80:
344:
319:
110:
68:
534:, where he was beaten. The news reached Labin the following day and on 3 March the miners assembled and decided to occupy the mine works in response. Augmented by the arrival of the peasants from the surrounding countryside, a "red guard" was organized as a security force tasked with maintaining order.
546:
On April 8, 1921 the
Italian administration in Istria, responding to requests for intervention from the mine owners, decided to suppress the republic using military force. A thousand soldiers surrounded the mine and eventually succeeded after suppressing the strong resistance of the miners. The
543:("The mine is ours"). They organized a government and the Red Guards as protection from the police, and started to manage the production of mines by themselves with the support of some farmers.
466:
465:
in 1921, set it on fire, and attacked representatives of the Raša (Arsa) Mining Trade Union. Prompted by this event and the exploitative character of the mine owners, the
1029:
479:
One of the causes of the strike was the decision by the mine owners not to pay a bonus for
February 1921, because the miners had taken a day’s holiday to observe
1299:
986:
1166:
555:. The indictment charged 52 miners. Lawyers Edmondo Puecher, Guido Zennaro and Egidio Cerlenizza successfully defended the accused, and the jury issued an
1294:
225:
750:
1314:
571:, and it had a much wider echo. This cluster of events should be interpreted in the context of the circumstances at the time, particularly in the
802:
1064:
979:
109:
1304:
1151:
720:
636:"Labinska republika 1921: antropološko-povijesne bilješke uz stogodišnjicu rudarskog zauzeća ugljenokopa, samoorganizacije i otpora"
141:
1186:
1044:
127:
1161:
435:
483:
on 2 February, although the management had abolished it as a holiday. "For the miners the
Candlemas was, next to the feast of
471:
1309:
1206:
972:
876:
785:
1329:
833:
1216:
1034:
753:[Tourist attraction in Istria: Croatia will also have an underground city in Labin] (in Croatian). 7 March 2011
895:
1191:
1171:
588:
1324:
1289:
1284:
337:
324:
406:(Albona) on March 7, 1921, during a mining strike. It was created in what has been described as the world's first
79:
1319:
693:
1069:
995:
667:
530:
from
Trieste. However on March 1, 1921, Pippan was caught by a group of fascists at the railway station in
446:. Italy began to revitalize and exploit the population and economic potential of the occupied territories.
1279:
810:
1196:
1181:
1176:
1100:
1201:
1039:
1110:
772:
Moos, Carlo (2017). "SĂĽdtirol im St. Germain-Kontext". In Grote, Georg; Obermair, Hannes (eds.).
593:
527:
439:
419:
67:
1211:
1115:
1105:
777:
1156:
609:
115:
410:
uprising. On April 8, the
Italian administration in Istria suppressed the strike by force.
728:
579:. The multi-ethnic, but unique armed resistance to overwhelming fascism paved the way for
8:
1125:
1130:
1120:
1079:
1009:
614:
219:
194:
1019:
1014:
872:
781:
572:
537:
The miners proclaimed the republic in the occupied mines on 7 March with the slogan,
375:
180:
34:
1258:
1084:
1024:
647:
383:
176:
48:
1253:
1237:
959:
La
Repubblica di Albona e il movimento dell'occupazione delle fabbriche in Italia
925:
868:
523:
423:
239:
210:
751:"Turistička atrakcija u Istri: I Hrvatska će imati podzemni grad i to u Labinu"
576:
567:
Although never established, the Labin
Republic had left unrecoverable scars on
443:
1273:
1054:
1049:
841:
515:
484:
454:
156:
143:
568:
1146:
1074:
1059:
964:
947:
903:
580:
407:
586:
The story of the Labin
Republic was the subject of a 1985 Yugoslav film,
652:
519:
961:, Giacomo Scotti, Luciano Giuricin, Centro di ricerche storiche, 1971
556:
480:
450:
184:
635:
696:[One Hundred Years Since the Start of the Labin Republic].
499:
495:
487:, the most important day because February 2 symbolized the light."
431:
391:
774:
A Land on the
Threshold. South Tyrolean Transformations, 1915–2015
552:
511:
503:
462:
458:
362:
834:"BALKANS: "The mine is ours!" History of the Republic of Labin"
507:
491:
427:
399:
395:
531:
403:
548:
476:, a general strike of about two thousand miners broke out.
805:[Remembered the first revolution of the miners].
461:
occupied the headquarters of the
Workers' Committee in
926:"Red And Black / RdeÄŤi in ÄŤrni / Crveni i crni (1985)"
1167:
Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia
538:
1271:
723:[100 years of the Republic of Labin].
96:
26:
1300:States and territories disestablished in 1921
980:
803:"Ricordata la prima rivoluzione dei minatori"
40:
994:
694:"Sto godina od poÄŤetka Labinske republike*"
1295:States and territories established in 1921
1065:Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee
987:
973:
862:
108:
831:
718:
651:
633:
16:1921 unrecognised state in modern Croatia
1187:Commune of the Working People of Estonia
1030:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
890:
888:
547:arrested miners were sent to prisons in
1315:Former countries of the interwar period
1272:
1152:Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets
1207:Bessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic
968:
885:
832:Celeghini, Riccardo (23 March 2016).
771:
719:Osmanagić, Danijel (3 August 2021).
490:The men were of different origins -
206:• Head of the miners committee
390:) was a short-lived self-governing
13:
1217:Galician Soviet Socialist Republic
1162:Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
940:
800:
14:
1341:
1192:Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic
1172:Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic
426:, Italy was given the regions of
284:325 km (125 sq mi)
1305:1921 disestablishments in Europe
865:Historical Dictionary of Croatia
467:SocietĂ Anonima Carbonifera Arsa
342:
317:
78:
66:
918:
1035:German Revolution of 1918–1919
856:
840:. East Journal. Archived from
825:
794:
765:
743:
727:(in Slovenian). Archived from
712:
686:
660:
627:
1:
902:(in Croatian). Archived from
620:
114:Labin Republic shown in red,
1070:Mongolian Revolution of 1921
809:(in Italian). Archived from
721:"100 let Labinske republike"
700:(in Croatian). March 3, 2021
562:
338:Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
325:Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
7:
1147:Soviet Republic of Naissaar
863:Stallaerts, Robert (2009).
603:
597:
10:
1346:
898:[Labin Republic].
634:Matošević, Andrea (2021).
413:
1246:
1230:
1197:Hungarian Soviet Republic
1182:Soviet Republic of Saxony
1177:Ukrainian Soviet Republic
1139:
1093:
1002:
776:. Oxford-Berne-New York:
422:following the end of the
418:With the collapse of the
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62:
57:
21:
1310:Revolutions of 1917–1923
1202:Bavarian Soviet Republic
1040:1919 Egyptian revolution
996:Revolutions of 1917–1923
218:• Commander of the
1325:20th-century rebellions
1290:Modern history of Italy
1285:20th century in Croatia
1111:1919 Southampton mutiny
1045:Greater Poland Uprising
528:Italian Socialist Party
436:Treaty of Saint-Germain
420:Austro-Hungarian Empire
394:that was proclaimed by
1330:Miners' labor disputes
1212:Slovak Soviet Republic
1116:Seattle General Strike
952:Istarska enciklopedija
900:Istarska enciklopedija
539:
387:
379:
261:• Disestablished
97:
41:
27:
1320:Anti-fascism in Italy
1157:Odesa Soviet Republic
589:The Red and the Black
438:, as promised in the
173:Common languages
1101:French Army Mutinies
948:"Labinska republika"
896:"Labinska republika"
388:Repubblica di Albona
42:Repubblica di Albona
1126:May Fourth Movement
906:on 10 November 2019
674:. Labin Town Museum
668:"Labin Town Museum"
653:10.20901/pm.58.1.01
522:. They were led by
251:• Established
153: /
1121:March 1st Movement
1080:September Uprising
1010:Russian Revolution
813:on 4 November 2019
807:La Voce del Popolo
780:. pp. 27–39.
731:on 6 February 2023
725:Zgodovina na dlani
615:Red Guards (Italy)
610:Proština rebellion
380:Labinska republika
195:Socialist republic
128:Unrecognized state
116:Proština rebellion
102:"The mine is ours"
28:Labinska Republika
1280:History of Istria
1267:
1266:
1020:Finnish Civil War
1015:Russian Civil War
878:978-0-8108-7363-6
844:on 2 October 2023
787:978-3-0343-2240-9
573:Italian Peninsula
368:
367:
354:
353:
350:
349:
330:
329:
226:Francesco Da Gioz
157:45.083°N 14.117°E
1337:
1259:World revolution
1131:1923 KrakĂłw riot
1085:Hamburg Uprising
1025:Aster Revolution
989:
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1254:World communism
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1238:First Red Scare
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1135:
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998:
993:
946:
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941:Further reading
938:
937:
924:
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871:. pp. 6–.
869:Scarecrow Press
861:
857:
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838:eastjournal.net
830:
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801:Ĺ kopac, Tanja.
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666:
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640:PolitiÄŤka misao
632:
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623:
606:
565:
524:Giovanni Pippan
469:
434:as part of the
424:First World War
416:
343:
318:
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240:Interwar period
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211:Giovanni Pippan
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1222:Labin Republic
1219:
1214:
1209:
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1199:
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1189:
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954:(in Croatian).
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672:iti-museum.com
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594:Serbo-Croatian
577:Central Europe
564:
561:
526:, sent by the
444:Triple Entente
415:
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372:Labin Republic
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236:Historical era
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162:45.083; 14.117
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89:
84:
77:
76:
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23:Labin Republic
22:
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9:
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2:
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1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1055:Ruhr uprising
1053:
1051:
1050:Biennio Rosso
1048:
1046:
1043:
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1038:
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1033:
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1028:
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654:
649:
645:
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601:
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598:Crveni i crni
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541:
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505:
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497:
493:
488:
486:
485:Santa Barbara
482:
477:
473:
468:
464:
460:
456:
455:March on Rome
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
430:and parts of
429:
425:
421:
411:
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401:
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364:
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359:Today part of
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312:
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265:April 8, 1921
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255:March 7, 1921
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95:
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81:
69:
61:
56:
50:
43:
36:
29:
20:
1221:
1075:March Action
1060:Iraqi Revolt
958:
951:
929:
920:
908:. Retrieved
904:the original
899:
864:
858:
846:. Retrieved
842:the original
837:
827:
815:. Retrieved
811:the original
806:
796:
773:
767:
755:. Retrieved
745:
733:. Retrieved
729:the original
724:
714:
702:. Retrieved
697:
688:
676:. Retrieved
671:
662:
643:
639:
629:
587:
585:
581:anti-fascism
566:
545:
540:Kova je nasa
536:
489:
478:
448:
417:
408:anti-fascist
371:
369:
307:Succeeded by
306:
301:
292:Italian lira
280:• Total
98:Kova je nasa
94:Motto:
93:
1140:Territories
910:13 November
848:13 November
817:13 November
757:13 November
678:13 November
646:(1): 7–26.
470: [
302:Preceded by
160: /
1274:Categories
778:Peter Lang
621:References
569:Labinština
520:Hungarians
457:in Italy,
220:Red Guards
191:Government
1231:Reactions
698:TaÄŤno.net
563:Aftermath
557:acquittal
481:Candlemas
451:Mussolini
185:Chakavian
1106:Red Week
1094:Protests
930:imdb.com
704:March 2,
604:See also
500:Italians
496:Slovenes
459:fascists
432:Dalmatia
402:city of
392:republic
376:Croatian
289:Currency
181:Croatian
118:in green
35:Croatian
1247:Related
1003:Revolts
735:2 March
553:Rovigno
512:Slovaks
504:Germans
463:Trieste
449:Before
442:by the
414:History
400:Istrian
398:in the
384:Italian
363:Croatia
177:Italian
148:14°07′E
145:45°05′N
134:Capital
49:Italian
875:
784:
508:Czechs
492:Croats
428:Istria
396:miners
183:, and
124:Status
85:Emblem
45:
31:
532:Pazin
516:Poles
474:]
404:Labin
137:Labin
912:2019
873:ISBN
850:2019
819:2019
782:ISBN
759:2019
737:2023
706:2023
680:2019
575:and
551:and
549:Pola
518:and
370:The
274:Area
73:Flag
58:1921
648:doi
600:).
453:'s
1276::
950:.
928:.
887:^
867:.
836:.
670:.
644:58
642:.
638:.
596::
583:.
559:.
514:,
510:,
506:,
502:,
498:,
494:,
472:it
386::
382:,
378::
179:,
988:e
981:t
974:v
932:.
914:.
881:.
852:.
821:.
790:.
761:.
739:.
708:.
682:.
656:.
650::
592:(
374:(
51:)
47:(
37:)
33:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
