721:
1664:
2333:
2233:
2150:
2066:
1083:
1910:
1775:
1671:
1598:
1466:
2226:
2143:
35:
1903:
647:
2326:
1768:
371:
308:
206:
1177:
1459:
2412:
1591:
1184:
941:
1330:
41:
1337:
1090:
791:
728:
654:
520:
934:
199:
301:
2059:
513:
784:
2405:
364:
887:
to conquer Milan and Naples. With French armies near Pavia, Ludovico and his loyalists left Milan on 17 September 1499 to flee toward
Germany. This left Louis XII as the only Duke of Milan, entering the city on 6 October 1499.
444:
After the death of
Filippo Maria in 1447, the main line of Visconti went extinct. Benefited by political chaos, a cabal of wealthy citizens, academics and clerics declared the Duchy dissolved and proclaimed the oligarchical
2012:
officially gained the Duchy of Milan, a possession considered vital to the security of
Austria's southern border. Since that moment, Milan was a permanent possession of the Austrian branch of the Habsburg dynasty.
1386:
In 1535, after the death of the heirless
Francesco II Sforza, Emperor Charles V annexed the Duchy as a vacant imperial state in order to avoid other claims by the French or the collateral branches of Sforza.
1131:
in 1515, the Swiss retired from Milan and
Massimiliano was imprisoned by the returning French troops. He waived his rights to Milan for the sum of 30,000 ducats and continued to live in France.
879:(future Louis XII), was humiliated and due to his personal hate toward Ludovico Sforza, started to claim the Duchy of Milan for himself, quoting his paternal descendance from
859:
In 1494, Ludovico Sforza usurped the throne of Milan, after probably poisoning his nephew Gian
Galeazzo. After the threats of the Venetians, Ludovico solicited French king
1845:
In
September 1700, Charles became ill; by 28 September he was no longer able to eat and Portocarrero persuaded him to alter his Will in favour of Louis XIV's grandson,
1849:. When Charles died on 1 November 1700, the throne was offered to Philip, who was proclaimed King of Spain on 16 November 1700. This was accepted by Britain and the
1043:
became the Sforza claimant to the
Milanese Throne, which he finally re-gained in January 1513, six months after the Swiss army's entrance in Milan.
2914:
2078:
48:
Quarterly: 1st and 4th, Or an eagle stand Sable, wearing a crown; 2nd and 3rd, Argent a serpent ripple Azure, wearing a crown, eating a moor Gules
720:
465:, defected from Milan to Venice in 1448, and two years later, after several side switches and cunning strategies, Sforza entered the city during
2621:
461:. Taking advantage of the state's weakness and the resurgent Guelph-Ghibelline conflict, the commander-in-chief of the Milanese forces,
1663:
880:
2585:
2332:
2232:
2149:
2065:
3000:
740:
1684:
1610:
1479:
1082:
2425:
3005:
2570:
2449:
2971:
2952:
2859:
1275:
954:
404:
1539:
121:
1909:
2898:
2834:
2516:
2473:
2385:
2306:
2189:
2039:
2009:
1283:
87:
2142:
2225:
2206:
2162:
1854:
1563:
1286:, however, and by late November had been forced out of Milan and had retreated to a ring of towns around the
1263:
1975:
1788:
1774:
1670:
1597:
1465:
3010:
2875:
1902:
884:
864:
219:
2493:
994:
596:
320:
883:
and Gian
Galeazzo's last will. After Louis XII's ascension to the French Throne in 1499, he started the
34:
2246:
2194:
384:
2995:
2595:
2539:
646:
469:. He was then declared the new Duke of Milan by the City Council, using as a claim his marriage with
446:
2643:
2325:
2270:
1767:
276:
152:
67:
2990:
2590:
287:
1240:
1017:
860:
614:
426:
350:
340:
185:
144:
77:
18:
This article is about the dukes of Milan (1395–1814). For the lords of Milan (1259–1395), see
1808:
1267:
760:
633:
578:
470:
2345:
1923:
1839:
1349:
707:
268:
1176:
8:
2105:
1970:
1748:
1738:
1730:
1571:
1519:
1316:
1157:
1128:
914:
876:
1401:. This was made official at the abdication of Charles V in 1555. In 1556, Philip became
2908:
2869:
2631:
2561:
1853:, among others. Disputes over division of territories and commercial rights led to the
1828:
1708:
1644:
1634:
1439:
1402:
1398:
1217:
841:
803:
697:
684:
499:
462:
450:
370:
307:
205:
125:
2782:
The Deadly
Sisterhood: A Story of Women, Power and Intrigue in the Italian Renaissance
2967:
2948:
2894:
2855:
2830:
2827:
Eighteenth-Century Spain 1700-1788: A Political, Diplomatic and Institutional History
2676:
2600:
2111:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1947:
1883:
1846:
1499:
1458:
1380:
1287:
1069:
1040:
872:
833:
826:
622:
458:
243:
137:
2933:
1197:
974:
868:
2411:
2658:
2543:
1369:
1255:
1120:
1109:
1032:
852:
770:
533:
437:
1329:
1282:, was tasked with resisting the Imperial and Papal forces; he was outmatched by
1039:
Ludovico Sforza was captured on February 1500, dying in prison in 1508. His son
1850:
1410:
1406:
1391:
557:
454:
1590:
1336:
1089:
790:
727:
653:
519:
40:
2984:
2372:
2293:
2123:
666:
159:. Since that moment, all the following rulers of Milan were styled as dukes.
105:
19:
1183:
940:
875:
and were unable to expand in Italy. Charles VIII's top general and cousin,
466:
933:
2531:
198:
120:
from the 13th century to 1814, after which it was incorporated into the
1290:. For the third time and last time, the Sforza were restored to power.
1271:
1262:
By November 1521, the French situation had deteriorated considerably.
300:
2058:
1992:
1397:
In 1540, the Duchy was secretly given as a gift to Charles V's son
783:
512:
2404:
449:. The republic was never recognized and the neighboring states of
363:
156:
1279:
113:
117:
2962:
Baumgartner, Frederic J. (1996). St.Martin's Press (ed.).
2780:
Frieda, Leonie (2012). Weidenfeld & Nicolson (ed.).
155:, who sold the title under the payment of circa 100,000
457:
tried to expand their fiefdoms in Lombardy, as well as
2810:
Blocksman, Wim (2002). Oxford University Press (ed.).
2824:
2657:Symonds, John A. (1888). Henry Holt and Co. (ed.).
1274:signed an alliance against Francis on 28 November.
2675:
867:. After Ludovico's betrayal and alliance with the
1245:Legitimate heir according to Gian Galeazzo's will
1022:Legitimate heir according to Gian Galeazzo's will
2982:
2795:Konstam, Angus (1996). Osprey Publishing (ed.).
2765:Durant, Will (1953). Simon and Schuster (ed.).
2888:
2620:Bartoš, František M. (1937). Treccani (ed.).
1254:
1119:
1031:
851:
436:
2945:Cronologia Cronografia e Calendario Perpetuo
2931:
2913:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2704:
2692:
2660:Renaissance in Italy: the Age of the Despots
2961:
2932:Ady, Cecilia M.; Armstrong, Edward (1907).
2852:The War of the Spanish Succession 1701-1714
2752:
2740:
2728:
2716:
2674:Lucas, Henry S. (1960). Harper Bros (ed.).
2797:Pavia 1525: The Climax of the Italian Wars
2767:The Renaissance. The Story of Civilization
1390:
473:, illegitimate daughter of Filippo Maria.
2809:
1838:
871:in 1495, the French were defeated in the
131:
2889:Ward, William, Leathes, Stanley (1912).
2942:
2849:
2794:
2656:
2623:Venceslao IV re di Boemia e di Germania
2586:List of governors of the Duchy of Milan
2983:
2854:(Kindle ed.). 96: Pen and Sword.
2779:
2764:
2619:
2673:
2893:(2010 ed.). Nabu. p. 384.
1379:
863:to descend into Italy, starting the
136:
2935:A History of Milan under the Sforza
2678:The Renaissance and the Reformation
13:
2450:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
14:
3022:
2825:Hargreaves- Mawdsley, HN (1979).
2193:(semi-salic blood proximity; see
1276:Odet de Foix, Viscount of Lautrec
275:Title purchased from German king
2483:
2459:
2435:
2410:
2403:
2331:
2324:
2280:
2256:
2231:
2224:
2172:
2148:
2141:
2079:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick
2064:
2057:
1933:
1908:
1901:
1798:
1773:
1766:
1694:
1669:
1662:
1620:
1596:
1589:
1549:
1529:
1509:
1489:
1464:
1457:
1335:
1328:
1207:
1182:
1175:
1088:
1081:
984:
964:
939:
932:
813:
789:
782:
726:
719:
652:
645:
568:
543:
518:
511:
394:
369:
362:
306:
299:
229:
204:
197:
39:
33:
2925:
2882:
2843:
2818:
2803:
2788:
2773:
2758:
2503:
2499:
2479:
2455:
2431:
2355:
2351:
2276:
2252:
2168:
2088:
2084:
1957:
1953:
1929:
1818:
1814:
1794:
1718:
1714:
1690:
1616:
1545:
1525:
1505:
1485:
1359:
1355:
1227:
1223:
1203:
1004:
1000:
980:
960:
809:
750:
746:
676:
672:
588:
584:
564:
539:
414:
410:
390:
330:
326:
253:
249:
225:
2746:
2734:
2722:
2710:
2698:
2686:
2667:
2650:
2613:
2474:Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
68:Wenceslaus, King of the Romans
1:
2829:. Macmillan. pp. 15–16.
2606:
2163:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
1855:War of the Spanish Succession
2891:The Cambridge Modern History
2812:Emperor Charles V, 1500–1558
7:
3001:Lists of monarchs in Europe
2769:. Vol. 5. p. 191.
2579:
2568:
2559:
2494:Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
2444:(Not survived to adulthood)
2265:(Not survived to adulthood)
321:Antonia Malatesta of Cesena
122:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
45:Arms of Francesco I Sforza.
10:
3027:
2943:Adriano, Cappelli (1998).
2364:(14 survived to adulthood)
2195:Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
2181:(10 survived to adulthood)
1399:Philip, Prince of Asturias
1127:After their defeat in the
17:
3006:Lists of Italian nobility
2966:. Palgrave Macmillan US.
2596:List of consorts of Milan
2571:Kings of Lombardy-Venetia
2567:
2558:
2511:
2468:(7 survived to adulthood)
2423:
2409:
2402:
2388:
2383:
2309:
2209:
2126:
2097:(3 survived to adulthood)
2042:
2018:
1994:House of Habsburg-Austria
1942:(2 survived to adulthood)
1886:
1862:
1751:
1727:(2 survived to adulthood)
1703:(2 survived to adulthood)
1647:
1629:(5 survived to adulthood)
1574:
1558:(1 survived to adulthood)
1480:Maria Manuela of Portugal
1442:
1418:
1295:
1278:, the French governor of
1160:
1136:
1048:
917:
893:
877:Louis II, Duke of Orléans
603:(5 survived to adulthood)
478:
447:Golden Ambrosian Republic
238:(2 survived to adulthood)
164:
101:
93:
83:
73:
63:
55:
32:
27:
2874:: CS1 maint: location (
2705:Ady & Armstrong 1907
2693:Ady & Armstrong 1907
2426:Elisabeth of WĂĽrttemberg
2271:Maria Josepha of Bavaria
1982:grandnephew of Charles I
1239:Great great-grandson of
693:2 illegitimate children
597:Giovanna d'Acquapendente
261:2 illegitimate children
2850:Falkner, James (2015).
2591:List of mayors of Milan
2104:Cousin-once-removed of
1562:Title given by Emperor
1392:House of Habsburg-Spain
837:2 legitimized children
688:4 illegitimate children
600:7 illegitimate children
1840:House of Bourbon-Anjou
1789:Marie Louise d’Orléans
1241:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
1018:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
823:2 legitimized children
821:Bernardina de Corradis
615:Filippo Maria Visconti
427:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
341:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
145:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
132:List of dukes of Milan
78:Gian Galeazzo Visconti
1976:Charles I's last will
1809:Maria Anna of Neuburg
1405:and Milan entered in
1268:Henry VIII of England
579:Bianca Maria Visconti
471:Bianca Maria Visconti
422:1 illegitimate child
2346:Maria Luisa of Spain
2033:Succession right(s)
1924:Maria Luisa of Savoy
1877:Succession right(s)
1734:1 legitimized child
1433:Succession right(s)
1350:Christina of Denmark
1310:Succession right(s)
1151:Succession right(s)
1063:Succession right(s)
908:Succession right(s)
493:Succession right(s)
269:Galeazzo II Visconti
179:Succession right(s)
3011:Milan-related lists
2938:. Methuen & Co.
2110:Dukedom granted by
1685:Elisabeth of France
1611:Margaret of Austria
1520:Elisabeth of Valois
1129:Battle of Marignano
830:1 legitimized child
2562:Congress of Vienna
1832:(blood proximity)
1709:Mariana of Austria
1680:17 September 1665
1638:(blood proximity)
1475:13 September 1598
1403:Philip II of Spain
1373:(blood proximity)
1218:Eleanor of Austria
1016:Great-grandson of
885:Second Italian War
881:Valentina Visconti
845:(blood proximity)
842:Francesco I Sforza
800:17 September 1499
741:Isabella of Aragon
698:Francesco I Sforza
685:Lucrezia Landriani
463:Francesco I Sforza
220:Isabella of France
126:Congress of Vienna
2601:Timeline of Milan
2577:
2576:
2376:(blood proximity)
2247:Isabella of Parma
2242:20 February 1790
2159:29 November 1780
2112:Treaty of Rastatt
2008:of 1714, Emperor
2006:Treaty of Rastatt
1998:Habsburg-Lorraine
1990:
1989:
1983:
1948:Elisabeth Farnese
1836:
1835:
1780:17 September 1665
1603:13 September 1598
1500:Mary I of England
1381:House of Habsburg
1377:
1376:
1264:Emperor Charles V
1252:
1251:
1193:20 November 1521
1117:
1116:
1029:
1028:
873:Battle of Fornovo
865:First Italian War
849:
848:
834:Lucrezia Crivelli
827:Cecilia Gallerani
663:26 December 1476
623:Right of conquest
552:(died in infancy)
434:
433:
385:Beatrice of Tenda
244:Caterina Visconti
215:3 September 1402
138:House of Visconti
111:
110:
3018:
2996:History of Milan
2977:
2958:
2939:
2919:
2918:
2912:
2904:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2873:
2865:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2762:
2756:
2753:Baumgartner 1996
2750:
2744:
2741:Baumgartner 1996
2738:
2732:
2729:Baumgartner 1996
2726:
2720:
2717:Baumgartner 1996
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2641:
2637:
2635:
2627:
2617:
2573:
2564:
2536:
2530:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2469:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2392:
2391:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2338:20 February 1790
2335:
2328:
2321:
2313:
2312:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2266:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2238:29 November 1780
2235:
2228:
2221:
2213:
2212:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2130:
2129:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2075:20 October 1740
2068:
2061:
2054:
2046:
2045:
2016:
2015:
1981:
1969:Heir-general of
1961:
1959:
1955:
1943:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1890:
1889:
1860:
1859:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1784:1 November 1700
1777:
1770:
1763:
1755:
1754:
1742:(primogeniture)
1728:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1651:
1650:
1630:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1578:
1577:
1559:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1446:
1445:
1416:
1415:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1346:24 October 1535
1339:
1332:
1325:
1293:
1292:
1284:Prospero Colonna
1231:
1229:
1225:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1198:Claude of France
1186:
1179:
1172:
1164:
1163:
1134:
1133:
1113:(primogeniture)
1104:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1046:
1045:
1008:
1006:
1002:
988:
986:
982:
975:Anne of Brittany
968:
966:
962:
943:
936:
929:
921:
920:
891:
890:
869:League of Venice
817:
815:
811:
793:
786:
779:
764:(primogeniture)
754:
752:
748:
737:21 October 1494
733:26 December 1476
730:
723:
716:
701:(primogeniture)
680:
678:
674:
656:
649:
642:
604:
592:
590:
586:
572:
570:
566:
553:
547:
545:
541:
522:
515:
508:
476:
475:
418:
416:
412:
398:
396:
392:
373:
366:
359:
344:(primogeniture)
334:
332:
328:
313:3 September 1402
310:
303:
296:
257:
255:
251:
239:
233:
231:
227:
211:5 September 1395
208:
201:
194:
162:
161:
59:5 September 1395
43:
37:
25:
24:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3015:
2981:
2980:
2974:
2955:
2928:
2923:
2922:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2887:
2883:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2823:
2819:
2808:
2804:
2793:
2789:
2778:
2774:
2763:
2759:
2751:
2747:
2739:
2735:
2727:
2723:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2699:
2691:
2687:
2672:
2668:
2655:
2651:
2639:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2618:
2614:
2609:
2582:
2553:
2551:
2544:Napoleonic Wars
2538:
2534:
2529:Does not appear
2528:
2523:
2520:(primogeniture)
2519:
2508:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2429:
2428:
2420:
2418:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2389:
2387:
2379:
2375:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2339:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2310:
2308:
2300:
2297:(primogeniture)
2296:
2285:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2250:
2249:
2241:
2239:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2200:
2192:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2166:
2165:
2158:
2156:
2155:20 October 1740
2136:
2134:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2117:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2082:
2081:
2074:
2072:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2029:
2002:
1986:
1973:
1962:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1927:
1926:
1918:
1916:
1915:1 November 1700
1896:
1894:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1873:
1847:Philip of Anjou
1843:
1831:
1823:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1792:
1791:
1783:
1781:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1752:
1750:
1741:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1688:
1687:
1679:
1677:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1648:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1604:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1543:
1542:
1540:Anna of Austria
1537:
1536:
1534:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1472:
1471:11 October 1540
1452:
1450:
1449:
1443:
1441:
1429:
1395:
1384:
1372:
1370:Ludovico Sforza
1364:
1353:
1352:
1345:
1343:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1306:
1260:
1256:House of Sforza
1248:
1232:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1190:
1189:11 October 1515
1170:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1159:
1147:
1125:
1121:House of Valois
1112:
1110:Ludovico Sforza
1103:Does not appear
1102:
1099:5 October 1515
1098:
1096:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1059:
1037:
1033:House of Sforza
1025:
1009:
998:
997:
995:Mary of England
992:
991:
989:
978:
977:
972:
971:
969:
958:
957:
949:
947:
927:
925:
924:
918:
916:
904:
857:
853:House of Valois
844:
836:
832:
831:
829:
825:
824:
822:
820:
818:
807:
806:
804:Beatrice d'Este
799:
797:
796:21 October 1494
777:
775:
774:
763:
755:
744:
743:
736:
734:
714:
712:
711:
700:
692:
690:
689:
687:
683:
681:
670:
669:
662:
660:
640:
638:
637:
627:
602:
601:
599:
595:
593:
582:
581:
576:
575:
573:
562:
561:
555:
554:
551:
550:
548:
537:
536:
534:Polissena Ruffo
528:
526:
506:
504:
503:
489:
442:
438:House of Sforza
429:
421:
419:
408:
407:
402:
401:
399:
388:
387:
380:13 August 1447
379:
377:
357:
355:
354:
343:
335:
324:
323:
316:
314:
294:
292:
291:
281:
272:(primogeniture)
271:
260:
258:
247:
246:
241:
240:
237:
236:
234:
223:
222:
214:
212:
192:
190:
189:
175:
153:King Wenceslaus
141:
134:
94:Extinction date
51:
46:
38:
23:
12:
11:
5:
3024:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2991:Dukes of Milan
2979:
2978:
2972:
2959:
2953:
2940:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2899:
2881:
2860:
2842:
2835:
2817:
2802:
2787:
2784:. p. 333.
2772:
2757:
2745:
2733:
2721:
2709:
2697:
2685:
2682:. p. 268.
2666:
2649:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2566:
2556:
2555:
2547:
2546:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2512:
2510:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2390:(Francesco II)
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2368:
2366:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2289:
2287:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2185:
2183:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2128:(Maria Teresa)
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2099:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2001:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1966:
1964:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1851:Dutch Republic
1842:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1825:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1744:
1743:
1735:
1731:MarĂa CalderĂłn
1681:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1640:
1639:
1631:
1608:
1607:31 March 1621
1601:
1594:
1587:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1407:personal union
1394:
1389:
1383:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1366:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1236:
1234:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1105:Never married
1100:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1013:
1011:
955:Joan of France
951:
946:6 October 1499
944:
937:
930:
910:
909:
906:
901:
898:
895:
856:
850:
847:
846:
838:
801:
794:
787:
780:
766:
765:
761:Galeazzo Maria
757:
738:
731:
724:
717:
703:
702:
694:
691:Lucia Marliani
664:
657:
650:
643:
634:Galeazzo Maria
629:
628:
626:
625:
617:
613:Son-in-law of
607:
605:
558:Jacopo Caldora
530:
523:
516:
509:
495:
494:
491:
486:
483:
480:
441:
435:
432:
431:
430:(brotherhood)
423:
381:
374:
367:
360:
346:
345:
337:
318:
311:
304:
297:
288:Giovanni Maria
283:
282:
280:
279:
273:
264:
262:
216:
209:
202:
195:
181:
180:
177:
172:
169:
166:
140:
135:
133:
130:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
44:
30:
29:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3023:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2975:
2973:0-312-12072-9
2969:
2965:
2960:
2956:
2954:88-203-2502-0
2950:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2916:
2910:
2902:
2896:
2892:
2885:
2877:
2871:
2863:
2861:9781473872905
2857:
2853:
2846:
2838:
2832:
2828:
2821:
2814:. p. 52.
2813:
2806:
2799:. p. 88.
2798:
2791:
2783:
2776:
2768:
2761:
2755:, p. 117
2754:
2749:
2743:, p. 114
2742:
2737:
2731:, p. 105
2730:
2725:
2718:
2713:
2706:
2701:
2694:
2689:
2680:
2679:
2670:
2663:(in Italian).
2662:
2661:
2653:
2645:
2633:
2626:(in Italian).
2625:
2624:
2616:
2612:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2572:
2563:
2557:
2554:7 April 1815
2550:11 April 1814
2549:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2540:Revolutionary
2533:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2495:
2475:
2451:
2427:
2416:
2413:
2406:
2394:
2393:
2382:
2374:
2373:Maria Theresa
2370:
2369:
2367:
2347:
2344:
2342:1 March 1792
2337:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2314:
2304:
2303:
2295:
2294:Maria Theresa
2291:
2290:
2288:
2272:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2164:
2161:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2131:
2124:Maria Theresa
2121:
2120:
2113:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2080:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2007:
1999:
1995:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1949:
1925:
1921:
1919:7 March 1714
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1891:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1841:
1830:
1826:
1810:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1710:
1686:
1682:
1676:31 March 1621
1675:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1649:(Filippo III)
1642:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1612:
1609:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1580:
1579:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1541:
1521:
1501:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1447:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1411:Spanish Crown
1408:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1371:
1367:
1351:
1348:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1257:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1219:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1166:
1165:
1162:(Francesco I)
1155:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1122:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1034:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1012:
996:
976:
956:
952:
950:20 June 1512
945:
942:
938:
935:
931:
923:
922:
912:
911:
907:
902:
899:
896:
892:
889:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
854:
843:
839:
835:
828:
805:
802:
795:
792:
788:
785:
781:
773:
772:
768:
767:
762:
758:
742:
739:
732:
729:
725:
722:
718:
710:
709:
708:Gian Galeazzo
705:
704:
699:
695:
686:
668:
667:Bona of Savoy
665:
658:
655:
651:
648:
644:
636:
635:
631:
630:
624:
621:
618:
616:
612:
609:
608:
606:
598:
580:
559:
535:
531:
529:8 March 1466
525:25 March 1450
524:
521:
517:
514:
510:
502:
501:
497:
496:
492:
487:
484:
481:
477:
474:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
439:
428:
424:
406:
405:Mary of Savoy
386:
382:
375:
372:
368:
365:
361:
353:
352:
351:Filippo Maria
348:
347:
342:
338:
322:
319:
312:
309:
305:
302:
298:
290:
289:
285:
284:
278:
277:Wenceslaus IV
274:
270:
266:
265:
263:
245:
221:
217:
210:
207:
203:
200:
196:
188:
187:
186:Gian Galeazzo
183:
182:
178:
173:
170:
167:
163:
160:
158:
154:
150:
149:Duke of Milan
146:
139:
129:
127:
123:
119:
116:was ruled by
115:
107:
106:Sforza Castle
104:
100:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
58:
56:Creation date
54:
49:
42:
36:
31:
28:Duke of Milan
26:
21:
20:Lord of Milan
16:
2963:
2944:
2934:
2926:Bibliography
2890:
2884:
2851:
2845:
2826:
2820:
2811:
2805:
2796:
2790:
2781:
2775:
2766:
2760:
2748:
2736:
2724:
2719:, p. 40
2712:
2707:, p. 60
2700:
2695:, p. 47
2688:
2677:
2669:
2659:
2652:
2622:
2615:
2421:15 May 1796
2417:1 March 1792
2384:
2311:(Leopoldo I)
2305:
2211:(Giuseppe I)
2205:
2188:Daughter of
2122:
2071:7 March 1714
2038:
2003:
1888:(Filippo IV)
1882:
1844:
1747:
1643:
1576:(Filippo II)
1570:
1438:
1396:
1385:
1342:4 April 1522
1317:Francesco II
1315:
1261:
1156:
1126:
1095:16 June 1512
1070:Massimiliano
1068:
1041:Massimiliano
1038:
913:
861:Charles VIII
858:
769:
706:
659:8 March 1466
632:
619:
611:By pretence:
610:
498:
467:Annunciation
443:
349:
317:16 May 1412
286:
184:
148:
142:
112:
74:First holder
47:
15:
2640:|work=
2535:(1796–1814)
2532:Interregnum
2465:11 children
2361:16 children
2178:15 children
2028:Marriage(s)
1963:6 children
1872:Marriage(s)
1444:(Filippo I)
1428:Marriage(s)
1305:Marriage(s)
1146:Marriage(s)
1058:Marriage(s)
990:2 Daughters
919:(Luigi XII)
903:Marriage(s)
756:3 children
560:'s daughter
500:Francesco I
488:Marriage(s)
376:16 May 1412
174:Marriage(s)
147:was titled
97:9 June 1815
84:Last holder
2985:Categories
2947:. Hoepli.
2900:1174382058
2836:0333146123
2607:References
2560:Since the
2509:Childless
2386:Francis II
2286:Childless
2262:2 children
2190:Charles II
2094:4 children
2044:(Carlo II)
2040:Charles II
2010:Charles VI
2004:After the
1939:4 children
1829:Philip III
1824:Childless
1724:5 children
1700:8 children
1645:Philip III
1626:8 children
1555:5 children
1535:2 children
1498:(2) Queen
1365:Childless
1288:Adda River
1272:Pope Leo X
1258:(3rd rule)
1233:Childless
1213:7 children
1123:(2nd rule)
1035:(2nd rule)
1010:Childless
855:(1st rule)
819:2 children
682:4 children
594:8 children
549:1 daughter
440:(1st rule)
336:Childless
259:2 children
235:4 children
88:Francis II
64:Created by
2964:Louis XII
2909:cite book
2870:cite book
2642:ignored (
2632:cite book
2517:Leopold I
2489:Childless
2399:(aged 67)
2397:1768–1835
2320:(aged 44)
2318:1747–1792
2307:Leopold I
2220:(aged 48)
2218:1741–1790
2137:(aged 63)
2135:1717–1780
2106:Charles I
2053:(aged 55)
2051:1685–1740
1971:Charles I
1897:(aged 62)
1895:1683–1746
1884:Philip IV
1857:in 1701.
1804:Childless
1762:(aged 38)
1760:1661–1700
1753:(Carlo I)
1749:Charles I
1739:Philip II
1658:(aged 60)
1656:1605–1665
1585:(aged 42)
1583:1578–1621
1572:Philip II
1564:Charles V
1515:Childless
1453:(aged 71)
1451:1527–1598
1409:with the
1324:(aged 40)
1322:1495–1535
1171:(aged 52)
1169:1494–1547
1158:Francis I
1077:(aged 37)
1075:1493–1530
970:Childless
928:(aged 52)
926:1462–1515
915:Louis XII
778:(aged 55)
776:1452–1508
715:(aged 25)
713:1469–1494
641:(aged 32)
639:1444–1476
620:De facto:
574:Childless
507:(aged 64)
505:1401–1466
420:Childless
400:Childless
358:(aged 54)
356:1392–1447
295:(aged 23)
293:1388–1412
193:(aged 50)
191:1351–1402
143:In 1395,
2580:See also
2207:Joseph I
1635:Philip I
1440:Philip I
771:Ludovico
2515:Son of
2441:1 child
2371:Son of
2292:Son of
2025:Tenure
1869:Tenure
1827:Son of
1737:Son of
1633:Son of
1495:1 child
1425:Tenure
1368:Son of
1302:Tenure
1143:Tenure
1108:Son of
1055:Tenure
900:Tenure
840:Son of
759:Son of
696:Son of
485:Tenure
425:Son of
339:Son of
267:Son of
171:Tenure
157:florins
124:by the
102:Seat(s)
2970:
2951:
2897:
2858:
2833:
2502:1816;
2482:1808;
2458:1790;
2434:1788;
2354:1765;
2279:1765;
2255:1760;
2171:1736;
2114:(1714)
2087:1708;
2030:Issue
1996:(then
1956:1714;
1932:1701;
1874:Issue
1817:1690;
1797:1679;
1717:1649;
1693:1615;
1619:1599;
1548:1570;
1528:1559;
1508:1554;
1488:1543;
1430:Issue
1358:1534;
1307:Issue
1270:, and
1226:1530;
1206:1514;
1148:Issue
1060:Issue
1003:1514;
983:1499;
963:1476;
905:Issue
812:1491;
749:1489;
675:1468;
587:1441;
567:1424;
556:(2) A
542:1418;
490:Issue
459:France
451:Venice
413:1428;
393:1412;
329:1408;
252:1380;
228:1360;
176:Issue
2506:1835)
2486:1816)
2462:1807)
2438:1790)
2358:1792)
2283:1767)
2259:1763)
2175:1765)
2091:1740)
2022:Arms
2019:Duke
1974:(See
1960:1746)
1936:1714)
1866:Arms
1863:Duke
1821:1700)
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1721:1665)
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1419:Duke
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165:Duke
118:dukes
114:Milan
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