39:
895:
by the military against the historical leadership of Aflaq and Bitar led the Syrian and Iraqi parties to split into rival organizations — the Qotri (or regionalist) Syria-based party and the Qawmi (or nationalist) Iraq-based party. Both retained the Ba'ath name and parallel structures within the Arab
881:
it has had a monopoly on political power since the party's 1963 coup. Ba'athists also seized power in Iraq in 1963, but were deposed some months later. They returned to power in a 1968 coup and remained the sole party of government until the
3766:
2403:
3756:
3663:
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2892:
3761:
2754:
3905:
3746:
3705:
1372:
1244:
605:
547:
3695:
1197:
542:
3726:
2425:
1324:
468:
3940:
3773:
3751:
3653:
2102:[الرفيق الدكتور كمال كرار عضو القيادة القطرية السودانية.لحزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي] (in Arabic). Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. Archived from
1421:
1388:
610:
568:
384:
3658:
1068:
405:
2352:
1406:
1278:
781:
589:
368:
347:
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389:
299:
1292:
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447:
410:
3997:
3612:
1483:
1229:
637:
563:
4251:
4233:
2237:
1257:
998:
97:
4012:
3990:
3970:
3643:
2228:
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1522:
1036:
1015:
994:
670:
342:
87:
3960:
3741:
3670:
1475:
1086:
896:
world, but hostilities between them grew to the point that the Syrian Ba'ath government became the only Arab government to support
426:
4432:
2018:
4101:
4080:
3930:
3626:
2760:
973:
The direct predecessor to the Arab
Socialist Ba'ath Party, it merged with the Arab Ba'ath to form the Arab Ba'ath Party in 1947.
3680:
3675:
2083:
2002:
1962:
1928:
1894:
1657:
1136:
1118:
484:
463:
2362:
239:
4131:
4070:
2398:
2099:
1583:
4201:
4166:
3731:
1340:
505:
4156:
4111:
3857:
3824:
2171:
1863:
1776:
1731:
1693:
774:
4075:
3819:
3472:
2902:
1832:
1537:
4221:
4216:
4206:
4007:
3980:
3721:
3482:
1559:
Was established by a split inside the Arab
Socialist Ba'ath Party – Country of Sudan, the pro-Iraqi ba'ath branch.
1503:
1308:
657:
431:
38:
4228:
3648:
3442:
3052:
1052:
363:
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2420:
2255:
1764:
1609:
4427:
4261:
4171:
4126:
3047:
2290:
2198:
767:
280:
2372:
2347:
2327:
289:
285:
4055:
3012:
2962:
1614:
304:
822:
interests, opposed to imperialism, and calling for the renaissance or resurrection and unification of the
4196:
4161:
4121:
4002:
3700:
3380:
2415:
1213:
584:
309:
294:
4374:
4367:
4186:
4106:
3355:
3336:
2430:
203:
198:
2100:"Comrade Dr. Kamal Karrar, member of the National Command of the Sudanese Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party"
993:
in 1952 and renamed itself the Arab
Socialist Ba'ath Party. The party broke into two in 1966, between
4256:
4065:
3878:
2163:
2063:
1719:
4176:
4027:
3142:
3077:
2927:
2627:
2191:
1545:
869:. It has established branches in different Arab countries, although it has only ever held power in
683:
4181:
3985:
3685:
3562:
3252:
2937:
2907:
2285:
2280:
1954:
1151:
990:
953:
500:
275:
67:
4211:
4017:
3547:
3527:
3517:
3467:
3272:
3247:
3182:
3087:
3022:
2967:
2922:
2622:
2527:
259:
179:
2157:
2075:
1914:
1880:
1818:
1723:
1685:
1649:
842:) — refers to Arab unity, and freedom from non-Arab control and interference. Its ideology of
3803:
3690:
3542:
3492:
3267:
3062:
3042:
2865:
2815:
2676:
2607:
2445:
2311:
1990:
The encyclopedia of the Arab–Israeli conflict: a political, social, and military history: A–F
1849:
1768:
1167:
1126:
968:
866:
521:
269:
134:
22:
2049:
1988:
3452:
3365:
3217:
3162:
3032:
2957:
2810:
2612:
2071:
164:
8:
3862:
3567:
3410:
3277:
3232:
3202:
3187:
3027:
3017:
3007:
2992:
2337:
2134:
1910:
1855:
4191:
4136:
3847:
3532:
3507:
3395:
3227:
3132:
2942:
2912:
2795:
2729:
2549:
2388:
2342:
2332:
2183:
2138:
2022:
1886:
1824:
883:
244:
234:
948:
The party merged with the Arab Ba'ath
Movement to form the Arab Ba'ath Party in 1947.
4022:
3557:
3522:
3462:
3292:
3107:
3072:
3002:
2997:
2977:
2932:
2775:
2559:
2393:
2167:
2079:
1998:
1958:
1924:
1890:
1859:
1828:
1772:
1727:
1689:
1653:
1460:
901:
647:
249:
229:
2103:
891:
4310:
4300:
4060:
3537:
3287:
3282:
3172:
3152:
3137:
2947:
2917:
2835:
2805:
2800:
2719:
2532:
2450:
2357:
1673:
1076:
815:
753:
710:
314:
4398:
3935:
3925:
3852:
3798:
3420:
3400:
3297:
3262:
3257:
3242:
3207:
3127:
3117:
3057:
2972:
2875:
2870:
2860:
2825:
2785:
2739:
2714:
2644:
2602:
2569:
2214:
1494:
1396:
978:
799:
746:
174:
144:
139:
77:
1587:
4392:
4315:
3945:
3577:
3512:
3457:
3405:
3370:
3312:
3307:
3122:
3112:
3037:
2987:
2855:
2790:
2780:
2734:
2654:
2617:
2597:
2554:
2522:
2440:
2435:
2367:
2275:
1678:
Understanding Iraq: A Whistlestop Tour from
Ancient Babylon to Occupied Baghdad
943:
932:
851:
843:
819:
715:
209:
169:
159:
149:
124:
57:
4421:
4335:
4330:
3950:
3502:
3497:
3390:
3322:
3302:
3222:
3177:
3167:
3067:
2982:
2845:
2830:
2724:
1756:
4320:
4305:
3793:
3736:
3147:
2850:
2770:
2692:
2649:
2517:
2501:
2496:
2306:
1878:
1356:
964:
862:
526:
129:
30:
4350:
4325:
3955:
3572:
3317:
3237:
3212:
3197:
3192:
3157:
3082:
2840:
2820:
2697:
2671:
1681:
1645:
725:
154:
4345:
3552:
2952:
2142:
823:
812:
1986:
834:
and means "rebirth," "resurrection," "restoration," or "renaissance" (
4340:
2410:
1920:
730:
720:
4096:
1994:
264:
254:
1847:
1796:"Political Programme of the Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard Party"
2048:. Vol. 5–6. Center for Research in Law and Justice. p.
847:
1795:
2125:
Torrey, Gordon H. (1969). "The Ba'th: Ideology and
Practice".
1951:
Dictionary of the
African Left: Parties, Movements and Groups
878:
870:
858:
2021:. US Labor Against the War. 9 September 2004. Archived from
846:
is notably different in origins and practice from classical
989:
Founded as the Arab Ba'ath Party, it later merged with the
897:
874:
2062:
886:. Since the invasion, the party has been banned in Iraq.
2213:
1879:
Lane, Jan-Erik; Redissi, Hamadi; Ṣaydāwī, Riyāḍ (2009).
1816:
2159:
Nationalist Voices in Jordan: The Street and the State
1716:
Nationalist Voices in Jordan: The Street and the State
2155:
2043:
1713:
1584:"Algerian Baath Party resumes underground activities"
1882:
Religion and
Politics: Islam and Muslim Civilization
1909:
1373:
Arab
Socialist Ba'ath Party – Organization of Sudan
1245:
National Arab
Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region
3941:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
1798:(in Arabic). Lebanon Knowledge Development Gateway
2124:
1987:Tucker, Spencer; Mary Roberts, Priscilla (2008).
1672:
4419:
2426:Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq
1948:
1761:Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East
2353:National Council for the Revolutionary Command
1755:
900:(a non-Arabic nation) against Iraq during the
4117:National Alliance for the Liberation of Syria
2199:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1851:A Political and Economic Dictionary of Africa
1848:Seddon, David; Seddon-Daines, Daniel (2005).
1635:
1633:
1198:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Region of Sudan
775:
3904:
1581:
1325:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region
838:). Its motto — "Unity, Liberty, Socialism" (
826:into a single state. Ba'ath is also spelled
806:
1642:Bush in Babylon: The Recolonisation of Iraq
1103:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Kuwait Region
2206:
2192:
2137:, Vol. 23, No. 4 (Autumn, 1969): 445–470.
1971:
1639:
1630:
1612:[جمعية التجمع القومي الديمقراطي].
1422:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region
1389:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
782:
768:
3998:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
1484:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
1069:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
638:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
3961:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
1944:
1942:
1940:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1476:Communist Action Organization in Lebanon
1256:
1014:
4102:Front of Patriotic and National Parties
4081:Palestinian National and Islamic Forces
3931:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
1790:
1788:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1258:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
4420:
4013:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
1610:"Nationalist Democratic Rally Society"
1523:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
1037:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria
1016:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
671:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
327:
4282:
3903:
3610:
2471:
2253:
2187:
1937:
1740:
1577:
1575:
1407:Party of the Democratic Arab Vanguard
1119:Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard Party
1087:Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
857:The party was founded in 1940 by the
808:Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-'Arabi Al-Ishtiraki
4132:Palestinian National Salvation Front
1810:
1785:
1702:
1007:
628:
4202:Socialist Democratic Unionist Party
4167:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
2019:"Who's Who in the Iraqi Opposition"
1666:
1341:Socialist Democratic Unionist Party
803:
13:
4252:General Federation of Trade Unions
4112:Lebanese National Resistance Front
3825:National Progressive Front (Syria)
1572:
1435:
1137:Libyan Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
210:The Genius of Arabic in Its Tongue
14:
4444:
4283:
4076:Palestine Liberation Organization
3820:National Progressive Front (Iraq)
3473:Ahmad Husayn Khudayir as-Samarrai
2903:Humam Abd al-Khaliq Abd al-Ghafur
1817:Leslie Simmons, Geoffrey (1993).
1180:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
1159:Mohamed Ould Abdellahi Ould Eyye
48:
3981:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
3611:
2885:Members of the Regional Commands
1820:Libya: The Struggle for Survival
1504:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
1429:Mahmoud Abdul-Wahab Abdul-Hamid
1094:Founded by a group of teachers.
658:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
37:
4229:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
2363:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
2149:
2118:
2092:
2056:
2037:
2011:
1916:Africa South of the Sahara 2004
1903:
1872:
1127:Abdel Majid Mohamed Tayeb Rafei
1053:Nationalist Democratic Assembly
907:
811:) was a political party mixing
4051:Alliance of Palestinian Forces
2472:
2156:Anderson, Bette Signe (2005).
2044:Talhami, Ghada Hashem (1989).
1841:
1765:University of California Press
1714:Anderson, Betty Singy (2005).
1602:
1582:Farid, Sonia (9 August 2008).
1474:The party was merged into the
1183:Sahrawi Socialist Baath Party
850:and is similar in outlook to '
1:
4262:General Union of Syrian Women
4172:Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
4127:Palestinian National Alliance
2399:Revolutionary Command Council
2291:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
1565:
1309:Arab Ba'ath Progressive Party
281:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
4071:National Democratic Alliance
4056:Forces of Freedom and Change
3053:Abdullah Sallum al-Samarra'i
3013:Muhyi Abdul-Hussein Mashhadi
2963:Adil Abdullah Mahdi Al-Douri
1011:
305:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
7:
4433:Ba'athist regional branches
4197:Social Democratic Unionists
4162:Arab Democratic Union Party
3858:National Defense Battalions
2254:
2216:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
1540:and still active in France
840:wahda, hurriya, ishtirakiya
807:
796:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
310:Assadist-Saddamist conflict
10:
4449:
4375:On the Way of Resurrection
4368:The Battle for One Destiny
4157:Arab Socialist Union Party
4107:Lebanese National Movement
3337:Ali Ahmad Nasser al-Dhahab
3048:Abd al-Khaliq al-Samarra'i
1618:(in Arabic). 9 August 2008
804:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي
204:The Battle for One Destiny
199:On the Way of Resurrection
4384:
4359:
4293:
4289:
4278:
4257:General Union of Peasants
4244:
4149:
4089:
4066:National Consensus Forces
4043:
4036:
3969:
3918:
3914:
3899:
3879:Revolutionary Youth Union
3871:
3840:
3833:
3812:
3786:
3714:
3636:
3625:
3621:
3606:
3591:
3481:
3441:
3434:
3379:
3354:
3347:
3331:
3096:
2891:
2884:
2753:
2707:
2685:
2664:
2637:
2590:
2583:
2542:
2510:
2489:
2482:
2478:
2467:
2381:
2320:
2299:
2268:
2264:
2249:
2223:
2164:University of Texas Press
2064:Federal Research Division
1949:Lain, Donald Ray (1989).
1720:University of Texas Press
1586:. ALFnews. Archived from
1538:National Democratic Rally
1517:Still active, as of 2011
1380:at-Tijani Mustafa Yassin
1263:
1021:
963:
682:
669:
656:
646:
636:
598:
577:
556:
535:
514:
493:
477:
456:
440:
419:
398:
377:
356:
335:
240:November 1963 coup d'état
96:
86:
76:
66:
56:
4207:Socialist Unionist Party
4177:Libyan National Movement
4003:Arabic Toilers' Movement
3907:Associated organizations
3767:National Security Bureau
3715:Syrian-dominated faction
3143:Mohammed Saeed Bekheitan
3078:Yahya Abdallah al-Ubaydi
2928:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
2628:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
2543:Syrian-dominated faction
2239:Syrian-dominated faction
1214:Tunisian Ba'ath Movement
98:Baath Party (pro-Syrian)
4182:National Covenant Party
3986:Arab Socialist Movement
3637:Iraqi-dominated faction
3563:Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji
3253:Mohammad Jihad al-Laham
2938:Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash
2908:Muhammad Zimam al-Sadun
2511:Iraqi-dominated faction
2431:1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
2421:Union of Arab Republics
2373:1966 Syrian coup d'état
2348:1963 Syrian coup d'état
2328:1954 Syrian coup d'état
2286:Arab Socialist Movement
2230:Iraqi-dominated faction
1300:Mahmud al-Shaykh Radhi
1152:National Vanguard Party
999:Damascus-based factions
300:Intervention in Lebanon
88:Baath Party (pro-Iraqi)
4212:Syrian Communist Party
4018:Palestinian Arab Front
3548:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
3528:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
3518:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
3468:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
3273:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
3248:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
3183:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
3088:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
3023:Ghazi Hamoud Al-Obaidi
2968:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
2923:Jamal Mustafa Abdullah
2623:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
2528:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
2068:Syria: A Country Study
1348:Mahfouz Weld al-Azizi
902:First Persian Gulf War
328:Regional organisations
180:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
4028:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
3543:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
3493:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
3268:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
3063:Nayef Shindakh Thamer
2816:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
2677:Abd al-Majid al-Rafei
2312:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
1546:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
1293:Arab Socialist Ba'ath
1279:Arab Socialist Ba'ath
1230:Arab Socialist Ba'ath
1168:Arab Liberation Front
969:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
867:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
684:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
295:Corrective Revolution
135:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
4122:National Union Front
3453:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
3411:Abdul Halim Khaddam
3366:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
3218:Abdul-Karim al-Jundi
3163:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
3033:Fawzi Mutlaq al-Rawi
2958:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2811:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2613:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2584:Regional Secretaries
2281:Arab Ba'ath Movement
2072:Kessinger Publishing
1856:Taylor & Francis
1413:Kheireddine Souabni
1364:Farhan Abu Al-Hayja
1221:Omar Othman Belhadj
991:Arab Socialist Party
954:Arab Ba'ath Movement
165:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
68:Arab Ba'ath Movement
4245:Other organizations
4187:Popular Unity Party
4037:Political alliances
3568:Wael Nader al-Halqi
3435:Heads of government
3278:Abdul Qadir Qaddura
3233:Abdul Halim Khaddam
3203:Mohammad al-Hussein
3188:Wael Nader al-Halqi
3028:Taha Yassin Ramadan
3018:Aziz Saleh Al-Numan
3008:Ali Hassan al-Majid
2993:Latif Nassif Jassim
2483:General Secretaries
2416:Corrective Movement
2338:1959 Mosul uprising
2135:Middle East Journal
2127:Middle East Journal
1911:Europa Publications
1640:Ali, Tariq (2004).
4137:Rejectionist Front
3533:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
3508:Nureddin al-Atassi
3396:Nureddin al-Atassi
3228:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
3133:Nureddin al-Atassi
3043:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
2943:Salih Mahdi Ammash
2913:Ghanim Abdul-Jalil
2866:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
2796:Nureddin al-Atassi
2730:Nureddin al-Atassi
2608:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
2560:Abdullah al-Ahmar
2550:Nureddin al-Atassi
2446:De-Ba'athification
2389:17 July Revolution
2343:Ramadan Revolution
2333:14 July Revolution
1957:. pp. 58–60.
1887:Ashgate Publishing
1825:Palgrave Macmillan
1556:Mohamed Ali Jadin
1252:Qassam Salam Said
884:2003 Iraq invasion
642:1960–1962/63
270:De-Ba'athification
245:17 July Revolution
235:Ramadan Revolution
4428:Ba'athist parties
4415:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4274:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4150:Political parties
4145:
4144:
4023:Socialist Lebanon
3895:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3782:
3781:
3628:Regional branches
3602:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3587:
3586:
3558:Riyad Farid Hijab
3523:Mahmoud al-Ayyubi
3430:
3429:
3416:
3343:
3342:
3293:Hikmat al-Shihabi
3108:Abdullah al-Ahmar
3073:Hardan al-Tikriti
3003:Adnan Khayr Allah
2998:Rashid Taan Kazim
2933:Salah Omar al-Ali
2776:Abdullah al-Ahmar
2749:
2748:
2579:
2578:
2565:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2106:on 8 October 2011
2085:978-1-4191-5022-7
2004:978-1-85109-842-2
1964:978-1-85521-014-1
1930:978-1-85743-183-4
1896:978-0-7546-7418-4
1674:Polk, William Roe
1659:978-1-84467-512-8
1563:
1562:
1461:Socialist Lebanon
1433:
1432:
1008:Regional branches
1005:
1004:
792:
791:
695:
694:
648:Socialist Lebanon
619:
618:
290:1966 coup d'états
109:
108:
4440:
4311:Arab nationalism
4301:Anti-imperialism
4291:
4290:
4280:
4279:
4061:March 8 Alliance
4041:
4040:
3973:
3972:Breakaway groups
3916:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3900:
3838:
3837:
3664:Regional Command
3634:
3633:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3607:
3538:Mahmoud Al-Zoubi
3485:
3445:
3439:
3438:
3412:
3383:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3288:Farouk al-Sharaa
3283:Hammouda Sabbagh
3173:Ibrahim al-Hadid
3153:Mahdi Dakhlallah
3138:Shibli al-Aysami
3100:
2948:Hussein Al-Awadi
2918:Saad Abdul-Majid
2895:
2889:
2888:
2836:Akram al-Hawrani
2806:Shibli al-Aysami
2801:Mansur al-Atrash
2763:
2762:National Command
2757:
2720:Shibli al-Aysami
2588:
2587:
2561:
2533:Salah Al-Mukhtar
2487:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2469:
2468:
2451:Syrian civil war
2358:Ar-Rashid revolt
2266:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2250:
2240:
2231:
2217:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2046:CJ international
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2025:on 10 March 2016
2015:
2009:
2008:
1984:
1969:
1968:
1946:
1935:
1934:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1753:
1738:
1737:
1711:
1700:
1699:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1590:on 25 April 2012
1579:
1533:Ibrahim Makhous
1440:
1439:
1189:Najim Oumejjoud
1077:Salah Al-Mukhtar
1012:
912:
911:
810:
805:
784:
777:
770:
756:
754:Socialism portal
749:
711:Arab nationalism
691:
678:
665:
634:
633:
333:
332:
315:Syrian civil war
105:
54:
53:
41:
18:
17:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4403:
4399:Pan-Arab colors
4393:Arḍ ul-Furātayn
4380:
4355:
4285:
4266:
4240:
4141:
4085:
4032:
3991:Damascus branch
3971:
3965:
3936:Free Iraqi Army
3926:Al-Abud Network
3910:
3906:
3883:
3867:
3853:Fedayeen Saddam
3848:Ba'ath Brigades
3829:
3808:
3799:Sawt al-Jamahir
3778:
3757:Central Command
3710:
3627:
3617:
3613:
3594:
3583:
3483:
3477:
3443:
3426:
3421:Bashar al-Assad
3401:Ahmad al-Khatib
3381:
3375:
3356:
3339:
3327:
3298:Hammud al-Shufi
3263:Zuhair Masharqa
3258:Ibrahim Makhous
3243:Ahmad al-Khatib
3208:Hisham Ikhtiyar
3128:Rifaat al-Assad
3118:Bashar al-Assad
3098:
3092:
3058:Talib El-Shibib
2973:Saadoun Ghaidan
2893:
2880:
2876:Khaled Yashruti
2871:Talib El-Shibib
2861:Abdullah Rimawi
2826:Wahib al-Ghanim
2786:Bashar al-Assad
2761:
2755:
2745:
2740:Bashar al-Assad
2715:Hammud al-Shufi
2703:
2681:
2660:
2645:Abdullah Rimawi
2633:
2603:Talib El-Shibib
2575:
2570:Bashar al-Assad
2538:
2506:
2474:
2455:
2377:
2316:
2295:
2260:
2256:
2245:
2238:
2229:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2166:. p. 203.
2154:
2150:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2086:
2061:
2057:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2005:
1997:. p. 185.
1993:. Vol. 1.
1985:
1972:
1965:
1947:
1938:
1931:
1923:. p. 715.
1908:
1904:
1897:
1889:. p. 217.
1877:
1873:
1866:
1846:
1842:
1835:
1827:. p. 166.
1815:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1754:
1741:
1734:
1712:
1703:
1696:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1638:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1580:
1573:
1568:
1536:Is part of the
1514:Yasin al-Hafiz
1495:Abdullah Rimawi
1438:
1436:Splinter-groups
1397:Bashar al-Assad
1175:Mahmoud Ismael
1110:Faisal al-Sani
1060:Rasul al-Jishi
1010:
910:
788:
759:
752:
747:Politics portal
745:
737:
736:
735:
705:
697:
696:
689:
676:
663:
652:1965–1970
631:
629:Splinter groups
621:
620:
615:
594:
573:
552:
531:
510:
489:
473:
452:
436:
415:
394:
373:
352:
330:
320:
319:
279:
233:
224:
216:
215:
212:
194:
186:
185:
184:
175:Bashar al-Assad
145:Wahib al-Ghanim
140:Abdullah Rimawi
119:
111:
110:
103:
92:1968–2003
82:1947–1966
72:1940–1947
62:1940–1947
51:
12:
11:
5:
4446:
4436:
4435:
4430:
4413:
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4409:
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4396:
4388:
4386:
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4363:
4361:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4316:Arab socialism
4313:
4308:
4303:
4297:
4295:
4287:
4286:
4276:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4268:
4267:
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4259:
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4226:
4225:
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4209:
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4199:
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4184:
4179:
4174:
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4159:
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4151:
4147:
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4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4047:
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4038:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3983:
3977:
3975:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3946:Jeish Muhammad
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3922:
3920:
3912:
3911:
3897:
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3893:
3892:
3889:
3888:
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3873:
3869:
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3855:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3822:
3816:
3814:
3813:Popular fronts
3810:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
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3667:
3666:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3638:
3631:
3619:
3618:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3578:Hussein Arnous
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3513:Hafez al-Assad
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3489:
3487:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3463:Sa'dun Hammadi
3460:
3458:Saddam Hussein
3455:
3449:
3447:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3418:
3408:
3406:Hafez al-Assad
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3371:Saddam Hussein
3368:
3362:
3360:
3349:
3348:Heads of state
3345:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3313:Muhammad Umran
3310:
3308:Hasan Turkmani
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3123:Hafez al-Assad
3120:
3115:
3113:Hussein Arnous
3110:
3104:
3102:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Fuad al-Rikabi
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2988:Saddam Hussein
2985:
2980:
2978:Sa'dun Hammadi
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2856:Fuad al-Rikabi
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2791:Hafez al-Assad
2788:
2783:
2781:Zaki al-Arsuzi
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2737:
2735:Hafez al-Assad
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2655:Akram al-Homsi
2652:
2647:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2625:
2620:
2618:Saddam Hussein
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2598:Fuad al-Rikabi
2594:
2592:
2585:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2567:
2557:
2555:Hafez al-Assad
2552:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2530:
2525:
2523:Saddam Hussein
2520:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2493:
2491:
2484:
2476:
2475:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2441:Iraqi conflict
2438:
2436:Faith Campaign
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2396:
2394:Ba'athist Iraq
2391:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2368:1964 Hama riot
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
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2340:
2335:
2330:
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2318:
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2303:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2262:
2261:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2234:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2211:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2188:
2180:
2179:
2173:978-0292706255
2172:
2148:
2117:
2091:
2084:
2055:
2036:
2010:
2003:
1970:
1963:
1936:
1929:
1902:
1895:
1871:
1865:978-1857432138
1864:
1858:. p. 52.
1840:
1833:
1809:
1784:
1778:978-0520069763
1777:
1757:Seale, Patrick
1739:
1733:978-0292706255
1732:
1701:
1695:978-1845111236
1694:
1665:
1658:
1629:
1601:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1472:
1471:Ahmed Beydoun
1469:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1450:
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1437:
1434:
1431:
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1079:
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1062:
1061:
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1055:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1044:Ahmed Choutri
1042:
1039:
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1023:
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1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
987:
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956:
950:
949:
946:
944:Zaki al-Arsuzi
941:
938:
935:
929:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
909:
906:
861:intellectuals
852:third-worldism
844:Arab socialism
820:Arab socialist
790:
789:
787:
786:
779:
772:
764:
761:
760:
758:
757:
750:
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739:
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723:
718:
716:Arab socialism
713:
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706:
704:Related topics
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331:
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321:
318:
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312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
283:
276:Baathist Syria
272:
267:
262:
257:
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247:
242:
237:
230:Ba'athist Iraq
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:
208:
206:
201:
195:
192:
191:
188:
187:
183:
182:
177:
172:
170:Saddam Hussein
167:
162:
160:Hafez al-Assad
157:
152:
150:Fuad al-Rikabi
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
125:Zaki al-Arsuzi
121:
120:
117:
116:
113:
112:
107:
106:
100:
94:
93:
90:
84:
83:
80:
74:
73:
70:
64:
63:
60:
52:
47:
46:
43:
42:
34:
33:
27:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4445:
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4431:
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4426:
4425:
4423:
4400:
4397:
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4377:
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4372:
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4365:
4364:
4362:
4358:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4336:Republicanism
4334:
4332:
4331:Progressivism
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:Miscellaneous
4281:
4277:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
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4138:
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3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3951:Rejectionists
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3921:
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3642:
3641:
3639:
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3630:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3609:
3605:
3593:* = incumbent
3590:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
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3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3503:Yusuf Zuayyin
3501:
3499:
3498:Amin al-Hafiz
3496:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3480:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
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3440:
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3422:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3391:Amin al-Hafiz
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3378:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3346:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3324:
3323:Yusuf Zuayyin
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3303:Mustafa Tlass
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
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3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:Sami al-Jundi
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3178:Amin al-Hafiz
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3168:Marwan Habash
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
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3149:
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3141:
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3101:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3084:
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3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3068:Khamis Sirhan
3066:
3064:
3061:
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3056:
3054:
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3009:
3006:
3004:
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2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:Qusay Hussein
2981:
2979:
2976:
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2859:
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2852:
2849:
2847:
2846:Zuheir Mohsen
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2831:Amin al-Hafiz
2829:
2827:
2824:
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2819:
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2752:
2741:
2738:
2736:
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2731:
2728:
2726:
2725:Amin al-Hafiz
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2699:
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2197:
2195:
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2186:
2175:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2152:
2144:
2140:
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2132:
2128:
2121:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2087:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2051:
2047:
2040:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2006:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1966:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1932:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1906:
1898:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1875:
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1836:
1834:9780312089979
1830:
1826:
1822:
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1813:
1797:
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1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:Fuad Dabbour
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
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1217:
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1199:
1196:
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1188:
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1158:
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1150:
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1138:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1082:
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1078:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1000:
996:
995:rival Baghdad
992:
988:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
972:
970:
966:
960:
957:
955:
952:
951:
947:
945:
942:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
913:
905:
903:
899:
894:
893:
887:
885:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
814:
809:
801:
797:
785:
780:
778:
773:
771:
766:
765:
763:
762:
755:
751:
748:
744:
743:
741:
740:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
708:
701:
700:
687:
685:
681:
674:
672:
668:
661:
659:
655:
651:
649:
645:
641:
639:
635:
630:
625:
624:
612:
609:
607:
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601:
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591:
588:
586:
583:
582:
580:
576:
570:
567:
565:
562:
561:
559:
555:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
538:
534:
528:
525:
523:
520:
519:
517:
513:
507:
504:
502:
499:
498:
496:
492:
486:
483:
482:
480:
476:
470:
467:
465:
462:
461:
459:
455:
449:
446:
445:
443:
439:
433:
430:
428:
425:
424:
422:
418:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
401:
397:
391:
388:
386:
383:
382:
380:
376:
370:
367:
365:
362:
361:
359:
355:
349:
346:
344:
341:
340:
338:
334:
329:
324:
323:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
287:
284:
282:
278:
277:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
250:Iran–Iraq War
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
232:
231:
227:
226:
220:
219:
211:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
196:
190:
189:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
122:
115:
114:
101:
99:
95:
91:
89:
85:
81:
79:
75:
71:
69:
65:
61:
59:
55:
50:
49:Organisations
45:
44:
40:
36:
35:
32:
29:
28:
24:
20:
19:
16:
4391:
4373:
4366:
4306:Anti-Zionism
3919:Armed groups
3863:Popular Army
3841:Paramilitary
3614:Organization
3413:
3148:Muhsen Bilal
2851:Munif Razzaz
2771:Michel Aflaq
2693:Isam al-Qadi
2650:Munif Razzaz
2562:
2518:Michel Aflaq
2502:Munif Razzaz
2497:Michel Aflaq
2307:Michel Aflaq
2269:Predecessors
2236:
2227:
2158:
2151:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2108:. Retrieved
2104:the original
2094:
2067:
2058:
2045:
2039:
2027:. Retrieved
2023:the original
2013:
1989:
1950:
1915:
1905:
1881:
1874:
1850:
1843:
1819:
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1760:
1715:
1677:
1668:
1641:
1620:. Retrieved
1613:
1604:
1592:. Retrieved
1588:the original
1332:Fayez Shukr
1205:Kamal Bolad
979:Ba'ath Party
965:Michel Aflaq
908:Major groups
890:
888:
863:Michel Aflaq
856:
839:
835:
831:
827:
795:
793:
288: /
274:
260:UN sanctions
228:
130:Michel Aflaq
78:Ba'ath Party
15:
4351:Vanguardism
4326:Pan-Arabism
3956:Snake Party
3742:South Yemen
3573:Imad Khamis
3318:Salim Yasin
3238:Imad Khamis
3213:Salah Jadid
3198:Hilal Hilal
3193:Salim Hatum
3158:Ahmad Diyab
3083:Tahir Yahya
2841:Salah Jadid
2821:Elias Farah
2698:Rakad Salem
2672:Assem Qanso
2276:Arab Ba'ath
2110:25 November
2029:25 November
1802:25 November
1682:I.B. Tauris
1648:. pp.
1622:25 November
1594:25 November
1452:Founder(s)
1337:Mauritania
1148:Mauritania
933:Arab Ba'ath
924:Founder(s)
892:coup d'état
889:In 1966, a
816:nationalist
726:Pan-Arabism
688:2002–
675:1970–
662:1966–
155:Salah Jadid
102:1966–
58:Arab Ba'ath
4422:Categories
4360:Literature
4346:Secularism
4234:in Lebanon
3787:Newspapers
3732:Mauritania
3686:Mauritania
3553:Adel Safar
2953:Tariq Aziz
2563:(de facto)
2473:Leadership
2382:Post-split
2074:. p.
1767:. p.
1722:. p.
1684:. p.
1566:References
1449:Dissolved
1353:Palestine
1249:1955–1956
1164:Palestine
1091:1948/1951
921:Dissolved
824:Arab world
494:Mauritania
193:Literature
4385:Symbolism
4341:Saddamism
4321:Ba'athism
3804:Al-Thawra
3794:Al-Ba'ath
3737:Palestine
3691:Palestine
3414:(interim)
2686:Palestine
2490:Pre-split
2411:Arab Belt
2321:Pre-split
1955:Dartmouth
1921:Routledge
1478:in 1970.
1357:As-Sa'iqa
731:Saddamism
721:Nasserism
611:pro-Syria
590:pro-Syria
569:pro-Syria
548:pro-Syria
527:pro-Syria
515:Palestine
506:pro-Syria
469:pro-Syria
432:pro-Syria
411:pro-Syria
390:pro-Syria
369:pro-Syria
348:pro-Syria
31:Ba'athism
4294:Ideology
4097:Ahd Bloc
2300:Founders
2066:(2004).
1995:ABC-CLIO
1913:(2003).
1759:(1990).
1676:(2006).
1491:1962/63
1446:Founded
1403:Tunisia
1321:Lebanon
1275:Bahrain
1267:Founded
1210:Tunisia
1115:Lebanon
1049:Bahrain
1033:Algeria
1025:Founded
918:Founded
606:pro-Iraq
585:pro-Iraq
564:pro-Iraq
543:pro-Iraq
522:pro-Iraq
501:pro-Iraq
485:pro-Iraq
464:pro-Iraq
448:pro-Iraq
427:pro-Iraq
406:pro-Iraq
385:pro-Iraq
364:pro-Iraq
343:pro-Iraq
265:Iraq War
255:Gulf War
23:a series
21:Part of
4222:Unified
4217:Bakdash
4044:Current
4008:Al-Awda
3762:History
3727:Lebanon
3701:Tunisia
3676:Lebanon
3649:Bahrain
3644:Algeria
2759:of the
2756:Members
2665:Lebanon
2404:Members
2257:History
2143:4324510
1650:106–107
1615:Alwasat
1305:Jordan
1270:Leader
1264:Region
1099:Kuwait
1083:Jordan
1028:Leader
1022:Region
848:Marxism
836:reddyah
690:present
677:present
664:present
578:Tunisia
457:Lebanon
357:Bahrain
336:Algeria
223:History
104:present
4090:Former
3722:Jordan
3671:Jordan
2638:Jordan
2170:
2141:
2082:
2001:
1961:
1927:
1893:
1862:
1831:
1775:
1730:
1692:
1656:
1455:Notes
1443:Party
1418:Yemen
1385:Syria
1369:Sudan
1241:Yemen
1226:Syria
1194:Sudan
1133:Libya
927:Notes
915:Party
859:Syrian
800:Arabic
441:Kuwait
420:Jordan
118:People
4192:Sawab
3872:Youth
3834:Wings
3774:Yemen
3752:Syria
3747:Sudan
3706:Yemen
3696:Sudan
3681:Libya
3654:Egypt
3484:Syria
3382:Syria
3332:Yemen
3099:Syria
2708:Syria
2139:JSTOR
2133:(4).
1646:Verso
1550:2002
1527:1980
1508:1966
1488:1960
1468:1970
1465:1965
1426:1951
1393:1943
1377:1980
1361:1966
1345:1994
1329:1949
1313:1993
1297:1966
1289:Iraq
1234:1947
1218:1988
1202:1970
1186:1994
1172:1969
1156:1991
1141:1954
1123:1966
1107:1955
1073:1951
1065:Iraq
1057:1991
1041:1988
986:1966
983:1947
961:1947
958:1940
940:1947
937:1940
879:Syria
877:. In
871:Syria
832:Baath
828:Ba'th
599:Yemen
557:Syria
536:Sudan
478:Libya
378:Egypt
3659:Iraq
3444:Iraq
3357:Iraq
2894:Iraq
2591:Iraq
2168:ISBN
2112:2011
2080:ISBN
2031:2011
1999:ISBN
1959:ISBN
1925:ISBN
1891:ISBN
1860:ISBN
1829:ISBN
1804:2011
1773:ISBN
1728:ISBN
1690:ISBN
1654:ISBN
1624:2011
1596:2011
997:and
967:and
898:Iran
875:Iraq
873:and
865:and
818:and
813:Arab
794:The
399:Iraq
286:1963
2076:283
1724:136
1686:109
854:'.
830:or
4424::
2162:.
2131:23
2129:.
2078:.
2070:.
2050:49
1973:^
1953:.
1939:^
1919:.
1885:.
1854:.
1823:.
1787:^
1771:.
1769:98
1763:.
1742:^
1726:.
1718:.
1704:^
1688:.
1680:.
1652:.
1644:.
1632:^
1574:^
1553:–
1530:–
1511:–
1001:.
904:.
802::
25:on
3580:*
3423:*
2742:*
2700:*
2657:*
2630:*
2572:*
2535:*
2207:e
2200:t
2193:v
2176:.
2145:.
2114:.
2088:.
2052:.
2033:.
2007:.
1967:.
1933:.
1899:.
1868:.
1837:.
1806:.
1781:.
1736:.
1698:.
1662:.
1626:.
1598:.
798:(
783:e
776:t
769:v
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