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Pop music automation

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390:(CBR) approach to generating poetic formulations of a given input text via a composition of poetic fragments that are retrieved from a case-base of existing poems. Each poem fragment in the ASPERA case-base is annotated with a prose string that expresses the meaning of the fragment, and this prose string is used as the retrieval key for each fragment. 76:
has written a software system called "Experiments in Musical Intelligence" (or "EMI") that is capable of analyzing and generalizing from existing music by a human composer to generate novel musical compositions in the same style. EMI's output is convincing enough to persuade human listeners that its
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and The MINSTREL system represent a complex elaboration of this basis approach, distinguishing a range of character-level goals in the story from a range of author-level goals for the story. Systems like Bringsjord's BRUTUS can create stories with complex interpersonal themes like betrayal. On-line
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Some systems exist that automatically choose chords to accompany a vocal melody in real-time. A user with no musical experience can create a song with instrumental accompaniment just by singing into a microphone. An example is a Microsoft Research project called Songsmith, which trains a
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metaphor generation systems like 'Sardonicus' or 'Aristotle' can suggest lexical metaphors for a given descriptive goal (e.g., to describe a supermodel as skinny, the source terms “pencil”, “whip”, “whippet”, “rope”, “stick-insect” and “snake” are suggested).
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The Tra-la-Lyrics system produces song lyrics, in Portuguese, for a given melody. This not only involves matching each word syllable with a note in the melody, but also matching the word's stress with the strong beats of the melody.
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for each note is constructed, completing a transition probability matrix (see below). An algorithm is constructed to produce an output note values based on the transition matrix weightings, which could be
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Projects in Pop music automation may include, but are not limited to, ideas in melody creation and song development, vocal generation or improvement, automatic accompaniment and lyric composition.
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and the cognitive demands that this places on a musical agent: reasoning about time, remembering and conceptualizing what has already been played, and planning ahead for what might be played next.
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th-order chains tend to "group" particular notes together, while 'breaking off' into other patterns and sequences occasionally. These higher-order chains tend to generate results with a sense of
57:, for example, can often be reduced to algorithmic determinant. Now the term is usually reserved, however, for the use of formal procedures to make music without human intervention. 425:) one can create musings on a subject that may be weak grammatically but are still sensical. See such projects as the Flowerewolf automatic poetry generator or the Dada engine. 1497: 26:
algorithmically. It is often based on the premise that pop music is especially formulaic, unchanging, and easy to compose. The idea of automating pop
627:, Shank, R. C. and Riesbeck, C. K., (eds.), Inside Computer Understanding: Five Programs plus Miniatures. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 1660: 697: 668: 498: 53:(or, at the very least, formal sets of rules) have been used to compose music for centuries; the procedures used to plot voice-leading in 409: 1565: 729: 597:, Proceedings of the 4th International Joint Workshop on Computational Creativity, pp. 47–55, London, UK, (June 2007) 578: 495:
automatic accompaniment, writes arrangements for given instruments, plays its own songs for an infinitely long time.
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Comprehending and Generating Apt Metaphors: A Web-driven, Case-based Approach to Figurative Language
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Artificial Intelligence and Literary Creativity. Inside the Mind of BRUTUS, a Storytelling Machine.
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is a field of study among musicians and computer scientists with a goal of producing successful
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rules are then used to combine these fragments into a well-formed poetic structure.
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structure, rather than the 'aimless wandering' produced by a first-order system.
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Classical music automation software exists that generates music in the style of
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A second-order Markov chain can be introduced by considering the current state
386:. Pablo Gervás has developed a noteworthy system called ASPERA that employs a 107:
using a music database and uses that model to select chords for new melodies.
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generates any element, potentially creates whole new songs from scratch.
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by xoxos. Simple lyrical vocal content is generated with simple music.
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also the previous state, as indicated in the second table. Higher,
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An expert system for the composition of formal Spanish poetry
459:- Infinite generator of electronic dance music and synth pop. 378:
Parsing existing Pop music (for content or word choice, e.g.)
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Tra-la-lyrics: an approach to generate text based on rhythm
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Automated lyric creating software may take forms such as:
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Creativity research in jazz has focused on the process of
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by xoxos. Audio input is vocoded in tune with the music.
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music is human-generated to a high level of competence.
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The Creative Process: A Computer Model of Storytelling
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Field of study among musicians and computer scientists
87:Inevitably associated with Pop music automation is 115:Automatic melody generation is often done with a 45: 1647: 592: 652: 723: 696:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 667:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 642:, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 593:Gonçalo Oliveira, Hugo; et al. (2007), 568: 681: 657:, Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 489::Automatic Accompaniment for Vocal Melodies 730: 716: 97: 369:Selecting words according to their rhythm 653:Bringsjord, S., Ferrucci, D. A. (2000), 1661:Applications of artificial intelligence 482:Musical Palette - Melody Composing Tool 1648: 637: 622: 607: 501:creates music in many different styles 452:Midi Internet Algorithmic Composition 711: 543:Computer Models of Musical Creativity 562: 540: 433: 360: 110: 421:Using a language database (such as 13: 132:), or any other desirable metric. 14: 1682: 682:Veale, Tony, Hao, Yanfen (2007), 417:Free association of grouped words 675: 646: 631: 616: 601: 586: 549: 534: 46:History of automation in music 1: 737: 527: 469: 860:Contemporary Christian music 30:is related to many ideas in 7: 1556: 571:The Computer Music Tutorial 505: 428: 384:natural language processing 10: 1687: 569:Curtis Roads, ed. (1996), 545:, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press 499:Automated Composing System 1527: 1347: 1158: 1110: 1082: 1075: 771: 745: 128:note values, frequency ( 40:computational creativity 98:Automatic accompaniment 36:Artificial Intelligence 1581:Popular music pedagogy 623:Meehan, James (1981), 608:Gervás, Pablo (2001), 465:- Trap beat generator. 1586:Rockism and poptimism 638:Turner, S.R. (1994), 517:Artificial creativity 1576:Pop music automation 541:Cope, David (2006), 388:case-based reasoning 20:Pop music automation 1566:Honorific nicknames 813:Paisley Underground 200: 137: 105:Hidden Markov model 781:Adult contemporary 198: 135: 121:probability vector 89:Pop music analysis 1643: 1642: 1625:Verse–chorus form 1571:Music and fashion 1523: 1522: 1230:Hong Kong English 1076:Regional variants 746:Stylistic origins 512:Algorithmic music 434:More or less free 399:Automatic analogy 361:Lyric composition 343: 342: 199:2nd-order matrix 196: 195: 136:1st-order matrix 111:Melody generation 32:algorithmic music 28:music composition 1678: 1559: 1359:Balkan pop-folk 1080: 1079: 732: 725: 718: 709: 708: 702: 701: 695: 687: 679: 673: 672: 666: 658: 650: 644: 643: 635: 629: 628: 620: 614: 613: 605: 599: 598: 590: 584: 583: 566: 560: 553: 547: 546: 538: 463:Algorithmic Trap 201: 197: 138: 134: 72:. Most notably, 1686: 1685: 1681: 1680: 1679: 1677: 1676: 1675: 1646: 1645: 1644: 1639: 1519: 1427:French Mandopop 1343: 1154: 1128:Brazilian (MPB) 1106: 1071: 767: 758:Traditional pop 741: 736: 706: 705: 689: 688: 680: 676: 660: 659: 651: 647: 636: 632: 621: 617: 606: 602: 591: 587: 581: 567: 563: 554: 550: 539: 535: 530: 508: 472: 436: 431: 363: 113: 100: 48: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1684: 1674: 1673: 1671:Computer music 1668: 1663: 1658: 1641: 1640: 1638: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1605: 1604: 1603: 1596:Talent manager 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1562: 1561: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1531: 1529: 1528:Related topics 1525: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1517: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1500: 1498:SFR Yugoslavia 1495: 1490: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1469: 1468: 1458: 1457: 1456: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1435: 1434: 1429: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1402: 1392: 1387: 1386: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1357: 1351: 1349: 1345: 1344: 1342: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1310: 1309: 1304: 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432: 430: 427: 419: 418: 408:Programs like 406: 405: 403:story creation 382:This involves 380: 379: 371: 370: 362: 359: 341: 340: 337: 334: 331: 327: 326: 323: 320: 317: 313: 312: 309: 306: 303: 299: 298: 295: 292: 289: 285: 284: 281: 278: 275: 271: 270: 267: 264: 261: 257: 256: 253: 250: 247: 243: 242: 239: 236: 233: 229: 228: 225: 222: 219: 215: 214: 211: 208: 205: 194: 193: 190: 187: 184: 180: 179: 176: 173: 170: 166: 165: 162: 159: 156: 152: 151: 148: 145: 142: 112: 109: 99: 96: 47: 44: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1683: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1666:Markov models 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1598: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1560: 1558: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1506: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1467: 1464: 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1294:Kazakhstani 1287:Shibuya-kei 1223:Chinoiserie 1176:Azerbaijani 1062:Traditional 1010:Psychedelic 1005:Progressive 870:Bro-country 808:Alternative 791:Quiet storm 1650:Categories 1618:Girl group 1591:Songwriter 1449:Macedonian 1422:French pop 1383:Turbo-folk 1339:Vietnamese 1329:Philippine 1257:Indonesian 1045:Electropop 956:Orchestral 929:Hypnagogic 904:Disco polo 528:References 493:Ludwig 3.0 470:Commercial 446:CubeBreath 440:BreathCube 74:David Cope 51:Algorithms 1656:Pop music 1635:Worldbeat 1608:Teen idol 1535:Celebrity 1515:Ukrainian 1508:VIA music 1439:Hungarian 1412:Eurodance 1400:Nederbeat 1355:Austropop 1324:Pakistani 1319:Malaysian 1277:Kayōkyoku 1150:Nueva ola 1123:Argentine 1095:Afrobeats 1050:Futurepop 1040:Synth-pop 1025:Space age 988:Pop metal 897:Freestyle 887:Dancehall 850:Bubblegum 786:Christian 739:Pop music 625:TALE-SPIN 487:SongSmith 410:TALE-SPIN 38:(AI) and 24:pop music 1613:Boy band 1478:Schlager 1461:Romanian 1267:Japanese 1250:Hindutva 1201:Mandopop 1186:Cantopop 1171:Assyrian 1138:Tropipop 1118:American 1100:Moroccan 1030:Sunshine 993:Pop-punk 973:Pop rock 951:Operatic 924:Hyperpop 796:Rhythmic 692:citation 663:citation 506:See also 429:Software 392:Metrical 1493:Turkish 1488:Swedish 1483:Serbian 1473:Russian 1454:Čalgija 1444:Italian 1417:Europop 1405:New pop 1390:British 1378:Tallava 1298:Korean 1282:Ryūkōka 1262:Iranian 1240:Bhangra 1196:Hokkien 1181:Chinese 1143:Mexican 968:Pop rap 961:Baroque 865:Country 855:Chamber 820:Ambient 423:wordnet 355:phrasal 1503:Soviet 1466:Manele 1373:Manele 1363:Chalga 1348:Europe 1235:Indian 1213:Xinyao 1206:French 1166:Arabic 1090:Africa 1083:Africa 983:Jangle 882:Cringe 875:Cowboy 773:Styles 577:  62:Mozart 1432:Yé-yé 1395:Dutch 1368:Laïko 1307:South 1302:North 1245:Filmi 1191:Hakka 1133:Latin 1067:Wonky 1035:Swamp 998:Power 934:Indie 909:Dream 892:Dance 835:Beach 830:Avant 801:Urban 457:infno 325:0.25 283:0.75 227:0.22 1557:Wota 1334:Thai 1272:City 1159:Asia 1057:Teen 944:Twee 919:Folk 840:Beat 698:link 669:link 575:ISBN 557:and 322:0.25 311:0.2 277:0.25 255:0.1 252:0.75 249:0.15 221:0.18 204:Note 178:0.7 175:0.05 172:0.25 164:0.3 141:Note 126:MIDI 70:jazz 68:and 66:Bach 64:and 1314:Lao 978:Emo 825:Art 401:or 347:and 330:GD 319:0.5 316:GA 308:0.4 305:0.4 302:GG 294:0.1 291:0.9 288:DG 274:DA 260:DD 246:AG 238:0.5 235:0.5 232:AD 224:0.6 218:AA 189:0.3 186:0.7 183:Eb 169:C# 161:0.6 158:0.1 150:Eb 1652:: 694:}} 690:{{ 665:}} 661:{{ 339:0 297:0 269:1 241:0 213:G 192:0 155:A 147:C# 130:Hz 91:. 42:. 34:, 731:e 724:t 717:v 700:) 671:) 351:n 336:0 333:1 280:0 266:0 263:0 210:D 207:A 144:A

Index

pop music
music composition
algorithmic music
Artificial Intelligence
computational creativity
Algorithms
counterpoint
Mozart
Bach
jazz
David Cope
improvisation
Pop music analysis
Hidden Markov model
Markov chain
probability vector
MIDI
Hz
phrasal
natural language processing
case-based reasoning
Metrical
Automatic analogy
story creation
TALE-SPIN
wordnet
BreathCube
CubeBreath
Midi Internet Algorithmic Composition
infno

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