1689:—would announce a commensurate increase in production. However, the U.S. position was an extreme outlier relative to international opinion and none of the U.S.'s traditional allies, including the U.K., were willing to countenance such measures. To the contrary, OPEC took decisive steps to ensure the success of Iraq's nationalization. The IPC consortium broke down and signed an agreement to resolve its outstanding disputes with Iraq on 1 March 1973, leading to celebrations in Baghdad. Wolfe-Hunnicutt observes: "Within a decade, all Middle Eastern producers followed Iraq's lead in seizing control of their oil resource from the major multi-nationals."
1517:." By late November, the U.S. embassy in Beirut reported that Iraq had released many leftist and communist dissidents, although "there no indication ... been given any major role in the regime." As the previous government had recently signed a major oil deal with the Soviets, the Ba'ath Party's rapid attempts to improve relations with Moscow were not a shock to U.S. policymakers, but they "provided a glimpse at a strategic alliance that would soon emerge." Behind the scenes, Tikriti (now Iraqi minister of defence) attempted to open a discreet line of communication with the U.S. government through a representative of the American oil company
8159:
8099:
8092:
8042:
8035:
7970:
265:
255:
220:
209:
172:
131:
1578:, worked and was skillfully deployed the second time around." Makiya recounts how the Ba'athist purge quickly expanded far beyond Iraq's marginalized Jewish community: "In 1969 alone, official executions of convicted spies (or announcements of such executions) took place at least on the following days: February 20, April 14, April 30, May 15, August 21, August 25, September 8, and November 26. The victims now were Muslim or Christian Iraqis with the occasional Jew thrown in for good measure." In total, an estimated 150 people were publicly executed in
1477:
After his ouster, Arif was exiled to the U.K., and even Yahya was not executed (although he endured brutal torture in prison), possibly to avoid the negative international attention that had resulted from the bloodletting that accompanied other changes of government in Iraq's contemporaneous history. In the ensuing years, Wolfe-Hunnicutt states that Saddam "succeeded in consolidating a formidable political regime ... where so many others had failed," including co-opting Yahya's intention to nationalize the IPC with the help of the Soviet Union.
5433:
335:
7945:
145:
287:
276:
243:
232:
161:
7920:
9061:
5630:
8166:
1417:(INOC) in February 1964. As described by Brandon Wolfe-Hunnicutt, Yahya's Law 11 "invested with the power to exploit the Law 80 territories, either on its own or in association with other international companies—so long as INOC held a majority interest in any joint venture agreement." During his second term as prime minister from July 1967 to July 1968, Yahya moved to revitalize the INOC and sought to work with
53:
1347:(CIA) produced a report titled "The Stagnant Revolution," stating that radicals in the Iraqi military posed a threat to the Arif government, and while "the balance of forces is such that no group feels power enough to take decisive steps," the ensuing gridlock had created "a situation in which many important political and economic matters are simply ignored." In June 1968,
1468:(which became the major American source for intelligence on Iraq after the U.S. embassy in Baghdad was closed) speculated that Naif and Dawud—who were, respectively, in charge of President Arif's military intelligence and personal security—initiated the plot, and that Ba'athist conspirators including al-Bakr,
1391:
explained the strategy: "The Shah believed that his
Israeli connection would provide a deterrent to Arab regimes because it would create the impression that if an Arab state were to attack Iran, Israel would take advantage of this pretext to strike Iraq's western flank." While Nasserist elements had
1301:
prior to assuming the presidency and making a number of friendly gestures to the U.S. between April 1966 and
January 1967, Western analysts regarded Arif as an Iraqi moderate. At Arif's request, President Johnson met five Iraqi generals and Iraqi ambassador Nasir Hani in the White House on 25 January
1535:
in Syria did not welcome—or initially even acknowledge—the formation of a government by the rival Ba'ath Party in neighboring Iraq. In a press release, the
Syrians mentioned that al-Bakr had been appointed president, but did not mention his party's affiliation, instead referring to the incident as a
1476:
were only asked to participate in order to establish a broader coalition of support for a new government. However, Wolfe-Hunnicutt states: "Though executed by Nayef, the coup was organised by Bakr and his deputy Saddam
Hussein." Both the Naif and Bakr factions were motivated by opposition to Yahya.
1408:
took power was defined by the magnitude of the Arab defeat by Israel in June 1967. Political life was traumatized. ... All officer-led regimes discredited." Like his brother, Arif previously tried to balance radical and moderate elements in Iraq and turned against the
Nasserists after the
1573:
cautioning: "The hanging of fourteen people in the public square is certainly not a heart-warming sight, nor is it the occasion for organizing a spectacle." Makiya credits the hangings with helping the Ba'athist government consolidate control of Iraq, stating: "The terror that, from a Ba'thist
1589:
The plans, concepts, views, internal forces, and reserves we used up to the 1st of March 1973, the day on which the monopolistic companies knelt down and recognized our nationalization, are no longer enough to confront imperialism with its newly conceived and developed plans. ... Thus we
1400:(itself Razzaq's second attempt to wrest power from the regime), the Six-Day War compounded existing dissatisfaction within the Iraqi military and, combined with the stand-off with the Kurds, "had a profound impact on Iraq's political stability," in the words of Bryan R. Gibson. Similarly,
1355:
to Iraqi officials, offering to resume normal relations if Iraq agreed to provide compensation for damage to the U.S. embassy and consulate incurred during an earlier protest and met other conditions, including an end to the Iraqi boycott of U.S. goods and services imposed after
1491:—increasing the area of sensual contact between mutilated body and mass—vary from 150,000 to 500,000. Peasants streamed in from the surrounding countryside to hear the speeches. The proceedings, along with the bodies, continued for twenty-four hours, during which the President,
1677:. The U.S. pursued a similarly reactionary policy towards Iraq's nationalization, believing that its Western allies would agree to embargo Iraqi oil to ensure that the nationalization failed and that its allies in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (
1558:
of agents of Israel and the U.S. was striking from behind," and, on 14 December, the Iraqi government alleged it had discovered "an
Israeli spy network" plotting to "bring about a change in the Iraqi regime," arresting dozens of individuals and eventually
1426:
in
October–November 1967 and the INOC commenced drilling in North Rumaila in May 1968, bringing Iraq to the brink of nationalization. Additionally, Law 97 "permanently barred the IPC from operating in North Rumaila," per Wolfe-Hunnicutt.
1452:
as prime minister—seized power in a bloodless coup, placing Arif on a plane to London. al-Bakr quickly ordered Naif and Dawud to be removed from their posts and exiled on 30 July, cementing the Ba'ath Party's control over Iraq until the
1444:. The Ba'ath Party had previously organized a major demonstration against Arif in September 1967. On 17 July 1968 the Iraqi Ba'ath Party—led by al-Bakr as president, in collaboration with the non-Ba'athists Abd ar-Rahman al-Dawud as
1421:
and the Soviet Union to develop the technical capacity to nationalize the IPC outright, pledging to use Iraq's "oil as a weapon in the battle against Israel." Yahya's government concluded deals with the French to develop fields near
1340:, and President Johnson himself. The political atmosphere engendered by the costly Arab defeat prompted Iraq to break relations with the U.S. on 7 June, and ultimately ensured the collapse of Arif's relatively moderate government.
1180:." Full nationalization of the IPC did not occur until 1972, under the Ba'athist administration. In the aftermath of the coup, the new Iraqi government consolidated power by denouncing alleged American and Israeli machinations,
7226:
5863:
1310:, the NSC even contemplated welcoming Arif on a state visit to the U.S., although this proposal was ultimately rejected due to concerns about the stability of his government. Prior to the outbreak of the
7216:
7123:
6557:
6352:
1413:
to the position of prime minister. Yahya had announced his intention to create a national oil company during his first premiership in late 1963, laying the groundwork for the founding of the
8066:
1440:
Planning for a coup against Arif and Yahya was underway at least from March 1968, when the topic was discussed at an "officer's convention" held at the home of prominent Ba'athist general
3834:
7221:
1665:
with setting the precedent that other oil-producing states would subsequently follow, Iraq's nationalization of the IPC was the largest such expropriation attempted since Iran's
6214:
5169:
1379:—had sought to destabilize Iraq by supporting Kurdish rebels, which the U.S. refrained from doing at the time as the Kurdish war was considered unimportant to the broader
5359:
7365:
7206:
7165:
901:
843:
1513:
On 2 August 1968, Iraqi
Foreign Minister Abdul Karim Sheikhli stated that Iraq would seek close ties "with the socialist camp, particularly the Soviet Union and the
1623:
shares of the consortium followed in 1973.) This followed the April 1972 signing of the 15-year Iraqi–Soviet Treaty of
Friendship and Co-Operation by al-Bakr and
5393:
4020:
1278:
rebels following a decisive
Kurdish victory at the Battle of Mount Handren in May 1966. (Under Qasim, Law 80 did not impact the IPC's ongoing production at
7155:
3451:
838:
1409:
Razzaq plot was exposed, but this balancing act was upended by the war as Arif moved to placate the ascendant Iraqi nationalists, notably by reappointing
9115:
7186:
5885:
1634:, the Iraqi–Soviet Treaty upset "the U.S.-sponsored security system established as part of the Cold War in the Middle East," leading the U.S. to finance
764:
2417:
Memorandum From John W. Foster of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant (Rostow): A Clearer Picture of the Iraqi Coup
8820:
7400:
3499:
1274:'s brief tenure as prime minister (which straddled the presidencies of both Arif brothers); Bazzaz attempted to implement a peace agreement with Iraqi
1215:
that brought the Iraqi Ba'ath Party to power for the first time as part of a short-lived coalition government that held power for less than one year.
8200:
7233:
7211:
7113:
1532:
906:
864:
680:
7118:
5154:
4681:
3431:
1590:
prepared additional forces for which imperialism had not allowed in its plans. We can assure our patriotic brothers ... they will not make an
1405:
1295:
1141:
701:
165:
2998:
5812:
5240:
2749:
2558:
1543:
in 1970, this did not lead to improved relations; to the contrary, the Syrians denounced the Iraqi branch of the party as a "rightist clique".
1327:
1077:
885:
664:
643:
8850:
8297:
7576:
1650:, Gibson states that the CIA "provided the Kurds with nearly $ 20 million in assistance," including 1,250 tons of non-attributable weaponry.
1536:
military coup. The Iraqis were more conciliatory, with al-Bakr stating "They are Ba'athists, we are Ba'athists" shortly after the coup. When
685:
595:
743:
706:
7457:
7072:
5420:
5230:
1457:. al-Bakr was then named prime minister and commander-in-chief of the army. According to a semi-official biography, future Iraqi president
933:
859:
5204:
4091:
1666:
8805:
8233:
7899:
7711:
7693:
5697:
5194:
1360:'s 1967 victory; although U.S. officials were hoping to prevent a coup, there is no indication of any Iraqi response to this overture.
393:
8800:
7472:
7450:
7430:
7103:
5688:
5665:
5283:
1303:
1145:
966:
638:
383:
160:
8930:
8860:
8825:
8123:
7420:
7201:
7130:
5321:
5235:
3268:
2413:
Memorandum From John W. Foster of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant (Rostow): The Iraqi Coup
722:
8790:
7914:
7561:
7540:
7390:
7086:
6220:
4671:
3315:
1270:
cabinet members and widespread disapproval among the Iraqi public forced him to abandon this plan, as well as pro-Western lawyer
623:
8302:
5164:
3436:
924:
7140:
7135:
5388:
5159:
3094:
2781:
2759:
2165:
1712:
1563:
on fabricated espionage charges in January 1969. The executions led to international criticism, with U.S. Secretary of State
1521:, but this overture was rebuffed by the Johnson administration as it had come to perceive the Ba'ath Party, in both Iraq and
1318:
met with a number of U.S. officials to discuss the escalating Middle East crisis on 1 June, including U.S. ambassador to the
780:
759:
8428:
8061:
5822:
4182:
1184:
on fabricated espionage charges amidst a broader purge, and working to expand Iraq's traditionally close relations with the
535:
344:
9135:
8468:
7591:
7530:
5858:
5498:
4001:
3926:
3586:
3186:
8138:
8071:
1615:, Iraq announced Law 69: The nationalization of the Anglo-American shares of the IPC and their transfer to the INOC. (The
1397:
8840:
8785:
8118:
7661:
7626:
7191:
5199:
3606:
2739:
801:
2848:
2776:
8780:
7616:
7571:
7317:
7284:
5288:
4641:
3736:
2714:
2599:
2553:
2548:
2494:
1148:
to power. Ba'athists involved in the coup as well as the subsequent purge of the moderate faction led by Naif included
1070:
9140:
9130:
9125:
8922:
8845:
7979:
7929:
7535:
7279:
6932:
6362:
5383:
4373:
3936:
3206:
3147:
2420:
2380:
2336:
2212:
2121:
2035:
1784:
1735:
1352:
1302:
1967, reiterating his "desire to build an ever closer relationship between two governments." According to Johnson's
2944:
1286:, but all other territories were returned to Iraqi state control. The July 1965 draft agreement between the IPC and
9085:
8710:
8702:
8366:
7994:
7681:
7676:
7666:
7467:
7440:
7181:
6942:
4076:
4071:
3566:
3529:
3258:
2704:
1334:
953:
727:
22:
3754:
3616:
3300:
334:
9105:
7688:
7108:
6902:
6512:
5405:
4796:
4177:
4106:
4006:
3884:
3656:
3646:
3233:
2620:
659:
85:
8448:
3571:
3458:
3446:
9150:
8870:
8632:
8226:
8029:
7892:
7510:
5880:
5715:
4227:
3996:
3576:
3478:
3211:
2655:
2650:
2324:
2200:
2109:
2023:
1208:
135:
3896:
3626:
3137:
2909:
1674:
1603:
7721:
7631:
7586:
6507:
5750:
5658:
5174:
4189:
4142:
3906:
3829:
3561:
1063:
576:
8438:
8418:
8398:
5832:
5807:
5787:
3621:
3330:
3253:
2924:
1662:
1529:
585:
581:
29:
9145:
8815:
8775:
8765:
8314:
8195:
8190:
8185:
8108:
7515:
6472:
6422:
5314:
4207:
4167:
4137:
4086:
3946:
3864:
3860:
3731:
3661:
3426:
3243:
3009:
2904:
2836:
1643:
600:
8331:
8004:
7999:
1487:
Estimates on the size of the crowds that came to view the dangling corpses spread seventy meters apart in
9095:
8940:
8770:
8760:
7656:
7621:
7581:
7462:
7160:
6840:
5875:
5415:
5179:
4651:
4646:
4363:
4041:
3769:
3514:
3473:
3417:
3320:
3201:
3159:
3064:
2589:
2543:
2466:
1624:
1540:
1344:
880:
605:
590:
149:
9090:
9100:
8911:
8904:
8835:
8514:
8276:
8143:
8113:
7834:
7827:
7646:
7566:
6815:
6796:
5890:
5441:
5349:
5016:
4237:
4222:
4212:
4066:
3666:
3154:
2957:
2724:
2372:
1639:
1579:
1488:
1445:
1224:
1127:
499:
494:
9064:
8865:
8755:
8652:
8341:
8319:
8219:
7885:
7716:
7525:
7338:
5531:
5527:
5400:
5245:
5121:
5066:
4886:
3874:
3581:
3142:
2754:
2671:
2445:
1670:
1414:
5432:
2441:
2416:
2412:
1191:
The Ba'ath Party ruled from the 17 July Revolution until 2003, when it was removed from power by an
8373:
7636:
7487:
6602:
6537:
6387:
6087:
5651:
4871:
4438:
3701:
3591:
3345:
2889:
2457:
2425:
979:
4611:
9026:
8945:
8730:
8133:
7641:
7445:
7145:
7022:
6712:
6397:
6367:
5745:
5740:
5633:
5410:
5307:
4101:
4046:
4031:
3971:
3779:
3759:
3519:
3196:
2801:
1776:
1271:
796:
571:
363:
3004:
1849:
8453:
7671:
7477:
7007:
6987:
6977:
6927:
6732:
6707:
6642:
6547:
6482:
6427:
6382:
6082:
5987:
4891:
4395:
3789:
3463:
2939:
2699:
2694:
2487:
1647:
1599:
1287:
1259:
1248:
1173:
1134:
1104:
555:
475:
9120:
5101:
1495:, and a host of other luminaries gave speeches and orchestrated the carnival-like atmosphere.
9110:
9011:
8745:
8740:
8617:
8597:
8408:
8378:
7263:
7150:
7002:
6952:
6727:
6522:
6502:
6325:
6275:
6136:
6067:
5905:
5771:
5615:
5126:
4410:
4405:
4172:
4061:
4016:
3976:
3911:
3855:
3774:
3556:
3370:
3248:
3166:
3074:
3039:
2949:
2894:
2791:
2632:
2204:
2113:
2027:
1560:
1505:
1449:
1364:
1263:
1192:
1181:
1123:
817:
565:
430:
318:
269:
2328:
9046:
9016:
8976:
8971:
8875:
8750:
8587:
8128:
7984:
6912:
6825:
6677:
6622:
6492:
6417:
6270:
6072:
5457:
5450:
5376:
4666:
4433:
4288:
4242:
4157:
4152:
3951:
3850:
3799:
3794:
3686:
3641:
3596:
3534:
3365:
3340:
3290:
3218:
3132:
2982:
2584:
2563:
1492:
1441:
1119:
460:
236:
1195:
led by American and British forces. The 17 July Revolution is not to be confused with the
8:
9036:
8393:
8326:
8175:
8051:
8014:
8009:
7322:
7027:
6870:
6737:
6692:
6662:
6647:
6487:
6477:
6467:
6452:
5797:
5111:
5026:
5021:
4921:
4784:
4581:
4465:
4380:
4268:
4121:
4116:
4096:
4081:
3991:
3986:
3891:
3824:
3814:
3726:
3721:
3711:
3611:
3551:
3524:
3350:
3335:
3305:
3283:
3069:
3059:
2786:
2709:
2679:
2663:
2364:
1631:
1620:
1307:
3966:
3879:
1247:
administration favorably perceived Salam Arif's willingness to partially reverse ousted
9041:
9021:
8981:
8897:
8880:
8855:
8662:
8473:
8463:
8413:
8388:
8056:
8019:
7651:
7596:
7307:
6992:
6967:
6855:
6687:
6592:
6402:
6372:
6255:
6189:
6009:
5802:
5792:
5643:
5594:
5508:
5265:
5061:
5046:
4971:
4951:
4946:
4931:
4778:
4526:
4278:
4162:
3916:
3819:
3804:
3716:
3706:
3681:
3676:
3395:
3310:
3295:
3238:
3054:
2977:
2853:
2744:
2734:
2437:
1873:
1704:
1575:
1473:
1393:
1266:
in July 1965 (American firms owned 23.75% of the IPC), although the resignation of six
1251:
1240:
1212:
1196:
1153:
530:
176:
8657:
4961:
4790:
9001:
8692:
8627:
8542:
8522:
8086:
7482:
7017:
6982:
6922:
6752:
6567:
6532:
6462:
6457:
6437:
6392:
6235:
6019:
5853:
5547:
5541:
5493:
5354:
5278:
5131:
5076:
5051:
5006:
4936:
4911:
4876:
4866:
4835:
4722:
4606:
4576:
4313:
4303:
4217:
4111:
3956:
3671:
3468:
3325:
3278:
3176:
3127:
3101:
3079:
2919:
2899:
2843:
2831:
2645:
2480:
2376:
2332:
2317:
2208:
2193:
2161:
2117:
2102:
2031:
2016:
1877:
1780:
1731:
1708:
1612:
1564:
1469:
1291:
1244:
1228:
1200:
1161:
1149:
1130:
943:
545:
525:
291:
280:
213:
109:
99:
61:
5255:
4926:
2442:
Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency: Some Notes on Iraqi Politics
8935:
8642:
8607:
8577:
8572:
8547:
8356:
8242:
8180:
7770:
7760:
7520:
6997:
6747:
6742:
6632:
6612:
6597:
6407:
6377:
6295:
6265:
6260:
6179:
5992:
5910:
5817:
5577:
5464:
5041:
4966:
4896:
4881:
4861:
4808:
4591:
4586:
4566:
4516:
4506:
4333:
4298:
4283:
4232:
3961:
3901:
3741:
3400:
3380:
3089:
3031:
3025:
2992:
2972:
2962:
2811:
2612:
2604:
1865:
1591:
1554:, which led to a strong response by the Israeli Air Force. al-Bakr claimed that a "
1330:
1298:
1232:
1049:
1006:
610:
1869:
8986:
8955:
8950:
8795:
8735:
8682:
8612:
8592:
8567:
8557:
8458:
8336:
7989:
7964:
7858:
7395:
7385:
7312:
7258:
6880:
6860:
6757:
6722:
6717:
6702:
6667:
6587:
6577:
6517:
6432:
6335:
6330:
6320:
6285:
6245:
6199:
6174:
6104:
6062:
6029:
5674:
5601:
5260:
5116:
5106:
5091:
5071:
5056:
5031:
4976:
4741:
4709:
4601:
4561:
4323:
4318:
4258:
4199:
3931:
3809:
3636:
3601:
3509:
3504:
3228:
3122:
2796:
2729:
2719:
2684:
2640:
2627:
2579:
1654:
1635:
1323:
1279:
1095:
1042:
470:
440:
435:
373:
192:
3223:
2076:"The End of the Concessionary Regime: Oil and American Power in Iraq, 1958–1972"
1550:"made international headlines" when they began shelling Israeli settlers in the
8991:
8830:
8725:
8720:
8687:
8677:
8667:
8637:
8562:
8552:
8433:
8361:
8256:
7939:
7919:
7852:
7775:
7405:
7037:
6972:
6917:
6865:
6830:
6772:
6767:
6582:
6572:
6497:
6447:
6315:
6250:
6240:
6194:
6114:
6077:
6057:
6014:
5982:
5900:
5895:
5827:
5735:
5567:
5523:
5471:
5366:
5330:
5086:
5011:
5001:
4996:
4856:
4596:
4385:
4308:
4036:
3941:
3691:
3631:
3263:
3181:
3084:
3044:
3014:
2914:
2869:
1627:
1595:
1537:
1458:
1319:
1315:
1290:
Abdul Aziz al-Wattari would have allowed the IPC to regain majority control of
1255:
1157:
1011:
505:
465:
455:
445:
420:
353:
247:
57:
9079:
8996:
8622:
8602:
8537:
8489:
8403:
7877:
7795:
7790:
7410:
6962:
6957:
6850:
6782:
6762:
6682:
6637:
6627:
6527:
6442:
6305:
6290:
6184:
5557:
5537:
5250:
5096:
4991:
4956:
4941:
4901:
4443:
4273:
4011:
3921:
3784:
3764:
3651:
3412:
3390:
3355:
2934:
2929:
2884:
2806:
2766:
2515:
1616:
1551:
1236:
44:
2436:
For contrasting British and American assessments of the new government, see
1461:
personally led Naif at gunpoint to the plane that escorted him out of Iraq.
9031:
8672:
8532:
8527:
8383:
8309:
8261:
7954:
7780:
7765:
7253:
7196:
6607:
6310:
6230:
6152:
6109:
5977:
5961:
5956:
5766:
5571:
5563:
5553:
5036:
4986:
4916:
4906:
4760:
4748:
4735:
4541:
4368:
3869:
3117:
2967:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2522:
2312:
2188:
2149:
2097:
2011:
1682:
1646:. From October 1972 until the abrupt end of the Kurdish intervention after
1555:
1501:
1464:
Many details of the coup remain unclear to historians. The U.S. embassy in
1401:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1283:
1185:
822:
425:
326:
2078:. pp. 2, 21–22, 146–147, 149–154, 182, 187, 194–196, 200–202, 209–262
8647:
8504:
8351:
8346:
8292:
8271:
7810:
7785:
7415:
7032:
6777:
6697:
6672:
6657:
6652:
6617:
6542:
6300:
6280:
6157:
6131:
5477:
5081:
4686:
4656:
4511:
4501:
4400:
4263:
4056:
3545:
3375:
3360:
3171:
3019:
2987:
2874:
2689:
2594:
2533:
2157:
1727:
1410:
1388:
1311:
1169:
1137:
1021:
450:
224:
103:
2389:
2075:
8582:
8499:
8494:
8423:
7805:
7012:
6412:
5608:
4840:
4551:
4521:
4475:
4390:
4358:
4350:
4293:
3981:
3696:
3385:
3273:
2879:
1204:
187:
182:
3494:
2044:
1850:"Oil Sovereignty, American Foreign Policy, and the 1968 Coups in Iraq"
8266:
7800:
5870:
5136:
4981:
4830:
4803:
4616:
4571:
4480:
4448:
4428:
4420:
3749:
3539:
1968:
1861:
1337:
1267:
1165:
1026:
1016:
1773:
Missions Accomplished?: The United States and Iraq Since World War I
1567:
calling them "repugnant to the conscience of the world" and Egypt's
1176:(IPC) in order to use Iraq's "oil as a weapon in the battle against
1172:
to push Arif's moderate government to nationalize the Western-owned
9006:
8715:
8211:
7556:
5371:
4715:
4556:
4453:
4328:
4147:
4051:
3191:
3049:
2503:
1752:
1569:
1454:
1380:
560:
550:
3835:
Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
1653:
While most studies credit the nationalization measures pursued by
1371:, Israel, and the U.K.—motivated largely by the desire to contain
1239:(U.S.) and Iraq developed closer ties than at any point since the
5299:
4661:
4546:
4536:
4485:
4026:
2771:
1724:
Ba'th versus Ba'th: The Conflict between Syria and Iraq 1968–1989
1348:
52:
4729:
4531:
4470:
3405:
1686:
1611:
On 1 June 1972, under the direction of Saddam and oil minister
1547:
1465:
1423:
1418:
1357:
1177:
2319:
Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq, Updated Edition
2195:
Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq, Updated Edition
2104:
Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq, Updated Edition
2018:
Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq, Updated Edition
1932:
1701:
Sold Out? US Foreign Policy, Iraq, the Kurds, and the Cold War
1164:. The coup was primarily directed against Yahya, an outspoken
8810:
5214:
5170:
American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation
4676:
4459:
2538:
1992:
1658:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1372:
1275:
1168:
who exploited the political crisis created by the June 1967
8165:
8158:
8153:
8098:
8091:
8041:
8034:
7969:
7944:
4754:
4636:
2528:
2472:
2465:
briefly discusses the completely false claim that the U.S.
1678:
1115:
264:
254:
219:
208:
171:
130:
2281:
2221:
1956:
5209:
5189:
5184:
2345:
2130:
5673:
1896:
2458:"U.S. Foreign Policy, Iraq, and the Cold War 1958–1975"
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
1843:
1798:
1796:
1231:, who assumed power following the death of his brother
1884:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1808:
2293:
2269:
1944:
2257:
2245:
2233:
2056:
1980:
1920:
1793:
1109:
2469:(CIA) supported the coup in a footnote on page 169.
1908:
1820:
1561:
publicly executing 14 people including 9 Iraqi Jews
1525:, as too closely associated with the Soviet Union.
1182:
publicly executing 14 people including 9 Iraqi Jews
8821:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
7401:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
2316:
2192:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2101:
2015:
8201:2020 Kurdish protests in Sulaymaniyah Governorate
9077:
5886:Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq
5155:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States
3592:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972
2999:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences
2174:
2073:
1847:
7907:
5813:National Council for the Revolutionary Command
1574:viewpoint, was premature and badly handled in
1328:Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
8851:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
8298:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
8227:
7893:
7577:National Alliance for the Liberation of Syria
5659:
5315:
2488:
1071:
7364:
5231:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
2782:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council
4092:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
2148:
1392:attempted to overthrow Arif as far back as
8234:
8220:
7900:
7886:
5666:
5652:
5322:
5308:
5195:United States involvement in regime change
2750:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
2495:
2481:
1404:writes that "The conjuncture around which
1351:officials relayed a message from the U.S.
1078:
1064:
51:
7458:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
1126:, and Abd ar-Rahman al-Dawud that ousted
934:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
60:, the main coup organizer ascends to the
8931:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic
8861:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
8826:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine)
7421:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
1294:.) Having established a friendship with
8806:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
8791:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
7562:Front of Patriotic and National Parties
7541:Palestinian National and Islamic Forces
7391:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
3321:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia)
2433:) for early U.S. reactions to the coup.
2074:Wolfe-Hunnicutt, Brandon (March 2011).
9078:
8801:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
7473:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
5165:Russian espionage in the United States
3437:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
2455:
2426:Foreign Relations of the United States
2395:
2351:
2311:
2299:
2287:
2275:
2263:
2251:
2239:
2227:
2187:
2136:
2096:
2050:
2010:
1998:
1986:
1974:
1962:
1950:
1938:
1926:
1914:
1902:
1890:
1814:
1802:
1758:
1721:
1698:
967:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
8215:
7881:
7742:
7363:
7070:
5931:
5713:
5647:
5303:
5160:Soviet espionage in the United States
3316:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966
3095:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution
2760:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
2476:
2363:
2154:Saddam Hussein: A Political Biography
9116:1960s coups d'état and coup attempts
8241:
8124:1983–1986 Kurdish rebellions in Iraq
7592:Palestinian National Salvation Front
5236:Soviet Union–United States relations
3587:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China
1770:
8841:National Liberation Front (Algeria)
7662:Socialist Democratic Unionist Party
7627:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
5200:Soviet involvement in regime change
1546:In December, Iraqi troops based in
1099:
13:
8781:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria)
8303:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
7712:General Federation of Trade Unions
7572:Lebanese National Resistance Front
7285:National Progressive Front (Syria)
5329:
5241:Soviet Union–United States summits
2715:1947 Polish parliamentary election
2600:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
2398:, pp. 140, 144–145, 148, 181.
506:The Genius of Arabic in Its Tongue
14:
9162:
8846:Palestine Liberation Organization
7743:
7536:Palestine Liberation Organization
7280:National Progressive Front (Iraq)
6933:Ahmad Husayn Khudayir as-Samarrai
6363:Humam Abd al-Khaliq Abd al-Ghafur
5519:Mother: Subha Tulfah al-Mussallat
5389:Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory
4002:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
3937:United States invasion of Grenada
3207:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
3148:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania
2421:United States Department of State
2405:
2369:A History of Iraq, Second Edition
1848:Wolfe-Hunnicutt, Brandon (2017).
28:For the coup in Afghanistan, see
9060:
9059:
8786:Arabian Peninsula People's Union
8469:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
8164:
8157:
8097:
8090:
8040:
8033:
7968:
7943:
7918:
7441:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
7071:
6345:Members of the Regional Commands
5629:
5628:
5431:
4077:United States invasion of Panama
3927:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War
3567:1971 Turkish military memorandum
3530:Communist insurgency in Thailand
3500:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
3432:Communist insurgency in Malaysia
3259:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
3187:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
2705:Restatement of Policy on Germany
2053:, pp. 94, 97, 105, 110–111.
1673:(AIOC), which the U.S. and U.K.
1602:nationalization in light of the
954:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
333:
285:
274:
263:
253:
241:
230:
218:
207:
170:
159:
143:
129:
23:July Revolution (disambiguation)
8429:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
8119:1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq
8062:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
7689:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
5823:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
4797:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
4178:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
4107:Fall of the inner German border
4007:1988 Black Sea bumping incident
3657:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
3647:Spanish transition to democracy
3607:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency
3234:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
2740:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948
2621:Occupation of the Baltic states
2456:Gibson, Bryan R. (April 2013).
2357:
2305:
2142:
2090:
2004:
1977:, pp. 84–94, 101–102, 110.
1692:
1455:U.S.-led invasion in March 2003
1199:, a coup on 14 July 1958, when
8871:Union of Arab Republics (1972)
8633:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz
8139:1996 Iraqi coup d'état attempt
8072:1966 Iraqi coup d'état attempt
8067:1965 Iraqi coup d'état attempt
7985:1931–1932 Ahmed Barzani revolt
7511:Alliance of Palestinian Forces
5932:
5516:Father: Hussein 'Abid al-Majid
3577:Four Power Agreement on Berlin
3212:Mozambican War of Independence
2651:Indonesian National Revolution
2325:University of California Press
2201:University of California Press
2110:University of California Press
2024:University of California Press
1764:
1761:, pp. 96, 98–99, 101–102.
1:
8154:Republic of Iraq (since 2003)
7722:General Union of Syrian Women
7632:Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
7587:Palestinian National Alliance
5859:Revolutionary Command Council
5751:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
5175:CIA and the Cultural Cold War
4190:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
4143:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident
3865:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts
3830:Seven Days to the River Rhine
3562:Corrective Revolution (Egypt)
2849:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état
2777:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
1870:10.1080/09592296.2017.1309882
1745:
1218:
1207:in Iraq and establishing the
577:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
8816:Federation of Arab Republics
8776:Arab Socialist Union (Libya)
8766:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)
8367:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
8315:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
8087:Republic of Iraq (1968–2003)
7995:1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts
7531:National Democratic Alliance
7516:Forces of Freedom and Change
6513:Abdullah Sallum al-Samarra'i
6473:Muhyi Abdul-Hussein Mashhadi
6423:Adil Abdullah Mahdi Al-Douri
4168:Fall of communism in Albania
4138:Mongolian Revolution of 1990
4087:Polish Round Table Agreement
3427:1968 Polish political crisis
3244:Eritrean War of Independence
3010:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
2905:East German uprising of 1953
2837:Chinese Communist Revolution
2502:
1480:
601:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
7:
9136:Arab nationalist rebellions
8941:Flag of the Arab Federation
8771:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq)
8761:Arab Socialist Action Party
7980:1922 Mahmud Barzanji revolt
7965:Kingdom of Iraq (1921–1958)
7930:1919 Mahmud Barzanji revolt
7657:Social Democratic Unionists
7622:Arab Democratic Union Party
7318:National Defense Battalions
5714:
5676:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
4042:Korean Air Lines Flight 007
3770:Korean Air Lines Flight 902
3515:Corrective Movement (Syria)
3479:New People's Army rebellion
3474:Sino-Soviet border conflict
3202:Angolan War of Independence
3065:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
2945:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état
2590:Jamaican political conflict
2467:Central Intelligence Agency
1435:
1345:Central Intelligence Agency
1203:was overthrown, ending the
1146:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
1110:
606:Assadist-Saddamist conflict
166:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
16:1968 Ba'athist coup in Iraq
10:
9167:
8912:On the Way of Resurrection
8905:The Battle for One Destiny
8836:Lebanese National Movement
8277:Third International Theory
8144:1999 Shia uprising in Iraq
8114:1977 Shia uprising in Iraq
8030:Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)
7940:Mandatory Iraq (1920–1932)
7908:Protests and coups in Iraq
7835:On the Way of Resurrection
7828:The Battle for One Destiny
7617:Arab Socialist Union Party
7567:Lebanese National Movement
6797:Ali Ahmad Nasser al-Dhahab
6508:Abd al-Khaliq al-Samarra'i
4238:Sino-Indian border dispute
4067:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
3997:1987–1989 JVP insurrection
3755:1976 Argentine coup d'état
3667:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
3617:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état
3301:1964 Brazilian coup d'état
3269:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964
2958:First Taiwan Strait Crisis
2725:Asian Relations Conference
2373:Cambridge University Press
1854:Diplomacy & Statecraft
1640:Kurdistan Democratic Party
1580:Liberation Square, Baghdad
1430:
1387:. Senior Israeli official
1114:) was a bloodless coup in
500:The Battle for One Destiny
495:On the Way of Resurrection
27:
20:
9055:
8964:
8921:
8889:
8866:Unified Political Command
8756:Arab Nationalist Movement
8701:
8653:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi
8513:
8482:
8449:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
8320:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
8285:
8249:
8152:
8085:
8077:17 July Revolution (1968)
8057:Ramadan Revolution (1963)
8028:
8020:14 July Revolution (1958)
7963:
7938:
7913:
7844:
7819:
7753:
7749:
7738:
7717:General Union of Peasants
7704:
7609:
7549:
7526:National Consensus Forces
7503:
7496:
7429:
7378:
7374:
7359:
7339:Revolutionary Youth Union
7331:
7300:
7293:
7272:
7246:
7174:
7096:
7085:
7081:
7066:
7051:
6941:
6901:
6894:
6839:
6814:
6807:
6791:
6556:
6351:
6344:
6213:
6167:
6145:
6124:
6097:
6050:
6043:
6002:
5970:
5949:
5942:
5938:
5927:
5841:
5780:
5759:
5728:
5724:
5709:
5683:
5625:
5586:
5546:Uncle and Father-in-Law:
5507:
5486:
5440:
5429:
5337:
5274:
5223:
5145:
5122:William Appleman Williams
5067:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
4849:
4821:
4770:
4702:
4695:
4629:
4494:
4419:
4349:
4342:
4251:
4198:
4130:
3843:
3582:Bangladesh Liberation War
3572:1971 Sudanese coup d'état
3487:
3459:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
3447:1968 Peruvian coup d'état
3110:
2885:Arab Cold War (1952–1979)
2862:
2572:
2510:
2446:National Security Archive
1722:Kienle, Eberhard (1991).
1699:Gibson, Bryan R. (2015).
1671:Anglo-Iranian Oil Company
1630:. According to historian
1515:Chinese People's Republic
1415:Iraq National Oil Company
1398:coup attempt in June 1966
1314:, Iraqi Foreign Minister
1304:National Security Adviser
1211:, or the 8 February 1963
978:
965:
952:
942:
932:
894:
873:
852:
831:
810:
789:
773:
752:
736:
715:
694:
673:
652:
631:
536:November 1963 coup d'état
392:
382:
372:
362:
352:
297:
200:
121:
68:
50:
42:
37:
9141:July 1968 events in Asia
9131:Arab nationalism in Iraq
9126:20th-century revolutions
8374:1952 Egyptian revolution
8196:2019–2021 Iraqi protests
8191:2015–2018 Iraqi protests
8186:2012–2013 Iraqi protests
8109:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
8015:1948 Al-Wathbah uprising
7667:Socialist Unionist Party
7637:Libyan National Movement
7463:Arabic Toilers' Movement
7367:Associated organizations
7227:National Security Bureau
7175:Syrian-dominated faction
6603:Mohammed Saeed Bekheitan
6538:Yahya Abdallah al-Ubaydi
6388:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
6088:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
6003:Syrian-dominated faction
5699:Syrian-dominated faction
3897:1980 Turkish coup d'état
3732:Cambodian–Vietnamese War
3702:1978 Somali coup attempt
3662:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
3627:1973 Chilean coup d'état
3452:Revolutionary Government
3346:South African Border War
3138:1960 Turkish coup d'état
3055:Iraqi 14 July Revolution
2910:1953 Iranian coup d'état
2890:1952 Egyptian revolution
2152:; Rautsi, Inari (2002).
1941:, pp. 101–105, 111.
1644:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
1642:(KDP) rebels during the
1604:1973 Chilean coup d'état
1363:From at least mid-1965,
1254:'s expropriation of the
394:Baath Party (pro-Syrian)
9086:Arab rebellions in Iraq
9027:Palestinian nationalism
8946:Flag of the Arab Revolt
8439:1966 Syrian coup d'état
8419:1963 Syrian coup d'état
8399:1961 Syrian coup d'état
8134:Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
7642:National Covenant Party
7446:Arab Socialist Movement
7097:Iraqi-dominated faction
7023:Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji
6713:Mohammad Jihad al-Laham
6398:Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash
6368:Muhammad Zimam al-Sadun
5971:Iraqi-dominated faction
5891:1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
5881:Union of Arab Republics
5833:1966 Syrian coup d'état
5808:1963 Syrian coup d'état
5788:1954 Syrian coup d'état
5746:Arab Socialist Movement
5690:Iraqi-dominated faction
5634:Category:Saddam Hussein
5350:1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
4102:Fall of the Berlin Wall
4047:People Power Revolution
4032:Central American crisis
3972:1986 Black Sea incident
3622:1973 Afghan coup d'état
3520:Western Sahara conflict
3331:1966 Syrian coup d'état
3254:1963 Syrian coup d'état
3197:Portuguese Colonial War
3160:First Iraqi–Kurdish War
2925:1954 Syrian coup d'état
2802:Annexation of Hyderabad
2745:1947–1949 Palestine war
2001:, pp. 94, 97, 111.
1777:Oxford University Press
1272:Abd al-Rahman al-Bazzaz
596:Intervention in Lebanon
384:Baath Party (pro-Iraqi)
30:1973 Afghan coup d'état
9106:Military coups in Iraq
8454:1969 Libyan revolution
8332:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
8005:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
8000:1936 Iraqi coup d'état
7672:Syrian Communist Party
7478:Palestinian Arab Front
7008:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
6988:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
6978:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
6928:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
6733:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
6708:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
6643:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
6548:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
6483:Ghazi Hamoud Al-Obaidi
6428:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
6383:Jamal Mustafa Abdullah
6083:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
5988:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
4396:Neoclassical economics
3907:Gulf of Sidra incident
3464:1969 Libyan revolution
3155:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
2940:1954 Geneva Conference
2700:Turkish straits crisis
2695:Corfu Channel incident
1586:
1497:
1343:In May 1968, the U.S.
1260:Iraq Petroleum Company
1174:Iraq Petroleum Company
624:Regional organisations
476:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
259:Abd ar-Rahman al-Dawud
201:Commanders and leaders
9151:Socialist revolutions
9012:Jordanian nationalism
8746:Arab Islamic Republic
8741:Arab Higher Committee
8618:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
8598:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
8409:North Yemen civil war
8342:Arab–Israeli conflict
7955:1920 Iraqi Revolution
7488:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
7003:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
6953:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
6728:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
6523:Nayef Shindakh Thamer
6276:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
6137:Abd al-Majid al-Rafei
5772:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
5246:Russia–NATO relations
5127:Jonathan Reed Winkler
4411:Democratic capitalism
4406:Supply-side economics
4374:American conservatism
4173:Breakup of Yugoslavia
4062:Bougainville conflict
3977:South Yemen civil war
3912:Martial law in Poland
3775:Nicaraguan Revolution
3750:Dirty War (Argentina)
3557:1971 JVP insurrection
3371:Years of Lead (Italy)
3249:North Yemen civil war
3167:Berlin Crisis of 1961
3143:Albanian–Soviet split
3075:1959 Tibetan uprising
3040:Syrian Crisis of 1957
2895:Iraqi Intifada (1952)
2755:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1675:successfully thwarted
1585:
1541:seized power in Syria
1506:1969 Baghdad hangings
1485:
1450:Abd ar-Razzaq an-Naif
1264:concessionary holding
1142:Iraqi Regional Branch
1124:Abd ar-Razzaq an-Naif
980:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
591:Corrective Revolution
431:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
306:10th Armoured Brigade
270:Abd ar-Razzaq an-Naif
9047:Tunisian nationalism
9017:Lebanese nationalism
8977:Egyptian nationalism
8972:Algerian nationalism
8876:United Arab Republic
8751:Arab Liberation Army
8731:Arab Ba'ath Movement
8588:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
8129:1991 Iraqi uprisings
7990:1933 Simele massacre
7582:National Union Front
6913:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
6871:Abdul Halim Khaddam
6826:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
6678:Abdul-Karim al-Jundi
6623:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
6493:Fawzi Mutlaq al-Rawi
6418:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
6271:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
6073:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
6044:Regional Secretaries
5741:Arab Ba'ath Movement
5458:The Fortified Castle
5451:Zabibah and the King
4667:Non-Aligned Movement
4289:Peaceful coexistence
4243:North Borneo dispute
4158:German reunification
4153:Min Ping Yu No. 5202
3851:Salvadoran Civil War
3800:Grand Mosque seizure
3795:Yemenite War of 1979
3687:Mozambican Civil War
3642:Carnation Revolution
3597:Yemenite War of 1972
3535:1970 Polish protests
3366:1967 Hong Kong riots
3341:Argentine Revolution
3291:Guatemalan Civil War
3219:Cuban Missile Crisis
3133:Bay of Pigs Invasion
3005:1956 Poznań protests
2983:Geneva Summit (1955)
2585:Hukbalahap Rebellion
2564:Non-Aligned Movement
2290:, pp. 114, 119.
2230:, pp. 111, 113.
1965:, pp. 104, 112.
1771:Hahn, Peter (2011).
1667:1951 nationalization
1606:, 24 September 1973.
1493:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
1442:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
1120:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
461:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
364:Arab Ba'ath Movement
237:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
150:Arab Socialist Union
21:For other uses, see
9146:Revolutions in Iraq
9037:Sahrawi nationalism
8394:1959 Mosul uprising
8327:Great Syrian Revolt
8176:2011 Iraqi protests
8052:1959 Mosul uprising
8010:1943 Barzani revolt
7705:Other organizations
7647:Popular Unity Party
7497:Political alliances
7028:Wael Nader al-Halqi
6895:Heads of government
6738:Abdul Qadir Qaddura
6693:Abdul Halim Khaddam
6663:Mohammad al-Hussein
6648:Wael Nader al-Halqi
6488:Taha Yassin Ramadan
6478:Aziz Saleh Al-Numan
6468:Ali Hassan al-Majid
6453:Latif Nassif Jassim
5943:General Secretaries
5876:Corrective Movement
5798:1959 Mosul uprising
5384:Human rights record
5112:Alex von Tunzelmann
5102:Vladimir Tismăneanu
5027:Thomas J. McCormick
5022:Jack F. Matlock Jr.
4922:Robert Hugh Ferrell
4785:Crusade for Freedom
4582:Illiberal democracy
4466:Ho Chi Minh Thought
4269:Eisenhower Doctrine
4122:Peaceful Revolution
4117:Romanian Revolution
4097:Revolutions of 1989
4082:1988 Polish strikes
3992:Operation INFEKTION
3987:1987 Lieyu massacre
3892:Eritrean Civil Wars
3875:Peruvian Revolution
3825:1979 Herat uprising
3815:Sino-Vietnamese War
3780:Uganda–Tanzania War
3760:Egyptian–Libyan War
3727:Third Indochina War
3722:Sino-Albanian split
3712:Ethiopian Civil War
3612:Eritrean Civil Wars
3552:Ping-pong diplomacy
3525:Cambodian Civil War
3351:Korean DMZ Conflict
3336:Cultural Revolution
3306:Dominican Civil War
3284:Tlatelolco massacre
3070:1959 Mosul uprising
3060:1958 Lebanon crisis
2787:Al-Wathbah uprising
2710:First Indochina War
2680:Iran crisis of 1946
2354:, pp. 134–135.
2139:, pp. 112–113.
1905:, pp. 99, 102.
1632:Charles R. H. Tripp
1308:Walt Whitman Rostow
1235:in April 1966, the
9096:Rebellions in Iraq
9042:Syrian nationalism
9022:Libyan nationalism
8982:Greater Mauritania
8898:The Arab Awakening
8881:United Arab States
8856:Rejectionist Front
8663:Gamal Abdel Nasser
8474:Yemeni unification
8464:Lebanese Civil War
8444:17 July Revolution
8414:Ramadan Revolution
8389:14 July Revolution
7597:Rejectionist Front
6993:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
6968:Nureddin al-Atassi
6856:Nureddin al-Atassi
6688:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
6593:Nureddin al-Atassi
6503:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
6403:Salih Mahdi Ammash
6373:Ghanim Abdul-Jalil
6326:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
6256:Nureddin al-Atassi
6190:Nureddin al-Atassi
6068:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
6020:Abdullah al-Ahmar
6010:Nureddin al-Atassi
5906:De-Ba'athification
5849:17 July Revolution
5803:Ramadan Revolution
5793:14 July Revolution
5616:The Devil's Double
5595:Al-ayyam al-tawila
5345:17 July Revolution
5266:Russian Revolution
5062:Mary Elise Sarotte
5047:William B. Pickett
4972:Patrick J. Hearden
4952:Gabriel Gorodetsky
4947:Timothy Garton Ash
4932:Anneli Ute Gabanyi
4527:Ethnic nationalism
4279:Hallstein Doctrine
4163:Yemeni unification
3952:1985 Geneva Summit
3917:Casamance conflict
3820:New Jewel Movement
3805:Iranian Revolution
3790:Chadian–Libyan War
3737:Cambodian conflict
3717:Lebanese Civil War
3707:Western Sahara War
3682:June 1976 protests
3677:Cambodian genocide
3442:17 July Revolution
3396:Nigerian Civil War
3311:Rhodesian Bush War
3296:Colombian conflict
3239:Ramadan Revolution
2978:Bandung Conference
2854:Operation Valuable
2735:Partition of India
2160:. pp. 33–34.
1779:. pp. 49–50.
1705:Palgrave Macmillan
1598:reflecting on the
1528:For its part, the
1474:Salih Mahdi Ammash
1394:Arif Abd ar-Razzaq
1335:Secretary of State
1252:Abd al-Karim Qasim
1241:14 July Revolution
1213:Ramadan Revolution
1197:14 July Revolution
1154:Salih Mahdi Ammash
1092:17 July Revolution
938:1960–1962/63
566:De-Ba'athification
541:17 July Revolution
531:Ramadan Revolution
303:Presidential Guard
177:Iraqi Armed Forces
38:17 July Revolution
9101:Conflicts in 1968
9073:
9072:
9002:Iraqi nationalism
8693:Constantin Zureiq
8543:Abdul Rahman Arif
8523:Butrus al-Bustani
8209:
8208:
7875:
7874:
7871:
7870:
7867:
7866:
7734:
7733:
7730:
7729:
7610:Political parties
7605:
7604:
7483:Socialist Lebanon
7355:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7347:
7346:
7242:
7241:
7088:Regional branches
7062:
7061:
7058:
7057:
7047:
7046:
7018:Riyad Farid Hijab
6983:Mahmoud al-Ayyubi
6890:
6889:
6876:
6803:
6802:
6753:Hikmat al-Shihabi
6568:Abdullah al-Ahmar
6533:Hardan al-Tikriti
6463:Adnan Khayr Allah
6458:Rashid Taan Kazim
6393:Salah Omar al-Ali
6236:Abdullah al-Ahmar
6209:
6208:
6039:
6038:
6025:
5923:
5922:
5919:
5918:
5641:
5640:
5548:Khairallah Talfah
5542:Samira Shahbandar
5297:
5296:
5284:List of conflicts
5132:Rudolph Winnacker
5077:Giles Scott-Smith
5052:Ronald E. Powaski
5007:Melvyn P. Leffler
4937:John Lewis Gaddis
4912:Robert D. English
4877:Warren H. Carroll
4867:Michael Beschloss
4836:Nuclear arms race
4817:
4816:
4723:Neues Deutschland
4625:
4624:
4607:White nationalism
4577:Liberal democracy
4314:Ulbricht Doctrine
4304:Brezhnev Doctrine
4112:Velvet Revolution
3856:Soviet–Afghan War
3672:Angolan Civil War
3469:Goulash Communism
3326:ASEAN Declaration
3279:Mexican Dirty War
3177:Annexation of Goa
3128:1960 U-2 incident
3102:Sino-Soviet split
3080:Laotian Civil War
2920:Bricker Amendment
2900:Mau Mau rebellion
2844:Malayan Emergency
2832:Chinese Civil War
2792:Tito–Stalin split
2646:Division of Korea
2167:978-0-8021-3978-8
1893:, pp. 98–99.
1817:, pp. 94–98.
1714:978-1-137-48711-7
1565:William P. Rogers
1489:Liberation Square
1470:Hardan al-Tikriti
1375:influence in the
1245:Lyndon B. Johnson
1229:Abdul Rahman Arif
1205:Hashemite dynasty
1162:President of Iraq
1150:Hardan al-Tikriti
1131:Abdul Rahman Arif
1111:inqilāb 17 Tammūz
1108:
1088:
1087:
991:
990:
944:Socialist Lebanon
915:
914:
586:1966 coup d'états
405:
404:
312:
311:
292:Hardan al-Tikriti
214:Abdul Rahman Arif
117:
116:
108:Establishment of
100:Abdul Rahman Arif
9158:
9063:
9062:
8936:Eagle of Saladin
8643:Amin al-Husseini
8608:Faisal I of Iraq
8578:Sultan al-Atrash
8573:Mansur al-Atrash
8548:Abdul Salam Arif
8357:War of Attrition
8243:Arab nationalism
8236:
8229:
8222:
8213:
8212:
8181:2011 Duhok riots
8169:
8168:
8162:
8161:
8102:
8101:
8095:
8094:
8045:
8044:
8038:
8037:
7973:
7972:
7948:
7947:
7923:
7922:
7915:OETA (1918–1920)
7902:
7895:
7888:
7879:
7878:
7771:Arab nationalism
7761:Anti-imperialism
7751:
7750:
7740:
7739:
7521:March 8 Alliance
7501:
7500:
7433:
7432:Breakaway groups
7376:
7375:
7368:
7361:
7360:
7298:
7297:
7124:Regional Command
7094:
7093:
7089:
7083:
7082:
7075:
7068:
7067:
6998:Mahmoud Al-Zoubi
6945:
6905:
6899:
6898:
6872:
6843:
6818:
6812:
6811:
6748:Farouk al-Sharaa
6743:Hammouda Sabbagh
6633:Ibrahim al-Hadid
6613:Mahdi Dakhlallah
6598:Shibli al-Aysami
6560:
6408:Hussein Al-Awadi
6378:Saad Abdul-Majid
6355:
6349:
6348:
6296:Akram al-Hawrani
6266:Shibli al-Aysami
6261:Mansur al-Atrash
6223:
6222:National Command
6217:
6180:Shibli al-Aysami
6048:
6047:
6021:
5993:Salah Al-Mukhtar
5947:
5946:
5940:
5939:
5929:
5928:
5911:Syrian civil war
5818:Ar-Rashid revolt
5726:
5725:
5718:
5711:
5710:
5700:
5691:
5677:
5668:
5661:
5654:
5645:
5644:
5632:
5631:
5578:Mustapha Hussein
5499:Alleged shredder
5465:Men and the City
5435:
5324:
5317:
5310:
5301:
5300:
5042:David S. Painter
4967:John Earl Haynes
4897:Nicholas J. Cull
4882:Adrian Cioroianu
4862:Thomas A. Bailey
4809:Voice of America
4700:
4699:
4612:White separatism
4592:Social democracy
4587:Guided democracy
4567:Authoritarianism
4517:Ultranationalism
4507:Anti-imperialism
4434:Marxism–Leninism
4347:
4346:
4334:Kinmen Agreement
4299:Johnson Doctrine
4284:Kennedy Doctrine
4200:Frozen conflicts
4183:1991 August Coup
4072:Afghan Civil War
3967:Reykjavík Summit
3962:Somali Rebellion
3902:Ugandan Bush War
3880:Gdańsk Agreement
3401:Protests of 1968
3381:War of Attrition
3090:Cuban Revolution
3026:We will bury you
2993:Cyprus Emergency
2973:Kashmir Princess
2963:Jebel Akhdar War
2812:Western betrayal
2497:
2490:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2464:
2462:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2322:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2207:, 52–53, 55–59.
2198:
2185:
2172:
2171:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2107:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2071:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2021:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1845:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1791:
1790:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1741:
1718:
1607:
1582:from 1969–1970.
1509:
1446:defence minister
1353:State Department
1331:Eugene V. Rostow
1299:Robert C. Strong
1233:Abdul Salam Arif
1209:Republic of Iraq
1140:and brought the
1113:
1103:
1101:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1052:
1050:Socialism portal
1045:
1007:Arab nationalism
987:
974:
961:
930:
929:
629:
628:
611:Syrian civil war
401:
350:
349:
337:
314:
313:
290:
289:
288:
279:
278:
277:
268:
267:
260:
258:
257:
246:
245:
244:
235:
234:
233:
223:
222:
212:
211:
175:
174:
164:
163:
152:
148:
147:
146:
134:
133:
70:
69:
55:
35:
34:
9166:
9165:
9161:
9160:
9159:
9157:
9156:
9155:
9076:
9075:
9074:
9069:
9051:
8987:Greater Morocco
8960:
8956:Pan-Arab colors
8951:Hawk of Quraish
8917:
8885:
8736:Arab Federation
8697:
8683:Abdullah Rimawi
8658:Mostéfa Merarda
8613:Muammar Gaddafi
8593:Ahmed Ben Bella
8568:Jamal al-Atassi
8558:Bashar al-Assad
8509:
8478:
8459:Black September
8337:Anglo-Iraqi War
8281:
8245:
8240:
8210:
8205:
8163:
8156:
8148:
8096:
8089:
8081:
8039:
8032:
8024:
7967:
7959:
7942:
7934:
7917:
7909:
7906:
7876:
7863:
7859:Pan-Arab colors
7853:Arḍ ul-Furātayn
7840:
7815:
7745:
7726:
7700:
7601:
7545:
7492:
7451:Damascus branch
7431:
7425:
7396:Free Iraqi Army
7386:Al-Abud Network
7370:
7366:
7343:
7327:
7313:Fedayeen Saddam
7308:Ba'ath Brigades
7289:
7268:
7259:Sawt al-Jamahir
7238:
7217:Central Command
7170:
7087:
7077:
7073:
7054:
7043:
6943:
6937:
6903:
6886:
6881:Bashar al-Assad
6861:Ahmad al-Khatib
6841:
6835:
6816:
6799:
6787:
6758:Hammud al-Shufi
6723:Zuhair Masharqa
6718:Ibrahim Makhous
6703:Ahmad al-Khatib
6668:Hisham Ikhtiyar
6588:Rifaat al-Assad
6578:Bashar al-Assad
6558:
6552:
6518:Talib El-Shibib
6433:Saadoun Ghaidan
6353:
6340:
6336:Khaled Yashruti
6331:Talib El-Shibib
6321:Abdullah Rimawi
6286:Wahib al-Ghanim
6246:Bashar al-Assad
6221:
6215:
6205:
6200:Bashar al-Assad
6175:Hammud al-Shufi
6163:
6141:
6120:
6105:Abdullah Rimawi
6093:
6063:Talib El-Shibib
6035:
6030:Bashar al-Assad
5998:
5966:
5934:
5915:
5837:
5776:
5755:
5720:
5716:
5705:
5698:
5689:
5679:
5675:
5672:
5642:
5637:
5621:
5602:House of Saddam
5582:
5576:Grandchildren:
5522:Half-brothers:
5503:
5482:
5436:
5427:
5333:
5328:
5298:
5293:
5270:
5261:Second Cold War
5219:
5147:
5141:
5117:Odd Arne Westad
5107:Patrick Vaughan
5092:Athan Theoharis
5072:Ellen Schrecker
5057:Yakov M. Rabkin
5032:Timothy Naftali
4977:Tvrtko Jakovina
4962:Jussi Hanhimäki
4845:
4823:
4813:
4791:Paix et Liberté
4766:
4710:Active measures
4691:
4621:
4602:White supremacy
4562:Totalitarianism
4490:
4415:
4338:
4324:Reagan Doctrine
4319:Carter Doctrine
4259:Truman Doctrine
4247:
4194:
4126:
4021:Soviet reaction
3932:Ndogboyosoi War
3839:
3810:Saur Revolution
3637:1973 oil crisis
3602:Munich massacre
3510:Alcora Exercise
3505:Black September
3483:
3229:Sino-Indian War
3123:Simba rebellion
3106:
2950:Capture of the
2858:
2797:Berlin Blockade
2730:May 1947 crises
2720:Truman Doctrine
2685:Greek Civil War
2674:Blacklist Forty
2641:Gouzenko Affair
2628:Cursed soldiers
2580:Morgenthau Plan
2568:
2506:
2501:
2460:
2408:
2403:
2402:
2394:
2390:
2383:
2375:. p. 203.
2362:
2358:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2310:
2306:
2298:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2262:
2258:
2250:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2226:
2222:
2215:
2186:
2175:
2168:
2147:
2143:
2135:
2131:
2124:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2072:
2057:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1973:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1909:
1901:
1897:
1889:
1885:
1846:
1821:
1813:
1809:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1738:
1715:
1695:
1681:)—namely Iran,
1655:Muammar Gaddafi
1636:Mustafa Barzani
1609:
1588:
1511:
1504:describing the
1499:
1483:
1438:
1433:
1324:Arthur Goldberg
1296:U.S. ambassador
1221:
1118:in 1968 led by
1084:
1055:
1048:
1043:Politics portal
1041:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1001:
993:
992:
985:
972:
959:
948:1965–1970
927:
925:Splinter groups
917:
916:
911:
890:
869:
848:
827:
806:
785:
769:
748:
732:
711:
690:
669:
648:
626:
616:
615:
575:
529:
520:
512:
511:
508:
490:
482:
481:
480:
471:Bashar al-Assad
441:Wahib al-Ghanim
436:Abdullah Rimawi
415:
407:
406:
399:
388:1968–2003
378:1947–1966
368:1940–1947
358:1940–1947
347:
307:
286:
284:
283:
275:
273:
272:
262:
261:
252:
251:
250:
242:
240:
239:
231:
229:
217:
216:
206:
193:Iraqi Air Force
169:
168:
158:
144:
142:
141:
128:
88:
56:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9164:
9154:
9153:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9091:Ba'athist Iraq
9088:
9071:
9070:
9068:
9067:
9056:
9053:
9052:
9050:
9049:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9029:
9024:
9019:
9014:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8989:
8984:
8979:
8974:
8968:
8966:
8965:Related topics
8962:
8961:
8959:
8958:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8933:
8927:
8925:
8919:
8918:
8916:
8915:
8908:
8901:
8893:
8891:
8887:
8886:
8884:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8831:Islamic Legion
8828:
8823:
8818:
8813:
8808:
8803:
8798:
8793:
8788:
8783:
8778:
8773:
8768:
8763:
8758:
8753:
8748:
8743:
8738:
8733:
8728:
8723:
8721:Al-Mourabitoun
8718:
8713:
8707:
8705:
8699:
8698:
8696:
8695:
8690:
8688:Hamdeen Sabahi
8685:
8680:
8678:Fuad al-Rikabi
8675:
8670:
8668:Adnan Pachachi
8665:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8638:Saddam Hussein
8635:
8630:
8628:Sati' al-Husri
8625:
8620:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8563:Hafez al-Assad
8560:
8555:
8553:Zaki al-Arsuzi
8550:
8545:
8540:
8535:
8530:
8525:
8519:
8517:
8511:
8510:
8508:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8486:
8484:
8480:
8479:
8477:
8476:
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8434:Aden Emergency
8431:
8426:
8421:
8416:
8411:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8379:Iraqi Intifada
8376:
8371:
8370:
8369:
8364:
8362:Yom Kippur War
8359:
8354:
8349:
8339:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8323:
8322:
8312:
8307:
8306:
8305:
8295:
8289:
8287:
8283:
8282:
8280:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8257:Arab socialism
8253:
8251:
8247:
8246:
8239:
8238:
8231:
8224:
8216:
8207:
8206:
8204:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8172:
8170:
8150:
8149:
8147:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8105:
8103:
8083:
8082:
8080:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8048:
8046:
8026:
8025:
8023:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
7976:
7974:
7961:
7960:
7958:
7957:
7951:
7949:
7936:
7935:
7933:
7932:
7926:
7924:
7911:
7910:
7905:
7904:
7897:
7890:
7882:
7873:
7872:
7869:
7868:
7865:
7864:
7862:
7861:
7856:
7848:
7846:
7842:
7841:
7839:
7838:
7831:
7823:
7821:
7817:
7816:
7814:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7793:
7788:
7783:
7778:
7776:Arab socialism
7773:
7768:
7763:
7757:
7755:
7747:
7746:
7736:
7735:
7732:
7731:
7728:
7727:
7725:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7708:
7706:
7702:
7701:
7699:
7698:
7697:
7696:
7686:
7685:
7684:
7679:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7613:
7611:
7607:
7606:
7603:
7602:
7600:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7553:
7551:
7547:
7546:
7544:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7507:
7505:
7498:
7494:
7493:
7491:
7490:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7465:
7460:
7455:
7454:
7453:
7443:
7437:
7435:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7406:Jeish Muhammad
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7382:
7380:
7372:
7371:
7357:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7349:
7348:
7345:
7344:
7342:
7341:
7335:
7333:
7329:
7328:
7326:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7304:
7302:
7295:
7291:
7290:
7288:
7287:
7282:
7276:
7274:
7273:Popular fronts
7270:
7269:
7267:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7250:
7248:
7244:
7243:
7240:
7239:
7237:
7236:
7231:
7230:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7178:
7176:
7172:
7171:
7169:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7127:
7126:
7116:
7111:
7106:
7100:
7098:
7091:
7079:
7078:
7064:
7063:
7060:
7059:
7056:
7055:
7052:
7049:
7048:
7045:
7044:
7042:
7041:
7038:Hussein Arnous
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6973:Hafez al-Assad
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6949:
6947:
6939:
6938:
6936:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6923:Sa'dun Hammadi
6920:
6918:Saddam Hussein
6915:
6909:
6907:
6896:
6892:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6885:
6884:
6878:
6868:
6866:Hafez al-Assad
6863:
6858:
6853:
6847:
6845:
6837:
6836:
6834:
6833:
6831:Saddam Hussein
6828:
6822:
6820:
6809:
6808:Heads of state
6805:
6804:
6801:
6800:
6795:
6793:
6789:
6788:
6786:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6773:Muhammad Umran
6770:
6768:Hasan Turkmani
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6583:Hafez al-Assad
6580:
6575:
6573:Hussein Arnous
6570:
6564:
6562:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6498:Fuad al-Rikabi
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6448:Saddam Hussein
6445:
6440:
6438:Sa'dun Hammadi
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6359:
6357:
6346:
6342:
6341:
6339:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6316:Fuad al-Rikabi
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6251:Hafez al-Assad
6248:
6243:
6241:Zaki al-Arsuzi
6238:
6233:
6227:
6225:
6211:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6204:
6203:
6197:
6195:Hafez al-Assad
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6171:
6169:
6165:
6164:
6162:
6161:
6155:
6149:
6147:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6134:
6128:
6126:
6122:
6121:
6119:
6118:
6115:Akram al-Homsi
6112:
6107:
6101:
6099:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6091:
6085:
6080:
6078:Saddam Hussein
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6058:Fuad al-Rikabi
6054:
6052:
6045:
6041:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6027:
6017:
6015:Hafez al-Assad
6012:
6006:
6004:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5996:
5990:
5985:
5983:Saddam Hussein
5980:
5974:
5972:
5968:
5967:
5965:
5964:
5959:
5953:
5951:
5944:
5936:
5935:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5920:
5917:
5916:
5914:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5901:Iraqi conflict
5898:
5896:Faith Campaign
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5867:
5866:
5856:
5854:Ba'athist Iraq
5851:
5845:
5843:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5830:
5828:1964 Hama riot
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5784:
5782:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5774:
5769:
5763:
5761:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5732:
5730:
5722:
5721:
5707:
5706:
5704:
5703:
5694:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5671:
5670:
5663:
5656:
5648:
5639:
5638:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5612:
5605:
5598:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5580:
5574:
5560:
5550:
5544:
5534:
5520:
5517:
5513:
5511:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5494:Killing babies
5490:
5488:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5475:
5472:Begone, Demons
5468:
5461:
5454:
5446:
5444:
5438:
5437:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5386:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5377:1991 uprisings
5369:
5367:Anfal campaign
5364:
5363:
5362:
5352:
5347:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5334:
5331:Saddam Hussein
5327:
5326:
5319:
5312:
5304:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5227:
5225:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5151:
5149:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5087:Timothy Snyder
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5017:Vojtech Mastny
5014:
5012:Geir Lundestad
5009:
5004:
5002:Walter Laqueur
4999:
4997:Walter LaFeber
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4927:André Fontaine
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4857:Gar Alperovitz
4853:
4851:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4827:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4806:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4787:
4782:
4774:
4772:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4764:
4757:
4752:
4745:
4738:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4712:
4706:
4704:
4697:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4597:Third-Worldism
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4425:
4423:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4386:Libertarianism
4383:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4366:
4364:Chicago school
4361:
4355:
4353:
4344:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4309:Nixon Doctrine
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4252:Foreign policy
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4204:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4037:Operation RYAN
4034:
4029:
4024:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3942:Able Archer 83
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3692:Oromo conflict
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3632:Yom Kippur War
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3415:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3264:Aden Emergency
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3182:Papua conflict
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3087:
3085:Kitchen Debate
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3045:Sputnik crisis
3042:
3037:
3029:
3022:
3017:
3015:Polish October
3012:
3007:
3002:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2915:Pact of Madrid
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2870:Bamboo Curtain
2866:
2864:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2669:
2661:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2610:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2519:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2453:
2438:Saddam Hussain
2434:
2407:
2406:External links
2404:
2401:
2400:
2388:
2381:
2365:Tripp, Charles
2356:
2344:
2337:
2304:
2302:, p. 119.
2292:
2280:
2278:, p. 113.
2268:
2256:
2244:
2232:
2220:
2213:
2173:
2166:
2141:
2129:
2122:
2089:
2055:
2043:
2036:
2003:
1991:
1979:
1967:
1955:
1953:, p. 111.
1943:
1931:
1929:, p. 100.
1919:
1907:
1895:
1883:
1819:
1807:
1805:, p. 137.
1792:
1785:
1763:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1736:
1719:
1713:
1694:
1691:
1663:September 1969
1628:Alexei Kosygin
1625:Soviet premier
1613:Sa'dun Hammadi
1596:Saddam Hussein
1584:
1538:Hafez al-Assad
1484:
1482:
1479:
1459:Saddam Hussein
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1320:United Nations
1316:Adnan Pachachi
1256:United Kingdom
1249:Prime Minister
1220:
1217:
1201:King Faisal II
1158:Saddam Hussein
1135:Prime Minister
1100:انقلاب 17 تموز
1086:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1046:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1012:Arab socialism
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:Related topics
999:
998:
995:
994:
989:
988:
982:
976:
975:
969:
963:
962:
956:
950:
949:
946:
940:
939:
936:
928:
923:
922:
919:
918:
913:
912:
910:
909:
904:
898:
896:
892:
891:
889:
888:
883:
877:
875:
871:
870:
868:
867:
862:
856:
854:
850:
849:
847:
846:
841:
835:
833:
829:
828:
826:
825:
820:
814:
812:
808:
807:
805:
804:
799:
793:
791:
787:
786:
784:
783:
777:
775:
771:
770:
768:
767:
762:
756:
754:
750:
749:
747:
746:
740:
738:
734:
733:
731:
730:
725:
719:
717:
713:
712:
710:
709:
704:
698:
696:
692:
691:
689:
688:
683:
677:
675:
671:
670:
668:
667:
662:
656:
654:
650:
649:
647:
646:
641:
635:
633:
627:
622:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
579:
572:Baathist Syria
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
526:Ba'athist Iraq
521:
518:
517:
514:
513:
510:
509:
504:
502:
497:
491:
488:
487:
484:
483:
479:
478:
473:
468:
466:Saddam Hussein
463:
458:
456:Hafez al-Assad
453:
448:
446:Fuad al-Rikabi
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
421:Zaki al-Arsuzi
417:
416:
413:
412:
409:
408:
403:
402:
396:
390:
389:
386:
380:
379:
376:
370:
369:
366:
360:
359:
356:
348:
343:
342:
339:
338:
330:
329:
323:
322:
310:
309:
304:
300:
299:
298:Units involved
295:
294:
281:Sa'dun Hammadi
248:Saddam Hussein
227:
203:
202:
198:
197:
196:
195:
190:
185:
155:
154:
153:
136:Iraqi Republic
124:
123:
119:
118:
115:
114:
113:
112:
110:Ba'athist Iraq
106:
94:
90:
89:
84:
82:
78:
77:
74:
66:
65:
58:Hassan al-Bakr
48:
47:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9163:
9152:
9149:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9084:
9083:
9081:
9066:
9058:
9057:
9054:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9028:
9025:
9023:
9020:
9018:
9015:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8997:Greater Yemen
8995:
8993:
8992:Greater Syria
8990:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8969:
8967:
8963:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8928:
8926:
8924:
8920:
8914:
8913:
8909:
8907:
8906:
8902:
8900:
8899:
8895:
8894:
8892:
8888:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8827:
8824:
8822:
8819:
8817:
8814:
8812:
8809:
8807:
8804:
8802:
8799:
8797:
8794:
8792:
8789:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8772:
8769:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8749:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8708:
8706:
8704:
8703:Organizations
8700:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8626:
8624:
8623:George Habash
8621:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8604:
8603:Izzat Darwaza
8601:
8599:
8596:
8594:
8591:
8589:
8586:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8538:Yasser Arafat
8536:
8534:
8531:
8529:
8526:
8524:
8521:
8520:
8518:
8516:
8515:Personalities
8512:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8490:Arab identity
8488:
8487:
8485:
8481:
8475:
8472:
8470:
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8404:Arab Cold War
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8344:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8321:
8318:
8317:
8316:
8313:
8311:
8308:
8304:
8301:
8300:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8291:
8290:
8288:
8284:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8255:
8254:
8252:
8248:
8244:
8237:
8232:
8230:
8225:
8223:
8218:
8217:
8214:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8173:
8171:
8167:
8160:
8155:
8151:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8106:
8104:
8100:
8093:
8088:
8084:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8049:
8047:
8043:
8036:
8031:
8027:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7977:
7975:
7971:
7966:
7962:
7956:
7953:
7952:
7950:
7946:
7941:
7937:
7931:
7928:
7927:
7925:
7921:
7916:
7912:
7903:
7898:
7896:
7891:
7889:
7884:
7883:
7880:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7854:
7850:
7849:
7847:
7843:
7837:
7836:
7832:
7830:
7829:
7825:
7824:
7822:
7818:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7796:Republicanism
7794:
7792:
7791:Progressivism
7789:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7759:
7758:
7756:
7752:
7748:
7744:Miscellaneous
7741:
7737:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7709:
7707:
7703:
7695:
7692:
7691:
7690:
7687:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7674:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7614:
7612:
7608:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7554:
7552:
7548:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7508:
7506:
7502:
7499:
7495:
7489:
7486:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7452:
7449:
7448:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7438:
7436:
7434:
7428:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7411:Rejectionists
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7383:
7381:
7377:
7373:
7369:
7362:
7358:
7340:
7337:
7336:
7334:
7330:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7305:
7303:
7299:
7296:
7292:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7277:
7275:
7271:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7251:
7249:
7245:
7235:
7232:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7214:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7179:
7177:
7173:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7125:
7122:
7121:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7084:
7080:
7076:
7069:
7065:
7053:* = incumbent
7050:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6963:Yusuf Zuayyin
6961:
6959:
6958:Amin al-Hafiz
6956:
6954:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6946:
6940:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6910:
6908:
6906:
6900:
6897:
6893:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6875:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6851:Amin al-Hafiz
6849:
6848:
6846:
6844:
6838:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6823:
6821:
6819:
6813:
6810:
6806:
6798:
6794:
6790:
6784:
6783:Yusuf Zuayyin
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6763:Mustafa Tlass
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6683:Sami al-Jundi
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6638:Amin al-Hafiz
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6628:Marwan Habash
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6565:
6563:
6561:
6555:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6528:Khamis Sirhan
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6443:Qusay Hussein
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6360:
6358:
6356:
6350:
6347:
6343:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6306:Zuheir Mohsen
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6291:Amin al-Hafiz
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6224:
6218:
6212:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6185:Amin al-Hafiz
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6166:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6144:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6123:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6102:
6100:
6096:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6049:
6046:
6042:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6024:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6007:
6005:
6001:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5969:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5948:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5930:
5926:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5865:
5862:
5861:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5846:
5844:
5840:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5779:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5758:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5712:
5708:
5702:
5701:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5686:
5685:
5682:
5678:
5669:
5664:
5662:
5657:
5655:
5650:
5649:
5646:
5636:
5635:
5624:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5611:
5610:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5599:
5597:
5596:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5579:
5575:
5573:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5538:Sajida Talfah
5535:
5533:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5510:
5506:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5473:
5469:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5448:
5447:
5445:
5443:
5439:
5434:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5406:Interrogation
5404:
5402:
5399:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5356:
5355:Iran–Iraq War
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5336:
5332:
5325:
5320:
5318:
5313:
5311:
5306:
5305:
5302:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5273:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5251:War on terror
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5146:Espionage and
5144:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5097:Andrew Thorpe
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4992:Gabriel Kolko
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4957:Fred Halliday
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4942:Lloyd Gardner
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4902:Norman Davies
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4887:John Costello
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4822:Technological
4820:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4763:
4762:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4703:Pro-communist
4701:
4698:
4694:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4630:Organizations
4628:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4444:Eurocommunism
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4348:
4345:
4341:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4274:Domino theory
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4228:South Ossetia
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4191:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4012:8888 Uprising
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3957:Iran–Iraq War
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3922:Falklands War
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3785:NDF Rebellion
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3765:German Autumn
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:Metapolitefsi
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3486:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3421:
3416:
3414:
3413:Prague Spring
3411:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3391:Al-Wadiah War
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3356:12-3 incident
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:Domino theory
2933:
2931:
2930:Petrov Affair
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2807:Madiun Affair
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:Marshall Plan
2765:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2516:United States
2513:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2498:
2493:
2491:
2486:
2484:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2468:
2459:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2397:
2392:
2384:
2382:9780521529006
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2353:
2348:
2340:
2338:9780520921245
2334:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2314:
2313:Makiya, Kanan
2308:
2301:
2296:
2289:
2284:
2277:
2272:
2266:, p. 42.
2265:
2260:
2254:, p. 40.
2253:
2248:
2242:, p. 39.
2241:
2236:
2229:
2224:
2216:
2214:9780520921245
2210:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2190:
2189:Makiya, Kanan
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2169:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2150:Karsh, Efraim
2145:
2138:
2133:
2125:
2123:9780520921245
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2099:
2098:Makiya, Kanan
2093:
2077:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2052:
2047:
2039:
2037:9780520921245
2033:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2013:
2012:Makiya, Kanan
2007:
2000:
1995:
1989:, p. 92.
1988:
1983:
1976:
1971:
1964:
1959:
1952:
1947:
1940:
1935:
1928:
1923:
1917:, p. 99.
1916:
1911:
1904:
1899:
1892:
1887:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1816:
1811:
1804:
1799:
1797:
1788:
1786:9780195333381
1782:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1739:
1737:1-85043-192-2
1733:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1552:Jordan Valley
1549:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1534:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1428:
1425:
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1292:North Rumaila
1289:
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1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1258:(U.K.)-based
1257:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1243:of 1958. The
1242:
1238:
1237:United States
1234:
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1198:
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1189:
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1160:, the future
1159:
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583:
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569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
546:Iran–Iraq War
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
528:
527:
523:
522:
516:
515:
507:
503:
501:
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395:
391:
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371:
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365:
361:
357:
355:
351:
346:
345:Organisations
341:
340:
336:
332:
331:
328:
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324:
320:
316:
315:
305:
302:
301:
296:
293:
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156:
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140:
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132:
126:
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111:
107:
105:
101:
98:Overthrow of
97:
96:
95:
92:
91:
87:
83:
80:
79:
75:
72:
71:
67:
63:
59:
54:
49:
46:
45:Arab Cold War
41:
36:
31:
24:
19:
9111:1968 in Iraq
9032:Pan-Islamism
8910:
8903:
8896:
8796:Ba'ath Party
8673:Ameen Rihani
8533:Jassem Alwan
8528:Michel Aflaq
8443:
8384:Algerian War
8310:Iraqi Revolt
8076:
7851:
7833:
7826:
7766:Anti-Zionism
7379:Armed groups
7323:Popular Army
7301:Paramilitary
7074:Organization
6873:
6608:Muhsen Bilal
6311:Munif Razzaz
6231:Michel Aflaq
6153:Isam al-Qadi
6110:Munif Razzaz
6022:
5978:Michel Aflaq
5962:Munif Razzaz
5957:Michel Aflaq
5848:
5767:Michel Aflaq
5729:Predecessors
5696:
5687:
5627:
5614:
5607:
5600:
5593:
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5360:U.S. support
5344:
5256:Brinkmanship
5148:intelligence
5037:Marius Oprea
4987:Harvey Klehr
4917:Herbert Feis
4907:Willem Drees
4872:Archie Brown
4789:
4777:
4759:
4749:Trybuna Ludu
4747:
4740:
4736:Radio Moscow
4728:
4721:
4714:
4542:Anti-Zionism
4458:
4381:Keynesianism
4369:Conservatism
4233:Transnistria
4213:China-Taiwan
3870:Gera Demands
3743:
3544:
3441:
3419:
3224:El Porteñazo
3118:Congo Crisis
3033:
2968:Algerian War
2951:
2827:Western Bloc
2822:Eastern Bloc
2817:Iron Curtain
2673:
2665:
2657:
2634:
2614:
2606:
2523:Soviet Union
2521:
2514:
2449:
2430:
2424:
2391:
2368:
2359:
2347:
2318:
2307:
2295:
2283:
2271:
2259:
2247:
2235:
2223:
2194:
2153:
2144:
2132:
2103:
2092:
2080:. Retrieved
2046:
2017:
2006:
1994:
1982:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1910:
1898:
1886:
1857:
1853:
1810:
1772:
1766:
1754:
1723:
1700:
1693:Bibliography
1683:Saudi Arabia
1652:
1610:
1587:
1568:
1556:fifth column
1545:
1533:Ba'ath Party
1527:
1512:
1502:Kanan Makiya
1498:
1486:
1463:
1439:
1402:Kanan Makiya
1385:Soviet Union
1377:Persian Gulf
1362:
1342:
1288:oil minister
1222:
1190:
1186:Soviet Union
1091:
1089:
584: /
570:
556:UN sanctions
540:
524:
426:Michel Aflaq
374:Ba'ath Party
308:Jihaz Haneen
157:
127:
122:Belligerents
76:17 July 1968
43:Part of the
18:
8726:Arab Ba'ath
8648:Salah Jadid
8505:Arabization
8352:Six-Day War
8347:Suez Crisis
8293:Arab Revolt
8272:Pan-Arabism
7811:Vanguardism
7786:Pan-Arabism
7416:Snake Party
7202:South Yemen
7033:Imad Khamis
6778:Salim Yasin
6698:Imad Khamis
6673:Salah Jadid
6658:Hilal Hilal
6653:Salim Hatum
6618:Ahmad Diyab
6543:Tahir Yahya
6301:Salah Jadid
6281:Elias Farah
6158:Rakad Salem
6132:Assem Qanso
5736:Arab Ba'ath
5562:Daughters:
5478:Blood Quran
5082:Shen Zhihua
4892:Michael Cox
4824:competition
4771:Pro-Western
4761:Soviet Life
4687:Safari Club
4657:Warsaw Pact
4512:Nationalism
4502:Imperialism
4401:Reaganomics
4264:Containment
4057:Perestroika
3546:Realpolitik
3376:Six-Day War
3361:Greek junta
3172:Berlin Wall
3020:Suez Crisis
2988:Vietnam War
2875:McCarthyism
2690:Baruch Plan
2635:Unthinkable
2595:Dekemvriana
2534:Warsaw Pact
2396:Gibson 2015
2352:Gibson 2015
2327:. pp.
2300:Gibson 2015
2288:Gibson 2015
2276:Gibson 2015
2264:Kienle 1991
2252:Kienle 1991
2240:Kienle 1991
2228:Gibson 2015
2203:. pp.
2158:Grove Press
2137:Gibson 2015
2112:. pp.
2051:Gibson 2015
2026:. pp.
1999:Gibson 2015
1987:Gibson 2015
1975:Gibson 2015
1963:Gibson 2015
1951:Gibson 2015
1939:Gibson 2015
1927:Gibson 2015
1915:Gibson 2015
1903:Gibson 2015
1891:Gibson 2015
1864:: 235–253.
1815:Gibson 2015
1803:Gibson 2015
1759:Gibson 2015
1728:I.B. Tauris
1411:Tahir Yahya
1389:Uri Lubrani
1312:Six-Day War
1170:Six-Day War
1138:Tahir Yahya
1022:Pan-Arabism
984:2002–
971:1970–
958:1966–
451:Salah Jadid
398:1966–
354:Arab Ba'ath
225:Tahir Yahya
104:Tahir Yahya
9080:Categories
8890:Literature
8583:Tariq Aziz
8500:Arab world
8495:Arab Union
8424:Dhofar War
7820:Literature
7806:Secularism
7694:in Lebanon
7247:Newspapers
7192:Mauritania
7146:Mauritania
7013:Adel Safar
6413:Tariq Aziz
6023:(de facto)
5933:Leadership
5842:Post-split
5609:South Park
5487:Propaganda
4850:Historians
4841:Space Race
4742:Rudé právo
4696:Propaganda
4552:Neo-Nazism
4522:Chauvinism
4476:Trotskyism
4391:Monetarism
4359:Liberalism
4351:Capitalism
4343:Ideologies
4294:Ostpolitik
4017:Solidarity
3982:Toyota War
3885:Solidarity
3742:Operation
3697:Ogaden War
3386:Dhofar War
3274:Shifta War
3032:Operation
2880:Korean War
2672:Operation
2664:Operation
2656:Operation
2633:Operation
2613:Operation
2605:Operation
1746:References
1648:March 1975
1621:Gulbenkian
1396:'s failed
1225:Presidency
1223:Under the
1219:Background
790:Mauritania
489:Literature
188:Iraqi Navy
183:Iraqi Army
62:Presidency
9121:Ba'athism
8923:Symbolism
8267:Nasserism
8262:Ba'athism
7845:Symbolism
7801:Saddamism
7781:Ba'athism
7264:Al-Thawra
7254:Al-Ba'ath
7197:Palestine
7151:Palestine
6874:(interim)
6146:Palestine
5950:Pre-split
5871:Arab Belt
5781:Pre-split
5421:reactions
5416:Execution
5338:Biography
5137:Ken Young
4982:Tony Judt
4831:Arms race
4804:Red Scare
4672:NN States
4617:Apartheid
4572:Autocracy
4481:Stalinism
4449:Guevarism
4439:Castroism
4429:Communism
4421:Socialism
3947:Star Wars
3540:Koza riot
2666:Beleaguer
2658:Masterdom
2444:from the
2419:from the
1878:157328042
1862:Routledge
1481:Aftermath
1383:with the
1338:Dean Rusk
1280:Az Zubair
1268:Nasserist
1166:Nasserist
1128:President
1105:romanized
1027:Saddamism
1017:Nasserism
907:pro-Syria
886:pro-Syria
865:pro-Syria
844:pro-Syria
823:pro-Syria
811:Palestine
802:pro-Syria
765:pro-Syria
728:pro-Syria
707:pro-Syria
686:pro-Syria
665:pro-Syria
644:pro-Syria
327:Ba'athism
9065:Category
9007:Islamism
8716:Al-Fatat
8483:Concepts
8250:Ideology
7754:Ideology
7557:Ahd Bloc
5760:Founders
5394:timeline
5372:Gulf War
5289:Timeline
5279:Category
5224:See also
4716:Izvestia
4557:Islamism
4454:Hoxhaism
4329:Rollback
4208:Abkhazia
4148:Gulf War
4052:Glasnost
3422:incident
3192:Sand War
3050:Ifni War
2559:Rio Pact
2504:Cold War
2367:(2002).
2315:(1998).
2191:(1998).
2100:(1998).
2014:(1998).
1570:Al-Ahram
1436:The coup
1406:Ba'thism
1381:Cold War
1373:Egyptian
1365:the Shah
1262:(IPC)'s
1193:invasion
902:pro-Iraq
881:pro-Iraq
860:pro-Iraq
839:pro-Iraq
818:pro-Iraq
797:pro-Iraq
781:pro-Iraq
760:pro-Iraq
744:pro-Iraq
723:pro-Iraq
702:pro-Iraq
681:pro-Iraq
660:pro-Iraq
639:pro-Iraq
561:Iraq War
551:Gulf War
319:a series
317:Part of
81:Location
8711:Al-Awda
8286:History
7682:Unified
7677:Bakdash
7504:Current
7468:Al-Awda
7222:History
7187:Lebanon
7161:Tunisia
7136:Lebanon
7109:Bahrain
7104:Algeria
6219:of the
6216:Members
6125:Lebanon
5864:Members
5717:History
5536:Wives:
5401:Capture
4779:Amerika
4662:Comecon
4547:Fascism
4537:Zionism
4486:Titoism
4027:Contras
3495:Détente
2772:Comecon
2116:, 314.
2030:, 314.
1669:of the
1594:of us.—
1592:Allende
1431:History
1349:Belgian
1276:Kurdish
1144:of the
1107::
986:present
973:present
960:present
874:Tunisia
753:Lebanon
653:Bahrain
632:Algeria
519:History
400:present
64:in 1968
7550:Former
7182:Jordan
7131:Jordan
6098:Jordan
5570:, and
5568:Raghad
5552:Sons:
5532:Barzan
5530:, and
5528:Sabawi
5524:Watban
5509:Family
4730:Pravda
4532:Racism
4471:Maoism
4223:Kosovo
3744:Condor
3420:Pueblo
3406:May 68
3034:Gladio
2952:Tuapse
2615:Jungle
2607:Priboi
2379:
2335:
2211:
2164:
2120:
2082:21 May
2034:
1876:
1783:
1734:
1711:
1687:Kuwait
1685:, and
1661:after
1617:French
1548:Jordan
1530:ruling
1472:, and
1466:Beirut
1424:Amarah
1419:France
1358:Israel
1284:Kirkuk
1178:Israel
1156:, and
1096:Arabic
737:Kuwait
716:Jordan
414:People
93:Result
8811:Fatah
7652:Sawab
7332:Youth
7294:Wings
7234:Yemen
7212:Syria
7207:Sudan
7166:Yemen
7156:Sudan
7141:Libya
7114:Egypt
6944:Syria
6842:Syria
6792:Yemen
6559:Syria
6168:Syria
5587:Media
5558:Qusay
5442:Books
5411:Trial
5215:Stasi
4682:SAARC
4677:ASEAN
4642:SEATO
4495:Other
4460:Juche
4218:Korea
4131:1990s
3844:1980s
3488:1970s
3111:1960s
2863:1950s
2573:1940s
2554:NEATO
2549:SEATO
2539:ANZUS
2461:(PDF)
1874:S2CID
1860:(2).
1659:Libya
1523:Syria
1519:Mobil
1322:(UN)
895:Yemen
853:Syria
832:Sudan
774:Libya
674:Egypt
7119:Iraq
6904:Iraq
6817:Iraq
6354:Iraq
6051:Iraq
5572:Hala
5564:Rana
5556:and
5554:Uday
5540:and
4755:TASS
4647:METO
4637:NATO
3863:and
3861:1980
3418:USS
2544:METO
2529:NATO
2450:FRUS
2448:and
2440:and
2431:FRUS
2415:and
2411:See
2377:ISBN
2333:ISBN
2331:–8.
2209:ISBN
2162:ISBN
2118:ISBN
2084:2020
2032:ISBN
1781:ISBN
1732:ISBN
1709:ISBN
1679:OPEC
1619:and
1576:1963
1448:and
1369:Iran
1282:and
1133:and
1116:Iraq
1090:The
695:Iraq
582:1963
102:and
86:Iraq
73:Date
5210:KGB
5205:MVD
5190:MI6
5185:MI5
5180:CIA
4652:EEC
2423:'s
1866:doi
1657:'s
1638:'s
1600:IPC
1367:'s
1227:of
9082::
5566:,
5526:,
2371:.
2323:.
2205:50
2199:.
2176:^
2156:.
2114:48
2108:.
2058:^
2028:47
2022:.
1872:.
1858:28
1856:.
1852:.
1822:^
1795:^
1775:.
1730:.
1726:.
1707:.
1703:.
1333:,
1326:,
1306:,
1188:.
1152:,
1122:,
1102:,
1098::
321:on
8235:e
8228:t
8221:v
7901:e
7894:t
7887:v
7040:*
6883:*
6202:*
6160:*
6117:*
6090:*
6032:*
5995:*
5667:e
5660:t
5653:v
5323:e
5316:t
5309:v
4023:)
4019:(
3028:"
3024:"
3001:"
2997:"
2496:e
2489:t
2482:v
2463:.
2452:.
2429:(
2385:.
2341:.
2329:7
2217:.
2170:.
2126:.
2086:.
2040:.
1880:.
1868::
1789:.
1740:.
1717:.
1508:.
1500:—
1094:(
1079:e
1072:t
1065:v
32:.
25:.
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