Knowledge

Debt relief

Source đź“ť

335:
without a license or insurance. Surcharges were created in 2003 to pay for a roadway network that was never built, and instead half the money was diverted to hospitals, which became reliant on the money, with the rest going into the state treasury. However, the majority of drivers who had surcharges assessed could not pay them. Many people who could not afford either surcharges or insurance continued to drive and racked up huge sums in debt they could never expect to pay. A little-advertised amnesty program and an indigence program that still required partial payment helped some, and were criticized by some who felt it was unfair that they paid and others didn't. But local sheriffs began to complain that the law was causing the jails to fill up with people driving on suspended license, and the judiciary insisted the law was unfair and counterproductive to public safety. Finally, in 2019, the Legislature found different sources to fund hospitals and eliminated the surcharge, along with around $ 2.5 billion in debt owed by around 1.4 million people. The same year, the Legislature eliminated red-light cameras statewide and effectively canceled those debts, and re-defined "undue hardship" in the Code of Criminal Procedure to allow judges to waive traffic-fine debt for more people.
331:. Debt relief, on an individual level, refers mainly to the negotiation for a reduction of a debt by either the consumer or a debt settlement agency. Through this arrangement, consumers agree to pay the creditor a fixed amount of money (generally a discount on their outstanding debt) either in a lump sum or under a payment plan. The debt settlement industry has had significant regulatory scrutiny since its inception with changes implemented in 2010 by the FTC. As the disposition of personal debt is a highly regulated industry, consumers are urged by the FTC and other trade organizations to do significant research and find an independent credit counselor to guide them through the process. 422: 311:, non-housing personal debt (auto loans, credit cards, student loans, etc.) rose significantly from approximately $ 2.05 trillion at the start of 2003 to a peak of $ 2.71 trillion in Q4 of 2008. It was not until Q3 of 2012 that unsecured personal debt reached this level again. Since that time, unsecured personal debt has risen steadily to $ 3.76 trillion at the end of the third quarter of 2017. The other large change in unsecured personal debt is that an increasing portion of it is now student loan debt, from 12% in Q1 of 2003 to 53% in Q3 of 2017. 488:
In debt restructuring, an existing debt is replaced with a new debt. This may result in reduction of the principal (debt relief), or may simply change the terms of repayment, for instance by extending the term (replacing a debt repaid over 5 years with one repaid over 10 years), which allows the same
334:
In 2019, the Texas Legislature forgave an estimated $ 2.5 billion in debt when it abolished its "Driver Responsibility Surcharge" in all but driving while intoxicated (DWI) cases. This surcharge was an extra three-year civil penalty added onto certain criminal traffic infractions like DWI or driving
314:
The increasing size of the non-housing personal debt market and ease with which one can obtain personal credit has led to some consumers falling behind on payments. As of Q3 2017, student loans have the highest rates of serious delinquency (90 or more days delinquent) with approximately 9.6% of all
78:
War debt payments by World War I Allies to the U.S. had been suspended in 1931—only Finland paid in full—and American public opinion demanded repayments resume as a condition of U.S. postwar aid. Germany had suspended its reparations payments due under the 1919 Versailles Treaty and payable to
318:
When consumers begin to fall behind on payments, they have several options to discharge the debt, either in full or in part. The first method is declaring bankruptcy, which has the immediate effect of stopping any payments made to creditors. In the United States, the two primary avenues of
165:
satisfactorily for at least one year. Under the goal of reducing inflation, some countries have been pressured to reduce spending in the health and education sectors. While the World Bank considers the HIPC Initiative a success, some scholars are more critical of it.
522:
Inflation, the reduction in the nominal value of currency, reduces the real value of debts. While lenders take inflation into account when they decide the terms of a loan, unexpected increases in the rate of inflation cause categorical debt relief.
44:
From antiquity through the 19th century, it refers to domestic debts, in particular agricultural debts and freeing of debt slaves. In World War I the United States Treasury made large loans to the allies that were postponed, reduced and
459: 454:
Debt slavery can persist across generations, future generations being made to work to pay off debts incurred by past generations. Debt bondage is today considered a form of "modern day
389:, the terms of the debt are modified, which may involve the debt owed being reduced. In case the debtor chooses bankruptcy despite being able to service the debt, this is called 485:. Forbearance meaning that interest payments (possibly including past due ones) are forgiven, so long as payments resume. No reduction of principal occurs, however. 596:), the climactic event is the destruction of credit card records, dramatized as the destruction of skyscrapers, which allows for debt relief. The television series 575: 196:, is to "assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt financing, debt relief and 292:
If the debtor is in difficulty, grant him time till it is easy for him to repay. But, if ye remit it by way of charity, that is best for you if ye only knew.
134:(HIPC) initiative was ultimately launched to provide systematic debt relief for the poorest countries, whilst trying to ensure the money would be spent on 385:, where a debtor who cannot or chooses not to pay their debts files for bankruptcy and renegotiates their debts, or a creditor initiates this. As part of 602:(2015–2019), follows a group of hackers whose main mission is to cancel all debts by taking down one of the largest corporations in the world, E Corp. 287:) supports debt forgiveness for those who are unable to pay as an act of charity and remission of sins for the creditor. The injunction is as follows: 955: 930: 985: 161:, including water and electricity. To qualify for irrevocable debt relief, countries must also maintain macroeconomic stability and implement a 315:
student loan debt falling into this bucket. Credit card debt and auto loan debt have serious delinquency rates of 4.6% and 2.4% respectively.
851: 273:, which canceled all debts and retroactively canceled previous debts that had caused slavery and serfdom, freeing debt slaves and debt serfs. 1111: 722:
Timothy W. Guinnane, "Financial Vergangenheitsbewältigung: The 1953 London Debt Agreement" (Economic Growth Center, Yale University, 2004)
360: 356: 359:
provides that debt forgiven on a primary residence is not treated as income, for debts forgiven in the three-year period 2007–2009. The
46: 320: 763: 324: 1541: 642: 57:(Mexico 1983, etc.). In the early 21st century, it is of increased applicability to individuals in developed countries, due to 1035: 907:"Total Household Debt Increases, Delinquency Rates of Several Debt Types Continue Rising - FEDERAL RESERVE BANK of NEW YORK" 122:, was successful in pushing debt relief onto the agenda of Western governments and international organizations such as the 1085: 84: 1010: 788: 746: 707: 308: 1060: 1061:"Grits for Breakfast: Declining DWI convictions and the unmitigated failure of the Driver Responsibility surcharge" 17: 465:
Debtors' prison has been largely abolished, but remains in some forms in the US, for example if one fails to make
626: 193: 131: 1295: 1145: 462:. Nevertheless, the practice continues in some nations. In most developed nations, debts cannot be inherited. 868: 344: 189: 107: 352: 435:
If a debt cannot be or is not repaid, alternatives that were common historically but are now rare include
169:
The Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) is an extension of HIPC. The MDRI was agreed following the
611: 123: 1428: 963: 569: 162: 54: 632: 247:, the last year of the seven-year agricultural cycle or a 49-year cycle, depending on interpretation. 906: 477:
In modern times, the most common alternatives to debt relief in cases where debt cannot be paid are
538:
in late 19th century America being seen as a conflict between debtor farmers and creditor bankers.
182: 1464: 1375: 1108: 1086:"Grits for Breakfast: Scaling back justice debt biggest #cjreform accomplishment of 2019 #txlege" 804: 327:
bankruptcy. Another option is to consolidate these debts into a single loan, commonly known as
1279: 738:
Developing Countries: Status of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Hipc Debt Relief Initiative
548: 501: 214: 697: 177:
in July 2005. It offers 100% cancellation of multilateral debts owed by HIPC countries to the
1469: 778: 421: 150: 805:
Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
447:, when the debt is so great (or labor valued so low) that the debt will never be repaid—and 41:, or the slowing or stopping of debt growth, owed by individuals, corporations, or nations. 1536: 1290: 1270: 390: 347:, debt forgiven is treated as income, as it reduces a liability, increasing the taxpayer's 8: 1403: 637: 553: 496:
Personal debt that can be repaid from income but is not being repaid may be obtained via
1350: 1285: 1265: 1138: 593: 482: 448: 429: 386: 328: 240: 197: 103: 986:"Texas' Driver Responsibility Program ends next month. Here's what that means for you" 882: 822: 1495: 1370: 1230: 862: 784: 742: 703: 531: 405: 397: 376: 224: 135: 699:
The Origins of Value: The Financial Innovations that Created Modern Capital Markets
255: 251: 158: 142: 100: 50: 780:
Regional Economic Outlook, October 2009: Sub-Saharan Africa - Weathering the Storm
79:
Britain, France and others, as well as loans due to the United States. Chancellor
1515: 1433: 1408: 1340: 1335: 1310: 1187: 1115: 803:
United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017,
736: 678: 490: 88: 80: 1011:"Grits for Breakfast: Driver Responsibility surcharge abolition, by the numbers" 404:. Choosing to default on such a loan despite being able to service it is called 1448: 1418: 1398: 1300: 1240: 1192: 1177: 1169: 262: 174: 106:
was the subject in the 1990s of a campaign by a broad coalition of development
62: 1530: 1510: 1478: 1474: 1393: 1210: 1131: 466: 401: 154: 58: 1443: 1438: 1423: 1413: 1365: 1345: 1317: 1036:"Grits for Breakfast: Does DRP amnesty punish those who play by the rules?" 616: 563:, the heroine pleads for debt relief (forgiveness) on grounds of Christian 444: 440: 436: 270: 232: 111: 396:
Certain debts can be defaulted on without a general bankruptcy; these are
1482: 1385: 1360: 1225: 653: 579: 535: 497: 478: 695: 460:
United Nations 1956 Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
1500: 1330: 1260: 1220: 658: 588: 527: 426: 382: 372: 178: 127: 119: 883:"The Center for Microeconomic Data - FEDERAL RESERVE BANK of NEW YORK" 1355: 1182: 598: 583: 526:
Inflation has been a contentious political issue on this basis, with
517: 348: 284: 277: 83:
decided that permanent good will required their resumption. The 1953
114:. This campaign, involving, for example, demonstrations at the 1998 1505: 1325: 546:
Debt relief plays a significant role in some artworks. In the play
458:" in international law, and banned as such, in Article 1(a) of the 808: 723: 621: 455: 400:, most notably mortgages in common law jurisdictions such as the 228: 931:"FTC Issues Final Rule to Protect Consumers in Credit Card Debt" 145:
similar to those often attached to International Monetary Fund (
1215: 363:
extended this by three years to the six-year period 2007–2012.
281: 244: 1235: 564: 505: 266: 236: 381:
The primary mechanism of debt relief in modern societies is
307:
In the United States of America for the years preceding the
1202: 1154: 776: 647: 38: 110:, Christian organizations and others, under the banner of 200:". This will help poor countries "reduce debt distress". 146: 679:"Why has Germany taken so long to pay off its WWI debt?" 49:
In the late 20th century, it came to refer primarily to
1123: 170: 115: 493:
over a longer period, thus allowing smaller payments.
219:
Debt relief existed in a number of ancient societies:
91:, is a notable example of international debt relief. 366: 696:William N. Goetzmann; K. Geert Rouwenhorst (2005). 852:"Islamic Relief Worldwide - Faith inspired action" 250:This same theme was found in an ancient bilingual 1083: 1058: 1033: 1008: 734: 1528: 94: 73: 1139: 761: 265:, where in the 6th century BCE, the lawmaker 702:. Oxford University Press. pp. 336–38. 443:: being bound until the debt is repaid; and 361:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 357:Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007 68: 857:. Archived from the original on 2009-12-31. 27:The partial or total or forgiveness of debt 1146: 1132: 586:and hence reduces debts. In the 1999 film 661:, activist group against Third World debt 258:text entitled "The Song of Debt Release". 530:of currency a form of or alternative to 420: 351:. In the context of the bursting of the 239:to forgive debts in certain cases every 983: 203: 141:The HIPC programme has been subject to 37:is the partial or total forgiveness of 14: 1529: 643:Loan modification in the United States 1127: 820: 223:Debt forgiveness is mentioned in the 99:Debt relief for heavily indebted and 1296:Debtor-in-possession (DIP) financing 777:International Monetary Fund (2009). 827:The University of Chicago Chronicle 766:. D+C, development and cooperation. 741:. DIANE Publishing. pp. 2–10. 648:Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative 261:Debt forgiveness was also found in 53:, which started exploding with the 24: 1109:The Bondage of Debt: A Photo Essay 797: 762:JĂĽrgen Kaiser (22 February 2016). 235:scripture), in which God counsels 149:) and World Bank loans, requiring 85:Agreement on German External Debts 25: 1553: 504:, which deduct debt service from 472: 367:Bankruptcy and non-recourse loans 319:bankruptcy for an individual are 153:reforms, sometimes including the 1084:Gritsforbreakfast (2019-05-30). 1059:Gritsforbreakfast (2011-01-10). 1034:Gritsforbreakfast (2010-11-07). 1009:Gritsforbreakfast (2019-06-28). 338: 269:instituted a set of laws called 1102: 1077: 1052: 1027: 1002: 977: 948: 923: 899: 875: 627:Heavily indebted poor countries 411: 302: 132:Heavily Indebted Poor Countries 844: 814: 770: 755: 728: 716: 689: 671: 594:the novel on which it is based 13: 1: 1542:Economic development programs 956:"Choosing a Credit Counselor" 821:Harms, William (1996-02-01). 665: 557: 416: 309:financial crisis of 2007–2008 190:Sustainable Development Goals 188:One of the targets of the UN 984:Closson, Troy (2019-08-20). 962:. 2012-11-01. Archived from 511: 353:United States housing bubble 7: 612:Anti-globalization movement 605: 124:International Monetary Fund 95:Less Developed Country Debt 74:First World War reparations 10: 1558: 735:Harold J. Johnson (1998). 570:The Wonderful Wizard of Oz 515: 370: 212: 208: 163:Poverty Reduction Strategy 55:Latin American debt crisis 1491: 1457: 1384: 1309: 1253: 1201: 1168: 1161: 867:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 823:"Linking ancient peoples" 633:International development 541: 87:, which resumed German's 69:International debt relief 47:finally paid off in 1953. 1153: 935:Federal Trade Commission 576:political interpretation 183:African Development Bank 1465:Consumer leverage ratio 1376:Tax refund interception 425:The sick men's ward at 549:The Merchant of Venice 502:attachment of earnings 432: 300: 215:History of debt relief 1470:Debt levels and flows 424: 290: 151:structural adjustment 1291:Debt snowball method 960:Consumer Information 764:"Back to square one" 567:. In the 1900 novel 391:strategic bankruptcy 204:Personal debt relief 104:developing countries 1090:Grits for Breakfast 1065:Grits for Breakfast 1040:Grits for Breakfast 1015:Grits for Breakfast 638:Jubilee USA Network 554:William Shakespeare 1114:2016-03-04 at the 911:www.newyorkfed.org 887:www.newyorkfed.org 582:, which engenders 578:is that it treats 483:debt restructuring 433: 398:non-recourse loans 387:debt restructuring 329:debt consolidation 198:debt restructuring 175:Gleneagles meeting 1524: 1523: 1371:Strategic default 1336:Collection agency 1249: 1248: 1231:Predatory lending 1118:, by Shilpi Gupta 990:The Texas Tribune 685:. 2 October 2010. 532:sovereign default 406:strategic default 377:Non-recourse loan 276:In addition, the 225:Book of Leviticus 136:poverty reduction 35:debt cancellation 16:(Redirected from 1549: 1216:Consumer lending 1166: 1165: 1148: 1141: 1134: 1125: 1124: 1119: 1106: 1100: 1099: 1097: 1096: 1081: 1075: 1074: 1072: 1071: 1056: 1050: 1049: 1047: 1046: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1022: 1021: 1006: 1000: 999: 997: 996: 981: 975: 974: 972: 971: 952: 946: 945: 943: 942: 927: 921: 920: 918: 917: 903: 897: 896: 894: 893: 879: 873: 872: 866: 858: 856: 848: 842: 841: 839: 838: 818: 812: 801: 795: 794: 774: 768: 767: 759: 753: 752: 732: 726: 720: 714: 713: 693: 687: 686: 675: 562: 559: 489:principal to be 298: 243:– at the end of 159:public utilities 143:conditionalities 51:Third World debt 21: 18:Loan forgiveness 1557: 1556: 1552: 1551: 1550: 1548: 1547: 1546: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1516:Promissory note 1487: 1453: 1434:Deposit account 1380: 1351:Debtors' prison 1305: 1271:Management plan 1245: 1197: 1157: 1152: 1122: 1116:Wayback Machine 1107: 1103: 1094: 1092: 1082: 1078: 1069: 1067: 1057: 1053: 1044: 1042: 1032: 1028: 1019: 1017: 1007: 1003: 994: 992: 982: 978: 969: 967: 954: 953: 949: 940: 938: 929: 928: 924: 915: 913: 905: 904: 900: 891: 889: 881: 880: 876: 860: 859: 854: 850: 849: 845: 836: 834: 819: 815: 802: 798: 791: 775: 771: 760: 756: 749: 733: 729: 721: 717: 710: 694: 690: 677: 676: 672: 668: 608: 560: 544: 520: 514: 475: 449:debtors' prison 430:debtors' prison 419: 414: 379: 371:Main articles: 369: 341: 323:bankruptcy and 305: 299: 296: 217: 211: 206: 192:, specifically 97: 89:war reparations 81:Konrad Adenauer 76: 71: 63:housing bubbles 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1555: 1545: 1544: 1539: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1485: 1472: 1467: 1461: 1459: 1455: 1454: 1452: 1451: 1449:Securitization 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1390: 1388: 1382: 1381: 1379: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1322: 1320: 1307: 1306: 1304: 1303: 1301:Loan guarantee 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1250: 1247: 1246: 1244: 1243: 1241:Vendor finance 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1207: 1205: 1199: 1198: 1196: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1174: 1172: 1163: 1159: 1158: 1151: 1150: 1143: 1136: 1128: 1121: 1120: 1101: 1076: 1051: 1026: 1001: 976: 947: 922: 898: 874: 843: 813: 796: 789: 783:. p. 41. 769: 754: 747: 727: 715: 708: 688: 669: 667: 664: 663: 662: 656: 651: 645: 640: 635: 630: 624: 619: 614: 607: 604: 543: 540: 516:Main article: 513: 510: 474: 471: 418: 415: 413: 410: 368: 365: 340: 337: 304: 301: 294: 289: 288: 274: 263:Ancient Athens 259: 248: 213:Main article: 210: 207: 205: 202: 101:underdeveloped 96: 93: 75: 72: 70: 67: 59:credit bubbles 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1554: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1534: 1532: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1511:Interest rate 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1493: 1490: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1391: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1286:Restructuring 1284: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1266:Consolidation 1264: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1211:Business loan 1209: 1208: 1206: 1204: 1200: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1149: 1144: 1142: 1137: 1135: 1130: 1129: 1126: 1117: 1113: 1110: 1105: 1091: 1087: 1080: 1066: 1062: 1055: 1041: 1037: 1030: 1016: 1012: 1005: 991: 987: 980: 966:on 2017-11-29 965: 961: 957: 951: 936: 932: 926: 912: 908: 902: 888: 884: 878: 870: 864: 853: 847: 832: 828: 824: 817: 810: 806: 800: 792: 790:9781451996012 786: 782: 781: 773: 765: 758: 750: 748:9780788179228 744: 740: 739: 731: 725: 719: 711: 709:9780195175714 705: 701: 700: 692: 684: 680: 674: 670: 660: 657: 655: 652: 649: 646: 644: 641: 639: 636: 634: 631: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 609: 603: 601: 600: 595: 591: 590: 585: 581: 577: 573: 571: 566: 555: 551: 550: 539: 537: 533: 529: 524: 519: 509: 507: 503: 499: 494: 492: 486: 484: 480: 470: 468: 467:child support 463: 461: 457: 452: 450: 446: 442: 438: 431: 428: 423: 409: 407: 403: 402:United States 399: 394: 392: 388: 384: 378: 374: 364: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 339:Tax treatment 336: 332: 330: 326: 322: 316: 312: 310: 297:Qur'an 2:280 293: 286: 283: 279: 275: 272: 268: 264: 260: 257: 253: 249: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 221: 220: 216: 201: 199: 195: 191: 186: 184: 180: 176: 172: 167: 164: 160: 156: 155:privatisation 152: 148: 144: 139: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 102: 92: 90: 86: 82: 66: 64: 60: 56: 52: 48: 42: 40: 36: 32: 19: 1481: / 1477: / 1444:Money market 1439:Fixed income 1366:Phantom debt 1346:Debt bondage 1314: 1275: 1104: 1093:. Retrieved 1089: 1079: 1068:. Retrieved 1064: 1054: 1043:. Retrieved 1039: 1029: 1018:. Retrieved 1014: 1004: 993:. Retrieved 989: 979: 968:. Retrieved 964:the original 959: 950: 939:. Retrieved 937:. 2010-07-29 934: 925: 914:. Retrieved 910: 901: 890:. Retrieved 886: 877: 846: 835:. Retrieved 830: 826: 816: 809:A/RES/71/313 799: 779: 772: 757: 737: 730: 718: 698: 691: 682: 673: 617:Debt jubilee 597: 587: 568: 547: 545: 525: 521: 495: 487: 476: 473:Contemporary 464: 453: 445:debt slavery 441:debt peonage 437:debt bondage 434: 412:Alternatives 395: 380: 342: 333: 317: 313: 306: 303:Contemporary 291: 271:seisachtheia 241:Jubilee year 218: 187: 168: 140: 112:Jubilee 2000 98: 77: 43: 34: 30: 29: 1537:Debt relief 1483:Odious debt 1361:Garnishment 1226:Payday loan 1162:Instruments 654:Odious debt 580:free silver 561: 1598 536:free silver 498:garnishment 479:forbearance 439:—including 118:meeting in 31:Debt relief 1531:Categories 1501:Insolvency 1409:Government 1341:Compliance 1331:Charge-off 1311:Collection 1261:Bankruptcy 1254:Management 1221:Loan shark 1188:Government 1095:2020-02-13 1070:2020-02-13 1045:2020-02-13 1020:2020-02-13 995:2020-02-13 970:2017-11-28 941:2017-11-28 916:2017-11-28 892:2017-11-28 837:2009-02-26 666:References 589:Fight Club 574:a primary 534:, and the 528:debasement 469:payments. 427:Marshalsea 417:Historical 383:bankruptcy 373:Bankruptcy 345:US tax law 321:Chapter 13 181:, IMF and 179:World Bank 128:World Bank 120:Birmingham 1458:Economics 1419:Municipal 1404:Diplomacy 1399:Corporate 1356:Distraint 1193:Municipal 1183:Debenture 1178:Corporate 599:Mr. Robot 592:(but not 584:inflation 518:Inflation 512:Inflation 491:amortized 349:net worth 325:Chapter 7 285:scripture 233:Christian 1506:Interest 1479:Internal 1475:External 1394:Consumer 1326:Bad debt 1112:Archived 863:cite web 683:BBC News 606:See also 295:—  1496:Default 1424:Venture 1414:Medical 1386:Markets 1318:Evasion 1280:history 622:Eurodad 456:slavery 256:Hurrian 252:Hittite 209:Origins 194:Goal 17 1313:  1276:Relief 787:  745:  724:online 706:  659:Survie 650:(MDRI) 629:(HIPC) 542:In art 355:, the 282:Muslim 278:Qur'an 245:Shmita 229:Judaeo 130:. The 1429:Buyer 1236:Usury 1203:Loans 1170:Bonds 855:(PDF) 565:mercy 506:wages 280:(the 267:Solon 237:Moses 1155:Debt 869:link 833:(10) 785:ISBN 743:ISBN 704:ISBN 481:and 375:and 126:and 108:NGOs 61:and 39:debt 552:by 500:or 343:In 227:(a 173:'s 157:of 147:IMF 33:or 1533:: 1088:. 1063:. 1038:. 1013:. 988:. 958:. 933:. 909:. 885:. 865:}} 861:{{ 831:15 829:. 825:. 681:. 558:c. 556:, 508:. 451:. 408:. 393:. 185:. 171:G8 138:. 116:G8 65:. 1315:· 1282:) 1278:( 1147:e 1140:t 1133:v 1098:. 1073:. 1048:. 1023:. 998:. 973:. 944:. 919:. 895:. 871:) 840:. 811:) 807:( 793:. 751:. 712:. 572:, 254:- 231:- 20:)

Index

Loan forgiveness
debt
finally paid off in 1953.
Third World debt
Latin American debt crisis
credit bubbles
housing bubbles
Konrad Adenauer
Agreement on German External Debts
war reparations
underdeveloped
developing countries
NGOs
Jubilee 2000
G8
Birmingham
International Monetary Fund
World Bank
Heavily Indebted Poor Countries
poverty reduction
conditionalities
IMF
structural adjustment
privatisation
public utilities
Poverty Reduction Strategy
G8
Gleneagles meeting
World Bank
African Development Bank

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑