800:
752:
776:
828:
728:
3966:
2832:
39:, though there are various claims without wide acceptance, which, if substantiated, would push backward the first attestation of certain languages. It also does not include inscriptions consisting of isolated words or names from a language. In most cases, some form of the language had already been spoken (and even written) considerably earlier than the dates of the earliest extant samples provided here.
7172:
9323:
All experts agree on the meaning of the second word: "I (he) grant(s)", and many consider the first word to be the name of the owner of the sword that the scabbard belonged to. Opinions vary on how this name should be read, just as the latter two words have been interpreted very differently. Keeping
7974:
7164:
751:
8697:
Falk has criticized the
Kodumanal and Porunthal claims as "particularly ill-informed"; Falk argues that some of the earliest supposed inscriptions are not Brahmi letters at all, but merely misinterpreted non-linguistic
12306:
799:
9302:
8585:
Sivanantham, R.; Seran, M., eds. (2019). Keeladi: an Urban
Settlement of Gangam Age on the Banks of the River Vigai (Report). Chennai: Department of Archaeology, Government of Tamil Nadu. pp. 8–9,
8648:
10725:
9207:
9239:"Տեկորի տաճարի V դարի հայերեն արձանագրությունը և Մեսրոպյան այբուբենի առաջին տառաձևերը [The Armenian Inscription on the Cathedral of Tekor and the Initial Forms of the Mesropian Alphabet]"
10086:
Humphrey Illo, « Quelques observations sur les
Serments de Strasbourg et sur le manuscrit qui les contient (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, latin 9768 Xe s., f. 13 recto :
4764:
727:
7431:
10298:
4161:
10396:
11558:
Voorhoeve, C. L. (1994). "Contact-induced change in the non-Austronesian languages in the north
Moluccas, Indonesia". In Dutton, Thomas Edward; Tryon, Darrell T. (eds.).
775:
17:
12298:
10422:
9310:
11815:
10032:
8285:
12820:
5553:
10006:
9978:
7388:
5755:
5025:
2520:
9131:
8639:
12283:
10715:
3088:
10776:[Has the original of the Charter of Ban Kulin been preserved? A Paleographic-linguistic study of the copies of the monument from the year 1189.],
5205:
3047:, but only a name and some numerals can be made out in certainty due to damage. An 18th century copy of a stone inscription made in 984 also exists.
13661:
13145:
7637:
3014:
14091:
14081:
13656:
9891:
5612:
5201:
16996:
14071:
14061:
13651:
13646:
13641:
5616:
12421:
11931:
Nielsen, Flemming A. J. (2012). "The
Earliest Greenlandic Bible: A Study of the Ur-Text from 1725". In Elliott, Scott S.; Boer, Roland (eds.).
10812:
7251:
van Soldt, Wilfred H. (2010). "The adaptation of
Cuneiform script to foreign languages". In De Voogt, Alexander J.; Finkel, Irving L. (eds.).
15787:
14076:
12521:
12206:
10769:
7435:
7143:
8741:
6498:
4688:
362:
Various texts from Ur during the Early
Dynastic I–II period (c. 2800 BC) show syllabic elements with clear signs of the Sumerian language.
12364:
10746:
13220:
12048:
12009:
10940:
10375:
10282:
8616:
3631:
3244:
12144:
11692:
Fakhfakh, N. (2007). Le répertoire musical de la confrérie religieuse" al-Karrâriyya" de Sfax (Tunisie) (Doctoral dissertation, Paris8).
8448:
Coningham, R.A.E.; Allchin, F.R.; Batt, C.M.; Lucy, D. (1996). "Passage to India? Anuradhapura and the Early Use of the Brahmi Script".
8041:
5562:
Although the first known text by native speakers dates to 1885, the first record of the language is a list of words recorded in 1793 by
11836:
11631:
10195:
281:. This sentence refers to the entombed king's father and translates as, "He has united the Two Lands for his son, Dual King Peribsen."
8785:
7612:
4085:
Cyrillic orthographic manual of
Constantin Kostentschi from 1420 documents earlier written usage. Four 16th century documents, namely
15819:
12878:
11359:
3206:, dated 1214, are often cited as the first documents written in Galician-Portuguese. A date prior to 1175 has been proposed for the
11158:
10343:
5402:
12751:
11901:
Nowak, Elke (1999). "The 'Eskimo language' of
Labrador: Moravian missionaries and the description of Labrador Inuttut 1733–1891".
10986:
10620:
6800:
4958:
1640:
11318:
12643:
10757:
10660:"Documentos relativos a Soeiro Pais, Urraca Mendes, sua mulher, e a Paio Soares Romeu, seu segundo filho e Notícia de Fiadores"
10260:
3338:
were considered the oldest texts in
Spanish; however, later analyses concluded them to be Aragonese and Leonese, respectively.
15009:
11396:
1108:
It is a bi-lingual inscription written in Old Arabic which was written in the undifferentiated North Arabian script (known as
898:
dating from the 6th and 5th centuries BC have not been conclusively deciphered. The earliest examples of the Central American
16889:
13138:
12833:
12809:
12784:
12719:
12697:
12675:
12653:
12595:
12559:
12497:
12358:
12225:
12174:
12078:
12042:
12003:
11940:
11670:
11567:
11542:
11509:
11484:
11294:
11256:
11231:
11206:
11096:
11065:
10970:
10934:
10698:
10588:
10563:
10538:
10513:
10455:
10369:
10328:
10133:
9850:
9825:
9800:
9740:
9715:
9690:
9638:
9613:
9551:
9526:
9447:
9418:
9409:
9345:
9286:
9172:
9059:
9026:
8993:
8853:
8819:
8779:
8721:
8610:
8544:
8519:
8431:
8393:
8356:
8203:
8170:
8124:
8071:
8035:
8008:
7958:
7925:
7892:
7793:
7717:
7692:
7606:
7552:
7527:
7475:
7368:
7335:
7268:
7235:
7202:
7119:
7094:
7058:
7004:
6922:
6889:
6834:
6794:
6761:
2560:
appears to be a copy from the 8th century; however, scholars dispute whether it is in Old Saxon or another Germanic language
15458:
10659:
9362:
Die Personennamen auf den merowingischen Monetarmünzen als Spiegel der romanisch-germanischen Sprachsynthese im Frankenreich
7064:
11625:
11002:
10908:
9088:
12464:
12265:
10397:"They discover 'the oldest written testimony in the Basque language' in a bronze from the 1st century BC found in Navarra"
3973:
2839:
14895:
13207:
12967:
10040:
6532:
3092:
1879:
13431:
11811:
9465:"The earliest dated Cambodian inscription K. 557/600 from Angkor Borei, Cambodia: an English translation and commentary"
6723:
5782:
A Kamoro wordlist recorded in 1828 by Modera and Müller, passengers on a Dutch ship, is the oldest record of any of the
11761:
6492:
4756:
96:
at the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. A very limited number of languages are attested in the area from before the
78:, are believed to have been composed before 1000 BC, but the oldest Avestan manuscripts date from the 13th century AD.
11041:
9756:
Walter, Michael L.; Beckwith, Christopher I. (2010). "The Dating and Interpretation of the Old Tibetan Inscriptions".
8278:
8256:
16657:
16643:
16613:
15752:
13112:
12138:
10292:
10224:
10071:
9937:
9921:
9877:
9391:
8569:
6965:
9948:
Marco Mostert, 'Communicating the Faith: The Circle of Boniface, Germanic Vernaculars, Frisian and Saxon Converts',
4028:
3977:
2843:
16875:
15592:
14989:
13131:
8917:
3190:
13436:
17021:
15315:
14576:
12611:
10774:"Da li je sačuvan original isprave Kulina bana, Paleografijsko-jezična studija o primjercima isprave iz g. 1189."
10663:
9843:
Indonesian Palaeography: A History of Writing in Indonesia from the Beginnings to C. A.D. 1500, Volume 4, Issue 1
6267:
5121:
2767:
1956:
1629:
986:
employed a slightly modified Phoenician alphabet, hence the uncertainty between which language is attested here.
10481:
7395:
16882:
15448:
15087:
11694:
11584:Álvarez Sancho, Isabel; Lamar Prieto, Covadonga; Menéndez Fernández, Claudia Elena; Valbuena, Miriam Villazón.
9488:
9094:
8812:
Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages
8685:
5563:
4740:
1756:
15557:
15082:
14140:
13061:
12871:
11355:
10785:
9116:
6249:
6109:
5356:
4889:
4863:
14419:
12460:
New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study, Volume 1: Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene
7165:"לחשים בקדם־כנענית בכתבי הפירמידות: סקירה ראשונה של תולדות העברית באלף השלישי לפסה"נ | האקדמיה ללשון העברית"
461:
Ugaritic is the earliest Northwest Semitic language to be unambiguously attested within its native context,
16868:
16847:
14135:
13910:
13426:
13202:
12962:
11006:
9818:
Le De Excidio Britanniae de Gildas. Les destinées de la culture latine dans l'île de Bretagne au VIe siècle
6713:
1625:
178:
36:
12106:
9932:, ed. by Ulrike Zellmann, Angelika Lehmann-Benz and Urban Küsters (Düsseldorf: Grupello, 2004), pp. 21–37
7633:
5504:
5498:
2739:
42:
A written record may encode a stage of a language corresponding to an earlier time, either as a result of
17016:
17001:
16748:
16727:
15407:
15402:
15097:
14999:
13521:
13212:
12688:(1999), "The Shang: China's first historical dynasty", in Loewe, Michael; Shaughnessy, Edward L. (eds.),
11585:
10835:
8699:
6671:
4723:
2763:
710:
445:
6957:
4247:
498:
3100 BC remains undeciphered; the identity of the language communicated thereby is unknown. The date of
17011:
16815:
15412:
14979:
14392:
13453:
12896:
11853:, London, 1975.., pp. 98–99; T. Vernet, "Les cités-Etats swahili et la puissance omanaise (1650–1720),
10773:
10747:
https://arnastofnun.is/sites/default/files/2022-04/sverrir_to_masson_2002_old_icelandic_manuscripts.pdf
10106:
83-92 ; G. de Poerck, « Le manuscrit B.N. lat. 9768 et les Serments de Strasbourg », in
9248:
8485:"Palaeographical Development of the Brahmi Script in Ceylon from 3rd Century B. C. to 7th Century A. D"
6444:
5408:
5039:
3768:
2974:
1671:
14145:
13463:
11247:
Schmalstieg, Walter R. (1998). "The Baltic Languages". In Ramat, Anna Giacalone; Ramat, Paolo (eds.).
4509:
3810:
46:, or because the earliest source is a copy of an older manuscript that was lost. An oral tradition of
15065:
14787:
14340:
13927:
13107:
12794:
Woodard, Roger D. (2008), "Language in ancient Europe: an introduction", in Woodard, Roger D. (ed.),
11867:
11586:"Asturian: History, contemporary status, and overview of its linguistic and cultural characteristics"
7019:
The oldest known Akk text is a hymn to the sungod Šamaš⁵ found in Ereš (Tell Abū Ṣalābīḫ, ca. 2600).⁶
6589:
6099:
5803:
4339:
3445:
3354:
3229:
2617:
2245:
1910:
1002:
860:
317:
12390:
10800:
4599:
17006:
16565:
16551:
15856:
14439:
14242:
13458:
12864:
11873:
9243:
8116:
7950:
7785:
7227:
6982:
6728:
6683:
6667:
6283:
5908:
5602:
5142:
3654:
3594:
2573:
1562:
612:
127:
50:
may typically bridge a few centuries, and in rare cases, over a millennium. An extreme case is the
16170:
13586:
12517:
12254:
Dupratz, P. (1864). Lettre du P. Dupratz. Annales de l'Oeuvre pontificale de la Sainte-Enfance, 6.
12231:
7543:
Tropper, Josef; Vita, Juan-Pablo (2019). "Ugaritic". In Huehnergard, John; Pat-El, Na'ama (eds.).
7519:
7285:
7110:
Huehnergard, John; Woods, Christopher (2008). "Akkadian and Eblaite". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
4760:
4536:
4389:
16854:
15882:
14839:
14516:
14495:
14375:
14355:
14187:
13858:
13762:
13239:
13197:
13154:
13020:
13000:
12977:
12946:
12920:
12707:
10961:
Sidwell, Paul; Jenny, Mathias (2021). "MSEA epigraphy". In Sidwell, Paul; Jenny, Mathias (eds.).
9930:»Wider den Müßiggang ...« Niederländisches Mittelalterim Spiegel von Kunst, Kult und Politik
9571:
7733:
Cook, Edward M. (1994). "On the Linguistic Dating of the Phoenician Ahiram Inscription (KAI 1)".
7135:
6789:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Department of Sanskrit and Indian Studies. pp. 257–348.
6708:
5918:
5742:
2557:
1794:
274:
147:
10344:
https://wanthalf.saga.cz/dokumenty/faerstina/zdroje/nejstarsi_pisemnosti/GR_medieval_sources.pdf
8737:
8422:
Ray, Himanshu Prabha (2006). "Inscribed pots, emerging identities". In Olivelle, Patrick (ed.).
1762:
1318:
859:, alphabetic writing spread across the Near East and southern Europe. With the emergence of the
15572:
14511:
14501:
14434:
13944:
13377:
12343:
11534:
11088:
11082:
9682:
9605:
9278:
7457:
7384:
7260:
6951:
6914:
6329:
6089:
6037:
6025:
4879:
3563:
3223:
217:
167:
12587:
12551:
12032:
11993:
10987:
https://arnastofnun.is/sites/default/files/2022-04/frederiksen_2002_old_danish_manuscripts.pdf
10924:
10359:
9867:
The Saxon Genesis: An Edition of the West Saxon 'Genesis B' and the Old Saxon Vatican 'Genesis
9792:
9518:
9164:
9051:
9043:
9018:
8598:
8348:
8340:
8195:
8187:
8162:
7917:
7360:
7327:
5424:
5372:
3839:
2047:
There is no consensus on the interpretation of the text, leading to the language uncertainty.
16956:
16861:
16650:
16599:
16059:
15981:
15745:
15684:
15669:
15238:
15117:
14859:
14819:
14551:
14227:
13411:
13399:
13372:
13357:
12777:
The Language of the Gods in the World of Men: Sanskrit, Culture, and Power in Premodern India
12207:"The Gamilaraay (Kamilaroi) Language, northern New South Wales — A Brief History of Research"
12128:
11661:(1997). "The Development of the Pashto Script". In Akiner, Shirin; Sims-Williams, N. (eds.).
11030:
10094:
col.) : commentaire, transcription critique, étude codicologique, fac-similé », in
8025:
7030:
Andrew George, "Babylonian and Assyrian: A History of Akkadian", In: Postgate, J. N., (ed.),
6219:
5266:
5091:
4623:
4241:
3701:
3416:
3398:
3203:
2476:
2263:
2042:
1283:
1278:
887:
133:
15664:
14869:
12801:
12795:
12579:
12543:
11610:
11526:
10758:
https://arnastofnun.is/sites/default/files/2022-04/rindal_2002_old_norwegian_manuscripts.pdf
10192:
9919:
Utrecht zwischen York und Fulda: Anfänge niederländischer Schriftlichkeit im Frühmittelalter
9784:
9674:
9597:
9510:
9270:
9156:
9010:
8154:
8108:
7942:
7909:
7880:
7777:
7511:
7352:
7319:
7252:
7219:
6906:
5338:
4396:
4166:
4080:
2918:
16720:
16471:
16148:
15644:
15299:
15263:
14668:
14591:
14424:
14172:
14162:
14001:
13984:
13300:
12957:
12299:"Portugueses e espanhóis assinam protocolo para promoção das línguas mirandesa e asturiana"
11658:
10720:
9305:[Runic inscription with the oldest Dutch(?)]. Museum piece information (in Dutch).
8885:
8764:
8264:
7594:
6780:"The Development of the Vedic Canon and its Schools : The Social and Political Milieu"
6698:
6296:
5981:
5585:
5260:
5179:
4848:
4610:, purporting to date from the 8th century, is considered by most scholars to be a forgery.
4316:
3650:
3300:
3140:
2892:
2794:
2679:
2524:
2316:
1743:
1686:
1581:
1338:
491:
266:
186:
12272:(in Portuguese). Lisbon: Universidade de Lisboa. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09.
11343:
10492:
10470:
10096:
Bulletin de la Société des Fouilles Archéologiques et des Monuments Historiques de l'Yonne
9542:
Mahdi, Waruno (2005). "Old Malay". In Adelaar, Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. (eds.).
7941:
Nebes, Norbert; Stein, Peter (2008). "Ancient South Arabian". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
7467:
7461:
4033:
8:
15547:
15443:
15165:
14688:
13394:
12742:
12575:
12213:
10641:
9567:
8507:
8109:
7943:
7778:
7512:
7220:
6641:
6273:
6149:
6069:
6029:
6003:
5925:
5842:
5836:
5528:
5396:
4563:
4155:
4049:
4019:
3804:
3568:
3513:
3328:
3248:
3184:
2988:
2753:
2623:
2373:
1977:
1728:
1678:
973:
932:
875:
836:
642:
151:
97:
13710:
11419:
Balandier, Georges, Le royaume de Kongo du XVIe au XVIIIe siècle, Hachette, 1965, p. 58.
11143:
10909:
https://arnastofnun.is/sites/default/files/2022-04/westlund_2002_latin_script_sweden.pdf
8889:
3519:
3198:
2626:(842), traditionally considered the first Old French text, dates from the 11th century.
16706:
16683:
16317:
16206:
16196:
16088:
16031:
16017:
15974:
15679:
15562:
15397:
15289:
15248:
15202:
15197:
15092:
15074:
14742:
14673:
14638:
14586:
14399:
14387:
13798:
13720:
13621:
13176:
13066:
12915:
12729:
Macdonald, M. C. A. (2000), "Reflections on the linguistic map of pre-Islamic Arabia",
12685:
12413:
12409:
12072:"The Sydney Language Notebooks and responses to language contact in early colonial NSW"
11910:
11753:
10174:
10166:
9765:
9480:
9013:
From Ancient Cham to Modern Dialects: Two Thousand Years of Language Contact and Change
8966:
8958:
8909:
8465:
7861:
7853:
7818:
7758:
7750:
7044:
7010:
6779:
6718:
6703:
6612:
6583:
6229:
6199:
6172:
6018:
5992:
5896:
5066:
4628:
4368:
4311:
3588:
3475:
3393:
3259:
3055:
2978:
2914:
2322:
2007:
1838:
1667:
883:
864:
758:
706:
485:
202:
101:
87:
15939:
15597:
11113:
10608:
4274:
2126:
16829:
16822:
16558:
16544:
16456:
16345:
16255:
16234:
16213:
16141:
16073:
15932:
15890:
15842:
15577:
15567:
15212:
15207:
15112:
15107:
15014:
14969:
14792:
14772:
14762:
14752:
14747:
14683:
14678:
14606:
14541:
14526:
14476:
14471:
14414:
14350:
14308:
14150:
14036:
13959:
13475:
13470:
13347:
12829:
12805:
12780:
12715:
12693:
12671:
12649:
12591:
12580:
12555:
12544:
12520:(in Italian). Trieste: Associazione di Amicizia Italo-Romena Decebal. pp. 6–13.
12493:
12354:
12277:
12221:
12170:
12134:
12038:
11999:
11936:
11830:
11711:
11666:
11621:
11563:
11538:
11527:
11505:
11480:
11311:
11290:
11287:
Vers les sources des langues romanes: un itinéraire linguistique à travers la Romania
11252:
11227:
11202:
11092:
11061:
10966:
10930:
10864:
10694:
10584:
10559:
10534:
10509:
10451:
10423:"Researchers claim to have found earliest document written in Basque 2,100 years ago"
10365:
10324:
10288:
10220:
10178:
10129:
10067:
9933:
9873:
9846:
9821:
9796:
9785:
9736:
9711:
9686:
9675:
9634:
9609:
9598:
9547:
9522:
9511:
9484:
9443:
9414:
9387:
9341:
9282:
9271:
9168:
9157:
9084:
9055:
9022:
9011:
8989:
8970:
8901:
8849:
8815:
8775:
8717:
8606:
8565:
8540:
8515:
8469:
8427:
8389:
8352:
8307:
8199:
8166:
8155:
8120:
8067:
8031:
8004:
7954:
7921:
7910:
7888:
7881:
7865:
7789:
7762:
7713:
7688:
7602:
7548:
7523:
7471:
7364:
7353:
7331:
7320:
7264:
7253:
7231:
7198:
7115:
7090:
7054:
7014:
7000:
6961:
6918:
6907:
6885:
6877:
6830:
6790:
6757:
6645:
6633:
6606:
6516:
6277:
6223:
6103:
6061:
6014:
5967:
5957:
5889:
5881:
5875:
5557:
5308:
5291:
5055:
4527:
4412:
4210:
4134:
4075:
3833:
3786:
3764:
3625:
3492:
3321:
3115:
3079:
3040:
2800:
2707:
2639:
2550:
2450:
2418:
2399:
2084:
2073:
2065:
2033:
1853:
1723:
1598:
1586:
1557:
1532:
1418:
1353:
1210:
1123:
1077:
1055:
1037:
997:
895:
879:
852:
844:
738:
680:
572:
391:
374:
311:
292:-like and confined to semi-grammatical captions, labels, and proper names. See also,
261:
196:
141:
137:
109:
74:
12329:
North Queensland Ethnography, Bulletin 2: The Structure of the Koko Yimidir Language
12034:
Beyond the Slave Narrative: Politics, Sex, and Manuscripts in the Haitian Revolution
10252:
8913:
8311:
6984:
History of the Akkadian Language (Volume 1: Linguistic Background and Early Periods)
5081:
3593:
Some scholars argue that the stele is a forgery. The next oldest inscription is the
550:
16963:
16901:
16794:
16755:
16741:
16699:
16574:
16520:
16501:
16435:
16427:
16413:
16406:
16331:
16127:
16102:
16038:
16010:
15925:
15911:
15828:
15801:
15738:
15649:
15552:
15374:
15217:
14844:
14824:
14814:
14809:
14693:
14449:
14382:
14370:
14335:
14330:
14313:
14252:
14217:
14177:
13979:
13974:
13922:
13873:
13757:
13691:
13631:
13581:
13526:
13443:
13421:
13406:
13352:
13342:
13276:
13091:
12930:
12763:
12738:
12405:
12218:
Encountering Aboriginal languages: studies in the history of Australian linguistics
11717:
11525:
Korhonen, Mikko (1988). "The history of the Lapp language". In Sinor, Denis (ed.).
11457:
11384:
11114:"Graphemic borromings from Chinese: the case of Chữ Nôm – Vietnam's demotic script"
11042:
https://www.ilonas.net/valal/pdf/Kacala_Krajcovic_Prehlad_dejin_spis_slovenciny.pdf
10891:
10609:"The Earliest Dated Document in Newari: The Palmleaf From Ukū Bāhāh NS 235/AD 1114"
10355:
10158:
10039:. Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales. Archived from
9596:
Emmerick, Ronald E. (2009). "Khotanese and Tumshuqese". In Windfuhr, Gernot (ed.).
9472:
9368:, edited by Wolfgang Haubrichs, Christa Jochum-Godglück, 2019, p. 78ff., here p. 80
9324:
in mind the function of the piece, some academics read the last word as "sword(s)".
9234:
9212:
8950:
8893:
8702:, which were used in South India for several centuries during the pre-literate era.
8457:
8232:
7845:
7742:
7297:
6992:
6988:
6526:
6455:
6385:
6187:
6181:
6165:
6129:
5953:
5942:
5929:
5885:
5783:
5722:
5548:
5282:
5004:
4780:
4668:
4500:
4480:
4384:
4362:
4185:
4114:
4058:
3895:
3866:
3760:
3661:
3428:
3410:
3349:
3334:
3316:
3294:
3163:
3044:
3031:
3009:
2933:
2909:
2887:
2811:
2788:
2784:
2701:
2685:
2348:
2267:
2257:
2224:
1924:
1810:
1441:
1403:
1313:
1295:
1230:
1151:
1073:
1017:
950:
871:
563:
541:
516:
476:
426:
322:
123:
117:
16801:
15996:
15622:
15273:
14643:
12767:
12071:
5378:
4572:
3039:
A brief Burmese inscription appears in a copper-gilded umbrella also inscribed in
827:
228:
16787:
16479:
16420:
16366:
16359:
16338:
16324:
16308:
16286:
16241:
16134:
16109:
16081:
16066:
15989:
15967:
15960:
15918:
15878:
15849:
15537:
15507:
15330:
15253:
15019:
14949:
14854:
14802:
14782:
14718:
14708:
14698:
14663:
14628:
14623:
14618:
14531:
14486:
14481:
14365:
14360:
14207:
14197:
14051:
14016:
14011:
13991:
13885:
13843:
13783:
13666:
13636:
13546:
13506:
13448:
13382:
13362:
13310:
13293:
13281:
11698:
11199:
Language Policy in the People's Republic of China: Theory and Practice since 1949
10920:
10667:
10199:
9925:
8599:"Situating Iron Age moduments in South Asia: a textual and ethnographic approach"
8260:
7222:
The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State
7048:
6661:
6650:
6477:
6257:
6253:
6239:
6235:
6203:
6155:
6083:
5996:
5985:
5861:
5771:
5651:
5348:
5020:
4952:
4832:
4655:
4589:
4559:
4555:
4346:
4268:
3881:
3744:
3557:
3438:
3375:
3144:
2995:
2982:
2954:
2734:
2714:
2441:
2396:
2141:
2104:
2018:
1895:
1833:
1782:
1436:
1188:
1167:
969:
899:
659:
637:
591:
455:
400:
278:
210:
155:
113:
14984:
14167:
12451:
11792:(in Icelandic). Árnastofnun / The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
11722:
11583:
9476:
8313:
A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary
3844:
1753:
16924:
16808:
16692:
16672:
16581:
16449:
16380:
16279:
16227:
16220:
16052:
16045:
16024:
16003:
15904:
15897:
15704:
15659:
15587:
15582:
15433:
15417:
15392:
15335:
15325:
15320:
15160:
15034:
14994:
14964:
14910:
14905:
14900:
14874:
14849:
14797:
14737:
14703:
14653:
14601:
14566:
14521:
14491:
14444:
14404:
14303:
14257:
14212:
14130:
14066:
14021:
14006:
13969:
13949:
13917:
13905:
13853:
13848:
13838:
13828:
13823:
13740:
13725:
13715:
13681:
13671:
13616:
13601:
13566:
13416:
13320:
13268:
13158:
13030:
13015:
12887:
12642:(1999), "Shang Archaeology", in Loewe, Michael; Shaughnessy, Edward L. (eds.),
12485:
12458:
10604:
10212:
9306:
9269:
Clackson, James P.T. (2008). "Classical Armenian". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
9208:"Historian's study pushes earliest record of Kannada writing back by a century"
7809:
Silvan, Daniel (1998). "The Gezer Calendar and Northwest Semitic Linguistics".
7389:"Where Do We Go From Here? And How Can the Linear B Tablets Help Us Get There?"
6434:
6409:
6352:
6261:
6243:
6123:
6077:
5946:
5936:
5751:
5702:
5681:
5671:
5444:
5329:
5195:
5137:
5109:
5087:
4929:
4786:
4703:
4551:
4333:
4291:
3369:
3135:
2959:
2425:
2402:
from the 4th century consist of personal names, patronymics and/or clan names.
2271:
2109:
2022:
2013:
1859:
1655:
1384:
978:
856:
503:
285:
51:
43:
15134:
11477:
The Huarochirí Manuscript: A Testament of Ancient and Colonial Andean Religion
9654:
Wedekind, Klaus (2010). "More on the Ostracon of Browne's Textus Blemmyicus".
8954:
8461:
8107:
Macdonald, M.C.A (2008). "Ancient North Arabian". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
6996:
4906:
3817:
2292:
Some fragments of Khotanese Saka have been dated to the 5th and 6th centuries
2149:
Telugu place names are found in Prakrit inscriptions from the 2nd century AD.
288:, are known from 3300 BC on, although these instances of written Egyptian are
16990:
16931:
16780:
16713:
16636:
16606:
16464:
16442:
16373:
16269:
16248:
16095:
15953:
15871:
15864:
15835:
15794:
15709:
15699:
15694:
15481:
15175:
14834:
14777:
14429:
14202:
14086:
14041:
13996:
13964:
13813:
13730:
13703:
13676:
13606:
13591:
13576:
13531:
13288:
13056:
12822:
Visible Language: Inventions of Writing in the Ancient Middle East and Beyond
12639:
11738:
11461:
11347:
10868:
10556:
Diglossia and Language Contact: Language Variation and Change in North Africa
10482:
https://ia601305.us.archive.org/5/items/cu31924008747788/cu31924008747788.pdf
9407:
Düwel, Klaus (2004). "Runic". In Murdoch, Brian; Read, Malcolm Kevin (eds.).
8237:
8220:
6623:
6416:
6213:
6191:
6119:
6093:
6057:
5900:
5820:
5812:
5677:
5608:
5579:
5227:
5175:
5003:
A list of 17 words was recorded in 1576 by Christopher Hall, an assistant to
4823:
4682:
4429:
4194:
3943:
3925:
3790:
3721:
3583:
3274:
3169:
3096:
2663:
2568:
2529:
2342:
2300:
2281:
1988:
1874:
1682:
1475:
1084:
810:
734:
664:
596:
568:
451:
297:
270:
232:
224:
13750:
10895:
8943:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
8897:
2939:
16387:
16352:
16293:
15780:
15542:
15438:
15351:
15243:
15144:
14954:
14767:
14732:
14713:
14648:
14536:
14298:
14222:
14031:
14026:
13937:
13932:
13868:
13808:
13788:
13745:
13735:
13686:
13571:
13551:
13541:
13389:
13367:
13325:
13123:
13086:
12663:
11785:
11139:
8905:
8251:
7836:
Fulco, William J. (1978). "The Ammn Citadel Inscription: A New Collation".
7087:
Sargonic Akkadian: A Historical and Comparative Study of the Syllabic Texts
6678:
6619:
6362:
6145:
6113:
5868:
5777:
5635:
5168:
4803:
4606:
3901:
3646:
3100:
3084:
2803:, but the language has been disputed between Marathi and Konkani scholars.
2599:
2514:
2183:
2167:
1951:
1900:
1690:
1520:
1515:
5th century BC inscriptions on potsherds found in Kodumanal, Porunthal and
1447:
1301:
983:
481:
431:
384:
334:
192:
14596:
11312:"A categoria gramatical de género do português antigo ao português actual"
10149:
Geary, Patrick J. (1999). "Land, Language and Memory in Europe 700–1100".
9918:
8064:
The Latin dialect of the Ager Faliscus: 150 years of scholarship, Volume 1
7301:
4222:
Breve y mas compendiosa doctrina cristiana en lengua mexicana y castellana
1513:, a site that was occupied between the 6th century BC and 1st century AD.
16970:
16734:
16665:
15946:
15637:
15497:
15258:
15102:
14959:
14864:
14633:
14561:
14546:
14454:
14247:
14157:
14056:
14046:
13900:
13863:
13818:
13803:
13778:
13698:
13626:
13611:
13315:
12839:
7998:
6596:
6539:
6487:
6395:
6209:
6051:
6007:
5971:
5685:
5620:
5469:
5115:
4752:
3919:
3851:
3676:
3468:
2758:
2657:
2471:
2413:
2337:
2204:
1972:
1932:
Some Tocharian names and words have been found in Prakrit documents from
1766:
1633:
1608:
1333:
1022:
701:
645:
monumental inscriptions, Cuneiform Luwian tablets in the Hattusa archives
412:
345:
338:
171:
47:
12452:"A hundred years of Papuan Linguistic Research: Western New Guinea Area"
12417:
11914:
11757:
10926:
A history of Indian literature, AD.500–1399: from courtly to the popular
9769:
9081:
Rules of Engagement: Medieval Traditions of Buddhist Monastic Regulation
8870:
7822:
7460:(1996). "Aegean scripts". In Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (eds.).
5808:
small booklet published with praises of their kings and a little history
4667:
Before 1700, lyrics of songs were not written in Tunisian Arabic but in
3236:
3235:
There are isolated fragments in earlier charters such as the charter of
2429:
begin at 650, but extant manuscripts postdate the Tibetan occupation of
2096:
Copy of a text originally written in the first half of the 5th century.
1883:
269:
constituting the earliest complete sentence known, found in the tomb of
15627:
15602:
15170:
14613:
14103:
14098:
13954:
13895:
13536:
13071:
12615:
10253:"Kamat's Potpourri- The origin and development of the Konkani language"
10170:
7857:
6752:
Jamison, Stephanie W. (2008). "Sanskrit". In Woodward, Roger D. (ed.).
6345:
6133:
5787:
5631:
4857:
3781:
3608:
2612:
2368:
2121:
1983:
1659:
1604:
1503:
1454:
400 BC, and range from isolated letters to names in the genitive case.
1264:
1255:
1109:
1103:
1097:
805:
Ox scapula inscribed with three records of divinations in the reign of
293:
8962:
7754:
6321:
1506:(Other authors give dates from late 3rd century BC to 1st century AD.)
1263:
The Taymanitic script is mentioned in an 8th century BC document from
578:
16938:
16917:
16910:
15689:
15526:
15222:
15189:
15024:
14915:
14464:
14192:
14108:
13833:
13040:
13035:
13025:
12103:"The notebooks of William Dawes on the Aboriginal language of Sydney"
11956:
Baker, Philip; Mühlhäusler, Peter (1990). "From Business to Pidgin".
9983:
8087:
Wallace, Rex E. (1998). "Recent Research on Sabellian Inscriptions".
6339:
5508:
5489:
5254:
4995:
4975:
4464:
4459:
Early literary works were mainly based on dialects underlying modern
4451:
4225:
3774:
3685:
3434:
2594:
2541:
2491:
2388:
2240:
2162:
2058:
2037:
1982:
A date of 350 has been claimed for the Tagarthi inscription found in
1663:
1493:
1479:
1129:
626:
These are mostly administrative lists, with some complete sentences.
522:
405:
395:
330:
326:
163:
93:
15632:
11691:
11445:
10162:
9783:
Schaeffer, Kurtis R.; Kapstein, Matthew; Tuttle, Gray, eds. (2013).
9464:
9076:
8673:
8484:
7849:
1933:
855:
language, though only one or two words have been deciphered. In the
15654:
15617:
15612:
15492:
15453:
15294:
15053:
14938:
14829:
14571:
14459:
14409:
14280:
13793:
13596:
13556:
13337:
13330:
13181:
13010:
13005:
12995:
12925:
12910:
10851:
Sims-Williams, Patrick (2005). "A New Brittonic Gloss on Boethius:
8844:
Bricker, Victoria R. (2008). "Mayab". In Woodward, Roger D. (ed.).
7746:
7193:
Stolper, Matthew W. (2008). "Elamite". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
5760:
Compilation of Istro-Romanian popular words, proverbs and stories.
5062:
4460:
4349:
graffiti in Crimea show some Crimean Gothic influence in spelling.
3876:
3681:
3450:
2430:
2287:
1816:
1620:
1499:
1373:
Inscriptions from the early 6th century consist of isolated names.
1363:
782:
617:
206:
35:
recording a complete sentence in the language. It does not include
28:
15674:
12856:
11976:
11611:"The Caucasian language material in Evliya Çelebi's 'Travel Book'"
11182:
Wulff, Christine. "Zwei Finnische Sätze aus dem 15. Jahrhundert".
10583:. Chicago Linguistic Society, University of Chicago. p. 242.
9379:
8941:
Henning, W. B. (1948). "The Date of the Sogdian Ancient Letters".
3752:
Toponyms, personal names and glosses are found from 11th century.
577:
Isolated Hittite words and names occur in Assyrian texts found at
284:
So-called "proto-hieroglyphic" inscriptions, such as those on the
15761:
15268:
15139:
15029:
15004:
14890:
14727:
14581:
14556:
14325:
14232:
13880:
13494:
13305:
12990:
11385:"A Catalogue of Pre-1840 Nahuatl Works Held by The Lilly Library"
8984:
Gragg, Gene (2008). "Ge'ez (Aksum)". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
8641:
Iron Age – Early Historic Transition in South India: an appraisal
7351:
Melchert, H. Craig (2008). "Palaic". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
6139:
3929:
3536:
2546:
2306:
2219:
1961:
Inscription #2, made around the same time, is currently missing.
1904:
1510:
1469:
1216:
1061:
956:
806:
714:
621:
380:
69:
56:
32:
12828:, Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago,
12165:
Ghosh, Arun (2008). "Sandali". In Anderson, Gregory D.S. (ed.).
10219:(7th revised ed.). New York: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 9.
7879:
Wilhelm, Gernot (2008). "Urartian". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
7318:
Watkins, Calvert (2008). "Hittite". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
7136:"Earliest Semitic Text Revealed In Egyptian Pyramid Inscription"
1658:, we have for the first time languages with earliest records in
16762:
14506:
14318:
14237:
14182:
13890:
13561:
13076:
12102:
10508:(illustrated ed.). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
8223:[New Research on the Language on the Stele of Lemnos].
7908:
Brixhe, Claude (2008). "Phrygian". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
7776:
Creason, Stuart (2008). "Aramaic". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
7510:
Pardee, Dennis (2008). "Ugaritic". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
6568:
6557:
6549:
6508:
6426:
6377:
4661:
3061:
2198:
2189:
1566:
1516:
1367:
1236:
1173:
937:
832:
762:
686:
648:
Isolated hieroglyphs appear on seals from the 18th century BC.
526:
458:, written in hieroglyphic script but unintelligible as Egyptian
9960:
9958:
9872:, Madison, Wisconsin / London: University of Wisconsin, 1991,
8001:
Part 2 of The Cambridge Ancient History: The Hellenistic World
7710:
Lost Languages: The Enigma of the World's Undeciphered Scripts
894:
600 BC has not been deciphered. The few brief inscriptions in
15129:
15124:
14974:
14757:
14658:
14345:
13256:
12985:
10997:
Christine Peel. "Guta Saga – The History of the Gotlanders,"
10445:
9190:
9188:
9186:
9184:
6470:
5816:
5453:
5238:
5211:
5152:
5035:
4885:
3068:
Isolated words are found in glossaries from the 8th century.
2496:
1788:
1542:
1390:
1240:
1194:
1141:
786:
289:
11222:
Bhat, D.N.S. (2015) . "Tulu". In Steever, Sanford B. (ed.).
10882:
Breeze, Andrew (2007). "The Old Cornish Gloss on Boethius".
9820:(in French). Publications de la Sorbonne. pp. 171–172.
9238:
8765:"Sassanian Iran: Intellectual Life, Part One: Written Works"
7999:
F. W. Walbank; A. E. Astin; M. W. Frederiksen, eds. (1990).
7574:
5556:, written in pencil on a board in the then recently created
15607:
15502:
13081:
12692:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 232–291,
12648:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 124–231,
9955:
8869:
Saturno, William A.; Stuart, David; Beltrán, Boris (2006).
7652:
7286:"Two Remarkable Vocabularies: Amorite-Akkadian Bilinguals!"
7034:. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, pp. 31–71.
6825:
Hale, Mark (2008). "Avestan". In Woodward, Roger D. (ed.).
3726:
1538:
1408:
Transalpine Gaulish inscriptions in Massiliote Greek script
1359:
906:
500 BC, but a proposed decipherment remains controversial.
349:
11786:"AM 987 4to / Vocabula Gallica. Basque-Icelandic Glossary"
11031:
https://www.juls.savba.sk/ediela/ks/1981/9/ks1981-9.lq.pdf
9181:
8279:"Celtic in northern Italy: Lepontic and Cisalpine Gaulish"
6724:
Ancient literature § Incomplete list of ancient texts
11978:
Beskrifning öfwer de til Sweriges krona lydande lapmarker
7562:
1465:
870:
There is only fragmentary evidence for languages such as
10963:
The Languages and Linguistics of Mainland Southeast Asia
10716:"Professor encontra primeiro texto escrito em português"
9656:
Annali dell'Università Degli Studi di Napoli l'Orientale
8447:
7432:"Clay tablets inscribed with records in Linear B script"
6981:
Vita, Juan-Pablo, ed. (2021). "Akkadian and Cuneiform".
5638:
was the first written record of an Australian language.
3087:(variously dated to between the 10th and 12th century),
2622:
The earliest surviving manuscript with the text for the
1509:
Pottery inscribed with personal names has been found at
12604:
12518:"La lingua, la storia, la tradizione degli istroromeni"
10493:
https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/5/oa_monograph/chapter/2277050
10471:
https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/5/oa_monograph/chapter/2277050
10321:
Rätoromanisch: eine Einführung in das Bündnerromanische
10233:
9782:
9366:
Kulturelle Integration und Personennamen im Mittelalter
9079:. In Andrews, Susan; Chen, Jinhua; Liu, Cuilan (eds.).
8424:
Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE
8134:
7412:
3247:(1055). Some scholars believe that the language of the
761:
sent by the high-priest Lu'enna, informing the king of
353:
10007:"Historians contest antiquity of Edakkal inscriptions"
9083:. Numata Center for Buddhist Studies. pp. 67–92.
8678:
Zeitschrift für Archäologie Außereuropäischer Kulturen
8601:. In Robbins Schug, Gwen; Walimbe, Subhash R. (eds.).
8263:, by David Stifter, Martin Braun and Michela Vignoli,
8221:"Neues zur Sprache der Stele von Lemnos (Erster Teil)"
7599:
Visible Speech. The Diverse Oneness of Writing Systems
7493:
7491:
7489:
7487:
11981:. Umeå, Sweden: Två förläggare bokförlag. p. 77.
11560:
Language Contact and Change in the Austronesian World
10506:
The Mists of Rāmañña: The Legend that was Lower Burma
8986:
The Ancient Languages of Mesopotamia, Egypt and Aksum
8403:
7838:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
7195:
The Ancient Languages of Mesopotamia, Egypt and Aksum
7112:
The Ancient Languages of Mesopotamia, Egypt and Aksum
12463:. Australian National University. pp. 117–141.
11935:. Society of Biblical Literature. pp. 113–137.
11431:
Crimean Gothic: Analysis and Etymology of the Corpus
11012:
10640:
8868:
8537:
Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature
8365:
7664:
3613:
manuscripts AM 37 4to, AM 24 4to, SKB C 37, SKB B 74
2582:
dating back to 3rd or late 4th century is contested.
64:
1500 BC, while the oldest known manuscripts date to
12189:
11716:(PhD thesis). University of California, San Diego.
9440:
The Old Korean Language Inscribed on Wooden Tablets
8111:
The Ancient Languages of Syria-Palestine and Arabia
8066:. University of Amsterdam Press. pp. 393–406.
7945:
The Ancient Languages of Syria-Palestine and Arabia
7780:
The Ancient Languages of Syria-Palestine and Arabia
7514:
The Ancient Languages of Syria-Palestine and Arabia
7484:
6855:
6843:
4746:
Vocabulário da Língua Geral dos Índios das Américas
2721:800) is considered a mixture of Italian and Latin.
2208:(720) have been transmitted in copied manuscripts.
835:epitaph is the earliest substantial inscription in
737:, containing the oldest known complete sentence in
12220:. Australian National University. pp. 37–58.
11121:Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology
10284:A History of Konkani Literature: From 1500 to 1992
8772:History of Civilizations of Central Asia, volume 3
7685:Thracian Language and Greek and Thracian Epigraphy
7313:
7311:
6931:
4224:(1539) was possibly the first printed book in the
12391:"A last look at Cook's Guugu Yimidhirr word list"
11475:Salomon, Frank; Urioste, George L., eds. (1991).
11450:NOWELE. North-Western European Language Evolution
11443:
10999:Viking Society for Northern Research Text Series.
9544:The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar
9377:
8848:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 163–1922.
8320:
4101:, are arguably copies of 15th century originals.
3948:inscriptions in an adaptation of Malayalam script
166:towards the end of the second millennium BC, the
16988:
12282:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
12126:
11955:
11352:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
11317:. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto.
10693:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 177–178.
10354:
9892:Language and history in the early Germanic world
9735:. Maynooth, Co. Kildare: An Sagart. p. 51.
8988:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 211–237.
8674:"Owner's graffiti on pottery from Tissamaharama"
8584:
8316:. Boston: The Athenaeum Press. pp. 247–248.
8152:
7887:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 105–123.
7687:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 3–17.
7109:
6872:
6870:
6829:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 101–122.
4216:Doctrina cristiana en lengua española y mexicana
3843:, a baptismal formula in a letter of Archbishop
3785:are written in a language ancestral to Bengali,
2321:Hpayahtaung funeral urn inscription of kings of
2093:(Biblioteca Nazionale Universitaria, MS G.V. 26)
1643:(shortly after 150 AD) is the oldest long text.
1395:Coin legends date from the late 5th century BC.
344:"proto-literate" period from about 3500 BC (see
12030:
11309:
7601:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 89–121.
7308:
7290:Revue d'Assyriologie et d'Archéologie Orientale
7283:
7277:
7114:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 83–145.
7043:
5353:Das Nord-und Ostliche Theil von Europa und Asia
4024:hand-written Lord's Prayer, Hail Mary and Creed
843:The earliest known alphabetic inscriptions, at
12349:. In Dixon, R. M. W.; Blake, Barry J. (eds.).
12266:"A descoberta do mirandês – Marcos principais"
11474:
10713:
10446:Josep Moran; Joan Anton Rabella, eds. (2001).
9755:
9303:"Runeninscriptie met het oudste Nederlands(?)"
8871:"Early Maya Writing at San Bartolo, Guatemala"
8846:The Ancient Languages of Asia and the Americas
8441:
7975:"A manual of the historical grammar of Arabic"
7197:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 47–82.
6827:The Ancient Languages of Asia and the Americas
6754:The Ancient Languages of Asia and the Americas
15746:
13139:
12872:
12752:"Cretan Writing in the Second Millennium B.C"
12445:
12443:
12441:
12353:. Canberra: John Benjamins. pp. 26–181.
11991:
11739:"Hausa in the twentieth century: an overview"
11653:
11651:
11378:
11376:
11080:
10850:
10061:
8711:
8426:. Oxford University Press. pp. 113–143.
7547:(2nd ed.). Routledge. pp. 482–508.
6867:
6756:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–32.
5449:reduced to writing by the Berlin Missionaries
2998:(1st century BC) has been claimed as Basque.
2091:Collatio beati Augustini cum Pascentio ariano
1446:Potsherds inscribed with Brahmi letters from
411:2600 BC. A few dozen pre-Sargonic texts from
13153:
12706:
11684:
11682:
11444:Vinogradov, Andrey; Korobov, Maksim (2018).
10960:
10151:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
9964:
9950:Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik
9194:
8514:. Harvard University Press. pp. 7, 97.
8153:Clackson, James; Horrocks, Geoffrey (2007).
6499:International Auxiliary Language Association
3500:("Light of the supreme lord") by Shitikantha
2586:(12th century) is the oldest literary work.
2072:Some scholars consider the formula to be in
2021:is traditionally held to have translated an
1112:) and Canaanite which remains undeciphered.
12511:
12509:
12194:(in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Jakov Trej.
12037:. Liverpool University Press. p. 257.
11926:
11924:
11246:
11197:Zhou, Minglang; Sun, Hongkai, eds. (2004).
11081:MacLeod, Mark W.; Nguyen, Thi Dieu (2001).
11051:
11049:
10558:. Cambridge University Press. p. 211.
10364:. Cambridge University Press. p. 104.
10123:
9840:
9340:. Oxford University Press. pp. 40–41.
9233:
9077:"A Glimpse into the Tocharian Vinaya Texts"
8814:. Oxford University Press. pp. 86–87.
8157:The Blackwell History of the Latin Language
7542:
7284:George, Andrew; Krebernik, Manfred (2022).
4831:An early wordlist was published in 1589 by
4193:earliest extant manuscript found using the
3849:Some scholars interpret a few lines in the
2460:A botanical manuscript in Latin and Breton
235:, rather than representations of language.
18:List of languages by first written accounts
15753:
15739:
13146:
13132:
12879:
12865:
12438:
12351:Handbook of Australian Languages, Volume 1
12133:. Cambridge University Press. p. 83.
11998:. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 230.
11648:
11446:"Gothic graffiti from the Mangup basilica"
11373:
10503:
10280:
10064:A history of French language through texts
9815:
9681:. National University of Ireland. p.
9508:
9413:. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 121–147.
8003:. Cambridge University Press. p. 12.
7940:
7084:
5819:was completed in 1986; translation of the
5625:The Structure of the Koko Yimidir Language
5200:reduced to writing by French missionaries
5096:Kendal began compiling wordlists in 1814.
4036:was the first printed book in Lithuanian.
3871:single sentence in a German travel journal
2355:650) have fragmentary runic inscriptions.
1761:Single Proto-Norse words are found on the
60:: the earliest parts of this text date to
12728:
12684:
12449:
11896:
11894:
11892:
11721:
11679:
11657:
11557:
11479:. University of Texas Press. p. 24.
11382:
11310:Frias e Gouveia, Maria Carmen de (2005).
11144:"The Bellifortis Text and Early Albanian"
9976:
9708:The Archaeology of Early Medieval Ireland
9335:
9329:
9117:"Bronze Age languages of the Tarim Basin"
8762:
8716:. Cambridge University Press. p. 6.
8506:
8236:
8140:
8106:
7592:
7580:
7250:
7050:Atrahasis: An Ancient Hebrew Deluge Story
6884:. Cambridge University Press. p. 2.
5507:also published the first book written in
5000:"Eskimo Grammar" by Moravian missionaries
2774:862, but only later manuscripts survive.
2351:(5th century) and West Heslerton brooch (
1765:(second half of the 2nd century) and the
1042:Inscriptions in Assyrian cuneiform script
12574:
12506:
12492:. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. p. 3.
12388:
12341:
11974:
11921:
11524:
11284:
11055:
11046:
10004:
9653:
9631:Textus blemmyicus in aetatis christianae
9595:
9462:
9268:
9159:Georgian: A Structural Reference Grammar
9041:
9008:
8714:The Meroitic Language and Writing System
8534:
8482:
8023:
7707:
7682:
7350:
7255:The Idea of Writing: Play and Complexity
6987:. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Leiden:
6560:, created by the Logical Language Group
6290:
5383:Primer and catechism published in 1859.
4862:A poor-quality wordlist was recorded by
4467:. First grammar and dictionary in 1738.
826:
12951:Languages by writing system /
12800:, Cambridge University Press, pp.
12793:
12774:
12749:
12484:
11930:
11851:Ivory and Slaves in East Central Africa
11736:
11709:
11608:
11502:An Introduction to the Celtic Languages
11499:
11428:
11335:
11196:
10965:. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 855–877.
10688:
10578:
10531:Lyrics of the Middle Ages: An Anthology
10528:
10239:
10030:
10005:Gayathri, Sasibhooshan (10 July 2012).
9979:"The earliest inscription in Malayalam"
9730:
9705:
9277:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
9114:
9050:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
8940:
8843:
8809:
8647:. Institute of Archaeology. p. 9.
8564:. Oxford University Press. p. 35.
8559:
8409:
8347:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
8276:
8218:
8194:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
8185:
8115:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
8086:
7949:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
7916:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
7878:
7784:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
7775:
7670:
7658:
7518:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
7456:
7418:
7383:
7359:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
7326:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
7317:
7192:
7186:
7089:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 8.
6909:A Manual of Sumerian: Grammar and Texts
6861:
6849:
6751:
5630:A list of 61 words recorded in 1770 by
4630:Mamusse Wunneetupanatamwe Up-Biblum God
4392:by a writer identified only as "Thomás"
4250:, published as edited by his nephew as
1641:Junagadh rock inscription of Rudradaman
789:, recording the distribution of hides,
415:and other sites in northern Babylonia.
31:arranged by age of the oldest existing
14:
16997:Earliest known manuscripts by language
16989:
12690:The Cambridge History of Ancient China
12645:The Cambridge History of Ancient China
12638:
12550:. Cambridge University Press. p.
12515:
12204:
11985:
11958:Journal of Asian Pacific Communication
11889:
11835:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
11111:
11087:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.
10881:
10833:
10553:
10312:
9672:
9628:
9566:
9517:. Cambridge University Press. p.
9433:
9154:
9017:. University of Hawaii Press. p.
8712:Rilly, Claude; de Voogt, Alex (2012).
8383:
8061:
7907:
7808:
7640:from the original on 16 September 2018
7568:
7509:
7226:. Cambridge University Press. p.
6949:
6777:
4456:primer and missal by Nicolaus Andreaus
4228:. No copies are known to exist today.
2816:a sentence in the Würzburg manuscript
1649:
867:are attested from after about 300 BC.
822:
16890:American Printing House for the Blind
16666:International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
16318:Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)
15734:
15524:
15479:
15372:
15051:
14936:
14278:
13492:
13254:
13237:
13127:
12860:
12818:
12662:
12541:
12164:
11995:Studies in French Applied Linguistics
11900:
11663:Languages and Scripts of Central Asia
11341:
11138:
11018:
10768:
10691:Portuguese: A Linguistic Introduction
10648:. Kyoto: Hōyū shoten. pp. 28–51.
10603:
10448:Primers textos de la llengua catalana
10420:
10318:
10148:
9791:. Columbia University Press. p.
9541:
9434:Lee, Seungjae (September 25, 2017).
9410:Early Germanic Literature and Culture
9406:
9380:"Tracing the language of the Vandals"
9378:Francovich Onesti, Nicoletta (2013).
8983:
8637:
8605:. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 310–318.
8603:A Companion to South Asia in the Past
8596:
8371:
8030:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 13.
7835:
7497:
7217:
7032:Languages of Iraq, Ancient and Modern
6937:
6904:
6876:
5656:grammatical sketch by M.J. van Baarda
5237:First grammar book 1859 and complete
5210:First grammar book 1841 and complete
5038:translation was published in 1857 by
4119:Nicholas Ramm's translation of a hymn
3874:The first printed book in Finnish is
3168:inscription found on the bank of the
2770:translated religious literature from
546:Bilingual Amorite-Akkadian vocabulary
398:from about 2800 BC. Fragments of the
15373:
12743:10.1111/j.1600-0471.2000.aae110106.x
12326:
12296:
12263:
12069:
11221:
11003:Viking Society for Northern Research
10798:
10644:; Yoshimoto, Michimasa 吉本道雅 (2017).
10581:The Non-Slavic Languages of the USSR
10211:
9977:Mahadevan, Iravatham (7 June 2012).
9677:A first Old Irish grammar and reader
9579:Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies
9386:. Rome: Artemide. pp. 179–195.
8671:
8338:
8326:
8306:
7732:
7712:. Thames & Hudson. p. 263.
7466:. Oxford University Press. pp.
6980:
6824:
4912:Beskrifning öfwer Sweriges Lapmarker
3960:
2826:
1793:A brief undeciphered inscription at
15760:
12886:
12382:
10919:
10801:"las glosas emilianenses, otra vez"
9906:Calendarium van de Nederlandse Taal
9572:"A New Study of the Pai-lang Songs"
9273:The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor
9074:
8421:
7912:The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor
7883:The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor
7355:The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor
7322:The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor
6943:
6533:Star Trek III: The Search for Spock
6450:Sona, an auxiliary neutral language
5120:A short word list was collected by
4687:grammar and vocabulary compiled by
4660:copy of a Tunisian poem written by
3065:appended to Arabic and Hebrew poems
1913:may date to the early 4th century.
1689:names. Some scholars interpret the
502:2250 BC is based off the advent of
24:
15480:
12958:Ancient languages corpuses by size
12779:, University of California Press,
12582:A Functional Grammar of Gooniyandi
12546:The Papuan Languages of New Guinea
12410:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1974.tb01803.x
12051:from the original on 3 August 2020
12012:from the original on 3 August 2020
11933:Ideology, Culture, and Translation
11383:Schwaller, John Frederick (1973).
11184:Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher NF Bd. 2
10837:A handbook of the Cornish language
9513:A History of the Japanese Language
8377:
8288:from the original on 14 March 2017
6787:Inside the Texts, Beyond the Texts
5921:: since about the 17th century BC
5871:: since about the 27th century BC
5030:Upon the Language of the Beetjuana
4757:Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius
4162:Grammatica da lingoagem portuguesa
3820:date from the early 13th century.
2063:formula for freeing a serf in the
1996:850) is the oldest literary work.
1358:inscriptions CO-48 from Pristino (
25:
17033:
12731:Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy
11620:. Munich: Lincom. pp. 8–62.
11342:Islam, Muhammad Ashraful (2012).
11181:
10840:. London: David Nutt. p. 25.
10815:from the original on 3 March 2016
10728:from the original on 27 June 2017
10281:Saradesāya, Manohararāya (2000).
10066:. London: Routledge. p. 29.
8062:Bakkum, Gabriël C. L. M. (2009).
8027:A Companion to the Latin Language
6202:: 13th century (Possibly related
2553:, found in Palatinus Latinus 1447
1498:rock inscription ARE 465/1906 at
733:Seal impression from the tomb of
81:
12819:Woods, Christopher, ed. (2010),
12568:
12535:
12478:
12335:
12320:
12290:
12257:
12248:
12198:
12192:ru:Очерки Архангельской губернии
12183:
12158:
12120:
12095:
12063:
12024:
11968:
11949:
11860:
11843:
11804:
11778:
11730:
11703:
11602:
11577:
11562:. de Gruyter. pp. 649–674.
11551:
11518:
11493:
11468:
11437:
11422:
11410:
11303:
11278:
11266:
11240:
11215:
11190:
11175:
11132:
11105:
11074:
11035:
11024:
10991:
10980:
10954:
10929:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 193.
10913:
10902:
10875:
10857:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies
10844:
10827:
10792:
10778:Radovi Staroslavenskog Instituta
10762:
10751:
10740:
10707:
10682:
10652:
10646:ロシア・アルハラ河畔の女真大字墨書：女真・契丹文字遺跡をたどって
10634:
10597:
10572:
10547:
10522:
10497:
10486:
10475:
10464:
10439:
10421:Olaya, Vicente G. (2022-11-14).
10414:
10389:
10348:
10337:
10274:
10245:
10205:
10186:
10142:
10117:
10080:
10055:
10024:
9998:
9970:
9942:
9911:
9898:
9883:
9859:
9834:
9809:
9776:
9749:
9724:
9699:
9666:
9647:
9622:
9589:
9560:
8744:from the original on 2 July 2020
8450:Cambridge Archaeological Journal
8225:Journal of Language Relationship
7634:"Lettre du grand-prêtre Lu'enna"
7434:. British Museum. Archived from
6913:. Malibu, CA.: UNDENA. pp.
4765:José Joaquim Machado de Oliveira
3964:
3457:is controversially interpreted.
3251:(8th century) is Old Hungarian.
2830:
1986:district, but this is disputed.
1797:is dated to the 3rd century BC.
1697:100 BC) as a Germanic fragment.
1685:runic alphabet appear to record
1235:text painted on the handle of a
798:
774:
750:
726:
15525:
12797:The Ancient Languages of Europe
12524:from the original on 2018-07-05
12467:from the original on 2016-03-02
12427:from the original on 2019-02-27
12370:from the original on 2015-04-27
12331:. Brisbane: Government Printer.
12309:from the original on 2018-10-03
12147:from the original on 2020-08-05
12109:from the original on 2018-02-27
12084:from the original on 2018-11-05
11818:from the original on 2019-04-26
11767:from the original on 2017-11-16
11665:. Routledge. pp. 137–143.
11637:from the original on 2016-02-03
11399:from the original on 2007-08-19
11362:from the original on 2020-06-27
11324:from the original on 2017-01-17
11251:. Routledge. pp. 454–479.
11226:. Routledge. pp. 158–177.
11164:from the original on 2015-09-23
10943:from the original on 2016-05-16
10664:Torre do Tombo National Archive
10623:from the original on 2019-04-28
10529:Wilhelm, James J., ed. (2014).
10504:Aung-Thwin, Michael A. (2005).
10378:from the original on 2016-05-12
10301:from the original on 2021-10-17
10263:from the original on 2016-09-24
9546:. Routledge. pp. 182–201.
9535:
9502:
9491:from the original on 2021-10-17
9456:
9427:
9400:
9371:
9354:
9295:
9262:
9251:from the original on 2018-10-15
9227:
9200:
9148:
9137:from the original on 2021-01-09
9108:
9097:from the original on 2021-10-17
9068:
9048:The Ancient Languages of Europe
9035:
9002:
8977:
8934:
8923:from the original on 2021-02-25
8862:
8837:
8828:
8803:
8791:from the original on 2016-08-21
8756:
8730:
8705:
8688:from the original on 2021-10-17
8665:
8654:from the original on 2019-01-10
8631:
8619:from the original on 2021-10-17
8590:
8578:
8553:
8528:
8500:
8476:
8415:
8345:The Ancient Languages of Europe
8332:
8300:
8270:
8245:
8212:
8192:The Ancient Languages of Europe
8179:
8146:
8100:
8080:
8055:
8044:from the original on 2021-10-17
8017:
7992:
7967:
7934:
7901:
7872:
7829:
7802:
7769:
7735:Journal of Near Eastern Studies
7726:
7701:
7676:
7626:
7615:from the original on 2017-08-04
7586:
7536:
7503:
7450:
7424:
7377:
7344:
7244:
7211:
7175:from the original on 2018-01-06
7157:
7146:from the original on 2019-01-07
7128:
7103:
7078:
7067:from the original on 2021-10-17
7037:
7024:
6974:
6806:from the original on 2020-08-04
6268:Indigenous Australian languages
4767:. The language is now extinct.
2822:
1929:THT 274 and similar manuscripts
1681:(2nd and 3rd centuries) in the
1630:Hathibada Ghosundi Inscriptions
1128:proto-Corinthian vase found at
1060:Paleo-Phrygian inscriptions at
13219:Languages by writing system /
12714:, Cambridge University Press,
12127:Mesthrie, Rajend, ed. (2002).
11389:The Indiana University Bookman
11084:Culture and customs of Vietnam
10579:Aronson, Howard Isaac (1992).
10193:Indovinello Veronese (Italian)
9895:(Cambridge, 1998), pp. 344–45.
9338:Dutch: Biography of a Language
9046:. In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
8535:Zvelebil, Kamil Veith (1992).
8343:. In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
8190:. In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).
8089:Indo-European Studies Bulletin
6898:
6818:
6771:
6745:
6493:Interlingua–English Dictionary
5748:Calindaru lu rumeri din Istrie
5407:Basic vocabulary collected by
3749:Rhymed sentence in Latin codex
3093:Inscription of Župa Dubrovačka
765:of his son's death in battle,
390:Some proper names attested in
92:Writing first appeared in the
68:1040 AD. Similarly the oldest
13:
1:
16658:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
16614:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
15052:
14937:
14279:
12768:10.1080/00438243.1986.9979977
12457:. In Wurm, Stephen A. (ed.).
12169:. Routledge. pp. 11–98.
12031:Jenson, Deborah, ed. (2012).
11737:Philips, John Edward (2004).
11356:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
11060:. John Benjamins. p. 3.
11056:Thompson, Hanne-Ruth (2012).
10805:Revista de Filología Románica
10786:Old Church Slavonic Institute
10361:The Indo-European Controversy
10062:Ayres-Bennett, Wendy (1996).
9816:Kerlouégan, François (1987).
8738:"Frieze, Mausoleum of Ateban"
6882:The Ancient Egyptian Language
6734:
6177:
6159:
6073:
6047:
6041:
5977:
5963:
5912:
5829:
5796:
5765:
5735:
5715:
5695:
5664:
5644:
5595:
5572:
5541:
5533:Gospel of Matthew in Cyrillic
5521:
5482:
5462:
5437:
5417:
5389:
5365:
5357:Philip Johan von Strahlenberg
5322:
5314:Ocerki Arxangel'skoj Gubernii
5301:
5275:
5247:
5220:
5188:
5161:
5130:
5102:
5074:
5048:
5013:
4988:
4968:
4945:
4922:
4899:
4872:
4841:
4816:
4796:
4773:
4676:
4648:
4616:
4582:
4545:
4519:
4493:
4473:
4444:
4423:
4405:
4395:Paraphrased and annotated by
4378:
4355:
4326:
4304:
4284:
4261:
4234:
4203:
4178:
4147:
4127:
4107:
4068:
4042:
4013:
3956:
3912:
3889:
3860:
3826:
3798:
3737:
3714:
3695:
3670:
3640:
3600:from the early 14th century.
3577:
3551:
3529:
3507:
3486:
3462:
3386:
3363:
3343:
3310:
3287:
3240:
3216:
3178:
3155:
3128:
3109:
3073:
3024:
3003:
2968:
2948:
2927:
2902:
2880:
2771:
2727:
2718:
2695:
2673:
2651:
2632:
2507:
2485:
2465:
2407:
2382:
2361:
2352:
2331:
2282:Tumshuqese and Khotanese Saka
2234:
2213:
2177:
2155:
2135:
2052:
2001:
1993:
1966:
1945:
1937:
1918:
1868:
1847:
1826:
1803:
1775:
1737:
1717:
1694:
1575:
1551:
1459:
1451:
1430:
1378:
1347:
1327:
1272:
1249:
1204:
1182:
1161:
1117:
1049:
1031:
1011:
991:
926:
903:
891:
851:1500 BC), appear to record a
848:
814:
790:
766:
742:
695:
674:
653:
631:
606:
557:
535:
499:
495:
470:
462:
420:
408:
368:
357:
348:); administrative records at
255:
223:Earlier symbols, such as the
65:
61:
16869:National Braille Association
16848:Braille Institute of America
16566:Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)
13493:
12963:Undeciphered writing systems
12190:Vereščagin, Vasilij (1849).
11710:Marlett, Stephen A. (1981).
11151:Zeitschrift für Balkanologie
11007:University College of London
9787:Sources of Tibetan Tradition
7085:Hasselbach, Rebecca (2005).
6785:. In Witzel, Michael (ed.).
6714:Undeciphered writing systems
5855:
5335:Über die Sprache der Jakuten
5233:Incwadi Yokuqala Yabafundayo
4937:by Duvivier de la Mahautière
3446:De Consolatione Philosophiae
2906:late 10th–early 11th century
1815:Ancient Letters, found near
1626:Ayodhya Inscription of Dhana
581:, from the 19th century BC.
454:235, 236, 281, 286 from the
37:undeciphered writing systems
7:
16749:Refreshable braille display
16728:Optical braille recognition
16325:Bengali (Bangla / Assamese)
15857:Chinese (mainland Mandarin)
15000:New Epoch Notation Painting
12968:Creators of writing systems
11992:Ayoun, Dalila, ed. (2008).
11857:, 72(2), 2002, pp. 102–105.
11723:10.13140/RG.2.2.20898.07363
11616:. In Hewitt, George (ed.).
11429:Stearns, MacDonald (1978).
11249:The Indo-European Languages
10714:Agência Estado (May 2002).
10689:Azevedo, Milton M. (2005).
10358:; Lewis, Martin W. (2015).
10323:. Gunter Narr. p. 84.
10217:Old Church Slavonic Grammar
10124:De Casparis, J. G. (1978).
10033:"St Cadfan's Church, Tywyn"
9841:de Casparis, J. G. (1975).
9509:Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010).
9477:10.31857/S086919080003960-3
9463:Zakharov, Anton O. (2019).
8770:. In Litvinsky, B.A (ed.).
8700:Megalithic graffiti symbols
8489:University of Ceylon Review
8483:Fernando, P. E. E. (1949).
7683:Dimitrov, Peter A. (2009).
7463:The World's Writing Systems
6956:. British Museum. pp.
6692:
6672:Baahubali 2: The Conclusion
5707:grammar by Matthäus Rascher
5343:Wordlists were included in
4506:Tesoro de la lengua guaraní
4190:Talib Husan by Ghulam Husan
3924:bronze bell inscription in
3688:, found in Codex Holm. B 64
3305:Originally created in 1189
1215:Ceres inscription found at
890:of the Novilara Stele from
177:There are also a number of
10:
17038:
16816:Thakur Vishva Narain Singh
13255:
12897:Index of language articles
12586:. John Benjamins. p.
12542:Foley, William A. (1986).
12389:Haviland, John B. (1974).
12342:Haviland, John B. (1979).
11350:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
10533:. Routledge. p. 227.
9710:. Routledge. p. 103.
9336:Willemyns, Roland (2013).
9247:(in Armenian) (2): 39–54.
9163:. John Benjamins. p.
8774:. UNESCO. pp. 81–94.
8231:(1). Gorgias Press: 9–32.
7811:Israel Exploration Journal
7296:(1). cairn.info: 113–166.
6953:Reading The Past Cuneiform
6294:
5784:non-Austronesian languages
5265:Dictionary and grammar by
4693:No longer known to exist.
4485:treaty with Dutch governor
3769:Bengali-Assamese languages
3043:dated 1035 found near the
2101:second half of 6th century
1957:Bir el Qutt inscription #1
1672:Armenian Bible translation
1537:graffiti on the temple of
170:family was represented by
85:
16948:
16899:
16839:
16772:
16682:
16628:
16591:
16552:Mainland Chinese Mandarin
16531:
16512:
16493:
16398:
16304:
16265:
16192:
16119:
15818:
15811:
15772:
15730:
15533:
15520:
15488:
15475:
15426:
15385:
15381:
15368:
15344:
15308:
15282:
15231:
15188:
15153:
15073:
15066:Chinese family of scripts
15064:
15060:
15047:
14945:
14932:
14883:
14291:
14287:
14274:
14136:Boyd's syllabic shorthand
14123:
13771:
13514:
13505:
13501:
13488:
13263:
13250:
13246:
13238:
13233:
13221:by first written accounts
13190:
13169:
13165:
13100:
13049:
12976:
12939:
12903:
12894:
12775:Pollock, Sheldon (2003),
12205:Austin, Peter K. (2008).
11872:Linguistic Department of
11504:. Routledge. p. 28.
11285:Roegiest, Eugeen (2006).
11201:. Springer. p. 258.
11112:Nguyễn, Đình Hoà (1990).
9924:20 September 2012 at the
9042:Jasanoff, Jay H. (2008).
9009:Thurgood, Graham (1999).
8955:10.1017/S0041977X00083178
8810:Salomon, Richard (1998).
8560:Salomon, Richard (1998).
8462:10.1017/S0959774300001608
7708:Robinson, Andrew (2008).
7171:(in Hebrew). 2013-05-21.
7053:. Book Tree. p. 34.
6997:10.1163/9789004445215_004
6950:Walker, C. B. F. (1987).
6590:Atlantis: The Lost Empire
5727:grammar by Egide de Boeck
5499:José Leite de Vasconcelos
4741:Língua Geral of São Paulo
4340:Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq
3855:text (1405) as Albanian.
3355:Birch bark letter no. 292
3299:copies A,B, and C of the
3230:Funeral Sermon and Prayer
2740:Memorial for Yelü Yanning
2618:Sequence of Saint Eulalia
2246:Kedukan Bukit Inscription
1911:Gothic runic inscriptions
1880:Đông Yên Châu inscription
1670:is first attested in the
1662:tradition (as opposed to
1300:funerary inscriptions at
1003:Amman Citadel Inscription
861:Brahmic family of scripts
551:CUNES 50-11-020 (P411253)
318:Instructions of Shuruppak
195:(speculated to record a "
16539:Chinese semi-syllabaries
15802:Unicode braille patterns
15788:International uniformity
14243:Thomas Natural Shorthand
12953:by first written account
12708:Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju
12668:The Foundations of Latin
12612:"Transcendental Algebra"
12450:Voorhoeve, C.L. (1975).
12130:Language in South Africa
11975:Högström, Pehr (1980) .
11874:Brigham Young University
11855:Journal des Africanistes
11462:10.1075/nowele.00013.vin
11273:Istoria Romaniei in Date
9731:McManus, Damien (1991).
9442:]. Seoul: Ilchogak.
9435:
9244:Patma-Banasirakan Handes
8339:Eska, Joseph F. (2008).
8238:10.31826/jlr-2012-070106
8219:Eichner, Heiner (2012).
8186:Wallace, Rex E. (2008).
8024:Clackson, James (2011).
7593:DeFrancis, John (1989).
6778:Witzel, Michael (1997).
6729:List of oldest documents
6684:Baahubali: The Beginning
6668:Baahubali: The Beginning
4935:Lisette quitté la plaine
4854:Grönländische Grammatica
4835:. First grammar in 1743
4533:Cuando examen les abeyes
4342:that was published later
4248:Diego Sánchez de Badajoz
3630:a text of laws found in
3374:founding charter of the
3279:AM 655 IX 4to manuscript
3264:AM 237 a fol. manuscript
2574:Vazhappally copper plate
2286:manuscripts mainly from
2146:Erragudipadu inscription
1752:on shield grip from the
1563:Punic-Libyan Inscription
1523:, but this is disputed.
955:royal inscriptions from
16876:Blindness organizations
16855:Braille Without Borders
16644:Canadian currency marks
16266:Egyptian lineage family
15449:Southwest Paleohispanic
12921:History of the alphabet
12750:Olivier, J.-P. (1986),
12712:The Dravidian Languages
12516:Curtis, Ervino (1992).
11868:"The History of Sranan"
11224:The Dravidian Languages
10427:EL PAÍS English Edition
10319:Liver, Ricarda (1999).
9758:Central Asiatic Journal
9706:Edwards, Nancy (2006).
9629:Browne, Gerald (2003).
8898:10.1126/science.1121745
8684:: 46, with footnote 2.
8277:Stifter, David (2012).
6709:List of writing systems
5345:Noord en Oost Tartarije
4724:Basque–Icelandic pidgin
4510:Antonio Ruíz de Montoya
4139:Wanradt-Koell catechism
3473:fragments of the elder
3443:A 9th century gloss in
2644:dated royal inscription
2558:Old Saxon Baptismal Vow
2270:citing the mostly lost
1087:inscriptions from Yemen
17022:Historical linguistics
16193:Russian lineage family
15593:Great Lakes Algonquian
14502:Greco-Iberian alphabet
14435:Gabelsberger shorthand
13378:Inscriptional Parthian
12327:Roth, Walther (1910).
12070:Troy, Jakelin (1992).
11618:Caucasian Perspectives
11609:Gippert, Jost (1992).
11500:Russell, Paul (1995).
10834:Jenner, Henry (1904).
10666:. 2008. Archived from
10554:Sayahi, Lotfi (2014).
10090:col., 13 verso :
9604:. Routledge. pp.
9115:Mallory, J.P. (2010).
8834:Salomon (1998), p. 89.
8763:Tafazzoli, A. (1996).
8384:Rogers, Henry (2004).
6575:created by Mark Hučko
6330:Johann Martin Schleyer
5316:by Vasilij Vereščagin
4880:Chinese Pidgin English
4751:Another source is the
4600:University of Tübingen
4598:in the library of the
3564:Liber di Tre Scricciur
3541:blessing in the Worms
2994:The first word on the
2799:The inscription is in
2580:Edakkal-5 inscriptions
2170:inscription K. 557/600
1102:prayer inscription at
840:
521:temple inscription of
379:A hymn to the sun-god
218:Cypro-Minoan syllabary
209:(encoding a possible "
16957:Accessible publishing
16883:Schools for the blind
16862:Japan Braille Library
16651:Computer Braille Code
16305:Indian lineage family
15685:Old Persian cuneiform
14552:Carolingian minuscule
13358:Ancient North Arabian
12670:, Walter de Gruyter,
12264:Ferreira, M. Barros.
11713:The Structure of Seri
11289:. ACCO. p. 136.
10896:10.1093/notesj/gjm184
10128:. BRILL. p. 25.
10126:Indonesian Chronology
9845:. BRILL. p. 31.
9633:. Champaign: Stipes.
9600:The Iranian languages
9155:Hewitt, B.G. (1995).
8539:. BRILL. p. 42.
8512:Early Tamil Epigraphy
8161:. Blackwell. p.
7545:The Semitic Languages
7302:10.3917/assy.116.0113
7169:hebrew-academy.org.il
6408:by Estonian linguist
6295:Further information:
6291:Constructed languages
5860:Attestation by major
5811:A translation of the
5554:Barkerville Jail Text
5267:Karl Bernhard Wiklund
4884:sentence recorded in
4537:Antón de Marirreguera
4435:Book of Common Prayer
4390:Huarochirí Manuscript
4252:Recopilación en metro
4099:Psaltirea Voroneteana
3417:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
3399:Stele of Genghis Khan
3208:Pacto dos Irmãos Pais
3204:Afonso II of Portugal
2477:Westeremden yew-stick
2423:Dated entries in the
2264:Book of the Later Han
2043:Bergakker inscription
1519:have been claimed as
1284:Warrior of Capestrano
888:North Picene language
830:
450:Protective spells in
231:, are believed to be
86:Further information:
16721:Mountbatten Brailler
16076:(largely reassigned)
15859:(largely reassigned)
15408:Southeastern Iberian
15403:Northeastern Iberian
13301:Egyptian hieroglyphs
11903:Études/Inuit/Studies
11529:The Uralic Languages
10721:O Estado de S. Paulo
10642:Aisin-Gioro, Ulhicun
10450:. Proa (Barcelona).
10031:Vousden, N. (2012).
9952:, 70 (2013), 87–130.
9673:McCone, Kim (2005).
8672:Falk, Harry (2014).
8508:Mahadevan, Iravatham
8388:. Black Publishing.
8341:"Continental Celtic"
8265:University of Vienna
7661:, pp. 4, 9, 11.
7385:Shelmerdine, Cynthia
7218:Potts, D.T. (1999).
6905:Hayes, John (1990).
6699:Ancient text corpora
6406:Transcendent Algebra
6297:Constructed language
5756:Constantin Diculescu
5429:letter by P. Durpatz
5261:Lars Levi Laestadius
5180:Momolu Duwalu Bukele
5026:Heinrich Lictenstein
4317:Peresopnytsia Gospel
4095:Psaltirea Hurmuzachi
3978:adding missing items
3479:in Codex Holm. B 193
3301:Charter of Ban Kulin
3141:palm-leaf manuscript
3120:Zelančuk inscription
2893:Freising manuscripts
2844:adding missing items
2795:Gommateshwara statue
2521:Sukabumi inscription
2519:initial part of the
1763:Øvre Stabu spearhead
1489:early 2nd century BC
1339:Behistun Inscription
1226:early 6th century BC
620:tablet archive from
492:Proto-Elamite script
267:Egyptian hieroglyphs
187:Proto-Elamite script
181:Bronze Age records:
16673:Nemeth braille code
16459:(reassigned vowels)
15984:(extended to 8-dot)
15558:Canadian Aboriginal
15444:Khitan small script
15166:Khitan large script
14356:Coorgi–Cox alphabet
12686:Keightley, David N.
12297:LUSA (2015-06-20).
12270:Sítio de l Mirandés
12167:The Munda Languages
11354:(Second ed.).
11186:(in German): 90–98.
10884:Notes & Queries
10799:Wolf, H.J. (1997).
10670:on 15 November 2017
10287:. Sahitya Akademi.
9965:Krishnamurti (2003)
9195:Krishnamurti (2003)
8890:2006Sci...311.1281S
8884:(5765): 1281–1283.
7583:, pp. 235–237.
7571:, pp. 181–182.
6642:George R. R. Martin
6369:based on Esperanto
6250:Northwest Caucasian
6110:Northeast Caucasian
6030:Old Church Slavonic
5843:William B. McGregor
5676:translation of the
5564:Alexander MacKenzie
5495:O dialecto mirandez
5425:Français Tirailleur
5147:Xhosa reading sheet
5034:The first complete
4785:letters written in
4709:Riwayar Annabi Musa
4087:Codicele Voronetean
3840:Formula e pagëzimit
3569:Bonvesin de la Riva
3329:Glosas Emilianenses
3249:Szarvas inscription
3191:Notícia de Fiadores
3185:Galician-Portuguese
3036:a dated inscription
2989:Glosas Emilianenses
2793:inscription on the
2754:Old Church Slavonic
2624:Oaths of Strasbourg
2374:Orkhon inscriptions
2012:inscription at the
1978:Halmidi inscription
1729:Rabatak inscription
1679:Vimose inscriptions
1650:First millennium AD
1541:at Dukki Gel, near
1310:late 6th century BC
823:First millennium BC
711:bronze inscriptions
643:Hieroglyphic Luwian
152:Anatolian languages
136:in the form of the
98:Bronze Age collapse
17017:Language histories
17002:Lists of languages
16707:Braille translator
16684:Braille technology
16660:(science; GS8/GS6)
16629:Symbols in braille
16559:Taiwanese Mandarin
16074:Taiwanese Mandarin
15680:Nwagu Aneke script
15232:Other logosyllabic
15154:Chinese-influenced
15093:Oracle bone script
15075:Chinese characters
15010:Ojibwe Hieroglyphs
14400:Eclectic shorthand
14388:Duployan shorthand
14341:Caucasian Albanian
14141:Canadian syllabics
13177:History of writing
13062:Canadian syllabics
12931:Scripts in Unicode
12916:History of writing
12490:A Grammar of Qaqet
11697:2016-03-03 at the
11533:. Brill. pp.
10198:2014-03-14 at the
10011:The Times of India
9880:, pp. 11–12.
8740:. British Museum.
8638:Rajan, K. (2014).
8597:Rajan, K. (2016).
8308:Buck, Carl Darling
8259:2014-04-21 at the
8253:Lexicon Leponticum
7458:Bennett, Emmett L.
7259:. BRILL. pp.
6991:. pp. 66–74.
6719:Origin of language
6704:History of writing
6092:: 4th century AD (
6019:Classical Armenian
5339:Otto von Böhtlingk
5067:Cherokee syllabary
4637:Eliot Indian Bible
4635:Also known as the
4397:Francisco de Ávila
4369:Doctrina Cristiana
4167:Fernão de Oliveira
4091:Psaltirea Scheiana
3976:; you can help by
3757:early 15th century
3589:Ramkhamhaeng stele
3518:a sentence in the
3425:early 13th century
3407:early 13th century
3089:Inscription of Krk
2919:Temnić inscription
2915:Hilandar Fragments
2842:; you can help by
2578:The status of the
2400:Ogham inscriptions
2262:commentary on the
2089:A sentence in the
2008:Classical Armenian
1909:A few problematic
1839:Namara inscription
1668:Classical Armenian
1292:mid-6th century BC
1193:inscriptions from
1172:inscriptions from
1152:Fibula Praenestina
865:languages of India
841:
759:Sumerian cuneiform
713:from the reign of
484:peace treaty with
203:Cretan hieroglyphs
102:alphabetic writing
88:Bronze Age writing
27:This is a list of
17012:Languages by time
16984:
16983:
16980:
16979:
16902:tactile alphabets
16830:William Bell Wait
16823:Sabriye Tenberken
16624:
16623:
16489:
16488:
16474:(Japanese vowels)
16272:-mediated scripts
16199:-mediated scripts
15726:
15725:
15722:
15721:
15718:
15717:
15578:Ditema tsa Dinoko
15516:
15515:
15471:
15470:
15467:
15466:
15364:
15363:
15360:
15359:
15184:
15183:
15043:
15042:
14928:
14927:
14924:
14923:
14270:
14269:
14266:
14265:
14119:
14118:
13484:
13483:
13471:Teeline Shorthand
13229:
13228:
13121:
13120:
13113:In Southeast Asia
12835:978-1-885923-76-9
12811:978-0-521-68495-8
12786:978-0-520-24500-6
12756:World Archaeology
12721:978-0-521-77111-5
12699:978-0-521-47030-8
12677:978-3-11-017208-9
12655:978-0-521-47030-8
12597:978-90-272-3025-6
12576:McGregor, William
12561:978-0-521-28621-3
12499:978-3-11-061334-6
12360:978-90-272-7355-0
12344:"Guugu Yimidhirr"
12305:(in Portuguese).
12227:978-0-85883-582-5
12214:McGregor, William
12176:978-0-415-32890-6
12044:978-1-84631-760-6
12005:978-90-272-8994-0
11942:978-1-58983-706-5
11672:978-0-7286-0272-4
11569:978-3-11-012786-7
11544:978-90-04-07741-6
11511:978-0-582-10081-7
11486:978-0-292-73053-3
11296:978-90-334-6094-4
11258:978-0-415-06449-1
11233:978-1-136-91164-4
11208:978-1-4020-8038-8
11098:978-0-313-30485-9
11067:978-90-272-3819-1
10972:978-3-11-055606-3
10936:978-81-260-2171-0
10724:(in Portuguese).
10700:978-0-521-80515-5
10590:978-0-914203-41-4
10565:978-0-521-11936-8
10540:978-1-135-03554-9
10515:978-0-8248-2886-8
10457:978-84-8437-156-4
10371:978-1-107-05453-0
10356:Pereltsvaig, Asya
10330:978-3-8233-4973-0
10135:978-90-04-05752-4
9904:N. van der Sijs,
9852:978-90-04-04172-1
9827:978-2-85944-064-0
9802:978-0-231-13599-3
9742:978-1-870684-17-0
9717:978-0-415-22000-2
9692:978-0-901519-36-8
9640:978-1-58874-275-9
9615:978-0-7007-1131-4
9553:978-0-7007-1286-1
9528:978-0-521-65320-6
9449:978-89-337-0736-4
9420:978-1-57113-199-7
9347:978-0-19-932366-1
9288:978-0-521-68496-5
9235:Ghafadarian, Karo
9174:978-90-272-3802-3
9075:Pan, Tao (2017).
9061:978-0-521-68495-8
9028:978-0-8248-2131-9
8995:978-0-521-68497-2
8855:978-0-521-68494-1
8821:978-0-19-535666-3
8781:978-92-3-103211-0
8723:978-1-139-56053-5
8612:978-1-119-05548-8
8546:978-90-04-09365-2
8521:978-0-674-01227-1
8433:978-0-19-977507-1
8395:978-0-631-23464-7
8358:978-0-521-68495-8
8205:978-0-521-68495-8
8172:978-1-4051-6209-8
8126:978-0-521-68498-9
8073:978-90-5629-562-2
8037:978-1-4443-4336-6
8010:978-0-521-23446-7
7980:. Ahmad Al Jallad
7960:978-0-521-68498-9
7927:978-0-521-68496-5
7894:978-0-521-68496-5
7795:978-0-521-68498-9
7719:978-0-500-51453-5
7694:978-1-4438-1325-9
7608:978-0-8248-1207-2
7554:978-0-429-65538-8
7529:978-0-521-68498-9
7477:978-0-19-507993-7
7370:978-0-521-68496-5
7337:978-0-521-68496-5
7270:978-90-04-17446-7
7237:978-0-521-56496-0
7204:978-0-521-68497-2
7121:978-0-521-68497-2
7096:978-3-447-05172-9
7060:978-1-58509-228-4
7006:978-90-04-44520-8
6924:978-0-89003-197-1
6891:978-1-107-66467-8
6836:978-0-521-68494-1
6796:978-1-888789-03-4
6763:978-0-521-68494-1
6690:
6689:
6646:David J. Peterson
6517:James Cooke Brown
6242:): 16th century (
6224:Classical Nahuatl
6024:10th century AD:
5935:15th century BC:
5924:17th century BC:
5880:24th century BC:
5874:27th century BC:
5850:
5849:
5619:, culminating in
5558:Carrier syllabics
5513:Flores mirandezas
5474:Gospel of Matthew
5456:translation 1936
5309:Solombala English
5292:Jeremiah Phillips
5241:translation 1883
5214:translation 1881
5155:translation 1859
4719:late 17th century
4385:Classical Quechua
4338:1562 letter from
4211:Classical Nahuatl
4034:Martynas Mažvydas
3994:
3993:
3954:
3953:
3816:List of names in
3779:The 10th-century
3605:late 13th century
3498:Mahanayakaprakash
3322:Cantar de mio Cid
3291:late 12th century
3271:late 12th century
3245:charter of Tihany
2975:Navarro-Aragonese
2860:
2859:
2820:
2819:
2801:Devanagari script
2780:late 10th century
2749:late 10th century
2708:Placiti Cassinesi
2551:Old Saxon Genesis
2538:early 9th century
2419:Lhasa Zhol Pillar
2066:Malbergse Glossen
1647:
1646:
1587:Botorrita plaques
1078:Old South Arabian
853:Northwest Semitic
845:Serabit el-Khadim
722:
721:
573:Hittite cuneiform
446:Northwest Semitic
197:Harappan language
142:Semitic languages
16:(Redirected from
17029:
16973:
16966:
16964:Braille literacy
16959:
16941:
16934:
16927:
16920:
16913:
16892:
16885:
16878:
16871:
16864:
16857:
16850:
16832:
16825:
16818:
16811:
16804:
16797:
16790:
16783:
16765:
16758:
16756:Slate and stylus
16751:
16744:
16742:Perkins Brailler
16737:
16730:
16723:
16716:
16709:
16702:
16700:Braille embosser
16695:
16675:
16668:
16661:
16653:
16646:
16639:
16617:
16609:
16602:
16584:
16577:
16568:
16561:
16554:
16547:
16540:
16524:
16521:American Braille
16505:
16502:Algerian Braille
16482:
16475:
16467:
16460:
16452:
16445:
16438:
16431:
16423:
16416:
16409:
16391:
16383:
16376:
16369:
16362:
16355:
16348:
16341:
16334:
16327:
16320:
16297:
16289:
16282:
16258:
16251:
16244:
16237:
16230:
16223:
16216:
16209:
16183:
16178:
16173:
16166:
16161:
16156:
16151:
16144:
16137:
16130:
16117:
16116:
16112:
16105:
16098:
16091:
16084:
16077:
16069:
16062:
16055:
16048:
16041:
16034:
16027:
16020:
16013:
16006:
15999:
15992:
15985:
15977:
15970:
15963:
15956:
15949:
15942:
15935:
15928:
15921:
15914:
15907:
15900:
15893:
15886:
15874:
15867:
15860:
15852:
15845:
15838:
15831:
15816:
15815:
15804:
15797:
15790:
15783:
15766:
15755:
15748:
15741:
15732:
15731:
15522:
15521:
15477:
15476:
15383:
15382:
15375:Semi-syllabaries
15370:
15369:
15071:
15070:
15062:
15061:
15049:
15048:
14934:
14933:
14289:
14288:
14276:
14275:
14178:Japanese Braille
13763:Zanabazar square
13632:Nepalese scripts
13522:Bengali–Assamese
13512:
13511:
13503:
13502:
13490:
13489:
13407:Pitman shorthand
13252:
13251:
13248:
13247:
13235:
13234:
13167:
13166:
13148:
13141:
13134:
13125:
13124:
13050:Current examples
13031:Semi-syllabaries
12881:
12874:
12867:
12858:
12857:
12853:
12851:
12850:
12844:
12838:, archived from
12827:
12815:
12790:
12771:
12746:
12725:
12703:
12681:
12659:
12627:
12626:
12624:
12623:
12614:. Archived from
12608:
12602:
12601:
12585:
12572:
12566:
12565:
12549:
12539:
12533:
12532:
12530:
12529:
12513:
12504:
12503:
12482:
12476:
12475:
12473:
12472:
12456:
12447:
12436:
12435:
12433:
12432:
12426:
12395:
12386:
12380:
12378:
12376:
12375:
12369:
12348:
12339:
12333:
12332:
12324:
12318:
12317:
12315:
12314:
12294:
12288:
12287:
12281:
12273:
12261:
12255:
12252:
12246:
12245:
12243:
12242:
12236:
12230:. Archived from
12211:
12202:
12196:
12195:
12187:
12181:
12180:
12162:
12156:
12155:
12153:
12152:
12124:
12118:
12117:
12115:
12114:
12099:
12093:
12092:
12090:
12089:
12083:
12076:
12067:
12061:
12060:
12058:
12056:
12028:
12022:
12021:
12019:
12017:
11989:
11983:
11982:
11972:
11966:
11965:
11953:
11947:
11946:
11928:
11919:
11918:
11909:(1/2): 173–197.
11898:
11887:
11885:
11883:
11881:
11864:
11858:
11847:
11841:
11840:
11834:
11826:
11824:
11823:
11808:
11802:
11801:
11799:
11797:
11782:
11776:
11775:
11773:
11772:
11766:
11743:
11734:
11728:
11727:
11725:
11707:
11701:
11690:
11686:
11677:
11676:
11655:
11646:
11645:
11643:
11642:
11636:
11627:978-3-92907501-4
11615:
11606:
11600:
11599:
11597:
11596:
11581:
11575:
11573:
11555:
11549:
11548:
11532:
11522:
11516:
11515:
11497:
11491:
11490:
11472:
11466:
11465:
11441:
11435:
11434:
11426:
11420:
11418:
11414:
11408:
11407:
11405:
11404:
11380:
11371:
11370:
11368:
11367:
11339:
11333:
11332:
11330:
11329:
11323:
11316:
11307:
11301:
11300:
11282:
11276:
11270:
11264:
11262:
11244:
11238:
11237:
11219:
11213:
11212:
11194:
11188:
11187:
11179:
11173:
11172:
11170:
11169:
11163:
11148:
11136:
11130:
11128:
11118:
11109:
11103:
11102:
11078:
11072:
11071:
11053:
11044:
11039:
11033:
11028:
11022:
11016:
11010:
10995:
10989:
10984:
10978:
10976:
10958:
10952:
10951:
10949:
10948:
10921:Das, Sisir Kumar
10917:
10911:
10906:
10900:
10899:
10879:
10873:
10872:
10848:
10842:
10841:
10831:
10825:
10824:
10822:
10820:
10796:
10790:
10789:
10766:
10760:
10755:
10749:
10744:
10738:
10737:
10735:
10733:
10711:
10705:
10704:
10686:
10680:
10679:
10677:
10675:
10656:
10650:
10649:
10638:
10632:
10631:
10629:
10628:
10601:
10595:
10594:
10576:
10570:
10569:
10551:
10545:
10544:
10526:
10520:
10519:
10501:
10495:
10490:
10484:
10479:
10473:
10468:
10462:
10461:
10443:
10437:
10436:
10434:
10433:
10418:
10412:
10411:
10409:
10408:
10393:
10387:
10386:
10384:
10383:
10352:
10346:
10341:
10335:
10334:
10316:
10310:
10309:
10307:
10306:
10278:
10272:
10271:
10269:
10268:
10249:
10243:
10237:
10231:
10230:
10209:
10203:
10190:
10184:
10182:
10146:
10140:
10139:
10121:
10115:
10113:
10105:
10101:
10093:
10089:
10084:
10078:
10077:
10059:
10053:
10052:
10050:
10048:
10028:
10022:
10021:
10019:
10017:
10002:
9996:
9995:
9993:
9991:
9974:
9968:
9962:
9953:
9946:
9940:
9917:Marco Mostert, '
9915:
9909:
9902:
9896:
9887:
9881:
9870:
9865:Alger N. Doane,
9863:
9857:
9856:
9838:
9832:
9831:
9813:
9807:
9806:
9790:
9780:
9774:
9773:
9753:
9747:
9746:
9728:
9722:
9721:
9703:
9697:
9696:
9680:
9670:
9664:
9663:
9651:
9645:
9644:
9626:
9620:
9619:
9603:
9593:
9587:
9586:
9576:
9568:Coblin, W. South
9564:
9558:
9557:
9539:
9533:
9532:
9516:
9506:
9500:
9499:
9497:
9496:
9460:
9454:
9453:
9431:
9425:
9424:
9404:
9398:
9397:
9375:
9369:
9358:
9352:
9351:
9333:
9327:
9326:
9320:
9318:
9309:. Archived from
9299:
9293:
9292:
9276:
9266:
9260:
9259:
9257:
9256:
9231:
9225:
9224:
9222:
9220:
9213:Bangalore Mirror
9204:
9198:
9192:
9179:
9178:
9162:
9152:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9142:
9136:
9121:
9112:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9102:
9090:978-3-89733428-1
9072:
9066:
9065:
9039:
9033:
9032:
9016:
9006:
9000:
8999:
8981:
8975:
8974:
8949:(3/4): 601–615.
8938:
8932:
8931:
8929:
8928:
8922:
8875:
8866:
8860:
8859:
8841:
8835:
8832:
8826:
8825:
8807:
8801:
8799:
8797:
8796:
8790:
8769:
8760:
8754:
8753:
8751:
8749:
8734:
8728:
8727:
8709:
8703:
8696:
8694:
8693:
8669:
8663:
8662:
8660:
8659:
8653:
8646:
8635:
8629:
8627:
8625:
8624:
8594:
8588:
8587:
8582:
8576:
8575:
8562:Indian Epigraphy
8557:
8551:
8550:
8532:
8526:
8525:
8504:
8498:
8496:
8480:
8474:
8473:
8445:
8439:
8437:
8419:
8413:
8407:
8401:
8399:
8381:
8375:
8369:
8363:
8362:
8336:
8330:
8324:
8318:
8317:
8304:
8298:
8297:
8295:
8293:
8283:
8274:
8268:
8249:
8243:
8242:
8240:
8216:
8210:
8209:
8183:
8177:
8176:
8160:
8150:
8144:
8141:Macdonald (2000)
8138:
8132:
8130:
8114:
8104:
8098:
8096:
8084:
8078:
8077:
8059:
8053:
8052:
8050:
8049:
8021:
8015:
8014:
7996:
7990:
7989:
7987:
7985:
7979:
7971:
7965:
7964:
7948:
7938:
7932:
7931:
7915:
7905:
7899:
7898:
7886:
7876:
7870:
7869:
7833:
7827:
7826:
7817:(1/2): 101–105.
7806:
7800:
7799:
7783:
7773:
7767:
7766:
7730:
7724:
7723:
7705:
7699:
7698:
7680:
7674:
7668:
7662:
7656:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7645:
7630:
7624:
7623:
7621:
7620:
7590:
7584:
7581:Keightley (1999)
7578:
7572:
7566:
7560:
7558:
7540:
7534:
7533:
7517:
7507:
7501:
7495:
7482:
7481:
7454:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7443:
7428:
7422:
7421:, pp. 377f.
7416:
7410:
7409:
7407:
7406:
7400:
7394:. Archived from
7393:
7381:
7375:
7374:
7358:
7348:
7342:
7341:
7325:
7315:
7306:
7305:
7281:
7275:
7274:
7258:
7248:
7242:
7241:
7225:
7215:
7209:
7208:
7190:
7184:
7183:
7181:
7180:
7161:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7151:
7132:
7126:
7125:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7082:
7076:
7075:
7073:
7072:
7041:
7035:
7028:
7022:
7021:
6989:Brill Publishers
6978:
6972:
6971:
6947:
6941:
6935:
6929:
6928:
6912:
6902:
6896:
6895:
6874:
6865:
6859:
6853:
6847:
6841:
6840:
6822:
6816:
6814:
6812:
6811:
6805:
6784:
6775:
6769:
6767:
6749:
6456:Kenneth Searight
6386:J. R. R. Tolkien
6301:
6300:
6276:: 19th century (
6252:: 17th century (
6222:: 16th century (
6212:: 13th century (
6179:
6161:
6086:: 3rd century AD
6075:
6056:8th century AD:
6049:
6043:
6013:4th century AD:
6002:4th century AD:
5991:4th century AD:
5979:
5965:
5952:6th century BC:
5941:7th century BC:
5914:
5895:7th century AD:
5832:
5831:
5804:Southern Ndebele
5799:
5798:
5767:
5738:
5737:
5718:
5717:
5698:
5697:
5667:
5666:
5647:
5646:
5598:
5597:
5575:
5574:
5544:
5543:
5524:
5523:
5485:
5484:
5465:
5464:
5440:
5439:
5420:
5419:
5392:
5391:
5368:
5367:
5325:
5324:
5304:
5303:
5288:A Santali Primer
5278:
5277:
5250:
5249:
5223:
5222:
5191:
5190:
5165:
5163:
5133:
5132:
5105:
5104:
5077:
5076:
5051:
5050:
5016:
5015:
5005:Martin Frobisher
4991:
4990:
4971:
4970:
4948:
4947:
4925:
4924:
4914:by Pehr Högström
4902:
4901:
4875:
4874:
4844:
4843:
4819:
4818:
4808:Herlein fragment
4799:
4798:
4776:
4775:
4729:Vocabula Gallica
4720:
4711:by Abdallah Suka
4700:
4678:
4669:Classical Arabic
4664:Hassan el-Karray
4651:
4650:
4641:Algonquian Bible
4619:
4618:
4585:
4584:
4547:
4522:
4521:
4496:
4495:
4476:
4475:
4447:
4446:
4425:
4408:
4407:
4380:
4358:
4357:
4329:
4328:
4307:
4306:
4287:
4286:
4264:
4263:
4237:
4236:
4206:
4205:
4181:
4180:
4150:
4149:
4130:
4129:
4110:
4109:
4071:
4070:
4059:Francysk Skaryna
4045:
4044:
4015:
3996:
3995:
3989:
3986:
3968:
3967:
3961:
3940:
3915:
3914:
3891:
3862:
3829:
3828:
3800:
3740:
3739:
3717:
3716:
3697:
3672:
3662:Imadaddin Nasimi
3642:
3622:
3579:
3553:
3532:
3531:
3520:Book of Henryków
3509:
3488:
3476:Westrogothic law
3464:
3433:prophesy in the
3389:
3388:
3365:
3345:
3335:Nodicia de kesos
3312:
3290:
3289:
3256:mid-12th century
3242:
3219:
3218:
3202:and the will of
3199:Notícia de Torto
3180:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3131:
3130:
3111:
3075:
3045:Mahabodhi Temple
3027:
3026:
3005:
2970:
2950:
2929:
2905:
2904:
2883:
2882:
2862:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2834:
2833:
2827:
2781:
2773:
2750:
2730:
2729:
2720:
2697:
2686:Nodicia de Kesos
2675:
2653:
2635:
2634:
2609:late 9th century
2556:The 9th century
2527:
2510:
2509:
2487:
2467:
2447:Praecepta medica
2438:late 8th century
2409:
2393:Würzburg glosses
2384:
2364:
2363:
2354:
2349:Undley bracteate
2333:
2313:late 7th century
2236:
2225:Sinai palimpsest
2215:
2179:
2158:
2157:
2137:
2069:on the Salic law
2054:
2003:
1995:
1968:
1947:
1939:
1920:
1903:, translated by
1870:
1858:inscriptions of
1849:
1829:
1828:
1806:
1805:
1778:
1777:
1739:
1719:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1577:
1553:
1490:
1461:
1453:
1450:have been dated
1442:Edicts of Ashoka
1432:
1423:Tabula Veliterna
1380:
1362:) and VA-6 from
1349:
1329:
1274:
1251:
1227:
1206:
1184:
1163:
1149:Inscription and
1119:
1051:
1033:
1013:
993:
928:
909:
908:
905:
893:
850:
816:
802:
792:
778:
768:
754:
744:
730:
697:
676:
655:
633:
608:
588:
559:
549:See also tablet
537:
513:
501:
497:
472:
464:
442:
422:
410:
385:Tell Abū Ṣalābīḫ
370:
359:
323:Kesh temple hymn
308:
257:
238:
237:
118:Elamite language
100:and the rise of
67:
63:
21:
17037:
17036:
17032:
17031:
17030:
17028:
17027:
17026:
17007:Lists of firsts
16987:
16986:
16985:
16976:
16969:
16962:
16955:
16944:
16937:
16930:
16923:
16916:
16909:
16895:
16888:
16881:
16874:
16867:
16860:
16853:
16846:
16835:
16828:
16821:
16814:
16807:
16800:
16793:
16788:Charles Barbier
16786:
16779:
16768:
16761:
16754:
16747:
16740:
16733:
16726:
16719:
16712:
16705:
16698:
16691:
16678:
16671:
16664:
16656:
16649:
16642:
16635:
16620:
16612:
16605:
16598:
16587:
16580:
16573:
16564:
16557:
16550:
16543:
16538:
16527:
16519:
16513:Frequency-based
16508:
16500:
16485:
16478:
16470:
16463:
16455:
16448:
16441:
16434:
16426:
16419:
16412:
16405:
16394:
16386:
16379:
16372:
16365:
16358:
16351:
16344:
16337:
16330:
16323:
16316:
16309:Bharati Braille
16306:
16300:
16292:
16285:
16278:
16267:
16261:
16254:
16247:
16240:
16233:
16226:
16219:
16212:
16205:
16194:
16188:
16181:
16176:
16169:
16164:
16159:
16154:
16147:
16140:
16133:
16126:
16115:
16108:
16101:
16094:
16087:
16080:
16072:
16065:
16058:
16051:
16044:
16037:
16030:
16023:
16016:
16009:
16002:
15995:
15988:
15980:
15973:
15966:
15959:
15952:
15945:
15938:
15931:
15924:
15917:
15910:
15903:
15896:
15889:
15883:Unified English
15877:
15870:
15863:
15855:
15848:
15841:
15834:
15827:
15812:Braille scripts
15807:
15800:
15793:
15786:
15779:
15768:
15764:
15759:
15714:
15529:
15512:
15508:Stokoe notation
15484:
15463:
15422:
15377:
15356:
15340:
15304:
15283:Logoconsonantal
15278:
15227:
15180:
15149:
15056:
15039:
15020:Siglas poveiras
14941:
14920:
14879:
14783:Younger Futhark
14487:Gregg shorthand
14283:
14262:
14115:
13767:
13497:
13480:
13259:
13242:
13225:
13198:Writing systems
13186:
13161:
13159:writing systems
13152:
13122:
13117:
13096:
13045:
12972:
12947:Writing systems
12935:
12899:
12890:
12888:Writing systems
12885:
12848:
12846:
12842:
12836:
12825:
12812:
12787:
12722:
12700:
12678:
12656:
12630:
12621:
12619:
12610:
12609:
12605:
12598:
12573:
12569:
12562:
12540:
12536:
12527:
12525:
12514:
12507:
12500:
12486:Hellwig, Birgit
12483:
12479:
12470:
12468:
12454:
12448:
12439:
12430:
12428:
12424:
12393:
12387:
12383:
12373:
12371:
12367:
12361:
12346:
12340:
12336:
12325:
12321:
12312:
12310:
12295:
12291:
12275:
12274:
12262:
12258:
12253:
12249:
12240:
12238:
12234:
12228:
12209:
12203:
12199:
12188:
12184:
12177:
12163:
12159:
12150:
12148:
12141:
12125:
12121:
12112:
12110:
12101:
12100:
12096:
12087:
12085:
12081:
12074:
12068:
12064:
12054:
12052:
12045:
12029:
12025:
12015:
12013:
12006:
11990:
11986:
11973:
11969:
11954:
11950:
11943:
11929:
11922:
11899:
11890:
11879:
11877:
11866:
11865:
11861:
11848:
11844:
11828:
11827:
11821:
11819:
11812:"Archived copy"
11810:
11809:
11805:
11795:
11793:
11784:
11783:
11779:
11770:
11768:
11764:
11741:
11735:
11731:
11708:
11704:
11699:Wayback Machine
11688:
11687:
11680:
11673:
11659:MacKenzie, D.N.
11656:
11649:
11640:
11638:
11634:
11628:
11613:
11607:
11603:
11594:
11592:
11582:
11578:
11570:
11556:
11552:
11545:
11523:
11519:
11512:
11498:
11494:
11487:
11473:
11469:
11442:
11438:
11427:
11423:
11416:
11415:
11411:
11402:
11400:
11381:
11374:
11365:
11363:
11344:"Sylheti Nagri"
11340:
11336:
11327:
11325:
11321:
11314:
11308:
11304:
11297:
11283:
11279:
11271:
11267:
11259:
11245:
11241:
11234:
11220:
11216:
11209:
11195:
11191:
11180:
11176:
11167:
11165:
11161:
11146:
11137:
11133:
11116:
11110:
11106:
11099:
11079:
11075:
11068:
11054:
11047:
11040:
11036:
11029:
11025:
11017:
11013:
10996:
10992:
10985:
10981:
10973:
10959:
10955:
10946:
10944:
10937:
10918:
10914:
10907:
10903:
10880:
10876:
10849:
10845:
10832:
10828:
10818:
10816:
10811:(14): 597–604.
10797:
10793:
10780:(in Croatian),
10767:
10763:
10756:
10752:
10745:
10741:
10731:
10729:
10712:
10708:
10701:
10687:
10683:
10673:
10671:
10658:
10657:
10653:
10639:
10635:
10626:
10624:
10605:Malla, Kamal P.
10602:
10598:
10591:
10577:
10573:
10566:
10552:
10548:
10541:
10527:
10523:
10516:
10502:
10498:
10491:
10487:
10480:
10476:
10469:
10465:
10458:
10444:
10440:
10431:
10429:
10419:
10415:
10406:
10404:
10395:
10394:
10390:
10381:
10379:
10372:
10353:
10349:
10342:
10338:
10331:
10317:
10313:
10304:
10302:
10295:
10279:
10275:
10266:
10264:
10251:
10250:
10246:
10238:
10234:
10227:
10213:Lunt, Horace G.
10210:
10206:
10200:Wayback Machine
10191:
10187:
10163:10.2307/3679398
10147:
10143:
10136:
10122:
10118:
10111:
10110:, t. 15, 1956,
10103:
10102:16, June 1999,
10099:
10091:
10087:
10085:
10081:
10074:
10060:
10056:
10046:
10044:
10043:on 3 March 2016
10029:
10025:
10015:
10013:
10003:
9999:
9989:
9987:
9975:
9971:
9963:
9956:
9947:
9943:
9926:Wayback Machine
9916:
9912:
9903:
9899:
9888:
9884:
9868:
9864:
9860:
9853:
9839:
9835:
9828:
9814:
9810:
9803:
9781:
9777:
9754:
9750:
9743:
9733:A Guide to Ogam
9729:
9725:
9718:
9704:
9700:
9693:
9671:
9667:
9652:
9648:
9641:
9627:
9623:
9616:
9594:
9590:
9574:
9565:
9561:
9554:
9540:
9536:
9529:
9507:
9503:
9494:
9492:
9469:Vostok (Oriens)
9461:
9457:
9450:
9437:
9432:
9428:
9421:
9405:
9401:
9394:
9376:
9372:
9359:
9355:
9348:
9334:
9330:
9316:
9314:
9301:
9300:
9296:
9289:
9267:
9263:
9254:
9252:
9232:
9228:
9218:
9216:
9206:
9205:
9201:
9193:
9182:
9175:
9153:
9149:
9140:
9138:
9134:
9119:
9113:
9109:
9100:
9098:
9091:
9073:
9069:
9062:
9040:
9036:
9029:
9007:
9003:
8996:
8982:
8978:
8939:
8935:
8926:
8924:
8920:
8873:
8867:
8863:
8856:
8842:
8838:
8833:
8829:
8822:
8808:
8804:
8794:
8792:
8788:
8782:
8767:
8761:
8757:
8747:
8745:
8736:
8735:
8731:
8724:
8710:
8706:
8691:
8689:
8670:
8666:
8657:
8655:
8651:
8644:
8636:
8632:
8622:
8620:
8613:
8595:
8591:
8583:
8579:
8572:
8558:
8554:
8547:
8533:
8529:
8522:
8505:
8501:
8481:
8477:
8446:
8442:
8434:
8420:
8416:
8408:
8404:
8396:
8386:Writing Systems
8382:
8378:
8370:
8366:
8359:
8337:
8333:
8325:
8321:
8305:
8301:
8291:
8289:
8281:
8275:
8271:
8261:Wayback Machine
8250:
8246:
8217:
8213:
8206:
8184:
8180:
8173:
8151:
8147:
8139:
8135:
8127:
8105:
8101:
8085:
8081:
8074:
8060:
8056:
8047:
8045:
8038:
8022:
8018:
8011:
7997:
7993:
7983:
7981:
7977:
7973:
7972:
7968:
7961:
7939:
7935:
7928:
7906:
7902:
7895:
7877:
7873:
7850:10.2307/1356612
7834:
7830:
7807:
7803:
7796:
7774:
7770:
7731:
7727:
7720:
7706:
7702:
7695:
7681:
7677:
7669:
7665:
7657:
7653:
7643:
7641:
7632:
7631:
7627:
7618:
7616:
7609:
7591:
7587:
7579:
7575:
7567:
7563:
7555:
7541:
7537:
7530:
7508:
7504:
7496:
7485:
7478:
7455:
7451:
7441:
7439:
7430:
7429:
7425:
7417:
7413:
7404:
7402:
7398:
7391:
7382:
7378:
7371:
7349:
7345:
7338:
7316:
7309:
7282:
7278:
7271:
7249:
7245:
7238:
7216:
7212:
7205:
7191:
7187:
7178:
7176:
7163:
7162:
7158:
7149:
7147:
7134:
7133:
7129:
7122:
7108:
7104:
7097:
7083:
7079:
7070:
7068:
7061:
7045:Clay, Albert T.
7042:
7038:
7029:
7025:
7007:
6979:
6975:
6968:
6948:
6944:
6936:
6932:
6925:
6903:
6899:
6892:
6878:Allen, James P.
6875:
6868:
6860:
6856:
6848:
6844:
6837:
6823:
6819:
6809:
6807:
6803:
6797:
6782:
6776:
6772:
6764:
6750:
6746:
6737:
6695:
6651:Game of Thrones
6618:created by Dr.
6497:created by the
6478:Lancelot Hogben
6299:
6293:
6206:: 10th century)
6204:Khitan language
6168:: 12th century
6148:: 8th century (
6132:: 8th century (
6122:: 7th century (
6112:: 7th century (
6102:: 5th century (
6100:South Caucasian
5986:Ashokan Prakrit
5915:21st century BC
5862:language family
5858:
5852:
5828:
5795:
5734:
5714:
5694:
5663:
5643:
5603:Guugu Yimidhirr
5594:
5571:
5540:
5520:
5481:
5461:
5452:First complete
5436:
5416:
5409:Thomas Mitchell
5388:
5364:
5349:Nicolaas Witsen
5337:, a grammar by
5321:
5300:
5274:
5246:
5219:
5187:
5160:
5129:
5114:description by
5101:
5073:
5047:
5012:
4987:
4980:doggerel verses
4967:
4953:Sydney language
4944:
4921:
4898:
4871:
4840:
4833:Richard Hakluyt
4815:
4795:
4772:
4759:(1867) and the
4718:
4698:
4656:Tunisian Arabic
4647:
4615:
4581:
4518:
4492:
4472:
4443:
4404:
4354:
4325:
4303:
4283:
4275:Andrés de Olmos
4260:
4233:
4202:
4177:
4172:by convention.
4146:
4126:
4106:
4081:Neacșu's Letter
4067:
4041:
3990:
3984:
3981:
3965:
3959:
3938:
3911:
3882:Mikael Agricola
3825:
3811:Quốc âm thi tập
3736:
3713:
3655:Ottoman Turkish
3620:
3558:Western Lombard
3528:
3439:Glasney College
3385:
3326:Previously the
3286:
3215:
3154:
3153:
3143:from Uku Baha,
3127:
3023:
3015:Jurament Feudal
2996:Hand of Irulegi
2955:Old East Slavic
2938:inscription at
2901:
2879:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2831:
2825:
2779:
2748:
2726:
2715:Veronese Riddle
2631:
2523:
2506:
2453:Codex Vossianus
2397:Primitive Irish
2360:
2154:
2118:mid-6th century
2105:Old High German
2019:Mesrop Mashtots
1825:
1802:
1774:
1652:
1488:
1478:inscription at
1437:Ashokan Prakrit
1260:Esk 168 and 177
1225:
966:10th century BC
947:10th century BC
900:Isthmian script
825:
818:
809:of the Chinese
803:
794:
779:
770:
755:
746:
731:
613:Mycenaean Greek
587:16th century BC
586:
512:21st century BC
511:
456:Pyramid of Unas
441:24th century BC
440:
401:Legend of Etana
306:
211:Minoan language
156:Mycenaean Greek
126:from the small
90:
84:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
17035:
17025:
17024:
17019:
17014:
17009:
17004:
16999:
16982:
16981:
16978:
16977:
16975:
16974:
16967:
16960:
16952:
16950:
16949:Related topics
16946:
16945:
16943:
16942:
16935:
16928:
16925:New York Point
16921:
16914:
16906:
16904:
16897:
16896:
16894:
16893:
16886:
16879:
16872:
16865:
16858:
16851:
16843:
16841:
16837:
16836:
16834:
16833:
16826:
16819:
16812:
16809:Harris Mowbray
16805:
16798:
16791:
16784:
16776:
16774:
16770:
16769:
16767:
16766:
16759:
16752:
16745:
16738:
16731:
16724:
16717:
16710:
16703:
16696:
16693:Braille e-book
16688:
16686:
16680:
16679:
16677:
16676:
16669:
16662:
16654:
16647:
16640:
16632:
16630:
16626:
16625:
16622:
16621:
16619:
16618:
16610:
16603:
16595:
16593:
16589:
16588:
16586:
16585:
16578:
16571:
16570:
16569:
16562:
16555:
16548:
16535:
16533:
16529:
16528:
16526:
16525:
16516:
16514:
16510:
16509:
16507:
16506:
16497:
16495:
16491:
16490:
16487:
16486:
16484:
16483:
16476:
16468:
16461:
16453:
16446:
16439:
16432:
16424:
16417:
16410:
16402:
16400:
16396:
16395:
16393:
16392:
16384:
16377:
16370:
16363:
16356:
16349:
16342:
16335:
16328:
16321:
16313:
16311:
16302:
16301:
16299:
16298:
16290:
16283:
16275:
16273:
16263:
16262:
16260:
16259:
16252:
16245:
16238:
16231:
16224:
16217:
16210:
16202:
16200:
16190:
16189:
16187:
16186:
16185:
16184:
16179:
16174:
16167:
16162:
16157:
16145:
16138:
16131:
16123:
16121:
16114:
16113:
16106:
16099:
16092:
16085:
16078:
16070:
16063:
16056:
16049:
16042:
16035:
16028:
16021:
16014:
16007:
16000:
15993:
15986:
15978:
15971:
15964:
15957:
15950:
15943:
15936:
15929:
15922:
15915:
15908:
15901:
15894:
15887:
15875:
15868:
15861:
15853:
15846:
15839:
15832:
15824:
15822:
15820:French-ordered
15813:
15809:
15808:
15806:
15805:
15798:
15791:
15784:
15776:
15774:
15770:
15769:
15758:
15757:
15750:
15743:
15735:
15728:
15727:
15724:
15723:
15720:
15719:
15716:
15715:
15713:
15712:
15707:
15702:
15697:
15692:
15687:
15682:
15677:
15672:
15667:
15662:
15660:Linear Elamite
15657:
15652:
15647:
15642:
15641:
15640:
15635:
15630:
15625:
15620:
15615:
15605:
15600:
15595:
15590:
15585:
15580:
15575:
15570:
15565:
15560:
15555:
15550:
15545:
15540:
15534:
15531:
15530:
15518:
15517:
15514:
15513:
15511:
15510:
15505:
15500:
15495:
15489:
15486:
15485:
15482:Sign languages
15473:
15472:
15469:
15468:
15465:
15464:
15462:
15461:
15459:Quốc Âm Tân Tự
15456:
15451:
15446:
15441:
15436:
15434:Espanca script
15430:
15428:
15424:
15423:
15421:
15420:
15415:
15410:
15405:
15400:
15395:
15393:Linear Elamite
15389:
15387:
15379:
15378:
15366:
15365:
15362:
15361:
15358:
15357:
15355:
15354:
15348:
15346:
15342:
15341:
15339:
15338:
15333:
15328:
15323:
15318:
15312:
15310:
15306:
15305:
15303:
15302:
15297:
15292:
15286:
15284:
15280:
15279:
15277:
15276:
15274:Yi (Classical)
15271:
15266:
15261:
15256:
15251:
15246:
15241:
15235:
15233:
15229:
15228:
15226:
15225:
15220:
15215:
15210:
15205:
15200:
15194:
15192:
15186:
15185:
15182:
15181:
15179:
15178:
15173:
15168:
15163:
15157:
15155:
15151:
15150:
15148:
15147:
15142:
15137:
15132:
15127:
15122:
15121:
15120:
15115:
15110:
15100:
15098:Bronze scripts
15095:
15090:
15085:
15079:
15077:
15068:
15058:
15057:
15045:
15044:
15041:
15040:
15038:
15037:
15032:
15027:
15022:
15017:
15012:
15007:
15002:
14997:
14992:
14987:
14982:
14977:
14972:
14967:
14962:
14957:
14952:
14946:
14943:
14942:
14930:
14929:
14926:
14925:
14922:
14921:
14919:
14918:
14913:
14911:Flag semaphore
14908:
14906:New York Point
14903:
14901:Telegraph code
14898:
14896:Maritime flags
14893:
14887:
14885:
14881:
14880:
14878:
14877:
14872:
14867:
14862:
14857:
14852:
14850:Visible Speech
14847:
14842:
14837:
14832:
14827:
14822:
14820:Sorang Sompeng
14817:
14812:
14807:
14806:
14805:
14800:
14795:
14790:
14785:
14780:
14775:
14770:
14765:
14755:
14750:
14745:
14740:
14735:
14730:
14725:
14724:
14723:
14722:
14721:
14716:
14711:
14706:
14704:Galik alphabet
14701:
14686:
14681:
14676:
14671:
14666:
14661:
14656:
14651:
14646:
14641:
14636:
14631:
14626:
14621:
14616:
14611:
14610:
14609:
14604:
14602:Tironian notes
14599:
14594:
14589:
14584:
14579:
14574:
14569:
14564:
14559:
14554:
14549:
14544:
14534:
14529:
14524:
14519:
14514:
14509:
14504:
14499:
14489:
14484:
14479:
14474:
14469:
14468:
14467:
14462:
14457:
14447:
14445:Garay alphabet
14442:
14437:
14432:
14427:
14422:
14417:
14412:
14407:
14402:
14397:
14396:
14395:
14385:
14380:
14379:
14378:
14373:
14363:
14358:
14353:
14348:
14343:
14338:
14333:
14328:
14323:
14322:
14321:
14311:
14306:
14301:
14295:
14293:
14285:
14284:
14272:
14271:
14268:
14267:
14264:
14263:
14261:
14260:
14255:
14250:
14245:
14240:
14235:
14230:
14228:Sorang Sompeng
14225:
14220:
14215:
14210:
14205:
14200:
14195:
14190:
14185:
14180:
14175:
14170:
14165:
14160:
14155:
14154:
14153:
14151:Déné syllabics
14148:
14138:
14133:
14127:
14125:
14121:
14120:
14117:
14116:
14114:
14113:
14112:
14111:
14106:
14096:
14095:
14094:
14089:
14084:
14079:
14074:
14069:
14064:
14054:
14049:
14044:
14039:
14034:
14029:
14024:
14019:
14014:
14009:
14004:
13999:
13994:
13989:
13988:
13987:
13977:
13972:
13967:
13962:
13957:
13952:
13947:
13942:
13941:
13940:
13935:
13925:
13920:
13915:
13914:
13913:
13903:
13898:
13893:
13888:
13883:
13878:
13877:
13876:
13866:
13861:
13856:
13851:
13846:
13841:
13836:
13831:
13826:
13821:
13816:
13811:
13806:
13801:
13796:
13791:
13786:
13781:
13775:
13773:
13769:
13768:
13766:
13765:
13760:
13755:
13754:
13753:
13748:
13738:
13733:
13728:
13723:
13718:
13713:
13708:
13707:
13706:
13696:
13695:
13694:
13689:
13684:
13679:
13674:
13669:
13664:
13659:
13654:
13649:
13644:
13639:
13629:
13624:
13619:
13614:
13609:
13604:
13599:
13594:
13589:
13584:
13579:
13574:
13569:
13564:
13559:
13554:
13549:
13544:
13539:
13534:
13529:
13524:
13518:
13516:
13509:
13499:
13498:
13486:
13485:
13482:
13481:
13479:
13478:
13473:
13468:
13467:
13466:
13461:
13456:
13446:
13441:
13440:
13439:
13434:
13424:
13419:
13414:
13412:Proto-Sinaitic
13409:
13404:
13403:
13402:
13392:
13387:
13386:
13385:
13380:
13375:
13370:
13360:
13355:
13350:
13345:
13340:
13335:
13334:
13333:
13328:
13323:
13318:
13308:
13303:
13298:
13297:
13296:
13286:
13285:
13284:
13273:
13272:
13264:
13261:
13260:
13244:
13243:
13231:
13230:
13227:
13226:
13224:
13223:
13217:
13216:
13215:
13210:
13205:
13194:
13192:
13188:
13187:
13185:
13184:
13179:
13173:
13171:
13163:
13162:
13151:
13150:
13143:
13136:
13128:
13119:
13118:
13116:
13115:
13110:
13104:
13102:
13101:Related topics
13098:
13097:
13095:
13094:
13089:
13084:
13079:
13074:
13069:
13064:
13059:
13053:
13051:
13047:
13046:
13044:
13043:
13038:
13033:
13028:
13023:
13018:
13013:
13008:
13003:
12998:
12993:
12988:
12982:
12980:
12974:
12973:
12971:
12970:
12965:
12960:
12955:
12949:
12943:
12941:
12937:
12936:
12934:
12933:
12928:
12923:
12918:
12913:
12907:
12905:
12901:
12900:
12895:
12892:
12891:
12884:
12883:
12876:
12869:
12861:
12855:
12854:
12834:
12816:
12810:
12791:
12785:
12772:
12762:(3): 377–389,
12747:
12726:
12720:
12704:
12698:
12682:
12676:
12660:
12654:
12640:Bagley, Robert
12635:
12634:
12629:
12628:
12603:
12596:
12567:
12560:
12534:
12505:
12498:
12477:
12437:
12404:(3): 216–232.
12381:
12359:
12334:
12319:
12289:
12256:
12247:
12226:
12197:
12182:
12175:
12157:
12139:
12119:
12094:
12062:
12043:
12023:
12004:
11984:
11967:
11948:
11941:
11920:
11888:
11859:
11849:E. A. Alpers,
11842:
11803:
11777:
11746:Sudanic Africa
11729:
11702:
11678:
11671:
11647:
11626:
11601:
11576:
11568:
11550:
11543:
11517:
11510:
11492:
11485:
11467:
11456:(2): 223–235.
11436:
11421:
11409:
11372:
11348:Islam, Sirajul
11334:
11302:
11295:
11277:
11265:
11257:
11239:
11232:
11214:
11207:
11189:
11174:
11157:(2): 158–162.
11131:
11104:
11097:
11073:
11066:
11045:
11034:
11023:
11011:
10990:
10979:
10971:
10953:
10935:
10912:
10901:
10890:(4): 367–368.
10874:
10843:
10826:
10791:
10761:
10750:
10739:
10706:
10699:
10681:
10651:
10633:
10619:(1–2): 15–26.
10596:
10589:
10571:
10564:
10546:
10539:
10521:
10514:
10496:
10485:
10474:
10463:
10456:
10438:
10413:
10388:
10370:
10347:
10336:
10329:
10311:
10293:
10273:
10244:
10242:, p. 289.
10240:Pollock (2003)
10232:
10225:
10204:
10185:
10141:
10134:
10116:
10079:
10072:
10054:
10023:
9997:
9969:
9954:
9941:
9910:
9897:
9882:
9858:
9851:
9833:
9826:
9808:
9801:
9775:
9764:(2): 291–319.
9748:
9741:
9723:
9716:
9698:
9691:
9665:
9646:
9639:
9621:
9614:
9588:
9559:
9552:
9534:
9527:
9501:
9455:
9448:
9436:木簡에 기록된 古代 韓國語
9426:
9419:
9399:
9392:
9384:Goti e Vandali
9370:
9360:Rembert Eufe,
9353:
9346:
9328:
9307:Valkhof Museum
9294:
9287:
9261:
9226:
9199:
9180:
9173:
9147:
9107:
9089:
9067:
9060:
9034:
9027:
9001:
8994:
8976:
8933:
8861:
8854:
8836:
8827:
8820:
8802:
8780:
8755:
8729:
8722:
8704:
8664:
8630:
8611:
8589:
8577:
8570:
8552:
8545:
8527:
8520:
8499:
8475:
8440:
8438:, pp. 121–122.
8432:
8414:
8410:Pollock (2003)
8402:
8394:
8376:
8374:, p. 140.
8364:
8357:
8331:
8319:
8299:
8269:
8244:
8211:
8204:
8178:
8171:
8145:
8133:
8125:
8099:
8079:
8072:
8054:
8036:
8016:
8009:
7991:
7966:
7959:
7933:
7926:
7900:
7893:
7871:
7844:(230): 39–43.
7828:
7801:
7794:
7768:
7747:10.1086/373654
7725:
7718:
7700:
7693:
7675:
7671:Woodard (2008)
7663:
7659:Woodard (2008)
7651:
7625:
7607:
7585:
7573:
7561:
7553:
7535:
7528:
7502:
7483:
7476:
7449:
7423:
7419:Olivier (1986)
7411:
7376:
7369:
7343:
7336:
7307:
7276:
7269:
7243:
7236:
7210:
7203:
7185:
7156:
7127:
7120:
7102:
7095:
7077:
7059:
7036:
7023:
7005:
6973:
6966:
6942:
6930:
6923:
6897:
6890:
6866:
6862:Woodard (2008)
6854:
6850:Woodard (2008)
6842:
6835:
6817:
6795:
6770:
6762:
6743:
6742:
6741:
6736:
6733:
6732:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6694:
6691:
6688:
6687:
6675:
6664:
6659:
6655:
6654:
6638:
6636:
6631:
6627:
6626:
6616:
6609:
6604:
6600:
6599:
6593:
6586:
6581:
6577:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6566:
6562:
6561:
6554:
6552:
6547:
6543:
6542:
6536:
6529:
6524:
6520:
6519:
6513:
6511:
6506:
6502:
6501:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6481:
6480:
6474:
6466:
6463:
6459:
6458:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6438:
6437:
6435:Otto Jespersen
6431:
6429:
6424:
6420:
6419:
6413:
6410:Jacob Linzbach
6403:
6393:
6389:
6388:
6382:
6380:
6375:
6371:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6360:
6356:
6355:
6353:L. L. Zamenhof
6349:
6342:
6337:
6333:
6332:
6326:
6324:
6319:
6315:
6314:
6311:
6308:
6305:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6287:
6286:: 20th century
6281:
6271:
6270:: 18th century
6265:
6247:
6233:
6232:: 16th century
6227:
6217:
6207:
6197:
6196:
6195:
6186:14th century:
6184:
6175:
6171:12th century:
6163:
6153:
6143:
6137:
6127:
6117:
6107:
6097:
6087:
6081:
6067:
6066:
6065:
6054:
6035:
6034:
6033:
6022:
6011:
6000:
5989:
5975:
5961:
5950:
5939:
5933:
5916:
5909:Hurro-Urartian
5906:
5905:
5904:
5893:
5878:
5857:
5854:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5839:
5834:
5825:
5824:
5809:
5806:
5801:
5792:
5791:
5780:
5774:
5769:
5762:
5761:
5758:
5752:Andrei Glavina
5745:
5743:Istro-Romanian
5740:
5731:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5720:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5700:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5684:, assisted by
5682:Onesimos Nesib
5674:
5669:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5649:
5640:
5639:
5628:
5613:Wilhelm Poland
5605:
5600:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5582:
5577:
5568:
5567:
5560:
5551:
5546:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5526:
5517:
5516:
5501:
5492:
5487:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5467:
5458:
5457:
5450:
5447:
5442:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5422:
5413:
5412:
5405:
5403:William Ridley
5399:
5394:
5385:
5384:
5381:
5375:
5370:
5361:
5360:
5341:
5332:
5327:
5318:
5317:
5311:
5306:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5285:
5280:
5271:
5270:
5263:
5257:
5252:
5243:
5242:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5216:
5215:
5208:
5198:
5193:
5184:
5183:
5173:
5171:
5166:
5157:
5156:
5149:
5140:
5135:
5126:
5125:
5118:
5112:
5107:
5098:
5097:
5094:
5088:Thomas Kendall
5084:
5079:
5070:
5069:
5060:
5058:
5053:
5044:
5043:
5032:
5023:
5018:
5009:
5008:
5001:
4998:
4993:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4973:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4955:
4950:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4932:
4930:Haitian Creole
4927:
4918:
4917:
4915:
4909:
4904:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4882:
4877:
4868:
4867:
4860:
4851:
4846:
4837:
4836:
4829:
4826:
4821:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4801:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4783:
4778:
4769:
4768:
4749:
4743:
4738:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4706:
4701:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4685:
4680:
4673:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4653:
4644:
4643:
4633:
4626:
4621:
4612:
4611:
4602:
4596:Xayru 'l-bayān
4592:
4587:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4566:
4549:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4530:
4524:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4503:
4498:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4478:
4469:
4468:
4457:
4454:
4449:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4410:
4401:
4400:
4393:
4387:
4382:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4365:
4360:
4351:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4334:Crimean Gothic
4331:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4289:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4271:
4266:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4244:
4239:
4230:
4229:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4199:
4198:
4191:
4188:
4183:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4158:
4152:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4132:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4112:
4103:
4102:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4052:
4047:
4038:
4037:
4025:
4022:
4017:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3992:
3991:
3971:
3969:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3922:
3917:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3898:
3893:
3886:
3885:
3872:
3869:
3864:
3857:
3856:
3847:
3836:
3831:
3822:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3802:
3795:
3794:
3777:
3771:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3724:
3719:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3699:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3679:
3674:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3658:
3644:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3560:
3555:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3539:
3534:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3516:
3511:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3495:
3490:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3471:
3466:
3459:
3458:
3441:
3431:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3408:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3340:
3339:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3297:
3292:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3243:1000) and the
3233:
3226:
3221:
3212:
3211:
3194:
3187:
3182:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3166:
3161:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3138:
3133:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3113:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3082:
3077:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3058:
3053:
3049:
3048:
3037:
3034:
3029:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3000:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2972:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:Novgorod Codex
2957:
2952:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2931:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2912:
2907:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2858:
2857:
2837:
2835:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2797:
2791:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2723:
2722:
2711:
2704:
2699:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2682:
2677:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2660:
2655:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2637:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2554:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2517:
2512:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2489:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2426:Tibetan Annals
2421:
2416:
2411:
2404:
2403:
2394:
2391:
2386:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2357:
2356:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2305:ostracon from
2303:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2272:Dongguan Hanji
2260:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2222:
2217:
2210:
2209:
2202:(711–712) and
2194:
2193:wooden tablets
2186:
2181:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2165:
2160:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2139:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:Mokgan No. 221
2124:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:Pforzen buckle
2107:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2061:
2056:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2023:Armenian Bible
2016:
2014:Tekor Basilica
2010:
2005:
1998:
1997:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1942:
1941:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1915:
1914:
1907:
1898:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1877:
1872:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:Ezana of Aksum
1856:
1851:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1808:
1799:
1798:
1791:
1787:Stela 29 from
1785:
1780:
1771:
1770:
1759:
1757:weapon deposit
1750:NITHIJO TAWIDE
1746:
1741:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1656:Late Antiquity
1651:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1637:
1623:
1618:
1617:1st century BC
1614:
1613:
1611:
1601:
1596:
1595:1st century BC
1592:
1591:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1560:
1555:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1535:
1530:
1529:2nd century BC
1526:
1525:
1507:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1473:
1463:
1456:
1455:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1416:
1415:3rd century BC
1412:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1401:
1400:3rd century BC
1397:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1356:
1351:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1213:
1208:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1144:
1139:
1138:7th century BC
1135:
1134:
1132:
1126:
1121:
1114:
1113:
1106:
1100:
1095:
1094:8th century BC
1091:
1090:
1088:
1081:
1071:
1070:8th century BC
1067:
1066:
1064:
1058:
1053:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1000:
995:
988:
987:
981:
979:Gezer calendar
976:
967:
963:
962:
960:
953:
948:
944:
943:
941:
935:
930:
923:
922:
919:
916:
913:
857:Early Iron Age
824:
821:
820:
819:
804:
797:
795:
780:
773:
771:
756:
749:
747:
732:
725:
720:
719:
717:
704:
699:
692:
691:
689:
683:
678:
671:
670:
668:
662:
657:
650:
649:
646:
640:
635:
628:
627:
624:
615:
610:
603:
602:
600:
594:
589:
583:
582:
575:
566:
561:
554:
553:
547:
544:
539:
532:
531:
529:
519:
514:
508:
507:
504:Linear Elamite
494:attested from
488:
479:
474:
467:
466:
459:
448:
443:
437:
436:
434:
429:
424:
417:
416:
388:
377:
372:
365:
364:
342:
314:
309:
302:
301:
286:Narmer Palette
282:
264:
259:
252:
251:
248:
245:
242:
221:
220:
214:
200:
189:
160:
159:
145:
131:
128:Hurro-Urartian
121:
83:
82:Before 1000 BC
80:
52:Vedic Sanskrit
44:oral tradition
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
17034:
17023:
17020:
17018:
17015:
17013:
17010:
17008:
17005:
17003:
17000:
16998:
16995:
16994:
16992:
16972:
16968:
16965:
16961:
16958:
16954:
16953:
16951:
16947:
16940:
16936:
16933:
16932:Night writing
16929:
16926:
16922:
16919:
16915:
16912:
16908:
16907:
16905:
16903:
16898:
16891:
16887:
16884:
16880:
16877:
16873:
16870:
16866:
16863:
16859:
16856:
16852:
16849:
16845:
16844:
16842:
16840:Organisations
16838:
16831:
16827:
16824:
16820:
16817:
16813:
16810:
16806:
16803:
16802:Valentin Haüy
16799:
16796:
16792:
16789:
16785:
16782:
16781:Louis Braille
16778:
16777:
16775:
16771:
16764:
16760:
16757:
16753:
16750:
16746:
16743:
16739:
16736:
16732:
16729:
16725:
16722:
16718:
16715:
16714:Braille watch
16711:
16708:
16704:
16701:
16697:
16694:
16690:
16689:
16687:
16685:
16681:
16674:
16670:
16667:
16663:
16659:
16655:
16652:
16648:
16645:
16641:
16638:
16637:Braille music
16634:
16633:
16631:
16627:
16615:
16611:
16608:
16604:
16601:
16600:Luxembourgish
16597:
16596:
16594:
16590:
16583:
16579:
16576:
16572:
16567:
16563:
16560:
16556:
16553:
16549:
16546:
16542:
16541:
16537:
16536:
16534:
16530:
16522:
16518:
16517:
16515:
16511:
16503:
16499:
16498:
16496:
16492:
16481:
16477:
16473:
16469:
16466:
16462:
16458:
16454:
16451:
16447:
16444:
16440:
16437:
16433:
16429:
16425:
16422:
16418:
16415:
16411:
16408:
16404:
16403:
16401:
16399:Other scripts
16397:
16389:
16385:
16382:
16378:
16375:
16371:
16368:
16364:
16361:
16357:
16354:
16350:
16347:
16343:
16340:
16336:
16333:
16329:
16326:
16322:
16319:
16315:
16314:
16312:
16310:
16303:
16295:
16291:
16288:
16284:
16281:
16277:
16276:
16274:
16271:
16264:
16257:
16253:
16250:
16246:
16243:
16239:
16236:
16232:
16229:
16225:
16222:
16218:
16215:
16211:
16208:
16204:
16203:
16201:
16198:
16191:
16180:
16175:
16172:
16171:Northern Sámi
16168:
16163:
16158:
16153:
16152:
16150:
16146:
16143:
16139:
16136:
16132:
16129:
16125:
16124:
16122:
16120:Nordic family
16118:
16111:
16107:
16104:
16100:
16097:
16093:
16090:
16086:
16083:
16079:
16075:
16071:
16068:
16064:
16061:
16060:South African
16057:
16054:
16050:
16047:
16043:
16040:
16036:
16033:
16029:
16026:
16022:
16019:
16015:
16012:
16008:
16005:
16001:
15998:
15994:
15991:
15987:
15983:
15982:Luxembourgish
15979:
15976:
15972:
15969:
15965:
15962:
15958:
15955:
15951:
15948:
15944:
15941:
15937:
15934:
15930:
15927:
15923:
15920:
15916:
15913:
15909:
15906:
15902:
15899:
15895:
15892:
15888:
15884:
15880:
15876:
15873:
15869:
15866:
15862:
15858:
15854:
15851:
15847:
15844:
15840:
15837:
15833:
15830:
15826:
15825:
15823:
15821:
15817:
15814:
15810:
15803:
15799:
15796:
15795:ASCII braille
15792:
15789:
15785:
15782:
15778:
15777:
15775:
15771:
15763:
15756:
15751:
15749:
15744:
15742:
15737:
15736:
15733:
15729:
15711:
15708:
15706:
15703:
15701:
15698:
15696:
15693:
15691:
15688:
15686:
15683:
15681:
15678:
15676:
15673:
15671:
15668:
15666:
15663:
15661:
15658:
15656:
15653:
15651:
15648:
15646:
15643:
15639:
15636:
15634:
15631:
15629:
15626:
15624:
15621:
15619:
15616:
15614:
15611:
15610:
15609:
15606:
15604:
15601:
15599:
15596:
15594:
15591:
15589:
15586:
15584:
15581:
15579:
15576:
15574:
15571:
15569:
15566:
15564:
15561:
15559:
15556:
15554:
15551:
15549:
15546:
15544:
15541:
15539:
15536:
15535:
15532:
15528:
15523:
15519:
15509:
15506:
15504:
15501:
15499:
15496:
15494:
15491:
15490:
15487:
15483:
15478:
15474:
15460:
15457:
15455:
15452:
15450:
15447:
15445:
15442:
15440:
15437:
15435:
15432:
15431:
15429:
15425:
15419:
15416:
15414:
15411:
15409:
15406:
15404:
15401:
15399:
15396:
15394:
15391:
15390:
15388:
15384:
15380:
15376:
15371:
15367:
15353:
15350:
15349:
15347:
15343:
15337:
15334:
15332:
15329:
15327:
15326:Attic (Greek)
15324:
15322:
15319:
15317:
15314:
15313:
15311:
15307:
15301:
15298:
15296:
15293:
15291:
15288:
15287:
15285:
15281:
15275:
15272:
15270:
15267:
15265:
15264:Proto-Elamite
15262:
15260:
15257:
15255:
15252:
15250:
15247:
15245:
15242:
15240:
15237:
15236:
15234:
15230:
15224:
15221:
15219:
15216:
15214:
15211:
15209:
15206:
15204:
15201:
15199:
15196:
15195:
15193:
15191:
15187:
15177:
15174:
15172:
15169:
15167:
15164:
15162:
15159:
15158:
15156:
15152:
15146:
15143:
15141:
15138:
15136:
15133:
15131:
15128:
15126:
15123:
15119:
15116:
15114:
15111:
15109:
15106:
15105:
15104:
15101:
15099:
15096:
15094:
15091:
15089:
15086:
15084:
15081:
15080:
15078:
15076:
15072:
15069:
15067:
15063:
15059:
15055:
15050:
15046:
15036:
15033:
15031:
15028:
15026:
15023:
15021:
15018:
15016:
15013:
15011:
15008:
15006:
15003:
15001:
14998:
14996:
14993:
14991:
14988:
14986:
14983:
14981:
14978:
14976:
14973:
14971:
14968:
14966:
14963:
14961:
14958:
14956:
14953:
14951:
14948:
14947:
14944:
14940:
14935:
14931:
14917:
14914:
14912:
14909:
14907:
14904:
14902:
14899:
14897:
14894:
14892:
14889:
14888:
14886:
14882:
14876:
14873:
14871:
14868:
14866:
14863:
14861:
14858:
14856:
14853:
14851:
14848:
14846:
14843:
14841:
14838:
14836:
14833:
14831:
14828:
14826:
14823:
14821:
14818:
14816:
14813:
14811:
14808:
14804:
14801:
14799:
14796:
14794:
14791:
14789:
14786:
14784:
14781:
14779:
14778:Elder Futhark
14776:
14774:
14771:
14769:
14766:
14764:
14761:
14760:
14759:
14756:
14754:
14751:
14749:
14746:
14744:
14741:
14739:
14736:
14734:
14731:
14729:
14726:
14720:
14717:
14715:
14712:
14710:
14707:
14705:
14702:
14700:
14697:
14696:
14695:
14692:
14691:
14690:
14687:
14685:
14682:
14680:
14677:
14675:
14672:
14670:
14669:Old Hungarian
14667:
14665:
14662:
14660:
14657:
14655:
14652:
14650:
14647:
14645:
14642:
14640:
14637:
14635:
14632:
14630:
14627:
14625:
14622:
14620:
14617:
14615:
14612:
14608:
14605:
14603:
14600:
14598:
14595:
14593:
14590:
14588:
14585:
14583:
14580:
14578:
14575:
14573:
14570:
14568:
14565:
14563:
14560:
14558:
14555:
14553:
14550:
14548:
14545:
14543:
14540:
14539:
14538:
14535:
14533:
14530:
14528:
14525:
14523:
14520:
14518:
14515:
14513:
14510:
14508:
14505:
14503:
14500:
14497:
14493:
14490:
14488:
14485:
14483:
14480:
14478:
14475:
14473:
14470:
14466:
14463:
14461:
14458:
14456:
14453:
14452:
14451:
14448:
14446:
14443:
14441:
14438:
14436:
14433:
14431:
14428:
14426:
14423:
14421:
14418:
14416:
14413:
14411:
14408:
14406:
14403:
14401:
14398:
14394:
14391:
14390:
14389:
14386:
14384:
14381:
14377:
14374:
14372:
14369:
14368:
14367:
14364:
14362:
14359:
14357:
14354:
14352:
14349:
14347:
14344:
14342:
14339:
14337:
14334:
14332:
14329:
14327:
14324:
14320:
14317:
14316:
14315:
14312:
14310:
14307:
14305:
14302:
14300:
14297:
14296:
14294:
14290:
14286:
14282:
14277:
14273:
14259:
14256:
14254:
14251:
14249:
14246:
14244:
14241:
14239:
14236:
14234:
14231:
14229:
14226:
14224:
14221:
14219:
14216:
14214:
14211:
14209:
14206:
14204:
14203:Masaram Gondi
14201:
14199:
14196:
14194:
14191:
14189:
14186:
14184:
14181:
14179:
14176:
14174:
14173:Gunjala Gondi
14171:
14169:
14166:
14164:
14161:
14159:
14156:
14152:
14149:
14147:
14144:
14143:
14142:
14139:
14137:
14134:
14132:
14129:
14128:
14126:
14122:
14110:
14107:
14105:
14102:
14101:
14100:
14097:
14093:
14090:
14088:
14085:
14083:
14080:
14078:
14075:
14073:
14070:
14068:
14065:
14063:
14060:
14059:
14058:
14055:
14053:
14050:
14048:
14045:
14043:
14040:
14038:
14035:
14033:
14030:
14028:
14025:
14023:
14020:
14018:
14015:
14013:
14010:
14008:
14005:
14003:
14000:
13998:
13995:
13993:
13990:
13986:
13985:Old Sundanese
13983:
13982:
13981:
13978:
13976:
13973:
13971:
13968:
13966:
13963:
13961:
13958:
13956:
13953:
13951:
13948:
13946:
13943:
13939:
13936:
13934:
13931:
13930:
13929:
13928:Old Maldivian
13926:
13924:
13921:
13919:
13916:
13912:
13911:Bilang-bilang
13909:
13908:
13907:
13904:
13902:
13899:
13897:
13894:
13892:
13889:
13887:
13884:
13882:
13879:
13875:
13872:
13871:
13870:
13867:
13865:
13862:
13860:
13857:
13855:
13852:
13850:
13847:
13845:
13842:
13840:
13837:
13835:
13832:
13830:
13827:
13825:
13822:
13820:
13817:
13815:
13812:
13810:
13807:
13805:
13802:
13800:
13797:
13795:
13792:
13790:
13787:
13785:
13782:
13780:
13777:
13776:
13774:
13770:
13764:
13761:
13759:
13756:
13752:
13749:
13747:
13744:
13743:
13742:
13739:
13737:
13734:
13732:
13731:Sylheti Nagri
13729:
13727:
13724:
13722:
13719:
13717:
13714:
13712:
13709:
13705:
13702:
13701:
13700:
13697:
13693:
13690:
13688:
13685:
13683:
13680:
13678:
13675:
13673:
13670:
13668:
13665:
13663:
13660:
13658:
13655:
13653:
13650:
13648:
13645:
13643:
13640:
13638:
13635:
13634:
13633:
13630:
13628:
13625:
13623:
13620:
13618:
13615:
13613:
13610:
13608:
13605:
13603:
13600:
13598:
13595:
13593:
13590:
13588:
13585:
13583:
13580:
13578:
13575:
13573:
13570:
13568:
13565:
13563:
13560:
13558:
13555:
13553:
13550:
13548:
13545:
13543:
13540:
13538:
13535:
13533:
13532:Brahmi script
13530:
13528:
13525:
13523:
13520:
13519:
13517:
13513:
13510:
13508:
13504:
13500:
13496:
13491:
13487:
13477:
13474:
13472:
13469:
13465:
13462:
13460:
13457:
13455:
13452:
13451:
13450:
13447:
13445:
13442:
13438:
13435:
13433:
13430:
13429:
13428:
13427:South Arabian
13425:
13423:
13420:
13418:
13415:
13413:
13410:
13408:
13405:
13401:
13398:
13397:
13396:
13393:
13391:
13388:
13384:
13381:
13379:
13376:
13374:
13373:Inscriptional
13371:
13369:
13366:
13365:
13364:
13361:
13359:
13356:
13354:
13351:
13349:
13346:
13344:
13341:
13339:
13336:
13332:
13329:
13327:
13324:
13322:
13319:
13317:
13314:
13313:
13312:
13309:
13307:
13304:
13302:
13299:
13295:
13292:
13291:
13290:
13287:
13283:
13280:
13279:
13278:
13275:
13274:
13271:
13270:
13266:
13265:
13262:
13258:
13253:
13249:
13245:
13241:
13236:
13232:
13222:
13218:
13214:
13211:
13209:
13206:
13204:
13201:
13200:
13199:
13196:
13195:
13193:
13189:
13183:
13180:
13178:
13175:
13174:
13172:
13168:
13164:
13160:
13156:
13149:
13144:
13142:
13137:
13135:
13130:
13129:
13126:
13114:
13111:
13109:
13106:
13105:
13103:
13099:
13093:
13090:
13088:
13085:
13083:
13080:
13078:
13075:
13073:
13070:
13068:
13065:
13063:
13060:
13058:
13055:
13054:
13052:
13048:
13042:
13039:
13037:
13034:
13032:
13029:
13027:
13024:
13022:
13019:
13017:
13014:
13012:
13009:
13007:
13004:
13002:
12999:
12997:
12994:
12992:
12989:
12987:
12984:
12983:
12981:
12979:
12975:
12969:
12966:
12964:
12961:
12959:
12956:
12954:
12950:
12948:
12945:
12944:
12942:
12938:
12932:
12929:
12927:
12924:
12922:
12919:
12917:
12914:
12912:
12909:
12908:
12906:
12902:
12898:
12893:
12889:
12882:
12877:
12875:
12870:
12868:
12863:
12862:
12859:
12845:on 2021-08-26
12841:
12837:
12831:
12824:
12823:
12817:
12813:
12807:
12803:
12799:
12798:
12792:
12788:
12782:
12778:
12773:
12769:
12765:
12761:
12757:
12753:
12748:
12744:
12740:
12736:
12732:
12727:
12723:
12717:
12713:
12709:
12705:
12701:
12695:
12691:
12687:
12683:
12679:
12673:
12669:
12665:
12664:Baldi, Philip
12661:
12657:
12651:
12647:
12646:
12641:
12637:
12636:
12632:
12631:
12618:on 2019-08-22
12617:
12613:
12607:
12599:
12593:
12589:
12584:
12583:
12577:
12571:
12563:
12557:
12553:
12548:
12547:
12538:
12523:
12519:
12512:
12510:
12501:
12495:
12491:
12487:
12481:
12466:
12462:
12461:
12453:
12446:
12444:
12442:
12423:
12419:
12415:
12411:
12407:
12403:
12399:
12392:
12385:
12366:
12362:
12356:
12352:
12345:
12338:
12330:
12323:
12308:
12304:
12300:
12293:
12285:
12279:
12271:
12267:
12260:
12251:
12237:on 2008-08-21
12233:
12229:
12223:
12219:
12215:
12208:
12201:
12193:
12186:
12178:
12172:
12168:
12161:
12146:
12142:
12140:9780521791052
12136:
12132:
12131:
12123:
12108:
12104:
12098:
12080:
12073:
12066:
12050:
12046:
12040:
12036:
12035:
12027:
12011:
12007:
12001:
11997:
11996:
11988:
11980:
11979:
11971:
11963:
11959:
11952:
11944:
11938:
11934:
11927:
11925:
11916:
11912:
11908:
11904:
11897:
11895:
11893:
11876:
11875:
11869:
11863:
11856:
11852:
11846:
11838:
11832:
11817:
11813:
11807:
11791:
11787:
11781:
11763:
11759:
11755:
11751:
11747:
11740:
11733:
11724:
11719:
11715:
11714:
11706:
11700:
11696:
11693:
11685:
11683:
11674:
11668:
11664:
11660:
11654:
11652:
11633:
11629:
11623:
11619:
11612:
11605:
11591:
11587:
11580:
11571:
11565:
11561:
11554:
11546:
11540:
11536:
11531:
11530:
11521:
11513:
11507:
11503:
11496:
11488:
11482:
11478:
11471:
11463:
11459:
11455:
11451:
11447:
11440:
11433:. Anma Libri.
11432:
11425:
11413:
11398:
11394:
11390:
11386:
11379:
11377:
11361:
11357:
11353:
11349:
11345:
11338:
11320:
11313:
11306:
11298:
11292:
11288:
11281:
11275:(1971), p. 87
11274:
11269:
11260:
11254:
11250:
11243:
11235:
11229:
11225:
11218:
11210:
11204:
11200:
11193:
11185:
11178:
11160:
11156:
11152:
11145:
11141:
11140:Elsie, Robert
11135:
11127:(2): 383–432.
11126:
11122:
11115:
11108:
11100:
11094:
11090:
11086:
11085:
11077:
11069:
11063:
11059:
11052:
11050:
11043:
11038:
11032:
11027:
11021:, p. 35.
11020:
11015:
11008:
11004:
11000:
10994:
10988:
10983:
10974:
10968:
10964:
10957:
10942:
10938:
10932:
10928:
10927:
10922:
10916:
10910:
10905:
10897:
10893:
10889:
10885:
10878:
10870:
10866:
10862:
10858:
10854:
10847:
10839:
10838:
10830:
10814:
10810:
10806:
10802:
10795:
10787:
10783:
10779:
10775:
10771:
10765:
10759:
10754:
10748:
10743:
10727:
10723:
10722:
10717:
10710:
10702:
10696:
10692:
10685:
10669:
10665:
10661:
10655:
10647:
10643:
10637:
10622:
10618:
10614:
10610:
10606:
10600:
10592:
10586:
10582:
10575:
10567:
10561:
10557:
10550:
10542:
10536:
10532:
10525:
10517:
10511:
10507:
10500:
10494:
10489:
10483:
10478:
10472:
10467:
10459:
10453:
10449:
10442:
10428:
10424:
10417:
10402:
10398:
10392:
10377:
10373:
10367:
10363:
10362:
10357:
10351:
10345:
10340:
10332:
10326:
10322:
10315:
10300:
10296:
10294:9788172016647
10290:
10286:
10285:
10277:
10262:
10258:
10257:www.kamat.com
10254:
10248:
10241:
10236:
10228:
10226:3-11-016284-9
10222:
10218:
10214:
10208:
10201:
10197:
10194:
10189:
10180:
10176:
10172:
10168:
10164:
10160:
10156:
10152:
10145:
10137:
10131:
10127:
10120:
10109:
10097:
10083:
10075:
10073:9780203986738
10069:
10065:
10058:
10042:
10038:
10034:
10027:
10012:
10008:
10001:
9986:
9985:
9980:
9973:
9967:, p. 22.
9966:
9961:
9959:
9951:
9945:
9939:
9938:3-89978-018-3
9935:
9931:
9927:
9923:
9920:
9914:
9907:
9901:
9894:
9893:
9889:D. H. Green,
9886:
9879:
9878:9780299128005
9875:
9871:
9862:
9854:
9848:
9844:
9837:
9829:
9823:
9819:
9812:
9804:
9798:
9794:
9789:
9788:
9779:
9771:
9767:
9763:
9759:
9752:
9744:
9738:
9734:
9727:
9719:
9713:
9709:
9702:
9694:
9688:
9684:
9679:
9678:
9669:
9661:
9657:
9650:
9642:
9636:
9632:
9625:
9617:
9611:
9607:
9602:
9601:
9592:
9584:
9580:
9573:
9569:
9563:
9555:
9549:
9545:
9538:
9530:
9524:
9520:
9515:
9514:
9505:
9490:
9486:
9482:
9478:
9474:
9470:
9466:
9459:
9451:
9445:
9441:
9430:
9422:
9416:
9412:
9411:
9403:
9395:
9393:9788875751821
9389:
9385:
9381:
9374:
9367:
9363:
9357:
9349:
9343:
9339:
9332:
9325:
9313:on 1 May 2019
9312:
9308:
9304:
9298:
9290:
9284:
9280:
9275:
9274:
9265:
9250:
9246:
9245:
9240:
9236:
9230:
9215:
9214:
9209:
9203:
9197:, p. 23.
9196:
9191:
9189:
9187:
9185:
9176:
9170:
9166:
9161:
9160:
9151:
9133:
9129:
9125:
9118:
9111:
9096:
9092:
9086:
9082:
9078:
9071:
9063:
9057:
9053:
9049:
9045:
9038:
9030:
9024:
9020:
9015:
9014:
9005:
8997:
8991:
8987:
8980:
8972:
8968:
8964:
8960:
8956:
8952:
8948:
8944:
8937:
8919:
8915:
8911:
8907:
8903:
8899:
8895:
8891:
8887:
8883:
8879:
8872:
8865:
8857:
8851:
8847:
8840:
8831:
8823:
8817:
8813:
8806:
8787:
8783:
8777:
8773:
8766:
8759:
8743:
8739:
8733:
8725:
8719:
8715:
8708:
8701:
8687:
8683:
8679:
8675:
8668:
8650:
8643:
8642:
8634:
8618:
8614:
8608:
8604:
8600:
8593:
8581:
8573:
8571:0-19-509984-2
8567:
8563:
8556:
8548:
8542:
8538:
8531:
8523:
8517:
8513:
8509:
8503:
8495:(4): 282–301.
8494:
8490:
8486:
8479:
8471:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8455:
8451:
8444:
8435:
8429:
8425:
8418:
8412:, p. 60.
8411:
8406:
8397:
8391:
8387:
8380:
8373:
8368:
8360:
8354:
8350:
8346:
8342:
8335:
8328:
8323:
8315:
8314:
8309:
8303:
8287:
8280:
8273:
8266:
8262:
8258:
8255:
8254:
8248:
8239:
8234:
8230:
8227:(in German).
8226:
8222:
8215:
8207:
8201:
8197:
8193:
8189:
8182:
8174:
8168:
8164:
8159:
8158:
8149:
8143:, p. 42.
8142:
8137:
8128:
8122:
8118:
8113:
8112:
8103:
8094:
8090:
8083:
8075:
8069:
8065:
8058:
8043:
8039:
8033:
8029:
8028:
8020:
8012:
8006:
8002:
7995:
7976:
7970:
7962:
7956:
7952:
7947:
7946:
7937:
7929:
7923:
7919:
7914:
7913:
7904:
7896:
7890:
7885:
7884:
7875:
7867:
7863:
7859:
7855:
7851:
7847:
7843:
7839:
7832:
7824:
7820:
7816:
7812:
7805:
7797:
7791:
7787:
7782:
7781:
7772:
7764:
7760:
7756:
7752:
7748:
7744:
7740:
7736:
7729:
7721:
7715:
7711:
7704:
7696:
7690:
7686:
7679:
7672:
7667:
7660:
7655:
7639:
7635:
7629:
7614:
7610:
7604:
7600:
7596:
7589:
7582:
7577:
7570:
7569:Bagley (1999)
7565:
7556:
7550:
7546:
7539:
7531:
7525:
7521:
7516:
7515:
7506:
7500:, p. 30.
7499:
7494:
7492:
7490:
7488:
7479:
7473:
7469:
7465:
7464:
7459:
7453:
7438:on 2015-05-04
7437:
7433:
7427:
7420:
7415:
7401:on 2011-10-03
7397:
7390:
7386:
7380:
7372:
7366:
7362:
7357:
7356:
7347:
7339:
7333:
7329:
7324:
7323:
7314:
7312:
7303:
7299:
7295:
7291:
7287:
7280:
7272:
7266:
7262:
7257:
7256:
7247:
7239:
7233:
7229:
7224:
7223:
7214:
7206:
7200:
7196:
7189:
7174:
7170:
7166:
7160:
7145:
7141:
7137:
7131:
7123:
7117:
7113:
7106:
7098:
7092:
7088:
7081:
7066:
7062:
7056:
7052:
7051:
7046:
7040:
7033:
7027:
7020:
7016:
7012:
7008:
7002:
6998:
6994:
6990:
6986:
6985:
6977:
6969:
6967:0-7141-8059-9
6963:
6959:
6955:
6954:
6946:
6940:, p. 87.
6939:
6934:
6926:
6920:
6916:
6911:
6910:
6901:
6893:
6887:
6883:
6879:
6873:
6871:
6863:
6858:
6851:
6846:
6838:
6832:
6828:
6821:
6802:
6798:
6792:
6788:
6781:
6774:
6765:
6759:
6755:
6748:
6744:
6739:
6738:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6686:
6685:
6680:
6676:
6674:
6673:
6669:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6657:
6656:
6653:
6652:
6647:
6643:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6629:
6628:
6625:
6624:James Cameron
6621:
6617:
6615:
6614:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6602:
6601:
6598:
6594:
6592:
6591:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6579:
6578:
6574:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6559:
6555:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6545:
6544:
6541:
6537:
6535:
6534:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6518:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6504:
6503:
6500:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6483:
6482:
6479:
6475:
6473:
6472:
6469:Later became
6467:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6457:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6440:
6439:
6436:
6432:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6422:
6421:
6418:
6417:Edgar de Wahl
6414:
6411:
6407:
6404:
6401:
6397:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6387:
6383:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6358:
6357:
6354:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6331:
6327:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6317:
6316:
6312:
6309:
6306:
6303:
6302:
6298:
6285:
6282:
6279:
6275:
6272:
6269:
6266:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6241:
6237:
6234:
6231:
6228:
6225:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6211:
6208:
6205:
6201:
6198:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6183:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6157:
6154:
6151:
6147:
6144:
6142:: 8th century
6141:
6138:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6125:
6121:
6120:Austroasiatic
6118:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6091:
6088:
6085:
6082:
6079:
6071:
6068:
6063:
6059:
6058:Tibeto-Burman
6055:
6053:
6046:
6045:
6039:
6036:
6031:
6027:
6023:
6020:
6016:
6012:
6009:
6005:
6001:
5998:
5994:
5990:
5987:
5983:
5976:
5973:
5969:
5962:
5959:
5955:
5951:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5938:
5934:
5931:
5927:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5919:Indo-European
5917:
5910:
5907:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5891:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5877:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5853:
5846:
5844:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5827:
5826:
5822:
5821:Old Testament
5818:
5814:
5813:New Testament
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5794:
5793:
5789:
5785:
5781:
5779:
5776:materials by
5775:
5773:
5770:
5764:
5763:
5759:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5733:
5732:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5713:
5712:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5693:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5683:
5679:
5678:New Testament
5675:
5673:
5670:
5662:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5642:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5617:Georg Schwarz
5614:
5610:
5609:Johann Flierl
5606:
5604:
5601:
5593:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5570:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5559:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5539:
5538:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5519:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5500:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5480:
5479:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5435:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5415:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5404:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5387:
5386:
5382:
5380:
5379:Elias Lönnrot
5376:
5374:
5371:
5363:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5330:Sakha (Yakut)
5328:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5299:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5273:
5272:
5269:in 1890-1891
5268:
5264:
5262:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5245:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5176:Vai syllabary
5174:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5150:
5148:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5128:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5117:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5100:
5099:
5095:
5093:
5089:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5072:
5071:
5068:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5046:
5045:
5041:
5040:Robert Moffat
5037:
5033:
5031:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5011:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4966:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4959:William Dawes
4957:notebooks of
4956:
4954:
4951:
4943:
4942:
4939:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4920:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4897:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4839:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4824:Northern Sami
4822:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4771:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4697:
4696:
4692:
4690:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4646:
4645:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4632:
4631:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4573:Evliya Çelebi
4570:
4567:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4525:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4491:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4442:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4422:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4324:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4282:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4259:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4232:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4201:
4200:
4196:
4195:Sylheti Nagri
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4145:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4066:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4040:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4012:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3988:
3979:
3975:
3972:This list is
3970:
3963:
3962:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3926:Dafang County
3923:
3921:
3918:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3706:Basel Epigram
3705:
3703:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3275:Old Norwegian
3273:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3225:
3224:Old Hungarian
3222:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:Arkhara River
3167:
3165:
3162:
3152:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3097:Plomin tablet
3094:
3090:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2854:
2845:
2841:
2838:This list is
2836:
2829:
2828:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2716:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2664:Tomida femina
2661:
2659:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2569:Old Malayalam
2567:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:, found near
2526:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2505:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2359:
2358:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2343:Franks Casket
2341:
2339:
2336:
2330:
2329:
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2318:
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2299:
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2283:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2269:
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2261:
2259:
2256:
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2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2196:Poems in the
2195:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1989:Kavirajamarga
1985:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1693:inscription (
1692:
1688:
1684:
1683:Elder Futhark
1680:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1389:Iovilae from
1388:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1104:Bayir, Jordan
1101:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1085:boustrophedon
1082:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
990:
989:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
971:
968:
965:
964:
961:
958:
954:
952:
949:
946:
945:
942:
939:
936:
934:
931:
925:
924:
920:
917:
914:
911:
910:
907:
901:
897:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
868:
866:
862:
858:
854:
846:
838:
834:
829:
812:
811:Shang dynasty
808:
801:
796:
788:
784:
777:
772:
764:
760:
753:
748:
740:
736:
735:Seth-Peribsen
729:
724:
723:
718:
716:
712:
708:
705:
703:
700:
694:
693:
690:
688:
685:tablets from
684:
682:
679:
673:
672:
669:
666:
665:Hittite texts
663:
661:
658:
652:
651:
647:
644:
641:
639:
636:
630:
629:
625:
623:
619:
616:
614:
611:
605:
604:
601:
598:
597:Hittite texts
595:
593:
590:
585:
584:
580:
576:
574:
570:
567:
565:
562:
556:
555:
552:
548:
545:
543:
540:
534:
533:
530:
528:
524:
520:
518:
515:
510:
509:
505:
493:
489:
487:
483:
480:
478:
475:
469:
468:
460:
457:
453:
452:Pyramid Texts
449:
447:
444:
439:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
419:
418:
414:
407:
403:
402:
397:
393:
389:
386:
382:
378:
376:
373:
367:
366:
363:
355:
351:
347:
343:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
319:
315:
313:
310:
304:
303:
299:
298:Abydos, Egypt
295:
291:
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
271:Seth-Peribsen
268:
265:
263:
260:
254:
253:
249:
246:
243:
240:
239:
236:
234:
233:proto-writing
230:
229:Vinča symbols
226:
225:Jiahu symbols
219:
215:
212:
208:
204:
201:
198:
194:
190:
188:
184:
183:
182:
180:
175:
173:
169:
165:
157:
153:
149:
148:Indo-European
146:
143:
139:
135:
132:
129:
125:
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
106:
105:
103:
99:
95:
89:
79:
77:
76:
71:
59:
58:
53:
49:
45:
40:
38:
34:
30:
19:
16472:Thai and Lao
16149:Scandinavian
15781:1829 braille
15773:Braille cell
15573:Cypro-Minoan
15439:Pahawh Hmong
15352:Sitelen Pona
15316:Hindu-Arabic
14649:Mundari Bani
14223:Pahawh Hmong
14032:Tamil-Brahmi
13938:Eveyla Akuru
13933:Dhives Akuru
13400:Paleo-Hebrew
13267:
13203:undeciphered
13026:Pictographic
13021:Phonogrammic
12952:
12847:, retrieved
12840:the original
12821:
12796:
12776:
12759:
12755:
12737:(1): 28–79,
12734:
12730:
12711:
12689:
12667:
12644:
12620:. Retrieved
12616:the original
12606:
12581:
12570:
12545:
12537:
12526:. Retrieved
12489:
12480:
12469:. Retrieved
12459:
12429:. Retrieved
12401:
12397:
12384:
12372:. Retrieved
12350:
12337:
12328:
12322:
12311:. Retrieved
12302:
12292:
12269:
12259:
12250:
12239:. Retrieved
12232:the original
12217:
12200:
12191:
12185:
12166:
12160:
12149:. Retrieved
12129:
12122:
12111:. Retrieved
12097:
12086:. Retrieved
12065:
12053:. Retrieved
12033:
12026:
12014:. Retrieved
11994:
11987:
11977:
11970:
11964:(1): 87–116.
11961:
11957:
11951:
11932:
11906:
11902:
11878:. Retrieved
11871:
11862:
11854:
11850:
11845:
11820:. Retrieved
11806:
11794:. Retrieved
11789:
11780:
11769:. Retrieved
11749:
11745:
11732:
11712:
11705:
11662:
11639:. Retrieved
11617:
11604:
11593:. Retrieved
11589:
11579:
11574:pp. 658–659.
11559:
11553:
11528:
11520:
11501:
11495:
11476:
11470:
11453:
11449:
11439:
11430:
11424:
11412:
11401:. Retrieved
11392:
11388:
11364:. Retrieved
11351:
11337:
11326:. Retrieved
11305:
11286:
11280:
11272:
11268:
11248:
11242:
11223:
11217:
11198:
11192:
11183:
11177:
11166:. Retrieved
11154:
11150:
11134:
11124:
11120:
11107:
11083:
11076:
11057:
11037:
11026:
11019:Baldi (2002)
11014:
10998:
10993:
10982:
10977:pp. 865–866.
10962:
10956:
10945:. Retrieved
10925:
10915:
10904:
10887:
10883:
10877:
10860:
10856:
10853:ud rocashaas
10852:
10846:
10836:
10829:
10817:. Retrieved
10808:
10804:
10794:
10781:
10777:
10770:Vrana, Josip
10764:
10753:
10742:
10730:. Retrieved
10719:
10709:
10690:
10684:
10672:. Retrieved
10668:the original
10654:
10645:
10636:
10625:. Retrieved
10616:
10612:
10599:
10580:
10574:
10555:
10549:
10530:
10524:
10505:
10499:
10488:
10477:
10466:
10447:
10441:
10430:. Retrieved
10426:
10416:
10405:. Retrieved
10403:. 2022-11-14
10400:
10391:
10380:. Retrieved
10360:
10350:
10339:
10320:
10314:
10303:. Retrieved
10283:
10276:
10265:. Retrieved
10256:
10247:
10235:
10216:
10207:
10188:
10154:
10150:
10144:
10125:
10119:
10108:Vox Romanica
10107:
10095:
10082:
10063:
10057:
10045:. Retrieved
10041:the original
10036:
10026:
10014:. Retrieved
10010:
10000:
9988:. Retrieved
9982:
9972:
9949:
9944:
9929:
9913:
9905:
9900:
9890:
9885:
9866:
9861:
9842:
9836:
9817:
9811:
9786:
9778:
9761:
9757:
9751:
9732:
9726:
9707:
9701:
9676:
9668:
9659:
9655:
9649:
9630:
9624:
9599:
9591:
9582:
9578:
9562:
9543:
9537:
9512:
9504:
9493:. Retrieved
9471:(1): 66–80.
9468:
9458:
9439:
9429:
9408:
9402:
9383:
9373:
9365:
9361:
9356:
9337:
9331:
9322:
9315:. Retrieved
9311:the original
9297:
9272:
9264:
9253:. Retrieved
9242:
9229:
9217:. Retrieved
9211:
9202:
9158:
9150:
9139:. Retrieved
9130:(3): 44–53.
9127:
9123:
9110:
9099:. Retrieved
9080:
9070:
9047:
9037:
9012:
9004:
8985:
8979:
8946:
8942:
8936:
8925:. Retrieved
8881:
8877:
8864:
8845:
8839:
8830:
8811:
8805:
8793:. Retrieved
8771:
8758:
8746:. Retrieved
8732:
8713:
8707:
8690:. Retrieved
8681:
8677:
8667:
8656:. Retrieved
8640:
8633:
8621:. Retrieved
8602:
8592:
8580:
8561:
8555:
8536:
8530:
8511:
8502:
8497:pp. 282–283.
8492:
8488:
8478:
8456:(1): 73–97.
8453:
8449:
8443:
8423:
8417:
8405:
8385:
8379:
8372:Baldi (2002)
8367:
8344:
8334:
8329:, p. 4.
8322:
8312:
8302:
8290:. Retrieved
8272:
8252:
8247:
8228:
8224:
8214:
8191:
8181:
8156:
8148:
8136:
8110:
8102:
8092:
8088:
8082:
8063:
8057:
8046:. Retrieved
8026:
8019:
8000:
7994:
7982:. Retrieved
7969:
7944:
7936:
7911:
7903:
7882:
7874:
7841:
7837:
7831:
7814:
7810:
7804:
7779:
7771:
7741:(1): 33–36.
7738:
7734:
7728:
7709:
7703:
7684:
7678:
7673:, p. 4.
7666:
7654:
7644:16 September
7642:. Retrieved
7628:
7617:. Retrieved
7598:
7588:
7576:
7564:
7544:
7538:
7513:
7505:
7498:Baldi (2002)
7462:
7452:
7440:. Retrieved
7436:the original
7426:
7414:
7403:. Retrieved
7396:the original
7379:
7354:
7346:
7321:
7293:
7289:
7279:
7254:
7246:
7221:
7213:
7194:
7188:
7177:. Retrieved
7168:
7159:
7148:. Retrieved
7140:ScienceDaily
7139:
7130:
7111:
7105:
7086:
7080:
7069:. Retrieved
7049:
7039:
7031:
7026:
7018:
6983:
6976:
6952:
6945:
6938:Woods (2010)
6933:
6908:
6900:
6881:
6864:, p. 3.
6857:
6852:, p. 2.
6845:
6826:
6820:
6808:. Retrieved
6786:
6773:
6753:
6747:
6682:
6679:Madhan Karky
6666:
6649:
6620:Paul Frommer
6611:
6588:
6531:
6468:
6449:
6405:
6399:
6344:
6146:Nilo-Saharan
6090:Austronesian
6038:Sino-Tibetan
6026:Balto-Slavic
5869:Afro-Asiatic
5859:
5851:
5823:is ongoing.
5778:Peter Drabbe
5747:
5636:Joseph Banks
5624:
5512:
5494:
5401:articles by
5352:
5344:
5334:
5313:
5287:
5259:pamphlet by
5232:
5146:
5029:
4934:
4911:
4890:George Anson
4853:
4804:Sranan Tongo
4745:
4737:18th century
4728:
4708:
4699:17th century
4640:
4636:
4629:
4624:Massachusett
4607:Pata Khazana
4605:
4595:
4568:
4532:
4505:
4434:
4367:
4345:9th century
4251:
4242:Extremaduran
4221:
4215:
4160:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4054:
4027:
3982:
3939:15th century
3902:Il Cantilena
3900:
3875:
3850:
3838:
3809:
3780:
3729:inscriptions
3702:Old Prussian
3647:Oghuz Turkic
3621:13th century
3596:Wat Sri Chum
3595:
3562:
3542:
3497:
3474:
3455:ud rocashaas
3454:
3444:
3333:
3327:
3228:
3207:
3197:
3189:
3101:Valun tablet
3085:Humac tablet
3076:11th century
3060:
3052:11th century
2987:
2848:
2823:1000–1500 AD
2808:10th century
2706:
2684:
2662:
2600:Cadfan Stone
2583:
2579:
2515:Old Javanese
2499:inscriptions
2455:Lat. F. 96 A
2452:
2446:
2424:
2203:
2197:
2188:
2184:Old Japanese
2168:Angkor Borei
2090:
2064:
1987:
1952:Old Georgian
1901:Gothic Bible
1754:Illerup Ådal
1749:
1748:inscription
1691:Negau helmet
1676:
1653:
1521:Tamil-Brahmi
1514:
1468:(Sri Lankan
1448:Anuradhapura
1319:Lemnos Stele
1279:South Picene
1150:
1146:
984:Paleo-Hebrew
869:
842:
785:tablet from
482:Awan dynasty
432:Ebla tablets
399:
361:
335:Abu Salabikh
316:
279:Umm El Qa'ab
222:
193:Indus script
179:undeciphered
176:
168:Sino-Tibetan
161:
134:Afro-Asiatic
91:
73:
55:
41:
26:
16971:RoboBraille
16795:Róża Czacka
16735:Perforation
16532:Independent
16430:(Bhutanese)
16165:Greenlandic
15836:Azerbaijani
15638:Jindai moji
15527:Syllabaries
15498:SignWriting
15398:Celtiberian
15300:Hieroglyphs
15103:Seal script
15088:Traditional
14960:Blissymbols
14865:Warang Citi
14840:Tolong Siki
14793:Marcomannic
14773:Dalecarlian
14763:Anglo-Saxon
14743:Pau Cin Hau
14634:Medefaidrin
14587:Merovingian
14547:Blackletter
14455:Asomtavruli
14248:Warang Citi
14057:Ulu scripts
14002:New Tai Lue
13945:Mon–Burmese
13799:Bhattiprolu
13627:Nandinagari
13454:ʾEsṭrangēlā
13213:constructed
13041:Syllabaries
13011:Logographic
13006:Ideogrammic
12633:Works cited
12055:4 September
12016:4 September
11790:Árnastofnun
11689:(in French)
11417:(in French)
10202:treccani.it
10157:: 169–184.
9990:17 November
9317:10 November
8327:Buck (1904)
6677:created by
6640:created by
6597:Marc Okrand
6595:created by
6540:Marc Okrand
6538:created by
6515:created by
6488:Interlingua
6476:created by
6465:Interglossa
6454:created by
6433:created by
6415:created by
6396:Interlingue
6384:created by
6351:created by
6328:created by
6310:Attestation
6236:Niger–Congo
6220:Uto-Aztecan
6052:Old Chinese
6008:Tocharian B
5972:Old Persian
5686:Aster Ganno
5621:Walter Roth
5584:grammar by
5505:same author
5470:Kildin Sami
5377:grammar by
5178:created by
5143:John Bennie
5116:Rasmus Rask
5086:grammar by
4907:Borgarmålet
4849:Greenlandic
4748:(anonymous)
4569:Travel Book
4296:a catechism
4273:grammar by
4005:Attestation
3852:Bellifortis
3845:Pal Engjëll
3677:Old Gutnish
3649:(including
3598:inscription
3469:Old Swedish
2871:Attestation
2759:Kiev Missal
2680:Old Leonese
2658:Old Occitan
2591:9th century
2584:Ramacaritam
2565:9th century
2472:Old Frisian
2414:Old Tibetan
2338:Old English
2297:7th century
2278:7th century
2254:7th century
2205:Nihon Shoki
2081:6th century
2030:5th century
1973:Old Kannada
1925:Tocharian B
1892:4th century
1882:found near
1795:San Bartolo
1767:Vimose Comb
1744:Proto-Norse
1709:Attestation
1687:Proto-Norse
1634:Chittorgarh
1632:(both near
1603:ostraca at
1582:Celtiberian
1334:Old Persian
1239:found near
1023:Mesha Stele
959:city-states
918:Attestation
707:oracle bone
702:Old Chinese
667:CTH 725–745
599:CTH 751–754
406:Tell Harmal
396:Tell Harmal
346:Kish tablet
339:Fara period
329:texts from
275:2nd Dynasty
247:Attestation
172:Old Chinese
72:texts, the
48:epic poetry
16991:Categories
16523:(obsolete)
16504:(obsolete)
16296:(Pakistan)
16207:Belarusian
16089:Vietnamese
16032:Portuguese
16018:Philippine
15975:Lithuanian
15628:Hentaigana
15623:Man'yōgana
15083:Simplified
14970:Ersu Shaba
14884:Non-linear
14689:Old Uyghur
14679:Old Permic
14674:Old Italic
14607:Visigothic
14542:Beneventan
14477:Glagolitic
14440:Gadabuursi
14104:Kolezhuthu
14099:Vatteluttu
14037:Tanchangya
13960:Saurashtra
13537:Devanagari
13395:Phoenician
13348:Manichaean
13072:Devanagari
12849:2014-02-23
12622:2019-11-30
12528:2019-06-16
12471:2016-01-25
12431:2018-03-26
12374:2018-03-26
12313:2018-07-29
12241:2007-04-13
12151:2020-05-20
12113:2018-03-26
12088:2018-03-26
11822:2019-04-26
11771:2018-07-25
11641:2016-01-26
11595:2024-08-01
11590:De Gruyter
11403:2007-04-13
11366:2020-01-15
11328:2016-03-05
11168:2008-12-05
11001:Vol. XII.
10947:2016-03-14
10627:2019-04-28
10432:2022-11-14
10407:2022-11-14
10382:2015-04-01
10305:2020-11-30
10267:2016-09-15
10047:13 October
9585:: 179–216.
9495:2019-09-27
9255:2021-04-09
9141:2019-09-13
9124:Expedition
9101:2019-09-13
8927:2008-07-16
8795:2016-11-03
8692:2019-04-20
8658:2019-01-10
8623:2020-11-30
8292:24 October
8048:2015-11-14
7984:13 October
7636:. Louvre.
7619:2010-02-12
7405:2008-03-27
7179:2019-01-06
7150:2019-01-06
7071:2020-11-30
6810:2018-10-04
6735:References
6400:Occidental
6346:Unua Libro
6284:Hmong-Mien
6150:Old Nubian
6134:Old Turkic
5982:Indo-Aryan
5841:survey by
5837:Gooniyandi
5788:New Guinea
5632:James Cook
5586:W.G. Lawes
5529:Skolt Sami
5397:Gamilaraay
5373:Inari Sami
5355:(1730) by
5347:(1692) by
5122:James King
5092:Samuel Lee
4864:John Davis
4858:Paul Egede
4763:(1936) by
4761:vocabulary
4753:dictionary
4689:Adamo Gilg
4564:Mingrelian
4156:Portuguese
4050:Belarusian
4032:(1547) by
4029:Katekizmas
4020:Lithuanian
3974:incomplete
3957:After 1500
3880:(1543) by
3805:Vietnamese
3782:Charyapada
3767:and other
3609:Old Danish
3514:Old Polish
3415:poetry of
3376:Litoměřice
2940:Kirkjubøur
2840:incomplete
2613:Old French
2369:Old Turkic
2323:Sri Ksetra
2122:Old Korean
1984:Shivamogga
1769:(c. 160).
1660:manuscript
1504:Tamil Nadu
1265:Carchemish
1256:Taymanitic
1110:Thamudic B
1098:Old Arabic
974:Phoenician
933:Phoenician
902:date from
876:Tartessian
837:Phoenician
757:Letter in
325:and other
294:Naqada III
16939:Vibratese
16918:Moon type
16911:Decapoint
16592:Eight-dot
16545:Cantonese
16494:Reordered
16457:Inuktitut
16346:Malayalam
16256:Ukrainian
16235:Mongolian
16214:Bulgarian
16177:Norwegian
16142:Icelandic
15933:Hungarian
15891:Esperanto
15843:Cantonese
15427:Redundant
15239:Anatolian
15190:Cuneiform
15118:bird-worm
15054:Logograms
15025:Testerian
14939:Ideograms
14916:Moon type
14803:Staveless
14694:Mongolian
14639:Molodtsov
14597:Sütterlin
14465:Mkhedruli
14331:Bassa Vah
14281:Alphabets
14253:Mwangwego
14218:Mwangwego
14193:Kharosthi
14146:Blackfoot
14109:Malayanma
13980:Sundanese
13975:Sukhothai
13923:Malayalam
13874:Khom Thai
13834:Goykanadi
13758:Tocharian
13711:ʼPhags-pa
13582:Khudabadi
13527:Bhaiksuki
13422:Samaritan
13353:Nabataean
13208:inventors
13108:In Africa
13092:Mongolian
13036:Shorthand
12996:Alphabets
12926:Graphemes
11752:: 55–84.
11395:: 69–88.
11263:page 459.
10869:1353-0089
10863:: 77–86.
10401:Time News
10179:163917488
9984:The Hindu
9485:198885161
8971:161867825
8470:161465267
8188:"Venetic"
8095:(1): 1–9.
7866:163239060
7763:162039939
7595:"Chinese"
7015:240743074
6584:Atlantean
6556:based on
6340:Esperanto
6274:Iroquoian
6173:Hungarian
6070:Dravidian
6050:1250 BC:
6004:Tocharian
5926:Anatolian
5856:By family
5607:notes by
5509:Mirandese
5490:Mirandese
5411:in 1832.
5255:Lule Sami
5206:Arbousset
5151:Complete
5124:in 1778.
4996:Inuktitut
4976:Afrikaans
4866:in 1586.
4828:Catechism
4465:Pite Sami
4452:Pite Sami
4399:in 1608.
4312:Ukrainian
4246:works of
4226:New World
3985:July 2009
3775:Chandidas
3773:poems of
3686:Gutalagen
3660:works of
3632:Logosarda
3435:cartulary
3394:Mongolian
3390:1224–1225
3366:1200–1230
3260:Icelandic
3056:Mozarabic
2979:Aragonese
2851:July 2009
2768:Methodius
2602:(Tywyn 2)
2595:Old Welsh
2542:Old Saxon
2492:Old Norse
2389:Old Irish
2241:Old Malay
2163:Old Khmer
2076:instead.
2059:Old Dutch
2038:Old Dutch
1666:). Thus,
1664:epigraphy
1494:Old Tamil
1480:Mihintale
1197:and Egypt
1130:Tarquinia
884:Messapian
523:Tish-atal
486:Naram-Sin
465:1300 BC.
394:texts at
383:found at
360:2900 BC.
331:Shuruppak
327:cuneiform
164:East Asia
120:isolates,
94:Near East
29:languages
16575:Japanese
16436:Georgian
16428:Dzongkha
16414:Armenian
16332:Gujarati
16197:Cyrillic
16128:Estonian
16103:Yugoslav
16039:Romanian
16011:Nigerian
15926:Hawaiian
15912:Ghanaian
15829:Albanian
15690:Sumerian
15655:Linear B
15618:Katakana
15613:Hiragana
15563:Cherokee
15493:ASLwrite
15454:Bopomofo
15309:Numerals
15295:Hieratic
15254:Isthmian
15223:Sumerian
15203:Assyrian
15198:Akkadian
14855:Vithkuqi
14830:Tifinagh
14798:Medieval
14753:Pisidian
14748:Phrygian
14719:Vagindra
14664:Ol Chiki
14572:Interlac
14527:Kayah Li
14517:Jenticha
14472:Veso Bey
14460:Nuskhuri
14450:Georgian
14420:Formosan
14415:Etruscan
14410:Enochian
14366:Cyrillic
14351:Coelbren
14309:Armenian
14208:Meroitic
14198:Mandombe
14188:Jenticha
14052:Tigalari
14017:Tai Viet
14012:Tai Tham
13992:Tagbanwa
13844:Javanese
13794:Baybayin
13784:Balinese
13772:Southern
13667:Pracalit
13662:Pachumol
13637:Bhujimol
13597:Mahajani
13557:Gurmukhi
13547:Gujarati
13515:Northern
13495:Abugidas
13476:Ugaritic
13464:Maḏnḥāyā
13338:Tifinagh
13331:Solitreo
13269:Numerals
13182:Grapheme
13170:Overview
13001:Featural
12991:Abugidas
12911:Language
12904:Overview
12710:(2003),
12666:(2002),
12578:(1990).
12522:Archived
12488:(2019).
12465:Archived
12422:Archived
12418:40329896
12365:Archived
12307:Archived
12303:Expresso
12278:cite web
12145:Archived
12107:Archived
12079:Archived
12049:Archived
12010:Archived
11915:42870950
11831:cite web
11816:Archived
11796:27 April
11762:Archived
11758:25653413
11695:Archived
11632:Archived
11397:Archived
11360:Archived
11319:Archived
11159:Archived
11142:(1986).
10941:Archived
10923:(2005).
10819:30 March
10813:Archived
10772:(1966),
10726:Archived
10621:Archived
10607:(1990).
10376:Archived
10299:Archived
10261:Archived
10215:(2001).
10196:Archived
10114:188-214.
9922:Archived
9770:41928562
9662:: 73–81.
9570:(1979).
9489:Archived
9249:Archived
9237:(1962).
9219:10 March
9132:Archived
9095:Archived
9044:"Gothic"
8918:Archived
8914:46351994
8906:16400112
8800:page 94.
8786:Archived
8742:Archived
8686:Archived
8649:Archived
8617:Archived
8510:(2003).
8310:(1904).
8286:Archived
8257:Archived
8042:Archived
7823:27926502
7638:Archived
7613:Archived
7173:Archived
7144:Archived
7065:Archived
7047:(2003).
6880:(2003).
6801:Archived
6768:pp. 6–7.
6693:See also
6634:Dothraki
6307:Language
6278:Cherokee
6230:Quechuan
6200:Mongolic
6104:Georgian
6076:200 BC (
6044:1250 BC
6015:Armenian
5993:Germanic
5980:260 BC:
5966:500 BC:
5958:Lepontic
5897:Cushitic
5890:Akkadian
5876:Egyptian
5627:in 1901.
5063:Sequoyah
5056:Cherokee
4594:copy of
4528:Asturian
4461:Ume Sami
4413:Buginese
4197:script.
4135:Estonian
4076:Romanian
4002:Language
3877:Abckiria
3834:Albanian
3787:Assamese
3765:Assamese
3682:Gutasaga
3626:Tigrinya
3493:Kashmiri
3451:Boethius
3332:and the
3237:Veszprém
3116:Ossetian
3080:Croatian
3041:Sanskrit
2884:972–1093
2868:Language
2640:Balinese
2451:Leyden,
2433:in 786.
2431:Dunhuang
2288:Dunhuang
2085:Vandalic
2074:Frankish
2034:Frankish
2025:in 434.
1884:Tra Kiêu
1817:Dunhuang
1724:Bactrian
1706:Language
1621:Sanskrit
1599:Parthian
1558:Numidian
1533:Meroitic
1500:Mangulam
1419:Volscian
1364:Vergiate
1354:Lepontic
1211:Faliscan
1124:Etruscan
1056:Phrygian
1038:Urartian
998:Ammonite
915:Language
896:Thracian
880:Galatian
783:Linear B
739:Egyptian
681:Ugaritic
618:Linear B
571:text in
542:Amorite
392:Sumerian
375:Akkadian
312:Sumerian
262:Egyptian
244:Language
207:Linear A
138:Egyptian
110:Sumerian
16480:Tibetan
16421:Burmese
16407:Amharic
16390:(India)
16367:Sinhala
16360:Punjabi
16339:Kannada
16287:Persian
16242:Russian
16182:Swedish
16160:Finnish
16135:Faroese
16110:Zambian
16082:Turkish
16067:Spanish
15990:Maltese
15968:Latvian
15961:Italian
15940:Iñupiaq
15919:Guarani
15879:English
15850:Catalan
15767:⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑
15762:Braille
15645:Kikakui
15583:Eskayan
15568:Cypriot
15418:Dunging
15290:Demotic
15269:Tenevil
15213:Hittite
15208:Elamite
15161:Jurchen
15140:Sawndip
15135:Chữ Nôm
15035:Zapotec
15030:Yerkish
15005:Nsibidi
14990:Miꞌkmaw
14980:Isotype
14950:Adinkra
14891:Braille
14875:Zaghawa
14845:Vellara
14825:Sunuwar
14815:Sidetic
14810:Shavian
14738:Osmanya
14728:Ol Onal
14582:Kurrent
14567:Insular
14557:Fraktur
14532:Klingon
14522:Kaddare
14496:Archaic
14405:Elbasan
14393:Chinook
14383:Deseret
14371:Bosnian
14326:Avoiuli
14314:Avestan
14304:Ariyaka
14233:Tengwar
14131:Bharati
14092:Serawai
14082:Pasemah
14067:Lampung
14022:Lai Tay
14007:Tai Noi
13970:Sinhala
13950:Pallava
13918:Makasar
13906:Lontara
13881:Kulitan
13854:Kannada
13849:Kadamba
13839:Hanunoo
13829:Grantha
13824:Fakkham
13741:Tibetan
13726:Soyombo
13721:Siddhaṃ
13716:Sharada
13692:Litumol
13682:Tirhuta
13672:Ranjana
13657:Kvemmol
13617:Multani
13602:Marchen
13567:Kalinga
13507:Brahmic
13444:Sogdian
13383:Psalter
13363:Pahlavi
13343:Mandaic
13321:Cursive
13306:Elymaic
13277:Aramaic
13067:Chinese
13016:Numeral
12398:Oceania
12216:(ed.).
11129:p. 395.
11058:Bengali
11009:(1999).
10732:4 April
10674:4 April
10613:Kailash
10183:p. 182.
10171:3679398
10037:Coflein
10016:10 July
9908:(2006).
9052:189–214
8886:Bibcode
8878:Science
8748:30 June
8628:p. 311.
8349:165–188
8196:124–140
8131:p. 181.
7858:1356612
7559:p. 482.
7468:125–133
6815:p. 259.
6527:Klingon
6322:Volapük
6244:Kikongo
6210:Kra–Dai
6140:Japonic
6062:Tibetan
5968:Iranian
5930:Hittite
5886:Eblaite
5882:Semitic
5815:of the
5723:Lingala
5549:Carrier
5515:(1884)
5283:Santali
5202:Casalis
4781:Swahili
4639:or the
4526:modern
4501:Guarani
4481:Ternate
4363:Tagalog
4292:Kikongo
4186:Sylheti
4154:Modern
4115:Latvian
4055:Psalter
3930:Guizhou
3896:Maltese
3867:Finnish
3818:Chữ nôm
3761:Bengali
3537:Yiddish
3429:Cornish
3411:Punjabi
3378:chapter
3317:Spanish
3295:Bosnian
3164:Jurchen
3062:kharjas
3032:Burmese
3010:Catalan
2934:Faroese
2910:Serbian
2888:Slovene
2812:Romansh
2789:Marathi
2785:Konkani
2702:Italian
2698:960–963
2676:959–974
2547:Heiland
2468:750–900
2307:Saqqara
2268:Li Xian
2258:Bailang
2220:Old Udi
2216:650–700
2004:478-490
1905:Wulfila
1811:Sogdian
1807:312–313
1511:Keeladi
1502:caves,
1470:Prakrit
1404:Gaulish
1314:Lemnian
1296:Venetic
1231:Umbrian
1217:Falerii
1147:Vetusia
1083:mainly
1074:Sabaean
1062:Gordion
1018:Moabite
957:Aramean
951:Aramaic
940:epitaph
929:1000 BC
872:Iberian
817:1200 BC
807:Wu Ding
793:1200 BC
769:2400 BC
745:2690 BC
715:Wu Ding
698:1250 BC
677:1300 BC
656:1400 BC
634:1400 BC
622:Knossos
609:1450 BC
579:Kültepe
564:Hittite
560:1700 BC
538:1800 BC
517:Hurrian
477:Elamite
473:2250 BC
427:Eblaite
423:2400 BC
371:2600 BC
307:2600 BC
258:2690 BC
130:family,
124:Hurrian
70:Avestan
57:Rigveda
54:of the
16900:Other
16773:People
16763:Braigo
16582:Korean
16450:Hebrew
16381:Telugu
16280:Arabic
16270:Arabic
16228:Kyrgyz
16221:Kazakh
16155:Danish
16053:Slovak
16046:Samoan
16025:Polish
16004:Navajo
15905:German
15898:French
15765:
15710:Yugtun
15700:Woleai
15650:Kpelle
15633:Sōgana
15553:Byblos
15331:Muisca
15249:Cretan
15218:Luwian
15176:Tangut
14995:Mixtec
14965:Dongba
14870:Yezidi
14860:Wancho
14835:Todhri
14788:Gothic
14768:Cipher
14709:Manchu
14699:Evenki
14684:Orkhon
14629:Manchu
14624:Lydian
14619:Lycian
14562:Gaelic
14512:Hanifi
14507:Hangul
14482:Gothic
14430:Fraser
14425:Fox II
14361:Coptic
14336:Carian
14319:Pazend
14292:Linear
14238:Thaana
14183:Sarati
14124:Others
14087:Rejang
14072:Lembak
14062:Incung
14042:Telugu
13997:Tai Le
13891:Langdi
13814:Chakma
13704:Karani
13677:Tamyig
13652:Kummol
13647:Himmol
13642:Golmol
13622:Nagari
13607:Meitei
13592:Lepcha
13577:Khojki
13562:Kaithi
13449:Syriac
13437:Musnad
13316:Ashuri
13311:Hebrew
13294:Elifba
13289:Arabic
13282:Hatran
13257:Abjads
13077:Hangul
13057:Arabic
12986:Abjads
12832:
12808:
12783:
12718:
12696:
12674:
12652:
12594:
12558:
12496:
12416:
12357:
12224:
12173:
12137:
12041:
12002:
11939:
11913:
11880:25 May
11756:
11669:
11624:
11566:
11541:
11537:–287.
11508:
11483:
11293:
11255:
11230:
11205:
11095:
11064:
10969:
10933:
10867:
10788:: 5–57
10697:
10587:
10562:
10537:
10512:
10454:
10368:
10327:
10291:
10223:
10177:
10169:
10132:
10070:
9936:
9928:', in
9876:
9849:
9824:
9799:
9768:
9739:
9714:
9689:
9637:
9612:
9608:–379.
9550:
9525:
9483:
9446:
9417:
9390:
9364:, in:
9344:
9285:
9281:–144.
9171:
9087:
9058:
9025:
8992:
8969:
8963:608717
8961:
8912:
8904:
8852:
8818:
8778:
8720:
8609:
8568:
8543:
8518:
8468:
8430:
8400:p. 204
8392:
8355:
8202:
8169:
8123:
8119:–224.
8070:
8034:
8007:
7957:
7953:–178.
7924:
7891:
7864:
7856:
7821:
7792:
7788:–144.
7761:
7755:545356
7753:
7716:
7691:
7605:
7551:
7526:
7474:
7367:
7334:
7267:
7263:–128.
7234:
7201:
7118:
7093:
7057:
7013:
7003:
6964:
6921:
6917:–269.
6888:
6833:
6793:
6760:
6662:Kiliki
6613:Avatar
6569:Slovio
6558:Loglan
6550:Lojban
6509:Loglan
6427:Novial
6378:Quenya
6313:Notes
6258:Adyghe
6254:Abkhaz
6188:Permic
6182:Finnic
6180:1200:
6166:Uralic
6156:Basque
6130:Turkic
5997:Gothic
5954:Celtic
5943:Italic
5772:Kamoro
5652:Galela
5021:Tswana
4662:Sheykh
4590:Pashto
4560:Adyghe
4556:Abkhaz
4347:Gothic
4269:Wastek
4008:Notes
3745:Slovak
3543:mahzor
3350:Finnic
2983:Basque
2981:) and
2874:Notes
2735:Khitan
2530:Kediri
2442:Breton
2199:Kojiki
2190:mokkan
2142:Telugu
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1628:, and
1578:100 BC
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1554:146 BC
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1476:Brahmi
1462:200 BC
1433:260 BC
1381:300 BC
1368:Varese
1350:500 BC
1330:500 BC
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1185:600 BC
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