1933:. All non-government workers may strike, though there are strict rules governing this. The ruling party is traditionally tied to labor, and some unions are government-run. Collective bargaining is technically permitted but is subject in practice to restrictions. Forced labor is illegal, but occurs, with many men and boys being trafficked into Angola for forced labor in construction and other sectors. Children under 14 are not allowed to work, but many children work on family farms, as street vendors, and in homes. Some children are forced to work as prostitutes, in the drug transport or sales, and as international couriers. There are many street children who beg, perform such jobs as shoeshining and carwashing, commit small crimes, or are sexually exploited. There is a low minimum wage, with most people relying on multiple jobs to earn a living. Most workers are employed in agricultural jobs or other sectors in which there is little or no government control of working conditions. There are laws that regulate working conditions but they are not well enforced even in the formal sector. Workers' rights are routinely violated with impunity. The occupational health and safety standards are poorly enforced, as are rulings on labor violations.
1172:
2267:
human conditions of work and for maternity relief". Article 43 says workers should have the right to a living wage and "conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life". Article 43A, inserted by the Forty-second
Amendment of the Constitution of India in 1976, creates a constitutional right to codetermination by requiring the state to legislate to "secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings". The recently released New Labour Codes 2022 mentions that organizations can convert 9-hour shifts to 12-hour shifts and provide three days of leave every week. The 4-day workweek policy will be effective from 1 July 2022.
1575:
1868:, article 3 lays down minimum standards for foreign workers so that workers receive at least the minimum rights that they would have in their home country in case their place of work has lower minimum rights. Article 3(7) says that this "shall not prevent application of terms and conditions of employment which are more favourable to workers". Most people thought this meant that more favourable conditions could be given than the minimum (e.g., in Latvian law) by the host state's legislation or a collective agreement.
1974:
and
Collective Bargaining Commission that takes part in such negotiations. Forced labor is illegal, although it exists in a number of sectors, with children often involved. Children under 12 may not work at any job; those between 12 and 14 may do light work or hold domestic jobs. But these restrictions are not fully enforced, and in reality children as young as seven work in farms, businesses, construction, markets, and other settings, with some being indentured to "agents" and put to work in other countries.
2654:, brought in to try to ensure pay equality for women in the workplace. Since 1997, changes in UK employment law include enhanced maternity and paternity rights, the introduction of a National Minimum Wage and the Working Time Regulations, which covers working time, rest breaks and the right to paid annual leave. Discrimination law has been tightened, with protection from discrimination now available on the grounds of age, religion or belief and sexual orientation as well as gender, race and disability.
687:
big companies to protect themselves from rivalry. Given the conditions, if the worker is in the agent-principal relationship, he is the employee of the company, and if the employee's invention is in the scope of employment i.e. if the employee creates a new product or process to increase the productivity and create organizations' wealth by utilizing the resources of the company, then the
Intellectual property solely belongs to the company. New business products or processes are protected under Patents.
7852:
2225:
can be concluded for a probation period, a definite period of time or an indefinite period of time. The Polish Labour Code provides regulations on employee benefits, annual leave, termination of the employment contract, discrimination in the workplace, disciplinary liability and many other employment-related issues. Polish employment contracts can be terminated in many ways, e.g. in a disciplinary mode, by a termination with a notice period or by a mutual agreement of both parts.
2425:
2379:
2318:
2036:
2018:
9092:
982:
1571:). Member compliance with the core Conventions is obligatory, even if the country has not ratified the Convention in question. To ensure compliance, the ILO is limited to gathering evidence and reporting on member states' progress, relying on publicity to create pressure to reform. Global reports on core standards are produced yearly, while individual reports on countries who have ratified other Conventions are compiled on a bi-annual or less frequent basis.
9106:
1710:
2263:
that democratically accountable institutions ought to be left with discretion, given the demands they could create on the state for funding from general taxation, although such views have since become controversial. Article 38(1) says that in general the state should "strive to promote the welfare of the people" with a "social order in which justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of national life.
2669:
2836:
1658:) issues arise where workers work in multiple jurisdictions. If a US worker performs part of her job in Brazil, China and Denmark (a "peripatetic" worker) an employer may seek to characterize the employment contract as governed by the law of the country where labour rights are least favourable to the worker, or seek to argue that the most favourable system of labour rights does not apply. For example, in a
1629:. An explicit reference to core labour standards could allow comparable action where a WTO member state breaches ILO standards. Opponents argue that such an approach could undermine labour rights, because industries, and therefore workforces could be harmed with no guarantee of reform. Furthermore, it was argued in the 1996 Singapore Ministerial Declaration 1996 that "the
1058:. Trade unions (also "labour unions" in the US) are organizations which generally aim to promote the interests of their members. This law regulates the wages, benefits, and duties of the employees, and the dispute management between the company and the trade union. Such matters are often described in a collective labour agreement (CLA).
1520:(ILO) founded on the principle that "labour is not a commodity", and for the reason that "peace can be established only if it is based upon social justice". ILO's primary role has been to coordinate international labour law by issuing Conventions. ILO members can voluntarily adopt and ratify the Conventions. For instance, the first
2688:. Despite the 40-hour standard maximum work week, some lines of work require more than 40 hours. For example, farm workers may work over 72 hours a week, followed by at least 24 hours off. Exceptions to the break period exist for certain harvesting employees, such as those involved in harvesting grapes, tree fruits and cotton.
2259:"equality of opportunity" for employment or appointment under the state. Article 19(1)(c) gives everyone a specific right "to form associations or unions". Article 23 prohibits all trafficking and forced labour, while article 24 prohibits child labour under 14 years old in a factory, mine or "any other hazardous employment".
1077:
and procedures under which unions are formed. They may guarantee the right to join a union (banning employer discrimination), or remain silent in this respect. Some legal codes allow unions to obligate their members, such as the requirement to comply with a majority decision in a strike vote. Some restrict this, such as "
2776:, training programmes and employment agencies based on race or colour, religion, sex and national origin. Retaliation is also prohibited by Title VII against any person for opposing any practice forbidden by statute, or for making a charge, testifying, assisting, or participating in a proceeding under the statute. The
487:
laid, However, in the early days, there were some unequal aspects, such as the target being limited to women and children and not adult men, as some of the more egregious aspects, of working conditions were steadily ameliorated through legislation. This was largely achieved through the concerted pressure from
2796:
Modern halakhic labour law developed very slowly. Rabbi Israel Meir
Hacohen (the Hafetz Hayim) interprets the worker's right for timely payment in a tendency that clearly favours the employee over the employer, but does not refer to new questions of employment relations. Only in the 1920s we find the
2691:
Professionals, clerical (administrative assistants), technical, and mechanical employees cannot be terminated for refusing to work more than 72 hours in a work week. These ceilings, combined with a competitive job market, often motivate
American workers to work more hours. American workers on average
2266:
Article 38(2) says the state should "minimise the inequalities in income" and based on all other statuses. Article 41 creates a "right to work", which the
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 attempts to put into practice. Article 42 requires the state to "make provision for securing just and
1973:
Workers are allowed to unionize and to strike, although they are required to provide three days' notice of strikes and the government can prohibit them for a variety of reasons. Workers, except for those in merchant shipping, are also entitled to bargain collectively. There is a
National Consultation
1484:
The extension of the principle of free trade, which induces between nations such a competition that the interest of the workman is liable to be lost sight of and sacrificed in the fierce international race between capitalists, demands that such organizations should be still further extended and made
1076:
with employers. Some countries require unions and/or employers to follow particular procedures in pursuit of their goals. For example, some countries require that unions poll the membership to approve a strike or to approve using members' dues for political projects. Laws may govern the circumstances
747:
At workplaces without collective agreements there exist no minimum wages. Non-organized employers can sign substitute agreements directly with trade unions but far from all do. The
Swedish case illustrates that in countries without statutory regulation part of the labour market may not have regulated
578:
for the workforce in general. In 1850, systematic reporting of fatal accidents was made compulsory, and basic safeguards for health, life and limb in the mines were put in place from 1855. Further regulations, relating to ventilation, fencing of disused shafts, signalling standards, and proper gauges
2792:
labour law are in the Bible, in which two commandments refer to this subject: the law against delayed wages (Lev. 19:13; Deut. 24:14–15) and the worker's right to eat the employer's crops (Deut. 23:25–26). The
Talmudic law—in which labour law is called "laws of worker hiring"—elaborates on many more
2548:
Prior to 1995, an employee could be dismissed in terms of the contract of employment, which could permit any reason for dismissal. Since 1995, an employee may be dismissed only for misconduct, operational reasons and incapacity, given that procedural fairness is maintained. The Labour
Relations Act
2004:
Children under 15 are not permitted to work in Belgium; those between 15 and 18 are allowed to do part-time work and to work full-time during school vacations; waivers can be granted for children working in, for example, entertainment. In larger cities some children are exploited by organized gangs
2000:
and other kinds of forced labor. A United Nations human-rights report that was issued in 2010 proposed that Belgium provide more assistance to victims of human trafficking and that it change its laws to ensure that residency permits are issued to such persons whether or not they choose to cooperate
715:
Many jurisdictions define the minimum amount that a worker can be paid per hour. Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Ireland, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Paraguay, Portugal, Poland, Romania, Spain, Taiwan, the UK, the
686:
Intellectual property is the vital asset of the business, employees add value to the company by creating Intellectual Property. As per Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), Intellectual Property is personal property. Intellectual property is used as competitive advantage by
2544:
The Labour Relations Act also regulates the issue of fairness, not only in termination but during employment. In 1998, most of the laws on unfair labour practices were removed from the Labour Relations Act and placed into the newly formed Employment Equity Act (EEA). The EEA also deals with issues
2262:
Articles 38–39, and 41-43A, like all rights listed in Part IV of the Constitution are not enforceable by courts, rather than creating an aspirational "duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws". The original justification for leaving such principles unenforceable by the courts was
2224:
In Poland, the main act on the Labour Law is the Polish Labour Code from 1974. Since its introduction into the legal system the act is constantly being adapted and updated to the current reality of the labour market in Poland. The basic form of employment in Poland is an employment contract, which
1976:
Owing to a shortage of inspectors, the labor code is enforced poorly and only in the so-called formal sector. There is a minimum wage but it is very low, and there are various restrictions on working hours and the like but these are generally only enforced in the "formal sector". Health and safety
486:
As England was the first country to industrialize, it was also the first to face the often appalling consequences of the industrial revolution in a less regulated economic framework. Over the course of the late 18th and early to the mid-19th century the foundation for modern labour law was slowly
2506:
Singapore has a "minimum legal obligation" rule which applies to employment contracts and in other fields of contracting, and limits damages payments for breach of contract. The rule applies in wrongful dismissal cases: generally, its effect would be to limit an employee's damages to the minimum
2468:) bill was completed in 2001. It was heavily inspired by the Hungarian, Czech as well Polish laws and incorporated the vast majority of the European Union regulations. The new labour code was formally enacted in 2002. Another major reform of the labour code was implemented in 2016, bringing more
1680:
he would have a right to claim unfair dismissal, but the Act left open the question of the statute's territorial scope. The UK Supreme Court held that the principle would be that an expatriate worker, would be subject to UK rules if the worker could show a "close connection" to the UK, which was
1133:
In Sweden, participation is regulated through the "Law on board representation". The law covers all private companies with 25 or more employees. In these companies, workers (usually through unions) have a right to appoint two board members and two substitutes. If the company has more than 1,000
641:
A major issue for any business is to understand the relationship between the worker and the master. There are two types of workers, independent contractors and employees. They are differentiated based on the level of control the master has on them. Workers provided tools and resources, closely
2646:
were the first laws regulating labour relations in the United Kingdom. Most employment law before 1960 was based upon contract law. Since then there has been a significant expansion primarily due to movements for equality and the legal requirements imposed by the UK's former membership of the
2258:
In the Constitution of India from 1950, articles 14–16, 19(1)(c), 23–24, 38, and 41-43A directly concern labour rights. Article 14 states everyone should be equal before the law, article 15 specifically says the state should not discriminate against citizens, and article 16 extends a right of
1636:
Some countries want to take advantage of low wages and fewer rules as a comparative advantage to boost their economies. Another contested point is whether business moves production from high wage to low wage countries, given potential differences in worker productivity. Since GATT, most trade
833:
In 1883, the Health Insurance Act was passed, which entitled workers to health insurance. The worker paid two-thirds and the employer one-third of the premiums. Accident insurance was provided in 1884, while old-age pensions and disability insurance followed in 1889. Other laws restricted the
582:
A series of further Acts, in 1860 and 1872 extended the legal provisions and strengthened safety provisions. The steady development of the coal industry, an increasing association among miners, and increased scientific knowledge paved the way for the Coal Mines Act of 1872, which extended the
1084:
In the different organization in the different countries trade union discuses with the employee on behalf of employer. At that time trade union discussed or talk with the manpower of the organization. At that time trade union perform his roles like a bridge between the employee and employer.
1115:
1976, shareholders and employees elect the supervisory board in equal numbers, but the head of the supervisory board with a casting vote is a shareholder representative. The first statutes to introduce board-level codetermination were in Britain, however, most of these measures, except in
1103:
A legally binding right for workers as a group to participate in workplace management is acknowledged in some form in most developed countries. In a majority of EU member states (for example, Germany, Sweden, and France), the workforce has a right to elect directors on the board of large
586:
By the end of the century, a comprehensive set of regulations was in place in England that affected all industries. A similar system (with certain national differences) was implemented in other industrializing countries in the latter part of the 19th century and the early 20th century..
527:. This was the first, albeit modest, step towards the protection of labour. The act limited working hours to twelve a day and abolished night work. It required the provision of a basic level of education for all apprentices, as well as adequate sleeping accommodation and clothing.
735:
Minimum wages are regulated and stipulated in some countries that lack explicit laws. The US is regulated by the Fair Labor Standards Act and has explicit laws, whereas other countries such as Sweden might lack explicit laws. In Sweden minimum wages are negotiated between the
1688:
article 8, workers have employment rights of the country where they habitually work. They may have a claim in another country if they can establish a close connection to it. The Regulation emphasises that the rules should be applied with the purpose of protecting the worker.
1875:(ECJ) said that only the local state could raise standards beyond its minimum for foreign workers. Any attempt by the host state, or a collective agreement (unless the collective agreement is declared universal under article 3(8)) would infringe the business' freedom under
1637:
agreements have been bilateral. Some of these protect core labour standards. Moreover, in domestic tariff regulations, some countries give preference to countries that respect core labour rights, for example under the EC Tariff Preference Regulation, articles 7 and 8.
583:
legislation to similar industries. The same Act included the first comprehensive code of regulation to govern legal safeguards for health, life and limb. The presence of more certified and competent management and increased levels of inspection were also provided for.
1489:
The International Labour Organization and the World Trade Organization have been a primary focus among international bodies for regulating labour markets. Conflicts arise when people work in more than one country. EU law has a growing body of workplace rules.
5114:
1104:
corporations. This is usually called "codetermination" and currently most countries allow for the election of one-third of the board, though the workforce can have the right to elect anywhere from a single director, to just under a half in Germany. However,
1258:(mobile strikers who travel to join a picket). Laws may prohibit obstructing others from conducting lawful business; outlaw obstructive pickets allow court orders to restrict picketing locations or behaving in particular ways (shouting abuse, for example).
802:
led to the first law on the length of a working day, passed in 1833 in England. It limited miners to 12 hours and children to 8 hours. The 10-hour day was established in 1848, and shorter hours with the same pay were gradually accepted thereafter. The 1802
2647:
European Union. UK employment law comes from Acts of Parliament, secondary legislation (made by a Secretary of State under an Act of Parliament), case law (developed by various courts), and retained Community law following the UK's departure from the EU.
1995:
Belgian law guarantees workers the right to unionize and bargain collectively, and all workers except those in the military have the right to strike. Although compulsory labor is illegal, individuals from Eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia are
638:, meaning the employer can terminate an employee from a position for any reason so long as the reason is not explicitly prohibited, and, conversely, an employee may quit at any time, for any reason (or for no reason), and is not required to give notice.
4324:
2556:, must be read with the EEA. The Skills Development Act provides that a small percentage of a labourer's salary must be contributed to the Department of Labour, enabling certain workshops to be run which are designed to develop skills.
690:
There are differing opinions on what constitutes a patentable invention. One area of disagreement is with respect to software inventions, but there have been court cases that have established some precedents. For example, in the case
530:
The rapid industrialisation of manufacturing at the turn of the 19th century led to a rapid increase in child employment, and public opinion was steadily made aware of the terrible conditions these children were forced to endure. The
547:, which limited the employment of children under eighteen years of age, prohibited all night work, and, crucially, provided for inspectors to enforce the law. Pivotal in the campaigning for and the securing of this legislation were
5140:
2549:
1995 is a pivotal piece of legislation, as it recognises the need for fast and easy access to justice in labour disputes. The Industrial Court had the status of a High Court, and therefore was not accessible to all labourers.
2007:
There is a minimum wage; the work day is eight hours, and the work week is 38 hours. These and other rules regulating work hours, safety, and other issues are enforced by the Employment and Labor Relations Federal Public
2719:
has an explicit requirement that the Federal Government not deprive individuals of "life, liberty, or property", without due process of law and an implicit guarantee that each person receive equal protection of the law.
1116:
universities, were removed in 1948 and 1979. The oldest surviving statute is found in the United States, in the Massachusetts Laws on manufacturing corporations, introduced in 1919, however, this was always voluntary.
483:, while employers sought a more predictable, flexible and less costly workforce. The state of labour law at any one time is therefore both the product of and a component of struggles between various social forces.
678:
The contract is subject to various legal provisions. An employer may not legally offer a contract that pays the worker less than a minimum wage. An employee may not agree to a contract that allows an employer to
2289:
Indonesia essentially rebuilt its labour law system in the early 2000s following regime change and with support of the ILO. These three statutes constituted a new legislative framework for industrial relations:
1907:
article 49. The ECJ said that it recognized the workers' "right to strike" in accordance with ILO Convention 87, but said that its use must be proportionately to the right of the business' establishment.
966:
and therefore "illegitimate" and "without any juridical value". The court considered that the two-years period of "fire at will" (without any legal motive) was "unreasonable", and contrary to convention.
5527:
2529:
and is based on the Labour Relations Act (LRA) 66 of 1995, which regulates the relationship between and rights of employers, employees and trade unions. The LRA also gives effect to Section 23 of the
791:
The maximum number of hours worked per day or other time intervals are set by law in many countries. Such laws also control whether workers who work longer hours must be paid additional compensation.
5118:
1824:, matters around direct wage regulation (e.g. setting a minimum wage), the fairness of dismissals and collective bargaining. A series of Directives regulate almost all other issues, for instance the
942:
states that an employee "can't be fired without any legitimate motive" and "before offering him the possibility to defend himself". Thus, on April 28, 2006, after the unofficial repeal of the French
2570:
In Sweden many workplace issues such as working hours, minimum wage and right to overtime compensation are regulated through collective bargaining agreements in accordance with the Swedish model of
2793:
aspects of employment relations, mainly in Tractate Baba Metzi'a. In some issues the Talamud, following the Tosefta, refers the parties to the customary law: "All is as the custom of the region ".
2177:
negotiated on May 25 and 26th in the middle of the May 1968 crisis, reduced the working week to 44 hours and created trade union sections in each enterprise. The minimum wage was increased by 25%.
1540:
2824:
model. Since the 1940s the halakhic literature on labour law was enriched by books and articles that referred to growing range of questions and basically adopted the liberal democratic approach.
2511:
under which the employer could properly have dismissed the employee. Various "general principles" have been identified which apply to the summary dismissal of employees on grounds of misconduct.
2498:(the Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI). While the law promises workers the right to strike and to organize, in practice it is difficult or impossible for independent unions to organize.
4703:
4682:
4328:
4910:
2797:
first halakhic authority to tackle the questions of trade unions (that could easily be anchored in Talmudic law) and the right of strike (which is quite problematic in terms of Talmudic law).
5810:
4089:
1243:
is often used by workers during strikes. They may congregate near the business they are striking against to make their presence felt, increase worker participation and dissuade (or prevent)
3550:
1524:
required a maximum of a 48-hour week, and has been ratified by 52 out of 185 member states. The UK ultimately refused to ratify the Convention, as did many current EU members, although the
4133:
4111:
3837:
2077:
ministers and the Premier's office staff along with all people employed by the government. Unpaid days off will also be implemented as well as limiting overtime to assist the wage cut.
1314:
5132:
4634:
4598:
2239:
Over fifty national and many more state-level laws govern work in India. So for instance, a permanent worker can be terminated only for proven misconduct or habitual absence. In the
1861:
a group of Latvian workers were sent to a construction site in Sweden. The local union took industrial action to make Laval Ltd sign up to the local collective bargaining agreement.
3705:
3145:
4140:, Department of Sociology, Lund University. Studies in Social Policy, Industrial Relations, Working Life and Mobility. Research Reports 2017:1, Appendix 3 (in English) Tables F-G
4118:, Department of Sociology, Lund University. Studies in Social Policy, Industrial Relations, Working Life and Mobility. Research Reports 2017:1, Appendix 3 (in English) Tables F-G
4671:
4653:
834:
employment of women and children. These efforts, however, were not entirely successful; the working class largely remained unreconciled with Bismarck's conservative government.
479:
as the relationship between worker and employer changed from small-scale production studios to large-scale factories. Workers sought better conditions and the right to join a
1247:
from entering the workplace. In many countries, this activity is restricted by law, by more general law restricting demonstrations, or by injunctions on particular pickets.
1610:
and other barriers to import and export of goods, services and capital between its 157 member countries. Unlike for the ILO, contravening WTO rules as recognized by the
562:. Many committees were formed in support of the cause and some previously established groups lent their support as well. The campaign finally led to the passage of the
555:. This act was an important step forward, in that it mandated skilled inspection of workplaces and rigorous enforcement of the law by an independent governmental body.
5847:
4942:
1189:
is the worker tactic most associated with industrial disputes. In most countries, strikes are legal under a circumscribed set of conditions. Among them may be that:
5711:
2739:
in their employment practices by treating employees, former employees, or job applicants unequally because of membership in a group, like a race, religion or sex.
2107:
2090:
1533:
1324:
58:
are social norms (in some cases also technical standards) for the minimum socially acceptable conditions under which employees or contractors are allowed to work.
3975:
3692:
3436:
3284:
1119:
In the United Kingdom, similar proposals were drawn up, and a command paper produced named the Bullock Report (Industrial Democracy) was released in 1977 by the
777:
The living wage is higher than the minimum wage and is designed so that a full-time worker should be able to support themselves and a small family at that wage.
1625:" to be inserted into the GATT agreements, for example, by amending Article XX, which provides an exception that allows imposition of sanctions for breaches of
6995:
5876:
2724:
1544:
5683:
5045:
5523:
2743:
protection requires that employees have a fair procedural process before they are terminated if the termination is related to a "liberty", like the right to
1568:
716:
US, Vietnam, Germany (in 2015) and others have laws of this kind. The minimum wage is set usually higher than the lowest wage as determined by the forces of
4732:
3800:
1126:
government. Unions would have directly elected half of the board. An "independent" element would also be added. However, the proposal was not enacted. The
5502:
Kjellberg, Anders (2009) "The Swedish Model of Industrial Relations: Self-Regulation and Combined Centralisation-Decentralisation", in Craig Phelan (ed.)
5739:
3121:
655:
for "essential terms") to an employee. This aims to allow the employee to know concretely what to expect and what is expected. It covers items including
523:, and the resulting report recommended the limitation of children's working hours. In 1802, the first major piece of labour legislation was passed − the
4502:
4034:
748:
minimum wages, as self-regulation only applies to workplaces and employees covered by collective agreements (in Sweden about 90 per cent of employees).
160:
5238:
4620:
4526:
4225:
1664:
1611:
4699:
4679:
3946:
1851:
have organized production globally. Unions have sought to take collective action and strikes internationally. This coordination was challenged in the
11010:
10767:
5558:
2716:
4902:
4881:
5814:
4176:
2533:. The LRA lays out the procedures for dispute resolution via the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) and establishes the
1595:
2299:
3. Law No. 2 of 2004 on Industrial Relations Disputes Settlement, established a new industrial relations dispute resolution system.
1903:(i.e., saying it was operating under Estonian law to avoid labour standards of Finland) infringed the business' right of free establishment under
701:
decided that Diehr is patent- eligible because they improved the existing technological process, not because they were implemented on a computer.
4128:
4106:
2086:
1821:
614:
The basic feature of labour law in almost every country is that the rights and obligations of the worker and the employer are mediated through a
4543:
3829:
2066:
In Canadian law, "labour law" refers to matters connected with unionized workplaces, while "employment law" deals with non-unionized employees.
10782:
10047:
5658:
552:
492:
1952:
provides the regulations governing Australian workplaces and employers. Australia has a minimum wage and workplace conditions overseen by the
5453:
5029:
4630:
4201:
1303:
1287:
5785:
4004:
1676:. He was told he would be hired under UK law terms and conditions, and this was arranged by a staffing department in Aberdeen. Under the UK
10027:
4594:
2762:
2545:
such as fairness regarding a worker's human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status or disability, as well as the issue of affirmative action.
2115:, effective 2008). The administrative regulations enacted by the State Council, the ministerial rules and the judicial explanations of the
1815:
1013:
factories were children. Child labour can be factory work, mining or quarrying, agriculture, helping in the parents' business, operating a
5611:
5424:
3600:
574:
These early efforts were principally aimed at limiting child labour. From the mid-19th century, attention was first paid to the plight of
10777:
5890:
5322:
4986:
2101:
5283:
10153:
9158:
6833:
6811:
5190:
3866:
2073:
announced that Saskatchewan's government is to cut 3.5 per cent from its workers and officers' wages in 2018. This salary cut includes
1893:
1134:
employees, this rises to three members and three substitutes. It is common practice to allocate them among the major union coalitions.
935:
4823:
4261:
1028:(where they may also work). Other children do jobs such as assembling boxes or polishing shoes. However, rather than in factories and
9885:
7737:
5636:
3107:
There are 189 Conventions, however some have been superseded by others. For instance, Conventions No. 2, 34, 96, and 181 all concern
1521:
524:
113:
3745:
642:
supervised, paid regularly, etc., are considered employees of the company. Employees must act in the best interest of the employer.
9777:
9073:
7581:
7143:
6258:
17:
4349:
7762:
5482:
5071:
3379:
3227:
2896:
2700:
818:. In 1878, Bismarck instituted a variety of anti-socialist measures, but despite this, socialists continued gaining seats in the
89:
5350:
4063:
2612:
laws. In particular, the civil standardization is distributed to a variety of laws. Of greater importance, particularly the new
10787:
7633:
7079:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6372:
5395:
3906:
1599:
1560:
5730:
3337:
10772:
5915:
5511:
2681:
2579:
2247:
held that dismissing an employee for repeated sleeping on the factory floor was illegal – the decision was overturned by the
1552:
5853:
5252:
10042:
7638:
6526:
6008:
5013:
2120:
2074:
1009:
was commonplace, often in factories. In England and Scotland in 1788, about two-thirds of persons working in water-powered
5370:
4932:
1171:
49:, and the government. Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, employer, and union.
9988:
5761:
5708:
2538:
2526:
1774:
532:
732:
and regulations, and while a majority of industrialized countries has a minimum wage, many developing countries do not.
511:
drew widespread public opinion against the use of children in dangerous conditions. A local inquiry presided over by Dr
10183:
4724:
4668:
4650:
3967:
3668:
3639:
3631:
3078:
2026:
1988:
1857:
1746:
1476:
would weaken worker bargaining power, as their employers could hire workers abroad to avoid domestic labour standards.
1418:
1180:
815:
62:(such as the former US Employment Standards Administration) enforce labour law (legislature, regulatory, or judicial).
4243:
4154:
3770:
3411:
3259:
1352:
543:
under nine years of age and limited the working hours to twelve. A great milestone in labour law was reached with the
10112:
9747:
9269:
8499:
8057:
7956:
7875:
7050:
6838:
6806:
5954:
5936:
5587:
4849:
4578:
3432:
3280:
3191:
3092:
2495:
2473:
2349:
1923:
1833:
1793:
1587:
1517:
1499:
1459:
1377:
1280:
939:
876:
5873:
4472:
645:
One example of employment terms in many countries is the duty to provide written particulars of employment with the
10995:
10178:
9860:
8613:
8482:
7860:
5679:
5041:
3527:
3074:
2491:
1966:
1696:
article 19, this requires the worker habitually works in the place where the claim is brought or is engaged there.
4442:
2274:
1753:
1032:, most child labour in the twenty-first century occurs in the informal sector, "selling on the street, at work in
798:
and the introduction of machinery, longer hours became far more common, reaching as high as 16 hours per day. The
10757:
10148:
10138:
9681:
9068:
8415:
8316:
7870:
6950:
4729:
4381:
3808:
1438:
1423:
1407:
1338:
1130:
offered proposals for worker participation in the "fifth company law directive", which was also not implemented.
993:
Child labour was not seen as a problem throughout most of history, only disputed with the beginning of universal
566:, which restricted the working hours of women and children in British factories to effectively 10 hours per day.
10762:
9930:
9151:
8575:
8209:
7880:
7643:
7015:
6967:
6233:
6181:
5978:
2952:
2209:
1731:
870:
756:
558:
A lengthy campaign to limit the working day to ten hours was led by Shaftesbury and included support from the
7928:
7731:
7623:
7035:
6583:
4494:
4026:
2582:
which regulates employment contracts and extensive employees' rights to employment under certain conditions.
2112:
1564:
1237:
or en-masse not reporting to work. Some labour law explicitly bans such activity, none explicitly allows it.
1176:
986:
469:
453:
2780:
expanded the damages available to Title VII cases and granted Title VII plaintiffs the right to jury trial.
1760:
10920:
10168:
10069:
8735:
8214:
7812:
6985:
6036:
4626:
4229:
3928:
3053:
2751:
2553:
2534:
2530:
1997:
1829:
1556:
1273:
5562:
5506:. Oxford: Peter Lang, pp. 155–198. Volume 1 (Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East).
4228:. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. March 31, 2006. Archived from
1836:
requires that proper notice is given and consultation takes place on decisions about economic dismissals.
11000:
10737:
10434:
10380:
10219:
10054:
9289:
9229:
8730:
7797:
7010:
4873:
3627:
3428:
3276:
3108:
2711:. The private sector is not directly constrained by the Constitution, but several laws, particularly the
1727:
1579:
1529:
4180:
3174:
Powell, Marvin A. (1995). "Metrology and Mathematics in Ancient Mesopotamia". In Sasson, Jack M. (ed.).
1254:(picketing a business connected with the company not directly with the dispute, such as a supplier), or
261:
10385:
10249:
10143:
9686:
9531:
9176:
8705:
8204:
7726:
7608:
7084:
6536:
6228:
6136:
5972:
3732:
Yale University Library holds full-text versions of the Ten Hours' Advocate in its microfilm department
2696:
2613:
1848:
1742:
1677:
985:
Two girls wearing banners in Yiddish and English with the slogan "Abolish child slavery!!" at the 1909
253:
2200:
in French labour laws, the CNE sparked criticism from trade unions and opponents claiming it favoured
10464:
10353:
10163:
10064:
9195:
9144:
8788:
7890:
7885:
7706:
7380:
7291:
7170:
5094:
4777:
2907:
2769:
2765:
prohibits employment discrimination based on age with respect to employees 40 years of age or older.
2469:
2205:
2197:
2116:
1872:
1840:
1655:
1467:
1142:
Workplace statutes in many countries require that employers consult their workers on various issues.
943:
819:
668:
656:
631:
5703:
Marc Linder, "Farm Workers and the Fair Labor Standards Act: Racial Discrimination in the New Deal"
5654:
4539:
1221:
is a refusal to buy, sell, or otherwise trade with an individual or business. Other tactics include
10990:
10985:
10837:
10589:
10494:
10459:
10439:
10107:
10059:
9865:
9727:
9701:
9671:
9320:
8583:
8565:
7895:
7865:
7556:
7358:
7117:
7074:
7040:
6541:
6531:
6213:
6001:
3688:
2777:
2712:
2677:
2520:
2296:
2. Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower, which legislated other minimum labour rights; and
1865:
1548:
1463:
1404:
752:
449:
285:
75:
8917:
5445:
5133:"New Labour Codes: From working hours to take-home salary, what will change from July 1 in India?"
4194:
10958:
10640:
10429:
10297:
10244:
10102:
10092:
9981:
9691:
9511:
9335:
9279:
9234:
8958:
8745:
8234:
8219:
7822:
7701:
7603:
7541:
7353:
6980:
6867:
6801:
6714:
5789:
5343:
4798:
4748:
3933:
3893:
3660:
3383:
3231:
2841:
2805:
2663:
2604:
of some kind. The regulation of the employment by private employers is largely harmonized at the
2565:
2436:
2390:
2329:
2193:
2170:
2047:
1720:
1391:
959:
896:
850:
794:
Before the Industrial Revolution, the workday varied between 11 and 14 hours. With the growth of
273:
4130:
Kollektivavtalens täckningsgrad same organisations graden hos arbetsgivarförbund och fackförbund
4108:
Kollektivavtalens täckningsgrad same organisations graden hos arbetsgivarförbund och fackförbund
3996:
3477:
2680:
of 1938 set the maximum standard work week to 44 hours. In 1950 this was reduced to 40 hours. A
10732:
10365:
10193:
9870:
9551:
9013:
8998:
7676:
7628:
7598:
7435:
7403:
7393:
7210:
7195:
7175:
7057:
6828:
6823:
6098:
5615:
5416:
5163:"Institutional Change, Continuity and Decoupling in the Indonesian Industrial Relations System"
3329:
2957:
2643:
2353:
2248:
2174:
2162:
1930:
1825:
1633:
of countries, particularly low-age developing countries, must in no way be put into question."
1574:
1525:
1049:
854:
615:
5887:
5318:
5306:
4979:
3586:
2758:
legislation, guarantees workers the right to form unions and engage in collective bargaining.
837:
In France, the first labour law was voted in 1841. It limited under-age miners' hours. In the
11005:
10747:
10633:
10562:
10417:
10302:
10264:
9676:
9330:
9117:
8710:
8388:
8199:
7618:
7613:
7551:
7496:
7445:
7067:
6598:
6571:
6243:
6171:
5275:
5232:
4937:
4354:
2993:
2821:
2357:
2189:
2123:
is the sole legal labour union. Strikes are formally legal, but in practice are discouraged.
2119:
stipulate detailed rules concerning various aspects of employment. The government-controlled
1943:
1693:
1630:
1539:
These require freedom to join a union, bargain collectively and take action (Conventions No.
1528:
adopts its principles, subject to individual opt-out. ILO's constitution comes from the 1944
1334:
1151:
1073:
906:
838:
741:
548:
476:
202:
71:
52:
Individual labour law concerns employees' rights at work also through the contract for work.
5162:
4827:
4818:
4816:
4151:"History of Federal Minimum Wage Rates Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, 1938 – 1996"
3858:
10856:
10799:
10422:
10402:
10229:
10117:
10037:
9340:
9254:
9244:
8838:
8184:
7686:
7462:
7415:
7235:
7230:
7005:
7000:
6975:
6915:
6759:
6739:
6691:
6561:
6476:
6314:
4522:
4272:
3473:
3183:
3176:
2947:
2885:
1953:
1883:, which makes clear in recital 34 that the host state may allow more favourable standards.
1879:
article 56. This decision was implicitly reversed by the European Union legislature in the
1513:
1112:
1098:
1002:
609:
516:
5840:
Invisible Hands, Invisible Objectives: Bringing Workplace Law and Public Policy Into Focus
5640:
2293:
1. Law No. 21 of 2000 on Trade Unions, which allowed free unionization; and
152:
8:
10980:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10890:
10752:
10712:
10474:
10444:
10312:
10173:
10097:
10087:
9935:
9789:
9772:
9396:
9355:
9249:
8993:
8133:
8050:
7591:
7586:
7524:
7472:
7190:
7158:
7148:
7030:
7020:
6551:
6546:
6367:
6347:
6268:
6188:
6166:
6146:
5994:
4813:
4359:
3742:
3003:
2902:
2870:
2617:
2461:
1900:
1811:
1251:
1240:
1166:
1127:
1108:
uses a split board system, in which a "supervisory board" appoints an "executive board".
1037:
647:
601:
361:
172:
59:
10370:
5929:
P. L. Malik's Industrial Law (Covering Labour Law in India) (2 Volumes with Free CD-ROM)
4595:"Tariff Preference Regulation (EC) No. 732/2008 Articles 7, 8, 15, and Annex II and III"
3464:
3363:
3211:
2255:
criticized the complexity, lack of modernization and flexibility in Indian regulations.
1767:
10951:
10863:
10742:
10667:
10484:
10449:
10360:
10317:
10287:
10259:
10254:
10224:
10198:
10022:
9974:
9920:
9722:
9696:
9621:
9501:
9491:
9325:
8808:
8467:
8321:
8306:
8284:
8028:
8008:
7961:
7951:
7691:
7655:
7519:
7408:
7388:
7261:
7225:
7112:
7094:
7025:
6661:
6521:
6501:
6456:
6357:
6342:
5256:
5182:
4409:
4306:
3567:
3519:
3469:
3135:
3043:
For example, an employee's refusal to violate law or an employee's assertion of rights.
3023:
2988:
2860:
2813:
2801:
2651:
2605:
2541:
as superior courts with exclusive jurisdiction to decide matters arising from the Act.
2460:
Lithuania began the work of rewriting the employment laws in 1996 and the Labour Code (
2415:
2308:
1949:
1820:
The European Union has extensive labour laws that officially exclude, according to the
1586:
has been the target for calls by labour lawyers to incorporate global standards of the
1363:
1105:
930:
926:
680:
635:
605:
575:
544:
144:
5709:
http://nationalaglawcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/assets/bibarticles/linder_racial.pdf
5474:
5067:
2270:
Also read: Labour Reforms by Government of India Ministry of Labour & Employment (
10812:
10682:
10574:
10538:
10528:
10489:
10479:
10407:
10397:
10327:
9845:
9840:
9631:
9556:
9465:
9381:
9345:
8793:
8715:
8553:
8296:
8291:
8244:
8169:
8163:
8003:
7921:
7802:
7782:
7514:
7479:
7311:
7205:
7185:
7104:
6957:
6892:
6566:
6516:
6491:
6451:
6446:
6377:
6223:
5950:
5932:
5911:
5593:
5583:
5507:
5347:
5314:
5210:
5186:
4791:
4646:
4574:
4401:
4310:
4055:
3938:
3898:
3664:
3635:
3511:
3187:
3088:
2983:
2917:
2865:
2485:
2369:
2244:
2234:
2152:
1880:
1685:
1668:
Ravat was from the UK but was employed in Libya by a German company that was part of
1651:
1348:
1123:
1078:
963:
811:
717:
392:
27:
Laws that mediate the relationship between workers, employers, unions and governments
5387:
3888:
2143:
No.262/2006 Sb. effective from 1 January 2007, superseded the Code of 65/1965.
10925:
10880:
10825:
10817:
10807:
10584:
10508:
10348:
10322:
10307:
10214:
10032:
10014:
9850:
9825:
9310:
8798:
8765:
8264:
8128:
8123:
8088:
7772:
7561:
7529:
7489:
7484:
7281:
7271:
7089:
6920:
6877:
6850:
6845:
6699:
6666:
6656:
6506:
6434:
6238:
6176:
6156:
6141:
5220:
5174:
4413:
4393:
4298:
3559:
3375:
3319:
3223:
3150:
2875:
2732:
2591:
2185:
2158:
1646:
1381:
1094:
922:
842:
737:
729:
698:
693:
563:
352:
5727:
4903:"Labour law prof says layoffs likely as Sask. gov't rolls back wages 3.5 per cent"
3140:
2772:, prohibiting unlawful employment discrimination by public and private employers,
2768:
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act is the principal federal statute with regard to
1395:
1367:
1203:, against a company by which workers are not directly employed, may be prohibited.
10937:
10900:
10876:
10677:
10672:
10652:
10611:
10606:
10553:
10548:
10412:
10392:
10269:
10234:
9666:
9616:
9516:
9486:
9224:
9186:
9047:
9020:
9008:
8988:
8922:
8900:
8880:
8875:
8855:
8720:
8700:
8695:
8598:
8558:
8269:
8194:
8118:
8103:
8023:
7832:
7767:
7576:
7546:
7534:
7398:
7296:
7163:
6496:
6263:
6066:
6041:
6031:
5894:
5880:
5734:
5715:
5374:
5354:
4736:
4686:
4675:
4657:
4179:[Law Decree] (in Portuguese). Senado Federal . 1 May 1940. Archived from
4137:
4115:
3749:
3333:
2998:
2973:
2968:
2962:
2912:
2817:
2552:
The Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA), the Health and Safety Act and the
2490:
Mexican labour law reflects the historic interrelation between the state and the
2278:
2201:
1615:
1503:
1200:
1194:
1120:
827:
672:
559:
512:
465:
277:
168:
156:
105:
101:
265:
10843:
10692:
10375:
10239:
10133:
10079:
9945:
9830:
9804:
9784:
9762:
9646:
9641:
9626:
9589:
9391:
9219:
9124:
8932:
8850:
8439:
8405:
8356:
8341:
8113:
8018:
7998:
7988:
7817:
7566:
7467:
7420:
7122:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6781:
6709:
6466:
6424:
6108:
6076:
5367:
3324:
3061:
2978:
2213:
2140:
2132:
1852:
1206:
1054:
Collective labour law concerns the relationship between employer, employee and
1014:
902:
799:
786:
760:
461:
343:
339:
281:
249:
5971:
5753:
5612:"Employers Maternity Leave Policy, Maternity & Paternity Allowance Policy"
4874:"Sask. premier wants to cut overall public sector worker compensation by 3.5%"
4302:
3859:"WTO | intellectual property (TRIPS) – what are intellectual property rights?"
1692:
It is also necessary that a court has jurisdiction to hear a claim. Under the
10974:
10646:
10567:
10515:
10454:
10292:
10158:
9915:
9880:
9875:
9794:
9752:
9576:
9546:
9506:
9386:
9376:
9350:
9315:
9294:
8978:
8937:
8823:
8803:
8775:
8725:
8690:
8664:
8659:
8652:
8603:
8543:
8383:
8373:
8331:
8254:
8249:
8179:
8138:
8062:
7792:
7711:
7696:
7681:
7452:
7430:
7336:
7220:
7153:
7127:
7062:
6905:
6862:
6857:
6704:
6588:
6486:
6208:
6061:
6046:
5178:
3942:
3902:
3548:
Ginsburg, Michael (1940). "Roman military clubs and their social functions".
3515:
2890:
2633:
2508:
2181:
1659:
1622:
1618:. This could include reinstatement of targeted tariffs against the offender.
1473:
1265:
1255:
1244:
1186:
1162:
998:
823:
795:
488:
437:
373:
331:
224:
45:
are those that mediate the relationship between workers, employing entities,
5597:
5278:[EXPLANATORY WORD of the Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania].
4289:
Clain, S. (2008). "How Living Wage Legislation Affects U.S. Poverty Rates".
1040: — far from the reach of official inspectors and from media scrutiny."
744:
that also cover non-union workers at workplaces with collective agreements.
10895:
10707:
10702:
10662:
10623:
9950:
9910:
9905:
9835:
9611:
9599:
9566:
9460:
9455:
9401:
9239:
9181:
9110:
8860:
8828:
8783:
8521:
8516:
8487:
8400:
8378:
8346:
8279:
8259:
8153:
8093:
8083:
8035:
7993:
7971:
7914:
7827:
7807:
7787:
7777:
7752:
7506:
7341:
7321:
7306:
7276:
7266:
7045:
6900:
6882:
6818:
6796:
6754:
6744:
6641:
6631:
6603:
6334:
6324:
6151:
6091:
5224:
4405:
4247:
4150:
3762:
3591:
3419:
3267:
3018:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2855:
2736:
2708:
2240:
2166:
1847:. Trade unions have sought to organize across borders in the same way that
1626:
1230:
1210:
1055:
1006:
976:
880:
858:
846:
710:
660:
540:
504:
480:
421:
369:
335:
321:
313:
302:
245:
241:
220:
198:
176:
109:
5582:(3 ed.). Houndsmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan. p. 12.
5446:"Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 | South African Government"
5417:"Basic Conditions of Employment Act 75 of 1997 | South African Government"
5213:"Background Report: Labour Law and Labour Dispute Resolution in Indonesia"
4397:
3056:, a worker has no right to organize where he is considered a manager, see
2017:
875:
Other labour laws involve safety concerning workers. The earliest English
10930:
10885:
10558:
10343:
9895:
9855:
9767:
9561:
9481:
9450:
9440:
9430:
9360:
9284:
9274:
9259:
9191:
9032:
8973:
8963:
8760:
8755:
8593:
8494:
8410:
8369:
8336:
8301:
8224:
8148:
8098:
8013:
7440:
7363:
7331:
6791:
6734:
6352:
6309:
6284:
6253:
6248:
6203:
6128:
6118:
6103:
6056:
5577:
5212:
4476:
4382:"Child Labor and the Division of Labor in the Early English Cotton Mills"
4090:"Self-regulation versus State Regulation in Swedish Industrial Relations"
3013:
2922:
2880:
2850:
2809:
2773:
2744:
2740:
2728:
2685:
2639:
2621:
2597:
2574:, i.e. regulation by the labour market parties themselves in contrast to
1888:
1669:
1509:
1433:
1067:
1033:
804:
772:
725:
721:
623:
536:
317:
294:
269:
257:
206:
83:
46:
5211:
Palmer, Wayne; Mahy, Petra; Sutherland, Carolyn Elizabeth (2020-09-27).
3523:
3499:
2424:
2378:
2317:
2035:
1555:), abolition of labour by children before the end of compulsory school (
981:
398:
In September 2011, archeological investigations done at the site of the
10697:
10618:
10579:
10523:
9925:
9890:
9809:
9799:
9717:
9445:
9264:
9096:
9025:
8905:
8843:
8588:
8509:
8504:
8462:
8444:
8432:
8393:
8239:
8189:
8174:
8158:
8108:
8045:
8040:
7650:
7457:
7370:
7348:
7316:
7215:
7180:
6945:
6910:
6872:
6786:
6749:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6636:
6593:
6578:
6556:
6481:
6319:
6299:
6218:
6086:
6081:
6051:
6017:
5849:
The International Encyclopaedia for Labour Law and Industrial Relations
4566:
4450:
3596:
2704:
2601:
2271:
2252:
2188:, reduced from 39 hours. Five years later, conservative prime minister
1734: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1209:
may be forbidden for example, among public safety workers, to maintain
1025:
947:
664:
627:
579:
and valves for steam-boilers and related machinery were also set down.
520:
508:
445:
385:
180:
5655:"Employers Working Time Regulations 1998 2009, Working Time Directive"
4417:
3571:
2735:. Equal protection limits the State and Federal governments' power to
2715:, limit the private sector discrimination against certain groups. The
2131:
In Czech Republic, the relevant regulation is called the Labour Code (
810:
Germany was the next European country to pass labour laws. Chancellor
10871:
10687:
10657:
10628:
9997:
9757:
9606:
9541:
9526:
9521:
9435:
9003:
8968:
8910:
8885:
8750:
8647:
8635:
8620:
8608:
8536:
8454:
8427:
8311:
7837:
7757:
7571:
7256:
6610:
6511:
6471:
6441:
6362:
6198:
6161:
4490:
3551:
Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association
3407:
3359:
3315:
3255:
3207:
2727:
explicitly prohibits states from violating an individual's rights of
2070:
1477:
1029:
994:
763:, 18 out of 28 member states have national minimum wages as of 2011.
619:
425:
384:
date the formation of burial societies among Roman Army soldiers and
381:
357:
326:
9091:
3801:"The Value of Intellectual Property, Intangible Assets and Goodwill"
3087:(2nd ed.). London: Institute of Employment Rights. p. 16.
1709:
861:
for workers and the law limiting the standard workweek to 40 hours.
10595:
9955:
9940:
9536:
9136:
9052:
9037:
8740:
8625:
8422:
7966:
7671:
6729:
6719:
6651:
6646:
6615:
6461:
6416:
6294:
6289:
6193:
6071:
4268:
3563:
3008:
2755:
2668:
2609:
1844:
1598:'s (WTO) operation has been proposed. WTO oversees, primarily, the
1226:
413:
399:
347:
290:
4246:. Department of Trade and Industry. March 31, 2006. Archived from
2608:
level, while public-sector employment still prevails a variety of
420:(98–117) indicating the existence of a shipbuilders guild. Rome's
10533:
10469:
9636:
8942:
8890:
8870:
8818:
8630:
8548:
8364:
8326:
8274:
7301:
7251:
6990:
6940:
6724:
6429:
6113:
5276:"Lietuvos Respublikos darbo kodekso projekto AIŠKINAMASIS RAŠTAS"
3424:
3272:
2789:
2208:(CPE) through a vote by emergency procedure, but that was met by
1897:
1603:
1594:
Because the ILO's enforcement mechanisms are weak, incorporating
1222:
1218:
1021:
1010:
951:
884:
402:
377:
298:
137:
93:
4980:"Schválený návrh nového zákoníku na webu Ministerstva vnitra ČR"
4741:
4262:"Minimum Wages 2005: Major Differences between EU Member States"
3500:"D. 47,22, 1, pr.-1 and the Formation of Semi-Public "Collegia""
3182:. Vol. III. New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons. p.
3146:
Duncombe v Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families
10188:
9584:
9496:
9042:
8895:
8640:
8531:
8526:
8472:
8143:
7425:
6773:
6412:
2021:
The interior of one of the Eaton's factories in Toronto, Canada
1807:
1607:
1234:
910:
841:
labour law was first effectively enforced, in particular after
457:
417:
405:
388:
227:
between a charterer and shipmaster, while Law 277 stipulated a
164:
148:
129:
125:
117:
5475:"Skills Development Act 97 of 1998 | South African Government"
2835:
2476:. The Labour Code 2016 formally entered force on 1 July 2017.
618:
between the two. This has been the case since the collapse of
10848:
9594:
8983:
8927:
8833:
8674:
8477:
7976:
7286:
5986:
5949:(2011 ed.). Eastern Book Company. 2011. pp. 1–224.
4498:
4495:"Report of the General Council to the Fourth Annual Congress"
4001:
Dr. Mayer & Kügler Rechtsanwälte PartG mbB – Arbeitsrecht
2096:
1673:
1193:
The strike is decided on by a prescribed democratic process (
1024:, sometimes combined with bringing in business for shops and
652:
194:
190:
187:
140:
97:
79:
9966:
5388:"Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 | South African Government"
2684:
entitles immigrants to work, without requirement a separate
2624:
as well as in the public sector, the Federal Personnel Act.
2165:
enacted a law mandating 12 days (2 weeks) each year of paid
10543:
8865:
8813:
8669:
8067:
7983:
7326:
6769:
5886:
E McGaughey, 'Behavioural Economics and Labour Law' (2014)
2196:(CNE). Addressing the demands of employers asking for more
2173:
limited the work week to 40 hours, excluding overtime. The
1904:
1876:
1684:
This fits within the general framework in the EU. Under EU
1072:
Trade unions are organized groups of workers who engage in
879:
was passed in 1802 and dealt with the safety and health of
409:
133:
121:
5743:, Colorado, 13 January 2015. Retrieved on 15 January 2015.
4769:
4473:"The Lordstown Struggle and the Real Crisis in Production"
1472:
The labour movement has long been concerned that economic
857:(1936–38) enacted the laws mandating 12 days each year of
755:, Brazil in 1940 India in 1948, France in 1950 and in the
7937:
6304:
5680:"Working More than 72 Hours in a Week Cannot be Required"
4573:. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
4325:"Un contrat en CNE jugé contraire au droit international"
3997:"Minimum Wage Act in Germany with effect from 01-01-2015"
3466:
The Documentary History of Insurance, 1000 B.C.–1875 A.D.
1583:
1582:
with real enforcement power through trade sanctions, the
5931:(2015 ed.). Eastern Book Company. pp. 1–3656.
4084:
4082:
4080:
1534:
Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work
822:. To appease the working class, he enacted a variety of
751:
National minimum wage laws were first introduced in the
346:(49–44 BC), and their reaffirmation during the reign of
5348:
Aldabe Fermin v Standard Chartered Bank (2010) SGHC 119
3423:. Translated by Harper, Robert Francis (2nd ed.).
3271:. Translated by Harper, Robert Francis (2nd ed.).
2348:
Iran has not ratified the two basic Conventions of the
7906:
6996:
List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents
5270:
5268:
5266:
3743:
http://www.historyhome.co.uk/peel/factmine/factory.htm
4077:
3073:
Two further general working time conventions are the
2108:
Labour Contract Law of the People's Republic of China
2091:
Labour Contract Law of the People's Republic of China
5307:"Main Features of Lithuanian Labour Law Reform 2016"
4933:"Trade Union Law and Collective Bargaining in China"
4564:
4327:(in French). Reuters. April 28, 2006. Archived from
2831:
1493:
740:
parties (unions and employer organizations) through
622:. Many contract terms and conditions are covered by
535:
was the outcome of the efforts of the industrialist
147:(c. 2254–2218 BC), Sargon's grandson, including for
5504:
Trade Unionism since 1945: Towards a Global History
5263:
5161:Rupidara, Neil Semuel; McGraw, Peter (2010-11-22).
4826:. United States Department of State. Archived from
2692:take the fewest days off of any developed country.
2494:. The confederation is officially aligned with the
5906:S Deakin, C Barnard, Z Adams and S Fraser-Butlin,
4621:Ravat v Halliburton Manufacturing and Services Ltd
3752:"The Factory Question" accessed 20 March 2009
3175:
3167:
2783:
2161:'s laws passed in 1884. Between 1936 and 1938 the
1843:has recently extended the Treaties provisions via
1665:Ravat v Halliburton Manufacturing and Services Ltd
237:-shekel per day freight rate for a 60-gur vessel.
5637:"Statutory Regulations In British Employment Law"
5561:. Sarah Edmunds Legal. 2013-03-28. Archived from
5357:, decided 22 April 2010, accessed 2 December 2022
4850:"Official Documents System of the United Nations"
4379:
10972:
5786:"US Constitution – 5th and 14th Amendments"
5780:
5778:
5377:, section on "Misconduct", accessed 6 March 2023
5368:Employment Contracts – Termination and Dismissal
4571:Can Labor Standards Improve Under Globalization?
3587:"Huge Ancient Roman Shipyard Unearthed in Italy"
3400:
3395:275. If anyone hires a ... day as rent therefor.
3352:
3300:§234. If a boatman build ... silver as his wage.
3248:
3200:
1596:labour standards in the World Trade Organization
5899:Keith Ewing, Aileen McColgan and Hugh Collins,
4096:. Lund: Juristförlaget I Lund 2017, pp. 357–383
4092:In Mia Rönnmar and Jenny Julén Votinius (eds.)
3243:234. If a shipbuilder builds ... as a present .
3122:European Union–South Korea Free Trade Agreement
1822:Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
1137:
826:social reforms, which became the first type of
5803:
5639:. Access Solicitor. 2013-10-01. Archived from
5237:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
5160:
4542:. World Trade Organization. 13 December 1996.
1977:standards are not enforced effectively either.
1832:prohibits all forms of discrimination and the
1295:
493:Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury
9982:
9575:
9152:
7922:
6002:
5775:
5109:
5107:
4254:
3887:Conley, David Orozco and James (2008-05-12).
3683:From an " Essay on Trade " (1770), quoted in
2525:South African labour law is regulated by the
1640:
1305:ILO Declaration of Fundamental Rights of 1998
1281:
1081:" legislation in parts of the United States.
5092:
4824:"2009: State Department Human Rights Report"
3830:"Paid Program: IP Risk in IPOs and M&As"
3790:e.g. In the European Union, Directive 91/533
3712:, no. 19449, p. 7, 18 January 1847
2763:Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
2642:(first one in 1802, then 1833) and the 1823
2087:Labour Law of the People's Republic of China
1816:Directive on services in the internal market
1672:. He was dismissed by a supervisor based in
297:in approximately 133 AD during the reign of
5888:LSE Legal Studies Working Paper No. 20/2014
5095:"Split Legal Regime in India's Labour Laws"
4358:(in French). April 28, 2006. Archived from
3491:
3310:
3308:
2695:The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments of the
1989:Human rights in Belgium § Employees' rights
1261:
1017:(such as selling food), or doing odd jobs.
9989:
9975:
9886:International comparisons of labour unions
9159:
9145:
7929:
7915:
6009:
5995:
5104:
4489:
4056:"Employment standards affecting employees"
2578:(labour laws). A notable exception is the
1924:Human rights in Angola § Employees' rights
1894:International Transport Workers Federation
1516:contained the first constitution of a new
1288:
1274:
1088:
7738:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act
5548:J. Brühwiler: Arbeitsrecht in der Schweiz
4437:
4435:
4288:
4153:. Department of Labor. January 31, 2015.
3452:§275. If a man hire ... its hire per day.
3406:
3358:
3314:
3254:
3206:
2204:. In 2006, he then attempted to pass the
1967:Human rights in Benin § Employees' rights
1794:Learn how and when to remove this message
1522:Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919
630:. In the US for example, the majority of
11011:Industrial and organizational psychology
9074:History of the American legal profession
7582:Job losses caused by the Great Recession
6259:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates
5524:"Lagen om Anställningsskydd SFS 1982:80"
4443:"The State of the World's Children 1997"
3968:"General information concerning patents"
3929:"5 'IP' Mistakes Start-ups Should Avoid"
3624:Wage Labor and Guilds in Medieval Europe
3547:
3305:
3124:(14 May 2011) OJ 2011 L127, Article 13.
2667:
2650:The first significant expansion was the
2216:finally had no choice but to repeal it.
2102:Labour Law of People's Republic of China
2016:
1828:guarantees 28 days of paid holiday, the
1573:
1170:
1145:
1043:
980:
590:
240:In 1816, an archeological excavation in
155:(c. 1755–1750 BC) stipulated a 2-shekel
7763:Credentialism and educational inflation
5922:Labor and Employment: Workplace Warzone
5575:
5569:
5304:
4964:Bělina, Mirosla. "Nový zákoník práce".
4700:"Brussels I Regulation (EC) No 44/2001"
4470:
4317:
3926:
3654:
3621:
3497:
3380:Records of the Past Exploration Society
3328:. Translated by King, Leonard William.
3228:Records of the Past Exploration Society
3081:(No. 52). For general information, see
2897:Journal of Individual Employment Rights
1911:
1614:opens a country to retaliation through
503:A serious outbreak of fever in 1784 in
14:
10973:
7634:List of countries by unemployment rate
5924:", Georgetown University Thesis (2005)
5901:Labour Law, Cases, Texts and Materials
5086:
4432:
4218:
4157:from the original on November 21, 2019
3886:
3657:The Constitution of the Roman Republic
3603:from the original on February 13, 2021
3585:Welsh, Jennifer (September 23, 2011).
3178:Civilizations of the Ancient Near East
3173:
3111:, but only Convention 181 is in force.
2157:In France, the first labour laws were
1998:trafficked to Belgium for prostitution
1892:, the ECJ held that a blockade by the
1600:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
1563:), and no discrimination at work (No.
1536:classified eight conventions as core.
475:Labour law arose in parallel with the
9970:
9140:
7910:
5990:
5074:from the original on 21 December 2022
5048:from the original on 16 December 2022
4930:
4094:Festskrift till Ann Numhauser-Henning
3584:
3082:
3058:NLRB v. Kentucky River Community Care
1896:against a business that was using an
1269:
1250:For example, labour law may restrict
569:
9166:
6527:Practice-based professional learning
5845:
5838:Stephen F. Befort and John W. Budd,
5559:"Equality In British Employment Law"
5325:from the original on 5 December 2023
3412:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
3364:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
3320:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
3260:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
3212:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
2419:
2373:
2312:
2272:https://labour.gov.in/labour-reforms
2121:All China Federation of Trade Unions
2030:
1732:adding citations to reliable sources
1703:
1327:(EC) No 732/2008 arts 7-8, 15 and 27
1156:
864:
807:was the first labour law in the UK.
525:Health and Morals of Apprentices Act
7080:Workers' right to access the toilet
5253:"Ratification of basic Conventions"
4540:"Singapore Ministerial Declaration"
4143:
2600:covers all standards governing the
2527:Department of Employment and Labour
1855:in two controversial decisions. In
595:
533:Cotton Mills and Factories Act 1819
24:
10028:Accidental death and dismemberment
5832:
5530:from the original on 18 April 2021
5117:. World Bank. 2008. Archived from
4963:
4725:Laval Ltd v Swedish Builders Union
4380:Galbi, Douglas A. (13 June 1994).
4236:
3632:University of North Carolina Press
3442:from the original on June 13, 2021
3290:from the original on June 13, 2021
2027:Canadian labour and employment law
1858:Laval Ltd v Swedish Builders Union
1419:Laval Ltd v Swedish Builders Union
1181:1926 United Kingdom general strike
816:Social Democratic Party of Germany
814:'s main goal was to undermine the
25:
11022:
9748:Labour spies in the United States
8058:Restitution and unjust enrichment
5964:
5728:"Remember Exemptions to the FLSA"
4945:from the original on 12 July 2019
4799:"2010 Human Rights Report: Benin"
3767:LII / Legal Information Institute
3374:(3). Translated by Sommer, Otto.
3340:from the original on May 10, 2021
3222:(3). Translated by Sommer, Otto.
2754:, enacted in 1935 as part of the
2627:
2496:Institutional Revolutionary Party
2360:and one abolishing child labour.
2350:International Labour Organization
2126:
1834:Collective Redundancies Directive
1588:International Labour Organization
1518:International Labour Organization
1500:International Labour Organization
1494:International Labour Organization
1460:International Labour Organization
1378:Duncombe v Secretary for Children
1315:Singapore Ministerial Declaration
970:
940:International Labour Organization
905:against employees, in particular
890:
88:Following the unification of the
10154:Directors and officers liability
9861:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
9105:
9104:
9090:
7851:
7850:
7144:Corporate collapses and scandals
5920:Keshawn Walker and Arn Morell, "
5842:(2009) Stanford University Press
5754:"Paid Vacation Around the World"
5614:. Citation.co.uk. Archived from
4546:from the original on 5 June 2021
2834:
2657:
2492:Confederation of Mexican Workers
2423:
2377:
2316:
2251:two decades later. In 2008, the
2034:
1987:This section is an excerpt from
1965:This section is an excerpt from
1922:This section is an excerpt from
1708:
681:dismiss them for illegal reasons
416:constructed during the reign of
143:in each city was promulgated by
9682:Enterprise bargaining agreement
9069:History of the legal profession
5764:from the original on 2016-12-20
5746:
5720:
5697:
5686:from the original on 2007-01-29
5672:
5661:from the original on 2016-01-01
5647:
5629:
5604:
5551:
5542:
5516:
5496:
5485:from the original on 2022-11-16
5467:
5456:from the original on 2023-03-12
5438:
5427:from the original on 2022-11-16
5409:
5398:from the original on 2022-11-16
5380:
5360:
5337:
5298:
5286:from the original on 2023-09-14
5245:
5204:
5193:from the original on 2021-04-27
5167:Journal of Industrial Relations
5154:
5143:from the original on 2022-06-28
5125:
5060:
5034:
5020:
5003:
4992:from the original on 2011-07-18
4972:
4957:
4931:Wrest, Samuel (21 April 2017).
4924:
4913:from the original on 2021-05-01
4895:
4884:from the original on 2017-05-22
4866:
4842:
4780:from the original on 2023-05-24
4762:
4717:
4706:from the original on 2015-05-16
4692:
4662:
4640:
4612:
4601:from the original on 2016-08-17
4587:
4558:
4532:
4516:
4505:from the original on 2018-07-16
4483:
4464:
4386:Journal of Population Economics
4373:
4350:"Bernard Thibault au plus haut"
4342:
4282:
4207:from the original on 2021-04-18
4187:
4169:
4121:
4099:
4066:from the original on 2022-07-20
4048:
4037:from the original on 2021-07-28
4019:
4007:from the original on 1 May 2021
3989:
3978:from the original on 2021-01-16
3960:
3949:from the original on 2021-04-18
3920:
3909:from the original on 2020-12-01
3880:
3869:from the original on 2019-07-06
3851:
3840:from the original on 2021-04-18
3822:
3793:
3784:
3773:from the original on 2021-05-31
3755:
3735:
3726:
3698:
3685:History of Factory Legislation,
3677:
3648:
3615:
3578:
3530:from the original on 2020-11-12
3127:
3114:
3101:
3067:
3046:
3037:
2784:Halakhah (Jewish religious law)
2514:
1719:needs additional citations for
1547:), abolition of forced labour (
1061:
704:
498:
324:. Following the passage of the
9931:Occupational safety and health
7644:Employment-to-population ratio
7016:Occupational health psychology
6016:
5979:New International Encyclopedia
5707:16 (1987): 1335–87. Online at
5305:Davulis, Tomas (20 Jul 2017).
5093:Parul Sharma (February 2007).
5014:Section syndicale d'entreprise
4649:(Regulation (EC) No 593/2008)
4027:"Minimum Wage By Country 2021"
3927:Johnson, Antone (2012-05-10).
3541:
3457:
2953:Occupational safety and health
2820:adopts the liberal democratic
2585:
2139:). The new labour code of the
2099:the basic labour laws are the
1621:Proponents have called for a "
958:(labour law court) judged the
871:Occupational safety and health
766:
13:
1:
9996:
7732:Works Progress Administration
7624:Unemployment Convention, 1919
7036:Personal protective equipment
6584:Occupational Outlook Handbook
5115:"India Country Overview 2008"
4565:Elliot, Kimberly Ann (2003).
4195:"The Minimum Wages Act, 1948"
3160:
2210:students and unions' protests
1612:dispute settlement procedures
1177:Tyldesley, Greater Manchester
368:required the approval of the
114:common Mesopotamian standards
10921:Savings and loan association
7813:Psychopathy in the workplace
6986:Human factors and ergonomics
4966:Právní rozhledy, May 9, 2006
4637:from the original. ( UKSC 1)
4627:United Kingdom Supreme Court
4529:, Section I, and Article 427
3079:Holidays with Pay Convention
3054:National Labor Relations Act
2752:National Labor Relations Act
2501:
2455:
2284:
1937:
1830:Equality Framework Directive
1138:Information and consultation
1020:Children work as guides for
916:
728:. Each country sets its own
7:
10354:Insurance-linked securities
9290:Duty of fair representation
9230:National trade union centre
7798:Narcissism in the workplace
7011:Occupational exposure limit
5813:. findUSlaw. Archived from
5788:. findUSlaw. Archived from
4629: 8 February 2012),
4392:(4). Galbi Think!: 357–75.
4226:"Minimum wage (guaranteed)"
3622:Epstein, Steven A. (1995).
3429:University of Chicago Press
3277:University of Chicago Press
3109:private employment agencies
2827:
1580:international organizations
1530:Declaration of Philadelphia
468:, and maintaining specific
412:revealed inscriptions in a
10:
11027:
10043:Total permanent disability
9687:Global Framework Agreement
8736:International legal theory
8215:International slavery laws
8210:International human rights
8205:International criminal law
7727:Civil Works Administration
7609:Technological unemployment
7085:Workplace health promotion
6537:Professional certification
6234:Personality–job fit theory
5811:"Civil Rights Act of 1964"
4801:. U.S. Department of State
4751:. U.S. Department of State
3075:Forty-Hour Week Convention
2747:, or a property interest.
2697:United States Constitution
2661:
2631:
2589:
2563:
2518:
2483:
2413:
2367:
2306:
2232:
2184:'s government enacted the
2150:
2113:National People's Congress
2084:
2024:
2001:with court authorities.
1986:
1981:
1964:
1941:
1921:
1849:multinational corporations
1805:
1678:Employment Rights Act 1996
1644:
1641:Work in multiple countries
1497:
1457:
1296:International labour cases
1160:
1149:
1092:
1065:
1047:
987:International Workers' Day
974:
920:
894:
868:
784:
770:
708:
636:employment to be "at-will"
599:
378:authorized as legal bodies
69:
65:
10946:
10798:
10783:Health insurance coverage
10723:
10507:
10336:
10278:
10207:
10126:
10078:
10048:Business overhead expense
10013:
10004:
9818:
9740:
9710:
9659:
9474:
9423:
9414:
9369:
9303:
9212:
9205:
9172:
9084:
9061:
8951:
8789:Administration of justice
8774:
8683:
8574:
8453:
8355:
8076:
7944:
7846:
7745:
7707:Guaranteed minimum income
7664:
7505:
7379:
7292:Organizational commitment
7244:
7136:
7103:
6966:
6891:
6768:
6690:
6624:
6411:
6333:
6277:
6127:
6024:
5973:"Labor Legislation"
5576:Lockton, Deborah (1999).
4303:10.1007/s12122-007-9028-8
4291:Journal of Labor Research
4031:worldpopulationreview.com
4003:. Lawyer Michael Kügler.
3889:"Shape of Things to Come"
2908:Labour market flexibility
2770:employment discrimination
2580:Employment Protection act
2559:
2479:
2363:
2219:
2206:First Employment Contract
2146:
2012:
1916:
1873:European Court of Justice
1841:European Court of Justice
1699:
1656:private international law
1602:treaty aimed at reducing
1468:Private international law
1445:
1430:
1415:
1402:
1388:
1374:
1360:
1346:
1332:
1322:
1312:
1301:
944:First Employment Contract
225:contract of affreightment
153:Code of Hammurabi Law 234
10184:Protection and indemnity
9866:Equal pay for equal work
9702:Union security agreement
9672:Collaborative bargaining
9321:Social movement unionism
8566:Basic structure doctrine
8416:Natural and legal rights
8297:Public international law
7876:Aspects of organizations
7557:Involuntary unemployment
7118:Equal pay for equal work
7041:Repetitive strain injury
6542:Professional development
6532:Professional association
6214:Letter of recommendation
5870:A Casebook on Labour Law
5179:10.1177/0022185610381563
4088:Anders Kjellberg (2017)
3655:Lintott, Andrew (1999).
3030:
2778:Civil Rights Act of 1991
2713:Civil Rights Act of 1964
2678:Fair Labor Standards Act
2521:South African labour law
2474:protection for employees
2472:, yet balancing it with
2409:
2228:
2080:
1959:
1866:Posted Workers Directive
1464:World Trade Organization
1405:Posted Workers Directive
1341:, recital 13, arts 18-20
1262:International labour law
780:
724:and therefore acts as a
515:, was instituted by the
209:. Law 276 stipulated a 2
76:Collegium (ancient Rome)
18:Labor and employment law
10996:Employment compensation
10641:Explanation of benefits
10113:Variable universal life
9512:Occupation of factories
9235:Global union federation
8746:Principle of typicality
8220:International trade law
7936:
7861:Aspects of corporations
7823:Slow movement (culture)
7702:Employer of last resort
7604:Structural unemployment
7542:Frictional unemployment
6981:Epilepsy and employment
6868:Performance-related pay
6802:National average salary
6715:996 working hour system
5910:(2021) Hart Publishing
5344:Government of Singapore
5280:Parliament of Lithuania
4244:"National Minimum Wage"
3934:The Wall Street Journal
3894:The Wall Street Journal
3722:(subscription required)
3661:Oxford University Press
2842:Organized labour portal
2699:limit the power of the
2664:United States labor law
2566:Swedish labour movement
2302:
2194:New Employment Contract
1681:found in Rabat's case.
1392:Ravat v Halliburton Ltd
1089:Workplace participation
989:parade in New York City
960:New Employment Contract
956:conseil des prud'hommes
897:Anti-discrimination law
312:was any association in
10778:Health insurance costs
10179:Professional liability
9871:Exploitation of labour
9552:Organizational dissent
7871:Aspects of occupations
7677:Unemployment insurance
7629:Unemployment extension
7599:Reserve army of labour
7404:Constructive dismissal
7211:Sleeping while on duty
7176:Exploitation of labour
7058:Sick building syndrome
6229:Person–environment fit
6099:Independent contractor
5947:Labour Laws – A Primer
5903:(2005) Hart Publishing
5227:(inactive 2024-08-28).
5225:10.26180/5f1f7535af85e
5068:"Labour Law in Poland"
5017:December 27, 1968, law
4770:"Fair Work Commission"
4271:. 2005. Archived from
2958:Occupational licensing
2673:
2644:Master and Servant Act
2554:Skills Development Act
2465:
2354:freedom of association
2249:Supreme Court of India
2136:
2117:Supreme People's Court
2022:
1826:Working Time Directive
1591:
1526:Working Time Directive
1487:
1355:, recitals 34-5, art 8
1325:Procurement Regulation
1183:
1175:Strikers gathering in
1050:Freedom of association
990:
616:contract of employment
260:from the ruins of the
254:Nerva–Antonine dynasty
10634:Out-of-pocket expense
10495:Workers' compensation
10149:Collateral protection
10139:Business interruption
9728:Workers' compensation
9677:Collective bargaining
9331:Members-only unionism
8741:Principle of legality
8500:Delegated legislation
8200:Intellectual property
7881:Aspects of workplaces
7619:Unemployment benefits
7614:Types of unemployment
7552:Graduate unemployment
7446:Letter of resignation
7075:Workers' compensation
7068:Occupational fatality
6572:Vocational university
6172:Employment counsellor
5760:. Pearson Education.
4938:China Business Review
4479:on February 13, 2006.
4398:10.1007/s001480050048
4060:Kingsley and Kingsley
3706:"The Ten Hours' Bill"
3083:Ewing, Keith (1994).
3052:In the US, under the
2994:Trade Boards Act 1909
2822:collective bargaining
2671:
2358:collective bargaining
2190:Dominique de Villepin
2111:(adopted at the 10th
2085:Further information:
2020:
1950:Fair Work Act of 2009
1944:Australian Labour Law
1694:Brussels I Regulation
1631:comparative advantage
1577:
1482:
1335:Brussels I Regulation
1174:
1152:Collective bargaining
1146:Collective bargaining
1074:collective bargaining
1044:Collective labour law
1038:hidden away in houses
984:
911:gender discrimination
907:racial discrimination
753:United States in 1938
742:collective agreements
591:Individual labour law
517:justices of the peace
477:Industrial Revolution
430:corpus naviculariorum
395:(193–211) in 198 AD.
186:Law 275 stipulated a
72:History of labour law
10857:Corpus Juris Civilis
9341:Open-source unionism
9255:Father of the chapel
9245:Union representative
8959:Barristers' chambers
8901:Legal representation
8839:Justice of the peace
8185:Financial regulation
7687:Job creation program
7463:Mandatory retirement
7416:Employee offboarding
7236:Workplace incivility
7231:Workplace harassment
7006:Occupational disease
7001:Occupational burnout
6916:Disability insurance
6760:Workweek and weekend
6740:Retroactive overtime
6562:Vocational education
6477:Continuing education
6315:Permanent employment
5846:Blanpain, R. (ed.).
5042:"Polish Labour Code"
4774:Fair Work Commission
4523:Treaty of Versailles
3663:. pp. 183–186.
3498:de Ligt, L. (2001).
2948:Occupational burnout
2886:Industrial relations
2774:labour organizations
2725:Fourteenth Amendment
2614:Federal Constitution
1954:Fair Work Commission
1912:National labour laws
1728:improve this article
1514:Treaty of Versailles
1113:Mitbestimmungsgesetz
1099:Industrial democracy
997:and the concepts of
845:1884 law legalising
610:Intellectual capital
330:during the reign of
274:prescribed the rules
55:Employment standards
10916:Rochdale Principles
10911:Mutual savings bank
10906:Mutual organization
10891:Cooperative banking
10808:Mesopotamian banker
10088:Longevity insurance
9936:Occupational stress
9790:Demarcation dispute
9773:Anti-union violence
9397:Industrial unionism
9356:Solidarity unionism
9270:Vigilance committee
9250:Clerk of the chapel
8994:Election commission
8706:Expressive function
8235:Landlord–tenant law
8134:Consumer protection
7592:Recession-proof job
7587:Lists of recessions
7525:Economic depression
7473:Retirement planning
7354:Work–life interface
7191:Employee monitoring
7159:Corporate behaviour
7149:Accounting scandals
7031:Occupational stress
7021:Occupational injury
6552:Reflective practice
6547:Professional school
6269:Work-at-home scheme
6189:Induction programme
6167:Employment contract
6147:Business networking
5726:Aguilar, Victoria.
5682:. Deskin Law Firm.
5070:. 29 October 2021.
4567:Freeman, Richard B.
4183:on 16 January 2013.
3368:Records of the Past
3216:Records of the Past
3085:Britain and the ILO
3004:Vicarious liability
2903:Labour inspectorate
2871:Employment contract
2812:settling of labour
2672:An American builder
2618:Code of Obligations
2539:Labour Appeal Court
2169:for workers, and a
1901:flag of convenience
1812:European labour law
1578:As one of the only
1532:and under the 1998
1252:secondary picketing
1167:Picketing (protest)
1128:European Commission
901:Such laws prohibit
800:eight-hour movement
648:essentialia negotii
602:Employment contract
553:Earl of Shaftesbury
173:employment contract
60:Government agencies
11001:Working conditions
10668:Insurable interest
10169:Payment protection
10070:Payment protection
9921:Professional abuse
9723:Union wage premium
9697:Pattern bargaining
9632:Solidarity actions
9492:Diversity training
9326:Community unionism
8952:Legal institutions
8819:Lawsuit/Litigation
8809:Dispute resolution
8614:Catholic canon law
8322:State of emergency
8285:Will and testament
8009:Law of obligations
7962:Constitutional law
7952:Administrative law
7855:See also templates
7692:Job creation index
7656:Youth unemployment
7520:Discouraged worker
7409:Wrongful dismissal
7389:At-will employment
7262:Civil conscription
7226:Workplace bullying
7113:Affirmative action
7095:Workplace wellness
7026:Occupational noise
6662:Long service leave
6522:Overspecialization
6502:Induction training
6457:Career development
5893:2020-08-02 at the
5879:2021-02-19 at the
5733:2021-05-01 at the
5714:2019-11-26 at the
5657:. Citation.co.uk.
5373:2023-03-06 at the
5353:2022-12-02 at the
4735:2012-10-09 at the
4685:2015-05-16 at the
4674:2021-05-15 at the
4656:2021-05-15 at the
4493:(September 1869).
4136:2017-11-10 at the
4114:2017-11-10 at the
3748:2014-03-10 at the
3634:. pp. 10–49.
3136:Lawson v Serco Ltd
3024:Workplace Fairness
2861:Economic democracy
2788:The beginnings of
2674:
2652:Equal Pay Act 1970
2596:The labour law of
2435:. You can help by
2416:Japanese labor law
2389:. You can help by
2328:. You can help by
2309:Iranian labour law
2277:2021-06-21 at the
2046:. You can help by
2023:
1592:
1364:Lawson v Serco Ltd
1317:(13 December 1996)
1184:
1106:German company law
991:
936:Convention no. 158
931:At-will employment
927:Wrongful dismissal
669:event of dismissal
606:At-will employment
576:working conditions
570:Working conditions
545:Factories Act 1833
262:Temple of Antinous
171:constructed in an
145:Naram-Sin of Akkad
10968:
10967:
10813:Code of Hammurabi
10788:Vehicle insurance
10683:Replacement value
10575:Actual cash value
10539:Adverse selection
10529:Actuarial science
10503:
10502:
10435:Kidnap and ransom
10408:Extended warranty
10055:Income protection
9964:
9963:
9846:Conflict theories
9841:Four-day workweek
9736:
9735:
9655:
9654:
9557:Industrial action
9466:Union co-op model
9410:
9409:
9382:Independent union
9346:Business unionism
9134:
9133:
8794:Constitutionalism
8716:Law and economics
8554:Act of parliament
8292:Product liability
8245:Legal archaeology
8170:Environmental law
8164:Entertainment law
8004:International law
7904:
7903:
7803:Post-work society
7783:Kiss up kick down
7515:Barriers to entry
7480:Severance package
7312:Human trafficking
7206:Sexual harassment
7186:Employee handbook
7105:Equal opportunity
6968:Safety and health
6958:Take-home vehicle
6567:Vocational school
6517:Lifelong learning
6492:Further education
6452:Career counseling
6447:Career assessment
6224:Overqualification
5916:978-1-84113-560-1
5740:The AR Group, LLP
5512:978-3-03911-410-8
5282:(in Lithuanian).
4830:on March 14, 2010
4678:, recital 23 and
4647:Rome I Regulation
4420:on 9 January 2006
4127:Anders Kjellberg
4105:Anders Kjellberg
3695:(1903), pp. 5, 6.
3689:B. Leigh Hutchins
3476:. 1915. pp.
3077:(No. 51) and the
2984:Right-to-work law
2918:Legal working age
2866:Employee benefits
2486:Mexican labor law
2453:
2452:
2407:
2406:
2370:Israeli labor law
2346:
2345:
2245:Bombay High Court
2235:Indian labour law
2153:French labour law
2069:In 2017, Premier
2064:
2063:
1929:Workers may join
1881:Rome I Regulation
1804:
1803:
1796:
1778:
1686:Rome I Regulation
1652:Conflicts of laws
1455:
1454:
1349:Rome I Regulation
1157:Collective action
1003:children's rights
964:international law
865:Health and safety
812:Otto von Bismarck
730:minimum wage laws
718:supply and demand
454:ritual sacrifices
438:merchant mariners
393:Septimius Severus
301:(117–138) of the
33:(also spelled as
16:(Redirected from
11018:
10926:Social insurance
10881:Friendly society
10773:Health insurance
10601:Short rate table
10349:Catastrophe bond
10250:Lenders mortgage
10011:
10010:
9991:
9984:
9977:
9968:
9967:
9851:Critique of work
9826:35-hour workweek
9617:Pen-down strikes
9573:
9572:
9424:Shops and hiring
9421:
9420:
9311:Organizing model
9210:
9209:
9167:Organized labour
9161:
9154:
9147:
9138:
9137:
9109:
9108:
9107:
9095:
9094:
8918:Question of fact
8799:Criminal justice
8129:Construction law
8124:Conflict of laws
8089:Agricultural law
7931:
7924:
7917:
7908:
7907:
7891:Critique of work
7886:Corporate titles
7854:
7853:
7773:Evil corporation
7639:Employment rates
7562:Jobless recovery
7530:Great Depression
7490:Golden parachute
7485:Golden handshake
7282:Job satisfaction
7272:Critique of work
7090:Workplace phobia
6921:Health insurance
6878:Wage compression
6846:Progressive wage
6700:35-hour workweek
6667:No call, no show
6657:Leave of absence
6507:Knowledge worker
6435:Master craftsman
6239:Personality hire
6177:Executive search
6157:Curriculum vitae
6142:Background check
6011:
6004:
5997:
5988:
5987:
5983:
5975:
5960:
5942:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5852:. Archived from
5826:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5807:
5801:
5800:
5798:
5797:
5782:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5750:
5744:
5724:
5718:
5705:Texas Law Review
5701:
5695:
5694:
5692:
5691:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5651:
5645:
5644:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5623:
5608:
5602:
5601:
5573:
5567:
5566:
5555:
5549:
5546:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5535:
5520:
5514:
5500:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5471:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5461:
5442:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5384:
5378:
5366:Wong, R. J. J.,
5364:
5358:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5272:
5261:
5260:
5255:. Archived from
5249:
5243:
5242:
5236:
5228:
5208:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5198:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5121:on May 22, 2011.
5111:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5090:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5064:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5053:
5038:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5018:
5011:
5007:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4991:
4984:
4976:
4970:
4969:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4899:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4870:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4854:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4820:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4795:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4785:
4766:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4745:
4739:
4728:C-319/05 (2008)
4721:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4696:
4690:
4666:
4660:
4644:
4638:
4624:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4591:
4585:
4584:
4562:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4551:
4536:
4530:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4475:. Archived from
4468:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4449:. Archived from
4439:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4416:. Archived from
4377:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4346:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4336:
4321:
4315:
4314:
4286:
4280:
4279:
4278:on 18 July 2011.
4277:
4266:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4212:
4206:
4199:
4191:
4185:
4184:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4147:
4141:
4125:
4119:
4103:
4097:
4086:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4042:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3924:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3807:. Archived from
3797:
3791:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3759:
3753:
3739:
3733:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3702:
3696:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3474:Prudential Press
3461:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3441:
3416:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3390:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3295:
3289:
3264:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3181:
3171:
3154:
3131:
3125:
3118:
3112:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3071:
3065:
3050:
3044:
3041:
2876:Family economics
2844:
2839:
2838:
2733:equal protection
2592:Swiss labour law
2576:state regulation
2448:
2445:
2427:
2420:
2402:
2399:
2381:
2374:
2341:
2338:
2320:
2313:
2186:35-hour workweek
2175:Grenelle accords
2159:Waldeck Rousseau
2059:
2056:
2038:
2031:
1799:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1779:
1777:
1736:
1712:
1704:
1647:Conflict of laws
1306:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1267:
1266:
1201:Sympathy strikes
1095:Co-determination
923:Unfair dismissal
851:Matignon Accords
843:Waldeck-Rousseau
699:US Supreme Court
694:Diamond v. Diehr
667:, notice in the
596:Employment terms
564:Factory Act 1847
489:social reformers
391:to the reign of
353:Princeps senatus
236:
235:
231:
218:
217:
213:
57:
56:
21:
11026:
11025:
11021:
11020:
11019:
11017:
11016:
11015:
10991:Social programs
10986:Labor relations
10971:
10970:
10969:
10964:
10942:
10938:Insurance cycle
10901:Fraternal order
10794:
10725:
10719:
10678:Proximate cause
10673:Insurance fraud
10653:General average
10612:Claims adjuster
10554:Risk management
10549:Risk assessment
10513:
10510:
10499:
10465:Prize indemnity
10332:
10280:
10274:
10203:
10164:Over-redemption
10122:
10074:
10065:National health
10006:
10000:
9995:
9965:
9960:
9814:
9732:
9706:
9692:Master contract
9667:Bargaining unit
9651:
9647:Wildcat strikes
9571:
9517:Precarious work
9487:Contingent work
9470:
9416:
9406:
9365:
9299:
9225:Union organizer
9201:
9187:Labour movement
9168:
9165:
9135:
9130:
9103:
9089:
9080:
9057:
9048:Political party
9021:Legal education
9009:Law enforcement
8989:Court of equity
8947:
8923:Question of law
8876:Practice of law
8856:Judicial review
8770:
8721:Legal formalism
8701:Comparative law
8696:Contract theory
8679:
8599:Legal pluralism
8570:
8559:Act of Congress
8483:Executive order
8449:
8351:
8270:Nationality law
8195:Immigration law
8119:Competition law
8072:
7940:
7935:
7905:
7900:
7896:Organized labor
7866:Aspects of jobs
7842:
7833:Toxic workplace
7768:Emotional labor
7741:
7665:Public programs
7660:
7577:Great Recession
7547:Full employment
7535:Long Depression
7501:
7399:Banishment room
7375:
7297:Refusal of work
7240:
7164:Corporate crime
7132:
7099:
6962:
6887:
6764:
6686:
6620:
6497:Graduate school
6407:
6329:
6273:
6264:Underemployment
6123:
6067:Self-employment
6042:Contingent work
6032:Academic tenure
6025:Classifications
6020:
6015:
5970:
5967:
5957:
5945:
5939:
5927:
5895:Wayback Machine
5881:Wayback Machine
5859:
5857:
5856:on June 9, 2014
5835:
5833:Further reading
5830:
5829:
5820:
5818:
5809:
5808:
5804:
5795:
5793:
5784:
5783:
5776:
5767:
5765:
5752:
5751:
5747:
5735:Wayback Machine
5725:
5721:
5716:Wayback Machine
5702:
5698:
5689:
5687:
5678:
5677:
5673:
5664:
5662:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5635:
5634:
5630:
5621:
5619:
5610:
5609:
5605:
5590:
5574:
5570:
5557:
5556:
5552:
5547:
5543:
5533:
5531:
5522:
5521:
5517:
5501:
5497:
5488:
5486:
5473:
5472:
5468:
5459:
5457:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5430:
5428:
5415:
5414:
5410:
5401:
5399:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5375:Wayback Machine
5365:
5361:
5355:Wayback Machine
5342:
5338:
5328:
5326:
5303:
5299:
5289:
5287:
5274:
5273:
5264:
5251:
5250:
5246:
5230:
5229:
5209:
5205:
5196:
5194:
5159:
5155:
5146:
5144:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5113:
5112:
5105:
5097:
5091:
5087:
5077:
5075:
5066:
5065:
5061:
5051:
5049:
5040:
5039:
5035:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5009:
5008:
5004:
4995:
4993:
4989:
4982:
4978:
4977:
4973:
4962:
4958:
4948:
4946:
4929:
4925:
4916:
4914:
4901:
4900:
4896:
4887:
4885:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4848:
4847:
4843:
4833:
4831:
4822:
4821:
4814:
4804:
4802:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4783:
4781:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4754:
4752:
4747:
4746:
4742:
4737:Wayback Machine
4722:
4718:
4709:
4707:
4698:
4697:
4693:
4687:Wayback Machine
4676:Wayback Machine
4667:
4663:
4658:Wayback Machine
4645:
4641:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4604:
4602:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4581:
4563:
4559:
4549:
4547:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4521:
4517:
4508:
4506:
4501:, Switzerland.
4488:
4484:
4469:
4465:
4456:
4454:
4441:
4440:
4433:
4423:
4421:
4378:
4374:
4365:
4363:
4348:
4347:
4343:
4334:
4332:
4331:on May 24, 2006
4323:
4322:
4318:
4287:
4283:
4275:
4264:
4260:
4259:
4255:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4188:
4175:
4174:
4170:
4160:
4158:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4138:Wayback Machine
4126:
4122:
4116:Wayback Machine
4104:
4100:
4087:
4078:
4069:
4067:
4054:
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4049:
4040:
4038:
4025:
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4020:
4010:
4008:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3981:
3979:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3952:
3950:
3925:
3921:
3912:
3910:
3885:
3881:
3872:
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3852:
3843:
3841:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3814:
3812:
3799:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3785:
3776:
3774:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3750:Wayback Machine
3741:Bloy, Marjorie
3740:
3736:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3682:
3678:
3671:
3653:
3649:
3642:
3628:Chapel Hill, NC
3620:
3616:
3606:
3604:
3583:
3579:
3546:
3542:
3533:
3531:
3496:
3492:
3482:
3480:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3414:
3405:
3401:
3388:
3386:
3357:
3353:
3343:
3341:
3334:Yale Law School
3313:
3306:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3262:
3253:
3249:
3236:
3234:
3205:
3201:
3194:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3157:
3132:
3128:
3119:
3115:
3106:
3102:
3095:
3072:
3068:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3038:
3033:
3028:
2999:Union organizer
2989:Ship's articles
2974:Precarious work
2969:Positive rights
2963:Protective laws
2913:Labour movement
2840:
2833:
2830:
2818:Moshe Feinstein
2786:
2717:Fifth Amendment
2707:governments to
2666:
2660:
2636:
2630:
2594:
2588:
2572:self-regulation
2568:
2562:
2523:
2517:
2504:
2488:
2482:
2458:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2433:needs expansion
2418:
2412:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2387:needs expansion
2372:
2366:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2326:needs expansion
2311:
2305:
2287:
2279:Wayback Machine
2237:
2231:
2222:
2202:contingent work
2155:
2149:
2129:
2105:(1994) and the
2093:
2083:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2044:needs expansion
2029:
2015:
2010:
2009:
1992:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1962:
1946:
1940:
1935:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1914:
1818:
1806:Main articles:
1800:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1737:
1735:
1725:
1713:
1702:
1649:
1643:
1616:trade sanctions
1506:
1504:ILO Conventions
1498:Main articles:
1496:
1470:
1456:
1451:
1441:
1426:
1411:
1398:
1384:
1370:
1356:
1342:
1328:
1318:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1264:
1245:strike breakers
1207:General strikes
1195:wildcat strikes
1169:
1161:Main articles:
1159:
1154:
1148:
1140:
1121:James Callaghan
1101:
1093:Main articles:
1091:
1070:
1064:
1052:
1046:
979:
973:
933:
921:Main articles:
919:
899:
893:
881:child labourers
873:
867:
828:social security
789:
783:
775:
769:
713:
707:
673:job description
612:
600:Main articles:
598:
593:
572:
560:Anglican Church
539:and prohibited
513:Thomas Percival
501:
470:religious cults
376:in order to be
364:(27 BC–14 AD),
348:Caesar Augustus
289:established in
278:membership dues
233:
229:
228:
219:-gerah per day
215:
211:
210:
157:prevailing wage
112:circa 2334 BC,
108:ruled from his
102:Sargon of Akkad
86:
70:Main articles:
68:
54:
53:
43:employment laws
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11024:
11014:
11013:
11008:
11003:
10998:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10966:
10965:
10963:
10962:
10959:List of topics
10955:
10947:
10944:
10943:
10941:
10940:
10935:
10934:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10874:
10869:
10868:
10867:
10853:
10852:
10851:
10846:
10844:Burial society
10834:
10833:
10832:
10826:§235–238; §240
10818:§100–105; §126
10810:
10804:
10802:
10796:
10795:
10793:
10792:
10791:
10790:
10785:
10780:
10775:
10770:
10768:Climate change
10760:
10758:United Kingdom
10755:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10735:
10729:
10727:
10721:
10720:
10718:
10717:
10716:
10715:
10705:
10703:Underinsurance
10700:
10695:
10693:Self-insurance
10690:
10685:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10665:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10643:
10638:
10637:
10636:
10631:
10626:
10616:
10615:
10614:
10604:
10603:
10602:
10599:
10587:
10582:
10577:
10572:
10571:
10570:
10565:
10556:
10551:
10546:
10541:
10536:
10526:
10520:
10518:
10505:
10504:
10501:
10500:
10498:
10497:
10492:
10487:
10482:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10462:
10460:Political risk
10457:
10452:
10447:
10442:
10440:Legal expenses
10437:
10432:
10427:
10426:
10425:
10415:
10410:
10405:
10400:
10395:
10390:
10389:
10388:
10383:
10373:
10368:
10363:
10358:
10357:
10356:
10351:
10340:
10338:
10334:
10333:
10331:
10330:
10325:
10320:
10315:
10310:
10305:
10300:
10295:
10290:
10284:
10282:
10276:
10275:
10273:
10272:
10267:
10262:
10257:
10252:
10247:
10242:
10237:
10232:
10227:
10222:
10220:Builder's risk
10217:
10211:
10209:
10205:
10204:
10202:
10201:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10171:
10166:
10161:
10156:
10151:
10146:
10144:Business owner
10141:
10136:
10130:
10128:
10124:
10123:
10121:
10120:
10115:
10110:
10108:Universal life
10105:
10100:
10095:
10090:
10084:
10082:
10076:
10075:
10073:
10072:
10067:
10062:
10060:Long-term care
10057:
10052:
10051:
10050:
10045:
10035:
10030:
10025:
10019:
10017:
10008:
10002:
10001:
9994:
9993:
9986:
9979:
9971:
9962:
9961:
9959:
9958:
9953:
9948:
9946:Social support
9943:
9938:
9933:
9928:
9923:
9918:
9916:Prison strikes
9913:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9893:
9888:
9883:
9881:Hunger strikes
9878:
9873:
9868:
9863:
9858:
9853:
9848:
9843:
9838:
9833:
9831:Eight-hour day
9828:
9822:
9820:
9816:
9815:
9813:
9812:
9807:
9805:Featherbedding
9802:
9797:
9795:Strikebreaking
9792:
9787:
9785:Union violence
9782:
9781:
9780:
9770:
9765:
9763:Churn and burn
9760:
9755:
9750:
9744:
9742:
9738:
9737:
9734:
9733:
9731:
9730:
9725:
9720:
9714:
9712:
9708:
9707:
9705:
9704:
9699:
9694:
9689:
9684:
9679:
9674:
9669:
9663:
9661:
9657:
9656:
9653:
9652:
9650:
9649:
9644:
9639:
9634:
9629:
9627:Sitdown strike
9624:
9619:
9614:
9609:
9604:
9603:
9602:
9597:
9590:General strike
9587:
9581:
9579:
9577:Strike actions
9570:
9569:
9564:
9559:
9554:
9549:
9544:
9539:
9534:
9529:
9524:
9519:
9514:
9509:
9504:
9499:
9494:
9489:
9484:
9478:
9476:
9472:
9471:
9469:
9468:
9463:
9458:
9453:
9448:
9443:
9438:
9433:
9427:
9425:
9418:
9412:
9411:
9408:
9407:
9405:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9392:Craft unionism
9389:
9384:
9379:
9373:
9371:
9367:
9366:
9364:
9363:
9358:
9353:
9348:
9343:
9338:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9307:
9305:
9301:
9300:
9298:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9220:Labour council
9216:
9214:
9207:
9203:
9202:
9200:
9199:
9189:
9184:
9179:
9177:Labour history
9173:
9170:
9169:
9164:
9163:
9156:
9149:
9141:
9132:
9131:
9129:
9128:
9121:
9114:
9100:
9097:Law portal
9085:
9082:
9081:
9079:
9078:
9077:
9076:
9065:
9063:
9059:
9058:
9056:
9055:
9050:
9045:
9040:
9035:
9030:
9029:
9028:
9018:
9017:
9016:
9006:
9001:
8996:
8991:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8955:
8953:
8949:
8948:
8946:
8945:
8940:
8935:
8933:Trial advocacy
8930:
8925:
8920:
8915:
8914:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8883:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8847:
8846:
8841:
8831:
8826:
8821:
8816:
8811:
8806:
8801:
8796:
8791:
8786:
8780:
8778:
8772:
8771:
8769:
8768:
8763:
8758:
8753:
8748:
8743:
8738:
8733:
8728:
8723:
8718:
8713:
8708:
8703:
8698:
8693:
8687:
8685:
8681:
8680:
8678:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8656:
8655:
8645:
8644:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8617:
8616:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8580:
8578:
8572:
8571:
8569:
8568:
8563:
8562:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8541:
8540:
8539:
8529:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8513:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8492:
8491:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8470:
8465:
8463:Ballot measure
8459:
8457:
8451:
8450:
8448:
8447:
8442:
8440:Legal treatise
8437:
8436:
8435:
8430:
8420:
8419:
8418:
8408:
8406:Letters patent
8403:
8398:
8397:
8396:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8367:
8361:
8359:
8357:Sources of law
8353:
8352:
8350:
8349:
8344:
8342:Unenforced law
8339:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8299:
8294:
8289:
8288:
8287:
8282:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8114:Commercial law
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8080:
8078:
8074:
8073:
8071:
8070:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8054:
8053:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8032:
8031:
8026:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7980:
7979:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7948:
7946:
7942:
7941:
7934:
7933:
7926:
7919:
7911:
7902:
7901:
7899:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7873:
7868:
7863:
7857:
7856:
7847:
7844:
7843:
7841:
7840:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7818:Sunday scaries
7815:
7810:
7805:
7800:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7780:
7775:
7770:
7765:
7760:
7755:
7749:
7747:
7743:
7742:
7735:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7668:
7666:
7662:
7661:
7659:
7658:
7653:
7648:
7647:
7646:
7641:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7616:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7595:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7569:
7567:Phillips curve
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7538:
7537:
7532:
7522:
7517:
7511:
7509:
7503:
7502:
7500:
7499:
7494:
7493:
7492:
7487:
7477:
7476:
7475:
7470:
7468:Retirement age
7465:
7455:
7450:
7449:
7448:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7421:Exit interview
7418:
7413:
7412:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7391:
7385:
7383:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7373:
7368:
7367:
7366:
7361:
7351:
7346:
7345:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7299:
7294:
7289:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7248:
7246:
7242:
7241:
7239:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7171:Discrimination
7168:
7167:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7140:
7138:
7134:
7133:
7131:
7130:
7125:
7123:Gender pay gap
7120:
7115:
7109:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7072:
7071:
7070:
7060:
7055:
7054:
7053:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6972:
6970:
6964:
6963:
6961:
6960:
6955:
6954:
6953:
6943:
6938:
6936:Parental leave
6933:
6931:Marriage leave
6928:
6926:Life insurance
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6897:
6895:
6889:
6888:
6886:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6854:
6853:
6843:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6816:
6815:
6814:
6809:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6782:Income bracket
6778:
6776:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6710:Eight-hour day
6707:
6702:
6696:
6694:
6688:
6687:
6685:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6628:
6626:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6607:
6606:
6601:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6575:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6469:
6467:Creative class
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6427:
6425:Apprenticeship
6421:
6419:
6409:
6408:
6406:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6393:Scarlet-collar
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6339:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6274:
6272:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6185:
6184:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6133:
6131:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6109:Temporary work
6106:
6101:
6096:
6095:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6077:Skilled worker
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6028:
6026:
6022:
6021:
6014:
6013:
6006:
5999:
5991:
5985:
5984:
5966:
5965:External links
5963:
5962:
5961:
5955:
5943:
5937:
5925:
5918:
5904:
5897:
5884:
5866:
5843:
5834:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5802:
5774:
5745:
5719:
5696:
5671:
5646:
5643:on 2013-02-18.
5628:
5603:
5588:
5579:Employment law
5568:
5565:on 2013-03-13.
5550:
5541:
5515:
5495:
5466:
5437:
5408:
5379:
5359:
5336:
5297:
5262:
5259:on 2012-05-24.
5244:
5203:
5173:(5): 613–630.
5153:
5139:. 2022-06-28.
5137:Jagranjosh.com
5124:
5103:
5085:
5059:
5033:
5019:
5002:
4971:
4956:
4923:
4894:
4865:
4841:
4812:
4790:
4761:
4740:
4716:
4691:
4661:
4639:
4611:
4586:
4579:
4557:
4531:
4515:
4482:
4463:
4431:
4372:
4341:
4316:
4297:(3): 205–218.
4281:
4253:
4250:on 2009-01-29.
4235:
4232:on 2013-10-29.
4217:
4186:
4168:
4142:
4120:
4098:
4076:
4047:
4018:
3988:
3959:
3919:
3879:
3850:
3836:. 2019-10-09.
3821:
3792:
3783:
3754:
3734:
3725:
3697:
3676:
3670:978-0198150688
3669:
3647:
3641:978-0807844984
3640:
3614:
3577:
3564:10.2307/283119
3540:
3510:(2): 346–349.
3490:
3456:
3399:
3376:Washington, DC
3351:
3325:Avalon Project
3304:
3247:
3224:Washington, DC
3199:
3192:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3126:
3113:
3100:
3093:
3066:
3045:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2979:Profit sharing
2976:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2829:
2826:
2816:, while Rabbi
2785:
2782:
2662:Main article:
2659:
2656:
2632:Main article:
2629:
2628:United Kingdom
2626:
2590:Main article:
2587:
2584:
2561:
2558:
2519:Main article:
2516:
2513:
2503:
2500:
2484:Main article:
2481:
2478:
2466:Darbo Kodeksas
2457:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2430:
2428:
2414:Main article:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2384:
2382:
2368:Main article:
2365:
2362:
2344:
2343:
2323:
2321:
2307:Main article:
2304:
2301:
2286:
2283:
2233:Main article:
2230:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2214:Jacques Chirac
2151:Main article:
2148:
2145:
2141:Czech Republic
2128:
2127:Czech Republic
2125:
2082:
2079:
2062:
2061:
2041:
2039:
2025:Main article:
2014:
2011:
1993:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1971:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1942:Main article:
1939:
1936:
1928:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1853:European Union
1802:
1801:
1716:
1714:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1645:Main article:
1642:
1639:
1495:
1492:
1485:international.
1453:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1270:
1263:
1260:
1256:flying pickets
1215:
1214:
1204:
1198:
1158:
1155:
1150:Main article:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1136:
1090:
1087:
1066:Main article:
1063:
1060:
1048:Main article:
1045:
1042:
1015:small business
975:Main article:
972:
969:
918:
915:
903:discrimination
895:Main article:
892:
891:Discrimination
889:
869:Main article:
866:
863:
859:paid vacations
839:Third Republic
787:Eight-hour day
782:
779:
771:Main article:
768:
765:
761:European Union
709:Main article:
706:
703:
665:illness rights
597:
594:
592:
589:
571:
568:
549:Michael Sadler
500:
497:
495:, and others.
444:also included
424:was home to a
344:Roman Republic
282:burial society
250:Ottoman Empire
203:ship charterer
67:
64:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11023:
11012:
11009:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10997:
10994:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10978:
10976:
10961:
10960:
10956:
10954:
10953:
10949:
10948:
10945:
10939:
10936:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10883:
10882:
10878:
10875:
10873:
10870:
10866:
10865:
10861:
10860:
10859:
10858:
10854:
10850:
10847:
10845:
10842:
10841:
10840:
10839:
10835:
10831:
10827:
10823:
10819:
10816:
10815:
10814:
10811:
10809:
10806:
10805:
10803:
10801:
10797:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10779:
10776:
10774:
10771:
10769:
10766:
10765:
10764:
10763:United States
10761:
10759:
10756:
10754:
10751:
10749:
10746:
10744:
10741:
10739:
10736:
10734:
10731:
10730:
10728:
10722:
10714:
10711:
10710:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10648:
10647:Force majeure
10644:
10642:
10639:
10635:
10632:
10630:
10627:
10625:
10622:
10621:
10620:
10617:
10613:
10610:
10609:
10608:
10605:
10600:
10598:
10597:
10593:
10592:
10591:
10588:
10586:
10583:
10581:
10578:
10576:
10573:
10569:
10568:Value of life
10566:
10564:
10560:
10557:
10555:
10552:
10550:
10547:
10545:
10542:
10540:
10537:
10535:
10532:
10531:
10530:
10527:
10525:
10522:
10521:
10519:
10517:
10512:
10506:
10496:
10493:
10491:
10488:
10486:
10483:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10473:
10471:
10468:
10466:
10463:
10461:
10458:
10456:
10453:
10451:
10448:
10446:
10443:
10441:
10438:
10436:
10433:
10431:
10430:Interest rate
10428:
10424:
10421:
10420:
10419:
10416:
10414:
10411:
10409:
10406:
10404:
10401:
10399:
10396:
10394:
10391:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10378:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10355:
10352:
10350:
10347:
10346:
10345:
10342:
10341:
10339:
10335:
10329:
10326:
10324:
10321:
10319:
10316:
10314:
10311:
10309:
10306:
10304:
10301:
10299:
10298:Inland marine
10296:
10294:
10293:GAP insurance
10291:
10289:
10286:
10285:
10283:
10281:Communication
10277:
10271:
10268:
10266:
10263:
10261:
10258:
10256:
10253:
10251:
10248:
10246:
10243:
10241:
10238:
10236:
10233:
10231:
10228:
10226:
10223:
10221:
10218:
10216:
10213:
10212:
10210:
10206:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10170:
10167:
10165:
10162:
10160:
10157:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10137:
10135:
10132:
10131:
10129:
10125:
10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10109:
10106:
10104:
10103:Unitised fund
10101:
10099:
10096:
10094:
10093:Mortgage life
10091:
10089:
10086:
10085:
10083:
10081:
10077:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10061:
10058:
10056:
10053:
10049:
10046:
10044:
10041:
10040:
10039:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10024:
10021:
10020:
10018:
10016:
10012:
10009:
10003:
9999:
9992:
9987:
9985:
9980:
9978:
9973:
9972:
9969:
9957:
9954:
9952:
9949:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9876:Forced labour
9874:
9872:
9869:
9867:
9864:
9862:
9859:
9857:
9854:
9852:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9837:
9834:
9832:
9829:
9827:
9824:
9823:
9821:
9817:
9811:
9808:
9806:
9803:
9801:
9798:
9796:
9793:
9791:
9788:
9786:
9783:
9779:
9778:United States
9776:
9775:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9753:Union busting
9751:
9749:
9746:
9745:
9743:
9739:
9729:
9726:
9724:
9721:
9719:
9716:
9715:
9713:
9709:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9675:
9673:
9670:
9668:
9665:
9664:
9662:
9658:
9648:
9645:
9643:
9640:
9638:
9635:
9633:
9630:
9628:
9625:
9623:
9620:
9618:
9615:
9613:
9612:Overtime bans
9610:
9608:
9605:
9601:
9598:
9596:
9593:
9592:
9591:
9588:
9586:
9583:
9582:
9580:
9578:
9574:
9568:
9565:
9563:
9560:
9558:
9555:
9553:
9550:
9548:
9547:Strike notice
9545:
9543:
9540:
9538:
9535:
9533:
9530:
9528:
9525:
9523:
9520:
9518:
9515:
9513:
9510:
9508:
9507:Labour revolt
9505:
9503:
9500:
9498:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9488:
9485:
9483:
9480:
9479:
9477:
9473:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9452:
9449:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9439:
9437:
9434:
9432:
9429:
9428:
9426:
9422:
9419:
9413:
9403:
9400:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9390:
9388:
9387:General union
9385:
9383:
9380:
9378:
9377:Company union
9375:
9374:
9372:
9368:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9351:Dual unionism
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9336:One Big Union
9334:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9316:Service model
9314:
9312:
9309:
9308:
9306:
9302:
9296:
9295:Worker centre
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9217:
9215:
9211:
9208:
9204:
9197:
9196:public sector
9193:
9190:
9188:
9185:
9183:
9182:Labour rights
9180:
9178:
9175:
9174:
9171:
9162:
9157:
9155:
9150:
9148:
9143:
9142:
9139:
9127:
9126:
9122:
9120:
9119:
9115:
9113:
9112:
9101:
9099:
9098:
9093:
9087:
9086:
9083:
9075:
9072:
9071:
9070:
9067:
9066:
9064:
9060:
9054:
9051:
9049:
9046:
9044:
9041:
9039:
9036:
9034:
9031:
9027:
9024:
9023:
9022:
9019:
9015:
9012:
9011:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8979:Civil society
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8956:
8954:
8950:
8944:
8941:
8939:
8938:Trier of fact
8936:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8924:
8921:
8919:
8916:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8878:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8845:
8842:
8840:
8837:
8836:
8835:
8832:
8830:
8827:
8825:
8824:Legal opinion
8822:
8820:
8817:
8815:
8812:
8810:
8807:
8805:
8804:Court-martial
8802:
8800:
8797:
8795:
8792:
8790:
8787:
8785:
8782:
8781:
8779:
8777:
8776:Jurisprudence
8773:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8749:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8697:
8694:
8692:
8689:
8688:
8686:
8682:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8665:Statutory law
8663:
8661:
8660:Socialist law
8658:
8654:
8653:Byzantine law
8651:
8650:
8649:
8646:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8619:
8615:
8612:
8611:
8610:
8607:
8606:
8605:
8604:Religious law
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8581:
8579:
8577:
8576:Legal systems
8573:
8567:
8564:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8546:
8545:
8544:Statutory law
8542:
8538:
8535:
8534:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8497:
8496:
8493:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8475:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8460:
8458:
8456:
8452:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8425:
8424:
8421:
8417:
8414:
8413:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8395:
8392:
8391:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8374:Statutory law
8371:
8368:
8366:
8363:
8362:
8360:
8358:
8354:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8332:Transport law
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8277:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8253:
8251:
8250:Legal fiction
8248:
8246:
8243:
8241:
8238:
8236:
8233:
8231:
8228:
8226:
8223:
8221:
8218:
8216:
8213:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8183:
8181:
8180:Financial law
8178:
8176:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8165:
8162:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8139:Corporate law
8137:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8081:
8079:
8075:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8063:Statutory law
8061:
8059:
8056:
8052:
8049:
8048:
8047:
8044:
8042:
8039:
8037:
8034:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8021:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7978:
7975:
7974:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7949:
7947:
7945:Core subjects
7943:
7939:
7932:
7927:
7925:
7920:
7918:
7913:
7912:
7909:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7864:
7862:
7859:
7858:
7849:
7848:
7845:
7839:
7836:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7796:
7794:
7793:Make-work job
7791:
7789:
7786:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7774:
7771:
7769:
7766:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7750:
7748:
7744:
7740:
7739:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7712:Right to work
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7697:Job guarantee
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7682:Make-work job
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7669:
7667:
7663:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7636:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7610:
7607:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7527:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7512:
7510:
7508:
7504:
7498:
7495:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7482:
7481:
7478:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7464:
7461:
7460:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7453:Restructuring
7451:
7447:
7444:
7443:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7431:Notice period
7429:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7396:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7386:
7384:
7382:
7378:
7372:
7369:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7356:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7337:Unfree labour
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7307:Bonded labour
7305:
7304:
7303:
7300:
7298:
7295:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7243:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7222:
7221:Whistleblower
7219:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7154:Control fraud
7152:
7150:
7147:
7146:
7145:
7142:
7141:
7139:
7135:
7129:
7128:Glass ceiling
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7110:
7108:
7106:
7102:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7069:
7066:
7065:
7064:
7063:Work accident
7061:
7059:
7056:
7052:
7051:United States
7049:
7048:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6969:
6965:
6959:
6956:
6952:
6951:United States
6949:
6948:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6906:Casual Friday
6904:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6896:
6894:
6890:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6863:Paid time off
6861:
6859:
6858:Overtime rate
6856:
6852:
6849:
6848:
6847:
6844:
6840:
6839:United States
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6820:
6817:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6804:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6779:
6777:
6775:
6771:
6767:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6705:Four-day week
6703:
6701:
6698:
6697:
6695:
6693:
6689:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6623:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6589:Practice firm
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6487:Employability
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6418:
6414:
6410:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6388:Orange-collar
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6336:
6335:Working class
6332:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6276:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6209:Job interview
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6183:
6180:
6179:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6130:
6126:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6062:Part-time job
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6047:Full-time job
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6023:
6019:
6012:
6007:
6005:
6000:
5998:
5993:
5992:
5989:
5981:
5980:
5974:
5969:
5968:
5958:
5956:9789350281437
5952:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5938:9789351451808
5934:
5930:
5926:
5923:
5919:
5917:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5902:
5898:
5896:
5892:
5889:
5885:
5882:
5878:
5875:
5871:
5868:E McGaughey,
5867:
5855:
5851:
5850:
5844:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5817:on 2011-12-29
5816:
5812:
5806:
5792:on 2007-05-24
5791:
5787:
5781:
5779:
5763:
5759:
5755:
5749:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5732:
5729:
5723:
5717:
5713:
5710:
5706:
5700:
5685:
5681:
5675:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5642:
5638:
5632:
5618:on 2013-10-16
5617:
5613:
5607:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5589:0-333-75358-5
5585:
5581:
5580:
5572:
5564:
5560:
5554:
5545:
5529:
5525:
5519:
5513:
5509:
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5499:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5470:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5441:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5412:
5397:
5393:
5389:
5383:
5376:
5372:
5369:
5363:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5345:
5340:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5308:
5301:
5285:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5269:
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5258:
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5240:
5234:
5226:
5222:
5218:
5214:
5207:
5192:
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5180:
5176:
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5168:
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5157:
5142:
5138:
5134:
5128:
5120:
5116:
5110:
5108:
5096:
5089:
5073:
5069:
5063:
5047:
5043:
5037:
5031:
5023:
5016:
5015:
5006:
4988:
4981:
4975:
4967:
4960:
4944:
4940:
4939:
4934:
4927:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4898:
4883:
4879:
4875:
4869:
4851:
4845:
4829:
4825:
4819:
4817:
4800:
4794:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4765:
4750:
4744:
4738:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4720:
4705:
4701:
4695:
4688:
4684:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4670:
4665:
4659:
4655:
4652:
4648:
4643:
4636:
4632:
4628:
4623:
4622:
4615:
4600:
4596:
4590:
4582:
4580:9780881323320
4576:
4572:
4568:
4561:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4528:
4524:
4519:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4478:
4474:
4471:Weller, Ken.
4467:
4453:on 2011-08-09
4452:
4448:
4444:
4438:
4436:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4376:
4362:on 2009-10-01
4361:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4345:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4312:
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4300:
4296:
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4257:
4249:
4245:
4239:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4203:
4196:
4190:
4182:
4178:
4177:"DECRETO-LEI"
4172:
4156:
4152:
4146:
4139:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4109:
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4095:
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4083:
4081:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4051:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4022:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3992:
3977:
3973:
3972:www.uspto.gov
3969:
3963:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3935:
3930:
3923:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3883:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3854:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3811:on 2020-04-04
3810:
3806:
3802:
3796:
3787:
3772:
3768:
3764:
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3744:
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3711:
3707:
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3690:
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3680:
3672:
3666:
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3651:
3643:
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3330:New Haven, CT
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3193:0-684-19279-9
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2891:Job guarantee
2889:
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2670:
2665:
2658:United States
2655:
2653:
2648:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2634:UK labour law
2625:
2623:
2619:
2616:of 1999, the
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2577:
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2555:
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2528:
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2512:
2510:
2509:notice period
2499:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2447:
2444:November 2022
2438:
2434:
2431:This section
2429:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2401:
2398:November 2022
2392:
2388:
2385:This section
2383:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2340:
2331:
2327:
2324:This section
2322:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2297:
2294:
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2280:
2276:
2273:
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2256:
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2236:
2226:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2182:Lionel Jospin
2178:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2163:Popular Front
2160:
2154:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2137:Zákoník práce
2134:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2088:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2045:
2042:This section
2040:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2019:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1990:
1975:
1968:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1932:
1925:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1890:
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1773:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1745: –
1744:
1740:
1739:Find sources:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1717:This section
1715:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1697:
1695:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1660:UK labour law
1657:
1653:
1648:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1623:social clause
1619:
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1613:
1609:
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1601:
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1505:
1501:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1474:globalization
1469:
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1238:
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1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1197:are illegal).
1196:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:Strike action
1182:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1163:Strike action
1153:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1100:
1096:
1086:
1082:
1080:
1079:right to work
1075:
1069:
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1057:
1051:
1041:
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1031:
1027:
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1016:
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928:
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914:
912:
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904:
898:
888:
886:
882:
878:
872:
862:
860:
856:
855:Popular Front
852:
848:
844:
840:
835:
831:
829:
825:
824:paternalistic
821:
817:
813:
808:
806:
801:
797:
796:industrialism
792:
788:
778:
774:
764:
762:
758:
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749:
745:
743:
739:
738:labour market
733:
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478:
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467:
463:
459:
456:, practicing
455:
451:
450:Roman priests
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:La Ostia port
419:
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401:
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252:) produced a
251:
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197:per day on a
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107:
106:single empire
103:
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81:
77:
73:
63:
61:
50:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
11006:Working time
10957:
10950:
10896:Credit union
10862:
10855:
10836:
10829:
10821:
10708:Underwriting
10663:Insurability
10645:
10624:Co-insurance
10594:
10590:Cancellation
10381:Catastrophic
10366:Climate risk
10194:Trade credit
9951:Wage slavery
9911:Maximum wage
9906:Minimum wage
9900:
9836:Six-hour day
9819:Other topics
9711:Compensation
9567:Work-to-rule
9461:Scope clause
9402:Police union
9240:Unionization
9123:
9116:
9102:
9088:
8861:Jurisdiction
8829:Legal remedy
8784:Adjudication
8684:Legal theory
8522:Ratification
8517:Promulgation
8488:Proclamation
8468:Codification
8401:Human rights
8389:Divine right
8379:Constitution
8347:Women in law
8265:Military law
8260:Marriage law
8255:Maritime law
8229:
8154:Election law
8094:Aviation law
8084:Abortion law
8036:Property law
7972:Criminal law
7828:Toxic leader
7808:Presenteeism
7788:Labor rights
7778:Going postal
7753:Bullshit job
7736:
7721:
7716:
7507:Unemployment
7359:Downshifting
7342:Wage slavery
7322:Penal labour
7277:Dead-end job
7267:Conscription
7200:
7046:Right to sit
6901:Annual leave
6883:Working poor
6819:Minimum wage
6797:Maximum wage
6755:Working time
6745:Six-hour day
6642:Career break
6604:Professional
6398:Black-collar
6368:White-collar
6348:Green-collar
6325:Volunteering
6162:Drug testing
6152:Cover letter
6092:Tradesperson
5977:
5946:
5928:
5921:
5907:
5900:
5869:
5858:. Retrieved
5854:the original
5848:
5839:
5819:. Retrieved
5815:the original
5805:
5794:. Retrieved
5790:the original
5766:. Retrieved
5757:
5748:
5738:
5722:
5704:
5699:
5688:. Retrieved
5674:
5663:. Retrieved
5649:
5641:the original
5631:
5620:. Retrieved
5616:the original
5606:
5578:
5571:
5563:the original
5553:
5544:
5532:. Retrieved
5518:
5503:
5498:
5487:. Retrieved
5478:
5469:
5458:. Retrieved
5449:
5440:
5429:. Retrieved
5420:
5411:
5400:. Retrieved
5391:
5382:
5362:
5339:
5329:14 September
5327:. Retrieved
5310:
5300:
5290:14 September
5288:. Retrieved
5279:
5257:the original
5247:
5233:cite journal
5216:
5206:
5195:. Retrieved
5170:
5166:
5156:
5145:. Retrieved
5136:
5127:
5119:the original
5088:
5076:. Retrieved
5062:
5050:. Retrieved
5036:
5022:
5012:
5005:
4994:. Retrieved
4974:
4965:
4959:
4947:. Retrieved
4936:
4926:
4915:. Retrieved
4906:
4897:
4886:. Retrieved
4877:
4868:
4858:December 15,
4856:. Retrieved
4844:
4832:. Retrieved
4828:the original
4803:. Retrieved
4793:
4782:. Retrieved
4773:
4764:
4753:. Retrieved
4743:
4723:
4719:
4708:. Retrieved
4694:
4689:, recital 13
4664:
4642:
4619:
4614:
4603:. Retrieved
4589:
4570:
4560:
4548:. Retrieved
4534:
4518:
4507:. Retrieved
4485:
4477:the original
4466:
4455:. Retrieved
4451:the original
4446:
4422:. Retrieved
4418:the original
4389:
4385:
4375:
4364:. Retrieved
4360:the original
4353:
4344:
4333:. Retrieved
4329:the original
4319:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4273:the original
4256:
4248:the original
4238:
4230:the original
4220:
4209:. Retrieved
4189:
4181:the original
4171:
4159:. Retrieved
4145:
4129:
4123:
4107:
4101:
4093:
4068:. Retrieved
4059:
4050:
4039:. Retrieved
4030:
4021:
4009:. Retrieved
4000:
3991:
3980:. Retrieved
3971:
3962:
3951:. Retrieved
3932:
3922:
3911:. Retrieved
3892:
3882:
3871:. Retrieved
3862:
3853:
3842:. Retrieved
3833:
3824:
3813:. Retrieved
3809:the original
3805:www.wipo.int
3804:
3795:
3786:
3775:. Retrieved
3766:
3757:
3737:
3728:
3714:, retrieved
3709:
3700:
3693:Amy Harrison
3684:
3679:
3656:
3650:
3623:
3617:
3605:. Retrieved
3592:Live Science
3590:
3580:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3532:. Retrieved
3507:
3503:
3493:
3481:. Retrieved
3465:
3459:
3451:
3444:. Retrieved
3420:Liberty Fund
3418:
3402:
3394:
3387:. Retrieved
3371:
3367:
3354:
3342:. Retrieved
3323:
3299:
3292:. Retrieved
3268:Liberty Fund
3266:
3250:
3242:
3235:. Retrieved
3219:
3215:
3202:
3177:
3169:
3151:2011 UKSC 36
3144:
3134:
3129:
3116:
3103:
3084:
3069:
3062:532 U.S. 706
3057:
3048:
3039:
3019:Working poor
2943:Minimum wage
2938:Maximum wage
2933:Labor rights
2928:Labor market
2895:
2856:Distributism
2806:B.M.H. Uziel
2799:
2795:
2787:
2767:
2760:
2749:
2737:discriminate
2722:
2709:discriminate
2694:
2690:
2675:
2649:
2640:Factory Acts
2637:
2595:
2575:
2571:
2569:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2535:Labour Court
2531:Constitution
2524:
2515:South Africa
2505:
2489:
2459:
2441:
2437:adding to it
2432:
2395:
2391:adding to it
2386:
2347:
2334:
2330:adding to it
2325:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2241:Uttam Nakate
2238:
2223:
2212:. President
2192:enacted the
2179:
2156:
2130:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2068:
2065:
2055:October 2013
2052:
2048:adding to it
2043:
2005:of beggars.
2003:
1994:
1972:
1947:
1887:
1885:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1838:
1819:
1790:
1784:October 2013
1781:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1743:"Labour law"
1738:
1726:Please help
1721:verification
1718:
1691:
1683:
1663:
1650:
1635:
1627:human rights
1620:
1593:
1538:
1507:
1488:
1483:
1471:
1448:
1432:
1417:
1390:
1376:
1362:
1249:
1239:
1231:work-to-rule
1216:
1211:public order
1185:
1141:
1132:
1124:Labour Party
1118:
1110:
1102:
1083:
1071:
1062:Trade unions
1056:trade unions
1053:
1019:
1007:child labour
992:
977:Child labour
971:Child labour
962:contrary to
955:
934:
900:
874:
847:trade unions
836:
832:
809:
793:
790:
776:
750:
746:
734:
714:
711:Minimum wage
705:Minimum wage
692:
689:
685:
677:
657:compensation
646:
644:
640:
613:
585:
581:
573:
557:
541:child labour
529:
505:cotton mills
502:
499:Child labour
485:
481:labour union
474:
464:, arranging
446:fraternities
441:
433:
429:
397:
370:Roman Senate
365:
351:
325:
322:legal entity
314:ancient Rome
309:
307:
303:Roman Empire
284:
266:Antinoöpolis
242:Minya, Egypt
239:
221:freight rate
199:charterparty
185:
159:for each 60-
87:
51:
47:trade unions
42:
38:
34:
30:
29:
10931:Trade union
10886:Cooperative
10559:Uncertainty
10418:Index-based
10386:Multi-peril
10344:Reinsurance
10303:Public auto
10208:Residential
9896:Labour code
9856:Decent work
9810:Union raids
9800:Goon squads
9768:Paper local
9622:Recognition
9562:Unfair list
9482:Bossnapping
9451:Hiring hall
9441:Agency shop
9431:Closed shop
9361:Syndicalism
9285:Trades hall
9275:Union label
9260:Local union
9192:Trade union
9033:Legislature
8964:Bureaucracy
8761:Rule of man
8756:Rule of law
8731:Libertarian
8594:Chinese law
8495:Legislation
8445:Regulations
8433:Law reports
8411:Natural law
8307:Reparations
8302:Refugee law
8225:Jurimetrics
8166:(Media law)
8104:Banking law
8099:Amnesty law
8077:Disciplines
8014:Private law
7717:Historical:
7441:Resignation
7381:Termination
7364:Slow living
7332:Truck wages
7317:Labour camp
7245:Willingness
7137:Infractions
6792:Living wage
6735:Remote work
6403:Gold-collar
6358:Pink-collar
6353:Grey-collar
6343:Blue-collar
6310:Labour hire
6285:Cooperative
6249:Recruitment
6204:Job hunting
6137:Application
6119:Wage labour
6104:Labour hire
6057:Job sharing
5078:16 December
5052:16 December
5027:(in French)
5010:(in French)
4907:Global News
4834:October 20,
4805:January 11,
4161:January 31,
3863:www.wto.org
3558:: 149–156.
3141:2006 UKHL 3
3014:WorkChoices
2965:(on gender)
2923:Living wage
2881:Family wage
2851:Decent work
2810:corporatist
2745:free speech
2741:Due process
2729:due process
2686:work permit
2622:Labour Code
2598:Switzerland
2586:Switzerland
2470:flexibility
2198:flexibility
1889:The Rosella
1670:Halliburton
1510:World War I
1434:The Rosella
1068:Trade union
1034:agriculture
1026:restaurants
877:factory law
849:. With the
805:Factory Act
773:Living wage
767:Living wage
726:price floor
722:free market
624:legislation
537:Robert Owen
452:overseeing
380:. Ruins at
177:shipbuilder
90:city-states
84:Trade union
39:labour code
31:Labour laws
10981:Labour law
10975:Categories
10726:by country
10724:Insurance
10698:Total loss
10619:Deductible
10580:Cash value
10524:Act of God
10509:Insurance
10423:Parametric
10403:Expatriate
10279:Transport/
10245:Landlords'
10230:Earthquake
10118:Whole life
10038:Disability
9926:Protection
9901:Labour law
9891:Job strain
9718:Strike pay
9660:Bargaining
9607:Green bans
9600:newspapers
9446:Union shop
9415:Industrial
9265:Union dues
9026:Law school
8906:Prosecutor
8844:Magistrate
8631:Jewish law
8589:Common law
8510:Rulemaking
8505:Regulation
8455:Law making
8394:Divine law
8370:Legal code
8317:Sports law
8240:Law of war
8190:Health law
8175:Family law
8159:Energy law
8109:Bankruptcy
8046:Punishment
8041:Public law
7651:Wage curve
7458:Retirement
7371:Workaholic
7349:Work ethic
7216:Wage theft
7201:Labour law
7196:Evaluation
7181:Dress code
6946:Sick leave
6911:Child care
6873:Salary cap
6787:Income tax
6750:Shift work
6682:Time clock
6677:Sick leave
6672:Sabbatical
6637:Break room
6625:Attendance
6594:Profession
6579:Mentorship
6557:Retraining
6482:E-learning
6378:New-collar
6373:Red-collar
6320:Supervisor
6300:Internship
6219:Onboarding
6087:Technician
6082:Journeyman
6052:Gig worker
6018:Employment
5908:Labour Law
5821:2006-11-15
5796:2006-11-15
5768:2010-07-27
5758:infoplease
5690:2006-12-05
5665:2013-08-18
5622:2013-08-18
5489:2022-11-16
5479:www.gov.za
5460:2022-11-16
5450:www.gov.za
5431:2022-11-16
5421:www.gov.za
5402:2022-11-16
5392:www.gov.za
5197:2020-10-07
5147:2022-06-28
4996:2023-09-11
4917:2017-06-28
4888:2017-06-28
4784:2016-07-28
4755:2013-01-19
4710:2013-10-28
4680:Brussels I
4605:2014-01-07
4550:11 October
4509:2012-10-11
4491:Marx, Karl
4457:2007-04-15
4366:2006-05-05
4335:2006-05-05
4211:2017-01-27
4070:2022-07-20
4041:2021-07-28
4011:27 January
3982:2020-04-12
3953:2020-04-12
3913:2020-04-12
3873:2020-04-12
3844:2020-04-12
3815:2020-04-12
3777:2020-04-12
3763:"ABC Test"
3659:. Oxford:
3534:2021-06-23
3470:Newark, NJ
3431:. p.
3279:. p.
3161:References
2682:green card
2602:employment
2564:See also:
2462:Lithuanian
2253:World Bank
2243:case, the
1864:Under the
1754:newspapers
1508:Following
1458:See also:
1449:Labour law
1111:Under the
1030:sweatshops
999:labourers'
948:Longjumeau
785:See also:
757:UK in 1998
634:allow for
632:state laws
628:common law
521:Lancashire
509:Manchester
491:, notably
462:scriptures
460:, keeping
400:artificial
386:Roman Navy
362:Roman Army
244:(under an
207:shipmaster
201:between a
181:ship-owner
175:between a
35:labor laws
10872:Syndicate
10838:Collegium
10733:Australia
10688:Risk pool
10658:Indemnity
10629:Copayment
10563:Knightian
10475:Terrorism
10445:Liability
10313:Satellite
10174:Pollution
10098:Term life
10007:insurance
10005:Types of
9998:Insurance
9758:Givebacks
9741:Reactions
9542:Stay-away
9527:Picketing
9522:Precarity
9502:Grievance
9436:Open shop
9417:relations
9213:Structure
9206:Formation
9004:Judiciary
8999:Executive
8974:The bench
8911:Solicitor
8886:Barrister
8766:Sociology
8751:Pseudolaw
8691:Anarchist
8648:Roman law
8636:Parsi law
8621:Hindu law
8609:Canon law
8584:Civil law
8537:Concordat
8428:Precedent
8337:Trust law
8312:Space law
8149:Drugs law
8019:Procedure
7957:Civil law
7838:Workhouse
7758:Busy work
7572:Recession
7436:Pink slip
7394:Dismissal
7257:Careerism
6851:Singapore
6829:Hong Kong
6692:Schedules
6611:Tradesman
6512:Licensure
6472:Education
6442:Avocation
6383:No-collar
6363:Precariat
6244:Probation
6199:Job fraud
5874:Hart 2019
5187:154955223
4730:Case text
4651:Full text
4527:Part XIII
4424:8 January
4355:L'Express
4311:153424688
3943:0099-9660
3903:0099-9660
3716:19 August
3710:The Times
3516:0023-8856
3408:Hammurabi
3360:Hammurabi
3316:Hammurabi
3256:Hammurabi
3208:Hammurabi
3133:See also
2814:conflicts
2502:Singapore
2456:Lithuania
2337:June 2008
2285:Indonesia
2180:In 2000,
2071:Brad Wall
1938:Australia
1478:Karl Marx
1241:Picketing
1005:. Use of
995:schooling
917:Dismissal
820:Reichstag
759:. In the
620:feudalism
466:festivals
442:Collegium
434:collegium
426:guildhall
382:Lambaesis
358:Imperator
327:Lex Julia
310:collegium
286:collegium
110:home city
10952:Category
10830:§275–277
10748:Pakistan
10596:Pro rata
10485:War risk
10450:No-fault
10361:Casualty
10318:Shipping
10288:Aviation
10265:Renters'
10260:Property
10255:Mortgage
10225:Contents
10199:Umbrella
10159:Fidelity
10127:Business
10023:Accident
9956:Workload
9941:Overwork
9537:Slowdown
9111:Category
9053:Tribunal
9038:Military
8881:Attorney
8851:Judgment
8711:Feminist
8626:Jain law
8423:Case law
8144:Cyberlaw
8051:Corporal
8029:Criminal
7999:Evidence
7989:Doctrine
7967:Contract
7746:See also
7672:Workfare
7497:Turnover
6893:Benefits
6774:salaries
6730:Overtime
6720:Flextime
6652:Gap year
6647:Furlough
6616:Vocation
6599:Operator
6462:Coaching
6417:training
6295:Employer
6290:Employee
6194:Job fair
6072:Side job
5891:Archived
5877:Archived
5860:June 26,
5762:Archived
5731:Archived
5712:Archived
5684:Archived
5659:Archived
5598:45639297
5534:10 April
5528:Archived
5483:Archived
5454:Archived
5425:Archived
5396:Archived
5371:Archived
5351:Archived
5323:Archived
5284:Archived
5217:Figshare
5191:Archived
5141:Archived
5072:Archived
5046:Archived
4987:Archived
4943:Archived
4911:Archived
4882:Archived
4878:CBC News
4778:Archived
4749:"Angola"
4733:Archived
4704:Archived
4683:Archived
4672:Archived
4654:Archived
4635:archived
4599:Archived
4544:Archived
4503:Archived
4406:12293082
4269:Eurostat
4202:Archived
4155:Archived
4134:Archived
4112:Archived
4064:Archived
4035:Archived
4005:Archived
3976:Archived
3947:Archived
3907:Archived
3867:Archived
3838:Archived
3771:Archived
3746:Archived
3607:June 23,
3601:Archived
3528:Archived
3524:41539517
3483:June 15,
3446:June 20,
3437:Archived
3410:(1904).
3389:June 20,
3362:(1903).
3344:June 20,
3338:Archived
3318:(1910).
3294:June 20,
3285:Archived
3258:(1904).
3237:June 20,
3210:(1903).
3009:Weekends
2828:See also
2808:tend to
2802:A.I Kook
2790:halakhic
2756:New Deal
2610:cantonal
2275:Archived
2167:vacation
2008:Service.
1898:Estonian
1845:case law
1439:C-438/05
1424:C-319/05
1408:96/71/EC
1353:593/2008
1227:sabotage
1022:tourists
551:and the
414:shipyard
389:mariners
366:collegia
340:Dictator
291:Lanuvium
270:Aegyptus
136:used by
10877:Benefit
10864:Digesta
10800:History
10534:Actuary
10490:Weather
10480:Tuition
10470:Takaful
10398:Deposit
10328:Vehicle
9642:Whipsaw
9637:Walkout
9532:Salting
9475:Actions
9125:Outline
9062:History
8969:The bar
8943:Verdict
8891:Counsel
8871:Justice
8726:History
8549:Statute
8365:Charter
8327:Tax law
8275:Probate
7722:U.S.A.:
7327:Peonage
7302:Slavery
7252:Boreout
6991:Karoshi
6941:Pension
6725:On-call
6430:Artisan
6114:Laborer
5982:. 1905.
5319:3004151
4569:(ed.).
4525:(1919)
4414:5858814
3504:Latomus
3425:Chicago
3273:Chicago
2800:Rabbis
2701:federal
2606:federal
1982:Belgium
1768:scholar
1608:tariffs
1604:customs
1437:(2008)
1422:(2008)
1382:UKSC 14
1339:44/2001
1223:go-slow
1219:boycott
1179:in the
1011:textile
952:Essonne
938:of the
887:mills.
885:textile
661:holiday
403:harbour
374:Emperor
372:or the
360:of the
342:of the
299:Hadrian
248:of the
232:⁄
214:⁄
149:shekels
138:artisan
104:into a
94:Assyria
66:History
10753:Serbia
10713:Profit
10585:Broker
10511:policy
10323:Travel
10308:Marine
10215:Boiler
10189:Surety
10033:Dental
10015:Health
9585:Hartal
9497:Gherao
9304:Models
9043:Police
9014:Agency
8896:Lawyer
8641:Sharia
8532:Treaty
8527:Repeal
8473:Decree
8384:Custom
8280:Estate
8230:Labour
7994:Equity
7426:Layoff
6976:Crunch
6834:Europe
6824:Canada
6812:Europe
6413:Career
6254:Résumé
6129:Hiring
6037:Casual
5953:
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4669:Rome I
4633:,
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3597:Future
3572:283119
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3091:
3064:(2001)
2620:, the
2560:Sweden
2480:Mexico
2364:Israel
2220:Poland
2147:France
2013:Canada
1931:unions
1917:Angola
1814:, and
1808:EU law
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1741:
1700:EU law
1662:case,
1512:, the
1480:said:
1466:, and
1396:UKSC 1
1368:UKHL 3
1235:sit-in
946:, the
929:, and
853:, the
608:, and
458:augury
428:for a
418:Trajan
406:Portus
336:Consul
295:Italia
258:tablet
246:Eyalet
205:and a
179:and a
169:vessel
165:bushel
141:guilds
132:, and
130:weight
126:volume
118:length
82:, and
10849:Guild
10743:India
10738:China
10607:Claim
10413:Group
10393:Cyber
10371:Crime
10337:Other
10270:Title
10235:Flood
9595:Bandh
9370:Types
9118:Index
8984:Court
8928:Trial
8834:Judge
8675:Yassa
8478:Edict
8024:Civil
7977:Crime
7287:McJob
6807:World
6770:Wages
6632:Break
6278:Roles
5183:S2CID
5098:(PDF)
4990:(PDF)
4983:(PDF)
4949:8 May
4853:(PDF)
4499:Basel
4410:S2CID
4307:S2CID
4276:(PDF)
4265:(PDF)
4205:(PDF)
4198:(PDF)
3568:JSTOR
3520:JSTOR
3440:(PDF)
3415:(PDF)
3288:(PDF)
3263:(PDF)
3120:e.g.
3031:Notes
2705:state
2410:Japan
2229:India
2133:Czech
2097:China
2081:China
1960:Benin
1775:JSTOR
1761:books
1674:Egypt
1410:art 3
1351:(EC)
1337:(EC)
781:Hours
720:in a
653:Latin
507:near
320:as a
318:acted
316:that
280:of a
272:that
256:-era
223:on a
195:gerah
193:of 3-
188:ferry
163:(300-
98:Sumer
80:Guild
10822:§234
10544:Risk
10514:and
10376:Crop
10240:Home
10134:Bond
10080:Life
9456:Bump
9280:Salt
8866:Jury
8814:Fiqh
8670:Xeer
8068:Tort
7984:Deed
6772:and
6415:and
6182:list
5951:ISBN
5933:ISBN
5912:ISBN
5862:2014
5594:OCLC
5584:ISBN
5536:2017
5508:ISBN
5331:2023
5315:SSRN
5311:SSRN
5292:2023
5239:link
5080:2022
5054:2022
5030:SMIG
4951:2023
4860:2012
4836:2010
4807:2013
4631:Text
4575:ISBN
4552:2012
4426:2006
4402:PMID
4163:2015
4013:2016
3939:ISSN
3899:ISSN
3718:2011
3691:and
3665:ISBN
3636:ISBN
3609:2021
3512:ISSN
3485:2021
3448:2021
3391:2021
3346:2021
3296:2021
3239:2021
3188:ISBN
3184:1955
3089:ISBN
2804:and
2761:The
2750:The
2731:and
2723:The
2703:and
2676:The
2638:The
2537:and
2356:and
2303:Iran
2089:and
1948:The
1905:TFEU
1877:TFEU
1871:The
1839:The
1747:news
1654:(or
1567:and
1559:and
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1502:and
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1001:and
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671:and
663:and
519:for
432:, a
410:Rome
356:and
338:and
276:and
191:rate
134:time
122:area
116:for
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10516:law
10455:Pet
7938:Law
6305:Job
5221:doi
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4394:doi
4299:doi
3834:Aon
3687:by
3560:doi
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2171:law
2095:In
2075:MLA
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1730:by
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1565:100
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