later period,

2907:

By the time of Hayam Wuruk's death, Majapahit had lost its grip on its vassal states on the northern coasts of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, the latter which according to Chinese sources, would become a tributary state of the

4550: 3520:

In his book, he mentioned that he visited Java without explaining the exact place he had visited. He said that king of Java ruled over seven other kings (vassals). He described the richness of this island, and recorded that the

5233:, Majapahit employed a well-organised bureaucratic structure for administrative purposes. The hierarchy and structure relatively remain intact and unchanged throughout Majapahit history. The king is the paramount ruler, as the 4313:

Nagarakretagama composed by Prapanca in 1365 is a vital source of the premier historical account of Majapahit historiography. While Sutasoma is an important literature for modern Indonesian nationhood, since the national motto

2019:

inscriptions on stone and metal, which are contemporary with the events they describe. These inscriptions provide valuable information about dynasties, religious affairs, village communities, society, economics, and the arts.

16999:"Maka betara Majapahitpun menitahkan hulubalangnya berlengkap perahu akan menyerang Singapura itu, seratus buah jung; lain dari itu beberapa melangbing dan kelulus, jongkong, cerucuh, tongkang, tiada terhisabkan lagi banyaknya 4813:

style gate is the elegant Bajang Ratu gate richly decorated with Kala demon, cyclops and also the bas-relief telling the story of Sri Tanjung. Those typical Majapahit architectural style has deeply influenced the Javanese and

3793:

class of artisans that draws various images on paper and give a theatrical performance. The narrator tells the story of legends, tales and romance drawn upon a screen of rolled paper. This kind of performance is identified as

7462:

breeds steadily grew. In 1513 CE Tomé Pires praised the highly decorated horses of Javanese nobility, complemented by gold-studded stirrups and lavishly decorated saddles that were "not found anywhere else in the world". The

7969:

upon Majapahit shores has pushed Majapahit prestige and power to the side. Ming on the other hand, actively support the rise of Malacca. This Ming protection has made Majapahit unwilling and unable to push Malacca anymore.

7925:

In later years after the era of Hayam Wuruk, Majapahit has lost their grips on some of their overseas possessions. This led to the thrive and the rise of several polities previously held under Majapahit domination, such as

3823:

and other dogs; and they have so many pictures painted with images and hunting scenes. Their clothes are adorned with gold, their krises, swords, knives, cutlasses are all inlaid with gold; they have numbers of concubines,

3199:, further weakening Majapahit's influence on the western part of the archipelago. Kertabhumi managed to stabilize this situation by allying with Muslim merchants, giving them trading rights on the north coast of Java, with 3167:

In 1468 Prince Kertabhumi rebelled against Singhawikramawardhana, promoting himself as the king of Majapahit. Deposed Singhawikramawardhana retreated upstream of Brantas River, moved the kingdom's capital further inland to

7484: 4584:

high (9.32–12.42 metres or 30.6–40.7 feet). It had wooden plank floors and exposed mats made from rattan or reeds (presumably palm leaves), where people sat cross-legged. The roof was made of hardwood shingles (Javanese:

12470:. In several stories the Paregreg war is described, that is to say, the civil war of Majapahit between Wikramawardhana and Bhre Wirabhumi. This part has been made into a single feature film entitled 'Saur Sepuh' as well. 5303:. The punishments handed down included the death penalty, mutilation of the guilty body parts, fines and compensation. Additional penalties included ransom, confiscation, and money compensation for medication and drugs. 7329:

Majapahit also pioneered the use of firearms in the archipelago. Even though the knowledge of making gunpowder-based weapons has been known after the failed Mongol invasion of Java, and the predecessor of firearms, the

14787: 20869: 5286:

which regulates the punishment for murder. Overall, this criminal code consists of 19 sections that regulate various aspects of life. In addition to the punishment for the crime of murders which are summarised in the

14301:." (After that, he is tasked by His Majesty to ready all the equipment and all weapons of war to come to that country of Pasai, about four hundred large jongs and other than that much more of malangbang and kelulus.) 13305: 3128:

was ruled by his brother, Sultan Sadik Muhammad Shah, until his death in 1429. This necessitated Kemas Jiwa to return and took the throne as Iskandar, where he declared Kelantan as Majapahit II in Mahligai. Although

17001:." (So the king of Majapahit ordered his war commander to equip vessels for attacking Singapore, a hundred jong; other than that a few melangbing and kelulus; jongkong, cerucuh, tongkang all in uncountable numbers.) 13166: 4541: 2676:

in Bayu Hinrang. In this war Raden Anyan was killed, speared by Mpu Nala, and buried in Banua Lawas. In its place, Ampu Jatmika founded a Hindu kingdom state Negara Dipa under Majapahit tributary, predecessor of

2014:

While significant details about the history of Majapahit remain vague, this period of Javanese history is the more comprehensively documented than any other. The most reliable written sources for this period are

18913: 2973:. Wikramawardhana was victorious. Wirabhumi was caught and decapitated. However the civil war drained financial resources, exhausted the kingdom, and weakened Majapahit's grip on its outer vassals and colonies. 1988:

Compared to contemporary societies elsewhere in Asia, little physical evidence of Majapahit remains, Majapahit did produce physical evidence: the main ruins dating from the Majapahit period are clustered in the

3668: 7180: 2895:

Following Hayam Wuruk's death in 1389, Majapahit power entered a period of decline with conflict over succession. Hayam Wuruk was succeeded by the crown princess Kusumawardhani, who married a relative, Prince

2030:. A few inscriptions found outside Java, such as the Pura Abang C inscription discovered in northern Bali, offer conclusive evidence that these areas were under Majapahit control during the late 14th century. 14901: 3711:

Majapahit people, men and women, favoured their head. If someone was touched on his head, or if there is a misunderstanding or argument when drunk, they will instantly draw their knives and stab each other.

3384: 7017:

So the two parties returned to their respective places. That was how the war went on every day, for about three months, the war was unrelenting, because the Javanese kingdom also received help from foreign

4768:

era. This temple was identified in Nagarakretagama as Palah temple and reported being visited by King Hayam Wuruk during his royal tour across East Java. Another notable temple of Eastern Javanese style is

4606:(48.9 inches or 124 centimetres) above the ground, where they kept the family property, and they lived on top of this building, to sit and sleep. Not every house in Java looked like this: According to the 3440: 4593:

tile of gold and the other of silver, and the inside wall plated all over with gold, with knight sculptures of gold ornamented with precious stones. The ceiling of Majapahit palace was made of pure gold.

7803:), Oman, Aden, and the Red Sea. The passenger brought their wives and children, even some of them never leave the ship to go on shore, nor have any other dwelling, for they are born and die in the ship. 7495: 7263: 1951:

refers to the kingdom's capital, but today it is common to refer to the kingdom with its capital's name. In Javanese primary sources, the kingdom as an extended territory is generally referred to not as

3814:

The lords go out hunting or pleasure-seeking in such exalted style. They spend all their time in pleasures, the retinues had so many lances in holders of gold and silver, so richly inlaid, with so many

2417:

After Kuti forces were defeated, Jayanegara was safely returned to his throne. For his loyalty and excellent service, Gajah Mada was promoted to high office to begin his career in royal court politics.

2635:. This expansion marked the greatest extent of Majapahit, making it one of the most influential empires in Indonesian history. It is considered a commercial trading empire in the civilisation of Asia. 7196: 6607:

consists of 98 tributaries stretching from Sumatra to New Guinea. Some scholars have discounted this claim as merely a sphere of limited influence, or even just a statement of geographical knowledge.

4773:

in Pandaan — also visited by King Hayam Wuruk, the temple was mentioned in Nagarakretagama as Jajawa, and was dedicated as a mortuary temple for his great-grandfather, King Kertanegara of Singhasari.

14364:

Kusmartono dan Widianto (1998), based on ash sample analysis in 1996 of burned Majapahit forces corpses from first nansarunai battle in Tambak Wasi and Candi Agung, Amuntai, gave the date April 1358.

13006:

A type of scatter bullet—when shot it spews fire, splinters and bullets, and can also be arrows. The characteristic of this projectile is that the bullet does not cover the entire bore of the barrel.

7907:

Within Indonesian archipelago, Majapahit saw itself as the centre of a huge mandala. This notion is demonstrated by its three-tier administrative hierarchy; Nagara Agung, Mancanegara, and Nusantara.

4818:

of later period. The current prevalence of Majapahit style pendopo pavilion, candi bentar and paduraksa gates was owed to the influence of Majapahit aesthetics on Javanese and Balinese architecture.

12480:

historical epic fictional story with the Majapahit era serving as the background of the story. The story also involved a romance between the hero named Arya Kamandanu and his Chinese lover Mei Shin.

18923: 4518:"-an" was added to denote its likeness. One important specimen is stored in the National Museum of Indonesia, it has been reconstructed since this large piggy bank has been found broken to pieces. 7714:". Basically, the navigators determine the bow of the ship to the islands that are recognized by using the position of rising and setting of certain stars above the horizon. In the Majapahit era, 7291:. Irawan Djoko Nugroho argues that it may be shaped like a long tube and was made of cast copper. In contrast, the regular infantry (professional soldiers, not the levy) wore a scale armor called 5249:

of Majapahit kingdom follows the regulations related to the criminal code of law which became the guidelines for people's lives at that time. This rule of law can be found in a manuscript called

3234:, when Ranawijaya's army under general Udara (who later became vice-regent) breached Trowulan defences and killed Kertabumi in his palace, but not the actual fall of Majapahit itself as a whole. 3766:

nut, reeds and flowers are sewn, and arrange a party to welcome the couple on such a festive occasion. When the groom arrives home, the gong and drum are sounded, they will drink wine (possibly

3680: 2692:

Along with launching naval and military expeditions, the expansion of the Majapahit Empire involved diplomacy and alliance. Hayam Wuruk decided, probably for political reasons, to take princess

1993:

area, which was the royal capital of the kingdom. The area has become the centre for the study of Majapahit history. The Trowulan archaeological site was first documented in the 19th century by

12985:

Bhre Wirabhumi is actually the title: the Duke of Wirabhumi (Blambangan), the real name is unknown. He is referred to as Bhre Wirabhumi in Pararaton. He married Nagawardhani, the king's niece.

1930:), as it is a widespread practice in Java to name an area, a village or settlement with the most conspicuous or abundant tree or fruit species found in that region. The 16th-century chronicle 1998: 12629:(referred as Gitarja in-game) as the leader of the Indonesian civilization, with the emblem being a simpler version of the Surya Majapahit. The unique unit of Indonesian civilization is the 7440: 21077: 16533:

25 爪哇國（自占城起程，順風二十晝夜可至其國）26 古名闍婆，地廣人稠，實甲兵器械，乃為東洋諸番之衝要。舊傳鬼子魔天，正於此地，與一罔象青面紅身赤髮相合。凡生子百餘，常食啖人血肉。佛書所云鬼國，其中只此地也。人被啖幾盡，忽一曰雷震石裂，中坐一人，眾稱異之，遂為國主，即領兵驅逐罔象，而不為害。後複生齒而安業，乃至今國之移文，後書一千三百七十六年。考之肇啟漢初，傳至我宣德七年。

18882: 3136:

The reign of Suhita was the second time Majapahit was reigned by a queen regnant after her great-grandmother Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi. Her reign is immortalized in Javanese legend of

2758:, written in 1365, depicts a sophisticated court with refined taste in art and literature and a complex system of religious rituals. The poet describes Majapahit as the centre of a huge 21072: 15736: 6912: 6152:. However, in the later period, overseas provinces which have developed culture reflected or comparable to those of Java, or possess significant trading importance, are also considered 3072:

The Chinese provided systematic support to Malacca, and its sultan made at least one trip to personally pay obeisance to the Ming emperor. Malacca actively encouraged the conversion to

13615: 6625:

The model of political formations and power diffusion from its core in the Majapahit capital city that radiates through its overseas possessions was later identified by historians as "

3727:

for the meal, first, they took a scoop of water and soak betel in their mouth, then wash their hands and sit down to make a circle; getting a plate of rice soaked in butter (probably

3545:

Now the Great Khan of Cathay many a time engaged in war with this king; but this king always vanquished and got the better of him. And many other things there be which I write not.

2484:

Jayanegara's stepmother, Gayatri Rajapatni — the most revered matriarch of the court — was supposed to take the helm. However, Rajapatni had retired from worldly affairs to become a

17103:, Jakarta: Pusat Riset Wilayah Laut dan Sumber Daya Nonhayati, Badan Riset Kelautan dan Perikanan; Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia, pp. 53–124 5126:

projects were undertaken, some with government assistance. Secondly, Majapahit's ports on the north coast were probably significant stations along the route to obtain the spices of

3858: 15852: 10560:

During the last half-year of 2008, the Indonesian government sponsored a massive exploration on the site that is believed to be the place where the palace of Majapahit once stood.

3183:

And in between this period of the dividing court of Majapahit, the kingdom found itself unable to control its western part of the already crumbling empire. The rising power of the

18399: 12676:, comically mispronouncing "Majapahit" in rapid succession ("It's the Mahajapit... Majahapit... Mapajahit... Mahapajit... Mapajahit") before settling on the correct pronunciation. 5501:

During its formation, Majapahit traditional realm only consists of lesser vassal kingdoms (provinces) in eastern and central Java. This region is ruled by provincial kings called

3283:, Sultan of Demak, left Majapahit alone like his father had done before, some source said Udara agreed to become a vassal of Demak, even marrying Raden Patah's youngest daughter. 3176:), effectively splitting Majapahit, under Bhre Kertabumi in Trowulan and Singhawikramawardhana in Daha. Singhawikramawardhana continued his rule until he was succeeded by his son 3420: 2883:

mid-14th century during the reign of Hayam Wuruk. Two Muslim tombstones in Troloyo were dated from the 14th century (1368 AD, 1376 AD). The close proximity of the site with the

15542: 3203:

as its centre and in return asked for their loyalty to Majapahit. This policy boosted the Majapahit treasury and power but weakened Hindu-Buddhism as its main religion because

2438:

In 1328, Jayanegara was murdered by his physician, Tanca, during a surgical operation. In complete mayhem and rage, Gajah Mada immediately killed Tanca. The motive behind this

2268:, a vassal state of Singhasari, had usurped and killed Kertanagara. After being pardoned by Jayakatwang with the aid of Madura's regent Arya Wiraraja, Kertanegara's son-in-law 21092: 21087: 14803: 3069:, a detailed description of Majapahit, which provides valuable insight on the culture, customs, and also various social and economic aspects of Java during Majapahit period. 21082: 18877: 6883:

for a long time until about a hundred years earlier, when its power began to wane until it became similar to that during the year of Pires' visit to Java (March–June 1513).

4435:-like figures, such as those carved on East Javanese temple's bas-reliefs. The bas-reliefs were projected rather flat from the background. This style was later preserved in 17900: 5030:

is a fruit similar to Loquat, but larger contained three blocky white flesh with a sweet and sour taste. Sugarcane has white stems, large and coarse, with roots reaching 3

3738:

The population consisted of Muslim merchants from the west (Arab and Muslim Indians, but mostly those from Muslim states in Sumatra), Chinese (claimed to be descendants of

3656: 5251: 4179:

and spiritual teacher. The spiritual circumstances of Majapahit, seems to promote the harmony between the adherents of Shiva and Buddha. As demonstrated in the manuscript

3636: 2681:. While surviving Javanese, Dayak, Madurese, and Bugis soldiers, sailors, metalsmiths of this war settled in Amuntai, Alabio, and Nagara. These invasions were recorded in 17480: 13194: 6116:

peaks, are the core realm of the kingdom. The Brantas river valley corridor, connecting Majapahit Trowulan area to Canggu and estuarine areas in Kahuripan (Sidoarjo) and

4069:, a syncretic Hindu-Buddhist temple of Shiva-Buddha cult, dated from late 13th century Singhasari kingdom, which later renovated and preserved during the Majapahit period 18887: 6707: 5767: 13732:(Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afd. Letterkunde, vol. 69, no. 1) Amsterdam: N.V. Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, 1962 3777:

About the burial rituals, the dead body was left on the beach or empty land to be devoured by dogs (for lower-class), cremated, or committed into the waters (Javanese:

3512: 1774:, whose reigns in the mid-14th century were marked by conquests that extended throughout Southeast Asia. This achievement is also credited to the famous prime minister 20723: 6679:

In addition, in canto 83 stanza 4 and 93 stanza 1 are mentioned the places that became the origin of merchants and scholars. The regions are Jambudwipa (India), Cina,

528: 503: 372: 4375:

Originally, the poem was meant to promote the religious tolerance between the Hindu and Buddhist religions, specifically promote the syncretic Shiva-Buddha doctrine.

17599: 14214: 4113: 3093:; thus Islam began to gain a foothold on the northern coast of Java. Malacca prospered under Chinese Ming protection, while the Majapahit were steadily pushed back. 3279:

In 1498, there was a turning point when Girindrawardhana was deposed by his vice-regent, Udara. After this coup, the war between Demak and Majapahit receded, since

17617: 17510: 5094:

system that used much smaller denominations suitable for use in everyday market transactions. This was a role for which gold and silver are not well suited. These

5080:

Taxes and fines were paid in cash. Javanese economy had been partly monetised since the late 8th century, using gold and silver coins. Previously, the 9th-century

2814:

naval attack against a rebellion in Palembang, contributing to the end of the Srivijayan successor kingdom. Besides Gajah Mada, Another famous military leader was

13540: 20728: 12551: 7251: 6905: 6156:. Either the province has its own native rulers subject (vassal) to the king, or a regent appointed and sent by the king to rule the region. This realm includes 4190:

During the Majapahit period, religious teaching played an important role in the society. The religious education could be done individually within households of

3313:

Demak established itself as the regional power and the first Islamic sultanate in Java. After the fall of Majapahit, the Hindu kingdoms in Java only remained in

1345: 17241:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1993). 'The Vanishing Jong: Insular Southeast Asian Fleets in Trade and War (Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries)', in Anthony Reid (ed.),

13018:

has 2 meanings: In Indonesian language, it refers to round shield made of leather or rattan, while in old Javanese it refers to a long, narrow parrying shield.

10214:. The empire's expansion circa 14th-century contributed to the diffusion Javanese cultural influence throughout the archipelago, which can be seen as a form of 413: 21332: 17449: 10507:

as an expression of state expansion and consolidation. Like Majapahit, the modern state of Indonesia covers vast territory and is politically centred on Java.

9687: 5274:

was death. According to the manuscript Kidung Sorandaka, it was said that Demung Sora, a minister of Majapahit court, was sentenced to death penalty under the

4106:, Kahuripan, Kadiri, to Singhasari kingdom. It seems that both Hinduism and Buddhism are widely practised by Majapahit subjects. Nevertheless, native Javanese 2507:

During Tribhuwana's rule, the Majapahit kingdom grew much larger and became famous in the area. Under the initiative of her able and ambitious prime minister,

2114: 14997: 6672:, which means "to be exposed to light". It is interpreted as protected or sheltered. The term "protected area" in the modern state system is referred to as a 4776:

Some of the typical architectural styles are believed to be developed during Majapahit era; such as tall and slender roofed red brick gate commonly called as

18482: 2931:, a rebellious colony. Singapura was finally sacked by Majapahit in 1398, after approximately 1 month long siege by 300 jong and 200,000 men. The last king, 2492:, or known in her formal regnal name as Tribhuwannottungadewi Jayawishnuwardhani, as the queen of Majapahit under Rajapatni's auspices. Tribhuwana appointed 355: 17821:. Translated by Saktiani, Damaika; Widya, Kartika; Aminullah, Zakaria Pamuji; Marginingrum, Novi; Septi, Neda (2nd (revised) ed.). Yogyakarta: Narasi. 10103:

the incoming Javanese forces to their land, which was probably a local testament of the empire's expansive nature that once dominating the archipelago. The

4801:

passage. It probably only served the ceremonial and aesthetic purpose, to create the sense of grandeur, before entering the next compound through tall roof

395: 20750: 18465: 17935: 12514:, a comic book series by Jan Mintaraga, published by Elexmedia Komputindo. This series tells the history of Majapahit from its formation until the decline. 9617: 7426: 3207:

spread faster, especially in Javanese coastal principalities. Hindu-Buddhist followers' grievances later paved the way for Ranawijaya to defeat Kertabumi.

2361: 15273: 7706:

ethnicities, use a solid navigation system: Orientation at sea is carried out using a variety of different natural signs, and by using a very distinctive

7412: 3525:

emperors had repeatedly tried to attack Java, but always ended up in failure and managed to be sent back to the mainland. His full account is as follows:

2519:

in the following centuries. Tribhuwana ruled Majapahit until the death of her mother in 1350. She abdicated the throne in favour of her son, Hayam Wuruk.

21327: 20490: 18933: 17574: 12815:(canto 18 stanza 4). However it is still more widely known by its Old Javanese name, as recorded in Javanese and Balinese manuscripts, as well as in the 12542: 334: 21004: 9737: 6898: 6136:— traditionally refer to Majapahit provinces in East and Central Java. This area covered the eastern half of Java, with all its provinces ruled by the 3120:, who ruled from 1429 to 1447. She was the second child of Wikramawardhana by a concubine who was the daughter of Wirabhumi. She was married to future 12592:(2009), an anthology of short stories written by Rendra Fatrisna Kurniawan, imagining the life of the Nusantara people, published by Babel Publishing. 12448:, telling the everyday life of Panji Koming, a common Majapahit citizen. Although it took place in the Majapahit era, the comic strip serves as witty 10295: 18361: 14172: 10503:

presented its vision of a classless society as a reincarnation of a romanticised Majapahit. It was invoked by Sukarno for nation building and by the

9557: 3762:

on her wrist with ornaments of gold, silver and other precious ornaments. Family, friends and neighbours decorate a decorative boat with betel leaf,

2329:

founded a stronghold with the capital Majapahit. The exact date used as the birth of the Majapahit kingdom is the day of his coronation, the 15th of

1325: 17321: 15608: 7348:

for marriage ceremony in 1413, the knowledge of making "true" firearms came much later, after the middle of the 15th century. It was brought by the

13836: 13491: 13473: 9056: 8062: 7523:. Naval troops get preferential treatment in terms of facilities. Majapahit navy personnel were large, as noted Nagarakretagama canto 16 stanza 5: 7453:

The first true cavalry (organized units of cooperative horsemen) in Java may have appeared during the 12th century CE. The old Javanese manuscript

6573: 3156: 2970: 3357:, was grand and known for its great annual festivities. The main event of the administrative calendar took place on the first day of the month of 3260:, being the dominant ruler of the Javanese coastal lands and Java as a whole, seized the region of Jambi and Palembang in Sumatra from Majapahit. 2064:("The Monarchs") was compiled sometime between 1481 and 1600.Both of these chronicles survive as 19th- or 20th-century palm-leaf manuscripts. The 14343:

Kerajaan-kerajaan awal kepulauan Indonesia dan Semenanjung Malaysia: perkembangan sejarah dan budaya Asia Tenggara (Jaman pra sejarah – abad xvi)

14117:

Early Mapping of Southeast Asia: The Epic Story of Seafarers, Adventurers, and Cartographers Who First Mapped the Regions Between China and India

12570: 9221: 7376:(殊域周咨錄) recorded that Java is vast and densely populated, and their armored soldiers and hand cannons (火銃—huǒ chòng) dominated the Eastern Seas. 5099:

container. These are commonly found in Majapahit ruins, the slit in the small opening to put the coins in. The most popular shape is boar-shaped

4279:(Hindu-Buddhist poet or scholar) in Majapahit era. Notable literary works that were produced in the Majapahit period among others are Prapanca's 4049: 3238: 1305: 5379:, and together with the king, they determine the important state policies, including war or peace. Among the Dharmmadhyaksa officials, there is 5237:

he is considered the universal ruler and believed to be the living god on earth. The king holds the highest political authority and legitimacy.

4853:. Unlike previous Majapahit temples that demonstrate typical Hindu architecture of high-rise towering structure, the shape of these temples are 2847:

The nature of the Majapahit empire and its extent is subject to debate. It may have had limited or entirely notional influence over some of the

2557:, also known as Rajasanagara, ruled Majapahit in 1350–1389. During this period, Majapahit attained its peak with the help of the prime minister 21352: 16680:

Wade, G., 2009, "The horse in Southeast Asia before 1500 CE: Some vignettes," in: B. G. Fragner, R. Kauz, R. Ptak and A. Schottenhammer (eds),

16588:南海文明圖譜：復原南海的歷史基因◆繁體中文版 (Map of South China Sea Civilization: Restoring the Historical Gene of the South China Sea. Traditional Chinese Version) 10390:, in court chronicles was said to be the son of Kertabumi with Putri Cina, a Chinese princess, who had been sent away before her son was born. 9314: 7627:

in a fleet of 200 large ships and 2000 smaller vessels. The royal family boarded a nine-decked hybrid Sino-Southeast Asian junk (Old Javanese:

5085:

Chinese copper cash. About 10,388 ancient Chinese coins weighing about 40 kg were even unearthed from the backyard of a local commoner in

3715:

The population of the country did not have a bed or chair to sit and to eat they do not use a spoon or chopsticks. Men and women enjoy chewing

3152: 1663: 19345: 16879: 15740: 7208: 4792:. The large split gate of Wringin Lawang located at Jatipasar, Trowulan, Mojokerto, East Java, is one of the oldest and the largest surviving 18487: 13623: 10066: 7128:. The main task of these troops is for protecting the king and nobilities, but they may also be deployed to the battlefield if required. The 3155:

became a king with formal name Rajasawardhana. He died in 1453. A three-year kingless period was possibly the result of a succession crisis.

14666: 12867:

According to the History of Ming, only these areas in Sumatra were still mentioned as under Javanese / Majapahit supremacy at the time. Read

4640: 20586: 18504: 17340: 12672:

video called "History of the Entire World, I Guess," the brief segment showcasing the Majapahit features the video's narrator and creator,

12415: 9597: 2357: 1394: 75: 17268: 17040: 15113:

Marwati Djoenoed Poesponegoro dan Nugroho Notosusanto. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia. Jilid II. Cetakan V. (PN. Balai Pustaka, Jakarta, 1984)

14281: 6640:

Foreign or overseas territories are mentioned in Nagarakretagama canto 15 stanza 1. These territories include Syangka (Siam), Ayodyapura (

6208: 4837:

In later period near the fall of Majapahit, the art and architecture of Majapahit witnessed the revival of indigenous native Austronesian

4128:

The monarch and most of the royal family adhered to Hinduism, with certain emphasis on the cult of their own preferred main deity, either

21362: 20942: 15849: 13646: 9637: 9151: 6997:

and Malay Annals, the total number of Majapahit troops could reach 200,000 people. The Majapahit troops were multiethnic, similar to the

6808: 4629: 2901: 2550:. The existing historical records from several sources only partially describe the years listed and thus are subject to ayo sharevisions. 14776:." (then His Majesty immediately ordered to equip three hundred jong, other than that kelulus, pelang, jongkong in uncountable numbers.) 14093: 3731:) and gravy, and eat using hands to lift the rice and put it in their mouth. When receiving guests, they will offer the guests, not the 17082:

The travels of Ludovico di Varthema in Egypt, Syria, Arabia Deserta and Arabia Felix, in Persia, India, and Ethiopia, A.D. 1503 to 1508

16667:

The travels of Ludovico di Varthema in Egypt, Syria, Arabia Deserta and Arabia Felix, in Persia, India, and Ethiopia, A.D. 1503 to 1508

12659:

A unit called Cetbang Cannon is available for Indonesia, a revolutionary nation available for the Dutch and Portuguese civilization in

10395: 4743:

of Indonesia's classical age, it was Majapahit architects of the 14th and 15th centuries who mastered it. Making use of a vine sap and

2530:

which oppose the king of China (Yuan dynasty) and waged war with him using numerous junks until he made a peace on certain conditions.

5026:— is something like a pomegranate, peel it like an orange, it has four lumps of white flesh, sweet and sour taste and very delicious. 3505:

island to Sumatra, before visiting Java and Banjarmasin. He returned to Italy by land through Vietnam, China, all the way through the

21367: 20879: 20874: 20816: 20718: 18470: 15546: 10222:

and kris, being expanded and introduced to islands outside of Java. The descriptions of the architecture of the capital's pavilions (

9951: 9847: 6828: 6798: 6758: 14018: 7399:, guns (cannons), and other fire-works. Every place is considered excellent in casting artillery, and in the knowledge of using it. 4187:

which promotes the religious tolerance between the Hinduism and Buddhism, specifically promote the syncretic Shiva-Buddha doctrine.

21342: 20740: 17928: 17891: 14774:

maka bagindapun segera menyuruh berlengkap tiga ratus buah jung, lain dari pada itu kelulus, pelang, jongkong, tiada terbilang lagi

14607: 14115: 9304: 8867: 8863: 7588:. The jongs were large transport ships that could carry 100–2000 tons of cargo and 50–1000 people. They are about 26.36–80.51 m in 7368:

ca. 1436 stated that Java (Majapahit) is equipped with armored soldiers and equipment, and it is the center of the Eastern people.

6989:

Majapahit had 30,000 full-time professional troops, whose soldiers and commanders were paid in gold. This shows the existence of a

13287: 5175:

ports in Java were trading goods and offer services that were more numerous and more complete than other ports in Southeast Asia.

5118:

The great prosperity of Majapahit was probably due to two factors. Firstly, the northeast lowlands of Java were suitable for rice

3574:(Java) during Majapahit period. Ma Huan visited Java during Zheng He's 4th expedition in 1413, during the reign of Majapahit king 21322: 21192: 21067: 20864: 20859: 20735: 20483: 18862: 17422: 9567: 4620: 3477:

in Borneo, between 1318 and 1330. He was sent by the Pope to launch a mission into the Asian interiors. In 1318 he departed from

17295: 16586: 16496: 12430:(1933), or Twilight/Sunset in Majapahit is a historical romance that took place during the fall of Majapahit empire, written by 10386:

sought to establish their legitimacy to the Majapahit. The Demak claimed a line of succession through Kertabumi, as its founder

6710:(dated 1447) it was mentioned that Majapahit's core realm was consisted of 14 provinces, that administrated by the ruler titled 20745: 17488: 16128:

Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 5: Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic

15513:"Supplementary Jottings to the "Notes on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca Compiled from Chinese Sources" by W. P. Groeneveldt" 15022:

Pararaton, p. 40, "... bhre Kertabhumi ... bhre prabhu sang mokta ring kadaton i saka sunyanora-yuganing-wong, 1400".

14314: 12661: 3700:(dagger) in their belt. The dagger, made entirely of steel with intricate motifs smoothly drawn. The handles are made of gold, 2825: 2561:. Under Gajah Mada's command (1313–1364), Majapahit conquered more territories and became the regional power. According to the 17901:

A Complete Transcription of Majapahit Royal Manuscript of Nagarakertagama from SejarahNasional.org an National History Website

10406:

in Java – where legitimacy is enhanced by such a connection. Bali, in particular, was heavily influenced by Majapahit and the

21113: 20849: 20564: 20298: 19680: 17862: 17826: 17807: 17788: 17769: 17750: 17722: 17685: 17667: 17305: 17278: 16821: 16648: 16332: 16210: 15906: 15817: 15774: 14959: 14660: 14224: 14125: 12652: 9956: 8736: 3191:

in the mid-15th century and expanding its influence to Sumatra. And amidst these events, Indragiri and Siantan, according to

1439: 16553:《海国广记·爪哇制度》有文字,知星历。其国地广人稠,甲兵火铳为东洋诸番之雄。其俗尚气好斗,生子一岁,便以匕首佩之。刀极精巧,名日扒刺头,以金银象牙雕琢人鬼为靶。男子无老幼贫富皆佩,若有争置,即拔刀相刺,盖杀人当时拿获者抵死,逃三日而出,则不抵死矣。 16161: 12976:

One's head is considered sacred since it is where the soul resides, beliefs and customs still practised in modern Indonesia.

4255:

and Singhasari periods. Notable Javanese literary works dated from an earlier period, such as Kadiri's 11th century Kanwa's

21397: 21347: 20854: 20811: 20559: 18837: 18587: 12456:

of modern Indonesian society. From a political, social, cultural and current point of view, Indonesia is described as the '

9927: 9697: 9271: 9201: 9006: 7171:

spears embroidered with gold numbered forty, (men) who carried Balinese shields with golden water engraving numbered forty.

6224:, copied Nganjuk bronze images of the early Majapahit period, signify Majapahit cultural influence on southern Philippines. 1580: 20204: 17603: 10426: 10131:

mentioned an invading foreign prince — associated with Javanese Majapahit kingdom — being defeated in a buffalo fight. In

6603:

is still a subject of study and even has sparked controversy. Nagarakretagama describes Majapahit as the centre of a huge

21216: 20844: 20806: 20781: 17921: 9727: 9577: 9497: 9251: 8956: 4649: 4042: 3290:. The delicate balance between Demak and Majapahit ended when Udara, seeing an opportunity to eliminate Demak, asked for 1540: 611: 17621: 17514: 16048: 15160: 14827: 12780:(the Sun of Majapahit) is the emblem commonly found in Majapahit ruins. It served as the symbol of the Majapahit empire. 12460:' of the Majapahit empire. The current Indonesian president is often portrayed as a Majapahit monarch or prime minister. 7799:), and Aden. From the notes of other authors, it is known that there were also those who went to the Maldives, Calicut ( 4214:

was usually located in remote areas far from habitation places, such as quiet forest, on hills or mountainous region. A

3930: 2219:

and the Emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China, challenged Singhasari by sending emissaries demanding tribute.

21026: 20989: 20984: 20839: 20623: 20476: 20350: 19350: 14061: 13544: 13180: 12650:

appears in a campaign detailing his rise and then fall after the Pasunda Bubat tragedy. He also made appearance in the

12498:. It describes the decaying Majapahit empire where royals are fighting each other for power while the commoners suffer. 8417: 3977: 1656: 1602: 6851:

reigned from 1459 to 1477, which implies that Indragiri and Siantan were both still under Majapahit's control in 1447.

5520:(formally King Rajasanagara; 1350–1389) there were 12 provinces of Majapahit, administered by king's close relatives: 3549:

The Javanese kingdom mentioned in this record is Majapahit, and the time of his visit was in 1321 during the reign of

21372: 21166: 21161: 21156: 21135: 21011: 20974: 20801: 20791: 20766: 20601: 20554: 20549: 18994: 17557: 16751: 16703: 16596: 16506: 16269: 16110: 16016: 15973: 15645: 15495: 15465: 15361: 15351: 15315: 15305: 15161:

Sejarah Nasional Indonesia Edisi Pemutakhiran Jilid 3: Zaman Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Kerajaan Islam di Indonesia

15089: 15007: 14870: 14797: 14617: 14514: 14489: 14001: 13918: 13890: 13791: 13583: 13402: 13314: 13272: 12793:-derived name, which bears the same meaning ("bitter gourd") as "Majapahit" does in Old Javanese, for example in the 10059: 9717: 9211: 6626: 6228: 4838: 4747:

mortar, their temples had a strong geometric quality. The example of Majapahit temples are Brahu temple in Trowulan,

4472: 3410:

The king of Java and his 7 vassal kings, as imagined in a 15th-century English manuscript containing the accounts of

2154:

wrote a detailed description of Majapahit and where the king of Java lived. The report was composed and collected in

1560: 17457: 14145: 13448:

Java in the 14th Century, A Study in Cultural History: The Negara-Kertagama by Rakawi Prapanca of Majapahit, 1365 AD

7674:

bas relief. Research by Nugroho concluded that the main vessels used by Majapahit did not use outriggers, and using

5255:

or translated as "the Book of Religious Legislation". According to the historian Slamet Muljana's notes in the book

3133:

listed her husband as Bhra Hyang Parameswara Ratnapangkaja, which suggests she remarried after Kemas Jiwa returned.

21204: 21041: 21016: 20917: 20886: 20796: 20771: 20700: 20581: 20539: 16546: 15390: 9767: 9747: 9447: 8996: 8891: 8758: 6688: 4452:

Examples of Majapahit statues are the Harihara statue from Simping temple, believed to be the deified portrayal of

2289:

in hostile territory, with their ships being attacked by Javanese navy. It was also their last chance to catch the

1595: 1585: 1575: 1570: 1550: 21232: 16623:

A Description of the Coasts of East Africa and Malabar in the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century by Duarte Barbosa

16043: 14822: 10367:, one of the oldest surviving kris is dated to 1264 Saka (which correspondents to 1342). The Malay legend of Kris 9231: 21357: 21197: 21187: 21151: 21046: 21036: 21031: 20912: 20776: 20628: 20544: 20511: 19976: 18241: 17148: 16812:

de Jong Boers, Bernice (2007). "4. The 'Arab' of the Indonesian Archipelago: The Famed Horse Breeds of Sumbawa".

14718: 12858:

According to the Chinese sources, the event took place in 1376 or 1377, according to the Javanese about 1361. See

12596: 9627: 9284: 9261: 9121: 8986: 8397: 7089:

for use in the naval fleet. During the following years, the Majapahit army have begun producing cannons known as

7058:

A double-barrelled cetbang on a carriage, with swivel yoke, ca. 1522. The mouth of the cannon is in the shape of

4396: 4102:

already shaped the Javanese civilisation, religion, and spiritualism since the earlier era, from the 9th century

2160:, which provides valuable insight on the culture, customs, and also various social and economic aspects of Java ( 19138: 15512: 10155:

to Majapahit forces in 1398 was due to the betrayal of Sang Rajuna Tapa that opened the fortified city gate. In

7467:

seems to have been derived from the Javanese domesticated horse introduced by Majapahit in the 14th century CE.

4658:

Tegowangi temple reliefs and traditional houses of Bali. Balinese architecture is deeply influence by Majapahit.

3674:

A statue of bronze elephant with riders, made in the 13th–14th century East Java (Singhasari and Majapahit era).

3306:. The refugees fled to the east to avoid Demak retribution for their support for Ranawijaya against Kertabhumi. 2778:. Local traditions in many parts of Indonesia retain accounts of 14th-century Majapahit's power in more or less 2746:, dated 1273 Saka (1351 AD), mentioned about a sacred caitya building dedicated by Gajah Mada for the late King 21277: 21021: 20964: 20954: 20937: 20932: 20616: 20591: 14682: 14572: 14449: 13518: 12527: 10011: 9887: 9877: 9857: 9827: 9477: 9467: 7811: 6231:

mentioned more than 80 places in the archipelago described as the vassal states. In Canto 13, several lands on

4152:

however, was also favoured by the royal family and officials of Majapahit. For example, the queen of Majapahit

4035: 3841: 3140:, as it involves a maiden queen named Prabu Kenya in the story, and during Suhita's reign there was a war with 3124:

king Iskandar Shah or Kemas Jiwa in 1427. Both of them had a daughter together and he stayed with her in Java.

2446:, it was Tanca's revenge for the king sexually abusing his wife. However, according to the Balinese manuscript 2223:

refused to pay the tribute, insulted Kublai's envoy, and challenged the Khan instead. In response, Kublai Khan

1612: 1404: 652: 16665: 13686:

Johns, Anthony H. (November 1964). "The Role of Structural Organisation and Myth in Javanese Historiography".

10863: 5130:, and as the spices passed through Java they would have provided an important source of income for Majapahit. 4947:

as big as a hen, red and green parrots, five-colored parrots, (all of them can imitate the human voice), also

607: 21209: 21118: 20999: 20959: 20786: 20690: 20523: 20516: 20414: 18672: 16457: 15214: 14258: 13422: 10418: 10095:

activities. Its capital was inhabited by a cosmopolitan population among whom literature and art flourished.

9837: 9677: 9607: 9507: 9366: 9294: 9111: 8732: 8542: 4955:, 'betel tree bird', pearl bird, and green pigeons. The beasts here are strange: there are white deer, white 4382:, Ma Huan describes the writing system used in Majapahit. For the writing, they had known the alphabet using 3028:

coasts. However, perhaps the most significant Chinese intervention was its support for the newly established

2006:

indicate the Majapahit capital was much larger than previously believed after some artefacts were uncovered.

1649: 1617: 1607: 1590: 1555: 1479: 1449: 1384: 1214: 917: 740: 624: 17228: 16479: 16440: 15332: 14846: 10654:

Ascends to Javanese throne on the 15th of Kartika 1215 çaka (10 November 1293). Ranggalawe rebellion (1295)

7745:"...a large map of a Javanese pilot, containing the Cape of Good Hope, Portugal and the land of Brazil, the 7596:. A jong from 1420 nearly crossed the Atlantic Ocean. A type of large nine-decked jong that was recorded in 6872:, which were known to be the last stronghold of the Hindu-Javanese civilization during Majapahit's downfall. 4431:

art c. 8th to 10th century), this East Javanese style demonstrates a stiffer pose, stylised and rendered in

3059:

This Ming dynasty voyages are extremely important for Majapahit historiography, since Zheng He's translator

55: 21382: 21108: 20606: 20409: 20293: 18918: 12713: 10500: 10374:

For Indonesians in later centuries, Majapahit became a symbol of past greatness. The Islamic sultanates of

10052: 9976: 9961: 9917: 9867: 9777: 9707: 9457: 9377: 8966: 8877: 8676: 7991: 7563:

even though there were treaty violators, they were attacked by expeditionary forces and were all destroyed,

7142:

mambawa tumbak parampukan barsulam amas ampat puluh, yang mambawa tameng Bali bartulis air mas ampat puluh.

5069: 3916: 3606:), and then sailing inland into the river by smaller boat to the southwest until reached the river port of 3110: 2957:, is thought to have occurred from 1405 to 1406. The war was fought as a contest of succession between the 2394: 2318: 1233: 926: 17367: 16939:

Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) vol. 2

16621: 16074:

Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) Vol. 2

14841: 13852: 12609:

game. He is the leader of the Indonesian civilisation, with the emblem of the Indonesian empire being the

8011: 7869:(1356). Majapahit pulled Bali into their orbit as a vassal state. While the disastrous diplomacy with the 7356:. The precise year of introduction is unknown, but it may be safely concluded to be no earlier than 1460. 4175:

of Shaivism and Buddhism, which emphasise the similarity between Shiva and Buddha which both described as

21128: 20649: 20419: 19456: 18782: 17743:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume II: Notes on the Texts and the Translations

16638: 14945: 12626: 12518: 11344: 10734:

Majapahit golden age described in Nagarakretagama (1365). Punitive attack on Palembang rebellion (1377).

10689: 9966: 9797: 9787: 9417: 9091: 8387: 7978:

Hindu-Buddhist kingship, and after several generations, led to the fall of once-mighty Majapahit empire.

6820:

The inscription, however, did not mention Majapahit's vassals in other areas around the period, such as:

6723: 6719: 5819: 5566: 5391:(State's highest Buddhist priest), both are the authorities of the religious law of each dharmic faiths. 5110:

Ancient red-brick canal discovered in Trowulan. Majapahit had a well-developed irrigation infrastructure.

4765: 4457: 3250: 3173: 3159:, son of Kertawijaya, came to power in 1456. He died in 1466 and was succeeded by Singhawikramawardhana. 2489: 2474: 2265: 1767: 1459: 234: 16814:

Breeds of Empire: The 'Invention' of the Horse in Southern Africa and Maritime Southeast Asia, 1500–1950

16769:"The Loincloth, Trousers, and Horse-riders in Pre-Islamic Java: Notes on the Old Javanese Term Lañciṅan" 15899:

Breeds of Empire: The 'Invention' of the Horse in Southern Africa and Maritime Southeast Asia, 1500–1950

15416: 13825: 12997:

Kusumawardhani (king's daughter) married Wikramawardhana (king's nephew), the couple became joint-heirs.

12921:

Odoric of Pordenone mentioned that the King of Java ruled over "seven crowned kings", possibly refer to

12574:(2007), a novel written by Hermawan Aksan, fictionalising the detailed life story of Sundanese princess 10402:

that attempt to prove links back to the Majapahit royal lines—usually in the form of a grave as a vital

7285:, armed with spear, short sword, or bow and arrows. The richer (higher rank) soldiers wore armor called 5406:. The council also sentenced the execution of Raden Gajah (Narapati) for decapitating Bhre Wirabhumi in 4821: 3333:

communities began to retreat to the mountain ranges in East Java and also to the neighbouring island of

2430:, or "weak villain". Around the time of Jayanegara's reign in the early 14th century, the Italian Friar 21387: 21123: 18086: 17635: 16162:"L'Artillerie legere nousantarienne: A propos de six canons conserves dans des collections portugaises" 10515: 9897: 9757: 9487: 8976: 8502: 6824: 2834: 2276:

timberland. He then opened the vast timberland and built a new settlement there. The village was named

1414: 7904:

and presided over the central Sumatra region to take control of the gold trade between 1347 and 1375.

7121:

and stones) and fired at close range, the cetbang would have been effective at this type of fighting.

5398:. This council consists of seven influential elders—mostly directly related to the king. They are the 4400:), written by scraping it with a sharp knife. They also have a developed language system and grammar. 21377: 20377: 19525: 19089: 14378: 14194: 13673:

Melacak Sejarah Kuno Indonesia Lewat Prasasti/Tracing Ancient Indonesian History through Inscriptions

13304:

Wood, Michael. "Chapter 2: Archaeology, National Histories, and National Borders in Southeast Asia".

10456: 8492: 7418:

Worn-out reliefs in Candi Penataran, showing an armored horse rider, armored warriors, and a chariot.

7102: 6937: 6604: 3287: 2747: 2220: 1967: 1565: 174: 16513:费信《星栏胜览》称爪哇"古名阁婆,地广人稠,实甲兵器械,乃为东洋诸蓄之冲要"。严从简《殊域周咨录》则谓"其国地广人稠,甲兵火统为东洋诸善之雄"。明末张堂《东西洋考》亦说下港(爪哇)"甲兵为诸番之雄"。 20576: 20335: 20310: 20160: 19819: 19814: 18832: 18797: 18752: 18604: 18580: 18499: 18231: 17545: 17118: 12728: 12575: 9667: 9587: 9427: 9016: 8686: 8452: 8278: 7911: 7187: 6108:

valley near the capital, also mountainous areas south and southeast of the capital, all the way to

6077: 5246: 2693: 1897: 1545: 966: 20922: 17781:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume IV: Commentaries and Recapitulations

15810:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume IV: Commentaries and Recapitulations

15767:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume IV: Commentaries and Recapitulations

15710: 7815:

14th-century gold armlets and rings in East Javanese Majapahit style, found at Fort Canning Hill,

5034:(30 feet 7 inches). In addition, all types of squash and vegetables are there, just a shortage of 4418:

Bas reliefs of Tegowangi temple, dated from Majapahit period, demonstrate the East Javanese style.

4222:

or high priest, who is also known as śiddharesi or dewaguru; hence the education centre is called

3516:

An armored horse rider, two armored warriors, and a noble figure. From Penataran temple, ca. 1347.

20907: 20596: 20402: 20283: 19824: 19777: 19720: 19419: 19363: 19111: 18722: 18717: 18612: 16400: 15235:"Giovanni de' Marignolli: An Italian Prelate at the Court of the South-East Asian Queen of Sheba" 14647: 12939:

during the formation of Majapahit seems to be popular news being retold in Java over generations.

12936: 12530:. This film recounts the love story between Gusti Putri Retno Dumilah, a Majapahit princess, and 10641: 10358:

In weaponry, the Majapahit expansion is believed to be responsible for the widespread use of the

10211: 10104: 10001: 9971: 9907: 9817: 9397: 9156: 9131: 8881: 7074: 6932: 3431: 2612: 2543: 2236: 2224: 712: 472: 20994: 17734:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume I: Javanese Texts in Transcription

15417:"A Chinese Gazetteer of Foreign Lands: A new translation of Part 1 of the Zhufan zhi 諸蕃志 (1225)" 7458:

listed among horse suppliers to China. During the Majapahit period, the quantity and quality of

5394:

There is also the board of advisors which consists of the elders within the royal family called

2790:, but challenges to Majapahit's claim to overlordship in outer islands drew forceful responses. 21242: 21051: 20644: 20424: 20325: 20320: 20008: 19956: 19876: 19809: 19713: 19698: 19591: 19358: 19312: 19153: 19040: 18842: 18817: 18732: 18712: 18662: 18632: 18622: 18509: 17174: 13346: 10237: 9547: 9517: 8818: 8666: 8592: 8552: 4665:

parts of stepped sections formed a combined roof structure curved upward smoothly creating the

4608: 3708:

carved with a depiction of human or demon, the carving works are exquisite and skilfully made.

3295: 3196: 2743: 17878: 15943: 15635: 15633: 15178: 14860: 12807:(canto 4 stanza 66). It is sometimes also written backwards as Tiktawilwa, for example in the 10248:

heavily influenced the architecture of Java and Bali in the later period. The Majapahit style

7519:

Majapahit had a naval troops that was distinguished from ground troop units, which was called

4494:, bas reliefs, architectural ornaments, roof pinnacles, floor tiles, to pipes and roof tiles. 2365:

captured, jailed for his stratagems and then sentenced to death. Wijaya himself died in 1309.

21392: 21337: 21237: 20927: 20902: 20355: 20315: 20128: 20003: 19067: 19057: 19016: 18987: 18928: 18807: 18802: 18682: 18273: 18226: 17549: 17538: 15897:

Bankoff, Greg; Swart, Sandra (2007). "1. Breeds of Empire and the 'Invention' of the Horse".

15353:

Sutasoma: The Ancient Tale of a Buddha-Prince from 14th Century Java by the Poet Mpu Tantular

13262: 13120: 12748: 10461: 9807: 9324: 9036: 8778: 7962: 7730: 6982:(1357). Chariots were carved at the Penataran Temple, seemingly modeled from the real world. 5770:(1447) written during the reign of Dyah Kertawijaya (formally King Wijayaparakramawardhana). 5342: 4866: 4815: 4467: 3849: 2373: 2147: 1469: 1196: 661: 20243: 13601:

Historic East Java: Remains in Stone, Indonesian 50th independence day commemorative edition

13022:

in Java seems to refer to a long shield which is quite heavy, probably with protruding ends.

10590:, the royal family of Singhasari and Majapahit. Rulers are highlighted with period of reign. 10484:

temple dated from the Majapahit era. The notable statue of Garuda is the statue of the king

10319:

to the era of Majapahit kings has profoundly influenced and shaped the Balinese culture and

10268:

pavilion have become ubiquitous in Javanese and Balinese architectural features, as seen in

10166:

Several Javanese legends were originated or become popular during the Majapahit period. The

10147:, as it would be unsustainable and only bring misery to the couple. In Malay Peninsula, the 7937: 4883:, which was written ca. 1339 CE, mentioned about Java's wealth and prosperity of the period: 4478:

Clay pottery and brick masonry are a popular feature in Majapahit art and architecture. The

2241: 1836: 21284: 20969: 20659: 20654: 20571: 20448: 20278: 20248: 20123: 20054: 20025: 19944: 19278: 19116: 19106: 18872: 18822: 18777: 18757: 18747: 18647: 18526: 18516: 18389: 18371: 18308: 18236: 18206: 18096: 18071: 18061: 16951:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves (September 1980). "The Southeast Asian Ship: An Historical Approach".

12414:

Theatrical performance depicting the Mongol invasion of Java, performed by 150 students of

10755: 10439: 10241: 10152: 10128: 9437: 9362: 9241: 9141: 8911: 8656: 8364: 8023: 7919: 7824: 7703: 7687: 7027: 6998: 6969: 6840: 6304: 6296: 6248: 6193: 5210: 4666: 4479: 4409: 4337: 4316: 3898: 3538:, and many other precious spices. It hath also very great store of all victuals save wine. 3184: 3029: 2924: 2040: 1497: 1260: 1223: 1176: 1106: 1076: 1046: 1016: 633: 20228: 12579: 12563: 10315:

is considered one of Majapahit's legacy. The Javanese Hindu civilisation since the era of

10218:. It was probably during this period that some of the Javanese cultural elements, such as 6706:

In later period, Majapahit's hold on its overseas possessions began to wane. According to

6090:

The extent of Majapahit's influence under Hayam Wuruk in 1365 according to Nagarakretagama

4351:

This quotation comes from Sutasoma canto 139, stanza 5. The full stanza reads as follows:

3446:

A relief from Trowulan, showing several walled compounds and a larger wall to their north.

1936:

records a legend linked to the establishment of a new settlement in the forest of Trik by

1867: 1846:

fruit growing near Trowulan. The bitter-tasting fruit is the origin of the kingdom's name.

8: 21247: 20947: 20695: 20674: 20664: 20611: 20140: 20020: 19986: 19888: 19708: 19703: 19515: 19234: 19170: 19045: 19030: 18902: 18847: 18762: 18742: 18627: 18617: 18573: 18521: 18475: 18313: 18303: 18298: 18263: 18216: 17022: 16682:

Pferde in Asien: Geschichte, Handel und Kultur/Horses in Asia: History, Trade and Culture

16548:郑和下西洋资料汇编 (A Compilation of Materials on Zheng He's Voyages to the West) Volume 2, Part 1 10312: 10269: 10179: 8788: 8482: 8000: 7950: 7771:

Duarte Barbosa mention places and route which the Majapahit ships visited, which include

6783: 6657: 6268: 5168: 4507: 4235: 3461: 3455: 3411: 3371: 2667:

included his advisor Aria Megatsari, general Tumenggung Tatah Jiwa, minister Wiramartas,

2431: 2360:, Sora, and Nambi rebelled against him, though unsuccessfully. It was suspected that the 2107:, but includes a number of shorter narrative fragments about the formation of Majapahit. 1909: 1315: 1280: 1146: 1066: 936: 19856: 19846: 17888: 17800:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume V: Glossary, General Index

10522:, Indonesia's first telecommunication satellite launched on 9 July 1976 was named after 7504: 7475: 6986:

were used mainly for transport, or as a mount for nobility and soldiers of higher rank.

5148: 4490:. The artefacts range from human and animal figurines, jars, vessels, water containers, 3020:

against the declining Khmer Empire, supporting and installing allied factions in India,

1944:

trees and consumed their bitter-tasting fruit which then gave its name to the village.

21317: 20979: 20253: 20233: 20216: 20167: 20032: 19841: 19792: 19725: 19643: 19584: 19579: 19574: 19530: 19500: 19392: 19290: 19158: 19133: 18892: 18827: 18792: 18727: 18707: 18697: 18657: 18642: 18637: 18549: 18541: 18531: 18356: 18341: 18221: 18091: 18020: 17965: 16976: 16968: 16937:. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. An Indonesian translation of Lombard, Denys (1990). 16913: 16794: 16721:"The Whale in Old Javanese kakawin: timiṅgila, 'elephant fish', and lĕmbwara revisited" 16181: 16044:

Sejarah Melayu The Malay Annals MS RAFFLES No. 18 Edisi Rumi Baru/New Romanised Edition

16005: 15692: 15078: 14823:

Sejarah Melayu The Malay Annals MS RAFFLES No. 18 Edisi Rumi Baru/New Romanised Edition

14694:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves; Nicholl, Robert (1985). "The Introduction of Islam into Champa".

14567:. Indonesian Heritage Series. Vol. 1. Archipelago Press / Editions Didier Millet. 14408: 14241:

Of Palm Wine, Women and War: The Mongolian Naval Expedition to Java in the 13th Century

13711: 13703: 12718: 12708: 12535: 10886: 10233: 10023: 8706: 8626: 8442: 8374: 8220: 8086: 7946: 7897: 7884: 7612: 6581: 6493: 6370: 6260: 6161: 6109: 4760:

dated from the earlier period but renovated and expanded during Majapahit era, such as

4739: 4531: 4322: 4268: 3985: 3883: 3291: 3246: 3231: 3053: 2819: 2720: 2682: 2134:

The Chinese historical sources on Majapahit mainly acquired from the chronicles of the

2091:, as well as detailed information about the East Javanese countryside and a summary of 2087:, it provides a primary historical account of Majapahit court during the reign of King 2002: 1520: 1505: 1166: 1136: 1056: 976: 809: 17397: 13575: 12605:

appeared as one of the leaders of a great civilisation in the second expansion of the

10565: 10413: 10139:

tragedy caused a myth to revolve around Indonesians, which forbids marriage between a

7686:

During the Majapahit era, Nusantaran exploration reached its greatest accomplishment.

7678:

engraving as the basis for reconstructing the Majapahit ship is wrong and misleading.

3210:

Dates for the end of the Majapahit Empire range from 1478, traditionally described in

2546:) in the 13th century, its decline and its eventual fall in the early 16th century to 644: 20669: 20362: 20258: 20194: 20189: 20118: 20015: 19730: 19658: 19653: 19495: 19424: 19407: 19402: 19397: 19197: 19148: 18957: 18852: 18812: 18787: 18767: 18702: 18677: 18667: 18652: 18394: 18331: 18211: 18191: 18150: 18081: 18076: 17858: 17822: 17803: 17784: 17765: 17746: 17718: 17681: 17663: 17553: 17426: 17301: 17274: 17140: 16980: 16917: 16817: 16798: 16786: 16747: 16699: 16644: 16592: 16566: 16526: 16502: 16328: 16206: 16185: 16106: 16012: 15969: 15902: 15813: 15770: 15684: 15641: 15491: 15461: 15357: 15311: 15254: 15085: 15003: 14955: 14949: 14866: 14793: 14656: 14613: 14568: 14510: 14485: 14412: 14400: 14220: 14121: 14067: 14057: 13997: 13914: 13886: 13787: 13715: 13579: 13398: 13268: 13186: 13176: 12743: 12642: 12559: 12494:

to Java. The story took place near the end of the Majapahit era and the formation of

11151: 10546: 10383: 10281: 10273: 10006: 9046: 8921: 8311: 8301: 8200: 7931: 6641: 6217: 5160: 4503: 4153: 4149: 3873: 3338: 3188: 2913: 2909: 2378: 2338: 1888: 1883:, an Indonesian tree. Majapahit is also referred to by the Sanskrit-derived synonym 1859: 1717: 1680: 1355: 1335: 1116: 1006: 996: 956: 691: 34: 17135: 16891: 16498:重审中国的"近代"：在思想与社会之间 (Reexamining China's "Modern Times": Between Thought and Society) 13987: 13461:

Indonesia's History Between the Myths: Essays in Legal History and Historical Theory

13216: 10346: 10240:

and palace compounds of today. The Majapahit architectural style that often employs

7891:

Majapahit overlordship upon Malay states of Sumatra was demonstrated by the rule of

4148:, the god combination of Shiva and Vishnu, in his mortuary temple in Candi Simping. 2356:

The new kingdom faced challenges. Some of Kertarajasa's most trusted men, including

2178:) provide supporting evidence for specific events in Majapahit history, such as the 20211: 19998: 19993: 19949: 19936: 19866: 19834: 19829: 19693: 19688: 19670: 19631: 19564: 19547: 19488: 19478: 19473: 19414: 19370: 19340: 19300: 19283: 19266: 19229: 18980: 18772: 18737: 18692: 18687: 18596: 18554: 18283: 18186: 18056: 17990: 17130: 16960: 16903: 16776: 16427:

Berg, Kindung Sundāyana (Kidung Sunda C), Soerakarta, Drukkerij "De Bliksem", 1928.

16173: 15674: 15524: 15246: 15190: 15136: 14395: 14390: 14030: 13695: 13147: 12753: 12694: 12583: 12467: 10966: 10876: 10534: 10477: 10332: 10140: 10018: 9996: 9537: 9387: 9191: 8838: 8748: 8696: 8562: 8407: 8321: 8210: 8157: 7941:

On centre bottom row (no. 8) is a Yǒng-Lè Tōng-Bǎo (永樂通寶) cash coin cast under the

7776: 7360: 6684: 6549: 6382: 6335: 5798: 5548: 4343: 4025: 3948: 3878: 3177: 3082: 3016: 3000: 2982: 2936: 2678: 2600: 1994: 1821: 1639: 1515: 1270: 1096: 1086: 779: 17043:[Majapahit Ship Replica, A Replica to Destroy the History of the Nation]. 16087:

Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450-1680. Volume Two: Expansion and Crisis

15216:

Cathay and the way thither: Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China vol. 1

15141: 15124: 13151: 7910:

In Sumatran front, Majapahit did capture Palembang, Jambi and Dharmasraya, invade

3195:

were given to Malacca as a dowry for the marriage of a Majapahit princess and the

21289: 20429: 20397: 20270: 20238: 20221: 20177: 20172: 20150: 20145: 20103: 20096: 20071: 19931: 19926: 19767: 19648: 19542: 19537: 19505: 19330: 19320: 19214: 19207: 19202: 19187: 19143: 19025: 19011: 18268: 18201: 18196: 18066: 18015: 18005: 17905: 17895: 16908: 16850: 16816:. Vol. 42 (NIAS studies in Asian topics). Copenhagen: NIAS. pp. 51–64. 16200: 16100: 15856: 15737:"Mandala: from sacred origins to sovereign affairs in traditional Southeast Asia" 15637:

Sejarah Nasional Indonesia: Zaman Kuno – Volume 2 dari Sejarah Nasional Indonesia

15485: 14978: 14341: 13991: 13880: 13783: 13777: 13168:

Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor (3 vols)

12957: 12949: 12838: 12810: 12796: 12777: 12703: 12617: 12610: 12495: 11738: 10743: 10729: 10570: 10473: 10407: 10375: 10340: 10328: 10320: 10300: 10144: 10136: 10042: 9527: 9407: 9181: 9081: 8646: 8351: 8341: 8288: 8265: 7974: 7927: 7866: 7844: 7758: 7711: 7659: 7616: 7405:

Reliefs at the main temple of the Penataran temple complex, 1269 saka or 1347 CE.

7345: 7339: 7239: 7118: 7006: 6979: 6942: 6862: 6541: 6533: 6517: 6509: 6390: 6185: 6113: 5744: 5403: 5308: 5220: 4761: 4288: 4280: 4103: 4014: 3990: 3953: 3911: 3786: 3782: 3578:. He describes his travel to Majapahit capital, first, he arrived at the port of 3575: 3558: 3502: 3342: 3272: 3257: 3065: 3037: 2962: 2897: 2839: 2775: 2732: 2709: 2655: 2572: 2563: 2547: 2386: 2330: 2156: 2054: 1870: 1779: 1734: 1510: 1251: 1126: 1026: 986: 819: 601: 521: 448: 284: 81: 63: 19851: 16933: 15923: 15901:. Vol. 42 (NIAS studies in Asian topics). Copenhagen: NIAS. pp. 1–20. 14902:"History of Indian Ocean shows how old rivalries can trigger rise of new forces" 10327:

was the successor of Majapahit. Large numbers of Majapahit manuscripts, such as

7379:

Tomé Pires' 1513 account tells the army of Gusti Pati (Patih Udara), viceroy of

6890: 6611:

rulers to send a tribute, without any intention to submit to Majapahit's order.

4879: 4386:(Chola — Coromandel/Southern India) letters. There is no paper or pen, they use 4310:(poets) to worship the king of the gods whose incarnation the king represented. 2927:

was established, and it promptly attracted a Majapahit navy that regarded it as

1940:

in 1292. It was said that the workers clearing the Trik forest encountered some

20468: 20372: 20367: 20330: 20305: 20288: 20199: 20184: 20155: 20113: 19961: 19921: 19916: 19871: 19797: 19757: 19747: 19737: 19552: 19431: 19325: 19192: 19074: 18492: 18460: 18452: 18384: 18176: 18135: 18010: 17995: 17975: 17837: 17762:

Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume III: Translations

17229:

Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, Seguidas de Documentos que as Elucidam tomo I

16143:

Averoes, Muhammad (2020). Antara Cerita dan Sejarah: Meriam Cetbang Majapahit.

15961: 15234: 15104:

M. B. Rahimsyah. Legenda dan Sejarah Lengkap Walisongo. (Amanah, Surabaya, tth)

14560: 14049: 12606: 10603: 10587: 10434: 10207: 10167: 8768: 8616: 8612: 8532: 8472: 8331: 7942: 7836: 7772: 7754: 7734: 7671: 7608: 7593: 7589: 7326:, armed with gold-layered spear, and with a shield full of diamond decoration. 7129: 6577: 6565: 6414: 6354: 6347: 6272: 6201: 6157: 5418: 5376: 5127: 5081: 4756: 4272: 4252: 4248: 4161: 4084:

were all practised: the king was regarded as the incarnation of the three. The

2802: 2794: 2767: 2647: 2588: 2496:

as the prime minister in 1336. During his inauguration Gajah Mada declared his

2200: 1879: 1842: 1748: 1186: 1156: 1036: 859: 789: 17119:"A sixteenth century Portuguese report concerning an early Javanese world map" 17097:"Perahu-Perahu Tradisional Nusantara: Suatu Tinjauan Perkapalan dan Pelayaran" 16964: 16076:. Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. Page 178. 15679: 15662: 15250: 13568: 12613:, although in the game the empire is known as the "Indonesian empire" instead. 7577:

by the activity of the group of 'mantri jaladhi' who were numerous, glorious.

3015:

These massive Chinese voyages were not merely a naval exploration, but also a

21311: 21296: 20453: 20340: 20135: 20108: 20081: 20059: 20037: 19804: 19787: 19772: 19616: 19569: 19557: 19483: 19375: 19249: 19244: 19219: 19101: 18951: 18035: 17970: 17913: 17200: 17144: 17016: 16790: 16325:

Hikayat Majapahit - Kebangkitan dan Keruntuhan Kerajaan Terbesar di Nusantara

16029: 15688: 15258: 15072: 14404: 14071: 13190: 12846: 12457: 10776: 10706: 10685: 10364: 10351: 10196: 10112: 9647: 9352: 8901: 8512: 8462: 8187: 7870: 7792: 7620: 7309: 7293: 7219: 6990: 6878: 6557: 6374: 6308: 6284: 6105: 5430:

Majapahit recognise the hierarchy classifications of lands within its realm:

4991: 4264: 4238: 3943: 3906: 3816: 3522: 3326: 3200: 3169: 2701: 2697: 2620: 2584: 2216: 1744: 839: 185: 19881: 19861: 16177: 15528: 10429:, have invoked the Majapahit Empire. Indonesian founding fathers—especially 7159:

numbered forty, men carrying shield and swords numbered forty, men carrying

5426:) in eastern and central parts of Java, including islands of Madura and Bali 4690: 3804: 3785:, a suicide ritual by widowed wives, concubines or female servants, through 3109:(reign 1429–1447), discovered at Jebuk, Kalangbret, Tulungagung, East Java, 1784:

written in 1365, Majapahit was an empire of 98 tributaries, stretching from

20345: 20086: 20076: 20042: 19971: 19966: 19893: 19683: 19665: 19626: 19621: 19601: 19596: 19468: 19461: 19451: 19446: 19441: 19335: 19273: 19254: 19239: 19175: 18379: 18040: 17883: 17511:"Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, masterpiece of Mpu Tantular, Antara (in Indonesian)" 17297:

Non-Western International Relations Theory: Perspectives On and Beyond Asia

16684:. Vienna, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften: 161-177. 16234: 15634:

Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro; Soejono (R. P.); Richard Z. Leirissa (2008).

15194: 14999:

A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1200 Fourth Edition (E-Book version)

14919: 14035: 12733: 12723: 12505: 11135: 10760: 10702: 10649: 10629: 10444: 10391: 10324: 10250: 10215: 10148: 9101: 9026: 8931: 8828: 8636: 7958: 7892: 7880: 7840: 7750: 7733:

conquered Malacca (1511), the Portuguese recovered a chart from a Javanese

7585: 7464: 7335: 7314: 7167:

numbered ten, men carrying bows and arrows numbered ten, (men) who carried

7086: 6983: 6836: 6673: 6634: 6561: 6513: 6501: 6485: 6477: 6442: 6434: 6378: 6343: 6332: 6264: 6244: 5706: 5656: 5234: 5144: 5106: 4899:

is harvested twice a year, and its grain is small. They also harvest white

4854: 4826: 4788: 4575: 4453: 4436: 4300: 4256: 4184: 4141: 4122: 3938: 3857: 3739: 3728: 3192: 3025: 2996: 2917: 2815: 2806: 2714: 2624: 2516: 2326: 2293:

winds home; otherwise, they would have had to wait for another six months.

2269: 2246: 2139: 2135: 2084: 2073: 2016: 1961: 1937: 829: 759: 722: 204: 112: 15884:

Literary Representations of War and Warfare in Old Javanese Kakawin Poetry

15349: 15303: 14051: 13523:

Pararaton (Ken Arok) of het boek der Koningen van tumapel en van Majapahit

10425:

Modern Indonesian nationalists, including those of the early 20th-century

7883:, a senior minister of Majapahit depicted as Bhairava. He established the 7059: 5766:

List of Majapahit provinces administered by the king's relatives based on

3451:

The first European record about Majapahit came from the travel log of the

3294:

help in Malacca, forcing Demak to attack both Malacca and Majapahit under

2900:. Hayam Wuruk also had a son from his previous marriage, the crown prince 2052:

Two important chronicle sources are available to historians of Majapahit:

21267: 20064: 20049: 19898: 19611: 19520: 19510: 19436: 19084: 19079: 18961: 18293: 18288: 18181: 18125: 16781: 16768: 14719:

Notes on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca, Compiled from Chinese Sources

13086: 12477: 12441: 12431: 11543: 10947: 10827: 10764: 10718: 10645: 10523: 10481: 10387: 10368: 10171: 8033: 7973:

Majapahit ultimate nemesis, however, was located very close at home; the

7901: 7853: 7780: 7723: 7331: 7303: 6848: 6844: 6569: 6553: 6469: 6461: 6280: 6256: 6221: 6213: 5517: 5260: 5230: 4987: 4948: 4932: 4846: 4842: 4830: 4770: 4748: 4423: 4292: 4260: 4133: 4081: 4066: 3474: 3280: 3242: 3148: 2932: 2879: 2554: 2542:

Rough estimations of Majapahit's conquest of the Indonesian archipelago (

2522: 2497: 2478: 2448: 2346: 2306: 2257: 2249: 2208: 2088: 2080: 1817: 1813: 1771: 946: 869: 671: 579: 574: 317: 251: 16972: 15696: 15609:"Hukum Pidana Era Majapahit: Dari Menebang Pohon hingga Korupsi Menteri" 10763:(1405–1406), Wikramawardhana defeating Bhre Wirabhumi. Campaign against 10079: 7876: 7623:

king and the royal family arrived in Majapahit after sailing across the

7038: 5049: 4198:

religious elites, or in a centre for religious teaching which resembles

3800:, an art of story-telling that has survived for many centuries in Java. 2142:. The Chinese accounts on Majapahit are mainly owed to the Ming admiral 1828:

modern territory of Indonesia and has been the subject of many studies.

21272: 20091: 19908: 19782: 19742: 19675: 18409: 18336: 18255: 18025: 17368:"Two Brunei Bay Legends, Tales about Lumut Lunting and Pilong-Pilongan" 17341:"Tragedi Perang Bubat dan mitos orang Jawa dilarang kawin dengan Sunda" 14190: 13707: 13616:"Menyusuri Majapahit dengan Panduan Peta National Geographic Indonesia" 12878: 12673: 12647: 12602: 12555: 12410: 11325: 11127: 10664: 10595: 10561: 10542: 10289: 10175: 10160: 9657: 8798: 8572: 8522: 8177: 8132: 8073: 7945:(永樂帝) of Ming dynasty. These were cast in great quantities and used by 7849: 7635: 7396: 7270: 7146: 7082: 6947: 6812: 6792: 6762: 6600: 6398: 6292: 5958: 5903: 5882: 5840: 5748: 5674: 5638: 5620: 5584: 5407: 5300: 5123: 5057: 5054: 5007: 5003: 4920: 4912: 4850: 4744: 4725:

temple near Paiton, Probolinggo, East Java, dated from Majapahit period

4602: 4491: 4483: 4296: 4172: 4157: 3958: 3570:

describes the culture, customs, various social and economic aspects of

3550: 3322: 3219: 3141: 3137: 2991:

The route of the voyages of Zheng He's fleet, including Majapahit ports

2966: 2954: 2948: 2852: 2763: 2651: 2643: 2628: 2592: 2558: 2508: 2493: 2406: 2402: 2350: 2301: 2204: 2179: 2122: 2104: 2092: 1789: 1775: 889: 508: 221: 146: 17232:(pp. 29–65). Lisboa: Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencas. p. 64. 15947:. Batavia: Kon. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen ( 10119: 6668:). The relationship between Majapahit and these territories is called 4600:

leaves). Every family has a storage shed made of bricks, about 3 or 4

3626:

dagger), walking barefoot. When travelling outside, the king rides an

2739: 2538: 2465: 2174:) during Majapahit period. The Veritable Records of the Ming Dynasty ( 19981: 19752: 19636: 19387: 19261: 19052: 18160: 18030: 17985: 17695:

Muljana, Raden Benedictus Slamet (2005). Al-Fayyadl, Muhammad (ed.).

17575:"Pura Kawitan Majapahit: Tribute to an empire that inspires a nation" 17041:"Replika Kapal Majapahit, Replika Untuk Menghancurkan Sejarah Bangsa" 16481:

A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands and Adjacent Countries

16458:

Chinese explorations of the Indian Ocean during the fifteenth century

15859:

from Direktorat Jenderal Sejarah dan Purbakala. Friday, 22 June 2007.

15711:"[Bronze statues from Nganjuk] OD-3577 | Digital Collections" 12842: 12738: 12582:. The novel virtually takes the same context and was inspired by the 12547: 12531: 12453: 12418:. The history of Majapahit continues to inspire contemporary artists. 10504: 10485: 10469: 10421:

has become the source of Indonesian national pride of past greatness.

10399: 10336: 10316: 10285: 10260: 10245: 10132: 8602: 8582: 8230: 8097: 7832: 7816: 7800: 7707: 7675: 7667: 7535:

Then 'Anyabhumi' everywhere were all united in the Javanese kingdom,

7459: 7243: 7114: 7110: 7070: 6858: 6832: 6772: 6735: 6680: 6630: 6453: 6430: 6418: 6406: 6300: 6252: 6240: 6169: 6016: 5790: 5727: 5540: 5065: 4983: 4782: 4716: 4675: 4597: 4560: 4448: 4428: 4219: 4191: 4107: 3820: 3755: 3716: 3587: 3498: 3482: 3391: 3318: 3268: 3049: 3045: 3021: 2810: 2798: 2783: 2726: 2485: 2334: 2060: 2026: 1932: 1927: 1797: 1793: 1756: 849: 799: 702: 554: 549: 99: 17226:

Carta IX, 1 April 1512. In Pato, Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão (1884).

17155: 16941:. Paris: Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. 15944:

Rangga Lawe: Middeljavaansche Historische Roman: Critisch uitgegeven

15574: 14482:

Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula

13699: 7666:

are also used. Modern depictions of the Majapahit navy often depict

7202:

A relief showing scale armor, probably from Penataran temple complex

6861:, which only ceased to be under Majapahit suzerainty when seized by 6637:, and also Majapahit's neighbouring mandalas; Ayutthaya and Champa. 5199: 4510:

means both "savings" and "piggy bank". It was derived from the word

3590:

and Chou Chang. Then he sailed east to thriving new trading town of

2280:, which was taken from the name of a fruit that had a bitter taste ( 19382: 19165: 19123: 19062: 18565: 18427: 18422: 18323: 18155: 17980: 16720: 13172: 13065: 12790: 12523: 10881: 10859: 10844: 10815: 10800: 10785: 10749: 10724: 10694: 10669: 10635: 10599: 10510: 10187: 10099: 10087: 8046: 7966: 7857: 7796: 7766:— Letter of Albuquerque to King Manuel I of Portugal, 1 April 1512. 7738: 7696: 7663: 7655: 7647: 7624: 6952: 6802: 6743: 6739: 6665: 6661: 6649: 6525: 6465: 6402: 6235:

are mentioned, and some possibly correspond to contemporary areas:

6197: 6117: 6101: 6086: 5861: 5794: 5602: 5544: 5384: 5164: 5156: 5140: 5091: 5086: 5061: 5019: 4671: 4487: 4284: 4195: 4180: 4176: 4145: 4129: 4118: 4099: 4095: 4077: 4073: 3759: 3662:

A silver-alloyed gold mask from East Java, Indonesia, 14th century.

3627: 3610:(Changgu). Continued travel by land to the southwest he arrived in 3603: 3563: 3506: 3490: 3395: 3375: 3354: 3314: 3227: 3125: 3121: 3116:

Wikramawardhana ruled until 1429 and was succeeded by his daughter

3090: 3078: 3004: 2958: 2868: 2864: 2782:

form. The direct administration of Majapahit did not extend beyond

2596: 2580: 2527: 2439: 2310: 2273: 2196: 2143: 2100: 1990: 1972: 1923: 1809: 1801: 1741: 1737: 1729: 1701: 681: 569: 559: 178: 141: 135: 131: 117: 95: 17270:

The Politics of Indonesia-Malaysia Relations: One Kin, Two Nations

15562: 15274:"Agama Gajah Mada dan Majapahit yang Sebenarnya Akhirnya Diungkap" 10159:, the folk legend of Lumut Lunting and Pilong-Pilongan islands in 5437: 5188: 4596:

According to Ma Huan, the houses of commoners had thatched roofs (

4471:

Pair of door guardians from a temple, Eastern Java, 14th century,

3723:

leaves, and white chalk made from ground mussels shells. They eat

3032:

as a rival and counter-weight to the Majapahit influence of Java.

2511:, Majapahit sent its armada to conquer the neighbouring island of 2033: 19295: 19224: 19180: 19035: 18432: 18130: 18110: 17640: 17015:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

16028:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

15071:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

14713: 14711: 14709: 14094:"Misteri pemberontakan Ra Kuti hingga wajah asli sang Gajah Mada" 13865: 12669: 10582: 10564:, the Indonesian Minister of Culture and Tourism stated that the 10550: 10430: 10417:

The high reliefs of Gajah Mada and Majapahit history depicted in

10354:, one of the oldest surviving kris, is dated to Majapahit period. 10304: 10277: 10224: 10219: 10090:, Bali, demonstrate the typical Majapahit red brick architecture. 7922:, as its rebellious colony, and thus deal with them accordingly. 7915: 7820: 7788: 7746: 7715: 7651: 7639: 7384: 7365: 7235: 7215: 7090: 7052: 6974: 6788: 6778: 6426: 6362: 6327:. Also listed are the states of Tanjungnegara (believed to be on 6320: 6232: 6173: 6165: 5119: 5073: 4979: 4952: 4924: 4916: 4858: 4699: 4440: 4243: 3751: 3567: 3466: 3366: 3358: 3060: 2935:, fled to the west coast of the Malay Peninsula to establish the 2928: 2887:

means there were Muslim people in close relation with the court.

2855:, and eastern Indonesia, over which authority was claimed in the 2830: 2771: 2759: 2705: 2632: 2608: 2568: 2533: 2470: 2342: 2290: 2151: 1785: 769: 162: 19096: 16233:. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Can be accessed online at 10676:

Kuti rebellion (1319). Jayanagara assassination by Tanca (1328)

7513:

Soldiers and equipments depicted in the main temple of Penataran

7446:

Troops consisting of war chariots, spearmen, and a war elephant.

4160:

are known as Buddhists. Gayatri later posthumously portrayed as

4110:

possibly still exist and practised in peripheral rural regions.

3687: 3275:

was the earliest Islamic polity in Java that replaced Majapahit.

2390: 19128: 19003: 18442: 18437: 18145: 16744:

China's Seaborne Trade with South and Southeast Asia, 1200-1750

12953: 12487: 12449: 12445: 11963: 10779: 10530: 10519: 10493: 10489: 10465: 10379: 10191: 10183: 10156: 9171: 8808: 8167: 7957:

Majapahit true rival for domination, however, was the powerful

7784: 7719: 7643: 7287: 7281: 7151: 7098: 6768: 6699: 6653: 6622:, were within the sphere of influence of the Majapahit empire. 6591: 6537: 6521: 6505: 6497: 6449: 6422: 6394: 6366: 6353:

In Nagarakretagama Canto 14 more lands are noted: Kadandangan,

6339: 6328: 6316: 6312: 6276: 6189: 6145: 6012: 5723: 5313: 5271: 5152: 4975: 4956: 4944: 4940: 4904: 4900: 4752: 4722: 4515: 4461: 4432: 4199: 3825: 3795: 3767: 3747: 3647: 3595: 3586:) where he saw large numbers of Chinese settlers migrated from 3535: 3494: 3486: 3361:(March–April) when representatives from all territories paying 3117: 3106: 3008: 2875: 2860: 2848: 2779: 2576: 2501: 2500:, revealing his plan to expand Majapahit realm and building an 2314: 2212: 2118: 2083:, after which some events are covered narratively. Composed by 2076: 1805: 879: 564: 305: 17398:"Learn the History Behind Gamelan, Indonesian Music and Dance" 14706: 13826:"Ying-yai Sheng-lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores" 13543:(in Indonesian). National Geographic Indonesia. Archived from 13288:

Majapahit Overseas Empire, Digital Atlas of Indonesian History

13134:

Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah (2020). "How to read a chronicle: The

10889:(1478), Girindrawardhana defeated Kertabhumi, Trowulan raided 19762: 18417: 18351: 18278: 18140: 15158:

Poesponegoro, Marwati Djoened; Notosusanto, Nugroho (2019) .

14146:"Gajah Mada dan Kontroversi Dalang Pembunuhan Raja Majapahit" 13082: 12964: 12491: 7549:

obey every command of the king. All are faithful in attitude,

7353: 7349: 7002: 6854: 6645: 6585: 6545: 6529: 6473: 6438: 6410: 6386: 6324: 6288: 6236: 5351:, the officials of laws, state laws as well as religious laws 5296: 5292: 5267: 5035: 4964: 4936: 4908: 4734: 4679: 4414: 4331: 4137: 4089: 4062: 3763: 3720: 3705: 3701: 3583: 3531: 3478: 3452: 3330: 3204: 3086: 3073: 3041: 2809:. He invited China to resume the tributary system, just like 2658:. His claim, however, is not backed by historical background. 2638: 2604: 2382: 749: 156: 16528:

Xingcha Shenglan (星槎勝覽, The Overall Survey of the Star Raft)

16377: 16353: 14696:

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society

14529: 14358: 14286:

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society

14173:"Goda Istri Orang, Raja Jayanegara Dibunuh Tabib (Bagian-2)" 13525:(in Dutch and Javanese). Albrecht & Rusche / M. Nijhoff. 6964:

The army of Majapahit was divided into 2 main types, namely

5367:

there is the most important and the highest minister titled

4563:

temple complex, depicting walls, gates, towers, and citizens

3151:, her brother. He ruled until 1451. After Kertawijaya died, 3052:, the only suzerainty under Majapahit in Sumatra, bordering 2252:. Similar ships were sent by the Yuan in their naval armada. 18346: 17950: 17322:"Invasi Majapahit ke Pagaruyung dan Pertarungan Dua Kerbau" 17248: 17058: 16830: 16441:

Kidung Sunda. Inleiding, tekst, vertaling en aanteekeningen

16304: 16130:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 9 and 220. 16041:

Kheng, Cheah Boon; Ismail, Abdul Rahman Haji, eds. (1998).

15826: 14820:

Kheng, Cheah Boon; Ismail, Abdul Rahman Haji, eds. (1998).

14315:"Nansarunai Ditaklukkan dengan Tiga Misi Militer Majapahit" 12758: 10594:

The rulers of Majapahit was the dynastic continuity of the

10537:, an Indonesian telecommunication company, was named after 10359: 10108: 7839:(circa 10th century), the classic rivalry between Sumatran 7109:

and performed boarding actions. Loaded with scatter shots (

6869: 6489: 6481: 6457: 6358: 6149: 6141: 5043: 5039: 4968: 4960: 4896: 4482:

art also flourished in this period. Significant numbers of

4247:

poem that has been developed in Java since the 9th century

3995: 3771: 3724: 3623: 3470: 3334: 3303: 3263: 2987: 2787: 2616: 2512: 2296: 2079:

written during the Majapahit golden age under the reign of

1752: 16:

Empire based on the island of Java from 1292 to around 1500

18972: 16693: 16501:. 社会科学文献出版社 (Social Science Literature Publishing House). 14050:

Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro; Nugroho Notosusanto (2008).

13927: 13647:"Majapahit capital may be larger than previously believed" 10514:

Gajah Mada statue in front of Telecommunication Museum in

4092:, but there were certainly Muslim courtiers by this time. 3056:

on the west and independent Muslim kingdoms on the north.

15376:

Encyclopedia of world art by Bernard Samuel Myers p.35-36

14450:"Jejak Panjang Nan Sarunai, Kerajaan Purba di Kalimantan" 14372: 14370: 14193:(1916). "IV. Ibn Battuta's travels in Bengal and China". 13786:. translated by J.V.G Mills. Cambridge University Press. 13055:, which means "to attack in great numbers". Old Javanese 12476:, a radio drama and film by S Tidjab. Tutur Tinular is a 10410:

consider themselves to be the true heirs of the kingdom.

4943:, tortoiseshell, strange and rare birds; such as a large 4865:(stepped mounds) is a common megalithic structure during 4464:

discovered at Jebuk, Kalangbret, Tulungagung, East Java.

3774:) and play music. After a few days, the festivities end. 3732: 3362: 3101: 2712:, or the Pasunda Bubat tragedy, became the main theme of 16274:. Singapore: Progressive Publishing Company. p. 85. 15490:. Wijaya Words - a division of Yayasan Beringin Berapi. 15393:[Majapahit Village Wrong Design Wrong Concept]. 13574:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 13446:

Prapantja, Rakawi, trans. by Theodore Gauthier Pigeaud,

13397:(2nd ed.). Stanford University Press / Macmillans. 4456:, the statue of Parwati believed to be the portrayal of 17802:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17783:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17764:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17745:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 16859: 16365: 16341: 16231:

Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa Edisi Keempat

16054: 15812:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 15769:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 15456:

Schoppert, P.; Damais, S. (1997). Didier Millet (ed.).

15434: 15350:

Kate O'Brien; Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder, eds. (2008).

15337:

Jurnal Arkeologi, Kementerian Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan

15307:

Worshiping Siva and Buddha: The Temple Art of East Java

15304:

Ann R. Kinney; Marijke J. Klokke; Lydia Kieven (2003).

13508:

The Brunei Museum Journal, Volume 4, Issue 1 – Page 192

13341: 13339: 13337: 13335: 12876:

The year 1400 saka is marked among Javanese today with

6664:

on the branch of the river Menam), Campa, and Kamboja (

3398:, believed to be the entrance of an important compound. 2058:("Description of Districts") was composed 1365 and the 17736:(3rd (revised) ed.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. 17544:. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London: Belknap Press, 16202:

Anthony Reid and the Study of the Southeast Asian Past

15125:"Ritual and cultural reproduction in non-Islamic Java" 15031:

See also: Hasan Djafar, Girindrawardhana, 1978, p. 50.

14367: 14309: 14307: 14259:"Kejamnya Sultan Samudera Pasai dan Serbuan Majapahit" 13904: 13902: 13450:(The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1962), vol. 4, p. 29. 34 7432:

Battle scene from the relief of the Krishnayana story.

7301:. Other kinds of armor used in Majapahit-era Java was 6468:, Sapi (Sape town, east end of Sumbawa island, by the 6369:), Kalka, Saludung (either Serudong River in Sabah or 4951:, ' bird hanging upside down ', five-coloured pigeon, 2976: 2414:

raised resistance forces to crush the Kuti rebellion.

1902: 1691: 15265: 14649:

Majapahit: Batas Kota dan Jejak Kejayaan di Luar Kota

14216:

The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325–1354 (Volume 4)

7670:

ships, in reality, these ships were from 8th-century

6835:

in the west coast of Borneo), which according to the

5278:

provisions for his crime on killing Mahisa Anabrang.

2341:

the youngest. According to Pararaton, he also took a

2167: 17378: 15627: 15592:

Poesponegoro & Notosusanto (1990), page 451–456.

14339: 14091: 13613: 13332: 12886:" (the wealth of earth disappeared and diminished) ( 12684: 4895:, Ma Huan reported the Javanese economy and market. 4719:

gate, at Trowulan, echoed the grandeur of Majapahit.

4234:

The literature of Majapahit was the continuation of

3789:

by throwing themselves into flaming cremation fire.

2623:

in 1350. The attacking force consisted of 400 large

2460: 17697:

Menuju Puncak Kemegahan: Sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit

17478: 16205:. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 15602: 15600: 15598: 15179:"Ritual Networks and Royal Power in Majapahit Java" 15040:

Poesponegoro & Notosusanto (1990), pp. 448–451.

14595:(2nd ed.). The Hague: M. Nijhoff. p. 412. 14304: 14139: 14137: 13911:

Menuju Puncak kemegahan: Sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit

13899: 13538: 12948:In the same fashion as traditional costumes of how 12444:by Dwi Koendoro published in the Sunday edition of 10206:Majapahit had a momentous and lasting influence on 4117:Gold figure from the Majapahit period representing 3253:since Demak rulers were descendants of Kertabhumi. 2611:islands as under the Majapahit realm of power. The 80:The extent of Majapahit influence according to the 17537: 17314: 17294:Acharya, Amitav; Buzan, Barry (22 December 2009). 13878: 13567: 13114: 13112: 13110: 13108: 10533:, the series of communication satellites owned by 10111:chronicle tell a Majapahit naval invasion against 7695:(1666 km) south of the southernmost point of 7543:amateh i sajna sang nrpati khapwa satya ring ulah, 7313:(a layer of metal worn in front of the chest). In 3690:rattle, 11th–14th century, from Malang, East Java. 3465:, he visited several places in today's Indonesia: 2837:, New York, from c. 1470–1478 Majapahit. Note the 17819:Kakawin Nagarakertagama: Teks Asli dan Terjemahan 17680:(4th ed.). London: The Macmillan Press Ltd. 17447: 16934:Nusa Jawa: Silang Budaya, Bagian 2: Jaringan Asia 16047:. Academic Art & Printing Services Sdn. Bhd. 15966:Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300-1800 15451: 15449: 14980:Malay Annals (translated from the Malay language) 14912: 14862:From Majapahit and Sukuh to Megawati Sukarnoputri 14826:. Academic Art & Printing Services Sdn. Bhd. 14243:, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies 14043: 13511: 13234: 13217:"Majapahit empire, historical kingdom, Indonesia" 7806: 6920: 4241:Hindu-Buddhist scholarly tradition that produces 2995:During the reign of Wikramawardhana, a series of 2619:chronicle describe a Majapahit naval invasion on 2567:, canto XIII and XIV mentioned several states in 1858:to reflect Javanese pronunciation), derives from 1766:and reached its peak during the era of the queen 21309: 20498: 16299:Hikayat Bandjar. A Study in Malay Historiography 15595: 15559:Poesponegoro & Notosusanto (1990), page 220. 15543:"Uang Kuno Temuan Rohimin Peninggalan Majapahit" 15333:"Agama Dan Pendidikan Agama Pada Masa Majapahit" 15172: 15170: 14845:. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. 14842:Malay Annals: Translated from the Malay language 14256: 14134: 13823: 10553:, and the program was started in February 1975. 10468:have been found in many temples in Java such as 7848:the foreign outlook of its predecessor entity – 7557:pituwi sing ajñalanghyana dinon wiśirnna sahana, 7085:utilized gunpowder technology obtained from the 6714:. The provinces written in the inscription are: 6698:The question whether Majapahit is considered an 6307:, are noted in the west, together with Samudra ( 4764:, the largest temple in East Java dated back to 2207:became the most powerful kingdom in the region. 2043:in the National Library of Indonesia collection. 15479: 15477: 15455: 15384: 15382: 13780:(瀛涯胜览) The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 13534: 13532: 13105: 12405: 7584:The main warship of the Majapahit navy was the 6695:(different is Yawana who is a permanent ally). 6448:Also in Canto 14 are territories east of Java: 5632:husband of the duchess of Lasem, king's cousin 4869:before the adoption of Hindu-Buddhist culture. 4443:style classical paintings and Balinese wayang. 4140:or other deities. The first king of Majapahit, 3241:, who later died in battle and was replaced by 2225:sent a massive expedition of 1000 ships to Java 17943: 17338: 16896:HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidik Dan Peneliti Sejarah 16892:"Re-Estimating the Size of Javanese Jong Ship" 16568:殊域周咨錄 (Shuyu Zhouzilu) 第八卷真臘 (Volume 8 Chenla) 16089:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 15446: 15299: 15297: 15295: 15002:(4th ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 14899: 14693: 14252: 14250: 14212: 14208: 14206: 13908: 13603:. Jakarta: ADLine Communications. p. 102. 13466: 13416: 13414: 12993: 12991: 12808: 12802: 12794: 10451:", written by a Majapahit poet, Mpu Tantular. 10307:pavilion, commonly found across Java and Bali. 7681: 7571:tekap ikang watek jaladhi mantry aneka suyaśa. 7569: 7555: 7541: 7529:irika tang anyabhumi sakhahemban ing Yawapuri, 7527: 7297:. There is also a kind of steel helmet called 7149:numbered forty alongside their swords and red 3105:The mortuary deified portrait statue of Queen 2534:Reign of Hayam Wuruk and Gajah Mada's conquest 28: 21333:States and territories disestablished in 1527 20484: 18988: 18581: 17929: 17472: 16811: 15758: 15391:"Kampung Majapahit Salah Desain Salah Konsep" 15167: 14895: 14893: 14891: 14889: 14858: 14605: 14213:Gibb, H.A.R.; Beckingham, C.F., eds. (1994), 13882:The Muslim world: a historical survey, Part 4 13664: 10060: 7575: 7561: 7547: 7533: 6906: 6843:for the marriage of a Majapahit princess and 4369:Bhinnêka tunggal ika tan hana dharma mangrwa. 4167:The state religion however, was possibly the 4043: 2401:Kertarajasa Wijaya was succeeded by his heir 2161: 2150:between 1405 and 1432. Zheng He's translator 1657: 20445:"Empire" as a description of foreign policy 17293: 17245:(Ithaca: Cornell University Press), 197–213. 16544: 15896: 15667:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 15474: 15460:. Paris: Periplus Editions. pp. 33–34. 15379: 14379:"Jejak Nansarunai Dan Tantangan Globalisasi" 13529: 13420: 13388: 13386: 13384: 13382: 13380: 13243:Deśawarṇana (Nāgarakṛtagama) by Mpu Prapañca 13093:) worn by clergy, the other means armor. See 12625:downloadable content has one of its rulers, 12416:Indonesian Institute of the Arts, Yogyakarta 7856:projected his influence abroad by launching 7692:Itinerario de Ludouico de Varthema Bolognese 7611:, carrying 600–700 men, with 1200–1400 tons 7269:Bodhisattva Manjusri wielding a sword, from 5357:, the officials concerning religious affairs 4365:Mangka ng Jinatwa kalawan Siwatatwa tunggal, 4275:are continuously preserved and rewritten by 17852: 15886:(PhD thesis). The University of Queensland. 15739:. Bond University Australia. Archived from 15510: 15483: 15292: 14730: 14645: 14639: 14559: 14247: 14203: 13770: 13768: 13766: 13764: 13762: 13760: 13758: 13599:Bullough, Nigel (1995). Mujiyono PH (ed.). 13411: 13395:A history of modern Indonesia since c. 1300 13378: 13376: 13374: 13372: 13370: 13368: 13366: 13364: 13362: 13360: 13119:Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah (20 January 2020). 12988: 10797:Kertawijaya styled Wijayaparakramawardhana 10292:, and various palaces and temples in Bali. 10123:The Majapahit style minaret of Kudus Mosque 7317:canto 2 stanza 85 it is explained that the 6212:A 1.79 kilogram, 21-karat Majapahit period 4971:, however donkeys and geese are not found. 2797:in Sumatra, in the 1370s, a Malay ruler of 21328:States and territories established in 1293 20491: 20477: 18995: 18981: 18588: 18574: 17936: 17922: 17760:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1960c). 17741:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1960b). 17732:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1960a). 17441: 16636: 16403:[The Golden Armor of Gajah Mada]. 16229:in Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (2008). 14886: 14655:(in Indonesian). Yogyakarta: Kepel Press. 14533:Sejarah Peradaban Manusia: Zaman Majapahit 14441: 14333: 14199:. London: Hakluyt Society. pp. 1–106. 13982: 13980: 13978: 13976: 13974: 13972: 13970: 13968: 13966: 13964: 13962: 13857: 13819: 13817: 13815: 13813: 13811: 13809: 13807: 13805: 13803: 13756: 13754: 13752: 13750: 13748: 13746: 13744: 13742: 13740: 13738: 13644: 10856:Suraprabhawa styled Singhawikramawardhana 10067: 10053: 7145:So came out with their ornaments men with 6913: 6899: 4050: 4036: 3426:Relief from Trowulan: Countryside, walled 3288:Malacca was captured by Portuguese in 1511 3147:In 1447, Suhita died and was succeeded by 2851:, including Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, 2333:month in the year 1215 using the Javanese 2024:as to correct certain errors found in the 1983: 1664: 1650: 270:Tritaraju, Pager Antimun, Gagak Katawang, 74: 61: 17798:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1963). 17779:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1962). 17134: 16993:Nugroho (2011), p. 271, 399–400, quoting 16907: 16849:Muljana, Raden Benedictus Slamet (1979). 16780: 15988: 15808:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1962). 15765:Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1962). 15678: 15140: 14973: 14971: 14954:. Cornell University Press. p. 276. 14951:Art in Indonesia: Continuities and Change 14768:Nugroho (2011), p. 271, 399–400, quoting 14555: 14553: 14551: 14549: 14547: 14545: 14543: 14394: 14034: 13960: 13958: 13956: 13954: 13952: 13950: 13948: 13946: 13944: 13942: 13679: 13299: 13297: 13295: 13133: 13118: 12819:s of Aceh, Banjar, Malay, Palembang, etc. 7831:For several centuries — since the era of 7827:was within Majapahit sphere of influence. 7775:, Timor, Banda, Sumatra, Malacca, China, 4682:is also a popular construction material. 4361:Bhinnêki rakwa ring apan kena parwanosen, 3230:, to 1527. The year 1478 was the year of 2708:to defend the honour of her country. The 17816: 17759: 17740: 17731: 17020: 16865: 16564: 16477: 16322: 16235:https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/dadap 16139: 16137: 16003: 15989:Miksic, John N.; Goh, Geok Yian (2017). 15788: 15786: 15715:digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl 15660: 15606: 15076: 14995: 14509:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Kanisius. 14504: 14437:. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia. p. 46. 13670: 13598: 13541:"10 November, Hari Berdirinya Majapahit" 13392: 13357: 12789:Some Javanese court literature use this 12409: 10581: 10509: 10412: 10371:is also attributed to Majapahit origin. 10345: 10294: 10118: 10078: 7936: 7875: 7810: 7741:. Regarding the chart Albuquerque said: 7352:nations of West Asia, most probably the 6590: 6207: 6120:port (Surabaya) are considered parts of 6085: 5852:Singhawikramawardhana Dyah Suraprabhāwa 5417: 5413: 5320: 5306:According to the Chinese description in 5291:section, there are also rules regarding 5122:, and during Majapahit's prime numerous 5105: 5048: 4967:, poultries, and there are all types of 4820: 4805:gate with enclosed door. The example of 4466: 4413: 4336: 4299:also dated from Majapahit period. These 4112: 4061: 3511: 3267: 3264:Demak invasion and the fall of Majapahit 3100: 2986: 2824: 2738: 2637: 2537: 2464: 2372: 2300: 2297:The first king, Kertarajasa Jayawardhana 2240: 2113: 2032: 1877:element comes from the Javanese name of 1835: 20269: 17903:, adapted from Muljana, Slamet (1979). 17839:Palembang Prince or Singapore Renegade? 17797: 17778: 17712: 17703: 17694: 17657: 17481:"Nusantara Bukanlah Wilayah Majapahit?" 17479:Mahandis Y. Thamrin (11 October 2013). 17365: 17254: 17161: 17094: 17064: 17038: 16950: 16889: 16848: 16836: 16619: 16399:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (6 August 2018). 16398: 16383: 16371: 16359: 16347: 16310: 16301:. The Hague (Bibliotheca Indonesica, 1) 16288:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. p. 1499. 16267: 16159: 16155: 16153: 16125: 16098: 16060: 15937: 15935: 15877: 15875: 15873: 15871: 15869: 15867: 15865: 15832: 15807: 15792: 15764: 15734: 15586: 15580: 15568: 15440: 15388: 15232: 14983:, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. 14753: 14530:Y. Achadiati S.; Soeroso M. P. (1988). 14376: 14143: 13993:The Indianized states of Southeast Asia 13933: 13835:. pp. 86–97 (Country of Chao-Wa). 13800: 13774: 13735: 13517: 13490: 13472: 13463:(The Hague: W. van Hoeve, 1968), p. 21. 13256: 13254: 13252: 10608: 10549:. The name was chosen by the president 9638:1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak 6071: 5772: 5522: 4974:For the fruits, there are all kinds of 4861:. The stepped pyramid structure called 3187:began to gain effective control of the 2313:. Originally located at Candi Simping, 1792:; including territories in present-day 612:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 600:This article contains letters from the 21310: 17636:"History of the entire world, i guess" 17600:"Taman Majapahit Dibangun di Trowulan" 17535: 17450:"Kris, more than just a simple dagger" 17243:Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era 17116: 17112: 17110: 17075: 17073: 17039:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (30 July 2018). 16615: 16613: 16611: 16584: 16435: 16433: 16423: 16421: 16394: 16392: 16249:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. p. 345. 15960: 15915: 15228: 15226: 15154: 15152: 15122: 15034: 14991: 14989: 14968: 14852: 14764: 14762: 14540: 14507:Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 14475: 14473: 14471: 14340:Munoz, P. M.; Tim Media Abadi (2009). 14170: 14113: 14109: 14107: 14053:Sejarah Nasional Indonesia: Zaman kuno 14016: 14010: 13939: 13879:Spuler, Bertold; F.R.C Bagley (1981). 13565: 13539:Mahandis Y. Thamrin (September 2012). 13292: 13240: 12935:The Javanese victory on repelling the 12662:Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition 10499:In its propaganda from the 1920s, the 7257:Various keris and pole weapons of Java 5335:, usually reserved for the king's heir 2874:About the time Majapahit was founded, 2047: 235:Tribhuvanottuṅgadevī Jayaviṣṇuvardhanī 21353:Former countries in Malaysian history 20472: 18976: 18569: 17917: 17906:Nagarakretagama dan Tafsir Sejarahnya 17853:Tsang, Susan; Perera, Audrey (2011), 17835: 17817:Prapanca, Mpu (2018). Isidora (ed.). 17353: 17079: 16852:Nagarakretagama dan Tafsir Sejarahnya 16718: 16663: 16640:A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder 16545:Hesheng, Zheng; Yijun, Zheng (1980). 16494: 16134: 15982: 15921: 15801: 15783: 15389:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (16 May 2022). 15271: 15208: 15206: 15204: 15062: 15060: 15058: 15056: 15054: 15052: 15050: 15048: 15046: 14785: 14742: 14626: 14536:. Jakarta: PT Gita Karya. p. 13. 14484:. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet. 14479: 14447: 14377:Effrata, Effrata (27 February 2021). 14276: 14274: 14272: 14196:Cathay and the Way Thither (Volume 4) 13986: 13842:from the original on 23 December 2021 13685: 13496:Nagarakretagama dan Tapsir Sejarahnya 13260: 12653:Age of Empires II: Definitive Edition 12393: 12391: 12389: 12387: 12385: 12383: 12381: 12379: 12377: 12375: 12373: 12371: 12369: 12367: 12365: 12363: 12361: 12359: 12357: 12355: 12353: 12351: 12349: 12347: 12333: 12331: 12329: 12327: 12325: 12323: 12321: 12319: 12317: 12315: 12313: 12311: 12309: 12303: 12301: 12299: 12297: 12295: 12293: 12291: 12289: 12287: 12285: 12283: 12281: 12279: 12277: 12275: 12273: 12271: 12269: 12267: 12265: 12263: 12261: 12259: 12257: 12255: 12253: 12251: 12245: 12243: 12241: 12239: 12237: 12235: 12233: 12231: 12229: 12227: 12225: 12223: 12221: 12215: 12213: 12211: 12209: 12207: 12205: 12203: 12201: 12199: 12197: 12195: 12193: 12191: 12189: 12187: 12185: 12183: 12181: 12169: 12167: 12157: 12155: 12143: 12141: 12139: 12137: 12135: 12133: 12131: 12129: 12127: 12125: 12123: 12121: 12119: 12091: 12089: 12087: 12085: 12083: 12081: 12079: 12077: 12075: 12073: 12071: 12069: 12067: 12065: 12063: 12061: 12059: 12057: 12055: 12029: 12027: 12025: 12023: 12021: 12019: 12017: 12015: 12013: 12011: 12009: 12007: 12005: 11997: 11995: 11993: 11991: 11989: 11987: 11985: 11983: 11981: 11979: 11977: 11975: 11973: 11960: 11951: 11949: 11935: 11933: 11931: 11929: 11927: 11925: 11923: 11921: 11919: 11917: 11915: 11913: 11911: 11909: 11907: 11905: 11903: 11879: 11877: 11875: 11873: 11871: 11869: 11867: 11865: 11863: 11861: 11859: 11857: 11855: 11853: 11851: 11839: 11823: 11821: 11819: 11817: 11815: 11813: 11811: 11809: 11807: 11805: 11803: 11801: 11799: 11797: 11795: 11793: 11791: 11779: 11777: 11775: 11773: 11771: 11769: 11767: 11765: 11763: 11761: 11759: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11736: 11731: 11729: 11727: 11725: 11723: 11721: 11719: 11717: 11715: 11713: 11711: 11709: 11707: 11705: 11703: 11701: 11699: 11685: 11683: 11681: 11679: 11677: 11675: 11673: 11671: 11669: 11667: 11665: 11663: 11661: 11659: 11657: 11655: 11653: 11641: 11639: 11637: 11631: 11629: 11627: 11625: 11623: 11621: 11619: 11617: 11615: 11613: 11611: 11609: 11607: 11605: 11603: 11601: 11599: 11589: 11587: 11585: 11583: 11581: 11579: 11577: 11575: 11573: 11571: 11569: 11567: 11565: 11562: 11557: 11555: 11541: 11539: 11537: 11535: 11533: 11531: 11529: 11527: 11525: 11523: 11521: 11519: 11517: 11515: 11513: 11511: 11509: 11483: 11481: 11479: 11477: 11475: 11473: 11471: 11469: 11467: 11465: 11463: 11461: 11459: 11457: 11455: 11429: 11427: 11425: 11423: 11421: 11419: 11417: 11415: 11413: 11411: 11409: 11407: 11405: 11403: 11401: 11399: 11397: 11387: 11385: 11383: 11381: 11379: 11377: 11375: 11373: 11371: 11369: 11367: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11341: 11339: 11323: 11321: 11319: 11317: 11315: 11313: 11311: 11309: 11307: 11305: 11303: 11301: 11299: 11297: 11295: 11293: 11291: 11285: 11283: 11281: 11279: 11277: 11275: 11273: 11271: 11269: 11267: 11265: 11263: 11261: 11259: 11257: 11255: 11253: 11251: 11249: 11243: 11241: 11239: 11233: 11231: 11229: 11227: 11225: 11223: 11221: 11219: 11217: 11215: 11213: 11211: 11209: 11207: 11205: 11203: 11201: 11187: 11185: 11183: 11181: 11179: 11177: 11175: 11173: 11171: 11169: 11167: 11165: 11163: 11161: 11159: 11157: 11149: 11133: 11125: 11123: 11121: 11119: 11117: 11115: 11113: 11111: 11109: 11107: 11105: 11103: 11101: 11099: 11097: 11091: 11089: 11087: 11085: 11083: 11081: 11079: 11077: 11075: 11073: 11071: 11069: 11067: 11065: 11063: 11061: 11059: 11053: 11051: 11049: 11047: 11045: 11043: 11041: 11035: 11033: 11031: 11029: 11027: 11025: 11023: 11021: 11019: 11017: 11015: 11013: 11011: 11009: 11007: 11001: 10999: 10997: 10995: 10993: 10991: 10989: 10987: 10985: 10983: 10981: 10979: 10977: 10975: 10973: 10964: 10962: 10960: 10958: 10956: 10954: 10945: 10943: 10941: 10939: 10937: 10935: 10933: 10931: 10929: 10927: 10925: 10923: 10921: 10919: 10917: 10746:styled Bhra Hyang Wisesa Aji Wikrama 7737:, which already included part of the 7055:, found in the Brantas river, Jombang 6894: 6660:in the south of Siam), Singhanagari ( 6259:. Also mentioned are Kandis, Kahwas, 6104:, the port of Canggu and sections of 5915:Rājasawardhanendudewī Dyah Puréswari 5345:that conduct the daily administration 5266:In Majapahit, the punishment for the 4825:The stepped terraces, pavilions, and 4422:The Pala school of art of the Indian 1971:("country of the island of Java") in 1922:are common in the area in and around 1918:'). Toponyms containing the word 1728: 1700: 18595: 17675: 17618:"Situs Majapahit Dirusak Pemerintah" 17384: 17266: 17235: 17220: 17123:História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 17101:Eksplorasi Sumberdaya Budaya Maritim 16924: 16766: 16741: 16657: 16471: 16316: 16284:Zoetmulder, Petrus Josephus (1982). 16245:Zoetmulder, Petrus Josephus (1982). 16198: 16192: 16150: 15997: 15954: 15932: 15881: 15862: 15663:"Majapahit in the Fifteenth Century" 15414: 15272:Utomo, Yunanto Wiji (22 June 2017). 15233:Colless, Brian E. (September 1968). 15212: 15176: 14944: 14717:Groeneveldt, Willem Pieter (1876). " 14587: 14448:Ahsan, Ivan Aulia (9 January 2018). 14432: 14238: 14189: 13645:Harsaputra, Indra (7 January 2011). 13249: 13081:has two meaning. The first one is a 12554:depicting a fictionalised detail of 10868:Kertabhumi conquered capital (1468) 10178:, are popular tales in Javanese and 10151:mentioned the legend of the fall of 9928:2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack 7914:, and it also saw the settlement of 7186:Cropped portion of China Sea in the 7136:equipments in the Majapahit palace: 7047:Gunpowder weapons used by Majapahit: 5422:Majapahit core realm and provinces ( 4559:Reliefs from the main temple of the 3390:Wringin Lawang, the 15.5-meter tall 2488:. Rajapatni appointed her daughter, 614: instead of Javanese characters. 17448:Tantri Yuliandini (18 April 2002). 17107: 17070: 16944: 16694:Teeuw, A. and S. O. Robson (2005). 16620:Stanley, Henry Edward John (1866). 16608: 16524: 16430: 16418: 16389: 15640:(in Indonesian). PT Balai Pustaka. 15511:Groeneveldt, Willem Pieter (1896). 15330: 15223: 15149: 14986: 14759: 14636:, University of Hawai'i Press, 2000 14468: 14104: 13866:"Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu" 13498:(in Indonesian). Jakarta: Bhratara. 13164: 12486:, the film tells the story of nine 9728:2009 swine flu pandemic in Malaysia 7190:, showing six and three-masted jong 6045:Girindrawardhana Dyah Wijayakarana 4959:, and various other animals. Pigs, 4935:(green beetles used for medicine), 4833:temple complex on mount Lawu slopes 4357:Rwâneka dhâtu winuwus Buddha Wiswa, 3374:which enjoyed substantial internal 2977:Wikramawardhana and Ming expedition 13: 21363:Hindu Buddhist states in Indonesia 17699:. Yogyakarta: LKiS Pelangi Aksara. 17572: 16953:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 16327:. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. 15239:Journal of Southeast Asian History 15201: 15043: 14789:Sulalatus Salatin (Sejarah Melayu) 14672:from the original on 13 March 2021 14269: 14144:Raditya, Iswara (7 January 2018). 14092:Ya'cob Billiocta (22 April 2015). 13730:Het rijk van de vijfvoudige Buddha 13480:(in Indonesian). Yogyakarta: LKIS. 10903:Family Tree of Majapahit Emperors 10699:Sadeng and Keta rebellion (1331). 10632:, styled Kretarajasa Jayawardhana 10264:towering red-brick gate, and also 9568:Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire 9488:Japan Airlines Flight 715 incident 8010: 7873:has led to the enmity among them. 7124:Majapahit had elite troops called 6847:sometime during his reign. Sultan 6614:All of those three categories—the 5949:Manggalawardhanī Dyah Suraghārinī 5894:Wijayaparākrama Dyah Samarawijaya 4473:Museum of Asian Art, San Francisco 3458:, a Franciscan friar. In his book 2442:was never clear. According to the 2389:. Below is a conch flanked by two 2230: 2129: 14: 21409: 17871: 17602:. 4 November 2008. Archived from 16268:Gardner, Gerald Brosseau (1936). 14321:(in Indonesian). 24 February 2018 14257:Iswara N Raditya (21 June 2017). 13307:The Borderlands of Southeast Asia 13121:"Was Majapahit Really an Empire?" 13047:likely derived from Old Javanese 10577: 9738:Attacks against places of worship 7338:) was recorded by Ma Huan in his 7238:, from earlier, 10–11th century, 6516:. Further east are Udamakatraya ( 6445:), Kanjapiniran, all are united. 5987:Rājānandanéswarī Dyah Sudharminī 5873:Girīsawardhana Dyah Sūryawikrama 5810:Rājasawardhana Dyah Wijayakumāra 5178: 4839:megalithic architectural elements 4320:, which is usually translated as 3750:tubes (probably a kind of bamboo 2473:as mortuary deified portrayal of 2461:Queen Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi 1978: 21368:Former countries in Thai history 18956: 18947: 18946: 17628: 17620:. 5 January 2009. Archived from 17610: 17592: 17566: 17529: 17503: 17423:"Lonely Planet: History of Bali" 17415: 17390: 17359: 17347: 17339:Hery H Winarno (24 April 2015). 17332: 17287: 17273:. Psychology Press. p. 37. 17260: 17193: 17167: 17088: 17032: 17010: 17004: 16987: 16883: 16871: 16842: 16805: 16760: 16735: 16712: 16687: 16674: 16630: 16578: 16558: 16551:. 齐鲁书社 (Qilu Publishing House). 16538: 16518: 16488: 16450: 16291: 16278: 16261: 16252: 16239: 16219: 16119: 16092: 16079: 16066: 16035: 16023: 15925:Ancient South-East Asian Warfare 15890: 15838: 15728: 15703: 15654: 15553: 15535: 15504: 15408: 15370: 15066: 14900:Sanjeev Sanyal (6 August 2016). 14859:Victor M. Fic (2 January 2014). 14056:(in Indonesian). Balai Pustaka. 14019:"Masalah Negara Vasal Majapahit" 13863: 13570:Indonesia: Peoples and Histories 13423:"Tracing the glory of Majapahit" 13303: 13072: 13038: 13025: 13009: 13000: 12979: 12687: 10036: 9698:2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods 7852:kingdom, in which its last king 7702:The Javanese people, like other 7503: 7494: 7483: 7474: 7439: 7425: 7411: 7262: 7250: 7227: 7207: 7195: 7179: 7037: 7026: 6687:). What is different is Yawana ( 6004:Rājāsawardhanadewī Dyah Srīpurā 5932:Wijayendudewī Dyah Wijayaduhitā 5495:: the hamlet or sanctuary place. 5475:: the district, administered by 5441:: the kingdom, ruled by the king 5375:. This position is analogous to 5240: 5209: 5198: 5187: 4857:, quite similar to Mesoamerican 4715:The 16.5-metre tall Bajang Ratu 4698: 4689: 4648: 4639: 4628: 4619: 4549: 4540: 4019: 4008: 3899:History of Hinduism in Indonesia 3856: 3679: 3667: 3655: 3635: 3439: 3419: 3403: 3383: 3237:Demak sent reinforcements under 2953:A war of succession, called the 2730:, but it was never mentioned in 2696:(Dyah Pitaloka) of neighbouring 2477:, queen of Majapahit, mother of 1751:that was based on the island of 1633: 643: 592: 526: 501: 54: 21343:Precolonial states of Indonesia 17651: 17487:(in Indonesian). Archived from 17328:(in Indonesian). 11 March 2017. 17136:10.1590/s0104-59701996000400005 16286:Old Javanese-English dictionary 16247:Old Javanese-English dictionary 16011:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 15607:Afrianto, Dedy (20 June 2021). 15545:. November 2008. Archived from 15415:Yang, Shao-yun (15 June 2020). 15343: 15324: 15116: 15107: 15098: 15084:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 15025: 15016: 14996:Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (2008). 14938: 14920:"Jawa dan Melayu dalam sejarah" 14833: 14814: 14779: 14747: 14736: 14724: 14687: 14599: 14590:Hindoe-Javaansche Geschiedenis 14581: 14523: 14498: 14426: 14232: 14183: 14164: 14085: 13872: 13722: 13675:. Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. 13638: 13622:(in Indonesian). Archived from 13607: 13592: 13559: 13502: 13484: 13453: 13440: 13393:Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (1993). 12970: 12942: 12929: 12915: 12905: 12870: 12861: 12852: 12831: 12822: 12597:Civilization 5: Brave New World 9558:Penang terminal bridge collapse 8543:Separation of Perlis from Kedah 7073:technology entered Java in the 5485:: the village, administered by 5465:: the regency, administered by 5223:, the sun emblem of the kingdom 4525: 4183:written in the 14th century by 3329:in the western part. Gradually 3096: 2904:, who also claimed the throne. 2009: 21323:1527 disestablishments in Asia 21278:genealogical numbering systems 18914:British Indian Ocean Territory 17713:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2011). 17704:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2009). 17267:Liow, Joseph Chinyong (2005). 17028:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 16696:Bhomāntaka. The Death of Bhoma 15922:Wales, H. G. Quaritch (1952). 15793:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2009). 15310:. University of Hawaii Press. 15219:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 14926:(in Indonesian). 2 August 2018 14435:Tanya Jawab Tentang Suku Dayak 14396:10.54683/sociopolitico.v3i1.38 13996:. University of Hawaii Press. 13885:. Brill Archive. p. 252. 13347:"Indonesia, The Majapahit Era" 13281: 13209: 13158: 13127: 12783: 12771: 12508:, the first king of Majapahit. 10895: 9468:Campbell Shopping Complex fire 7807:Relations with regional powers 6595:Asia in the early 14th century 6062:Kalamawarnadewī Dyah Sudāyitā 5365:Rakryan Mantri ri Pakira-kiran 5339:Rakryan Mantri ri Pakira-kiran 4796:dated from Majapahit era. The 4347:, a 14th-century Javanese poem 4144:was posthumously portrayed as 2801:sent an envoy to the court of 2393:. 14th-century Majapahit art, 2162: 2125:―the hero of Majapahit kingdom 1346:French and British interregnum 1: 17485:National Geographic Indonesia 16297:Ras, Johannes Jacobus, 1968, 16271:Keris and Other Malay Weapons 16160:Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1976). 15142:10.1525/ae.1983.10.4.02a00030 14646:Adrisijanti, Inajati (2014). 14634:Historical Atlas of Indonesia 13620:National Geographic Indonesia 13421:Sita W. Dewi (9 April 2013). 13264:Historical Atlas of Indonesia 13152:10.1080/13639811.2020.1701325 13140:Indonesia and the Malay World 13099: 10454:The Indonesian coat of arms, 10303:describes the Javanese-style 10163:also connected to Majapahit. 10098:Numbers of local legends and 9678:2002 Taman Hillview landslide 8733:Japanese occupation of Malaya 8192: 8051: 7601:Panji Wijayakrama-Rangga Lawe 7077:(1293 A.D.). Majapahit under 6922:Conflicts involving Majapahit 6693:anyat i yawana mitreka satata 6599:The true nature of Majapahit 5614:uncle and also father-in-law 5447:: the province, ruled by the 5389:Dharmmadhyaksa ring Kasogatan 5257:Perundang-undangan Madjapahit 4915:(useful to produce red dye), 4849:temples on western slopes of 4514:which means "wild boar", the 4486:artefacts were discovered in 4306:were written and composed by 4229: 4121:being borne by the man-eater 3781:). The upper-class performed 3162: 2942: 2818:, known for his chronicle in 2646:figure popularly believed by 2627:and an uncountable number of 2455: 2368: 1760: 1706:(eastern and central dialect) 437:• Founding of Majapahit 404: 386: 20499:Royal and noble family trees 17889:A brief history of Majapahit 17884:Memoirs of Majapahit Kingdom 17879:A Short History of Majapahit 17706:Meluruskan Sejarah Majapahit 17678:A History of South-East Asia 17175:"Majapahit-era Technologies" 17117:Olshin, Benjamin B. (1996). 16909:10.17509/historia.v5i1.39181 16591:. Rúshì wénhuà. p. 70. 15795:Meluruskan Sejarah Majapahit 14792:, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 14346:(in Indonesian). Mitra abadi 14171:Bahari (12 September 2015). 13688:The Journal of Asian Studies 13566:Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). 13519:Brandes, Jan Laurens Andries 13313:. p. 36. Archived from 12714:Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism 12406:Majapahit in popular culture 10501:Communist Party of Indonesia 10311:The vivid, rich and festive 9918:2024 Lumut helicopters crash 9838:Kim Jong-nam's Assassination 9718:Bukit Antarabangsa landslide 8997:North Borneo self-governance 5831:Jayawardhanī Dyah Jayéswarī 5578:aunt and also mother-in-law 5070:National Museum of Indonesia 4460:, and a statue of the queen 3917:Spread of Islam in Indonesia 3746:), beating a drum made from 3111:National Museum of Indonesia 2923:In the 14th century a Malay 2843:emblem on the bronze cannon. 2190: 1947:Strictly speaking, the name 1831: 1234:Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow 469:Native gold and silver coins 7: 21398:Hinduism in the Philippines 21348:1293 establishments in Asia 19002: 17715:Majapahit Peradaban Maritim 17164:, p. 163-164, 166-168. 17099:, in Edi, Sedyawati (ed.), 17080:Jones, John Winter (1863). 16664:Jones, John Winter (1863). 16573:其國地廣人稠，甲兵火銃，為東洋諸番之雄。其俗尚氣好鬥。 16401:"Baju Baja Emas Gajah Mada" 15928:. London: Bernard Quaritch. 15583:, p. 233-234, 239-240. 14786:Ahmad, Abdul Samad (1979), 14480:Munoz, Paul Michel (2006). 14219:, London: Hakluyt Society, 13824:Ma Huan; JVG Mills (1970). 13165:Ooi, Keat Gin, ed. (2004). 13063:, that is, tiger spearing ( 12680: 12490:saints ('wali') who spread 10721:, styled Sri Rajasanagara, 10690:Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi 10620: 10541:, the famous oath taken by 10464:. The statue and relief of 10427:Indonesian National Revival 10186:shadow puppet performance, 9768:Genting Highlands bus crash 9748:Cameron Highlands bus crash 9448:AIA building hostage crisis 9418:Ligitan and Sipadan dispute 9367:Philippine militant attacks 9172:Federal Territory of Labuan 9102:Declaration of Rukun Negara 9092:National Operations Council 9057:Second communist insurgency 7682:Explorations and navigation 6968:(professional soldier) and 6886: 6839:, were given as a dowry to 6500:. Together with prosperous 5839:Tumapel (former capital of 5655:Paguhan (today upstream of 5583:Tumapel (former capital of 5381:Dharmmadhyaksa ring Kasewan 4609:History of the Song dynasty 3931:Hindu kingdoms in Indonesia 3832: 3226:that is correspond to 1400 3224:Sirna ilang kertaning bhumi 2317:, today it is displayed in 2245:Painting of a 14th-century 2168: 1995:Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles 1903: 1759:). It existed from 1292 to 1692: 741:Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms 10: 21414: 17944:Former states in Indonesia 17717:. Suluh Nuswantara Bakti. 17095:Liebner, Horst H. (2005), 17021:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 16890:Averoes, Muhammad (2022). 16767:Jákl, Jiří (15 May 2016). 16637:Partington, J. R. (1999). 16105:. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 16004:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 15077:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 13913:. PT LKiS Pelangi Aksara. 13614:Mahandis Yoanata Thamrin. 12956:around their waist or how 12884:sirna ilang kertaning bumi 12849:, and Ming dynasty records 12528:a traditional Malay legend 10617: 10614: 10611: 10606:in the late 13th century. 10516:Taman Mini Indonesia Indah 10443:", is a quotation from an 9898:2022 Batang Kali landslide 9212:Peace Agreement of Hat Yai 6075: 5333:Rakryan Mahamantri Katrini 5284:Kutaramanawa Dharmashastra 5252:Kutaramanawa Dharmashastra 4872: 4867:Indonesian prehistoric era 4529: 4407: 4259:, 12th-century Dharmaja's 4202:or boarding school called 4088:however, does not mention 3978:Hindu temples in Indonesia 3566:'s expedition (1405–1433)— 3348: 2980: 2946: 2890: 2835:Metropolitan Museum of Art 2234: 2185: 1415:United States of Indonesia 1252:Chinese Kongsi federations 21260: 21225: 21177: 21144: 21101: 21060: 20895: 20829: 20759: 20711: 20683: 20637: 20532: 20504: 20438: 20390: 19907: 19311: 19010: 18942: 18901: 18861: 18603: 18540: 18451: 18408: 18370: 18322: 18254: 18169: 18118: 18109: 18049: 17958: 17949: 17658:Abshire, Jean E. (2011), 17536:Friend, Theodore (2003). 16965:10.1017/S002246340000446X 16603:《海國廣記》記載,爪哇「甲兵火銃為東洋諸蕃之冠」。 16585:Wenbin, Yan, ed. (2019). 15850:www.Majapahit-Kingdom.com 15680:10.1163/22134379-90002587 15571:, p. 56-60, 286-291. 15251:10.1017/s0217781100004737 15177:Hall, Kenneth R. (1996). 15164:. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. 13138:as a conglomerate text". 13059:means a pike used in the 12249: 12247: 12113: 12111: 12109: 12103: 12101: 12099: 12053: 12049: 12047: 12045: 12039: 12037: 12035: 12001: 11958: 11897: 11895: 11891: 11889: 11887: 11849: 11845: 11837: 11833: 11831: 11829: 11783: 11750: 11734: 11693: 11651: 11647: 11635: 11633: 11560: 11503: 11501: 11499: 11497: 11495: 11493: 11491: 11453: 11449: 11443: 11441: 11439: 11437: 11435: 11358: 11247: 11245: 11237: 11235: 11147: 11131: 11057: 11055: 11039: 11037: 10705:(1342–1343). Conquest of 10200: 9828:Movida Bar grenade attack 9578:Bright Sparklers disaster 9478:Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash 9458:National Monument bombing 9428:Kuala Lumpur flash floods 9222:Royal Immunity Amendments 8967:Singapore self-governance 8878:Crown Colony of N. Borneo 8493:Siamese invasion of Kedah 7981: 7690:(1470–1517), in his book 7576: 7562: 7548: 7534: 7103:breech-loading swivel gun 6938:Demak-Majapahit conflicts 6928: 6708:Waringin Pitu inscription 6683:(South India), and Goda ( 6616:Negara Agung, Mancanegara 6504:(central, north and east 6397:is mentioned first. Next 6357:, Samadang, Tirem, Sedu ( 5784: 5781: 5778: 5775: 5768:Waringin Pitu inscription 5705:Lasem (a coastal town in 5534: 5531: 5528: 5525: 4786:, and also split gate of 4251:era, all the way through 3630:or an ox-drawn carriage. 3144:as stated in the legend. 2805:of the newly established 2793:To revive the fortune of 2381:, possibly the Hindu god 2221:Kertanegara of Singhasari 1997:, Lieutenant-Governor of 1892: 1721: 1684: 1566:Javanese historical texts 542: 480: 463: 459: 445: 435: 431: 423: 419: 401: 383: 366: 349: 328: 311: 299: 278: 245: 228: 222:Sundarapāṇḍyadevādhīśvara 215: 198: 194: 184: 170: 125: 106: 91: 73: 51: 46: 29: 23: 21373:13th century in Thailand 20724:Spring and Autumn period 18663:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 17909:. Bhratara Karya Aksara. 17660:The History of Singapore 17546:Harvard University Press 16855:. Bhratara Karya Aksara. 16126:Needham, Joseph (1986). 15855:22 December 2008 at the 15735:Dellios, Rosita (2003). 15213:Yule, Sir Henry (1866). 14865:. Abhinav. p. 104. 14721:". Batavia: W. Bruining. 14592:(Hindu-Javanese History) 14505:Soekmono, Roden (2002). 12765: 12729:List of monarchs of Java 12576:Dyah Pitaloka Citraresmi 12428:Sandyakalaning Majapahit 10782:styled Bhra Prabhu Stri 10701:Pabali, the conquest of 10674:Nambi rebellion (1316). 10598:kings, which started by 10086:("Majapahit Temple") in 9848:Darul Quran madrasa fire 9668:2001 Kampung Medan riots 9588:Highland Towers collapse 9285:Pakatan Harapan takeover 8687:Unfederated Malay States 8279:Samudera Pasai Sultanate 7051:Bronze hand cannon-type 6978:Sundanese troops in the 6078:Territories of Majapahit 5818:Daha (former capital of 5565:Daha (former capital of 5363:Within the ministers of 4341:Palm leaf manuscript of 4142:Kertarajasa Jayawardhana 3325:on the eastern edge and 3286:Meanwhile, in the west, 1854:(sometimes also spelled 1326:Dutch East India Company 967:Samudera Pasai Sultanate 18924:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 16742:Ptak, Roderich (1999). 16698:. Leiden: KITLV Press. 16478:Crawfurd, John (1856). 16323:Oktorino, Nino (2020). 16178:10.3406/arasi.1976.1103 16099:Pramono, Djoko (2005). 16072:Lombard, Denys (1990). 15529:10.1163/156853296X00131 14731:Tsang & Perera 2011 14612:. Xlibris Corporation. 14433:Ukur, Fridolin (1977). 14294:Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai 14282:Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai 14239:Bade, David W. (2013), 14114:Suarez, Thomas (2012). 13909:Slamet Muljana (2005). 13478:Menuju Puncak Kemegahan 13241:Robson, Stuart (1995). 12801:(canto 1 stanza 2) and 12440:(since 1979), a weekly 10621:Information and events 10462:Javanese Hindu elements 9908:2023 Elmina plane crash 9888:2021-22 Malaysia floods 9868:2020-21 Malaysia floods 9858:2018 Subang Temple riot 9818:2015 Plaza Low Yat riot 9798:2014–15 Malaysia floods 9708:Bukit Gantang bus crash 9152:South China Sea dispute 9132:1977 Kelantan Emergency 9122:Federal Territory of KL 9017:Sarawak self-governance 8091:65,000–40,000 BCE 7953:, as well as Majapahit. 7632:ring Tatarnagari tiniru 7307:(chain mail armor) and 7218:arquebus is similar to 7075:Mongol invasion of Java 7011:Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai 6933:Mongol invasion of Java 5383:(State's highest Hindu 5060:, 14th or 15th century 3327:Sunda Kingdom Pajajaran 3172:(the former capital of 2395:National Museum Jakarta 2237:Mongol invasion of Java 1984:Archaeological evidence 1726:Javanese pronunciation: 1698:Javanese pronunciation: 318:Vijayaparākramavardhana 247:• 1350s–1389/1399 224:(Jayanagara, Kalagemet) 211:Wijaya, Saṅgrāmavijaya) 62: 21358:Former empires in Asia 21119:Ancient Roman emperors 17894:1 January 2007 at the 16626:. The Hakluyt Society. 16565:Congjian, Yan (1583). 16085:Reid, Anthony (1993). 15991:Ancient Southeast Asia 15195:10.3406/arch.1996.3357 15123:Hefner, R. W. (1983). 14606:Swaran Ludher (2015). 14036:10.30883/jba.v15i3.678 14017:Suhadi, Machi (1995). 13261:Cribb, Robert (2013). 13245:. Leiden: KITLV Press. 12809: 12803: 12795: 12619:Civilization 6 (2016), 12419: 10754:Siege and invasion of 10591: 10527: 10422: 10355: 10308: 10276:and Sunyaragi park in 10124: 10091: 9518:1985 Lahad Datu ambush 9388:Brunei's Limbang claim 9232:Asian financial crisis 8819:Sandakan Death Marches 8667:Federated Malay States 8553:Crown Colony of Labuan 8015: 7954: 7888: 7828: 7769: 7658:. In the 16th century 7582: 7570: 7556: 7542: 7528: 7175: 7020: 7009:) troops. As noted in 6689:Arabs, see explanation 6596: 6524:). Also mentioned are 6225: 6091: 5970:Mahāmisī Dyah Sāwitrī 5760:nephew and son-in-law 5715:Rajasaduhita Indudewi 5427: 5326:Majapahit courts are: 5111: 5077: 4889: 4834: 4475: 4419: 4403: 4373: 4348: 4334:) of this manuscript. 4125: 4070: 3954:Mataram/Medang Kingdom 3830: 3735:, but with betel nut. 3547: 3517: 3298:to end this alliance. 3276: 3180:(Ranawijaya) in 1474. 3113: 3048:, remnants of the old 2992: 2844: 2829:Bronze cannon, called 2751: 2744:Gajah Mada inscription 2659: 2607:and some parts of the 2551: 2481: 2398: 2322: 2284:is the fruit name and 2272:was given the land of 2253: 2148:his visit to Majapahit 2126: 2044: 1847: 1377:Emergence of Indonesia 280:• 1389/1399–1429 20415:Medieval great powers 17676:Hall, D.G.E. (1981). 16930:Lombard, Denys (2005) 16484:. Bradbury and Evans. 16447:LXXXIII : 1-161. 15844:Nastiti, Titi Surti. 15661:Noorduyn, J. (1978). 15487:Majapahit Style Vol.1 14977:Leyden, John (1821), 14839:Leyden, John (1821). 14120:. Tuttle Publishing. 12749:Hinduism in Indonesia 12552:Langit Kresna Hariadi 12413: 10586:Genealogy diagram of 10585: 10513: 10416: 10349: 10298: 10129:legend of Minangkabau 10127:In West Sumatra, the 10122: 10082: 9758:Hulu Langat landslide 9438:Malaysian haze crisis 9202:Constitutional crisis 9037:Singapore in Malaysia 9027:Formation of Malaysia 8892:Anti-cession movement 8779:Parit Sulong Massacre 8258:Rise of Muslim states 8182:100 BCE–1474 CE 8014: 7963:Ming treasure voyages 7940: 7879: 7814: 7743: 7731:Afonso de Albuquerque 7629:Jong sasanga wangunan 7603:(c. 1334) was called 7592:and 28.99–88.56 m in 7525: 7344:as being used by the 7173:— Hikayat Banjar, 6.3 7138: 7015: 6594: 6508:) are already ruled. 6211: 6089: 6065:granddaughter-in-law 5918:granddaughter-in-law 5785:Relation to the King 5557:Tribhuwanatunggadewi 5535:Relation to the King 5421: 5414:Territorial hierarchy 5321:Bureaucracy officials 5167:and the south Indian 5109: 5052: 4911:. This land produces 4885: 4824: 4816:Balinese architecture 4737:had been used in the 4530:Further information: 4470: 4417: 4408:Further information: 4353: 4340: 4116: 4065: 3850:Hinduism in Indonesia 3809: 3527: 3515: 3489:, all the way across 3337:. A small enclave of 3271: 3205:Islamic proselytizing 3104: 2990: 2981:Further information: 2828: 2742: 2641: 2541: 2475:Tribhuwanottunggadewi 2468: 2376: 2304: 2244: 2117: 2036: 1839: 1432:Republic of Indonesia 1298:European colonization 1197:Riau-Lingga Sultanate 107:Common languages 21285:Quarters of nobility 20836:Pharaonic dynasties 20629:United Arab Emirates 20425:European colonialism 20410:Ancient great powers 18838:United Arab Emirates 18372:Lesser Sunda Islands 17540:Indonesian Destinies 17201:"Kerajaan Majapahit" 16782:10.4000/archipel.312 16719:Jákl, Jiří (2014a). 16199:Wade, Geoff (2012). 15993:. London: Routledge. 15949:Bibliotheca Javanica 15484:Made Wijaya (2014). 15129:American Ethnologist 14806:on 12 October 2013, 14588:Krom, N. J. (1931). 14383:Jurnal Sociopolitico 12923:Bhattara Saptaprabhu 12640:expansion pack from 12519:Puteri Gunung Ledang 10688:Sri Gitarja, styled 10460:, also derives from 10440:Bhinneka Tunggal Ika 10180:Balinese literatures 9688:Indian Ocean tsunami 9378:Singapore race riots 9363:North Borneo dispute 9142:Pedra Branca dispute 8957:Malayan Independence 8912:Federation of Malaya 8677:Anglo-Siamese Treaty 8657:Mat Salleh Rebellion 8453:Dutch–Portuguese War 8172:100 BCE–642 CE 8124:11,000–200 BCE 7920:Kingdom of Singapura 7918:, that later become 7712:star path navigation 7688:Ludovico di Varthema 7605:jong sasangawangunan 7594:LOA (overall length) 6999:Yogyakarta Sultanate 6389:. In Hujung Medini ( 6297:Aceh Tamiang Regency 6194:Lesser Sunda Islands 6132:, areas surrounding 6072:Territorial division 5957:Kabalan (today East 5881:Matahun (today West 5736:Rajasaduhita Iswari 5673:Kabalan (today East 5619:Matahun (today West 5575:Rajadewi Maharajasa 5516:During the reign of 5509:, shortened form of 5396:Bhattara Saptaprabhu 5229:During the reign of 4755:in Probolinggo, and 4667:perspective illusion 4480:Majapahit Terracotta 4439:, especially in its 4410:Majapahit Terracotta 4317:Bhinneka Tunggal Ika 4026:Indonesia portal 3886:identified as Hindus 3803:Portuguese diplomat 3501:. He then headed to 3256:During this period, 3185:Sultanate of Malacca 3030:Sultanate of Malacca 3024:and other places in 2925:Kingdom of Singapura 2718:, also mentioned in 2687:Nansarunai Usak Jawa 2203:in Sumatra in 1275, 2041:palm-leaf manuscript 1960:("land of Java") in 1730:[wɪlwatɪkta] 1702:[mɔd͡ʒɔpaɪt] 1640:Indonesia portal 1261:Heshun Confederation 1177:Yogyakarta Sultanate 1107:Kalinyamat Sultanate 1077:Sultanate of Jailolo 1047:Sultanate of Ternate 760:Tarumanagara Kingdom 373:Siṅhavikramavardhana 21383:Indianized kingdoms 21217:Pontefract de Lacys 20870:21st, 22nd and 23rd 20420:Modern great powers 18865:limited recognition 17855:Singapore at Random 17624:on 12 January 2009. 17606:on 7 November 2008. 17151:on 19 October 2023. 16495:Jiang, Sun (2018). 16439:Berg, C. C., 1927, 16386:, p. 202, 320. 16362:, p. 202, 386. 16225:See the meaning of 15941:Berg, C.C. (1930). 15882:Jákl, Jiří (2014). 15549:on 31 October 2013. 14756:, p. 19&24 14609:They Came to Malaya 14280:Hill (June 1960). " 13031:For the meaning of 12526:epic film based on 10363:1492. For example, 10270:Menara Kudus Mosque 10232:evoke the Javanese 10043:Malaysia portal 9878:LRT train collision 9648:Al-Ma'unah incident 9628:Tropical Storm Greg 9112:New Economic Policy 8949:Independence period 8789:Battle of Singapore 8483:Straits Settlements 8418:Kubang Pasu Kingdom 8137:500 – 200 BCE 7887:in Central Sumatra. 7762:navigate farther." 7001:military which had 6791:(former capital of 6722:(former capital of 6588:and other islands. 6433:is today), Kelang ( 6373:in Manila), Solot ( 5373:Patih Hamangkubhumi 5169:Vijayanagara Empire 4326:, was taken from a 4015:Hinduism portal 3650:in Majapahit style. 3646:, golden celestial 3509:to Europe in 1330. 3462:Odoric of Pordenone 2916:, supported by the 2650:as the portrait of 2432:Odoric of Pordenone 2387:stylised solar halo 2048:Javanese Chronicles 1873:suggested that the 1820:(in particular the 1778:. According to the 1405:National Revolution 1395:Japanese occupation 1281:Santiaogou Republic 1147:Palembang Sultanate 1067:Sultanate of Tidore 937:Peureulak Sultanate 870:Dharmasraya Kingdom 21136:Byzantine emperors 21114:Cornelii Scipiones 17257:, p. 289-290. 17084:. Hakluyt Society. 17067:, p. 266-267. 16839:, p. 178-179. 16670:. Hakluyt Society. 16531:. pp. 25–26. 16313:, p. 204-205. 15846:Prasasti Majapahit 15835:, p. 141-142. 15746:on 3 February 2015 15331:Santiko, Hariani. 13936:, p. 107-116. 13778:Ying-yai Sheng-lan 13221:www.britannica.com 12967:around their waist 12804:Kidung Harsawijaya 12719:Javanese Kshatriya 12709:Gosari inscription 12512:Imperium Majapahit 12502:Senopati Pamungkas 12420: 10887:Sudarma Wisuta war 10761:Paregreg civil war 10663:Kalagemet, styled 10600:Sri Ranggah Rajasa 10592: 10528: 10423: 10356: 10309: 10284:royal cemetery in 10174:, and the epic of 10125: 10105:Hikayat Raja Pasai 10092: 9618:Pos Dipang mudflow 9398:Penang Hartal riot 9242:Reformasi Movement 8987:Sarawak Insurgency 8707:Kelantan rebellion 8627:Jementah Civil War 8533:Kingdom of Sarawak 8503:Anglo-Dutch Treaty 8443:Portuguese Malacca 8375:Selangor Sultanate 8024:Prehistoric period 8016: 7955: 7889: 7885:Pagaruyung Kingdom 7829: 7710:technique called " 7455:kakawin Bhomāntaka 7364:(星槎勝覽) written by 6644:), Dharmmanagari ( 6597: 6488:and Hutan Kadali ( 6299:), negara Perlak ( 6226: 6092: 5428: 5293:buying and selling 5155:in today Vietnam, 5112: 5078: 4907:, but there is no 4835: 4532:Candi of Indonesia 4476: 4447:style, relaxed in 4420: 4349: 4323:Unity in Diversity 4291:. Popular tale of 4126: 4071: 3884:Aliran Kepercayaan 3644:Bidadari Majapahit 3622:or more precisely 3518: 3277: 3247:Sultanate of Demak 3232:Sudarma Wisuta war 3114: 3054:Pagaruyung Kingdom 2993: 2912:until the rise of 2845: 2752: 2721:Carita Parahyangan 2660: 2613:Hikayat Raja Pasai 2552: 2482: 2426:, he was known as 2399: 2377:Golden image of a 2362:Mahapati Halayudha 2323: 2254: 2146:'s reports during 2127: 2045: 2003:East India Company 1862:, meaning "bitter 1848: 1484:1998–present 1385:National Awakening 1215:Christian kingdoms 1181:1755–present 1171:1745–present 1167:Surakarta Sunanate 1137:Kingdom of Kaimana 1091:1526–present 1057:Sultanate of Bacan 977:Pagaruyung Kingdom 918:Islamic sultanates 810:Shailendra Dynasty 230:• 1328–1350s 159:(late period only) 21388:Former monarchies 21305: 21304: 21256: 21255: 20825: 20824: 20817:Singapura-Melakan 20464: 20463: 20386: 20385: 20351:Polish–Lithuanian 19526:Gurjara-Pratihara 18970: 18969: 18907:other territories 18597:Hinduism in Asia 18563: 18562: 18250: 18249: 18105: 18104: 17864:978-981-4260-37-4 17857:, Didier Millet, 17828:978-979-168-553-5 17809:978-94-011-8778-7 17790:978-94-017-7133-7 17771:978-94-011-8772-5 17752:978-94-011-8774-9 17724:978-602-9346-00-8 17687:978-1-349-16521-6 17669:978-0-313-37742-6 17517:on 8 October 2011 17307:978-1-135-17403-3 17280:978-0-415-34132-5 16823:978-8-7769-4014-0 16650:978-0-8018-5954-0 16525:Xin, Fei (1436). 16334:978-623-00-1741-4 16258:Jákl, 2014: 77–78 16212:978-981-4311-96-0 16147:, 3(2), 89 - 100. 15908:978-8-7769-4014-0 15819:978-94-017-7133-7 15776:978-94-017-7133-7 14961:978-0-8014-0188-6 14772:, 10.4: 77: "... 14662:978-602-1228-70-8 14226:978-0-904180-37-4 14127:978-1-4629-0696-3 14025:(in Indonesian). 14023:Berkala Arkeologi 13775:Ma Huan (1970) . 13671:Boechari (2012). 13171:. Santa Barbara: 13057:watang parampogan 12643:Age of Empires II 12638:Rise of the Rajas 12558:'s life from the 12403: 12402: 12399: 12398: 12345: 12179: 12165: 12153: 11971: 11947: 11748: 11553: 11356: 11337: 11145: 10893: 10892: 10642:the Mongol forces 10602:, the founder of 10547:telecommunication 10472:from the ancient 10282:Mataram Sultanate 10274:Keraton Kasepuhan 10107:, a 14th-century 10077: 10076: 9936: 9935: 9598:Genting landslide 9548:Ming Court Affair 9336: 9335: 9315:Bornean Amendment 9295:COVID-19 pandemic 9252:H1N1 flu pandemic 9160: 9065: 9064: 9047:ASEAN Declaration 8940: 8939: 8922:Malayan Emergency 8847: 8846: 8715: 8714: 8426: 8425: 8365:Sarawak Sultanate 8342:Pattani Sultanate 8302:Malacca Sultanate 8249: 8248: 8195:100 CE–1025 8141: 8140: 7590:LOD (deck length) 7387:), long muskets, 7081:(prime minister) 6961: 6960: 6556:. Also Wanda(n) ( 6456:(part of today's 6069: 6068: 5764: 5763: 5282:is a part of the 5219:Three designs of 4154:Gayatri Rajapatni 4150:Mahayana Buddhism 4060: 4059: 3879:Javanese Hinduism 3874:Balinese Hinduism 3460:Travels of Friar 3339:Hindu communities 3197:sultan of Malacca 3001:naval expeditions 2914:Malacca Sultanate 2910:Ayutthaya Kingdom 2803:the first emperor 2615:, a 14th-century 2339:Gayatri Rajapatni 2103:, the founder of 1913: 1901: 1712:), also known as 1711: 1710:(western dialect) 1707: 1690: 1674: 1673: 1488: 1487: 1440:Liberal democracy 1423: 1422: 1368: 1367: 1356:Dutch East Indies 1289: 1288: 1242: 1241: 1224:Larantuka Kingdom 1205: 1204: 1117:Mataram Sultanate 1017:Cirebon Sultanate 997:Malacca Sultanate 957:Ternate Sultanate 908: 907: 890:Singhasari Empire 884:1000s–1300s 850:Kahuripan Kingdom 731: 730: 608:rendering support 588: 587: 538: 537: 534: 533: 514: 513: 368:• 1466–1478 351:• 1456–1466 330:• 1451–1453 313:• 1447–1451 301:• 1429–1447 262:Wekas ing Sukha, 217:• 1309–1328 200:• 1293–1309 21405: 21378:Island countries 21109:Caecilii Metelli 21058: 21057: 20751:Kong (Confucius) 20691:Anatolian Seljuk 20635: 20634: 20493: 20486: 20479: 20470: 20469: 20267: 20266: 19932:Austro-Hungarian 19632:Chagatai Khanate 18997: 18990: 18983: 18974: 18973: 18960: 18950: 18949: 18919:Christmas Island 18605:Sovereign states 18590: 18583: 18576: 18567: 18566: 18513: 18496: 18479: 18400:Solor Watan Lema 18284:Lanfang Republic 18116: 18115: 17956: 17955: 17938: 17931: 17924: 17915: 17914: 17867: 17849: 17848: 17846: 17832: 17813: 17794: 17775: 17756: 17737: 17728: 17709: 17700: 17691: 17672: 17646: 17645: 17632: 17626: 17625: 17614: 17608: 17607: 17596: 17590: 17589: 17587: 17585: 17579:The Jakarta Post 17570: 17564: 17563: 17543: 17533: 17527: 17526: 17524: 17522: 17513:. Archived from 17507: 17501: 17500: 17498: 17496: 17476: 17470: 17469: 17467: 17465: 17456:. Archived from 17454:The Jakarta Post 17445: 17439: 17438: 17436: 17434: 17425:. Archived from 17419: 17413: 17412: 17410: 17408: 17394: 17388: 17382: 17376: 17375: 17363: 17357: 17356:, pp. 69–70 17351: 17345: 17344: 17343:(in Indonesian). 17336: 17330: 17329: 17318: 17312: 17311: 17291: 17285: 17284: 17264: 17258: 17252: 17246: 17239: 17233: 17224: 17218: 17216: 17214: 17212: 17205:Sejarah Kerajaan 17197: 17191: 17190: 17188: 17186: 17181:. 2 October 2018 17179:Nusantara Review 17171: 17165: 17159: 17153: 17152: 17147:. Archived from 17138: 17114: 17105: 17104: 17092: 17086: 17085: 17077: 17068: 17062: 17056: 17055: 17053: 17051: 17045:Nusantara Review 17036: 17030: 17029: 17014: 17013: 17008: 17002: 16991: 16985: 16984: 16948: 16942: 16928: 16922: 16921: 16911: 16887: 16881: 16875: 16869: 16863: 16857: 16856: 16846: 16840: 16834: 16828: 16827: 16809: 16803: 16802: 16784: 16764: 16758: 16757: 16739: 16733: 16732: 16716: 16710: 16709: 16691: 16685: 16678: 16672: 16671: 16661: 16655: 16654: 16634: 16628: 16627: 16617: 16606: 16605: 16582: 16576: 16575: 16562: 16556: 16555: 16542: 16536: 16535: 16522: 16516: 16515: 16492: 16486: 16485: 16475: 16469: 16462:The China Review 16456:Mayers (1876). " 16454: 16448: 16437: 16428: 16425: 16416: 16415: 16413: 16411: 16405:Nusantara Review 16396: 16387: 16381: 16375: 16369: 16363: 16357: 16351: 16345: 16339: 16338: 16320: 16314: 16308: 16302: 16295: 16289: 16282: 16276: 16275: 16265: 16259: 16256: 16250: 16243: 16237: 16223: 16217: 16216: 16196: 16190: 16189: 16157: 16148: 16141: 16132: 16131: 16123: 16117: 16116: 16096: 16090: 16083: 16077: 16070: 16064: 16058: 16052: 16039: 16033: 16027: 16026: 16022: 16001: 15995: 15994: 15986: 15980: 15979: 15958: 15952: 15939: 15930: 15929: 15919: 15913: 15912: 15894: 15888: 15887: 15879: 15860: 15842: 15836: 15830: 15824: 15823: 15805: 15799: 15798: 15790: 15781: 15780: 15762: 15756: 15755: 15753: 15751: 15745: 15732: 15726: 15725: 15723: 15721: 15707: 15701: 15700: 15682: 15673:(2/3): 207–274. 15658: 15652: 15651: 15631: 15625: 15624: 15622: 15620: 15604: 15593: 15590: 15584: 15578: 15572: 15566: 15560: 15557: 15551: 15550: 15539: 15533: 15532: 15508: 15502: 15501: 15481: 15472: 15471: 15453: 15444: 15438: 15432: 15431: 15429: 15427: 15412: 15406: 15405: 15403: 15401: 15395:Nusantara Review 15386: 15377: 15374: 15368: 15367: 15356:. Orchid Press. 15347: 15341: 15340: 15328: 15322: 15321: 15301: 15290: 15289: 15287: 15285: 15269: 15263: 15262: 15230: 15221: 15220: 15210: 15199: 15198: 15174: 15165: 15156: 15147: 15146: 15144: 15120: 15114: 15111: 15105: 15102: 15096: 15095: 15070: 15069: 15064: 15041: 15038: 15032: 15029: 15023: 15020: 15014: 15013: 14993: 14984: 14975: 14966: 14965: 14942: 14936: 14935: 14933: 14931: 14916: 14910: 14909: 14897: 14884: 14883: 14881: 14879: 14856: 14850: 14837: 14831: 14818: 14812: 14811: 14802:, archived from 14783: 14777: 14766: 14757: 14751: 14745: 14740: 14734: 14728: 14722: 14715: 14704: 14703: 14691: 14685: 14681: 14679: 14677: 14671: 14654: 14643: 14637: 14630: 14624: 14623: 14603: 14597: 14596: 14585: 14579: 14578: 14557: 14538: 14537: 14527: 14521: 14520: 14502: 14496: 14495: 14477: 14466: 14465: 14463: 14461: 14445: 14439: 14438: 14430: 14424: 14423: 14421: 14419: 14398: 14374: 14365: 14362: 14356: 14355: 14353: 14351: 14337: 14331: 14330: 14328: 14326: 14311: 14302: 14278: 14267: 14266: 14265:(in Indonesian). 14254: 14245: 14244: 14236: 14230: 14229: 14210: 14201: 14200: 14187: 14181: 14180: 14179:(in Indonesian). 14168: 14162: 14161: 14159: 14157: 14141: 14132: 14131: 14111: 14102: 14101: 14100:(in Indonesian). 14089: 14083: 14082: 14080: 14078: 14047: 14041: 14040: 14038: 14014: 14008: 14007: 13984: 13937: 13931: 13925: 13924: 13906: 13897: 13896: 13876: 13870: 13869: 13861: 13855: 13851: 13849: 13847: 13841: 13830: 13821: 13798: 13797: 13772: 13733: 13726: 13720: 13719: 13683: 13677: 13676: 13668: 13662: 13661: 13659: 13657: 13651:The Jakarta Post 13642: 13636: 13635: 13633: 13631: 13611: 13605: 13604: 13596: 13590: 13589: 13573: 13563: 13557: 13556: 13554: 13552: 13536: 13527: 13526: 13515: 13509: 13506: 13500: 13499: 13488: 13482: 13481: 13470: 13464: 13457: 13451: 13444: 13438: 13437: 13435: 13433: 13427:The Jakarta Post 13418: 13409: 13408: 13390: 13355: 13354: 13343: 13330: 13329: 13327: 13325: 13319: 13312: 13301: 13290: 13285: 13279: 13278: 13258: 13247: 13246: 13238: 13232: 13231: 13229: 13227: 13213: 13207: 13206: 13204: 13202: 13197:on 8 August 2016 13193:. Archived from 13162: 13156: 13155: 13131: 13125: 13124: 13116: 13094: 13076: 13070: 13042: 13036: 13029: 13023: 13013: 13007: 13004: 12998: 12995: 12986: 12983: 12977: 12974: 12968: 12952:wore unstitched 12946: 12940: 12933: 12927: 12919: 12913: 12909: 12903: 12874: 12868: 12865: 12859: 12856: 12850: 12835: 12829: 12826: 12820: 12814: 12806: 12800: 12787: 12781: 12775: 12754:Hinduism in Java 12704:Majapahit Museum 12697: 12695:Indonesia portal 12692: 12691: 12690: 12584:Kidung Sundayana 12343: 12335:Girindrawardhana 12177: 12163: 12151: 11969: 11945: 11746: 11732:♀ Kusumawardhani 11551: 11354: 11335: 11143: 10915: 10914: 10900: 10899: 10877:Girindrawardhana 10841:Girishawardhana 10640:Victory against 10609: 10535:Telkom Indonesia 10457:Garuda Pancasila 10449:Kakawin Sutasoma 10313:Balinese culture 10299:Bas relief from 10254:split gate, the 10238:Balinese temples 10202: 10069: 10062: 10055: 10041: 10040: 10039: 9808:Sabah earthquake 9349: 9348: 9332: 9305:Political crisis 9279: 9262:Sedition Dragnet 9192:Operation Lalang 9166: 9154: 9078: 9077: 8953: 8952: 8860: 8859: 8856:Formative period 8839:Jesselton revolt 8759:Bornean Campaign 8749:Malayan campaign 8728: 8727: 8697:Battle of Penang 8563:Pahang Civil War 8439: 8438: 8382: 8359: 8322:Pahang Sultanate 8296: 8289:Brunei Sultanate 8273: 8262: 8261: 8194: 8154: 8153: 8131: 8120: 8109: 8085: 8061: 8053: 8045: 8029: 8028: 8004: 7986: 7985: 7819:, suggests that 7579: 7578: 7573: 7565: 7564: 7559: 7551: 7550: 7545: 7537: 7536: 7531: 7507: 7498: 7487: 7478: 7443: 7429: 7415: 7361:Xingcha Shenglan 7266: 7254: 7234:Deity holding a 7231: 7211: 7199: 7183: 7041: 7030: 6923: 6915: 6908: 6901: 6892: 6891: 6691:), as mentioned 6007:daughter-in-law 5973:daughter-in-law 5952:daughter-in-law 5773: 5757:Wikramawardhana 5523: 5518:Dyah Hayam Wuruk 5459:(prince or duke) 5355:Dharmma-upapatti 5299:, marriage, and 5213: 5202: 5191: 4702: 4693: 4652: 4643: 4632: 4623: 4553: 4544: 4458:Queen Tribhuwana 4454:King Kertarajasa 4394:) or palm leaf ( 4344:Kakawin Sutasoma 4052: 4045: 4038: 4024: 4023: 4022: 4013: 4012: 4011: 3949:Kalingga Kingdom 3907:Indian Influence 3860: 3837: 3836: 3683: 3671: 3659: 3639: 3562:—a record about 3443: 3423: 3407: 3387: 3345:mountain range. 3178:Girindrawardhana 2983:Treasure voyages 2937:Melaka Sultanate 2849:tributary states 2654:, collection of 2601:Sulu Archipelago 2173: 2165: 2164: 2121:puppet of Raden 1908: 1906: 1896: 1894: 1822:Sulu Archipelago 1765: 1762: 1732: 1727: 1723: 1709: 1705: 1704: 1699: 1695: 1689:romanized: 1688: 1686: 1666: 1659: 1652: 1638: 1637: 1636: 1450:Guided Democracy 1436: 1435: 1381: 1380: 1302: 1301: 1271:Lanfang Republic 1257: 1256: 1220: 1219: 1141:1600s–1926 1131:1528s–1877 1097:Banjar Sultanate 1087:Banten Sultanate 1071:1500s–1967 987:Brunei Sultanate 923: 922: 900:Majapahit Empire 800:Srivijaya Empire 780:Kalingga Kingdom 746: 745: 713:Toba catastrophe 696:94,000–12,000 BP 667: 666: 647: 637: 619: 618: 596: 595: 530: 529: 518: 517: 505: 504: 498: 497: 482: 481: 409: 406: 396:Girīndravardhana 391: 388: 78: 67: 58: 32: 31: 21: 20: 21413: 21412: 21408: 21407: 21406: 21404: 21403: 21402: 21308: 21307: 21306: 21301: 21290:seize quartiers 21252: 21221: 21173: 21140: 21097: 21056: 21017:Petrović-Njegoš 20891: 20821: 20787:Negeri Sembilan 20755: 20707: 20679: 20633: 20528: 20500: 20497: 20465: 20460: 20449:American Empire 20434: 20430:African empires 20382: 20265: 19957:Central African 19903: 19721:Romano-Germanic 19307: 19041:Middle Assyrian 19014: 19006: 19001: 18971: 18966: 18938: 18906: 18897: 18878:Northern Cyprus 18864: 18857: 18599: 18594: 18564: 18559: 18536: 18507: 18490: 18473: 18447: 18404: 18366: 18318: 18246: 18165: 18101: 18087:Sumedang Larang 18045: 17945: 17942: 17912: 17896:Wayback Machine 17874: 17865: 17844: 17842: 17829: 17810: 17791: 17772: 17753: 17725: 17688: 17670: 17654: 17649: 17634: 17633: 17629: 17616: 17615: 17611: 17598: 17597: 17593: 17583: 17581: 17573:Preuss, Shane. 17571: 17567: 17560: 17534: 17530: 17520: 17518: 17509: 17508: 17504: 17494: 17492: 17491:on 3 March 2018 17477: 17473: 17463: 17461: 17460:on 29 July 2014 17446: 17442: 17432: 17430: 17421: 17420: 17416: 17406: 17404: 17396: 17395: 17391: 17383: 17379: 17364: 17360: 17352: 17348: 17337: 17333: 17320: 17319: 17315: 17308: 17292: 17288: 17281: 17265: 17261: 17253: 17249: 17240: 17236: 17225: 17221: 17210: 17208: 17207:. 29 March 2021 17199: 17198: 17194: 17184: 17182: 17173: 17172: 17168: 17160: 17156: 17115: 17108: 17093: 17089: 17078: 17071: 17063: 17059: 17049: 17047: 17037: 17033: 17011: 17009: 17005: 16992: 16988: 16949: 16945: 16929: 16925: 16888: 16884: 16876: 16872: 16864: 16860: 16847: 16843: 16835: 16831: 16824: 16810: 16806: 16775:(91): 185–202. 16765: 16761: 16754: 16740: 16736: 16717: 16713: 16706: 16692: 16688: 16679: 16675: 16662: 16658: 16651: 16635: 16631: 16618: 16609: 16599: 16583: 16579: 16571:. p. 111. 16563: 16559: 16543: 16539: 16523: 16519: 16509: 16493: 16489: 16476: 16472: 16455: 16451: 16438: 16431: 16426: 16419: 16409: 16407: 16397: 16390: 16382: 16378: 16370: 16366: 16358: 16354: 16346: 16342: 16335: 16321: 16317: 16309: 16305: 16296: 16292: 16283: 16279: 16266: 16262: 16257: 16253: 16244: 16240: 16224: 16220: 16213: 16197: 16193: 16166:Arts Asiatiques 16158: 16151: 16142: 16135: 16124: 16120: 16113: 16097: 16093: 16084: 16080: 16071: 16067: 16059: 16055: 16040: 16036: 16024: 16019: 16002: 15998: 15987: 15983: 15976: 15962:Miksic, John M. 15959: 15955: 15940: 15933: 15920: 15916: 15909: 15895: 15891: 15880: 15863: 15857:Wayback Machine 15843: 15839: 15831: 15827: 15820: 15806: 15802: 15791: 15784: 15777: 15763: 15759: 15749: 15747: 15743: 15733: 15729: 15719: 15717: 15709: 15708: 15704: 15659: 15655: 15648: 15632: 15628: 15618: 15616: 15615:(in Indonesian) 15605: 15596: 15591: 15587: 15579: 15575: 15567: 15563: 15558: 15554: 15541: 15540: 15536: 15509: 15505: 15498: 15482: 15475: 15468: 15454: 15447: 15439: 15435: 15425: 15423: 15413: 15409: 15399: 15397: 15387: 15380: 15375: 15371: 15364: 15348: 15344: 15329: 15325: 15318: 15302: 15293: 15283: 15281: 15280:(in Indonesian) 15270: 15266: 15231: 15224: 15211: 15202: 15175: 15168: 15157: 15150: 15121: 15117: 15112: 15108: 15103: 15099: 15092: 15067: 15065: 15044: 15039: 15035: 15030: 15026: 15021: 15017: 15010: 14994: 14987: 14976: 14969: 14962: 14943: 14939: 14929: 14927: 14918: 14917: 14913: 14898: 14887: 14877: 14875: 14873: 14857: 14853: 14838: 14834: 14819: 14815: 14800: 14784: 14780: 14767: 14760: 14752: 14748: 14741: 14737: 14729: 14725: 14716: 14707: 14692: 14688: 14675: 14673: 14669: 14663: 14652: 14644: 14640: 14632:Cribb, Robert, 14631: 14627: 14620: 14604: 14600: 14586: 14582: 14575: 14565:Ancient History 14558: 14541: 14528: 14524: 14517: 14503: 14499: 14492: 14478: 14469: 14459: 14457: 14456:(in Indonesian) 14446: 14442: 14431: 14427: 14417: 14415: 14375: 14368: 14363: 14359: 14349: 14347: 14338: 14334: 14324: 14322: 14313: 14312: 14305: 14279: 14270: 14255: 14248: 14237: 14233: 14227: 14211: 14204: 14188: 14184: 14169: 14165: 14155: 14153: 14152:(in Indonesian) 14142: 14135: 14128: 14112: 14105: 14090: 14086: 14076: 14074: 14064: 14048: 14044: 14015: 14011: 14004: 13985: 13940: 13932: 13928: 13921: 13907: 13900: 13893: 13877: 13873: 13862: 13858: 13845: 13843: 13839: 13828: 13822: 13801: 13794: 13784:Hakluyt Society 13773: 13736: 13727: 13723: 13700:10.2307/2050416 13684: 13680: 13669: 13665: 13655: 13653: 13643: 13639: 13629: 13627: 13612: 13608: 13597: 13593: 13586: 13564: 13560: 13550: 13548: 13537: 13530: 13516: 13512: 13507: 13503: 13492:Muljana, Slamet 13489: 13485: 13474:Muljana, Slamet 13471: 13467: 13458: 13454: 13445: 13441: 13431: 13429: 13419: 13412: 13405: 13391: 13358: 13345: 13344: 13333: 13323: 13321: 13317: 13310: 13302: 13293: 13286: 13282: 13275: 13259: 13250: 13239: 13235: 13225: 13223: 13215: 13214: 13210: 13200: 13198: 13183: 13163: 13159: 13132: 13128: 13117: 13106: 13102: 13097: 13077: 13073: 13043: 13039: 13030: 13026: 13014: 13010: 13005: 13001: 12996: 12989: 12984: 12980: 12975: 12971: 12947: 12943: 12934: 12930: 12920: 12916: 12910: 12906: 12875: 12871: 12866: 12862: 12857: 12853: 12839:Nagarakretagama 12836: 12832: 12827: 12823: 12788: 12784: 12778:Surya Majapahit 12776: 12772: 12768: 12763: 12693: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12611:Surya Majapahit 12578:set around the 12408: 12342: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12176: 12175: 12172: 12162: 12161: 12159:Girishawardhana 12150: 12149: 12146: 11968: 11967: 11955: 11953: 11944: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11745: 11744: 11740: 11550: 11549: 11545: 11353: 11352: 11348: 11346: 11334: 11333: 11329: 11327: 11153: 11142: 11141: 11137: 10968: 10949: 10912: 10909: 10898: 10862:later moved to 10812:Rajasawardhana 10744:Wikramawardhana 10580: 10571:Trowulan Museum 10480:as well as the 10394:'s conquest of 10341:Tantu Pagelaran 10329:Nagarakretagama 10325:Kingdom of Bali 10301:Candi Penataran 10230:Nagarakretagama 10073: 10037: 10035: 10030: 10029: 10028: 9991: 9983: 9982: 9981: 9946: 9938: 9937: 9608:MH2133 incident 9538:Sabah Emergency 9528:Memali Incident 9408:13 May Incident 9346: 9338: 9337: 9330: 9277: 9182:Memali incident 9164: 9082:13 May incident 9075: 9067: 9066: 8950: 8942: 8941: 8857: 8849: 8848: 8742: 8739: 8725: 8717: 8716: 8647:Pahang Uprising 8436: 8435:Colonial period 8428: 8427: 8380: 8357: 8352:Johor Sultanate 8294: 8271: 8266:Kedah Sultanate 8259: 8251: 8250: 8235:700s–1025 8151: 8143: 8142: 8133:Neolithic Klang 8129: 8121:Perak man/woman 8118: 8110:Bewah man/woman 8107: 8083: 8059: 8047:Lenggong Valley 8043: 8026: 8002: 7995: 7984: 7975:Demak Sultanate 7943:Yǒng-Lè Emperor 7809: 7722:were used, and 7684: 7617:Battle of Bubat 7517: 7516: 7515: 7514: 7510: 7509: 7508: 7500: 7499: 7490: 7489: 7488: 7480: 7479: 7451: 7450: 7449: 7448: 7447: 7444: 7435: 7434: 7433: 7430: 7421: 7420: 7419: 7416: 7407: 7406: 7395:(hand cannon), 7374:Shuyu zhouzi lu 7274: 7267: 7258: 7255: 7246: 7232: 7223: 7212: 7203: 7200: 7191: 7184: 7172: 7155:, men carrying 7144: 7068: 7067: 7066: 7065: 7048: 7044: 7043: 7042: 7033: 7032: 7031: 6962: 6957: 6943:Battle of Bubat 6924: 6921: 6919: 6889: 6827:in Sumatra and 6818: 6580:, West Papua), 6391:Malay Peninsula 6342:, Kota Lingga, 6287:, today around 6243:, Teba (either 6229:Nagarakretagama 6186:Malay Peninsula 6114:Arjuno-Welirang 6080: 6074: 6028:Dyah Suréswari 5860:Wengker (today 5683:Kusumawardhani 5668:brother in-law 5665:Singhawardhana 5647:Bhre Wirabhumi 5644:Bhre Wirabhumi 5629:Rajasawardhana 5601:Wengker (today 5554:Bhre Kahuripan 5505:with the title 5503:Paduka Bhattara 5451:(governor), or 5416: 5369:Rakryan Mapatih 5341:, the board of 5323: 5309:Yingya Shenglan 5243: 5227: 5226: 5225: 5224: 5221:Surya Majapahit 5216: 5215: 5214: 5205: 5204: 5203: 5194: 5193: 5192: 5181: 5136:Yingya Shenglan 5090:a desire for a 5068:(collection of 4893:Yingya Shenglan 4875: 4863:Punden Berundak 4757:Surawana temple 4731: 4730: 4729: 4728: 4712: 4705: 4704: 4703: 4695: 4694: 4662: 4661: 4660: 4659: 4655: 4654: 4653: 4645: 4644: 4635: 4634: 4633: 4625: 4624: 4571:Yingya Shenglan 4567: 4566: 4565: 4564: 4556: 4555: 4554: 4546: 4545: 4534: 4528: 4412: 4406: 4380:Yingya Shenglan 4372: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4289:Tantu Pagelaran 4281:Nagarakretagama 4232: 4171:, the Javanese 4104:Mataram Kingdom 4086:Nagarakretagama 4056: 4020: 4018: 4009: 4007: 4002: 4001: 4000: 3980: 3970: 3969: 3968: 3933: 3923: 3922: 3921: 3912:Sanskritisation 3901: 3891: 3890: 3889: 3868: 3835: 3787:self immolation 3691: 3684: 3675: 3672: 3663: 3660: 3651: 3640: 3576:Wikramawardhana 3559:Yingya Shenglan 3447: 3444: 3435: 3424: 3415: 3408: 3399: 3388: 3351: 3266: 3216:chandrasengkala 3165: 3099: 3066:Yingya Shenglan 2985: 2979: 2963:Wikramawardhana 2951: 2945: 2898:Wikramawardhana 2893: 2857:Nagarakretagama 2840:Surya Majapahit 2776:Malay Peninsula 2762:extending from 2756:Nagarakretagama 2733:Nagarakretagama 2710:Battle of Bubat 2656:Trowulan Museum 2573:Malay Peninsula 2564:Nagarakretagama 2548:Demak Sultanate 2536: 2463: 2458: 2371: 2349:princess named 2319:National Museum 2299: 2239: 2233: 2231:Mongol invasion 2193: 2188: 2157:Yingya Shenglan 2132: 2130:Chinese Sources 2070:Nagarakretagama 2068:(also known as 2050: 2012: 1986: 1981: 1871:Berthold Laufer 1834: 1816:, southwestern 1763: 1755:(in modern-day 1725: 1697: 1670: 1634: 1632: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1535: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1500: 1490: 1489: 1474:1967–1998 1464:1966–1967 1454:1959–1966 1444:1950–1959 1433: 1425: 1424: 1419:1949–1950 1409:1945–1949 1399:1942–1945 1389:1908–1942 1378: 1370: 1369: 1364: 1363:1945–1949 1362: 1361:1800–1942 1350:1806–1816 1340:1685–1824 1330:1602–1799 1320:1521–1677 1310:1512–1850 1299: 1291: 1290: 1285:1777–1853 1275:1777–1884 1265:1776–1854 1254: 1244: 1243: 1217: 1207: 1206: 1201:1824–1911 1191:1814–1946 1161:1725–1946 1151:1659–1823 1127:Johor Sultanate 1121:1586–1755 1111:1527–1599 1101:1526–1863 1081:1496–1903 1061:1515–1946 1051:1486–1914 1041:1496–1903 1031:1475–1554 1027:Demak Sultanate 1021:1445–1677 1011:1405–1851 1001:1400–1511 991:1368–1888 981:1347–1833 971:1267–1521 961:1257–1914 951:1225–1613 927:Spread of Islam 920: 910: 909: 904:1293–1527 894:1222–1292 874:1183–1347 864:1045–1221 854:1019–1045 820:Mataram Kingdom 743: 733: 732: 664: 635: 628: 617: 616: 615: 606:Without proper 602:Javanese script 597: 593: 584: 527: 522:Demak Sultanate 502: 452: 438: 410: 407: 392: 389: 369: 352: 331: 314: 302: 285:Vikramavardhana 281: 248: 231: 218: 201: 87: 69: 68: 64:Surya Majapahit 59: 42: 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 21411: 21401: 21400: 21395: 21390: 21385: 21380: 21375: 21370: 21365: 21360: 21355: 21350: 21345: 21340: 21335: 21330: 21325: 21320: 21303: 21302: 21300: 21299: 21294: 21293: 21292: 21282: 21281: 21280: 21270: 21264: 21262: 21258: 21257: 21254: 21253: 21251: 21250: 21245: 21240: 21235: 21229: 21227: 21223: 21222: 21220: 21219: 21214: 21213: 21212: 21207: 21202: 21201: 21200: 21190: 21181: 21179: 21175: 21174: 21172: 21171: 21170: 21169: 21164: 21159: 21148: 21146: 21142: 21141: 21139: 21138: 21133: 21132: 21131: 21126: 21124:Julio-Claudian 21116: 21111: 21105: 21103: 21099: 21098: 21096: 21095: 21090: 21085: 21080: 21078:United Georgia 21075: 21070: 21064: 21062: 21055: 21054: 21049: 21044: 21039: 21034: 21029: 21024: 21019: 21014: 21009: 21008: 21007: 20997: 20992: 20987: 20982: 20977: 20972: 20967: 20962: 20957: 20952: 20951: 20950: 20945: 20935: 20930: 20925: 20920: 20915: 20910: 20905: 20899: 20897: 20893: 20892: 20890: 20889: 20884: 20883: 20882: 20877: 20872: 20867: 20862: 20857: 20852: 20847: 20842: 20833: 20831: 20827: 20826: 20823: 20822: 20820: 20819: 20814: 20809: 20804: 20799: 20794: 20789: 20784: 20779: 20774: 20769: 20763: 20761: 20757: 20756: 20754: 20753: 20748: 20743: 20738: 20733: 20732: 20731: 20729:Warring States 20726: 20715: 20713: 20709: 20708: 20706: 20705: 20704: 20703: 20693: 20687: 20685: 20681: 20680: 20678: 20677: 20672: 20667: 20662: 20657: 20652: 20647: 20641: 20639: 20632: 20631: 20626: 20621: 20620: 20619: 20609: 20604: 20599: 20594: 20589: 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19333: 19328: 19323: 19317: 19315: 19313:Post-classical 19309: 19308: 19306: 19305: 19304: 19303: 19293: 19288: 19287: 19286: 19281: 19271: 19270: 19269: 19259: 19258: 19257: 19252: 19247: 19242: 19237: 19232: 19222: 19217: 19212: 19211: 19210: 19205: 19200: 19195: 19185: 19184: 19183: 19178: 19168: 19163: 19162: 19161: 19156: 19151: 19146: 19141: 19131: 19126: 19121: 19120: 19119: 19114: 19112:Middle Kingdom 19109: 19099: 19094: 19093: 19092: 19087: 19082: 19072: 19071: 19070: 19068:Neo-Babylonian 19065: 19060: 19058:Old Babylonian 19050: 19049: 19048: 19043: 19033: 19028: 19022: 19020: 19008: 19007: 19000: 18999: 18992: 18985: 18977: 18968: 18967: 18965: 18964: 18954: 18943: 18940: 18939: 18937: 18936: 18931: 18926: 18921: 18916: 18910: 18908: 18899: 18898: 18896: 18895: 18890: 18885: 18880: 18875: 18869: 18867: 18859: 18858: 18856: 18855: 18850: 18845: 18840: 18835: 18830: 18825: 18820: 18815: 18810: 18805: 18800: 18795: 18790: 18785: 18780: 18775: 18770: 18765: 18760: 18755: 18750: 18745: 18740: 18735: 18730: 18725: 18720: 18715: 18710: 18705: 18700: 18695: 18690: 18685: 18680: 18675: 18670: 18665: 18660: 18655: 18650: 18645: 18640: 18635: 18630: 18625: 18620: 18615: 18609: 18607: 18601: 18600: 18593: 18592: 18585: 18578: 18570: 18561: 18560: 18558: 18557: 18552: 18546: 18544: 18538: 18537: 18535: 18534: 18529: 18524: 18519: 18514: 18502: 18497: 18485: 18480: 18468: 18463: 18457: 18455: 18449: 18448: 18446: 18445: 18440: 18435: 18430: 18425: 18420: 18414: 18412: 18406: 18405: 18403: 18402: 18397: 18392: 18387: 18382: 18376: 18374: 18368: 18367: 18365: 18364: 18359: 18354: 18349: 18344: 18339: 18334: 18328: 18326: 18320: 18319: 18317: 18316: 18311: 18306: 18301: 18296: 18291: 18286: 18281: 18276: 18271: 18266: 18260: 18258: 18252: 18251: 18248: 18247: 18245: 18244: 18239: 18234: 18232:Samudera Pasai 18229: 18224: 18219: 18214: 18209: 18204: 18199: 18194: 18189: 18184: 18179: 18173: 18171: 18167: 18166: 18164: 18163: 18158: 18153: 18148: 18143: 18138: 18133: 18128: 18122: 18120: 18119:Hindu/Buddhist 18113: 18107: 18106: 18103: 18102: 18100: 18099: 18094: 18089: 18084: 18079: 18074: 18069: 18064: 18059: 18053: 18051: 18047: 18046: 18044: 18043: 18038: 18033: 18028: 18023: 18018: 18013: 18008: 18003: 17998: 17993: 17988: 17983: 17978: 17973: 17968: 17962: 17960: 17959:Hindu/Buddhist 17953: 17947: 17946: 17941: 17940: 17933: 17926: 17918: 17911: 17910: 17898: 17886: 17881: 17875: 17873: 17872:External links 17870: 17869: 17868: 17863: 17850: 17833: 17827: 17814: 17808: 17795: 17789: 17776: 17770: 17757: 17751: 17738: 17729: 17723: 17710: 17708:. Ragam Media. 17701: 17692: 17686: 17673: 17668: 17653: 17650: 17648: 17647: 17644:. 10 May 2017. 17627: 17609: 17591: 17565: 17558: 17528: 17502: 17471: 17440: 17429:on 11 May 2019 17414: 17389: 17387:, p. 274. 17377: 17372:Brunei Sources 17358: 17346: 17331: 17313: 17306: 17286: 17279: 17259: 17247: 17234: 17219: 17217:in Indonesian. 17192: 17166: 17154: 17106: 17087: 17069: 17057: 17031: 17003: 16995:Sejarah Melayu 16986: 16959:(2): 266–276. 16943: 16923: 16882: 16870: 16858: 16841: 16829: 16822: 16804: 16759: 16752: 16734: 16711: 16704: 16686: 16673: 16656: 16649: 16629: 16607: 16597: 16577: 16557: 16537: 16517: 16507: 16487: 16470: 16449: 16429: 16417: 16388: 16376: 16374:, p. 321. 16364: 16352: 16350:, p. 386. 16340: 16333: 16315: 16303: 16290: 16277: 16260: 16251: 16238: 16218: 16211: 16191: 16149: 16145:Jurnal Sejarah 16133: 16118: 16111: 16091: 16078: 16065: 16063:, p. 182. 16053: 16034: 16017: 15996: 15981: 15974: 15953: 15931: 15914: 15907: 15889: 15861: 15848:, in the site 15837: 15825: 15818: 15800: 15797:. Ragam Media. 15782: 15775: 15757: 15727: 15702: 15653: 15646: 15626: 15594: 15585: 15573: 15561: 15552: 15534: 15503: 15496: 15473: 15466: 15445: 15443:, p. 138. 15433: 15407: 15378: 15369: 15362: 15342: 15323: 15316: 15291: 15264: 15245:(2): 325–341. 15222: 15200: 15166: 15148: 15135:(4): 665–683. 15115: 15106: 15097: 15090: 15042: 15033: 15024: 15015: 15008: 14985: 14967: 14960: 14937: 14911: 14906:Times of India 14885: 14871: 14851: 14832: 14813: 14798: 14778: 14770:Sejarah Melayu 14758: 14746: 14735: 14723: 14705: 14686: 14661: 14638: 14625: 14618: 14598: 14580: 14573: 14563:, ed. (1999). 14539: 14522: 14515: 14497: 14490: 14467: 14440: 14425: 14366: 14357: 14332: 14319:jejakrekam.com 14303: 14268: 14246: 14231: 14225: 14202: 14182: 14163: 14133: 14126: 14103: 14084: 14063:978-9794074084 14062: 14042: 14009: 14002: 13938: 13926: 13919: 13898: 13891: 13871: 13856: 13833:Washington.edu 13799: 13792: 13734: 13721: 13678: 13663: 13637: 13626:on 23 May 2018 13606: 13591: 13584: 13558: 13547:on 26 May 2015 13528: 13510: 13501: 13483: 13465: 13452: 13439: 13410: 13403: 13356: 13331: 13291: 13280: 13273: 13248: 13233: 13208: 13182:978-1576077702 13181: 13157: 13126: 13123:. New Mandala. 13103: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13095: 13071: 13066:rampokan macan 13037: 13024: 13008: 12999: 12987: 12978: 12969: 12941: 12928: 12914: 12904: 12879:candrasengkala 12869: 12860: 12851: 12830: 12821: 12782: 12769: 12767: 12764: 12762: 12761: 12756: 12751: 12746: 12741: 12736: 12731: 12726: 12721: 12716: 12711: 12706: 12700: 12699: 12698: 12682: 12679: 12678: 12677: 12666: 12657: 12634: 12614: 12607:Civilization 5 12593: 12587: 12567: 12560:Kuti rebellion 12539: 12515: 12509: 12499: 12481: 12471: 12461: 12435: 12407: 12404: 12401: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12394: 12392: 12390: 12388: 12386: 12384: 12382: 12380: 12378: 12376: 12374: 12372: 12370: 12368: 12366: 12364: 12362: 12360: 12358: 12356: 12354: 12352: 12350: 12348: 12346: 12332: 12330: 12328: 12326: 12324: 12322: 12320: 12318: 12316: 12314: 12312: 12310: 12307: 12305: 12304: 12302: 12300: 12298: 12296: 12294: 12292: 12290: 12288: 12286: 12284: 12282: 12280: 12278: 12276: 12274: 12272: 12270: 12268: 12266: 12264: 12262: 12260: 12258: 12256: 12254: 12252: 12250: 12248: 12246: 12244: 12242: 12240: 12238: 12236: 12234: 12232: 12230: 12228: 12226: 12224: 12222: 12219: 12217: 12216: 12214: 12212: 12210: 12208: 12206: 12204: 12202: 12200: 12198: 12196: 12194: 12192: 12190: 12188: 12186: 12184: 12182: 12180: 12168: 12166: 12156: 12154: 12145:Rajasawardhana 12142: 12140: 12138: 12136: 12134: 12132: 12130: 12128: 12126: 12124: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12116: 12114: 12112: 12110: 12108: 12106: 12104: 12102: 12100: 12098: 12096: 12093: 12092: 12090: 12088: 12086: 12084: 12082: 12080: 12078: 12076: 12074: 12072: 12070: 12068: 12066: 12064: 12062: 12060: 12058: 12056: 12054: 12052: 12050: 12048: 12046: 12044: 12042: 12040: 12038: 12036: 12034: 12032: 12030: 12028: 12026: 12024: 12022: 12020: 12018: 12016: 12014: 12012: 12010: 12008: 12006: 12003: 12002: 11999: 11998: 11996: 11994: 11992: 11990: 11988: 11986: 11984: 11982: 11980: 11978: 11976: 11974: 11972: 11959: 11957: 11950: 11948: 11934: 11932: 11930: 11928: 11926: 11924: 11922: 11920: 11918: 11916: 11914: 11912: 11910: 11908: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11900: 11898: 11896: 11894: 11892: 11890: 11888: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11880: 11878: 11876: 11874: 11872: 11870: 11868: 11866: 11864: 11862: 11860: 11858: 11856: 11854: 11852: 11850: 11848: 11846: 11844: 11842: 11840: 11838: 11836: 11834: 11832: 11830: 11828: 11826: 11824: 11822: 11820: 11818: 11816: 11814: 11812: 11810: 11808: 11806: 11804: 11802: 11800: 11798: 11796: 11794: 11792: 11789: 11788: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11780: 11778: 11776: 11774: 11772: 11770: 11768: 11766: 11764: 11762: 11760: 11758: 11756: 11754: 11751: 11749: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11726: 11724: 11722: 11720: 11718: 11716: 11714: 11712: 11710: 11708: 11706: 11704: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11696: 11694: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11686: 11684: 11682: 11680: 11678: 11676: 11674: 11672: 11670: 11668: 11666: 11664: 11662: 11660: 11658: 11656: 11654: 11652: 11650: 11648: 11646: 11644: 11642: 11640: 11638: 11636: 11634: 11632: 11630: 11628: 11626: 11624: 11622: 11620: 11618: 11616: 11614: 11612: 11610: 11608: 11606: 11604: 11602: 11600: 11597: 11596: 11594: 11591: 11590: 11588: 11586: 11584: 11582: 11580: 11578: 11576: 11574: 11572: 11570: 11568: 11566: 11564: 11563:♀ Dyah Nertaja 11561: 11559: 11558:Singhawardhana 11556: 11554: 11540: 11538: 11536: 11534: 11532: 11530: 11528: 11526: 11524: 11522: 11520: 11518: 11516: 11514: 11512: 11510: 11507: 11506: 11504: 11502: 11500: 11498: 11496: 11494: 11492: 11490: 11488: 11485: 11484: 11482: 11480: 11478: 11476: 11474: 11472: 11470: 11468: 11466: 11464: 11462: 11460: 11458: 11456: 11454: 11452: 11450: 11448: 11446: 11444: 11442: 11440: 11438: 11436: 11434: 11432: 11430: 11428: 11426: 11424: 11422: 11420: 11418: 11416: 11414: 11412: 11410: 11408: 11406: 11404: 11402: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11388: 11386: 11384: 11382: 11380: 11378: 11376: 11374: 11372: 11370: 11368: 11366: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11357: 11345:Sri Tribhuwana 11340: 11338: 11330:Dewa Adhiswara 11322: 11320: 11318: 11316: 11314: 11312: 11310: 11308: 11306: 11304: 11302: 11300: 11298: 11296: 11294: 11292: 11289: 11287: 11286: 11284: 11282: 11280: 11278: 11276: 11274: 11272: 11270: 11268: 11266: 11264: 11262: 11260: 11258: 11256: 11254: 11252: 11250: 11248: 11246: 11244: 11242: 11240: 11238: 11236: 11234: 11232: 11230: 11228: 11226: 11224: 11222: 11220: 11218: 11216: 11214: 11212: 11210: 11208: 11206: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11198: 11196: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11188: 11186: 11184: 11182: 11180: 11178: 11176: 11174: 11172: 11170: 11168: 11166: 11164: 11162: 11160: 11158: 11156: 11148: 11146: 11132: 11130: 11124: 11122: 11120: 11118: 11116: 11114: 11112: 11110: 11108: 11106: 11104: 11102: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11092: 11090: 11088: 11086: 11084: 11082: 11080: 11078: 11076: 11074: 11072: 11070: 11068: 11066: 11064: 11062: 11060: 11058: 11056: 11054: 11052: 11050: 11048: 11046: 11044: 11042: 11040: 11038: 11036: 11034: 11032: 11030: 11028: 11026: 11024: 11022: 11020: 11018: 11016: 11014: 11012: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11002: 11000: 10998: 10996: 10994: 10992: 10990: 10988: 10986: 10984: 10982: 10980: 10978: 10976: 10974: 10972: 10963: 10961: 10959: 10957: 10955: 10953: 10944: 10942: 10940: 10938: 10936: 10934: 10932: 10930: 10928: 10926: 10924: 10922: 10920: 10918: 10905: 10904: 10897: 10894: 10891: 10890: 10884: 10879: 10874: 10870: 10869: 10866: 10857: 10854: 10850: 10849: 10847: 10842: 10839: 10835: 10834: 10832: 10830: 10825: 10821: 10820: 10818: 10813: 10810: 10806: 10805: 10803: 10798: 10795: 10791: 10790: 10788: 10783: 10774: 10770: 10769: 10752: 10747: 10741: 10737: 10736: 10727: 10722: 10716: 10712: 10711: 10697: 10692: 10683: 10679: 10678: 10672: 10667: 10661: 10657: 10656: 10638: 10633: 10627: 10623: 10622: 10619: 10616: 10613: 10604:Rajasa dynasty 10588:Rajasa dynasty 10579: 10578:List of rulers 10576: 10569:south side of 10566:Majapahit Park 10435:Mohammad Yamin 10208:Indonesian art 10203:) of Kurepan. 10170:, the tale of 10084:Pura Maospahit 10075: 10074: 10072: 10071: 10064: 10057: 10049: 10046: 10045: 10032: 10031: 10027: 10026: 10021: 10016: 10015: 10014: 10004: 9999: 9993: 9992: 9989: 9988: 9985: 9984: 9980: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9957:Constitutional 9954: 9952:Communications 9948: 9947: 9944: 9943: 9940: 9939: 9934: 9933: 9930: 9924: 9923: 9920: 9914: 9913: 9910: 9904: 9903: 9900: 9894: 9893: 9890: 9884: 9883: 9880: 9874: 9873: 9870: 9864: 9863: 9860: 9854: 9853: 9850: 9844: 9843: 9840: 9834: 9833: 9830: 9824: 9823: 9820: 9814: 9813: 9810: 9804: 9803: 9800: 9794: 9793: 9790: 9784: 9783: 9780: 9778:MH370 incident 9774: 9773: 9770: 9764: 9763: 9760: 9754: 9753: 9750: 9744: 9743: 9740: 9734: 9733: 9730: 9724: 9723: 9720: 9714: 9713: 9710: 9704: 9703: 9700: 9694: 9693: 9690: 9684: 9683: 9680: 9674: 9673: 9670: 9664: 9663: 9660: 9654: 9653: 9650: 9644: 9643: 9640: 9634: 9633: 9630: 9624: 9623: 9620: 9614: 9613: 9610: 9604: 9603: 9600: 9594: 9593: 9590: 9584: 9583: 9580: 9574: 9573: 9570: 9564: 9563: 9560: 9554: 9553: 9550: 9544: 9543: 9540: 9534: 9533: 9530: 9524: 9523: 9520: 9514: 9513: 9510: 9504: 9503: 9500: 9498:MH653 incident 9494: 9493: 9490: 9484: 9483: 9480: 9474: 9473: 9470: 9464: 9463: 9460: 9454: 9453: 9450: 9444: 9443: 9440: 9434: 9433: 9430: 9424: 9423: 9420: 9414: 9413: 9410: 9404: 9403: 9400: 9394: 9393: 9390: 9384: 9383: 9380: 9374: 9373: 9370: 9359: 9358: 9355: 9347: 9344: 9343: 9340: 9339: 9334: 9333: 9327: 9321: 9320: 9317: 9311: 9310: 9307: 9301: 9300: 9297: 9291: 9290: 9287: 9281: 9280: 9274: 9268: 9267: 9264: 9258: 9257: 9254: 9248: 9247: 9244: 9238: 9237: 9234: 9228: 9227: 9224: 9218: 9217: 9214: 9208: 9207: 9204: 9198: 9197: 9194: 9188: 9187: 9184: 9178: 9177: 9174: 9168: 9167: 9161: 9148: 9147: 9144: 9138: 9137: 9134: 9128: 9127: 9124: 9118: 9117: 9114: 9108: 9107: 9104: 9098: 9097: 9094: 9088: 9087: 9084: 9076: 9073: 9072: 9069: 9068: 9063: 9062: 9059: 9053: 9052: 9049: 9043: 9042: 9039: 9033: 9032: 9029: 9023: 9022: 9019: 9013: 9012: 9009: 9003: 9002: 8999: 8993: 8992: 8989: 8983: 8982: 8979: 8973: 8972: 8969: 8963: 8962: 8959: 8951: 8948: 8947: 8944: 8943: 8938: 8937: 8934: 8928: 8927: 8924: 8918: 8917: 8914: 8908: 8907: 8904: 8898: 8897: 8894: 8888: 8887: 8884: 8874: 8873: 8870: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8851: 8850: 8845: 8844: 8841: 8835: 8834: 8831: 8825: 8824: 8821: 8815: 8814: 8811: 8805: 8804: 8801: 8795: 8794: 8791: 8785: 8784: 8781: 8775: 8774: 8771: 8769:Battle of Muar 8765: 8764: 8761: 8755: 8754: 8751: 8745: 8744: 8740: 8731: 8726: 8723: 8722: 8719: 8718: 8713: 8712: 8709: 8703: 8702: 8699: 8693: 8692: 8689: 8683: 8682: 8679: 8673: 8672: 8669: 8663: 8662: 8659: 8653: 8652: 8649: 8643: 8642: 8639: 8633: 8632: 8629: 8623: 8622: 8619: 8613:British Malaya 8609: 8608: 8605: 8599: 8598: 8595: 8593:Pangkor Treaty 8589: 8588: 8585: 8579: 8578: 8575: 8569: 8568: 8565: 8559: 8558: 8555: 8549: 8548: 8545: 8539: 8538: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8525: 8519: 8518: 8515: 8509: 8508: 8505: 8499: 8498: 8495: 8489: 8488: 8485: 8479: 8478: 8475: 8473:Pahang Kingdom 8469: 8468: 8465: 8459: 8458: 8455: 8449: 8448: 8445: 8437: 8434: 8433: 8430: 8429: 8424: 8423: 8420: 8414: 8413: 8410: 8404: 8403: 8400: 8394: 8393: 8390: 8384: 8383: 8377: 8371: 8370: 8367: 8361: 8360: 8354: 8348: 8347: 8344: 8338: 8337: 8334: 8332:Aceh Sultanate 8328: 8327: 8324: 8318: 8317: 8314: 8312:Sulu Sultanate 8308: 8307: 8304: 8298: 8297: 8291: 8285: 8284: 8281: 8275: 8274: 8268: 8260: 8257: 8256: 8253: 8252: 8247: 8246: 8243: 8237: 8236: 8233: 8227: 8226: 8223: 8217: 8216: 8215:170–1135 8213: 8207: 8206: 8203: 8197: 8196: 8190: 8184: 8183: 8180: 8174: 8173: 8170: 8164: 8163: 8160: 8152: 8150:Early kingdoms 8149: 8148: 8145: 8144: 8139: 8138: 8135: 8126: 8125: 8122: 8115: 8114: 8111: 8104: 8103: 8101: 8093: 8092: 8089: 8080: 8079: 8077: 8069: 8068: 8065: 8063:Mansuli Valley 8056: 8055: 8054:2,000,0000 BCE 8049: 8040: 8039: 8037: 8027: 8022: 8021: 8018: 8017: 8007: 8006: 7997: 7996: 7989: 7983: 7980: 7837:Medang Mataram 7808: 7805: 7791:, Coromandel, 7773:Maluku Islands 7768: 7767: 7735:maritime pilot 7683: 7680: 7672:Borobudur ship 7512: 7511: 7502: 7501: 7493: 7492: 7491: 7482: 7481: 7473: 7472: 7471: 7470: 7469: 7460:Javanese horse 7445: 7438: 7437: 7436: 7431: 7424: 7423: 7422: 7417: 7410: 7409: 7408: 7404: 7403: 7402: 7401: 7381:Batara Vojyaya 7370:Haiguo Guangji 7341:Yingya Shenlan 7276: 7275: 7268: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7249: 7247: 7233: 7226: 7224: 7213: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7194: 7192: 7185: 7178: 7130:Hikayat Banjar 7064: 7063: 7056: 7046: 7045: 7036: 7035: 7034: 7025: 7024: 7023: 7022: 7021: 6959: 6958: 6956: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6929: 6926: 6925: 6918: 6917: 6910: 6903: 6895: 6888: 6885: 6874: 6873: 6866: 6852: 6817: 6816: 6806: 6796: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6766: 6756: 6753: 6750: 6747: 6733: 6730: 6727: 6716: 6578:Fakfak Regency 6574:Onin Peninsula 6566:Maluku islands 6478:Sang Hyang Api 6216:discovered in 6206: 6205: 6177: 6125: 6076:Main article: 6073: 6070: 6067: 6066: 6063: 6060: 6054: 6050: 6049: 6046: 6043: 6037: 6033: 6032: 6029: 6026: 6020: 6009: 6008: 6005: 6002: 5996: 5992: 5991: 5988: 5985: 5984:Kembang Jenar 5979: 5978:Kembang Jenar 5975: 5974: 5971: 5968: 5962: 5954: 5953: 5950: 5947: 5941: 5937: 5936: 5933: 5930: 5924: 5920: 5919: 5916: 5913: 5907: 5899: 5898: 5895: 5892: 5886: 5878: 5877: 5874: 5871: 5865: 5857: 5856: 5853: 5850: 5844: 5836: 5835: 5832: 5829: 5823: 5815: 5814: 5811: 5808: 5802: 5787: 5786: 5783: 5780: 5777: 5762: 5761: 5758: 5755: 5752: 5741: 5740: 5737: 5734: 5731: 5720: 5719: 5716: 5713: 5710: 5702: 5701: 5698: 5695: 5694:Bhre Pawanuan 5692: 5688: 5687: 5684: 5681: 5678: 5670: 5669: 5666: 5663: 5660: 5652: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5634: 5633: 5630: 5627: 5624: 5616: 5615: 5612: 5609: 5606: 5598: 5597: 5594: 5593:Kertawardhana 5591: 5588: 5580: 5579: 5576: 5573: 5570: 5562: 5561: 5558: 5555: 5552: 5537: 5536: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5499: 5498: 5497: 5496: 5490: 5480: 5470: 5460: 5442: 5415: 5412: 5404:Bubat incident 5377:prime minister 5361: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5352: 5349:Dharmmadhyaksa 5346: 5336: 5322: 5319: 5242: 5239: 5218: 5217: 5208: 5207: 5206: 5197: 5196: 5195: 5186: 5185: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5179:Administration 5177: 5103:(piggy bank). 5082:Wonoboyo hoard 4874: 4871: 4727: 4726: 4720: 4707: 4706: 4697: 4696: 4688: 4687: 4686: 4685: 4684: 4657: 4656: 4647: 4646: 4638: 4637: 4636: 4627: 4626: 4618: 4617: 4616: 4615: 4614: 4558: 4557: 4548: 4547: 4539: 4538: 4537: 4536: 4535: 4527: 4524: 4405: 4402: 4354: 4249:Medang Mataram 4231: 4228: 4162:Prajnaparamita 4058: 4057: 4055: 4054: 4047: 4040: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3982: 3981: 3976: 3975: 3972: 3971: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3929: 3928: 3925: 3924: 3920: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3903: 3902: 3897: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3888: 3887: 3881: 3876: 3870: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3862: 3861: 3853: 3852: 3846: 3845: 3834: 3831: 3693: 3692: 3685: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3666: 3664: 3661: 3654: 3652: 3641: 3634: 3481:, crossed the 3449: 3448: 3445: 3438: 3436: 3425: 3418: 3416: 3409: 3402: 3400: 3394:split gate in 3389: 3382: 3350: 3347: 3341:remain in the 3265: 3262: 3189:Malacca Strait 3174:Kediri kingdom 3164: 3161: 3157:Girisawardhana 3098: 3095: 2978: 2975: 2971:Bhre Wirabhumi 2947:Main article: 2944: 2941: 2892: 2889: 2750:of Singhasari. 2683:Dayak Ma'anyan 2665:Hikayat Banjar 2648:Mohammad Yamin 2535: 2532: 2469:The statue of 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2370: 2367: 2298: 2295: 2256:By that time, 2235:Main article: 2232: 2229: 2201:Melayu Kingdom 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2138:and following 2131: 2128: 2119:Wayang klithik 2049: 2046: 2011: 2008: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1979:Historiography 1977: 1956:but rather as 1880:Aegle marmelos 1833: 1830: 1749:Southeast Asia 1745:thalassocratic 1672: 1671: 1669: 1668: 1661: 1654: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1629: 1628: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1524: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1502: 1501: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1476: 1475: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1462: 1456: 1455: 1452: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1421: 1420: 1417: 1411: 1410: 1407: 1401: 1400: 1397: 1391: 1390: 1387: 1379: 1376: 1375: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1365: 1360: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1332: 1331: 1328: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1287: 1286: 1283: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1255: 1250: 1249: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1239: 1236: 1230: 1229: 1226: 1218: 1213: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1187:Deli Sultanate 1183: 1182: 1179: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1159: 1157:Siak Sultanate 1153: 1152: 1149: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1129: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1113: 1112: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1099: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1083: 1082: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1053: 1052: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1037:Aceh Sultanate 1033: 1032: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1007:Sulu Sultanate 1003: 1002: 999: 993: 992: 989: 983: 982: 979: 973: 972: 969: 963: 962: 959: 953: 952: 949: 943: 942: 941:840–1292 939: 933: 932: 931:800–1600 929: 921: 916: 915: 912: 911: 906: 905: 902: 896: 895: 892: 886: 885: 882: 880:Pannai Kingdom 876: 875: 872: 866: 865: 862: 860:Kediri Kingdom 856: 855: 852: 846: 845: 844:932–1579 842: 836: 835: 834:914–1908 832: 826: 825: 824:716–1016 822: 816: 815: 812: 806: 805: 802: 796: 795: 792: 790:Melayu Kingdom 786: 785: 782: 776: 775: 772: 766: 765: 762: 756: 755: 752: 744: 739: 738: 735: 734: 729: 728: 725: 719: 718: 715: 709: 708: 706: 698: 697: 694: 688: 687: 684: 678: 677: 675: 665: 660: 659: 656: 655: 649: 648: 640: 639: 630: 629: 622: 610:, you may see 598: 591: 590: 589: 586: 585: 583: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 552: 546: 544: 540: 539: 536: 535: 532: 531: 524: 515: 512: 511: 506: 494: 493: 488: 478: 477: 476: 475: 470: 465: 461: 460: 457: 456: 453: 446: 443: 442: 439: 436: 433: 432: 429: 428: 425: 421: 420: 417: 416: 414:Bhaṭāra Vijaya 411: 402: 399: 398: 393: 384: 381: 380: 370: 367: 364: 363: 356:Girīśavardhana 353: 350: 347: 346: 341:Vijayakumāra, 335:Rājasavardhana 332: 329: 326: 325: 315: 312: 309: 308: 303: 300: 297: 296: 282: 279: 276: 275: 249: 246: 243: 242: 232: 229: 226: 225: 219: 216: 213: 212: 202: 199: 196: 195: 192: 191: 188: 182: 181: 172: 168: 167: 166: 165: 160: 154: 144: 139: 127: 123: 122: 121: 120: 115: 108: 104: 103: 93: 89: 88: 79: 71: 70: 60: 53: 52: 49: 48: 44: 43: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 21410: 21399: 21396: 21394: 21391: 21389: 21386: 21384: 21381: 21379: 21376: 21374: 21371: 21369: 21366: 21364: 21361: 21359: 21356: 21354: 21351: 21349: 21346: 21344: 21341: 21339: 21336: 21334: 21331: 21329: 21326: 21324: 21321: 21319: 21316: 21315: 21313: 21298: 21297:Royal descent 21295: 21291: 21288: 21287: 21286: 21283: 21279: 21276: 21275: 21274: 21271: 21269: 21266: 21265: 21263: 21259: 21249: 21246: 21244: 21241: 21239: 21236: 21234: 21231: 21230: 21228: 21224: 21218: 21215: 21211: 21208: 21206: 21203: 21199: 21196: 21195: 21194: 21193:Great Britain 21191: 21189: 21186: 21185: 21183: 21182: 21180: 21176: 21168: 21165: 21163: 21160: 21158: 21155: 21154: 21153: 21150: 21149: 21147: 21143: 21137: 21134: 21130: 21127: 21125: 21122: 21121: 21120: 21117: 21115: 21112: 21110: 21107: 21106: 21104: 21100: 21094: 21091: 21089: 21086: 21084: 21081: 21079: 21076: 21074: 21071: 21069: 21066: 21065: 21063: 21059: 21053: 21050: 21048: 21045: 21043: 21040: 21038: 21035: 21033: 21030: 21028: 21025: 21023: 21020: 21018: 21015: 21013: 21010: 21006: 21005:Orange-Nassau 21003: 21002: 21001: 20998: 20996: 20993: 20991: 20988: 20986: 20983: 20981: 20978: 20976: 20973: 20971: 20968: 20966: 20963: 20961: 20958: 20956: 20953: 20949: 20946: 20944: 20941: 20940: 20939: 20936: 20934: 20931: 20929: 20926: 20924: 20921: 20919: 20916: 20914: 20911: 20909: 20906: 20904: 20901: 20900: 20898: 20894: 20888: 20885: 20881: 20878: 20876: 20873: 20871: 20868: 20866: 20863: 20861: 20858: 20856: 20853: 20851: 20848: 20846: 20843: 20841: 20838: 20837: 20835: 20834: 20832: 20828: 20818: 20815: 20813: 20810: 20808: 20805: 20803: 20800: 20798: 20795: 20793: 20790: 20788: 20785: 20783: 20780: 20778: 20775: 20773: 20770: 20768: 20765: 20764: 20762: 20758: 20752: 20749: 20747: 20744: 20742: 20739: 20737: 20734: 20730: 20727: 20725: 20722: 20721: 20720: 20717: 20716: 20714: 20710: 20702: 20699: 20698: 20697: 20694: 20692: 20689: 20688: 20686: 20682: 20676: 20673: 20671: 20668: 20666: 20663: 20661: 20658: 20656: 20653: 20651: 20648: 20646: 20643: 20642: 20640: 20636: 20630: 20627: 20625: 20622: 20618: 20615: 20614: 20613: 20610: 20608: 20605: 20603: 20600: 20598: 20597:Mughal-Mongol 20595: 20593: 20590: 20588: 20585: 20583: 20580: 20578: 20575: 20573: 20570: 20566: 20565:Mahidharapura 20563: 20561: 20558: 20557: 20556: 20553: 20551: 20548: 20546: 20543: 20541: 20538: 20537: 20535: 20531: 20525: 20522: 20518: 20515: 20514: 20513: 20510: 20509: 20507: 20503: 20494: 20489: 20487: 20482: 20480: 20475: 20474: 20471: 20467: 20455: 20454:Soviet empire 20452: 20450: 20447: 20446: 20444: 20443: 20441: 20439:Miscellaneous 20437: 20431: 20428: 20426: 20423: 20421: 20418: 20416: 20413: 20411: 20408: 20404: 20401: 20400: 20399: 20396: 20395: 20393: 20389: 20379: 20376: 20374: 20371: 20369: 20366: 20364: 20361: 20357: 20354: 20353: 20352: 20349: 20347: 20344: 20342: 20339: 20337: 20334: 20332: 20329: 20327: 20324: 20322: 20319: 20317: 20314: 20312: 20309: 20307: 20304: 20300: 20297: 20295: 20292: 20291: 20290: 20287: 20285: 20282: 20280: 20277: 20276: 20274: 20272: 20268: 20260: 20257: 20255: 20252: 20250: 20247: 20245: 20242: 20240: 20237: 20236: 20235: 20232: 20230: 20227: 20223: 20220: 20219: 20218: 20215: 20213: 20210: 20206: 20203: 20201: 20198: 20196: 20193: 20192: 20191: 20188: 20186: 20183: 20179: 20176: 20174: 20171: 20170: 20169: 20166: 20162: 20159: 20157: 20154: 20152: 20149: 20147: 20144: 20142: 20139: 20138: 20137: 20134: 20130: 20127: 20125: 20122: 20121: 20120: 20117: 20115: 20112: 20110: 20107: 20105: 20102: 20098: 20095: 20093: 20090: 20088: 20085: 20083: 20080: 20078: 20075: 20074: 20073: 20070: 20066: 20063: 20061: 20058: 20057: 20056: 20053: 20051: 20048: 20044: 20041: 20039: 20038:German Empire 20036: 20035: 20034: 20031: 20027: 20024: 20022: 20019: 20018: 20017: 20014: 20010: 20007: 20005: 20002: 20001: 20000: 19997: 19995: 19992: 19988: 19985: 19983: 19980: 19978: 19975: 19973: 19970: 19968: 19965: 19964: 19963: 19960: 19958: 19955: 19951: 19948: 19946: 19943: 19942: 19940: 19938: 19935: 19933: 19930: 19928: 19925: 19923: 19920: 19918: 19915: 19914: 19912: 19910: 19906: 19900: 19897: 19895: 19892: 19890: 19887: 19883: 19880: 19878: 19875: 19873: 19870: 19868: 19865: 19863: 19860: 19858: 19855: 19853: 19850: 19849: 19848: 19845: 19843: 19840: 19836: 19833: 19831: 19828: 19826: 19823: 19821: 19818: 19816: 19813: 19811: 19808: 19807: 19806: 19803: 19799: 19796: 19794: 19791: 19789: 19786: 19784: 19781: 19780: 19779: 19778:Turco-Persian 19776: 19774: 19771: 19769: 19766: 19764: 19761: 19759: 19756: 19754: 19751: 19749: 19746: 19744: 19741: 19739: 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19029: 19027: 19024: 19023: 19021: 19018: 19013: 19009: 19005: 18998: 18993: 18991: 18986: 18984: 18979: 18978: 18975: 18963: 18959: 18955: 18953: 18945: 18944: 18941: 18935: 18932: 18930: 18927: 18925: 18922: 18920: 18917: 18915: 18912: 18911: 18909: 18904: 18900: 18894: 18891: 18889: 18888:South Ossetia 18886: 18884: 18881: 18879: 18876: 18874: 18871: 18870: 18868: 18866: 18860: 18854: 18851: 18849: 18846: 18844: 18841: 18839: 18836: 18834: 18831: 18829: 18826: 18824: 18821: 18819: 18816: 18814: 18811: 18809: 18806: 18804: 18801: 18799: 18796: 18794: 18791: 18789: 18786: 18784: 18781: 18779: 18776: 18774: 18771: 18769: 18766: 18764: 18761: 18759: 18756: 18754: 18751: 18749: 18746: 18744: 18741: 18739: 18736: 18734: 18731: 18729: 18726: 18724: 18721: 18719: 18716: 18714: 18711: 18709: 18706: 18704: 18701: 18699: 18696: 18694: 18691: 18689: 18686: 18684: 18681: 18679: 18676: 18674: 18671: 18669: 18666: 18664: 18661: 18659: 18656: 18654: 18651: 18649: 18646: 18644: 18641: 18639: 18636: 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17773: 17767: 17763: 17758: 17754: 17748: 17744: 17739: 17735: 17730: 17726: 17720: 17716: 17711: 17707: 17702: 17698: 17693: 17689: 17683: 17679: 17674: 17671: 17665: 17662:, Greenwood, 17661: 17656: 17655: 17643: 17642: 17637: 17631: 17623: 17619: 17613: 17605: 17601: 17595: 17580: 17576: 17569: 17561: 17559:0-674-01137-6 17555: 17551: 17547: 17542: 17541: 17532: 17516: 17512: 17506: 17490: 17486: 17482: 17475: 17459: 17455: 17451: 17444: 17428: 17424: 17418: 17403: 17399: 17393: 17386: 17381: 17373: 17369: 17366:Rozan Yunos. 17362: 17355: 17350: 17342: 17335: 17327: 17323: 17317: 17309: 17303: 17300:. Routledge. 17299: 17298: 17290: 17282: 17276: 17272: 17271: 17263: 17256: 17251: 17244: 17238: 17231: 17230: 17223: 17206: 17202: 17196: 17180: 17176: 17170: 17163: 17158: 17150: 17146: 17142: 17137: 17132: 17129:(3): 97–104. 17128: 17124: 17120: 17113: 17111: 17102: 17098: 17091: 17083: 17076: 17074: 17066: 17061: 17046: 17042: 17035: 17027: 17026: 17018: 17017:public domain 17007: 17000: 16996: 16990: 16982: 16978: 16974: 16970: 16966: 16962: 16958: 16954: 16947: 16940: 16936: 16935: 16927: 16919: 16915: 16910: 16905: 16901: 16897: 16893: 16886: 16880: 16874: 16868:, p. 19. 16867: 16866:Pigeaud 1960c 16862: 16854: 16853: 16845: 16838: 16833: 16825: 16819: 16815: 16808: 16800: 16796: 16792: 16788: 16783: 16778: 16774: 16770: 16763: 16755: 16753:9780860787761 16749: 16745: 16738: 16731:(2): 103–118. 16730: 16726: 16722: 16715: 16707: 16705:9789067182539 16701: 16697: 16690: 16683: 16677: 16669: 16668: 16660: 16652: 16646: 16643:. JHU Press. 16642: 16641: 16633: 16625: 16624: 16616: 16614: 16612: 16604: 16600: 16598:9789578784987 16594: 16590: 16589: 16581: 16574: 16570: 16569: 16561: 16554: 16550: 16549: 16541: 16534: 16530: 16529: 16521: 16514: 16510: 16508:9787520132626 16504: 16500: 16499: 16491: 16483: 16482: 16474: 16467: 16463: 16459: 16453: 16446: 16442: 16436: 16434: 16424: 16422: 16406: 16402: 16395: 16393: 16385: 16380: 16373: 16368: 16361: 16356: 16349: 16344: 16336: 16330: 16326: 16319: 16312: 16307: 16300: 16294: 16287: 16281: 16273: 16272: 16264: 16255: 16248: 16242: 16236: 16232: 16228: 16222: 16214: 16208: 16204: 16203: 16195: 16187: 16183: 16179: 16175: 16171: 16167: 16163: 16156: 16154: 16146: 16140: 16138: 16129: 16122: 16114: 16112:9789792213768 16108: 16104: 16103: 16102:Budaya Bahari 16095: 16088: 16082: 16075: 16069: 16062: 16057: 16050: 16046: 16045: 16038: 16031: 16030:public domain 16020: 16018:9784000085052 16014: 16010: 16009: 16000: 15992: 15985: 15977: 15975:9789971695583 15971: 15968:. NUS Press. 15967: 15963: 15957: 15950: 15946: 15945: 15938: 15936: 15927: 15926: 15918: 15910: 15904: 15900: 15893: 15885: 15878: 15876: 15874: 15872: 15870: 15868: 15866: 15858: 15854: 15851: 15847: 15841: 15834: 15829: 15821: 15815: 15811: 15804: 15796: 15789: 15787: 15778: 15772: 15768: 15761: 15742: 15738: 15731: 15716: 15712: 15706: 15698: 15694: 15690: 15686: 15681: 15676: 15672: 15668: 15664: 15657: 15649: 15647:9789794074084 15643: 15639: 15638: 15630: 15614: 15610: 15603: 15601: 15599: 15589: 15582: 15577: 15570: 15565: 15556: 15548: 15544: 15538: 15530: 15526: 15522: 15518: 15514: 15507: 15499: 15497:9786027136700 15493: 15489: 15488: 15480: 15478: 15469: 15467:962-593-232-1 15463: 15459: 15452: 15450: 15442: 15437: 15422: 15418: 15411: 15396: 15392: 15385: 15383: 15373: 15365: 15363:9789745241077 15359: 15355: 15354: 15346: 15338: 15334: 15327: 15319: 15317:9780824827793 15313: 15309: 15308: 15300: 15298: 15296: 15279: 15275: 15268: 15260: 15256: 15252: 15248: 15244: 15240: 15236: 15229: 15227: 15218: 15217: 15209: 15207: 15205: 15196: 15192: 15188: 15184: 15180: 15173: 15171: 15163: 15162: 15155: 15153: 15143: 15138: 15134: 15130: 15126: 15119: 15110: 15101: 15093: 15091:9784000085052 15087: 15083: 15082: 15074: 15073:public domain 15063: 15061: 15059: 15057: 15055: 15053: 15051: 15049: 15047: 15037: 15028: 15019: 15011: 15009:9780230546851 15005: 15001: 15000: 14992: 14990: 14982: 14981: 14974: 14972: 14963: 14957: 14953: 14952: 14947: 14941: 14925: 14921: 14915: 14907: 14903: 14896: 14894: 14892: 14890: 14874: 14872:9788170174042 14868: 14864: 14863: 14855: 14848: 14844: 14843: 14836: 14829: 14825: 14824: 14817: 14810: 14805: 14801: 14799:983-62-5601-6 14795: 14791: 14790: 14782: 14775: 14771: 14765: 14763: 14755: 14750: 14744: 14739: 14733:, p. 120 14732: 14727: 14720: 14714: 14712: 14710: 14701: 14697: 14690: 14684: 14668: 14664: 14658: 14651: 14650: 14642: 14635: 14629: 14621: 14619:9781503500365 14615: 14611: 14610: 14602: 14594: 14591: 14584: 14576: 14570: 14566: 14562: 14556: 14554: 14552: 14550: 14548: 14546: 14544: 14535: 14532: 14526: 14518: 14516:9789794132906 14512: 14508: 14501: 14493: 14491:981-4155-67-5 14487: 14483: 14476: 14474: 14472: 14455: 14451: 14444: 14436: 14429: 14414: 14410: 14406: 14402: 14397: 14392: 14388: 14384: 14380: 14373: 14371: 14361: 14345: 14344: 14336: 14320: 14316: 14310: 14308: 14300: 14295: 14291: 14287: 14283: 14277: 14275: 14273: 14264: 14260: 14253: 14251: 14242: 14235: 14228: 14222: 14218: 14217: 14209: 14207: 14198: 14197: 14192: 14186: 14178: 14174: 14167: 14151: 14147: 14140: 14138: 14129: 14123: 14119: 14118: 14110: 14108: 14099: 14095: 14088: 14073: 14069: 14065: 14059: 14055: 14054: 14046: 14037: 14032: 14028: 14024: 14020: 14013: 14005: 14003:9780824803681 13999: 13995: 13994: 13989: 13988:Cœdès, George 13983: 13981: 13979: 13977: 13975: 13973: 13971: 13969: 13967: 13965: 13963: 13961: 13959: 13957: 13955: 13953: 13951: 13949: 13947: 13945: 13943: 13935: 13930: 13922: 13920:9789798451355 13916: 13912: 13905: 13903: 13894: 13892:9789004061965 13888: 13884: 13883: 13875: 13867: 13864:Wade, Geoff. 13860: 13854: 13838: 13834: 13827: 13820: 13818: 13816: 13814: 13812: 13810: 13808: 13806: 13804: 13795: 13793:9780521010320 13789: 13785: 13781: 13779: 13771: 13769: 13767: 13765: 13763: 13761: 13759: 13757: 13755: 13753: 13751: 13749: 13747: 13745: 13743: 13741: 13739: 13731: 13725: 13717: 13713: 13709: 13705: 13701: 13697: 13693: 13689: 13682: 13674: 13667: 13652: 13648: 13641: 13625: 13621: 13617: 13610: 13602: 13595: 13587: 13585:0-300-10518-5 13581: 13577: 13572: 13571: 13562: 13546: 13542: 13535: 13533: 13524: 13520: 13514: 13505: 13497: 13493: 13487: 13479: 13475: 13469: 13462: 13459:G.J. Resink, 13456: 13449: 13443: 13428: 13424: 13417: 13415: 13406: 13404:9780804721950 13400: 13396: 13389: 13387: 13385: 13383: 13381: 13379: 13377: 13375: 13373: 13371: 13369: 13367: 13365: 13363: 13361: 13352: 13348: 13342: 13340: 13338: 13336: 13320:on 5 May 2015 13316: 13309: 13308: 13300: 13298: 13296: 13289: 13284: 13276: 13274:9781136780578 13270: 13267:. Routledge. 13266: 13265: 13257: 13255: 13253: 13244: 13237: 13222: 13218: 13212: 13196: 13192: 13188: 13184: 13178: 13174: 13170: 13169: 13161: 13153: 13149: 13146:(140): 2–23. 13145: 13141: 13137: 13130: 13122: 13115: 13113: 13111: 13109: 13104: 13092: 13089:(Indonesian: 13088: 13084: 13080: 13075: 13068: 13067: 13062: 13058: 13054: 13050: 13046: 13041: 13034: 13028: 13021: 13017: 13012: 13003: 12994: 12992: 12982: 12973: 12966: 12963: 12959: 12955: 12951: 12945: 12938: 12937:Mongol forces 12932: 12924: 12918: 12908: 12901: 12897: 12893: 12889: 12885: 12881: 12880: 12873: 12864: 12855: 12848: 12847:Suma Oriental 12844: 12840: 12834: 12825: 12818: 12813: 12812: 12805: 12799: 12798: 12792: 12786: 12779: 12774: 12770: 12760: 12757: 12755: 12752: 12750: 12747: 12745: 12742: 12740: 12737: 12735: 12732: 12730: 12727: 12725: 12722: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12710: 12707: 12705: 12702: 12701: 12696: 12685: 12675: 12671: 12668:In a popular 12667: 12664: 12663: 12658: 12655: 12654: 12649: 12645: 12644: 12639: 12635: 12632: 12628: 12624: 12621: 12620: 12615: 12612: 12608: 12604: 12600: 12598: 12594: 12591: 12588: 12585: 12581: 12577: 12573: 12572: 12571:Dyah Pitaloka 12568: 12565: 12561: 12557: 12553: 12549: 12545: 12544: 12540: 12537: 12533: 12529: 12525: 12521: 12520: 12516: 12513: 12510: 12507: 12503: 12500: 12497: 12493: 12489: 12485: 12482: 12479: 12475: 12474:Tutur Tinular 12472: 12469: 12465: 12462: 12459: 12458:reincarnation 12455: 12451: 12447: 12443: 12439: 12436: 12433: 12429: 12426: 12425: 12424: 12417: 12412: 12396: 12340: 12308: 12306: 12220: 12218: 12174: 12160: 12148: 12147:Sang Sinagara 12118: 12115: 12107: 12105: 12097: 12095: 12094: 12051: 12043: 12041: 12033: 12031: 12004: 12000: 11966: 11965: 11956:Ratnapangkaja 11942: 11902: 11899: 11893: 11885: 11883: 11882: 11847: 11843: 11841: 11835: 11827: 11825: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11743: 11742: 11698: 11695: 11691: 11689: 11688: 11649: 11645: 11643: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11592: 11548: 11547: 11508: 11505: 11489: 11487: 11486: 11451: 11447: 11445: 11433: 11431: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11390: 11351: 11350: 11332: 11331: 11328:Sundarapandya 11290: 11288: 11200: 11197: 11195: 11193: 11191: 11190: 11155: 11140: 11139: 11129: 11096: 11094: 11006: 11004: 10971: 10970: 10952: 10951: 10916: 10913: 10910: 10907: 10906: 10902: 10901: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10872: 10871: 10867: 10865: 10861: 10858: 10855: 10852: 10851: 10848: 10846: 10843: 10840: 10837: 10836: 10833: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10823: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10811: 10808: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10796: 10793: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10781: 10778: 10777:Queen regnant 10775: 10772: 10771: 10768: 10766: 10762: 10757: 10753: 10751: 10748: 10745: 10742: 10739: 10738: 10735: 10731: 10730:Pasunda Bubat 10728: 10726: 10723: 10720: 10717: 10714: 10713: 10710: 10709:(1349–1350). 10708: 10707:Samudra Pasai 10704: 10698: 10696: 10693: 10691: 10687: 10686:Queen regnant 10684: 10681: 10680: 10677: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10662: 10659: 10658: 10655: 10651: 10647: 10643: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10631: 10628: 10625: 10624: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10601: 10597: 10589: 10584: 10575: 10572: 10567: 10563: 10558: 10554: 10552: 10548: 10544: 10540: 10539:Sumpah Palapa 10536: 10532: 10525: 10521: 10517: 10512: 10508: 10506: 10502: 10497: 10495: 10491: 10487: 10483: 10479: 10476:era, and the 10475: 10471: 10467: 10463: 10459: 10458: 10452: 10450: 10446: 10442: 10441: 10436: 10432: 10428: 10420: 10415: 10411: 10409: 10405: 10401: 10397: 10393: 10389: 10385: 10381: 10377: 10372: 10370: 10366: 10365:Kris of Knaud 10361: 10353: 10352:Kris of Knaud 10348: 10344: 10342: 10338: 10334: 10330: 10326: 10322: 10318: 10314: 10306: 10302: 10297: 10293: 10291: 10287: 10283: 10279: 10275: 10271: 10267: 10263: 10262: 10257: 10253: 10252: 10247: 10243: 10239: 10235: 10231: 10227: 10226: 10221: 10217: 10213: 10209: 10204: 10198: 10193: 10189: 10185: 10181: 10177: 10173: 10169: 10164: 10162: 10158: 10154: 10150: 10146: 10142: 10138: 10137:Pasunda Bubat 10134: 10130: 10121: 10117: 10114: 10113:Samudra Pasai 10110: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10089: 10085: 10081: 10070: 10065: 10063: 10058: 10056: 10051: 10050: 10048: 10047: 10044: 10034: 10033: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10013: 10010: 10009: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9994: 9987: 9986: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9949: 9942: 9941: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9925: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9915: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9905: 9901: 9899: 9896: 9895: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9885: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9875: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9865: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9855: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9845: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9835: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9825: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9815: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9805: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9795: 9791: 9789: 9788:MH17 incident 9786: 9785: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9775: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9765: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9755: 9751: 9749: 9746: 9745: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9735: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9725: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9705: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9695: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9685: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9675: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9665: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9655: 9651: 9649: 9646: 9645: 9641: 9639: 9636: 9635: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9625: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9615: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9605: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9595: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9585: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9575: 9571: 9569: 9566: 9565: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9555: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9545: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9535: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9525: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9515: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9505: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9495: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9485: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9475: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9465: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9455: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9445: 9441: 9439: 9436: 9435: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9425: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9415: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9405: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9395: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9385: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9375: 9371: 9368: 9364: 9361: 9360: 9356: 9354: 9353:Brunei revolt 9351: 9350: 9342: 9341: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9322: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9312: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9302: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9292: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9282: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9269: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9259: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9249: 9245: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9229: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9219: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9209: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9199: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9179: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9169: 9162: 9158: 9153: 9150: 9149: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9139: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9129: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9119: 9115: 9113: 9110: 9109: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9099: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9089: 9085: 9083: 9080: 9079: 9074:Modern period 9071: 9070: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9054: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9044: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9034: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9024: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9014: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9004: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8994: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8984: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8974: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8964: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8954: 8946: 8945: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8929: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8919: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8909: 8905: 8903: 8902:Malayan Union 8900: 8899: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8889: 8885: 8883: 8879: 8876: 8875: 8871: 8869: 8865: 8864:BMA of Malaya 8862: 8861: 8853: 8852: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8836: 8832: 8830: 8827: 8826: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8816: 8812: 8810: 8807: 8806: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8786: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8766: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8756: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8746: 8741: 8738: 8734: 8730: 8729: 8721: 8720: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8704: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8694: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8684: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8674: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8664: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8654: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8644: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8634: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8624: 8620: 8618: 8614: 8611: 8610: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8600: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8590: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8580: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8570: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8560: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8550: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8540: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8530: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8520: 8516: 8514: 8513:Burney Treaty 8511: 8510: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8500: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8490: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8480: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8470: 8466: 8464: 8463:Dutch Malacca 8461: 8460: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8440: 8432: 8431: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8415: 8411: 8409: 8408:Reman Kingdom 8406: 8405: 8401: 8399: 8398:Setul Kingdom 8396: 8395: 8391: 8389: 8388:Besut Kingdom 8386: 8385: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8372: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8362: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8349: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8339: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8329: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8319: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8299: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8286: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8276: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8263: 8255: 8254: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8238: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8228: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8218: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8208: 8205:424–775 8204: 8202: 8199: 8198: 8191: 8189: 8188:Gangga Negara 8186: 8185: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8175: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8165: 8161: 8159: 8158:Ancient Kedah 8156: 8155: 8147: 8146: 8136: 8134: 8128: 8127: 8123: 8117: 8116: 8112: 8106: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8099: 8095: 8094: 8090: 8088: 8087:Niah cultures 8082: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8075: 8071: 8070: 8066: 8064: 8058: 8057: 8050: 8048: 8042: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8035: 8031: 8030: 8025: 8020: 8019: 8013: 8009: 8008: 8005: 7999: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7987: 7979: 7976: 7971: 7968: 7964: 7960: 7952: 7948: 7944: 7939: 7935: 7933: 7929: 7923: 7921: 7917: 7913: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7899: 7894: 7886: 7882: 7878: 7874: 7872: 7871:Sunda kingdom 7868: 7867:Pasunda Bubat 7862: 7859: 7855: 7851: 7846: 7842: 7838: 7834: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7813: 7804: 7802: 7798: 7794: 7790: 7786: 7782: 7778: 7774: 7765: 7764: 7763: 7760: 7756: 7752: 7751:Sea of Persia 7748: 7742: 7740: 7736: 7732: 7727: 7725: 7721: 7717: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7700: 7698: 7693: 7689: 7679: 7677: 7673: 7669: 7665: 7661: 7657: 7653: 7649: 7645: 7641: 7637: 7633: 7630: 7626: 7622: 7619:in 1357, the 7618: 7615:. Before the 7614: 7610: 7606: 7602: 7599: 7595: 7591: 7587: 7581: 7572: 7567: 7558: 7553: 7544: 7539: 7530: 7524: 7522: 7521:wwang jaladhi 7506: 7497: 7486: 7477: 7468: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7442: 7428: 7414: 7400: 7398: 7394: 7390: 7386: 7382: 7377: 7375: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7362: 7357: 7355: 7351: 7347: 7343: 7342: 7337: 7333: 7327: 7325: 7324:karambalangan 7320: 7316: 7312: 7311: 7310:karambalangan 7306: 7305: 7300: 7296: 7295: 7294:siping-siping 7290: 7289: 7284: 7283: 7272: 7265: 7260: 7253: 7248: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7230: 7225: 7221: 7220:Java arquebus 7217: 7210: 7205: 7198: 7193: 7189: 7182: 7177: 7176: 7174: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7137: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7122: 7120: 7116: 7112: 7108: 7104: 7101:, which is a 7100: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7061: 7060:Javanese Nāga 7057: 7054: 7050: 7049: 7040: 7029: 7019: 7014: 7012: 7008: 7004: 7000: 6996: 6995:Suma Oriental 6992: 6991:standing army 6987: 6985: 6984:War elephants 6981: 6976: 6971: 6967: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6930: 6927: 6916: 6911: 6909: 6904: 6902: 6897: 6896: 6893: 6884: 6881: 6880: 6879:Suma Oriental 6871: 6867: 6864: 6860: 6856: 6853: 6850: 6846: 6842: 6838: 6834: 6830: 6826: 6823: 6822: 6821: 6814: 6810: 6807: 6804: 6800: 6797: 6794: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6774: 6770: 6767: 6764: 6760: 6757: 6755:Kembang Jenar 6754: 6751: 6748: 6745: 6741: 6737: 6734: 6731: 6728: 6725: 6721: 6718: 6717: 6715: 6713: 6709: 6704: 6701: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6686: 6682: 6677: 6675: 6671: 6667: 6663: 6659: 6656:), Rajapura ( 6655: 6651: 6647: 6643: 6638: 6636: 6632: 6628: 6623: 6621: 6617: 6612: 6608: 6606: 6602: 6593: 6589: 6587: 6583: 6579: 6575: 6571: 6567: 6563: 6559: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6539: 6535: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6471: 6467: 6463: 6460:). Gurun and 6459: 6455: 6451: 6446: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6432: 6428: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6387:Tanjung Kutei 6384: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6351: 6350:, and Lawas. 6349: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6322: 6318: 6314: 6310: 6309:Samudra Pasai 6306: 6302: 6298: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6285:North Sumatra 6282: 6278: 6274: 6270: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6250: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6234: 6230: 6223: 6219: 6215: 6210: 6203: 6199: 6195: 6191: 6187: 6183: 6182: 6178: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6147: 6143: 6139: 6135: 6131: 6130: 6126: 6123: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6107: 6106:Brantas River 6103: 6099: 6098: 6094: 6093: 6088: 6084: 6079: 6064: 6061: 6059:Kalinggapura 6058: 6055: 6053:Kalinggapura 6052: 6051: 6047: 6044: 6041: 6038: 6035: 6034: 6030: 6027: 6024: 6021: 6018: 6014: 6011: 6010: 6006: 6003: 6000: 5997: 5994: 5993: 5990:niece-in-law 5989: 5986: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5976: 5972: 5969: 5966: 5963: 5960: 5956: 5955: 5951: 5948: 5945: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5934: 5931: 5928: 5925: 5922: 5921: 5917: 5914: 5911: 5908: 5905: 5901: 5900: 5896: 5893: 5890: 5887: 5884: 5880: 5879: 5875: 5872: 5869: 5866: 5863: 5859: 5858: 5854: 5851: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5838: 5837: 5833: 5830: 5827: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5816: 5812: 5809: 5806: 5803: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5789: 5788: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5759: 5756: 5754:Bhre Mataram 5753: 5750: 5746: 5743: 5742: 5738: 5735: 5732: 5729: 5725: 5722: 5721: 5717: 5714: 5711: 5708: 5704: 5703: 5699: 5697:Surawardhani 5696: 5693: 5690: 5689: 5685: 5682: 5680:Bhre Kabalan 5679: 5676: 5672: 5671: 5667: 5664: 5662:Bhre Paguhan 5661: 5658: 5654: 5653: 5649: 5646: 5643: 5640: 5636: 5635: 5631: 5628: 5626:Bhre Matahun 5625: 5622: 5618: 5617: 5613: 5611:Wijayarajasa 5610: 5608:Bhre Wengker 5607: 5604: 5600: 5599: 5595: 5592: 5590:Bhre Tumapel 5589: 5586: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5574: 5571: 5568: 5564: 5563: 5560:queen mother 5559: 5556: 5553: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5539: 5538: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5514: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5494: 5491: 5488: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5461: 5458: 5454: 5450: 5446: 5443: 5440: 5439: 5435: 5434: 5433: 5432: 5431: 5425: 5420: 5411: 5409: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5392: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5356: 5353: 5350: 5347: 5344: 5340: 5337: 5334: 5331: 5330: 5329: 5328: 5327: 5318: 5315: 5311: 5310: 5304: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5285: 5281: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5253: 5248: 5247:law and order 5241:Law and order 5238: 5236: 5232: 5222: 5212: 5201: 5190: 5176: 5172: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5137: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5116: 5108: 5104: 5102: 5097: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5059: 5056: 5051: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4972: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4934: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4888: 4884: 4882: 4881: 4870: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4840: 4832: 4828: 4823: 4819: 4817: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4772: 4767: 4763: 4758: 4754: 4751:in Sidoarjo, 4750: 4746: 4742: 4741: 4736: 4724: 4721: 4718: 4714: 4713: 4710: 4709:Left to right 4701: 4692: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4668: 4651: 4642: 4631: 4622: 4613: 4611: 4610: 4605: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4590: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4577: 4572: 4562: 4552: 4543: 4533: 4523: 4519: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4495: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4474: 4469: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4450: 4444: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4425: 4416: 4411: 4401: 4399: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4370: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4352: 4346: 4345: 4339: 4335: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4324: 4319: 4318: 4311: 4309: 4305: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4283:, Tantular's 4282: 4278: 4274: 4271:also popular 4270: 4266: 4265:Bharatayuddha 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4240: 4237: 4227: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4188: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4165: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4124: 4120: 4115: 4111: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4068: 4064: 4053: 4048: 4046: 4041: 4039: 4034: 4033: 4031: 4030: 4027: 4016: 4006: 4005: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3974: 3973: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3944:Sunda Kingdom 3942: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3932: 3927: 3926: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3904: 3900: 3895: 3894: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3872: 3871: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3838: 3829: 3827: 3822: 3818: 3812: 3808: 3806: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3790: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3775: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3736: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3713: 3709: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3689: 3682: 3677: 3670: 3665: 3658: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3642:The graceful 3638: 3633: 3632: 3631: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3560: 3554: 3553:(1309–1328). 3552: 3546: 3543: 3539: 3537: 3534:, cardamoms, 3533: 3526: 3524: 3514: 3510: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3463: 3457: 3454: 3442: 3437: 3434:, and temple. 3433: 3429: 3422: 3417: 3413: 3406: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3386: 3381: 3380: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3346: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3311: 3307: 3305: 3299: 3297: 3296:Adipati Yunus 3293: 3289: 3284: 3282: 3274: 3270: 3261: 3259: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3239:Sunan Ngudung 3235: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3181: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3160: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3145: 3143: 3139: 3134: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3112: 3108: 3103: 3094: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3068: 3067: 3062: 3057: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3033: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3018: 3017:show of power 3013: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2989: 2984: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2967:eastern court 2964: 2960: 2959:western court 2956: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2921: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2905: 2903: 2899: 2888: 2886: 2881: 2880:proselytisers 2877: 2872: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2842: 2841: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2823: 2821: 2817: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2735: 2734: 2729: 2728: 2723: 2722: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2698:Sunda Kingdom 2695: 2690: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2666: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2621:Samudra Pasai 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2585:Nusa Tenggara 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2565: 2560: 2556: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2531: 2529: 2524: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2505: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2453: 2451: 2450: 2445: 2441: 2436: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2419: 2415: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2379:mounted rider 2375: 2366: 2363: 2359: 2354: 2353:as his wife. 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2309:portrayed as 2308: 2303: 2294: 2292: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2251: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2228: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2217:Mongol Empire 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2183: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2171: 2159: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2095:history. The 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2062: 2057: 2056: 2042: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2029: 2028: 2021: 2018: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1976: 1974: 1970: 1969: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1934: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1911: 1905: 1899: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1845: 1844: 1838: 1829: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1782: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1739: 1736: 1731: 1719: 1715: 1703: 1694: 1682: 1678: 1667: 1662: 1660: 1655: 1653: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1644: 1641: 1631: 1630: 1624: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1531: 1530: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1499: 1494: 1493: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1477: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1457: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1429: 1428: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1374: 1373: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1333: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1313: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1303: 1295: 1294: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1247: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1210: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1054: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1000: 998: 995: 994: 990: 988: 985: 984: 980: 978: 975: 974: 970: 968: 965: 964: 960: 958: 955: 954: 950: 948: 945: 944: 940: 938: 935: 934: 930: 928: 925: 924: 919: 914: 913: 903: 901: 898: 897: 893: 891: 888: 887: 883: 881: 878: 877: 873: 871: 868: 867: 863: 861: 858: 857: 853: 851: 848: 847: 843: 841: 840:Sunda Kingdom 838: 837: 833: 831: 828: 827: 823: 821: 818: 817: 813: 811: 808: 807: 803: 801: 798: 797: 793: 791: 788: 787: 783: 781: 778: 777: 773: 771: 768: 767: 763: 761: 758: 757: 753: 751: 750:Kutai Kingdom 748: 747: 742: 737: 736: 726: 724: 721: 720: 716: 714: 711: 710: 707: 705: 704: 700: 699: 695: 693: 690: 689: 685: 683: 680: 679: 676: 674: 673: 669: 668: 663: 658: 657: 654: 651: 650: 646: 642: 641: 638: 632: 631: 626: 621: 620: 613: 609: 605: 603: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 547: 545: 543:Today part of 541: 525: 523: 520: 519: 516: 510: 507: 500: 499: 496: 495: 492: 489: 487: 484: 483: 479: 474: 471: 468: 467: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 444: 440: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 415: 412: 400: 397: 394: 382: 379:Suraprabhāva) 378: 374: 371: 365: 362:Sūryavikrama) 361: 357: 354: 348: 344: 340: 336: 333: 327: 323: 320:(Kṛtavijaya, 319: 316: 310: 307: 304: 298: 294: 290: 286: 283: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 258:Hayam Wuruk, 257: 253: 250: 244: 240: 236: 233: 227: 223: 220: 214: 210: 206: 203: 197: 193: 189: 187: 183: 180: 176: 175:Mandala state 173: 169: 164: 161: 158: 155: 152: 148: 145: 143: 140: 137: 133: 130: 129: 128: 124: 119: 116: 114: 111: 110: 109: 105: 101: 97: 94: 90: 85: 84: 77: 72: 66: 65: 57: 50: 45: 41: 36: 22: 19: 21393:Family trees 21338:Hindu states 21073:Tao-Klarjeti 20887:Muhammad Ali 20560:Khmer Varman 20466: 20205:Contemporary 20055:Indo-Persian 20043:Nazi Germany 19987:Contemporary 19889:Vijayanagara 19788:Great Seljuk 19699:Thessalonica 19627:Golden Horde 19606: 19267:Carthaginian 19046:Neo-Assyrian 19031:Neo-Sumerian 18903:Dependencies 18833:Turkmenistan 18798:Saudi Arabia 18500:South Maluku 18041:Tarumanagara 18000: 17904: 17854: 17843:, retrieved 17838: 17818: 17799: 17780: 17761: 17742: 17733: 17714: 17705: 17696: 17677: 17659: 17652:Bibliography 17639: 17630: 17622:the original 17612: 17604:the original 17594: 17582:. 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Retrieved 16404: 16384:Nugroho 2011 16379: 16372:Nugroho 2011 16367: 16360:Nugroho 2011 16355: 16348:Nugroho 2011 16343: 16324: 16318: 16311:Nugroho 2011 16306: 16298: 16293: 16285: 16280: 16270: 16263: 16254: 16246: 16241: 16230: 16226: 16221: 16201: 16194: 16169: 16165: 16144: 16127: 16121: 16101: 16094: 16086: 16081: 16073: 16068: 16061:Nugroho 2011 16056: 16049:hlm. 118-119 16042: 16037: 16006: 15999: 15990: 15984: 15965: 15956: 15948: 15942: 15924: 15917: 15898: 15892: 15883: 15845: 15840: 15833:Nugroho 2011 15828: 15809: 15803: 15794: 15766: 15760: 15748:. Retrieved 15741:the original 15730: 15718:. Retrieved 15714: 15705: 15670: 15666: 15656: 15636: 15629: 15617:. Retrieved 15612: 15588: 15581:Nugroho 2011 15576: 15569:Nugroho 2011 15564: 15555: 15547:the original 15537: 15520: 15516: 15506: 15486: 15457: 15441:Nugroho 2011 15436: 15424:. Retrieved 15420: 15410: 15400:30 September 15398:. Retrieved 15394: 15372: 15352: 15345: 15336: 15326: 15306: 15282:. 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Retrieved 13832: 13776: 13729: 13728:C. C. Berg. 13724: 13694:(1): 91–99. 13691: 13687: 13681: 13672: 13666: 13654:. Retrieved 13650: 13640: 13628:. Retrieved 13624:the original 13619: 13609: 13600: 13594: 13569: 13561: 13549:. Retrieved 13545:the original 13522: 13513: 13504: 13495: 13486: 13477: 13468: 13460: 13455: 13447: 13442: 13430:. Retrieved 13426: 13394: 13350: 13322:. Retrieved 13315:the original 13306: 13283: 13263: 13242: 13236: 13224:. Retrieved 13220: 13211: 13199:. 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Tamiyang ( 6247:in Jambi or 6227: 6180: 6179: 6153: 6137: 6134:Negara Agung 6133: 6128: 6127: 6122:Negara Agung 6121: 6118:Hujung Galuh 6110:Pananggungan 6097:Negara Agung 6096: 6095: 6081: 6056: 6039: 6022: 5998: 5981: 5964: 5946:Tanjungpura 5943: 5940:Tanjungpura 5926: 5909: 5888: 5867: 5846: 5825: 5804: 5765: 5733:Bhre Pajang 5707:Central Java 5515: 5510: 5506: 5502: 5500: 5492: 5486: 5482: 5476: 5472: 5466: 5462: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5436: 5429: 5423: 5399: 5395: 5393: 5388: 5387:priest) and 5380: 5372: 5368: 5364: 5362: 5354: 5348: 5338: 5332: 5324: 5307: 5305: 5288: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5265: 5261:Rajasanagara 5256: 5250: 5244: 5235:chakravartin 5228: 5173: 5145:Ming dynasty 5135: 5132: 5117: 5113: 5100: 5095: 5079: 5031: 5027: 5024:Mang-chi-shi 5023: 5015: 5011: 4999: 4996:mang-chi-shi 4995: 4973: 4928: 4892: 4890: 4886: 4878: 4876: 4862: 4855:step pyramid 4836: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4798:candi bentar 4797: 4794:candi bentar 4793: 4789:candi bentar 4787: 4781: 4777: 4775: 4738: 4732: 4708: 4663: 4607: 4601: 4595: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4574: 4570: 4569:In his book 4568: 4526:Architecture 4520: 4511: 4499: 4496: 4477: 4445: 4437:Balinese art 4421: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4355: 4350: 4342: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4312: 4307: 4303: 4301:Old Javanese 4276: 4273:Panji cycles 4267:, Panuluh's 4257:Arjunawiwaha 4242: 4233: 4224:Kadewaguruan 4223: 4218:is led by a 4216:Kadewaguruan 4215: 4212:Kadewaguruan 4211: 4208:Kadewaguruan 4207: 4203: 4189: 4185:Mpu Tantular 4168: 4166: 4127: 4094: 4085: 4072: 3963: 3939:Tarumanagara 3813: 3810: 3802: 3794: 3791: 3778: 3776: 3743: 3740:Tang dynasty 3737: 3729:coconut milk 3719:mixed with, 3714: 3710: 3697: 3694: 3643: 3619: 3615: 3612:Man-che-po-I 3611: 3607: 3600:Su-pa-erh-ya 3599: 3591: 3579: 3571: 3557: 3555: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3528: 3519: 3459: 3450: 3427: 3412:Friar Odoric 3372:dependencies 3353:The capital 3352: 3312: 3308: 3300: 3285: 3278: 3255: 3236: 3223: 3215: 3211: 3209: 3193:Malay Annals 3182: 3166: 3153:Bhre Pamotan 3146: 3135: 3130: 3115: 3097:Queen Suhita 3071: 3064: 3058: 3034: 3026:Indian Ocean 3014: 2994: 2952: 2922: 2918:Ming dynasty 2906: 2894: 2884: 2878:traders and 2873: 2856: 2846: 2838: 2816:Adityawarman 2807:Ming dynasty 2792: 2755: 2753: 2731: 2725: 2719: 2715:Kidung Sunda 2713: 2694:Citra Rashmi 2691: 2686: 2673: 2668: 2664: 2661: 2562: 2553: 2521: 2517:Bali Kingdom 2506: 2490:Dyah Gitarja 2486:Buddhist nun 2483: 2447: 2443: 2437: 2427: 2423: 2420: 2416: 2410: 2400: 2355: 2327:Raden Wijaya 2324: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2270:Raden Wijaya 2261: 2255: 2194: 2175: 2169: 2155: 2140:Ming dynasty 2133: 2109: 2096: 2085:Mpu Prapanca 2074:Old Javanese 2069: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2051: 2037: 2025: 2022: 2017:Old Javanese 2013: 2010:Inscriptions 1999:British Java 1987: 1965: 1962:Old Javanese 1957: 1953: 1948: 1946: 1941: 1938:Raden Wijaya 1931: 1919: 1915: 1914:'bitter 1884: 1878: 1874: 1863: 1855: 1851: 1849: 1841: 1826: 1780: 1770:and her son 1713: 1676: 1675: 1622: 1581:Christianity 899: 830:Bali Kingdom 723:Buni culture 701: 686:1,000,000 BP 670: 599: 491:Succeeded by 490: 485: 376: 359: 342: 338: 321: 292: 288: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 252:Rājasanagara 238: 208: 150: 113:Old Javanese 82: 39: 18: 21268:Family tree 21233:Trpimirović 21000:Netherlands 19793:Khwarezmian 19726:Carolingian 19531:Rashtrakuta 19235:Shaishunaga 19134:Hellenistic 19117:New Kingdom 19107:Old Kingdom 18962:Asia portal 18863:States with 18783:Philippines 18723:South Korea 18718:North Korea 18613:Afghanistan 18508: [ 18491: [ 18488:Negeri Soya 18474: [ 18314:Tanjungpura 18294:Negara Daha 18289:Negara Dipa 18227:Riau-Lingga 18126:Dharmasraya 17836:Sabrizain, 17584:14 February 17548:. pp. 17521:17 November 17407:13 November 16997:, 5.4: 47: 16746:. Ashgate. 16172:: 233–268. 15619:21 November 15523:: 113–134. 15284:19 November 14930:20 February 14828:pp. 118-119 14561:John Miksic 14460:20 February 14418:20 February 14350:20 February 14325:20 February 14191:Yule, Henry 14098:Merdeka.com 13087:dress shirt 12811:Deśavarṇana 12797:Deśavarṇana 12550:written by 12478:martial art 12442:comic strip 12432:Sanusi Pane 11954:Parameswara 11753:♀ Bhre Daha 11136:Kertarajasa 10948:Dharmasraya 10896:Family tree 10828:Interregnum 10765:Pagarruyung 10719:Hayam Wuruk 10646:Kublai Khan 10524:Palapa oath 10518:, Jakarta. 10388:Raden Patah 10369:Taming Sari 10172:Sri Tanjung 10012:George Town 9967:Immigration 9007:Konfrontasi 8162:<100 BCE 8067:235,000 BCE 8034:Paleolithic 8001:History of 7902:Pagarruyung 7898:Minangkabau 7854:Kertanegara 7843:states and 7724:cartography 7372:(海国广记) and 7134:Bhayangkara 7126:Bhayangkara 6849:Mansur Shah 6845:Mansur Shah 6784:Tanjungpura 6570:Kai Islands 6470:Sape Strait 6425:, Tumasik ( 6365:), Barune ( 6261:Minangkabau 6257:Dharmasraya 6222:Philippines 6158:Dharmasraya 6154:mancanegara 6129:Mancanegara 6001:Singhapura 5995:Singhapura 5902:Wirabhumi ( 5712:Bhre Lasem 5637:Wirabhumi ( 5455:(lord), or 5424:Mancanagara 5231:Hayam Wuruk 5120:cultivation 4988:pomegranate 4949:guinea fowl 4933:cantharides 4827:split gates 4771:Jawi temple 4522:figurines. 4492:piggy banks 4424:Pala Empire 4388:Chiao-chang 4293:Sri Tanjung 4261:Smaradahana 4194:nobles and 4169:Siwa Buddha 4123:Kalmasapada 4082:Vaishnavism 4067:Jawi Temple 3704:'s horn or 3475:Banjarmasin 3281:Raden Patah 3243:Sunan Kudus 3212:sinengkalan 3149:Kertawijaya 2933:Parameswara 2820:Minangkabau 2748:Kertanegara 2555:Hayam Wuruk 2523:Ibn Battuta 2498:Palapa oath 2479:Hayam Wuruk 2449:Babad Dalem 2411:Bhayangkara 2385:, within a 2347:Dharmasraya 2307:Kertarajasa 2258:Jayakatwang 2209:Kublai Khan 2176:Ming shi-lu 2123:Damar Wulan 2099:focuses on 2089:Hayam Wuruk 2081:Hayam Wuruk 2066:Deśavarṇana 2055:Deśavarṇana 1966:yava-dvīpa- 1868:orientalist 1818:Philippines 1814:Timor Leste 1808:, southern 1781:Deśavarṇana 1772:Hayam Wuruk 1764: 1527 1685:ꦩꦺꦴꦗꦺꦴꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀ 1546:Archaeology 1541:Agriculture 947:Aru Kingdom 672:Paleolithic 634:History of 580:Philippines 575:Timor Leste 486:Preceded by 408: 1513 390: 1486 295:Gagak Sali) 177:ruled by a 83:Deśavarṇana 30:ꦩꦺꦴꦗꦺꦴꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀ 21312:Categories 21273:Ahnentafel 21198:simplified 21052:Von Graben 20943:simplified 20812:Terengganu 20701:simplified 20645:Achaemenid 20363:Portuguese 20244:Revival Le 20234:Vietnamese 19877:Later Tran 19847:Vietnamese 19743:Singhasari 19731:Holy Roman 19355:Bulgarian 19291:Satavahana 19262:Phoenician 19198:Achaemenid 19159:Indo-Greek 19139:Macedonian 19053:Babylonian 18843:Uzbekistan 18818:Tajikistan 18733:Kyrgyzstan 18713:Kazakhstan 18633:Bangladesh 18623:Azerbaijan 18505:Tanah Hitu 18410:West Timor 18256:Kalimantan 18222:Pagaruyung 18097:Yogyakarta 18072:Kalinyamat 18026:Singhasari 18021:Shailendra 17966:Blambangan 17433:14 October 17354:Ahmad 1979 17326:Sindo News 15517:T'oung Pao 15458:Java Style 15426:19 October 15278:KOMPAS.com 15189:: 95–118. 14702:(1): 1–28. 14574:9813018267 14296:, 3: 98: " 14077:20 October 13846:5 November 13630:18 October 13432:5 February 13351:Britannica 13100:References 13061:parampogan 12744:Tenggerese 12674:Bill Wurtz 12648:Gajah Mada 12616:Later, in 12603:Gajah Mada 12562:up to the 12556:Gajah Mada 12543:Gajah Mada 12522:(2004), a 12484:Wali Songo 12464:Saur Sepuh 12339:Ranawijaya 11964:Sri Suhita 11952:Bhre Hyang 11361:Cakradhara 11128:Indreswari 10967:Singhasari 10873:1474–1498 10853:1466–1474 10838:1456–1466 10824:1453–1456 10809:1451–1453 10794:1447–1451 10773:1429–1447 10740:1389–1429 10715:1350–1389 10682:1328–1350 10665:Jayanagara 10660:1309–1328 10626:1293–1309 10596:Singhasari 10562:Jero Wacik 10543:Gajah Mada 10290:Yogyakarta 10242:terracotta 10176:Damarwulan 10161:Brunei Bay 9658:Sauk Siege 9325:Green Wave 8799:Sook Ching 8573:Larut Wars 8523:Naning War 8346:1516– 1902 8221:Old Pahang 8178:Langkasuka 8113:16,000 BCE 8074:Mesolithic 7850:Singhasari 7795:, Cambay ( 7777:Tenasserim 7636:malangbang 7613:deadweight 7397:Greek fire 7304:waju rante 7271:Candi Jago 7169:parampukan 7147:chain mail 7132:noted the 7083:Gajah Mada 6948:Regreg War 6813:Blambangan 6793:Singhasari 6779:Singhapura 6763:Bojonegoro 6662:Singhapuri 6601:suzerainty 6399:Langkasuka 6381:, Sawaku, 6377:), Pasir, 6293:Mandailing 6214:gold image 6162:Pagaruyung 5959:Bojonegoro 5912:Wirabhumi 5904:Blambangan 5883:Bojonegoro 5841:Singhasari 5807:Kahuripan 5776:Provinces 5749:Yogyakarta 5675:Bojonegoro 5639:Blambangan 5621:Bojonegoro 5585:Singhasari 5572:Bhre Daha 5526:Provinces 5408:Regreg war 5301:pawnbroker 5163:, Burmese 5161:Ayutthayan 5159:, Siamese 5124:irrigation 5058:piggy bank 5055:terracotta 5053:Majapahit 5008:watermelon 5004:mangosteen 4963:, cattle, 4921:sandalwood 4913:sapan wood 4851:Mount Lawu 4841:, such as 4807:kori agung 4778:kori agung 4745:palm sugar 4678:, the red 4508:Indonesian 4484:terracotta 4297:Damarwulan 4269:Hariwangsa 4263:, Sedah's 4230:Literature 4173:syncretism 4158:Gajah Mada 3959:Singhasari 3867:Variations 3821:greyhounds 3805:Tomé Pires 3698:pu-la-t'ou 3616:pu-la-t'ou 3592:Ko-erh-hsi 3551:Jayanegara 3323:Blambangan 3292:Portuguese 3220:chronogram 3163:The divide 3142:Blambangan 3138:Damarwulan 2955:Regreg War 2949:Regreg War 2943:Regreg War 2853:Kalimantan 2764:New Guinea 2685:poetry as 2652:Gajah Mada 2644:terracotta 2629:malangbang 2593:New Guinea 2559:Gajah Mada 2509:Gajah Mada 2494:Gajah Mada 2456:Golden age 2428:Kala Gemet 2407:Gajah Mada 2403:Jayanegara 2369:Jayanegara 2358:Ranggalawe 2351:Dara Petak 2264:(Duke) of 2205:Singhasari 2180:Regreg War 2105:Singhasari 2093:Singhasari 1958:bhūmi Jawa 1904:vilvatikta 1893:विल्वतिक्त 1885:Wilwatikta 1866:". German 1790:New Guinea 1776:Gajah Mada 1768:Tribhuvana 1747:empire in 1722:ꦮꦶꦭ꧀ꦮꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦠ 1714:Wilwatikta 1603:Mass media 1480:Reform era 1460:Transition 1306:Portuguese 692:Flores Man 662:Prehistory 509:Singhasari 274:Janeśvara) 205:Kṛtarājasa 171:Government 147:asceticism 21318:Majapahit 21238:Frankopan 21184:Monarchs 20928:De Graeff 20923:Branković 20903:Bagratuni 20602:Sri Lanka 20587:Jerusalem 20356:Couronian 19994:Ethiopian 19982:Manchukuo 19937:Brazilian 19783:Ghaznavid 19753:Srivijaya 19704:Trebizond 19689:Byzantine 19671:North Sea 19666:Norwegian 19654:Almoravid 19637:Ilkhanate 19607:Majapahit 19580:Muromachi 19489:Solomonic 19474:Ethiopian 19388:Caliphate 19321:Aragonese 19149:Ptolemaic 18929:Hong Kong 18883:Palestine 18808:Sri Lanka 18803:Singapore 18683:Indonesia 18390:Larantuka 18299:Pontianak 18217:Palembang 18161:Srivijaya 18151:Samaskuta 18092:Surakarta 18031:Srivijaya 18001:Majapahit 17986:Kahuripan 17845:4 October 17495:6 October 17402:ThoughtCo 17385:Holt 1967 17145:0104-5970 17050:14 August 16981:162220129 16918:247335671 16799:164528855 16791:0044-8613 16468:: p. 178. 16410:14 August 16186:191565174 15750:4 October 15689:0006-2294 15613:kompas.id 15421:Storymaps 15259:0217-7811 14743:Sabrizain 14413:244856970 14405:2656-1026 14072:318053182 13716:163139226 13476:(2005) . 13226:9 January 13201:5 October 13191:646857823 13136:Pararaton 12843:Pararaton 12739:Srivijaya 12590:Jung Jawa 12580:Bubat War 12564:Bubat War 12548:pentalogy 12532:Hang Tuah 12524:Malaysian 12468:Pajajaran 12454:criticism 11939:Parakrama 11154:Rajapatni 10756:Singapura 10505:New Order 10486:Airlangga 10478:Panataran 10470:Prambanan 10400:genealogy 10337:Pararaton 10317:Airlangga 10286:Kota Gede 10261:paduraksa 10246:red brick 10236:also the 10228:) in the 10153:Singapura 10141:Sundanese 10133:West Java 10100:folklores 9990:By region 9892:2021–2022 9802:2014–2015 9702:2006–2007 9642:1998–1999 9508:Dawn Raid 9422:1969–2002 9392:1967–2009 9357:1962–1966 9345:Incidents 9319:2021–2023 9309:2020–2022 9299:2020–2022 9256:2009–2010 9246:1998–2022 9236:1997–1998 9206:1987–1988 9146:1979–2008 9116:1971–1990 9096:1969–1971 9061:1968–1989 9041:1963–1965 9011:1963–1966 8991:1962–1990 8981:1960–2012 8926:1948–1960 8916:1948–1963 8906:1946–1948 8896:1946–1963 8886:1946–1963 8872:1945–1946 8843:1943–1944 8833:1943–1945 8823:1942–1945 8763:1941–1942 8753:1941–1942 8743:1941–1945 8691:1909–1946 8671:1895–1946 8661:1894–1905 8651:1891–1895 8641:1882–1946 8621:1874–1946 8607:1875–1876 8603:Perak War 8587:1867–1874 8583:Klang War 8577:1861–1874 8567:1857–1863 8557:1848–1946 8537:1841–1946 8527:1831–1832 8497:1821–1826 8487:1786–1946 8477:1770–1881 8467:1641–1824 8457:1601–1661 8447:1511–1641 8422:1839–1864 8412:1810–1902 8402:1808–1916 8392:1780–1899 8369:1599–1641 8336:1496–1903 8326:1470–1623 8316:1450–1899 8306:1402–1511 8283:1267–1521 8241:Majapahit 8231:Srivijaya 8211:Old Kedah 8098:Neolithic 7833:Srivijaya 7825:Singapura 7817:Singapore 7801:Kozhikode 7716:compasses 7708:astronomy 7676:Borobudur 7668:outrigger 7389:spingarde 7244:East Java 7157:astengger 7115:case shot 7111:grapeshot 7079:Mahapatih 7071:Gunpowder 6876:The book 6859:Palembang 6833:Pontianak 6825:Indragiri 6809:Wirabhumi 6773:Surakarta 6742:, modern 6736:Kahuripan 6681:Karnataka 6642:Ayutthaya 6631:Srivijaya 6620:Nusantara 6572:, Wanin ( 6560:island), 6536:, Kunir, 6492:island). 6441:, Jerai ( 6431:Singapore 6407:Trengganu 6315:, Batan ( 6301:Peureulak 6283:(coastal 6279:, Kampe, 6253:Lake Toba 6251:areas by 6241:Palembang 6181:Nusantara 6170:Palembang 6048:grandson 6017:Surakarta 5929:Jagaraga 5923:Jagaraga 5897:grandson 5791:Kahuripan 5728:Surakarta 5691:Pawanuan 5686:daughter 5541:Kahuripan 5511:Bhatara i 5493:Kabuyutan 5343:ministers 5289:Astadusta 5280:Astadusta 5276:Astadusta 5066:East Java 5028:Lang-ch'a 5012:lang Ch'a 4984:sugarcane 4880:Daoyi Zhi 4811:paduraksa 4803:paduraksa 4783:paduraksa 4762:Penataran 4733:Although 4717:Paduraksa 4676:sandstone 4598:nipa palm 4561:Panataran 4449:tribhanga 4429:Sailendra 4192:kshatriya 4108:shamanism 3964:Majapahit 3760:bracelets 3756:kolintang 3744:senterewe 3717:betel nut 3588:Guangdong 3530:camphor, 3499:Sri Lanka 3483:Black Sea 3456:Mattiussi 3392:red brick 3319:Panarukan 3131:Pararaton 3050:Srivijaya 3046:Palembang 3038:Indragiri 3022:Sri Lanka 2939:in 1400. 2902:Wirabhumi 2811:Srivijaya 2799:Palembang 2784:east Java 2780:legendary 2727:Pararaton 2669:punokawan 2587:islands, 2544:Nusantara 2444:Pararaton 2424:Pararaton 2335:Shaka era 2325:In 1293, 2278:Majapahit 2227:in 1293. 2197:defeating 2191:Formation 2097:Pararaton 2061:Pararaton 2027:Pararaton 1954:Majapahit 1949:Majapahit 1933:Pararaton 1928:Mojokerto 1898:romanized 1852:Majapahit 1850:The name 1832:Etymology 1798:Singapore 1794:Indonesia 1757:Indonesia 1733:), was a 1693:Måjåpahit 1677:Majapahit 1561:Education 1470:New Order 1238:1670–1950 1228:1515–1904 814:600s–900s 804:600s–1025 794:600s–1347 784:500s–600s 774:400s-500s 764:400s–500s 717:75,000 BP 703:Neolithic 636:Indonesia 555:Singapore 550:Indonesia 451:takeover 345:Sinagara) 126:Religion 100:Mojokerto 47:1292–1527 40:Måjåpahit 25:Majapahit 21261:See also 21205:Scotland 21152:Monarchs 21027:Portugal 20995:Nemanjić 20970:Habsburg 20965:Flanders 20807:Selangor 20782:Kelantan 20767:Monarchs 20760:Malaysia 20660:Bavandid 20655:Sasanian 20650:Arsacids 20607:Thailand 20572:Fujiwara 20555:Cambodia 20524:Thomsons 20505:Americas 20336:Japanese 20299:Scottish 20279:American 20271:Colonial 20200:Imperial 20168:Moroccan 20104:Japanese 20082:Afsharid 19941:Burmese 19927:Austrian 19882:Later Le 19857:Early Le 19842:Venetian 19768:Tiwanaku 19681:Hellenic 19644:Moroccan 19575:Kamakura 19565:Japanese 19548:Saffarid 19501:Georgian 19415:Chalukya 19393:Rashidun 19383:Calakmul 19351:Bruneian 19230:Haryanka 19208:Sasanian 19203:Parthian 19154:Bactrian 19144:Seleucid 19124:Goguryeo 19102:Egyptian 19036:Assyrian 19026:Akkadian 19017:Colonies 18952:Category 18873:Abkhazia 18823:Thailand 18778:Pakistan 18758:Mongolia 18753:Maldives 18748:Malaysia 18648:Cambodia 18555:Salawati 18428:Amanuban 18423:Amanatun 18324:Sulawesi 18274:Bulungan 18156:Sanfotsi 17991:Kalingga 17981:Janggala 17892:Archived 17211:8 August 16973:20070359 16773:Archipel 16725:Pandanus 15964:(2013). 15853:Archived 15720:15 March 15697:27863183 15183:Archipel 14948:(1967). 14676:15 March 14667:Archived 14454:tirto.id 14263:Tirto.id 14150:tirto.id 13990:(1968). 13837:Archived 13521:(1896). 13494:(1979). 13173:ABC-CLIO 13053:ngrampog 12958:Javanese 12950:Balinese 12926:Mataram. 12828:cited in 12791:Sanskrit 12681:See also 12601:, where 12538:admiral. 12536:Malaccan 12344:fl. 1478 11941:wardhana 11741:wardhana 10882:Trowulan 10860:Trowulan 10845:Trowulan 10816:Trowulan 10801:Trowulan 10786:Trowulan 10767:(1409). 10758:(1398). 10750:Trowulan 10732:(1357). 10725:Trowulan 10695:Trowulan 10670:Trowulan 10644:sent by 10636:Trowulan 10618:Capital 10615:Monarch 10408:Balinese 10396:Wirasaba 10333:Sutasoma 10188:ketoprak 10145:Javanese 10088:Denpasar 9977:Military 9962:Economic 9945:By topic 8977:ISA 1960 8225:449–1454 8003:Malaysia 7992:a series 7990:Part of 7967:Zheng He 7947:Ashikaga 7858:Pamalayu 7845:Javanese 7779:, Pegu ( 7749:and the 7739:Americas 7697:Tasmania 7664:penjajap 7660:lancaran 7656:tongkang 7648:jongkong 7625:Java Sea 7393:schioppi 7346:Javanese 7332:pole gun 7007:Makassar 6975:Chariots 6966:prajurit 6953:Pamalayu 6887:Military 6831:(now in 6803:Ponorogo 6744:Surabaya 6740:Janggala 6729:Jagaraga 6666:Cambodia 6650:Martaban 6576:, today 6526:Makassar 6510:Bantayan 6466:Taliwang 6454:Lo Gajah 6450:Badahulu 6429:, where 6403:Kelantan 6383:Tabalung 6371:Seludong 6336:Katingan 6198:Sulawesi 6144:island, 6102:Trowulan 5967:Kabalan 5891:Matahun 5870:Wengker 5862:Ponorogo 5849:Tumapel 5799:Sidoarjo 5797:, today 5795:Janggala 5603:Ponorogo 5549:Sidoarjo 5547:, today 5545:Janggala 5385:Shivaist 5165:Martaban 5157:Cambodia 5149:Đại Việt 5141:Surabaya 5101:celengan 5092:currency 5087:Sidoarjo 5062:Trowulan 5020:lanzones 4931:pepper, 4917:diamonds 4891:Also in 4859:pyramids 4672:andesite 4504:Javanese 4500:celengan 4488:Trowulan 4304:kakawins 4285:Sutasoma 4236:Javanese 4220:mahāresi 4196:brahmana 4181:Sutasoma 4177:ascetics 4146:Harihara 4119:Sutasoma 4100:Buddhism 4096:Hinduism 4078:Shaivism 4074:Buddhism 4017:• 3842:a series 3840:Part of 3833:Religion 3817:harriers 3628:elephant 3608:Chang-ku 3604:Surabaya 3564:Zheng He 3507:silkroad 3491:Calcutta 3432:ramparts 3396:Trowulan 3376:autonomy 3355:Trowulan 3315:Pasuruan 3126:Kelantan 3122:Kelantan 3079:Semarang 3005:Zheng He 2965:and the 2865:Cambodia 2774:and the 2597:Mindanao 2581:Sulawesi 2528:Tawalisi 2440:regicide 2409:and his 2343:Sumatran 2311:Harihara 2144:Zheng He 2101:Ken Arok 2072:) is an 1991:Trowulan 1973:Sanskrit 1924:Trowulan 1889:Sanskrit 1860:Javanese 1856:Mojopait 1810:Thailand 1802:Malaysia 1742:Buddhist 1735:Javanese 1718:Javanese 1681:Javanese 1608:Military 1586:Hinduism 1576:Buddhism 1571:Religion 1551:Currency 1534:By topic 754:350–1605 682:Java Man 653:Timeline 625:a series 623:Part of 570:Thailand 560:Malaysia 464:Currency 324:Tumapel) 291:Viśeṣa, 241:Gitārjā) 186:Maharaja 179:Maharaja 151:karesyan 142:Buddhism 136:Shaivism 132:Hinduism 118:Sanskrit 96:Trowulan 35:Javanese 21248:Zrinski 21226:Croatia 21188:England 21178:Britain 21167:Navarre 21162:Castile 21129:Severan 21093:Imereti 21088:Kakheti 21061:Georgia 20975:Hungary 20955:Germany 20948:Bourbon 20933:Denmark 20918:Bohemia 20913:Belgium 20719:Ancient 20696:Ottoman 20675:Pahlavi 20665:Safavid 20624:Vietnam 20612:Timurid 20577:Göktürk 20403:largest 20398:Empires 20378:Swedish 20373:Spanish 20368:Russian 20331:Italian 20306:Chinese 20294:English 20289:British 20284:Belgian 20259:Vietnam 20249:Tay son 20195:Tsarist 20190:Russian 20185:Ottoman 20151:Dzungar 20146:Khoshut 20119:Mexican 20114:Maratha 20097:Pahlavi 20077:Safavid 20072:Iranian 19999:Haitian 19962:Chinese 19922:Ashanti 19894:Wagadou 19820:Eastern 19815:Western 19798:Timurid 19758:Tibetan 19748:Songhai 19738:Serbian 19659:Almohad 19649:Idrisid 19553:Samanid 19543:Tahirid 19538:Iranian 19516:Kannauj 19496:Genoese 19432:Chinese 19425:Eastern 19420:Western 19408:Fatimid 19403:Abbasid 19398:Umayyad 19371:Burmese 19331:Ayyubid 19326:Angevin 19296:Xianbei 19284:Eastern 19279:Western 19225:Magadha 19188:Iranian 19181:Xiongnu 19166:Hittite 19075:Chinese 19063:Kassite 19012:Ancient 19004:Empires 18848:Vietnam 18763:Myanmar 18743:Lebanon 18673:Georgia 18628:Bahrain 18618:Armenia 18550:Kaimana 18527:Jailolo 18517:Ternate 18471:Huamual 18466:Honimoa 18433:Amarasi 18357:Banggai 18309:Sarawak 18237:Serdang 18212:Malacca 18207:Langkat 18170:Islamic 18131:Kantoli 18111:Sumatra 18077:Mataram 18062:Cirebon 18050:Islamic 18016:Sanjaya 18006:Mataram 17641:YouTube 17464:30 July 17185:11 June 14878:8 April 14683:Alt URL 14299:kelulus 14156:29 July 13853:Alt URL 13708:2050416 13656:8 April 12837:Mainly 12817:hikayat 12670:YouTube 12636:On the 12171:Sri Adi 11739:Wikrama 11152:Gayatri 10969:Kingdom 10950:Kingdom 10551:Suharto 10492:riding 10474:Mataram 10431:Sukarno 10384:Mataram 10321:history 10305:pendopo 10278:Cirebon 10266:pendopo 10225:pendopo 10220:gamelan 10024:Sarawak 9331:present 9278:present 9165:present 9157:Spratly 8882:Sarawak 8381:present 8358:present 8295:present 8272:present 8201:Pan Pan 7965:led by 7932:Malacca 7916:Tumasik 7821:Tumasik 7797:Khambat 7793:Malabar 7789:Pulicat 7755:Chinese 7747:Red Sea 7720:magnets 7652:cerucuh 7640:kelulus 7385:rentaka 7366:Fei Xin 7350:Islamic 7240:Nganjuk 7236:cuirass 7216:Jiaozhi 7091:cetbang 7053:cetbang 6841:Malacca 6829:Siantan 6811:(today 6801:(today 6799:Wengker 6789:Tumapel 6771:(today 6761:(today 6759:Matahun 6732:Kabalan 6670:kachaya 6658:Rajpuri 6627:mandala 6605:mandala 6542:Selayar 6534:Banggai 6427:Temasek 6363:Sarawak 6321:Lampung 6255:), and 6233:Sumatra 6174:Sumatra 6166:Lampung 6042:Keling 6036:Keling 6025:Pajang 6015:(today 5782:Rulers 5779:Titles 5747:(today 5745:Mataram 5739:sister 5726:(today 5718:cousin 5596:father 5532:Rulers 5529:Titles 5074:Jakarta 5016:langsat 5000:manggis 4980:coconut 4976:bananas 4953:peacock 4941:turtles 4925:incense 4905:lentils 4873:Economy 4441:Kamasan 4308:Rakawis 4244:kakawin 4204:Mandala 3826:jennets 3752:gamelan 3572:Chao-Wa 3568:Ma Huan 3536:nutmegs 3503:Nicobar 3467:Sumatra 3453:Italian 3428:kampung 3367:tribute 3349:Culture 3343:Tengger 3061:Ma Huan 3003:led by 2999:armada 2969:led by 2961:led by 2929:Tumasik 2891:Decline 2831:cetbang 2772:Sumatra 2760:mandala 2706:suicide 2702:consort 2700:as his 2633:kelulus 2609:Visayas 2569:Sumatra 2471:Parvati 2331:Kartika 2291:monsoon 2262:Adipati 2215:of the 2186:History 2170:chao-wa 2152:Ma Huan 2001:of the 1968:maṇḍala 1912: 1900:: 1786:Sumatra 1596:Judaism 1556:Economy 1521:Bandung 1506:Jakarta 1498:Regions 1336:British 1316:Spanish 770:Kantoli 727:400 BCE 447:• 424:History 403:• 385:• 289:bhaṭāra 266:Tetep, 260:bhaṭāra 163:Animism 92:Capital 21157:Aragon 21083:Kartli 21068:Iberia 21047:Sweden 21042:Sicily 21037:Serbia 21032:Russia 21022:Poland 21012:Norway 20990:Naples 20985:Monaco 20980:Medici 20960:Greece 20938:France 20908:Balšić 20896:Europe 20802:Perlis 20792:Pahang 20741:Middle 20684:Turkey 20550:Busaid 20540:Brunei 20512:Mexico 20341:Mongol 20326:German 20321:French 20311:Danish 20254:Dainam 20229:Tongan 20217:Somali 20212:Sokoto 20178:'Alawi 20156:Kalmyk 20136:Mongol 20129:Second 20109:Korean 20060:Mughal 20050:Indian 20033:German 20026:Second 20016:French 20009:Second 19945:Second 19917:Afghan 19909:Modern 19835:Kyrgyz 19830:Uighur 19825:Second 19805:Turkic 19773:Toltec 19709:Epirus 19694:Nicaea 19617:Mongol 19570:Yamato 19506:Huetar 19364:Second 19301:Rouran 19250:Shunga 19245:Maurya 19220:Kushan 19193:Median 19171:Hunnic 19129:Harsha 18893:Taiwan 18828:Turkey 18793:Russia 18728:Kuwait 18708:Jordan 18698:Israel 18658:Cyprus 18643:Brunei 18638:Bhutan 18522:Tidore 18483:Loloda 18453:Maluku 18443:Wehali 18438:Sonbai 18395:Mengwi 18304:Sambas 18269:Brunei 18264:Banjar 18187:Asahan 18146:Pannai 18136:Malayu 18082:Pajang 18057:Banten 18011:Rajasa 17996:Kediri 17976:Ishana 17861: 17825: 17806: 17787: 17768: 17749: 17721: 17684: 17666: 17556: 17304: 17277: 17143: 17019:: 16979: 16971: 16916: 16820: 16797: 16789: 16750: 16702: 16647: 16595: 16505: 16331: 16209: 16184: 16109: 16015: 15972: 15905: 15816: 15773: 15695: 15687: 15644: 15494: 15464: 15360: 15314: 15257: 15088: 15075:: 15006: 14958: 14869: 14796: 14659: 14616: 14571: 14513: 14488: 14411: 14403: 14223: 14124: 14070: 14060: 14000: 13917: 13889: 13790: 13714: 13706: 13582: 13551:27 May 13401: 13271: 13189: 13179: 13091:kemeja 13079:Kawaca 13049:rampog 13045:Rampuk 12954:sarong 12599:(2013) 12488:Muslim 12450:satire 12446:Kompas 11937:Wijaya 10780:Suhita 10612:Reign 10531:Palapa 10520:Palapa 10494:Garuda 10490:Vishnu 10466:Garuda 10447:poem " 10382:, and 10380:Pajang 10234:Kraton 10201:อิเหนา 10192:topeng 10184:wayang 10157:Brunei 10143:and a 10135:, the 10007:Penang 8868:Borneo 8809:Syburi 8737:Borneo 8617:Borneo 8168:Chi Tu 8130: 8119: 8108: 8084: 8060: 8044: 7994:on the 7982:Legacy 7951:Ryukyu 7928:Brunei 7785:Bengal 7654:, and 7644:pelang 7598:Kidung 7319:mantri 7288:kawaca 7282:sarung 7273:, 1343 7152:kopiah 7099:prangi 7018:lands. 6769:Pajang 6749:Keling 6724:Kediri 6700:empire 6654:Mergui 6635:Angkor 6538:Galiao 6522:Talaud 6518:Sangir 6506:Lombok 6496:, and 6486:Sheran 6472:) and 6437:) and 6423:Dungun 6395:Pahang 6385:, and 6379:Barito 6367:Brunei 6348:Sambas 6340:Sampit 6333:Kapuas 6329:Borneo 6323:, and 6317:Bintan 6313:Lamuri 6311:) and 6303:) and 6291:) and 6273:Kampar 6218:Agusan 6202:Maluku 6190:Borneo 6146:Madura 6031:niece 6013:Pajang 5935:niece 5820:Kediri 5724:Pajang 5700:niece 5657:Serayu 5567:Kediri 5467:wiyasa 5445:Nagara 5314:caning 5272:murder 5153:Champa 5128:Maluku 5096:kepeng 4965:horses 4957:monkey 4945:parrot 4929:puyang 4901:sesame 4766:Kediri 4753:Jabung 4723:Jabung 4680:bricks 4516:suffix 4512:celeng 4462:Suhita 4433:wayang 4397:lontar 4392:kajang 4287:, and 4277:Rakawi 4253:Kadiri 4200:ashram 4134:Vishnu 4080:, and 3986:Candis 3796:wayang 3779:Larung 3768:arrack 3748:bamboo 3648:apsara 3620:belati 3596:Gresik 3580:Tu-pan 3532:cubebs 3523:Mongol 3497:, and 3495:Madras 3487:Persia 3473:, and 3359:Caitra 3321:, and 3118:Suhita 3107:Suhita 3089:, and 3063:wrote 3009:Muslim 2885:kraton 2876:Muslim 2861:Champa 2795:Malayu 2768:Maluku 2679:Banjar 2674:Tambak 2589:Maluku 2577:Borneo 2571:, the 2502:empire 2345:Malay 2315:Blitar 2266:Kediri 2260:, the 2213:Khagan 2211:, the 2195:After 2077:eulogy 1926:(e.g. 1806:Brunei 627:on the 565:Brunei 473:Kepeng 427: 306:Suhitā 268:dalang 190: 21243:Šubić 21210:Wales 21145:Spain 21102:Roman 20830:Egypt 20797:Perak 20777:Kedah 20772:Johor 20736:Early 20712:China 20670:Qajar 20617:Lanna 20592:Korea 20582:Japan 20545:Burma 20517:Aztec 20391:Lists 20346:Omani 20316:Dutch 20222:Isaaq 20173:Saadi 20141:Oirat 20124:First 20092:Qajar 20021:First 20004:First 19977:China 19950:Third 19810:First 19763:Tikal 19714:Morea 19684:Roman 19602:Latin 19597:Khmer 19592:Kanem 19558:Buyid 19484:Zagwe 19479:Aksum 19469:Chola 19376:First 19359:First 19346:Bornu 19341:Benin 19336:Aztec 19274:Roman 19255:Gupta 19240:Nanda 19176:White 18934:Macau 18853:Yemen 18813:Syria 18788:Qatar 18768:Nepal 18703:Japan 18678:India 18668:Egypt 18653:China 18542:Papua 18532:Bacan 18512:] 18495:] 18478:] 18418:Amabi 18342:Buton 18279:Kutai 18202:Johor 18197:Jambi 18141:Mauli 18067:Demak 18036:Sunda 17971:Galuh 16977:S2CID 16969:JSTOR 16914:S2CID 16795:S2CID 16227:dadap 16182:S2CID 15951:, 1). 15744:(pdf) 15693:JSTOR 14847:p. 86 14670:(PDF) 14653:(PDF) 14409:S2CID 14177:Sindo 13840:(PDF) 13829:(PDF) 13712:S2CID 13704:JSTOR 13324:4 May 13318:(PDF) 13311:(PDF) 13083:shirt 13035:, see 13033:sodok 13020:Dadap 13016:Dadap 12965:batik 12960:wore 12902:= 1). 12898:= 4, 12896:kerta 12894:= 0, 12892:ilang 12890:= 0, 12888:sirna 12766:Notes 12734:Osing 12496:Demak 12492:Islam 10482:Sukuh 10419:Monas 10376:Demak 10360:keris 10019:Sabah 9997:Kedah 9972:Legal 9329:2022– 9276:2015– 9163:1980– 8379:1766– 8356:1528– 8293:1368– 8270:1136– 8245:1300s 7912:Pasai 7841:Malay 7759:Gores 7729:When 7621:Sunda 7354:Arabs 7299:rukuh 7214:This 7165:sodok 7161:dadap 7119:nails 7117:, or 7107:balai 7003:Bugis 6863:Demak 6855:Jambi 6685:Gauḍa 6646:Ligor 6586:Timor 6562:Ambon 6558:Banda 6550:Solot 6546:Sumba 6540:with 6530:Buton 6512:with 6502:Sasak 6474:Dompo 6462:Sukun 6439:Kedah 6411:Johor 6355:Landa 6325:Barus 6289:Medan 6269:Rokan 6237:Jambi 6138:Bhres 5834:wife 5828:Daha 5487:thani 5483:Wanua 5477:lurah 5463:Watek 5453:natha 5449:rajya 5438:Bhumi 5400:Bhres 5297:debts 5268:crime 5036:peach 5032:chang 4992:lotus 4969:ducks 4961:goats 4937:steel 4909:wheat 4847:Cetho 4843:Sukuh 4831:Cetho 4740:candi 4735:brick 4587:sirap 4582:chang 4576:chang 4384:So-li 4332:canto 4328:pupuh 4138:Durga 4130:Shiva 4090:Islam 3798:bébér 3764:areca 3721:betel 3706:ivory 3702:rhino 3686:Gold 3584:Tuban 3485:into 3479:Padua 3331:Hindu 3273:Demak 3258:Demak 3201:Demak 3091:Ampel 3087:Tuban 3083:Demak 3074:Islam 3042:Jambi 2605:Luzon 2391:nagas 2383:Surya 2305:King 2286:pahit 2274:Tarik 1738:Hindu 1618:Women 1613:Sport 1591:Islam 1516:Bogor 449:Demak 293:raden 264:raden 209:raden 157:Islam 98:(now 20880:26th 20875:25th 20865:19th 20860:18th 20855:12th 20850:11th 20746:Late 20638:Iran 20533:Asia 20161:Bogd 20087:Zand 20065:Sikh 19972:Qing 19967:Ming 19899:Wari 19867:Tran 19852:Dinh 19622:Yuan 19612:Mali 19521:Pala 19511:Inca 19462:Yuan 19452:Song 19447:Liao 19442:Tang 19215:Kush 19097:Dʿmt 18773:Oman 18738:Laos 18693:Iraq 18688:Iran 18385:Bima 18380:Bali 18362:Suai 18352:Wajo 18347:Luwu 18337:Bone 18332:Gowa 18242:Siak 18192:Deli 18177:Aceh 17951:Java 17859:ISBN 17847:2012 17823:ISBN 17804:ISBN 17785:ISBN 17766:ISBN 17747:ISBN 17719:ISBN 17682:ISBN 17664:ISBN 17586:2020 17554:ISBN 17523:2010 17497:2016 17466:2014 17435:2011 17409:2018 17302:ISBN 17275:ISBN 17213:2021 17187:2020 17141:ISSN 17052:2020 16818:ISBN 16787:ISSN 16748:ISBN 16700:ISBN 16645:ISBN 16593:ISBN 16503:ISBN 16412:2019 16329:ISBN 16207:ISBN 16107:ISBN 16013:ISBN 15970:ISBN 15903:ISBN 15814:ISBN 15771:ISBN 15752:2014 15722:2020 15685:ISSN 15642:ISBN 15621:2022 15492:ISBN 15462:ISBN 15428:2023 15402:2023 15358:ISBN 15312:ISBN 15286:2022 15255:ISSN 15086:ISBN 15004:ISBN 14956:ISBN 14932:2022 14880:2022 14867:ISBN 14809:itu. 14794:ISBN 14678:2020 14657:ISBN 14614:ISBN 14569:ISBN 14511:ISBN 14486:ISBN 14462:2022 14420:2022 14401:ISSN 14352:2022 14327:2022 14221:ISBN 14158:2019 14122:ISBN 14079:2023 14068:OCLC 14058:ISBN 13998:ISBN 13915:ISBN 13887:ISBN 13848:2015 13788:ISBN 13658:2022 13632:2015 13580:ISBN 13553:2015 13434:2015 13399:ISBN 13326:2015 13269:ISBN 13228:2022 13203:2014 13187:OCLC 13177:ISBN 13051:and 12962:kain 12900:bumi 12759:Bali 12631:jong 12546:, a 12534:, a 12452:and 12337:Dyah 11349:dewi 10864:Daha 10703:Bali 10433:and 10404:link 10350:The 10339:and 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