33:
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365:
It is unknown if Leo was the head of the Arab fleet defeated by
Himerios on St. Thomas' Day (6 October, probably in 906), but along with Damian of Tarsus he was in command of the Arab fleet that scored a major victory over Himerios in April 912 off
294:. Both of the latter cities were major Muslim naval centres in the late 9th century, and due to their proximity to the Byzantine Empire functioned as staging areas for the Muslim naval raids.
358:
after a three-day siege on 31 July 904. The sack of the city brought the Muslim fleet enormous booty and many captives who were taken to be sold as slaves, including the eyewitness
317:. In the summer of 904, Leo was at the head of a major Abbasid naval expedition of 54 vessels from the Syrian and Egyptian fleets, whose initial target reportedly was
680:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXVIII: The Return of the Caliphate to Baghdad: The Caliphates of al-Muʿtaḍid, al-Muktafī and al-Muqtadir, A.D. 892–915/A.H. 279–302
362:, who wrote the main account of the city's siege and fall. Arab sources, confusing Thessalonica with Attaleia, erroneously report that Leo sacked the latter city.
2110:
2100:
270:, who met him in person, regarded him as one of the best navigators of his time. In the Arabic sources, he appears with the generic titles of commander (
666:
Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit Online. Berlin-Brandenburgische
Akademie der Wissenschaften. Nach Vorarbeiten F. Winkelmanns erstellt
2347:
3210:
724:
Byzance et les Arabes, Tome II, 1ére partie: Les relations politiques de
Byzance et des Arabes à L'époque de la dynastie macédonienne (867–959)
3200:
2819:
2236:
3230:
236:. In captivity, he converted to Islam, and entered the service of his captors as a seaman and commander. In Arabic sources he is called
3240:
3067:
2450:
339:
3077:
2566:
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2652:
750:
709:
688:
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1018:
313:
and restored it to
Abbasid control. Leo and Damian would frequently co-operate in the next decade in their attacks on the
3215:
1891:
1121:
916:
391:. Most of the Arab fleet was destroyed and Leo himself barely escaped. He disappears from the sources after this event.
2120:
1921:
266:
The details of Leo's early career in the Muslim fleets are unknown, but he seems to have risen quickly: the historian
1035:
781:
629:
3004:
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2130:
1518:
1116:
1058:
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1080:
1063:
3205:
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2362:
2357:
2330:
2190:
1508:
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620:
252:
247:, "servant/page of Zurafa", probably reflecting the name of his first Muslim master. He is also referred to as
1896:
2905:
2543:
2377:
2372:
2249:
2241:
2210:
1901:
1603:
350:, but Leo of Tripoli forestalled the Byzantines, turning back west and heading for the Empire's second city,
727:
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1181:
1075:
816:
639:
Khoury
Odetallah, Rashad (1995). "Leo Tripolites – Ghulām Zurāfa and the Sack of Thessaloniki in 904".
355:
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1886:
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1982:
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683:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
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2010:
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2017:
1989:
1947:
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136:
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1975:
1961:
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938:
891:
351:
209:
1683:
734:. Brussels: Éditions de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales.
2937:
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2762:
1748:
1678:
1473:
1453:
1403:
1318:
1308:
1085:
664:
322:
224:
Nothing is known of Leo's early life except that he was born in or near
3034:
2968:
2732:
2592:
2512:
2455:
2175:
1856:
1818:
1783:
1578:
1398:
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267:
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1996:
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376:
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1573:
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1428:
1313:
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370:, while he was returning from a fruitless attempt to reconquer the
310:
286:
272:
260:
225:
2031:
1638:
973:
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302:
80:
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2927:
1906:
1788:
1273:
968:
943:
790:
537:
442:
388:
242:
185:
170:
84:
2047:
624:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1216.
16:
10th-century Greek-born naval officer of the
Abbasid Caliphate
2757:
1773:
1713:
1156:
983:
425:
367:
306:
1358:
663:; Ludwig, Claudia; Pratsch, Thomas; Zielke, Beate (2013).
566:
564:
759:
742:
John
Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057
513:
561:
501:
204:
in the early tenth century. He is most notable for his
588:
576:
549:
413:
701:The Reign of Leo VI (886–912): Politics and People
232:, and was captured in an Arab raid and brought to
374:. Finally, in 921/2, the imperial navy under the
297:In early 904, along with another Greek renegade,
259:in his second Arabic name to mean that Leo was a
3182:
638:
543:
531:
495:
483:
436:
474:, Leon (von Tripolis) bzw. Tripolites (#24397).
775:
2820:Jim Hawkins and the Curse of Treasure Island
191:
178:
669:(in German). Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter.
782:
768:
37:The sack of Thessalonica in 904, from the
2451:Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law
745:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
673:
507:
346:replaced Argyros with the more energetic
3078:List of ships attacked by Somali pirates
718:
448:
419:
342:was reluctant to confront them. Emperor
738:
697:
610:
594:
582:
570:
555:
519:
3183:
321:itself. The Arab fleet penetrated the
2237:Capture of John "Calico Jack" Rackham
763:
200:renegade and fleet commander for the
2979:International Talk Like a Pirate Day
3201:Converts to Islam from Christianity
284:) of Tripoli, and deputy governor (
192:
179:
52:Lāwī Abū'l-Ḥāriṭ, Rashīq al-Wardāmī
13:
3231:Governors of the Abbasid Caliphate
2046:
621:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
14:
3262:
3241:Admirals of the Abbasid Caliphate
3211:People of the Arab–Byzantine wars
2869:Silver: Return to Treasure Island
3165:
3164:
3152:
3005:A General History of the Pyrates
2827:Castaways of the Flying Dutchman
2348:Operation Enduring Freedom – HOA
659:
471:
69:ghulām Zurāfa, Rashīq al-Wardāmī
31:
2363:Operation Dawn 8: Gulf of Aden
2358:Operation Dawn of Gulf of Aden
2111:Anti-piracy in the West Indies
228:, the capital of the maritime
1:
3236:10th-century Byzantine people
2219:Blockade of Charleston (Vane)
614:(1991). "Leo of Tripoli". In
406:
2792:The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea
2042:Pirate battles and incidents
7:
2191:Battle of the Tiger's Mouth
1674:Rahmah ibn Jabir al-Jalhami
739:Wortley, John, ed. (2010).
394:
10:
3267:
3216:Byzantine prisoners of war
3068:Pirate films and TV series
2508:African Slave Trade Patrol
2076:Action of 11 November 2008
865:Barbary pirates (corsairs)
789:
604:
301:, Leo participated in the
3146:
3096:
3055:
3048:
2996:
2961:
2878:
2776:
2578:
2565:
2557:Trans-Saharan slave trade
2493:
2424:
2156:Battle off Minicoy Island
2131:Battle of Cape Fear River
2101:Anti-piracy in the Aegean
2071:Action of 28 October 2007
2066:Action of 9 November 1822
2041:
1939:
1847:
1211:
1204:
1130:
1094:
1051:
1004:
997:
842:
797:
726:(in French). French ed.:
387:defeated Leo's fleet off
166:
142:
127:
119:
109:
99:
91:
73:
65:
57:
47:
30:
23:
2552:Indian Ocean slave trade
2441:International piracy law
2378:Pirate attacks in Borneo
2250:Capture of the schooner
2242:Capture of the schooner
2176:Battle of Ocracoke Inlet
1902:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
280:), as well as governor (
255:interpreted the element
240:and given the sobriquet
216:'s second city, in 904.
123:before 904 – after 921/2
3011:Captain Charles Johnson
2435:1717–1718 Acts of Grace
2146:Battle of Mandab Strait
2126:Battle of Boca Teacapan
2121:Balanguingui Expedition
2086:Action of 23 March 2010
698:Tougher, Shaun (1997).
451:, p. 163 (note 2).
219:
2368:Operation Ocean Shield
2196:Battle of Tonkin River
2141:Battle of Doro Passage
2096:Action of 5 April 2010
2091:Action of 1 April 2010
2081:Action of 9 April 2009
2061:1985 Lahad Datu ambush
2051:
1887:Jose Campuzano-Polanco
1872:Duarte Pacheco Pereira
1019:British Virgin Islands
305:campaign that wrested
3206:Medieval Thessalonica
2984:Pirates versus Ninjas
2411:Slave raid of Suðuroy
2373:Persian Gulf Campaign
2258:Capture of the sloop
2186:Battle of the Leotung
2171:Battle of New Orleans
2050:
1912:Richard Avery Hornsby
1664:Piet Pieterszoon Hein
1624:Moses Cohen Henriques
1594:Manuel Ribeiro Pardal
1339:Christina Anna Skytte
877:Brethren of the Coast
860:Baltic Slavic pirates
807:Ancient Mediterranean
661:Lilie, Ralph-Johannes
544:Khoury Odetallah 1995
532:Khoury Odetallah 1995
496:Khoury Odetallah 1995
484:Khoury Odetallah 1995
437:Khoury Odetallah 1995
135:, Deputy governor of
131:Admiral, Governor of
120:Years of service
2906:skull and crossbones
2862:Mistress of the Seas
2544:Capture of the brig
2521:Atlantic slave trade
2282:Falklands Expedition
2136:Battle of Cape Lopez
2056:1582 Cagayan battles
1983:Queen Anne's Revenge
1534:José Joaquim Almeida
1519:John Newland Maffitt
1439:Hayreddin Barbarossa
1279:Bartolomeu Português
1269:Artemisia I of Caria
1264:Alexandre Exquemelin
1102:Baltic Slavic piracy
855:Anglo-Turkish piracy
151:Sack of Thessalonica
3246:Medieval Aegean Sea
3226:10th-century deaths
2923:No purchase, no pay
2891:Davy Jones's locker
2834:The Angel's Command
2678:Guybrush Threepwood
2526:Barbary slave trade
2503:African slave trade
2300:Jiajing wokou raids
2201:Battle of Ty-ho Bay
1424:François l'Olonnais
1284:Bartholomew Roberts
1172:Republic of Pirates
522:, pp. 186–188.
401:Tulunids in Lebanon
147:Arab–Byzantine wars
3221:9th-century births
3083:Timeline of piracy
3040:Piracy kidnappings
2693:Jacquotte Delahaye
2648:Charlotte de Berry
2638:Captain Sabertooth
2531:Blockade of Africa
2486:Piracy Law of 1820
2416:Turkish Abductions
2353:Operation Atalanta
2287:Great Lakes Patrol
2166:Battle of Nam Quan
2116:Attack on Veracruz
2052:
1634:Nicholas van Hoorn
1619:Michel de Grammont
1484:Jacquotte Delahaye
1469:Hippolyte Bouchard
1389:Elise Eskilsdotter
1329:Charlotte de Berry
1294:Benjamin Hornigold
616:Kazhdan, Alexander
612:Kazhdan, Alexander
340:Eustathios Argyros
253:Alexander Vasiliev
3178:
3177:
3159:Piracy portal
3142:
3141:
3119:Fictional pirates
3018:Truce of Ratisbon
2992:
2991:
2953:Walking the plank
2813:On Stranger Tides
2753:Tony Tony Chopper
2643:Captain Stingaree
2580:Fictional pirates
2396:Sack of Baltimore
2391:Raid on Cartagena
2333:Moscow University
2212:Beluga Nomination
2181:Battle of Pianosa
2106:Antelope incident
1997:Marquis of Havana
1935:
1934:
1644:Olivier Levasseur
1584:Louis-Michel Aury
1549:Klaus Störtebeker
1499:Jeanne de Clisson
1419:François Le Clerc
1254:Anne Dieu-le-Veut
1200:
1199:
1117:South China Coast
1081:Strait of Malacca
752:978-0-521-76705-7
711:978-90-04-10811-0
704:. Leiden: Brill.
690:978-0-87395-876-9
534:, pp. 98ff..
498:, pp. 97–98.
486:, pp. 98–99.
249:Rashīq al-Wardāmī
238:Lāwī Abū'l-Ḥārith
230:Cibyrrhaeot Theme
202:Abbasid Caliphate
175:Rashīq al-Wardāmī
167:Λέων ὸ Τριπολίτης
156:
155:
104:Abbasid Caliphate
3258:
3251:Medieval pirates
3168:
3167:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3053:
3052:
2855:Pirate Latitudes
2848:Long John Silver
2841:Voyage of Slaves
2708:Long John Silver
2603:Captain Birdseye
2576:
2575:
2446:Letter of marque
2406:Salvador Pirates
2401:Sack of Campeche
2224:Chepo Expedition
2206:Battle of Tysami
2161:Battle off Mukah
2151:Battle of Manila
1990:Quedagh Merchant
1948:Adventure Galley
1794:Victual Brothers
1779:Thomas Cavendish
1744:Sayyida al Hurra
1729:Samuel Hall Lord
1709:Roche Braziliano
1694:Robert Culliford
1629:Nathaniel Gordon
1599:Martin Frobisher
1559:Laurens de Graaf
1529:Jørgen Jørgensen
1464:Henry Strangways
1444:Hendrick Lucifer
1394:Eustace the Monk
1259:António de Faria
1209:
1208:
1177:Republic of Salé
1147:Île Sainte-Marie
1002:
1001:
979:Victual Brothers
887:Cilician pirates
784:
777:
770:
761:
760:
756:
735:
715:
694:
675:Rosenthal, Franz
670:
656:
641:Byzantinoslavica
635:
598:
592:
586:
580:
574:
568:
559:
553:
547:
541:
535:
529:
523:
517:
511:
505:
499:
493:
487:
481:
475:
469:
452:
446:
440:
434:
423:
417:
372:Emirate of Crete
315:Byzantine Empire
299:Damian of Tarsus
214:Byzantine Empire
195:
194:
182:
181:
168:
111:
40:Madrid Skylitzes
35:
21:
20:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3153:
3151:
3138:
3104:Barbary pirates
3092:
3088:Women in piracy
3044:
2988:
2957:
2886:Buried treasure
2874:
2806:Facing the Flag
2799:Treasure Island
2772:
2718:Vaas Montenegro
2713:Monkey D. Luffy
2683:Hector Barbossa
2668:Elizabeth Swann
2633:Captain Pugwash
2570:
2568:
2561:
2538:Veloz Passagera
2536:Capture of the
2489:
2420:
2229:Capture of the
2037:
1969:Flying Dutchman
1931:
1897:Miguel Enríquez
1849:
1843:
1809:William Dampier
1764:Simon Mascarino
1759:Shirahama Kenki
1739:Samuel Pallache
1704:Roberto Cofresí
1614:Mary Wolverston
1589:Mansel Alcantra
1564:Lawrence Prince
1244:Albert W. Hicks
1196:
1134:
1126:
1090:
1047:
993:
989:Women in piracy
954:Sindhi corsairs
907:French corsairs
897:Cossack pirates
850:Albanian piracy
843:Types of pirate
838:
793:
788:
753:
720:Vasiliev, A. A.
712:
691:
632:
607:
602:
601:
593:
589:
581:
577:
573:, p. 1216.
569:
562:
554:
550:
542:
538:
530:
526:
518:
514:
506:
502:
494:
490:
482:
478:
470:
455:
447:
443:
435:
426:
418:
414:
409:
397:
360:John Kaminiates
344:Leo VI the Wise
222:
78:
53:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3264:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3162:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3129:Piracy by year
3126:
3121:
3116:
3114:Female pirates
3111:
3109:By nationality
3106:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2703:Joshamee Gibbs
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2573:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2541:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2483:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2337:
2328:
2319:
2310:
2306:Maersk Alabama
2302:
2297:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2271:
2263:
2255:
2247:
2239:
2234:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1917:Robert Maynard
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1799:Vincenzo Gambi
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1724:Samuel Bellamy
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1699:Robert Surcouf
1696:
1691:
1689:Richard Glover
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1659:Pierre Lafitte
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1434:Grace O'Malley
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1374:Edward England
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1334:Cheung Po Tsai
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1289:Benito de Soto
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1234:Abraham Samuel
1231:
1229:Adam Baldridge
1226:
1221:
1215:
1213:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1182:Saint Augustin
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1059:Horn of Africa
1055:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1043:Gulf of Guinea
1040:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1029:Lake Nicaragua
1021:
1010:
1008:
1006:Atlantic World
999:
995:
994:
992:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
935:
934:
924:
919:
914:
912:Jewish pirates
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
873:
872:
862:
857:
852:
846:
844:
840:
839:
837:
836:
835:
834:
829:
824:
814:
809:
803:
801:
795:
794:
787:
786:
779:
772:
764:
758:
757:
751:
736:
728:Henri Grégoire
716:
710:
695:
689:
677:, ed. (1985).
671:
657:
636:
630:
606:
603:
600:
599:
597:, p. 211.
587:
585:, p. 192.
575:
560:
558:, p. 191.
548:
546:, p. 100.
536:
524:
512:
510:, p. 151.
508:Rosenthal 1985
500:
488:
476:
453:
441:
424:
422:, p. 163.
411:
410:
408:
405:
404:
403:
396:
393:
331:Byzantine navy
319:Constantinople
276:) or admiral (
221:
218:
159:Leo of Tripoli
154:
153:
144:
140:
139:
129:
125:
124:
121:
117:
116:
113:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
59:
55:
54:
51:
49:
45:
44:
36:
28:
27:
25:Leo of Tripoli
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3263:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3196:Greek Muslims
3194:
3192:
3191:Greek pirates
3189:
3188:
3186:
3171:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:Miscellaneous
2995:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:Miscellaneous
2960:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2943:Pirate utopia
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2663:Elaine Marley
2661:
2659:
2658:Edward Kenway
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2618:Captain Flint
2616:
2614:
2613:Captain Crook
2611:
2609:
2608:Captain Blood
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2431:Acts of grace
2429:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2324:Orkim Harmony
2320:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2267:Carré d'As IV
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2231:Ambrose Light
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2011:Royal Fortune
2008:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1955:Ambrose Light
1952:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1927:Woodes Rogers
1925:
1923:
1922:Thomas Warren
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1882:Julius Caesar
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1862:Chaloner Ogle
1860:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1834:Zheng Zhilong
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1719:Sadie Farrell
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1669:Princess Sela
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1649:Pedro Gilbert
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1569:Liang Daoming
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:Francis Drake
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1369:Dominique You
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1324:Charles Gibbs
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1219:Abduwali Muse
1217:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1205:Major figures
1203:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Barataria Bay
1140:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1132:Pirate havens
1129:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1107:Barbary Coast
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1000:
996:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
959:Timber pirate
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
933:
930:
929:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
871:
868:
867:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
845:
841:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
819:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
802:
800:
796:
792:
785:
780:
778:
773:
771:
766:
765:
762:
754:
748:
744:
743:
737:
733:
732:Marius Canard
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
707:
703:
702:
696:
692:
686:
682:
681:
676:
672:
668:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
647:(1): 97–102.
646:
642:
637:
633:
631:0-19-504652-8
627:
623:
622:
617:
613:
609:
608:
596:
591:
584:
579:
572:
567:
565:
557:
552:
545:
540:
533:
528:
521:
516:
509:
504:
497:
492:
485:
480:
473:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
450:
449:Vasiliev 1968
445:
439:, p. 98.
438:
433:
431:
429:
421:
420:Vasiliev 1968
416:
412:
402:
399:
398:
392:
390:
386:
385:John Rhadenos
383:
379:
378:
373:
369:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
338:
337:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
295:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
275:
274:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
244:
239:
235:
231:
227:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
189:
187:
180:رشيق الوردامي
176:
172:
164:
160:
152:
148:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
108:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
50:
46:
42:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3150:
3023:Pirate Round
3003:
2974:Space pirate
2948:Treasure map
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2738:Roronoa Zoro
2688:Jack Sparrow
2628:Captain Nemo
2623:Captain Hook
2545:
2537:
2513:
2383:
2340:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2305:
2292:
2275:Dai Hong Dan
2274:
2266:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2230:
2211:
2030:
2025:Whydah Gally
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1976:Ganj-i-Sawai
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1940:Pirate ships
1892:Luis Fajardo
1877:James Brooke
1867:David Porter
1839:Zheng Yi Sao
1814:William Kidd
1769:Stede Bonnet
1754:Shap-ng-tsai
1734:Samuel Mason
1654:Peter Easton
1604:Mary Lindsey
1554:Lai Choi San
1544:Joseph Barss
1539:Joseph Baker
1509:John Hawkins
1504:Johanna Hård
1494:Jean Lafitte
1489:Jan Janszoon
1479:Israel Hands
1459:Henry Morgan
1449:Henri Caesar
1364:Dirk Chivers
1299:Black Caesar
1224:Abshir Boyah
1095:Other waters
1076:Persian Gulf
1064:Somali Coast
1052:Indian Ocean
1024:Spanish Main
939:River pirate
917:Moro pirates
892:Child pirate
817:21st century
741:
723:
700:
679:
665:
644:
640:
619:
595:Wortley 2010
590:
583:Tougher 1997
578:
571:Kazhdan 1991
556:Tougher 1997
551:
539:
527:
520:Tougher 1997
515:
503:
491:
479:
444:
415:
381:
375:
364:
352:Thessalonica
335:
296:
285:
281:
278:amīr al-baḥr
277:
271:
265:
256:
248:
241:
237:
223:
210:Thessalonica
184:
174:
169:), known in
158:
157:
115:Abbasid army
79:(modern-day
38:
18:
2938:Pirate code
2913:Keelhauling
2901:Jolly Roger
2763:Will Turner
2698:José Gaspar
2598:Barbe Rouge
2495:Slave trade
1749:Sister Ping
1679:Rachel Wall
1474:Huang Bamei
1454:Henry Every
1409:Fūma Kotarō
1404:Flying Gang
1319:Calico Jack
1309:Bully Hayes
1112:Falcon Lake
1086:Nosy Boraha
944:Sea Beggars
932:Confederate
902:Filibusters
382:droungarios
354:, which he
336:droungarios
325:and sacked
323:Dardanelles
95:after 921/2
66:Nickname(s)
48:Native name
3185:Categories
3097:Categories
3073:Privateers
3035:Matelotage
2969:Air pirate
2933:Pet parrot
2785:The Pirate
2733:Nico Robin
2653:Davy Jones
2593:Tom Ayrton
2567:Pirates in
2456:Piracy Act
2425:Piracy law
2341:North Star
2004:My Revenge
1857:Angelo Emo
1819:Zheng Jing
1784:Thomas Tew
1579:Lo Hon-cho
1399:Flora Burn
1379:Edward Low
1349:Dan Seavey
1344:Chui A-poo
1304:Blackbeard
1249:Anne Bonny
1187:Saint-Malo
1167:Port Royal
1152:Libertatia
964:Ushkuyniks
927:Privateers
922:Narentines
882:Buccaneers
812:Golden Age
407:References
333:under the
193:غلام زرافة
100:Allegiance
58:Birth name
2918:Marooning
2546:Brillante
2335:hijacking
2326:hijacking
2317:hijacking
2308:hijacking
1609:Mary Read
1514:John Hoar
1384:Eli Boggs
1354:Diabolito
1135:and bases
1071:Indonesia
1036:Venezuela
1014:Caribbean
653:0007-7712
377:patrikios
329:, as the
309:from the
196:), was a
3170:Category
2896:Eyepatch
2768:Zanzibar
2743:Sandokan
2723:Mr. Smee
2588:Askeladd
2516:Incident
2386:incident
2295:incident
2277:incident
2269:incident
2214:incident
1829:Zheng Yi
1824:Zheng Qi
1804:Wang Zhi
1684:Redbeard
1574:Limahong
1524:John Pro
1429:Gan Ning
1314:Cai Qian
1122:Sulu Sea
949:Sea Dogs
722:(1968).
395:See also
348:Himerios
311:Tulunids
261:Mardaite
226:Attaleia
128:Commands
110:Service/
77:Attaleia
3134:Pirates
3063:Pirates
2571:culture
2569:popular
2514:Amistad
2315:Zafirah
2018:Saladin
1850:hunters
1639:Ng Akew
1239:Alfhild
1212:Pirates
1192:Tortuga
974:Vikings
870:Algiers
799:Periods
618:(ed.).
605:Sources
303:Abbasid
268:Mas'udi
257:Wardāmī
234:Tripoli
183:), and
133:Tripoli
81:Antalya
3124:Piracy
3030:Mutiny
2928:Pegleg
2879:Tropes
2777:Novels
2673:Franky
2343:affair
1907:Pompey
1848:Pirate
1789:Veborg
1274:Awilda
1162:Mamora
969:Uskoks
791:Piracy
749:
708:
687:
651:
628:
389:Lemnos
356:sacked
327:Abydos
292:Tarsus
245:Zurāfa
243:ghulām
212:, the
188:Zurāfa
186:Ghulām
171:Arabic
137:Tarsus
112:branch
85:Turkey
3056:Lists
2758:Usopp
2748:Sanji
2384:Quest
2293:Irene
2252:Fancy
2244:Bravo
1962:Fancy
1774:Teuta
1714:Rusla
1157:Lundy
998:Areas
984:Wokou
368:Chios
307:Egypt
290:) of
287:nā’ib
282:ṣāḥib
273:qā’id
198:Greek
163:Greek
3049:Meta
2728:Nami
2480:1850
2476:1837
2472:1721
2468:1717
2464:1698
2460:1536
2260:Anne
2032:York
1359:Dido
832:2024
827:2023
822:2022
747:ISBN
706:ISBN
685:ISBN
649:ISSN
626:ISBN
472:PmbZ
380:and
220:Life
206:sack
143:Wars
92:Died
74:Born
2331:MV
2322:MT
2313:MT
208:of
173:as
61:Leo
3187::
2478:,
2474:,
2470:,
2466:,
2462:,
730:,
645:56
643:.
563:^
456:^
427:^
263:.
251:.
165::
149::
83:,
2482:)
2458:(
2437:)
2433:(
783:e
776:t
769:v
755:.
714:.
693:.
655:.
634:.
190:(
177:(
161:(
87:)
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