40:
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is a multi-disciplinary strategy to research, develop, optimize and capitalize on technologies in the laboratory that enable new and improved processes. Laboratory automation professionals are academic, commercial and government researchers, scientists and engineers who conduct research and develop
511:
A large obstacle to the implementation of automation in laboratories has been its high cost. Many laboratory instruments are very expensive. This is justifiable in many cases, as such equipment can perform very specific tasks employing cutting-edge technology. However, there are devices employed in
527:
So far, using such low-cost devices together with laboratory equipment was considered to be very difficult. However, it has been demonstrated that such low-cost devices can substitute without problems the standard machines used in laboratory. It can be anticipated that more laboratories will take
437:
At least since 1875 there have been reports of automated devices for scientific investigation. These first devices were mostly built by scientists themselves in order to solve problems in the laboratory. After the second world war, companies started to provide automated equipment with greater and
481:
Despite the success of Dr. Sasaki laboratory and others of the kind, the multi-million dollar cost of such laboratories has prevented adoption by smaller groups. This is all more difficult because devices made by different manufactures often cannot communicate with each other. However, recent
502:
on a commercial scale. A 2017 study indicates that these commercial-scale, fully integrated automated laboratories can improve reproducibility and transparency in basic biomedical experiments, and that over nine in ten biomedical papers use methods currently available through these groups.
486:
have made possible the integration of equipment from different manufacturers. Using this approach, many low-cost electronic devices, including open-source devices, become compatible with common laboratory instruments.
453:
created one of the world's first clinical automated laboratory management systems. In the mid-1990s, he chaired a standards group called the
Clinical Testing Automation Standards Steering Committee (CTASSC) of the
512:
the laboratory that are not highly technological but still are very expensive. This is the case of many automated devices, which perform tasks that could easily be done by simple and low-cost devices like simple
531:
A technology that enables the integration of any machine regardless of their brand is scripting, more specifically, scripting involving the control of mouse clicks and keyboard entries, like
474:
clearly identifies technology development as a mission critical factor in the
Molecular Libraries and Imaging Implementation Group (see the first theme – New Pathways to Discovery – at
1059:
Chen, Chih-Lin; Chen, Ting-Ru; Chiu, Shih-Hao; Urban, Pawel L. (2017). "Dual robotic arm "production line" mass spectrometry assay guided by multiple
Arduino-type microcontrollers".
441:
Automation steadily spread in laboratories through the 20th century, but then a revolution took place: in the early 1980s, the first fully automated laboratory was opened by
356:
new technologies to increase productivity, elevate experimental data quality, reduce lab process cycle times, or enable experimentation that otherwise would be impossible.
386:, automated clinical and analytical testing, diagnostics, large-scale biorepositories, and many others, would not exist without advancements in laboratory automation.
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The application of technology in today's laboratories is required to achieve timely progress and remain competitive. Laboratories devoted to activities such as
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1315:"MVO Automation Platform: Addressing Unmet Needs in Clinical Laboratories with Microcontrollers, 3D Printing, and Open-Source Hardware/Software"
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offers a graduate degree with an emphasis on development of assays, instrumentation and data analysis tools required for clinical diagnostics,
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459:
455:
495:
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Carvalho, Matheus C.; Eyre, Bradley D. (2013-12-01). "A low cost, easy to build, portable, and universal autosampler for liquids".
535:. By timing clicks and keyboard inputs, different software interfaces controlling different devices can be perfectly synchronized.
1024:
Chiu, Shih-Hao; Urban, Pawel L. (2015). "Robotics-assisted mass spectrometry assay platform enabled by open-source electronics".
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466:(NIH) and more than 300 nationally recognized leaders in academia, industry, government, and the public completed the
1391:"Auto-HPGe, an autosampler for gamma-ray spectroscopy using high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors and heavy shields"
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554:"The First 110 Years of Laboratory Automation Technologies, Applications, and the Creative Scientist"
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363:. More generally, the field of laboratory automation comprises many different automated laboratory
1252:"Design of Microplate-Compatible Illumination Panels for a Semiautomated Benchtop Pipetting System"
324:
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Baillargeon P, Coss-Flores K, Singhera F, Shumate J, Williams H, DeLuca L; et al. (2019).
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173:
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Felder, Robin A (1998-12-01). "Modular workcells: modern methods for laboratory automation".
127:
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937:"Indicators for the use of robotic labs in basic biomedical research: A literature analysis"
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advantage of this new reality as low-cost automation is very attractive for laboratories.
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611:"The Clinical Chemist: Masahide Sasaki, MD, PhD (August 27, 1933 – September 23, 2005)"
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Some universities offer entire programs that focus on lab technologies. For example,
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The most widely known application of laboratory automation technology is
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offers a graduate program devoted to
Laboratory Informatics. Also, the
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1483:, OMICS, vol. 29, no. 9, Mary Ann Liebert, pp. 40–41,
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https://web.archive.org/web/20100611171315/http://nihroadmap.nih.gov/
1170:
1145:
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An autosampler for liquid or gaseous samples based on a microsyringe
1088:"Universal electronics for miniature and automated chemical assays"
154:
1364:"DIY Lego Robot Brings Lab Automation to Students - IEEE Spectrum"
1206:
702:"LIM Source, a laboratory information management systems resource"
39:
855:"Integration of Analytical Instruments with Computer Scripting"
532:
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791:"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (formerly NCCLS)"
158:
904:
Chapter 1 – Introduction to Open-Source
Hardware for Science
650:
Boyd, James (2002-01-18). "Robotic
Laboratory Automation".
344:
375:
and effectiveness of scientific research in laboratories.
1146:"Open hardware: Self-built labware stimulates creativity"
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470:
to accelerate medical discovery to improve health. The
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Practical
Laboratory Automation: Made Easy with AutoIt
482:
advances based on the use of scripting languages like
463:
402:
458:, which later evolved into an area committee of the
399:
Indiana
University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
16:
Process improvement strategy for routine procedures
1410:"Osmar, the open-source microsyringe autosampler"
1058:
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506:
1516:
1477:"Lab Automation Protocols and Virtual Workcells"
1193:Baillargeon P, Spicer TP, Scampavia L (2019).
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516:, universal (open-source) electronic modules,
325:
1481:Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News
1306:
1298:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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460:Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
456:American Association for Clinical Chemistry
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451:University of Nebraska Medical Center
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906:. Boston: Elsevier. pp. 1–11.
853:Carvalho, Matheus C. (2013-08-01).
13:
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912:10.1016/b978-0-12-410462-4.00001-9
300:IEEE Robotics and Automation Award
14:
1551:
1061:Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
843:
367:, devices (the most common being
902:Pearce, Joshua M. (2014-01-01).
859:Journal of Laboratory Automation
558:Journal of Laboratory Automation
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1126:from the original on 2018-11-06
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743:from the original on 2011-06-07
708:from the original on 2009-08-11
609:Felder, Robin A. (2006-04-01).
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731:46, No. 5, 2000, pgs. 246–250"
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507:Low-cost laboratory automation
348:Automated laboratory equipment
1:
1026:Biosensors and Bioelectronics
829:10.1016/S0009-8981(98)00151-X
538:
464:National Institutes of Health
764:Health Management Technology
664:10.1126/science.295.5554.517
628:10.1373/clinchem.2006.067686
7:
1362:Waltz, Emily (2017-03-22).
1144:Urban, Pawel (2016-04-20).
935:Groth, P.; Cox, J. (2017).
552:Olsen, Kevin (2012-12-01).
10:
1556:
1441:Carvalho, Matheus (2017).
1408:Carvalho, Matheus (2018).
1038:10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.087
766:magazine, October 1, 1995"
432:
250:Technological unemployment
1427:10.1016/j.ohx.2018.01.001
1073:10.1016/j.snb.2016.08.031
1011:10.1016/j.mio.2014.06.001
411:high-throughput screening
380:high-throughput screening
1332:10.1177/2472630318773693
1269:10.1177/2472630318822476
1086:Urban, Pawel L. (2015).
872:10.1177/2211068213476288
571:10.1177/2211068212455631
500:remote laboratory access
429:and other applications.
991:Methods in Oceanography
403:Keck Graduate Institute
384:combinatorial chemistry
498:provide on-demand and
490:Some startups such as
394:
349:
276:Trade shows and awards
1540:Laboratory automation
1525:Laboratory techniques
392:
353:Laboratory automation
347:
48:Automation in general
1530:Laboratory equipment
817:Clinica Chimica Acta
438:greater complexity.
219:Impact of automation
1503:on 25 February 2012
1389:Carvalho, Matheus.
1313:Iglehart B (2018).
1162:2016Natur.532..313U
1104:2015Ana...140..963U
1003:2013MetOc...8...23C
443:Dr. Masahide Sasaki
361:laboratory robotics
1112:10.1039/C4AN02013H
954:10.7717/peerj.3997
729:Clinical Chemistry
615:Clinical Chemistry
395:
350:
1454:978-3-527-34158-0
658:(5554): 517–518.
492:Emerald Cloud Lab
342:
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260:Post-work society
245:Self-driving cars
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100:Pool cleaner
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1092:The Analyst
1067:: 608–616.
1032:: 260–268.
522:3D printers
472:NIH Roadmap
468:NIH Roadmap
365:instruments
128:Switchboard
1519:Categories
1473:Katz, Alan
1375:2024-02-02
1130:2018-12-15
801:2009-02-20
776:2009-02-20
747:2009-02-20
712:2009-02-20
539:References
423:proteomics
419:microarray
415:genotyping
407:California
373:efficiency
228:Manumation
198:Industrial
186:Lawn mower
119:Telephone
80:Laboratory
32:Automation
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881:2211-0682
688:108766687
672:0036-8075
637:0009-9147
580:2211-0682
140:Vehicular
123:Attendant
110:Reasoning
105:Pop music
90:Broadcast
1535:Robotics
1497:77706455
1349:13671203
1341:29746790
1286:73412170
1278:30698997
1215:31633701
1180:27127816
1124:Archived
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