122:(president of the Manitoba Métis Foundation) was interviewed in a 2006 documentary by John Barnard, and emphasizes that the Métis fiddle tradition is an oral tradition which cannot be taught in school. This specific form of fiddling has important musical ties to First Nations, especially Ojibwe, music. Métis fiddling was analyzed by ethno-musicologist Lynn Whidden in the film; she documented that the meter can vary from measure to measure and is very percussive. Players use their feet and choke up on the bow to enable a very sharp "bite". Some players (such as Sierra Noble) play fiddle in a modernized (or blended) Métis style, which incorporates Celtic or country-pop influences. Noble plays Celtic rock fusion in the Sierra Noble Trio, with
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tradition is being constrained and held back from innovating. In addition, the Metis-style competitions are offered significantly less prize money; at the
Manitoba Open, competitors sought $ 100 compared to the $ 400 offered for the top prize in other old-time styles. These competitions are furthermore problematic for allowing individuals to interact with the Metis culture in one specific way, thus avoiding interacting with the indigenous community of Metis people native to Canada.
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performance allows for the connection of two kinds of sociability that might initially appear to be quite distinct, “musical closeness and interactions between strangers.” Fiddle music is often performed at cultural folk festivals outside of their more intimate community role, where the music draws people together through a “collective identification with Metis heritage.”
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Fiddle tunes for dances have been described as the core repertoire of Metis fiddling. The central defining tune is Red River Jig, which is not actually in jig timing (6/8) but often in the faster duple meter(s) associated with reels. A local anecdote relates that "the way to drive a Métis crazy is to
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and "Indian" derivation of the style, noting that they overlap and have become indistinct. She demonstrates this theme as infusing lyrics as well, as in the song "Redj'Jan's Shoes-White Man's Shoes": "I ain't red nor am I white, I've been like this for all of my life". Citing personal communications,
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The fiddle has become a key feature of Metis identity through the cultural prominence of jigging and social fiddling. Originating from the Red River Region, the Metis fiddle has a similar ethnogenesis as the culture of peoples itself. According to
Canadian Geographic, Metis fiddlers are “cultural
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The styles documented are
European: polka, waltz, twostep, schottische, jig and square dance; however, the steps intermingle with First Nations dances. The chord progressions use complex harmonic structures, abandoning the I-IV-V-I progression of European-derived tunes. Audience hand-clapping,
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These public performances outside of the sphere of the community are not without controversy, though. With the introduction of Metis-style fiddle competitions, in which competitors are to demonstrate “authenticity” perform without accompaniment and clog while seated, many argue that the Metis
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nail his moccasins to the floor and play the Red River Jig The dancing involves prominent footwork as in Irish dance and has been brought to a high level of dexterity. Cory
Poitras demonstrates simultaneous fiddle playing and "jigging" at Métis crossing in a 2007 video clip available online.
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In 1992, Nicholas
Vrooman produced "Plains Chippewa/Metis Music from Turtle Mountain." for Smithsonian Folklore Recordings. This album features Metis Master fiddlers Jimmie LaRocque and Mike Page. In 1997, Smithsonian Folklore Recordings released "Wood That Sings: Indian Fiddle Music of the
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or understanding music as sharing, which informs the social aspects of this community. Because of the mobility and vast kinship networks of the Metis peoples, fiddle music has played a large role in connecting and maintaining both relations and a sense of identity. In this way, Metis fiddle
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people are a poly-ethnic post-contact
Indigenous peoples. Fiddles were "introduced in this area by Scottish and French-Canadian fur traders in the early 1800s", where the Metis community adopted the instrument into their culture.
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Mary "La" Bolduc, a prominent
Canadian folk artist. Though she had European and Indigenous lineage was not Métis. The instrument itself would have been similar to those used by early Metis fiddlers.
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she indicates that nearly everyone in the community played an instrument; gatherings were usually in homes, because of the lack of large buildings; however, she also refers to "weekly" dances.
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Arkansas
Traveller), "Drops of Brandy" ("Le Brandy" in Québec), and "Devil's Reel" ("Le Reel du Pendu" in Québec). Other dances include Duck Dance, Square Dance and Drops of Brandy
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According to
Lederman, this is the same as the "La Grande Gigue Simple" or "La Grandeux" in Québec, which is also found in Cajun playing. Other repertoire she identifies include
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have developed to play the violin, solo and in folk ensembles. It is marked by the percussive use of the bow and percussive accompaniment (such as spoon percussion). The
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parentage. The term was historically a catch-all describing the offspring of any such union, but within generations the culture coalesced into what is today a distinct
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Metis fiddling can be described as the incorporation of First
Nations, Scottish, and French-Canadian rhythms, but with a unique Metis beat.
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Lederman, Anne, 1987. "Old Native and Métis Fiddling in Manitoba". Vol. L Toronto: Falcon Productions, 783A Queen Street West, M6J 1O1.
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341:"Music of the Indians and Métis" I & n (Kit). Winnipeg: Manitoba Department of Education and Training, Media Productions (1983).
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ambassadors”, but the music's role in legal, political, and cultural considerations is often overlooked. The metis have a notion of
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602:""La Grande Gigue Simple" and the "Red River Jig": A Comparative Study of Two Regional Styles of a Tradtitional Fiddle Tune"
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Giroux, Monique (2018). "Silencing the Other Within: Metis Music at Manitoba's Old-Time Fiddle Competitions".
727:
Giroux, Monique (2018). "Silencing the Other Within: Metis Music at Manitoba's Old-Time Fiddle Competitions".
700:
Giroux, Monique (2018). "Silencing the Other Within: Metis Music at Manitoba's Old-Time Fiddle Competitions".
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Lederman, Anne. "Old Indian and Métis Fiddling in Manitoba: Origins, Structure, and Questions of Syncretism".
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dancer=Felicia Morrisseau| affiliation= The Asham Stompers| performance= Red River Jig|venue=unknown|link=
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Americas." This album features Metis Master fiddlers Lawrence 'Teddy Boy' Houle, and Jimmie LaRocque.
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Whidden, Lynn. "How can you dance to Beethoven? Native people and country music". CUMR, 5, 1984.
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Chrétien, Annette (2002). "Under the Double Eagle: From Military March to Métis Miziksharing".
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Dueck, Byron (2007). "Public and Intimate Sociability in First Nations and Métis Fiddling".
378:"Old Indian and Metis Fiddling in Manitoba: Origins, Structure, and Questions of Syncretism"
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Rinella, Steven. 2008. American Buffalo: In Search of A Lost Icon. NY: Spiegel and Grau.
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675:"Performing heritage: Métis music, dance, and identity in a Multicultural State"
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Cory Poitras and sister, Kelsey Poitras jigging at Metis crossing 2007
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fathers. Today these two cultures form a single Métis culture.
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Music on the World Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage
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30:
347:
Whidden, Lynn. "Hymn anomalies in traditional Cree song".
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foot-stomping and dancing create an aural accompaniment.
129:
In "A Note on Métis Music" Whidden emphasizes the French
511:"Wood That Sings: Indian Fiddle Music of the Americas"
497:"Plains Chippewa/Metis Music from Turtle Mountain"
3246:
447:Sierra Noble TRIO - DABE (Celtic Fiddle Medley)
184:. At one time, distinctions were made between
156:who trace their descent to mixed European and
2865:
1016:
1002:
859:
261:
164:with formal recognition equal to that of the
1368:
782:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IoXGCmQ7bLg
16:Style of fiddle playing of the Métis people
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1009:
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866:
852:
2879:
793:Cory Poitras and Kelsey Poitras (2007).
564:
375:
238:
141:
599:
469:
152:The Métis are an Indigenous peoples of
3247:
753:
726:
699:
382:The Canadian Journal of Native Studies
336:The Canadian Journal of Native Studies
332:Canadian Journal for Traditional Music
255:(a Métis version of the American tune
168:and First Nations. Mothers were often
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990:
847:
672:
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626:
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542:Ethno-Cultural and Aboriginal Groups
430:"Sierra's Song - Metis Fiddle Music"
424:
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397:
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371:
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365:
126:on guitar and Bruce Jacobs on bass.
529:the Canadian Museum of Civilization
525:"First Nations Culture Areas Index"
103:Métis in the northern United States
13:
3196:West Country / Scrumpy and Western
663:
555:
456:
439:
349:Recherches Amérindiennes au Québec
14:
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796:Red river jig Metis crossing 2007
768:10.5406/ethnomusicology.62.2.0265
741:10.5406/ethnomusicology.62.2.0265
714:10.5406/ethnomusicology.62.2.0265
419:
407:indigenouspeoplesatlasofcanada.ca
392:
362:
826:Alberta Metis Historical Society
679:Dissertation, Indiana University
334:, 1991 (originally published in
2742:20th-century Western folk music
814:
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546:
600:Gibbons, Roy W. (1980-06-01).
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1:
875:North American Indian musical
355:
234:
799:. Smoky Lake County, Alberta
479:Canadian Folk Music Bulletin
470:Whidden, Lynn (March 1990).
53:Métis people (United States)
7:
3169:Newfoundland & Labrador
822:"Culture - Music and Dance"
304:
113:
10:
3281:
1839:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
321:
293:Lawrence "Teddy Boy" Houle
262:Métis-style fiddle players
145:
3260:North American folk music
3206:
3112:
3067:Traditional country music
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2001:
1921:
1886:
1800:
1695:
1626:
1581:
1525:
1430:
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1149:American primitive guitar
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1044:
1035:
1026:
1019:Folk and indigenous music
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882:
81:
76:
58:
44:
26:
21:
2215:Bosnian and Herzegovinan
225:
2915:Christian country music
472:"A Note on Métis Music"
376:Lederman, Anne (1988).
3032:Neotraditional country
1737:by ethnocultural group
1045:By subject or function
316:Rendezvous (fur trade)
244:
97:is the style that the
3072:Truck-driving country
1941:Indigenous Australian
976:Native American flute
673:Quick, Sarah (2009).
242:
142:Cultural Significance
87:French Canadian music
49:Métis people (Canada)
1784:Cape Breton fiddling
351:, vol 15 no 4, 1984.
338:7.2 (1988): 205-30).
3097:Texas country music
3047:Progressive country
2957:Alternative country
2349:Starogradska muzika
2315:Starogradska muzika
2254:Starogradska muzika
2242:Starogradska muzika
2225:Starogradska muzika
253:Arcandsaw Traveller
205:"), descended from
83:Scottish folk music
59:Typical instruments
3152:Cape Breton fiddle
2920:Country en Español
2634:Middle Eastern and
1274:Medieval folk rock
567:The World of Music
300:from Hays, Montana
245:
3265:Folk music genres
3242:
3241:
3214:Appalachian music
3137:Bakersfield sound
2925:Country and Irish
2847:
2846:
2728:
2727:
2523:Gaelic folk music
1968:Papua New Guinean
1796:
1795:
1691:
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1353:
1352:
1311:New Weird America
984:
983:
403:"Music and Dance"
92:
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27:Stylistic origins
3272:
3082:New Mexico music
2874:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2850:
2839:History of music
2807:Progressive rock
1978:Solomon Islander
1936:White Australian
1583:African-American
1579:
1578:
1432:Indigenous North
1428:
1427:
1366:
1365:
1320:Progressive folk
1301:Psychedelic folk
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162:Indigenous group
45:Cultural origins
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3244:
3243:
3238:
3224:Classic country
3202:
3181:Nashville sound
3147:Canadian fiddle
3113:Regional scenes
3108:
3052:Sertanejo music
2886:
2878:
2848:
2843:
2734:
2724:
2703:Anatolian blues
2635:
2628:
2371:Anatolian blues
2174:
2102:Kamrupi Lokgeet
1997:
1953:Easter Islander
1917:
1882:
1792:
1705:Canadian fiddle
1687:
1622:
1577:
1521:
1433:
1426:
1408:Tierra Caliente
1378:Central America
1360:
1349:
1264:Industrial folk
1137:
1074:Christmas carol
1037:
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756:Ethnomusicology
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729:Ethnomusicology
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702:Ethnomusicology
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629:Ethnomusicology
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278:Calvin Vollrath
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150:
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120:David Chartrand
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99:Métis of Canada
63:Old time fiddle
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3042:Outlaw country
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3008:Heartland rock
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2979:Gothic Western
2974:Gothic country
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2747:Acoustic music
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2383:
2378:
2376:Anatolian rock
2373:
2363:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2302:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2007:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1927:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1903:
1898:
1892:
1890:
1888:South American
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1854:Chutney parang
1846:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1707:
1701:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1632:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1438:
1436:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1374:
1372:
1363:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1279:Medieval metal
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1216:Medieval metal
1208:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1048:
1046:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1014:
1013:
1006:
999:
991:
982:
981:
979:
978:
973:
967:
965:
961:
960:
958:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
927:
925:
921:
920:
918:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
886:
884:
880:
879:
871:
870:
863:
856:
848:
840:
839:
813:
785:
773:
746:
719:
692:
662:
619:
592:
554:
545:
534:
516:
502:
488:
455:
438:
418:
391:
360:
359:
357:
354:
353:
352:
345:
342:
339:
328:
323:
320:
319:
318:
313:
306:
303:
302:
301:
295:
290:
288:Patti Kusturok
285:
283:Andy de Jarlis
280:
275:
270:
263:
260:
236:
233:
227:
224:
146:Main article:
143:
140:
115:
112:
90:
89:
79:
78:
74:
73:
60:
56:
55:
46:
42:
41:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3277:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3255:Métis culture
3253:
3252:
3250:
3235:
3234:Rock and roll
3232:
3230:
3229:Country radio
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3176:Lubbock sound
3174:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3162:Quebec fiddle
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3103:
3102:Western swing
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3077:Western music
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3062:Talking blues
3060:
3058:
3057:Southern soul
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3013:Southern rock
3011:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2881:Country music
2875:
2870:
2868:
2863:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2822:Roots revival
2820:
2818:
2817:Record labels
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2731:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2686:Mizrahi music
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2636:North African
2631:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2415:Celtic fusion
2413:
2412:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2069:
2068:Zhongguo feng
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2028:Central Asian
2026:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1948:Cook Islander
1946:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1912:
1911:Gaita zuliana
1909:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:Quebec fiddle
1765:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1683:Western swing
1681:
1679:
1678:Southern soul
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1482:Kwakwaka'wakw
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1429:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1393:Son calentano
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1370:North America
1367:
1364:
1362:
1356:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1123:Sporting song
1121:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1111:Anti-war song
1109:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1096:Drinking song
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1000:
998:
993:
992:
989:
977:
974:
972:
971:Anasazi flute
969:
968:
966:
962:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
940:Apache fiddle
938:
936:
932:
929:
928:
926:
922:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
890:Clapper stick
888:
887:
885:
881:
876:
869:
864:
862:
857:
855:
850:
849:
846:
827:
823:
817:
810:
798:
797:
789:
783:
777:
769:
765:
761:
757:
750:
742:
738:
734:
730:
723:
715:
711:
707:
703:
696:
688:
684:
680:
676:
669:
667:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
623:
615:
611:
607:
603:
596:
588:
584:
580:
576:
573:(1): 95–114.
572:
568:
561:
559:
549:
543:
538:
530:
526:
520:
512:
506:
498:
492:
484:
480:
473:
466:
464:
462:
460:
453:
449:
442:
436:
432:
425:
423:
408:
404:
398:
396:
387:
383:
379:
372:
370:
368:
366:
361:
350:
346:
343:
340:
337:
333:
329:
326:
325:
317:
314:
312:
311:Red River Jig
309:
308:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
265:
259:
258:
254:
249:
241:
232:
223:
219:
216:
215:Miziksharing,
210:
208:
204:
200:
197:fathers) and
196:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
158:First Nations
155:
154:Turtle Island
149:
139:
135:
132:
127:
125:
121:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
88:
84:
80:
75:
72:
68:
64:
61:
57:
54:
50:
47:
43:
40:
36:
32:
29:
25:
20:
3157:Métis fiddle
3156:
2952:Country rock
2795:Laws numbers
2693:Pontic Greek
2560:Pontic Greek
2481:Morris dance
2420:Celtic metal
2344:Balkan brass
2090:Manila sound
1859:Chutney soca
1729:
1663:Country rock
1653:Country folk
1547:Folk revival
1486:
1403:Son huasteco
1240:Celtic metal
1211:Celtic metal
1186:Folk baroque
1164:Country folk
1118:Sea shanties
1106:Protest song
945:Métis fiddle
944:
905:Pow Wow drum
830:. Retrieved
825:
816:
808:
801:. Retrieved
795:
788:
776:
759:
755:
749:
732:
728:
722:
705:
701:
695:
678:
635:(1): 30–63.
632:
628:
622:
606:MUSICultures
605:
595:
570:
566:
548:
537:
528:
519:
505:
491:
482:
478:
441:
410:. Retrieved
406:
388:(2): 205–30.
385:
381:
348:
335:
331:
273:Sierra Noble
256:
252:
250:
246:
229:
220:
214:
211:
198:
192:
186:French Métis
185:
151:
136:
130:
128:
117:
95:Métis fiddle
94:
93:
77:Other topics
22:Métis fiddle
3219:Cajun music
2996:Psychobilly
2947:Country rap
2935:Bro-country
2930:Country pop
2908:Traditional
2903:Progressive
2827:World music
2812:Pub session
2785:Roud number
2780:Collections
2772:Instruments
2654:Azerbaijani
2430:Celtic rock
2425:Celtic punk
2300:Montenegrin
2011:Bangladeshi
1963:Marshallese
1658:Country pop
1549:(1950s–60s)
1535:Appalachian
1398:Son jarocho
1335:Tamang Selo
1254:Folktronica
1245:Celtic punk
1235:Celtic rock
1228:Celtic punk
1091:Dance music
900:Lummi stick
895:Footed drum
877:instruments
485:(1): 12–15.
268:John Arcand
203:Countryborn
199:Anglo Métis
190:francophone
124:Ariel Posen
3249:Categories
3125:Australian
3027:Honky-tonk
3018:Swamp rock
3003:Roots rock
2991:Gothabilly
2986:Rockabilly
2940:Cowboy pop
2767:Folk dance
2762:Folk clubs
2752:Filk music
2718:Tsifteteli
2565:Portuguese
2540:Lithuanian
2400:Belarusian
2391:Tsifteteli
2354:Turbo-folk
2305:Macedonian
2276:Tsifteteli
2220:Sevdalinka
2163:Vietnamese
2119:Indonesian
1931:Australian
1906:Venezuelan
1820:Kontradans
1753:by region
1710:Indigenous
1673:Rockabilly
1668:Honky-tonk
1641:Roots rock
1618:Spirituals
1558:New Mexico
1420:Panamanian
1361:traditions
1306:Freak folk
1259:Indie folk
1206:Folk metal
1181:Filk music
1086:Children's
1036:Types and
915:Water drum
883:Percussion
762:(2): 285.
735:(2): 282.
708:(2): 281.
412:2019-12-01
356:References
235:Repertoire
178:Denesuline
39:Strathspey
3130:Bush band
2962:Americana
2898:Bluegrass
2832:Worldbeat
2757:Festivals
2713:Arabesque
2607:Ukrainian
2587:Slovenian
2550:Norwegian
2513:Icelandic
2508:Hungarian
2381:Arabesque
2361:Slovenian
2232:Bulgarian
2158:Pakistani
2148:Mongolian
2038:Cantonese
2023:Bhutanese
1896:Brazilian
1802:Caribbean
1762:Québécois
1648:Bluegrass
1636:Americana
1601:Dixieland
1452:Blackfeet
1359:Regional
1340:Vallenato
1296:Nerd-folk
1223:Folk punk
1201:Folk rock
1191:Folk jazz
1159:Bluegrass
1154:Anti-folk
1133:Work song
1128:War songs
1101:Love song
1038:subgenres
950:Qelutviaq
832:8 October
803:8 October
687:304902818
649:0014-1836
614:1920-4221
579:0043-8774
298:Jamie Fox
188:(born of
182:Saulteaux
3186:Nigerian
3142:Canadian
3120:Atlantan
3087:Red dirt
2735:articles
2733:Related
2659:Egyptian
2649:Assyrian
2644:Armenian
2575:Scottish
2528:Hornpipe
2488:Estonian
2471:Hornpipe
2444:Moravian
2327:Romanian
2271:Rebetiko
2249:Croatian
2203:Albanian
2193:Austrian
2180:European
2153:Nepalese
2124:Japanese
2085:Kundiman
2075:Filipino
2058:Pak-kóan
2053:Lâm-kóan
2016:Bhawaiya
1993:Tuvaluan
1983:Tahitian
1923:Oceanian
1827:Jamaican
1779:Maritime
1772:Néo-trad
1757:Prairies
1697:Canadian
1563:Red Dirt
1553:Hawaiian
1540:Old-time
1527:American
1502:Seminole
1472:Iroquois
1442:Canadian
1434:American
1286:Muiñeira
1196:Folk-pop
1079:Koliadka
935:Tautirut
683:ProQuest
657:20174501
587:41699402
305:See also
207:Scottish
194:voyageur
114:Overview
3207:Related
3037:Norteño
2969:Cowpunk
2698:Turkish
2681:Klezmer
2676:Israeli
2671:Iranian
2664:Fantezi
2612:Cossack
2597:Swedish
2592:Spanish
2570:Russian
2545:Maltese
2535:Latvian
2493:Finnish
2466:English
2386:Fantezi
2366:Turkish
2339:Serbian
2310:Čalgija
2293:Tallava
2288:Kosovan
2283:Italian
2208:Tallava
2168:Quan họ
2080:Bodabil
2063:Teochew
2048:Jingnan
2033:Chinese
1901:Chilean
1849:Chutney
1815:Haitian
1628:Country
1613:Ragtime
1573:Western
1447:Arapaho
1388:Corrido
1383:Mexican
1330:Skiffle
1291:Neofolk
1169:Dangdut
1142:Fusions
1052:Ballads
955:Yakatat
931:Agiarut
452:YouTube
435:YouTube
322:Sources
131:chanson
3092:Tejano
2891:Genres
2884:genres
2580:Gaelic
2555:Polish
2503:German
2498:French
2456:Danish
2410:Celtic
2405:Breton
2332:Manele
2322:Romani
2237:Chalga
2198:Balkan
2188:Alpine
2136:Korean
2129:Min'yō
2112:Sanedo
2107:Rasiya
2097:Indian
1988:Tongan
1973:Samoan
1871:Parang
1844:Cariso
1747:French
1742:Celtic
1568:Tejano
1497:Pueblo
1492:Navajo
1069:Carols
1062:Murder
924:String
910:Qilaut
828:. 2001
685:
655:
647:
612:
585:
577:
174:Ojibwa
67:guitar
2790:Child
2776:List
2624:Welsh
2617:Dumka
2602:Swiss
2518:Irish
2461:Dutch
2449:Polka
2439:Czech
2266:Laïko
2261:Greek
2043:Hakka
2003:Asian
1958:Maori
1866:Kaiso
1832:Mento
1810:Cuban
1730:Métis
1725:Inuit
1591:Blues
1517:Yuman
1512:Yaqui
1507:Sioux
1487:Métis
1477:Kiowa
1467:Inuit
1413:Yaqui
1174:Koplo
1057:Child
653:JSTOR
583:JSTOR
475:(PDF)
226:Forms
201:(or "
166:Inuit
148:Métis
107:Métis
35:Reels
2476:Jigs
2141:Trot
1876:Soca
1720:Innu
1715:Dene
1596:Jazz
1462:Innu
1457:Dene
964:Wind
834:2016
805:2016
645:ISSN
610:ISSN
575:ISSN
170:Cree
101:and
71:drum
31:Jigs
1608:Jug
1345:Xẩm
1325:Raï
764:doi
737:doi
710:doi
637:doi
450:on
433:on
180:or
3251::
3191:UK
1269:Lu
824:.
807:.
760:62
758:.
733:62
731:.
706:62
704:.
681:.
677:.
665:^
651:.
643:.
633:51
631:.
608:.
604:.
581:.
571:44
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557:^
527:.
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481:.
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458:^
421:^
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394:^
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364:^
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386:7
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