310:, and Itliong sitting on the founding board. Itliong served as assistant director of the United Farm Workers under Cesar Chavez, and in 1970 he was appointed the United Farm Workers' national boycott coordinator. In 1971, Itliong resigned from the United Farm Workers because of disagreements about the governance of the union; another reason for resigning from the United Farm Workers, was that Itliong felt that the union was not willing to support aging Filipinos. Alex Fabros, a doctoral candidate at
2205:
227:, and up and down California; he also worked in Montana and South Dakota. While living in Alaska, he helped found the Alaska Cannery Workers Union (which later became Local 7 of the United Cannery and Packing and Allied Workers Union, then Local 7 of the International Longshoreman's and Warehouse Workers Union). He lost three fingers in an accident in an Alaskan cannery, which earned him the nickname, "Seven Fingers."
2219:
413:, and the name change did not take effect until 2015. This occurred after a 13-year effort to rename a school for the Filipino American leaders, after several other schools had been named to reflect the city's diverse population, including Cesar Chavez Middle School, where 20% of the population is Filipino American.
196:). One of six children of Artemio and Francesca Itliong, he only had a sixth grade education. He immigrated to the United States in 1929 and joined his first strike in 1930; Itliong was only 15 when he came to the United States. Itliong was an excellent card player, and avid cigar smoker, who spoke multiple
258:, and was elected its vice-president in 1953. He served as secretary of the Filipino Community of Stockton from 1954 to 1956. In 1956, Itliong founded the Filipino Farm Labor Union in Stockton. In 1957, he was elected president of the Filipino Voters League in Stockton. By 1965, Itliong was leading the
294:; Itliong was skeptical of the merger, as he believed that Mexicans would become dominant over the Filipinos when the organizations merged, and that improving work conditions would come at the expense of Filipino farmworkers, but Itliong kept those feelings to himself at the time. In 1966, the
345:
Most history books mention Chavez and the United Farm
Workers, but do not include a mention of Itliong or other Filipinos. Speaking about Chavez and his father, Johnny Itliong said, "Larry was militant. Cesar was non-violent. Cesar had handlers. Cesar had lawyers. Cesar was a dictator."
273:
grape growers. Although the strikers weren't able to negotiate a contract with the growers, they did succeed in winning higher wages. Following the success in
Southern California, on September 8, 1965, the Agriculture Workers Organizing Committee voted to strike against grape growers in
56:
1668:
1358:
1085:
757:
708:
1621:
Unfortunately, when speaking or reading about the farm worker movement, Larry
Itliong's name and other Filipinos have mostly vanished in mainstream history books. Even the UFW's website, says the union was created by Cesar
1656:"The mural is the first memorial to honor the 1,500 Filipino American farmworkers that ignited the 1965 Delano Grape Strike, who converged with César E. Chávez to form the UFW," says the artist, Eliseo Art Silva.
286:
joined the
Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee on the picket lines. These strikes occurred around the same time when younger Filipino Americans began a period of political self-reflection and awakening.
2069:
1608:
1151:
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in honor of Vera Cruz and Larry
Itliong; this school is the first school in the United States to be named for Filipino Americans. There was a vocal opposition to the name change, some of whom waved
1735:
1823:
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333:
supermarkets in 1974. Itliong also served as
President of the Filipino American Political Association, a bipartisan lobbying organization. He died in Delano in February 1977, aged 63, from
200:, Spanish, Cantonese, Japanese, and taught himself about law. Itliong married six times, had seven children, and raised his family in the Delano area and in the Little Manila community of
1761:
1672:
1384:
1362:
1089:
1643:
1470:
526:
2007:
246:, Philip Vera Cruz, and Ernesto Mangaoang) became involved in the 1948 asparagus strike, which was the first major agriculture strike after World War II. Itliong served as the first
1884:
1792:
438:
was made to highlight the role of
Filipinos in the farm labor movement, including Itliong; the documentary was released in 2013. Itliong was portrayed by Darion Basco in the
1976:
990:
731:
1600:
821:
2061:
1439:
1216:
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329:. Although no longer in the United Farm Workers, Itliong continued to support others in the organized labor movement, such as helping others plan a strike against
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1263:
951:
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1703:
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617:
416:
In late April 2013, a
Filipino business and a Filipino Community Center were targeted with graffiti vandalism; the graffiti was investigated as a
452:
The
Filipino Hall in Delano, California houses a collection of memorabilia. The Larry Itliong Papers are housed at the Walter Reuther Library at
459:
A musical based on
Itliong's life, titled Larry the Musical, debuted in San Francisco in 2024, with original compositions by Bryan Pangilinan.
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1392:
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1999:
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84:
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1120:
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1968:
974:
311:
1535:. Images of America Series. Filipino American National Historical So, Little Manila Foundation. Arcadia Publishing. p. 40.
979:. Images of America Series. Filipino American National Historical So, Little Manila Foundation. Arcadia Publishing. p. 38.
378:
which became the first city in the United States to recognize Larry Itliong Day in the United States in 2010. In 2015 Governor
242:. After the war, he settled in the city of Stockton in California's Central Valley. In 1948, Itliong (along with Rudy Delvo,
2287:
1540:
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1184:
984:
945:
906:
867:
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581:
520:
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809:
318:
172:, Benjamin Gines and Pete Velasco, walked off the farms of area table-grape growers, demanding wages equal to the federal
2312:
2091:
322:
1669:"CSU Dominguez Hills to unveil mural during celebration – Mural celebrates diversity, historical social accomplishments"
1423:
1224:
1174:
278:, where the grape season starts in September. This strike became the first time Mexican workers, due to the decision of
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935:
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1937:
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398:
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173:
409:, who said that the name changing disrupts the neighborhood's tradition. The middle school was originally named for
2302:
165:
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2135:
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as its most prominent historical figures. Itliong was posthumously honored in 2010 by inclusion in a mural at
2272:
266:; the majority of members of the committee were Filipinos who had in the 1930s arrived in the United States.
234:. Filipinos in California led the way in unionization efforts among farmworkers in the 1930s and 40s. During
349:
The first public art memorial honoring Filipino American farmworkers was unveiled on June 24, 1995, in LA's
325:. Together with Vera Cruz, Itliong worked towards building a retirement facility for UFW workers, known as
197:
2030:
1023:
317:
After leaving the United Farm Workers, Itliong assisted retired Filipino farmworkers in Delano, and was a
2190:
1785:"Union City school is nation's first named after Filipino-Americans, but acrimony over decision remains"
1695:
290:
The Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee and National Farm Workers Association merged to form the
424:
2224:
334:
189:
80:
1758:"Governor Newsom Issues Proclamation Declaring Larry Itliong Day 10.25.19 | California Governor"
1493:
1853:
453:
449:
was published which highlighted Itliong's life and his role in the agriculture labor movement.
410:
573:
168:
agricultural workers starting in the 1930s, and rose to national prominence in 1965, when he,
2185:
1500:
350:
857:
2262:
2257:
201:
778:
442:; the film did not include other Filipino American farm labor leaders such as Vera Cruz.
8:
1112:
387:
291:
231:
177:
1324:
1249:
Philip Vera Cruz: A Personal History of Filipino Immigrants and the Farmworkers Movement
1179:. Asian American History and Culture Series. Temple University Press. pp. 129–130.
446:
375:
365:
275:
224:
102:
1050:"The Local 7/ Local 37 Story: Filipino American Cannery Unionism in Seattle 1940–1959"
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1429:
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1180:
980:
941:
902:
863:
817:
691:
671:
651:
577:
566:
516:
299:
1288:
Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970 to the Present
2232:
354:
270:
180:. He has been described as "one of the fathers of the West Coast labor movement."
169:
2102:
1405:
In January of 1970, he was appointed as National Boycott Coordinator of the UFWOC.
940:. Asian American History and Culture Series. Temple University Press. p. 81.
314:, called the merger "devastating for the Filipinos who participated in the UFW.".
1908:"Union City: Graffiti scrawled on Filipino businesses investigated as hate crime"
1049:
561:
326:
243:
161:
132:
230:
Some of the labor organizers whom Itliong met in his early days had ties to the
2242:
761:
406:
307:
303:
269:
A vote was held on May 3, 1965, in which the committee voted to strike against
2172:
2161:
282:, did not break a strike of Filipinos; later, on September 16, 1965, Chavez's
2251:
1969:"The forgotten history of the Filipino laborers who worked with Cesar Chavez"
439:
20:
1176:
The Philippine Temptation: Dialectics of Philippines—U.S. Literary Relations
937:
The Philippine Temptation: Dialectics of Philippines—U.S. Literary Relations
2237:
391:
330:
279:
247:
235:
2062:"Grapes Of Wrath: The Forgotten Filipinos Who Led A Farmworker Revolution"
1601:"Fil-Ams lack awareness on Itliong, 'manongs' of the farm worker movement"
668:
Dark Sweat, White Gold: California Farm Workers, Cotton, and the New Deal.
2031:"The Forgotten Filipino American Activist Behind the Delano Grape Strike"
1726:"Larry Itliong Day Celebrated in Honor of Filipino-American Labor Leader"
379:
259:
220:
24:
2181:
1141:
417:
208:
480:
Sources disagree as to whether Itliong died on February 8 or 10, 1977.
1325:"Guide to the California Rural Legal Assistance, Inc. records M0750"
2127:
1730:
1117:
The Fight in the Fields: Cesar Chavez and the Farmworkers' Struggle
688:
The Fight in the Fields: Cesar Chavez and the Farmworkers Movement.
572:. Ethnographic Reference Bks. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.
2000:"Actor talks about playing Fil-Am labor leader in Diego Luna film"
1492:
Rast, Raymond W.; Gail L. Dubrow; Brian Casserly (February 2007).
1385:"Yee Honors Late UFW Co-founder and Filipino Farm Labor Organizer"
1119:. Paradigm Productions and Independent Television Service (ITVS).
255:
239:
216:
28:
1491:
55:
1142:
Prosy Abarquez-Delacruz; Enrique Delacruz (February 26, 2011).
212:
2218:
2163:
Larry Itliong's Vital Contributions to the Farm Labor Movement
2191:
Digitized Interview with Larry Itliong on California Revealed
1846:"Union City police investigate racist graffiti as hate crime"
1816:"Opposition to renaming Union City school growing more vocal"
1463:"Eclipsed by Cesar Chavez, Larry Itliong's Story Now Emerges"
1022:(17). San Francisco State University: 1. 2007. Archived from
1144:"The birthplace of labor rights becomes a historic landmark"
709:"Out From the Shadows – Filipino Americans Replanting Roots"
515:. American biographies. Infobase Publishing. p. 213.
1391:. California State Senate. March 31, 2006. Archived from
862:. Durham and London: Duke University Press. p. 259.
1494:"National Historic Landmark Nomination: The Forty Acres"
670:
Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1996.
568:
Distinguished Asian Americans: a biographical dictionary
618:"Forgotten Hero of Labor Fight; His Son's Lonely Quest"
2159:
1966:
724:"Calif. city puts off naming school for Fil-Am heroes"
686:
Feriss, Susan; Sandoval, Ricardo; and Hembree, Diana.
1877:"Plan to rename Union City school sparks controversy"
1331:. The Regents of The University of California. 2009.
810:"Old News: Larry Itliong and the Delano Grape Strike"
2200:
615:
238:, Itliong served on a U.S. Army transport ship as a
1905:
156:(October 25, 1913 – February 1977), also known as "
1874:
1813:
1782:
1245:
1217:"40th Anniversary of Historic Farm Workers Strike"
1110:
565:
1575:"Obama honors Cesar Chavez but not Delano Manong"
785:. University of California, Davis. January 2013.
755:
706:
2249:
1997:
1054:Seattle Civil Rights & Labor History Project
758:"New Light Shed on Pioneering Filipino American"
721:
650:Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press, 2002.
35: and the surname or paternal family name is
1598:
1428:. University of California Press. p. 120.
436:The Delano Manongs: Forgotten Heroes of the UFW
2278:Deaths from motor neuron disease in California
2170:
1252:. University of Washington Press. p. 48.
1083:
901:. University of California Press. p. 37.
851:
849:
847:
845:
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839:
504:
502:
500:
498:
496:
1693:
1529:Mabalon, Dawn Bochulano; Reyes, Rico (2008).
1356:
1352:
1350:
1246:Scharlin, Craig; Villanueva, Lilia V (2000).
1047:
973:Mabalon, Dawn Bochulano; Reyes, Rico (2008).
16:Filipino-American union organizer (1913–1977)
2318:United States Army personnel of World War II
2268:American trade unionists of Filipino descent
1568:
1566:
1564:
1528:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1210:
1208:
972:
359:California State University, Dominguez Hills
1938:"ACR-156 Itliong-Vera Cruz Memorial Bridge"
1671:. The Compton Bulletin. September 8, 2010.
1214:
1086:"'65 strike set stage for farm labor cause"
1079:
1077:
1075:
836:
751:
749:
690:New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1998.
493:
252:International Longshore and Warehouse Union
1944:. State of California. September 2, 2014.
1572:
1347:
773:
771:
427:in south San Diego was designated as the "
54:
2066:The Salt – Weekend Edition Saturday – NPR
2059:
1561:
1460:
1410:
1205:
616:Patricia Leigh Brown (October 18, 2012).
611:
609:
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603:
556:
554:
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550:
548:
546:
544:
264:Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee
2101:. Wayne State University. Archived from
1967:Leslie Berestein Rojas (April 1, 2011).
1291:. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 8.
1172:
1072:
933:
746:
508:
390:. It was proclaimed in 2019 by Governor
374:on October 25; this follows the City of
2283:Filipino emigrants to the United States
2072:from the original on September 21, 2015
1633:
1284:
876:from the original on September 26, 2013
855:
824:from the original on September 27, 2013
807:
768:
756:Stephen Magagnini (December 28, 1996).
560:
476:
474:
472:
312:University of California, Santa Barbara
2250:
2060:Morehouse, Lisa (September 15, 2015).
2010:from the original on November 14, 2012
1421:
1154:from the original on September 9, 2011
894:
648:American Agriculture: A Brief History.
600:
541:
401:renamed Alvarado Middle School as the
2138:from the original on October 23, 2021
2028:
1998:Ruben V. Nepales (October 13, 2012).
1814:Chris De Benedetti (March 29, 2013).
1783:Chris De Benedetti (April 19, 2013).
1764:from the original on October 25, 2021
1738:from the original on October 25, 2021
1675:from the original on November 7, 2021
1611:from the original on November 1, 2012
1510:from the original on October 29, 2013
1473:from the original on January 23, 2020
1461:Guillermo, Emil (September 8, 2015).
1365:from the original on November 7, 2021
1092:from the original on November 7, 2021
529:from the original on November 7, 2021
512:American Social Leaders and Activists
1875:Chris De Benedetti (March 9, 2013).
1599:Joseph Pimentel (October 26, 2012).
1359:"Wapato man honors a forgotten hero"
1084:Leezel Tanglao (September 4, 2005).
1060:from the original on January 9, 2013
680:
660:
469:
1979:from the original on August 5, 2018
1948:from the original on April 19, 2015
1906:Natalie Neysa Alund (May 1, 2013).
1887:from the original on April 19, 2015
1826:from the original on April 19, 2015
1646:from the original on April 19, 2015
789:from the original on April 19, 2014
734:from the original on March 26, 2013
722:Harvey I. Barkin (March 22, 2013).
640:
628:from the original on March 26, 2013
323:1972 Democratic National Convention
13:
2293:Military personnel from California
1942:California Legislative Information
1795:from the original on June 20, 2013
1335:from the original on June 19, 2013
1215:Rodel Rodis (September 23, 2005).
1020:Labor Archives and Research Center
707:Stephen Magagnini (May 19, 1996).
14:
2329:
2160:Johnny Itliong; Fe Koons (2012).
2153:
2041:from the original on May 29, 2018
1706:from the original on July 2, 2013
1694:Steve Angeles (October 7, 2010).
1549:from the original on July 2, 2021
1442:from the original on July 3, 2021
1305:from the original on July 3, 2021
1266:from the original on July 3, 2021
1193:from the original on July 2, 2021
1123:from the original on May 24, 2013
993:from the original on July 3, 2021
954:from the original on July 2, 2021
915:from the original on July 2, 2021
429:Itliong-Vera Cruz Memorial Bridge
399:New Haven Unified School District
298:was founded as part of President
296:California Rural Legal Assistance
284:National Farm Workers Association
2217:
2203:
1918:from the original on May 6, 2013
1852:. April 30, 2013. Archived from
1634:Fuentes, Ed (October 10, 2013).
1573:Lounn Lota (December 25, 2012).
1357:Ross Courtney (April 27, 2006).
814:Hyphen: Asian America Unabridged
2308:Trade unionists from California
2120:
2084:
2053:
2022:
1991:
1960:
1930:
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1005:
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564:(1999). Kim, Hyung-Chan (ed.).
403:Itliong-Vera Cruz Middle School
2298:People from Delano, California
808:Lisa Ko (September 10, 2009).
715:
700:
423:In 2014, an overpass over the
194:territory of the United States
1:
2029:Mejia, Paula (May 17, 2018).
859:Little Manila is in the Heart
487:
2288:American trade union leaders
1636:"10 Monumental Murals of LA"
1329:Online Archive of California
1113:"Cesar Chavez & the UFW"
1056:. University of Washington.
440:2014 film about Cesar Chavez
183:
7:
2196:
1111:RIck Tejada-Flores (2004).
382:signed a bill to establish
176:, that became known as the
160:", was a Filipino-American
10:
2334:
2313:United Farm Workers people
2174:BA100610 Larry Itliong Day
2092:"Larry Itliong Collection"
1361:. Yakima Herald-Republic.
509:Hamilton, Neil A. (2002).
18:
2099:Walter P. Reuther Library
2004:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1173:Juan Jr., E. San (1996).
934:Juan Jr., E. San (1996).
728:Philippine Daily Inquirer
425:Filipino American Highway
340:
126:
118:
110:
91:
62:
53:
46:
1425:From the Jaws of Victory
1088:. The Press-Enterprise.
1013:"Filipino Labor Leaders"
898:From the Jaws of Victory
595:Larry Itliong died 1977.
462:
368:recognized Itliong with
188:Itliong was a native of
2225:Organized Labour portal
2171:Johnny Itliong (2010).
1696:"Who is Larry Itliong?"
1389:Senator Leland Yee, PhD
397:In mid-April 2013, the
353:with Larry Itliong and
190:San Nicolas, Pangasinan
81:San Nicolas, Pangasinan
2303:People from Pangasinan
1285:Madrick, Jeff (2011).
1048:Micah Ellison (2004).
856:Mabalon, Dawn (2013).
454:Wayne State University
411:Juan Bautista Alvarado
192:, Philippines (then a
2177:. TFCBalitangAmerica.
1532:Filipinos in Stockton
1501:National Park Service
1422:GarcĂa, Matt (2012).
976:Filipinos in Stockton
895:GarcĂa, Matt (2012).
434:A documentary titled
351:Historic Filipinotown
306:, with Cesar Chavez,
215:; where he organized
67:Modesto Dulay Itliong
2273:California Democrats
1760:. October 25, 2019.
1734:. October 23, 2015.
1029:on December 15, 2013
783:Rural Migration News
335:Lou Gehrig's disease
211:, Itliong worked in
202:Stockton, California
2128:"Larry The Musical"
1856:on December 6, 2013
779:"UFW, ALRB, Unions"
388:State of California
292:United Farm Workers
178:Delano grape strike
1912:Contra Costa Times
1820:Contra Costa Times
646:Hurt, R. Douglas.
366:Los Angeles County
276:Delano, California
198:Filipino languages
114:Filipino, American
103:Delano, California
85:Philippine Islands
2211:California portal
2132:Larry The Musical
1542:978-0-7385-5624-6
1435:978-0-520-25930-0
1395:on March 27, 2014
1298:978-0-307-59671-0
1259:978-0-295-80295-4
1186:978-1-56639-418-5
986:978-0-7385-5624-6
947:978-1-56639-418-5
908:978-0-520-25930-0
869:978-0-8223-5339-3
711:. Sacramento Bee.
583:978-0-313-28902-6
522:978-1-4381-0808-7
384:Larry Itliong Day
371:Larry Itliong Day
300:Lyndon B. Johnson
219:and agricultural
143:
142:
27:or maternal
2325:
2233:Philip Vera Cruz
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2108:on April 4, 2017
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1234:
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1227:on March 7, 2013
1223:. Archived from
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162:union organizer
133:Labor organizer
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122:Seven Fingers
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48:Larry Itliong
45:
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26:
22:
2238:Cesar Chavez
2173:
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2103:the original
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1972:
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1952:December 23,
1950:. Retrieved
1941:
1932:
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1901:
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1881:Mercury News
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1854:the original
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1789:Mercury News
1788:
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1700:ABS-CBN News
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511:
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456:in Detroit.
451:
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396:
392:Gavin Newsom
383:
370:
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348:
344:
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289:
280:Cesar Chavez
268:
248:shop steward
236:World War II
229:
206:
187:
174:minimum wage
157:
153:
149:
145:
144:
97:(1977-02-00)
41:
36:
32:
2263:1977 deaths
2258:1913 births
2142:October 23,
1768:October 25,
1742:October 25,
1679:November 7,
1369:November 7,
1096:November 7,
445:In 2018, a
380:Jerry Brown
127:Occupations
111:Nationality
29:family name
25:middle name
2252:Categories
1221:Asian Week
488:References
418:hate crime
225:Washington
209:farmworker
166:West Coast
137:farmworker
73:1913-10-25
1650:April 21,
364:In 2011,
184:Biography
2197:See also
2186:Facebook
2136:Archived
2070:Archived
2039:Archived
2008:Archived
1977:Archived
1946:Archived
1916:Archived
1885:Archived
1824:Archived
1793:Archived
1762:Archived
1736:Archived
1731:NBC News
1704:Archived
1673:Archived
1644:Archived
1609:Archived
1547:Archived
1505:Archived
1471:Archived
1467:NBC News
1440:Archived
1363:Archived
1333:Archived
1303:Archived
1264:Archived
1191:Archived
1152:Archived
1121:Archived
1090:Archived
1058:Archived
991:Archived
952:Archived
913:Archived
874:Archived
822:Archived
787:Archived
732:Archived
626:Archived
527:Archived
319:delegate
19:In this
2045:May 28,
1622:Chavez.
386:in the
331:Safeway
321:at the
260:AFL–CIO
256:Seattle
240:messman
217:cannery
146:Modesto
37:Itliong
2112:May 5,
2014:May 7,
1983:May 7,
1922:May 7,
1891:May 7,
1860:May 7,
1830:May 8,
1799:May 5,
1710:May 7,
1615:May 7,
1584:May 7,
1553:May 7,
1539:
1514:May 7,
1446:May 7,
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1399:May 8,
1339:May 8,
1309:May 7,
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1270:May 7,
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1231:May 7,
1197:May 8,
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1158:May 6,
1127:May 7,
1064:May 7,
1033:May 7,
997:May 7,
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919:May 7,
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828:May 6,
793:May 8,
738:May 7,
694:
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654:
632:May 5,
589:May 7,
580:
576:–139.
533:May 7,
519:
376:Carson
341:Legacy
262:union
221:unions
213:Alaska
105:, U.S.
23:, the
2106:(PDF)
2095:(PDF)
1508:(PDF)
1497:(PDF)
1027:(PDF)
1016:(PDF)
463:Notes
207:As a
150:Larry
33:Dulay
2144:2021
2114:2013
2078:2015
2047:2018
2016:2013
1985:2013
1973:KPCC
1954:2014
1924:2013
1893:2013
1862:2013
1850:KTVU
1832:2013
1801:2013
1770:2021
1744:2021
1712:2013
1681:2021
1652:2015
1640:KCET
1617:2013
1586:2013
1555:2013
1537:ISBN
1516:2013
1479:2020
1448:2013
1430:ISBN
1401:2013
1371:2021
1341:2013
1311:2013
1293:ISBN
1272:2013
1254:ISBN
1233:2013
1199:2013
1181:ISBN
1160:2013
1129:2013
1098:2021
1066:2013
1035:2013
999:2013
981:ISBN
960:2020
942:ISBN
921:2013
903:ISBN
882:2013
864:ISBN
830:2013
795:2013
740:2013
692:ISBN
672:ISBN
652:ISBN
634:2013
591:2013
578:ISBN
535:2013
517:ISBN
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