2875:
Ethnic nationalism may be interpreted narrowly, as involving an emphasis on descent. In this case, Brubaker argues, there is very little ethnic nationalism around, since on this view an emphasis on common culture has to be coded as a species of civic nationalism. If, however, ethnic nationalism is interpreted broadly, as ethnocultural, while civic nationalism is interpreted narrowly, as involving a cultural conception of citizenship, the problem is the opposite: 'civic nationalism gets defined out of existence, and virtually all nationalisms would be coded as ethnic or cultural'. Even the paradigmatic cases of civic nationalism, France and
America, would cease to count as civic nationalism, since they have a crucial cultural component.
3841:
2429:
752:
2417:
816:
2609:
2703:" of the nation as a "daily referendum" characterized by the "will to live together". Some authors criticize that definition used by Renan, based on a "daily referendum", because of the ambiguity of the concept and its idealization. They argue that the arguments used by Renan at the conference "What is a Nation?" are not consistent with his thinking. Civic-national ideals influenced the development of
2851:
has argued that the differences between ethnic and civic nationalism are blurred. She posits: "By waving the civic flag, Western democracies pretend to be more peaceful and inclusive than they really are, fostering a self-image that allows them to exonerate themselves, leaving them unprepared to deal
2885:
Following
Brubaker, John Etherington demonstrates how civic nationalism inevitably involves an underlying ethnic concept of national belonging. Because supposed civic values are abstract, universal and thus open to all, "they cannot be related to a specific place – the national homeland. Thus, any
2874:
Since all nations lay claim to a unique place in history and to certain boundaries, all national identities are exclusionary. In that sense, all nations are ethnic nations
Brubaker elaborates on this, claiming that there are two different ways of mapping culture onto the ethnic-civic distinction.
2541:" defines itself not by culture but by political institutions and liberal principles, which its citizens pledge to uphold. Membership in the civic nation is open to every person by citizenship, regardless of culture or ethnicity; those who share these values are considered members of the nation.
2863:. Yack rejects Renan's notion of "voluntary" civic nationality as an illusion, arguing this "misrepresents political reality as surely as the ethnonationalist myths it is designed to combat", going on to state how cultural memories form an inseparable part of every national political identity.
2755:, which advocate independence of their respective nations from the United Kingdom, proclaim themselves to be civic nationalist parties, in which they advocate the independence and popular sovereignty of the people living in their nation's society, not individual ethnic groups.
2793:. It highlights both communities' common culture, heritage and traditions as well as economic, political, and social rights. It also supports the reunification of Cyprus and the end of foreign interference by
1995:
2691:
4433:
687:
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civic conception of the nation is dependent on a prior ethnic conception because of the need to establish who belongs to the nation and its homeland and who does not".
2595:. Some argue civic nationalism inevitably involves an underlying ethnic concept of national belonging because abstract values cannot be related to a specific place.
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by saying that individuals need it as a partial shared aspect of their identity (an upper identity) in order to lead meaningful, autonomous lives and that
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2563:. According to the American professor Donald Ipperciel, civic nationalism historically was a determining factor in the development of modern
1784:
1754:
782:
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1836:
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Tournier-Sol, Karine (2015). "Reworking the
Eurosceptic and Conservative Traditions into a Populist Narrative: UKIP's Winning Formula?".
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2129:
1990:
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1933:
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1958:
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17:
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5267:
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3751:Özkırımlı, Umut. (2005). Contemporary Debates on Nationalism: A Critical Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
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2015:
1953:
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state need not assimilate into the host culture but only accept the principles of the country's constitution (
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2579:. Indeed, the 20th-century revival of civic nationalism played a key role in the ideological war against
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In theory, a civic nation or state does not aim to promote one culture over another. German philosopher
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Fear, Anxiety, and
National Identity Immigration and Belonging in North America and Western Europe
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states, "civic" nations can be as intolerant and cruel as the so-called "ethnic" nations, citing
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The distinction between ethnic and civic nationalism has also been criticized by scholars like
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is giving a civic definition of the
Corsican nation ("destiny community") in the continuity of
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Nations
Against the State The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland
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Fenians, Freedmen, and
Southern Whites: Race and Nationality in the Era of Reconstruction
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2880:
Umut Özkırımlı, Contemporary
Debates on Nationalism: A Critical Introduction, pp.24-5
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82:
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27:
Form of nationalism espousing freedom, tolerance, equality and individual rights
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forms of government, whereas ethnic nationalism has been more associated with
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5985:
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3015:
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2500:
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1501:
1481:
1361:
1286:
1198:
1061:
877:
597:
488:
127:
107:
102:
3196:
Ipperciel, Donald (2007). "Constitutional democracy and civic nationalism".
2951:, a form of civic nationalism, but can support politically authoritarianism.
6266:
6070:
6045:
5975:
5821:
5651:
5641:
5272:
4841:
4655:
4413:
4328:
3923:
3679:"Not So Civic: Is There a Difference Between Ethnic and Civic Nationalism?"
3367:"Not So Civic: Is There a Difference Between Ethnic and Civic Nationalism?"
2900:
2856:
2678:
2576:
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2391:
1724:
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1629:
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55:
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751:
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6183:
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2347:
2313:
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1978:
1491:
1281:
1256:
1163:
1016:
996:
807:
736:
704:
657:
316:
185:
175:
165:
3105:"Does Liberal Democracy Presuppose a Cultural Nation? Four Arguments."
5761:
4930:
4240:
4147:
2682:
2568:
2508:
2416:
2214:
1416:
936:
617:
2637:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
6227:
6200:
5616:
5409:
5277:
4809:
4670:
4388:
4211:
2588:
2352:
2325:
2229:
2020:
1271:
1114:
731:
714:
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3133:
2530:" is a branch of civic nationalism, but it can also be illiberal.
5806:
4623:
4557:
4247:
4167:
2699:
is considered voluntary, as in Renan's classical definition in "
1461:
1067:
1001:
466:
393:
5441:
4687:
4194:
2809:
2798:
2794:
2712:
2696:
2681:
is often thought to be an early civic nationalist. Philosopher
2580:
2511:
1131:
699:
481:
476:
64:
3853:
3091:
Miller, David. 1995. On Nationality. Oxford University Press.
2840:, understood as shared experience and dedication by citizens.
2692:
The Idea of Nationalism: A Study in Its Origins and Background
4461:
3763:"Nationalism, Exclusion and Violence: A Territorial Approach"
3518:
3309:"Nationalism, Exclusion and Violence: A Territorial Approach"
3156:
2785:, a civic nationalism that focuses on the shared identity of
2685:
was one of the first to differentiate civic nationalism from
2533:
Civic nationhood is a political identity built around shared
3280:
Contemporary Debates on Nationalism: A Critical Introduction
3130:
Glenn Drover; Graham Johnson; Julia Lai Po-Wah Tao (2001).
2733:
3577:"Els valors republicans com a pilar de la nostra societat"
3112:
Liberal Nationalist versus Postnational Social Integration
3544:
3542:
3240:
3539:
3212:
Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism
2522:
is used in the same sense as 'civic nationalism', but
3177:
ANNA STILZ. "Civic Nationalism and Language Policy".
2673:, but as a form of nationalism it is contrasted with
3622:
6102:
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
3491:
2722:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1760:
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
2836:, which is German for "nation by will", coined by
6302:
3074:"The Autonomy Argument for Liberal Nationalism."
2665:Civic nationalism lies within the traditions of
2591:techniques of persecution that were utilized by
2559:Civic nationalism is frequently contrasted with
3519:Trevor C. Salmon; Mark F. Imber (6 June 2008).
3512:
3485:
3457:
2816:in the United States during the Civil War Era.
2503:. Civic nationalists often defend the value of
3649:
2483:that adheres to traditional liberal values of
6127:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties
6097:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
4477:
3869:
2453:
1785:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties
1755:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
776:
3803:
3616:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3760:
3306:
2774:and civic values within a diverse society.
4484:
4470:
3876:
3862:
3623:Colin Hay; Anand Menon (18 January 2007).
3355:, Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 11.
3072:. For criticism, see: Patten, Alan. 1999.
2460:
2446:
783:
769:
6132:International Federation of Liberal Youth
3694:
3555:. Harvard University Press. p. 134.
3382:
3274:
3195:
3165:
3110:96 (3): 495-509; Abizadeh, Arash. 2004. "
2819:Civic nationalism shares elements of the
2717:United States Declaration of Independence
2653:Learn how and when to remove this message
1790:International Federation of Liberal Youth
3592:"Cypriotism in the Twenty-First Century"
3548:
3157:Mark Hewitson; Timothy Baycroft (2001).
2812:, it has also been used to describe the
6112:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats
3716:
3714:
3589:
1770:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats
14:
6303:
3525:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 50–.
3176:
4465:
3857:
3696:10.1146/annurev-polisci-022018-024059
3676:
3405:
3384:10.1146/annurev-polisci-022018-024059
3364:
3123:
2972:Liberal Nationalism in Central Europe
3767:Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism
3720:
3711:
3656:. Louisiana State University Press.
3314:Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism
2968:
2602:
6152:Liberal South East European Network
3159:What Is a Nation?; Europe 1789-1914
2962:
1810:Liberal South East European Network
24:
3779:10.1111/j.1754-9469.2007.tb00160.x
3683:Annual Review of Political Science
3371:Annual Review of Political Science
3365:Tamir, Yael (Yuli) (11 May 2019).
3327:10.1111/j.1754-9469.2007.tb00160.x
25:
6377:
6142:Liberal Network for Latin America
4303:List of nationalist organizations
3847:when in Rome, do as the Romans do
3833:
3522:Issues In International Relations
3498:. Pearson/Longman. pp. 92–.
3108:American Political Science Review
1800:Liberal Network for Latin America
1233:(contributions to liberal theory)
532:List of nationalist organizations
3839:
3806:Journal of Common Market Studies
3590:Aldrich, Alan (17 August 2018).
3220:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2007.00293.x
2607:
2548:has argued that immigrants to a
2427:
2415:
814:
750:
3883:
3754:
3745:
3670:
3643:
3583:
3569:
3495:Devolution and British Politics
3451:
3428:
3406:Renan, Ernest (11 March 1882).
3399:
3358:
3341:
3300:
3268:
3179:Philosophy & Public Affairs
4730:Separation of church and state
4491:
4374:Historiography and nationalism
3723:"The myth of the civic nation"
3234:
3189:
3150:
3085:
3054:
2996:
2732:movement organized around the
1174:Separation of church and state
623:Historiography and nationalism
73:Nationalism in the Middle Ages
13:
1:
6356:Political science terminology
4074:Palingenetic ultranationalism
3844:The dictionary definition of
3136:. Nova Science. p. 101.
715:Seasonal or cultural festival
3006:Princeton University Press.
2955:
2843:
2760:Republican Left of Catalonia
7:
3677:Tamir, Yael (Yuli) (2019).
3629:. OUP Oxford. p. 125.
3064:. Oxford University Press.
2889:
2633:the claims made and adding
2537:within the state. Thus, a "
558:Anti-globalization movement
10:
6382:
4434:Principle of nationalities
3797:
3761:Etherington, John (2007).
3600:. Scotland. Archived from
3307:Etherington, John (2007).
3161:. OUP Oxford. p. 180.
3020:Multicultural Citizenship.
2852:with internal conflicts".
2695:. Membership of the civic
2598:
2524:liberal ethnic nationalism
688:Principle of nationalities
29:
6287:
6272:Sexually liberal feminism
6179:Bias in American academia
6159:
6117:European Democratic Party
6085:
5867:
5587:
5555:
5507:
5420:
5171:
5095:
5054:
5045:
4952:Constitutional patriotism
4939:
4887:
4859:
4779:
4772:
4501:
4324:Anarchism and nationalism
4316:
4295:
4253:List of fascist movements
4034:Constitutional patriotism
3967:
3891:
3739:10.1080/08913819608443417
3549:Brubaker, Rogers (2004).
3439:Historia, arraza, nazioa
3353:The Limits of Nationalism
3351:", 1882; cf. Chaim Gans,
3062:Multicultural Citizenship
3043:Oxford University Press.
3022:Oxford University Press.
2707:in countries such as the
2554:constitutional patriotism
2397:Sexually liberal feminism
2304:Bias in American academia
1775:European Democratic Party
1231:List of liberal theorists
265:Constitutional patriotism
32:Constitutional patriotism
4612:Labor theory of property
3552:Ethnicity Without Groups
3492:Michael O'Neill (2004).
3282:(1st ed.). London:
2975:. Routledge. p. 5.
2705:representative democracy
2701:Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?
2689:in his 1944 publication
1056:Labor theory of property
30:Not to be confused with
6107:Arab Liberal Federation
4989:Neoclassical liberalism
4511:Consent of the governed
3650:Snay, Mitchell (2007).
3252:Russell Sage Foundation
3244:; Patric Simon (2015).
3199:Nations and Nationalism
3117:Nations and Nationalism
3078:Nations and Nationalism
2781:define its ideology as
2749:Scottish National Party
1765:Arab Liberal Federation
955:Consent of the governed
6346:Pluralism (philosophy)
6122:European Liberal Youth
6092:Africa Liberal Network
4531:Economic globalization
4369:Gender and nationalism
3721:Yack, Bernard (1996).
3099:. For criticism, see:
3060:Kymlicka, Will. 1995.
3030:; David Miller. 1995.
2944:Postcolonial anarchism
2896:Americanism (ideology)
2883:
2764:Catalan independentism
2518:to function properly.
2499:, and is not based on
2477:democratic nationalism
1780:European Liberal Youth
1750:Africa Liberal Network
975:Economic globalization
613:Gender and nationalism
6169:Anti-authoritarianism
6137:Liberal International
4399:National indifference
2969:Auer, Stefan (2004).
2906:Composite nationalism
2872:
2740:and the ideas of the
2593:20th-century fascists
2475:, otherwise known as
2422:Liberalism portal
2294:Anti-authoritarianism
1795:Liberal International
663:National indifference
6351:Political philosophy
6331:Immigration activism
4999:Right-libertarianism
4869:Liberal conservatism
4735:Separation of powers
4344:Cultural nationalism
4236:National syndicalist
3004:Liberal Nationalism.
2911:Cultural nationalism
2870:, Özkırımlı argues:
2730:Corsican nationalist
1226:Age of Enlightenment
1179:Separation of powers
588:Cultural nationalism
457:National syndicalist
6341:National liberalism
4994:Paleolibertarianism
4979:Left-libertarianism
4693:Civil and political
4666:Popular sovereignty
4526:Economic liberalism
4419:Nationalism studies
3441:. Donostia, Elkar.
3039:1 June 2000 at the
3002:Tamir, Yael. 1993.
2934:National liberalism
2922:Liberal Nationalism
2783:Cypriot nationalism
2520:Liberal nationalism
2434:Politics portal
1137:Civil and political
1110:Popular sovereignty
970:Economic liberalism
757:Politics portal
710:Right-wing populism
668:Nationalism studies
36:national liberalism
18:Liberal nationalist
5146:Centrist reformist
4661:Permissive society
4641:Limited government
3818:10.1111/jcms.12208
3469:Palgrave Macmillan
3408:"What Is A Nation"
3286:. pp. 27–28.
2916:Imagined community
2687:ethnic nationalism
2675:ethnic nationalism
2618:possibly contains
2573:authoritarian rule
2561:ethnic nationalism
2550:liberal-democratic
2526:also exists, and "
1105:Permissive society
1085:Limited government
628:Imagined community
462:National Bolshevik
181:Self-determination
6366:Social ideologies
6326:Cultural politics
6298:
6297:
6291:Liberalism Portal
6184:Bias in the media
5583:
5582:
5422:Latin America and
5041:
5040:
4984:Geolibertarianism
4914:Liberal socialism
4825:Civic nationalism
4698:Natural and legal
4459:
4458:
4404:National question
4364:Gastronationalism
4349:Diaspora politics
4339:Banal nationalism
4308:Nationalist Clubs
3636:978-0-19-928428-3
3626:European Politics
3604:on 21 August 2018
3532:978-0-203-92659-8
3505:978-0-582-47274-7
3447:978-84-9027-297-8
3349:What is a Nation?
3210:on behalf of the
3143:978-1-56072-872-6
2949:State nationalism
2779:Union of Cypriots
2762:supports a civic
2719:of 1776, and the
2663:
2662:
2655:
2620:original research
2528:state nationalism
2516:national identity
2505:national identity
2497:individual rights
2473:Civic nationalism
2470:
2469:
2309:Bias in the media
1825:Regional variants
1142:Natural and legal
793:
792:
608:Gastronationalism
593:Diaspora politics
568:Banal nationalism
16:(Redirected from
6373:
6316:Communitarianism
6213:Economic freedom
6206:Radical centrism
5052:
5051:
5006:Radical centrism
4919:Social democracy
4902:Liberal feminism
4777:
4776:
4725:Secular humanism
4651:Natural monopoly
4602:Internationalism
4496:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4463:
4462:
4442:
4429:Plurinationalism
4409:National revival
4379:Internationalism
4334:Anti-nationalism
4317:Related concepts
3878:
3871:
3864:
3855:
3854:
3843:
3829:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3758:
3752:
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3121:
3089:
3083:
3058:
3052:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2966:
2939:Plurinationalism
2881:
2834:
2814:Republican Party
2791:Turkish Cypriots
2768:Catalan Republic
2658:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2638:
2635:inline citations
2611:
2610:
2603:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2432:
2431:
2420:
2419:
2338:Economic freedom
2331:Radical centrism
1169:Secular humanism
1095:Natural monopoly
1046:Internationalism
863:Internationalist
818:
795:
794:
785:
778:
771:
755:
754:
696:
678:Plurinationalism
638:Internationalism
578:Communitarianism
563:Anti-imperialism
553:Anti-nationalism
542:Related concepts
43:
42:
21:
6381:
6380:
6376:
6375:
6374:
6372:
6371:
6370:
6321:Cosmopolitanism
6301:
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6294:
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6281:
6155:
6147:Liberal parties
6081:
6080:
6079:
5863:
5862:
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5579:
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5167:
5091:
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4805:Equity feminism
4768:
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4762:State of nature
4750:Social services
4740:Social contract
4703:To own property
4497:
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4394:Nation-building
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3727:Critical Review
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3597:Bella Caledonia
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3459:Michael Keating
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3435:Azurmendi, Joxe
3433:
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3410:
3404:
3400:
3363:
3359:
3347:Ernest Renan. "
3346:
3342:
3331:
3329:
3305:
3301:
3294:
3284:Red Globe Press
3276:Özkırımlı, Umut
3273:
3269:
3262:
3239:
3235:
3208:Wiley-Blackwell
3194:
3190:
3175:
3166:
3155:
3151:
3144:
3128:
3124:
3120:10(3): 231-250.
3101:Abizadeh, Arash
3090:
3086:
3059:
3055:
3041:Wayback Machine
3033:On Nationality.
3001:
2997:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2967:
2963:
2958:
2929:Nation-building
2892:
2882:
2879:
2868:Rogers Brubaker
2846:
2828:
2659:
2648:
2642:
2639:
2624:
2612:
2608:
2601:
2546:JĂĽrgen Habermas
2479:, is a form of
2466:
2426:
2414:
2407:
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2289:
2281:
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2083:North Macedonia
1827:
1817:
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1805:Liberal parties
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1206:State of nature
1194:Social services
1184:Social contract
1147:To own property
950:
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789:
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583:Cosmopolitanism
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6323:
6318:
6313:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6288:
6285:
6284:
6280:
6279:
6277:Utilitarianism
6274:
6269:
6264:
6263:
6262:
6257:
6250:Libertarianism
6247:
6245:Land value tax
6242:
6241:
6240:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6218:Egalitarianism
6215:
6210:
6209:
6208:
6198:
6197:
6196:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6174:Anti-communism
6171:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6161:
6160:Related topics
6157:
6156:
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6149:
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5682:Wollstonecraft
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5380:United Kingdom
5377:
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4974:Libertarianism
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4955:
4954:
4947:Constitutional
4943:
4941:
4937:
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4909:
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4885:
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4871:
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4863:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4852:Encyclopaedist
4849:
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4745:Social justice
4742:
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4700:
4695:
4685:
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4646:Market economy
4643:
4638:
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4609:
4607:Invisible hand
4604:
4599:
4597:Harm principle
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4451:State-building
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4406:
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4396:
4391:
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4359:Exceptionalism
4356:
4354:Eliminationism
4351:
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4341:
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3834:External links
3832:
3831:
3830:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3753:
3744:
3733:(2): 193–211.
3710:
3689:(1): 419–434.
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3377:(1): 419–434.
3357:
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3254:. p. 38.
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2861:Umut Özkırımlı
2845:
2842:
2803:United Kingdom
2787:Greek Cypriots
2766:and defends a
2738:Pasquale Paoli
2661:
2660:
2615:
2613:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2589:French Jacobin
2585:Umut Özkırımlı
2583:. However, as
2565:constitutional
2468:
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2450:
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2402:Utilitarianism
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2375:Libertarianism
2372:
2370:Land value tax
2367:
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2343:Egalitarianism
2340:
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2299:Anti-communism
2296:
2290:
2288:Related topics
2287:
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2278:
2273:
2268:
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2256:
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2254:
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2242:Arizona School
2234:
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2217:
2210:United Kingdom
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
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1787:
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1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
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1733:
1732:
1727:
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1707:
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1597:
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1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1337:Wollstonecraft
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1189:Social justice
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1090:Market economy
1087:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1065:
1058:
1053:
1051:Invisible hand
1048:
1043:
1041:Harm principle
1038:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1014:
999:
994:
993:
992:
987:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
951:
948:
947:
944:
943:
940:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
918:
917:
912:
907:
906:
905:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
854:
853:
843:
838:
833:
827:
824:
823:
820:
819:
811:
810:
804:
803:
791:
790:
788:
787:
780:
773:
765:
762:
761:
760:
759:
744:
743:
740:
739:
734:
729:
728:
727:
725:in Catholicism
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
573:Civil religion
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
544:
541:
540:
537:
536:
530:
527:
526:
523:
522:
519:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
492:
491:
486:
485:
484:
479:
474:
464:
459:
449:
444:
443:
442:
437:
432:
431:
430:
420:
419:
418:
413:
398:
397:
396:
391:
386:
381:
380:
379:
369:
364:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
298:
297:
295:Ethnopluralism
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
256:
255:
250:
245:
235:
234:
233:
223:
218:
213:
208:
202:
197:
196:
193:
192:
189:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
162:
159:
158:
155:
154:
151:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
69:
63:
62:
59:
58:
52:
51:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6378:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6308:
6306:
6292:
6289:
6286:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6252:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6234:
6233:Individualism
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6207:
6204:
6203:
6202:
6199:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
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6172:
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6150:
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6145:
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6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6086:Organisations
6084:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5576:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5565:
5564:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5554:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5520:United States
5518:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5508:North America
5506:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5424:the Caribbean
5419:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5044:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4969:International
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4926:Progressivism
4924:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4862:
4858:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4820:Anti-clerical
4818:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4771:
4763:
4760:
4756:
4755:Welfare state
4753:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4619:
4618:Laissez-faire
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4495:
4487:
4482:
4480:
4475:
4473:
4468:
4467:
4464:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4440:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4296:Organizations
4294:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4267:Technological
4265:
4263:
4260:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4246:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4231:Ethnocacerism
4229:
4228:
4227:
4226:Revolutionary
4224:
4222:
4219:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3879:
3874:
3872:
3867:
3865:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3850:at Wiktionary
3849:
3848:
3842:
3838:
3837:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3812:(1): 140–56.
3811:
3807:
3802:
3801:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3757:
3748:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3717:
3715:
3706:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3673:
3665:
3663:9780807132739
3659:
3655:
3654:
3646:
3638:
3632:
3628:
3627:
3619:
3603:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3586:
3579:(in Catalan).
3578:
3572:
3564:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3545:
3543:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3515:
3507:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3480:
3478:9780230374348
3474:
3471:. p. 6.
3470:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3431:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3303:
3295:
3293:9780333947739
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3271:
3263:
3261:9781610448536
3257:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3192:
3184:
3180:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3160:
3153:
3145:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3126:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3097:0-19-828047-5
3094:
3088:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3070:0-19-827949-3
3067:
3063:
3057:
3050:
3049:0-19-828047-5
3046:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3028:0-19-827949-3
3025:
3021:
3017:
3016:Will Kymlicka
3013:
3012:0-691-07893-9
3009:
3005:
2999:
2984:
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2826:Willensnation
2822:
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2811:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2773:
2772:republicanism
2769:
2765:
2761:
2756:
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2709:United States
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2616:This section
2614:
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2521:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2501:ethnocentrism
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
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2449:
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2361:
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2358:Individualism
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2237:United States
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2041:
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2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
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1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
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1937:
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1932:
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1927:
1925:
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1848:
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1837:Latin America
1835:
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1742:Organizations
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1204:
1200:
1199:Welfare state
1197:
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1187:
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1088:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1062:Laissez-faire
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1030:
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631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
598:Ethnocentrism
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
545:
539:
538:
533:
528:Organizations
525:
524:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
501:Technological
499:
497:
494:
490:
489:Ethnocacerism
487:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
469:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
454:
453:
452:Revolutionary
450:
448:
445:
441:
438:
436:
433:
429:
426:
425:
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421:
417:
414:
412:
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328:
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149:
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126:
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119:
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94:
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84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
70:
66:
61:
60:
57:
54:
53:
49:
45:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
6267:Pirate Party
5996:Lloyd George
5588:Philosophers
5530:Jeffersonian
5273:Berlusconism
5139:
5077:South Africa
4861:Conservative
4847:Physiocratic
4824:
4708:To bear arms
4656:Open society
4616:
4414:Nation state
4329:Anationalism
4069:Expansionist
4006:
3846:
3809:
3805:
3782:. Retrieved
3773:(3): 24–44.
3770:
3766:
3756:
3747:
3730:
3726:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3652:
3645:
3625:
3618:
3606:. Retrieved
3602:the original
3595:
3585:
3571:
3551:
3521:
3514:
3494:
3487:
3463:
3453:
3438:
3430:
3418:. Retrieved
3414:
3401:
3374:
3370:
3360:
3352:
3343:
3330:. Retrieved
3321:(3): 24–44.
3318:
3312:
3302:
3279:
3270:
3246:
3236:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3182:
3178:
3158:
3152:
3132:
3125:
3115:
3107:
3087:
3076:
3061:
3056:
3032:
3019:
3003:
2998:
2986:. Retrieved
2971:
2964:
2921:
2901:Civic virtue
2884:
2873:
2865:
2857:Bernard Yack
2854:
2847:
2824:
2818:
2807:
2776:
2757:
2746:
2727:
2720:
2690:
2679:Ernest Renan
2664:
2649:
2643:January 2017
2640:
2617:
2577:dictatorship
2558:
2543:
2539:civic nation
2532:
2519:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2392:Pirate Party
2252:Jeffersonian
2160:South Africa
1650:Lloyd George
1245:Philosophers
1152:To bear arms
1100:Open society
1060:
836:Conservative
720:Subsidiarity
548:Anationalism
307:Expansionist
237:
171:Independence
40:
6361:Rationalism
6311:Anti-racism
6066:Verhofstadt
6061:Balcerowicz
5868:Politicians
5797:Collingwood
5737:Tocqueville
5612:Montesquieu
5575:New Zealand
5545:Progressive
5535:Libertarian
5390:Libertarian
5385:Gladstonian
5365:Switzerland
5315:Netherlands
5216:Czech lands
5158:Philippines
5151:Progressive
5133:South Korea
4907:Ecofeminism
4835:Utilitarian
4715:Rule of law
4516:Due process
4437: [
4384:Irredentism
4272:Territorial
3892:Development
3885:Nationalism
3784:20 February
3420:29 November
3332:20 February
3242:Nancy Foner
3214:: 395–416.
3082:5(1): 1-17.
2829: [
2823:concept of
2753:Plaid Cymru
2667:rationalism
2535:citizenship
2481:nationalism
2220:Gladstonian
2180:Switzerland
2165:South Korea
2108:Philippines
2068:New Zealand
2063:Netherlands
1720:Verhofstadt
1715:Balcerowicz
1524:Politicians
1452:Collingwood
1392:Tocqueville
1267:Montesquieu
1159:Rule of law
960:Due process
691: [
643:Irredentism
633:Imperialism
506:Territorial
472:Legionarism
160:Core values
56:Nationalism
6336:Liberalism
6305:Categories
6223:Empiricism
6194:Democratic
6189:Capitalism
5525:Jacksonian
5395:Manchester
5310:Montenegro
5295:Luxembourg
4830:Republican
4720:Secularism
4553:Federalism
4494:Liberalism
4446:Revanchism
4103:Linguistic
4049:Ecological
3562:0674015398
2982:1134378602
2849:Yael Tamir
2838:Carl Hilty
2801:, and the
2725:of 1789).
2671:liberalism
2627:improve it
2569:democratic
2509:democratic
2348:Empiricism
2319:Democratic
2314:Capitalism
2225:Manchester
2058:Montenegro
2043:Luxembourg
1979:Venizelism
1909:Costa Rica
1164:Secularism
997:Federalism
949:Principles
808:Liberalism
737:Xenophobia
705:Revanchism
658:Militarism
317:Indigenism
312:Homosexual
280:Ecological
186:Solidarity
176:Patriotism
166:Allegiance
6238:Anarchist
6036:Roosevelt
6006:StĂĄhlberg
6001:Venizelos
5956:Sarmiento
5946:Gladstone
5906:Lamartine
5876:Jefferson
5727:Martineau
5677:De Gouges
5662:Condorcet
5647:Priestley
5563:Australia
5479:Nicaragua
5300:Macedonia
5290:Lithuania
5241:Orléanist
5108:Hong Kong
5047:By region
5016:Christian
5011:Religious
4964:Corporate
4931:Third Way
4781:Classical
4521:Democracy
4277:Terrorism
4241:Falangism
4180:Christian
4175:Religious
4096:Communist
4091:Left-wing
4039:Corporate
4029:Communist
3990:Bourgeois
3980:Anarchist
3826:142738345
3705:1094-2939
3608:21 August
3393:1094-2939
3228:1469-8129
3185:(3): 257.
2956:Citations
2844:Criticism
2770:based on
2715:(see the
2683:Hans Kohn
2631:verifying
2575:and even
2489:tolerance
2363:Anarchist
2271:Venezuela
2247:Classical
2215:Cobdenism
2118:Cracovian
2073:Nicaragua
2038:Lithuania
1897:Hong Kong
1852:Australia
1690:Roosevelt
1660:StĂĄhlberg
1655:Venizelos
1610:Sarmiento
1600:Gladstone
1560:Lamartine
1530:Jefferson
1382:Martineau
1332:De Gouges
1317:Condorcet
1302:Priestley
965:Democracy
937:Third Way
898:Christian
893:Religious
831:Classical
618:Globalism
603:Francoism
406:Christian
401:Religious
327:Left-wing
270:Corporate
260:Communist
221:Bourgeois
211:Anarchist
6228:Humanism
6201:Centrism
6016:Rathenau
5991:Milyukov
5911:Macaulay
5881:Kołłątaj
5852:Kymlicka
5832:Friedman
5777:Cassirer
5767:Hobhouse
5702:Constant
5697:Humboldt
5657:Beccaria
5622:Rousseau
5617:Voltaire
5489:Paraguay
5469:Honduras
5454:Colombia
5410:Whiggist
5400:Muscular
5350:Slovenia
5345:Slovakia
5325:Portugal
5278:Liberism
5201:Bulgaria
5140:Chinilpa
5087:Zimbabwe
4959:Cultural
4874:National
4810:Georgist
4788:Economic
4671:Property
4634:Positive
4629:Negative
4585:Religion
4563:Economic
4536:Equality
4389:Jingoism
4262:Romantic
4221:Resource
4212:Hindutva
4190:Clerico-
4185:Catholic
4128:Populist
4086:Integral
4064:European
4054:Economic
4012:American
3995:Business
3959:Treasure
3934:Language
3929:Identity
3461:(1996).
3437:(2014):
3278:(2005).
3103:. 2002.
3037:Archived
3018:. 1995.
2890:See also
2878:—
2866:Quoting
2808:Outside
2742:Lumières
2512:polities
2493:equality
2353:Humanism
2326:Centrism
2276:Zimbabwe
2230:Whiggism
2190:Thailand
2155:Slovenia
2150:Slovakia
2125:Portugal
2098:Paraguay
2021:Liberism
1986:Honduras
1904:Colombia
1877:Bulgaria
1670:Rathenau
1645:Milyukov
1565:Macaulay
1535:Kołłątaj
1507:Kymlicka
1487:Friedman
1432:Cassirer
1422:Hobhouse
1357:Constant
1352:Humboldt
1312:Beccaria
1277:Rousseau
1272:Voltaire
1115:Property
1078:Positive
1073:Negative
1029:Religion
1007:Economic
980:Equality
903:Catholic
873:National
868:Muscular
846:Feminist
841:Cultural
800:a series
798:Part of
732:Trumpism
673:Nativism
653:Localism
648:Jingoism
496:Romantic
447:Resource
428:Hindutva
416:Clerical
411:Catholic
372:Japanese
331:populism
322:Integral
302:European
285:Economic
243:American
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123:Language
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5961:Mommsen
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2625:Please
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2205:Ukraine
2195:Tunisia
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1996:Iceland
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1939:Ecuador
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1914:Croatia
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3824:
3703:
3660:
3633:
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3502:
3475:
3445:
3391:
3290:
3258:
3226:
3140:
3095:
3068:
3047:
3026:
3010:
2988:13 May
2979:
2924:(book)
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3206:(3).
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