Kris - Knowledge

2239: 2467: 2685: 2598: 5105: 2663: 1965: 1855:) is an object of art, often carved in meticulous details and made from various materials: precious rare types of wood to gold or ivory. They were often carved to resemble various animals and Hindu deities, although this became less common with the introduction of Islam. In Bali, kris handles are made to resemble demons coated in gold and adorned with semi precious and precious stones, such as rubies. In Java, kris handles are made in various types, the most common design being the abstract stylized representation of the human form. Examples of hilt designs include Tunggak Semi Putri Kinurung hilt from Surakarta, Batara Guru and Pulasir hilt from Madura, Punukan hilt from Palembang, Ratmaja from Bali, Pulungan hilt from Cirebon, Pekaka hilt from Pattani, and a seabird-like hilt from Lampung and Sulawesi. The kris usually has a curved pistol-grip 1399: 2040: 2720: 1022: 1148: 2098: 1842: 5099: 1160: 2752: 1868: 2738: 2138: 7419: 48: 2078: 2290:(admiral) were passed on to his comrade Hang Jebat. Furious that his best friend was unfairly put to death, Hang Jebat rebelled against the royalty and took over the palace. The desperate ruler of Melaka pardoned the minister so long as Hang Tuah could win him back the throne. Having trained under the same master since childhood the two friends were nearly equals but of the two, Tuah was the superior fighter. However, even after a long battle in the palace, neither could best the other because the Kris Taming Sari evened the odds. Only after taking his weapon back did Hang Tuah manage to stab Jebat, who died soon after. 2118: 7386: 2347:, stole it and used it to assassinate his uncle Raden Kikin by the river. Since then, Raden Kikin is also referred to as Sekar Seda Lepen (flower that fell by the river). Raden Trenggana rose as a sultan and later after his death, was replaced by Sunan Prawoto. Kikin's son, Penangsang of Jipang with the help of his teacher, Sunan Kudus, took revenge by sending an assassin to kill Prawoto using the Setan Kober kris. Prawoto younger sister Ratu Kalinyamat seeks revenge on Penangsang, since Penangsang also murdered her husband. She urged her brother in-law, Hadiwijaya ( 2785: 2852: 1347: 2837: 2903: 2937: 2766: 461: 7354: 2920: 7703: 971: 2620: 2886: 2869: 2820: 7435: 7370: 2802: 2646: 2367: 1562: 7338: 2972: 1949: 7304: 7240: 2954: 7451: 3098: 3070: 3084: 2048:

killed individuals at will. Some kris are rumored to stand upright when their real names are called by their masters. It was said that some kris helped prevent fires, death, agricultural failure, and many other problems. Likewise, they could also bring fortune, such as bountiful harvests. Many of these beliefs were derived from the possession of different kris by different people. For example, there is a type of kris in Java that was called

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travelling because it might be needed for self-defense. During times of peace, people wore kris as part of ceremonial attire. Ceremonial kris were often meticulously decorated with intricate carving in gold and precious stones. Heirloom blades were handed down through successive generations and worn during special events such as weddings and other ceremonies. Men usually wore only one kris but the admiral

7402: 7508: 1704: 1514:) and become the patrons of their works, although the activity of kris-making is declining. Until the 1990s, kris-making activities in Java had almost come to a standstill due to economic difficulties and changing socio-cultural values. However, thanks to several concerned kris experts, the tradition is being revived and kris craftsmanship has increased again. 1332:, is required as part of the spirituality and mythology surrounding the weapon, often left ancient blades worn and thin. The repair materials depended on location and it is quite usual to find a weapon with fittings from several areas. For example, a kris may have a blade from Java, a hilt from Bali and a sheath from Madura. 2394:(spiritual power), he kept fighting with an open wound in the stomach. He encircled his hanging intestines on his kris hilt, and continued to fight. When trying to attack his opponent, the reckless, fierce and impatient Panangsang pulled his Setan Kober off its sheath, but accidentally cut his own intestines and died. 2487:, it is not used to symbolise Javanese culture or royalty, as Javanese tradition promotes harmony and discourages direct confrontation (hence the absence of knives on Indonesian dinner tables). This is also why the Javanese traditionally wear the kris on their back, to symbolize violence as the last resort. 2060:

dream. If the owner had a bad dream, the blade was unlucky and had to be discarded, whereas if the owner had a good dream the dagger would bring good fortune. However, just because a blade was bad for one person didn't mean it would be bad for another. Harmony between the weapon and its owner was critical.

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Kris-makers did more than forge the weapon, they carried out the old rituals which could infuse the blade with mystical powers. For this reason, kris are considered almost alive because they may be vessels of spirits, either good or evil. Legends tell of kris that could move of their own volition and

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Although the people of Southeast Asia were already familiar with this type of stabbing weapon, the development of the kris most probably took place in Java, Indonesia. From its origin in Java, the use of kris spread throughout the Indonesian archipelago, Singapore, Malaysia, Southern Thailand and the

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in Leiden. The kris of Prince Diponegoro represents a historic importance, as a symbol of Indonesian heroic resilience and the nation's struggle for independence. The extraordinary gold-inlaid Javanese dagger previously was held as the Dutch state collection, and is now part of the collection of the

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Because some kris are considered sacred and believed to possess magical powers, specific rites needed to be completed to avoid calling down evil fates which is the reason warriors often made offerings to their kris at a shrine. There is also the belief that pointing a kris at someone means they will

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patterns in their kris, pikes, and other status weapons. After etching the blade with acidic substances, it is the small percentage of nickel present in meteoric iron that creates the distinctive silvery patterns that faintly light up against the dark background of iron or steel that become darkened

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to have armed himself with one short and one long kris. Women also wore kris, though usually of a smaller size than a man's. In battle, a fighter might have carried more than one kris; some carried three kris: his own, one from his father-in-law, and one as a family heirloom. The extra two served as

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where the occupation has been preserved by the Pande clan to this day, members of whom also make jewellery. A bladesmith makes the blade in layers of different iron ores and meteorite nickel. Some blades can be made in a relatively short time, while more intricate weapons take years to complete. In

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Over the past three decades, kris have lost their prominent social and spiritual meaning in society. Although active and honoured smiths who produce high quality kris in the traditional way can still be found in some places such as Madura, Surakarta, Yogyakarta, Makassar and Palembang, their number

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This Chinese account also reported that public execution by stabbing using this type of dagger is common. Majapahit knows no caning for major or minor punishment. They tied the guilty men's hands in the back with rattan rope and paraded them for a few paces, and then stabbed the offender one or two

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in the 13th century. The customer ordered a powerful kris to kill the mighty chieftain of Tumapel, Tunggul Ametung. Ken Arok eventually stabbed the old bladesmith to death because he kept delaying the scheduled completion of the kris. Dying, the bladesmith cursed the kris through prophecy that the

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Taming Sari ("flower shield") is one of the most well-known kris in Malay literature, said to be so skilfully crafted that anyone wielding it was unbeatable. In some versions of the legend, the weapon would grant its user physical invulnerability. The legend took place sometime during the fall of

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There are several ways of testing whether a kris is lucky or not. A series of cuts on a leaf, based on blade width and other factors, could determine if a blade was good or bad. Also, if the owner slept with the blade under their pillow, the spirit of the kris would communicate with the owner via

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was mentioned in several ancient Javanese inscriptions, including Humanding inscription (707 Saka or 875 CE), Jurungan inscription and Haliwangbang inscription (708 Saka or 876 CE), Taji inscription (823 Saka or 901 CE), Poh inscription (827 Saka or 905 CE), and Rukam inscription (829 Saka or 907

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Kris were worn at special ceremonies, with heirloom blades being handed down through successive generations. Both men and women might wear them, though those for women are smaller. A rich spirituality and mythology developed around the weapon. Kris are used for display, as talismans with magical

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is a symbol of heroism, martial prowess, power and authority. As a cultural symbol, the meticulously decorated kris represent refinement, art and beauty, as the pride and prized possession for its owner; however, as a weapon it is associated with violence, death and bloodshed. Probably for this

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garlands around the kris hilt, especially on groom's kris during the wedding ceremony, is said to originate from this tale. It is to symbolize that the groom should not be reckless, easily get angry, impatient and abusive like Arya Panangsang. To replace the intestine, the kris is coiled with a

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was defeated and detained, and had to hand his kris over to the Dutch in 1830. This event marked the disarmament of the kris as a combat weapon among the Javanese populace. Its ceremonial function, however, as part of traditional costumes, as sacred heirloom and as a protective personal amulet,

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on the right operating the piston bellows to blow air into the furnace. The wall behind the blacksmith displays various items manufactured in the forge, including kris. These representations of the kris in the Candi Sukuh established the fact that by the year 1437 the kris had already gained an

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of jasmine chain that resemble intestine. The jasmine is to symbolize sacredness, patience, grace, humility, kindness and benevolence, the qualities lack in Panangsang. However another source mentioned that actually Sutawijaya admired Penangsang's fighting spirits, still fighting although his

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While it is commonly believed that kris were the primary weapons wielded by fighters in the past, they were actually carried by warriors as a secondary armament if they lost their main weapon, which was usually a spear. For commoners however, kris were worn on a daily basis, especially when

1132:, Amsterdam. The kris bears the date of 1264 Saka (which corresponds to 1342 AD) in its iron blade. Scientists suspect that due to its special features the kris might be even older, but was decorated during Majapahit period to celebrate an important event. The kris bears scenes from the 2407:

intestine encircled around his kris. Impressed by Penangsang's deed, later he command his male descendants to follow his step, adorned the kris with "intestine" made from the chain of jasmine, as a symbol of bravery. The story of Arya Penangsang has inspired and performed as Javanese

658:), auxiliary equipment for court soldiers, an accessory for ceremonial dress, an indicator of social status, a symbol of heroism, etc. Legendary kris that possess supernatural power and extraordinary ability were mentioned in traditional folktales, such as those of Empu Gandring, 2684: 2597: 1534:

with a blade measuring between 15 and 50 in (38 and 127 cm) long, typically not sharpened as it is meant for stabbing and tearing, broader and asymmetric shape near the hilt, made of a combination of several kinds of metals. A kris's aesthetic value covers the

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kris or kris-tipped spear given by a Javanese king to nobles or his subjects, was meant to symbolize the king's confidence bestowed upon the receiver and is considered a great honor. During the Javanese wedding ceremony, a kris is required to be adorned with chains of

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compounds. The process of doing so was kept secret among smiths. Different types of whetstones, acidic juice of citrus fruits and poisonous arsenic bring out the contrast between the dark black iron and the light colored silvery nickel layers which together form

1616:) is always odd. Common numbers of luk range from three to thirteen waves, but some blades have up to 29. In contrast to the older straight type, most kris today have a wavy blade which is supposed to increase the severity of wounds inflicted upon a victim. 1651:(lit: "I" or "me", meaning that the kris has a spirit or soul). All these elements are present during the forging of kris. Earth is metal forged by fire being blown by pumped wind, and water to cool down the metal. In Bali, the kris is associated with the 1420:

into the archipelago that contributed to the decline of using the kris as the weapon of choice in battle. The forging of edged weapons went into decline from the moment that the sultans or rajas were subjugated and their realms annexed by the British or

1378:. The executioner's kris had a long, straight, slender blade. The condemned knelt before the executioner, who placed a wad of cotton or similar material on the subject's shoulder or clavicle area. The blade was thrust through the padding, piercing the 7556: 2719: 2161:

Several folktales—linked to historical figures—mention legendary kris that possess supernatural power and extraordinary ability. Most of the magical kris are of Javanese origin, while the tales are mainly derived from Javanese ancient manuscript and

2662: 1389:, instead of having professional armies, most kings within the region relied on their courtiers to mobilize for war whenever required and since most Javanese, Malay and Makassarese would own a kris, the weapon would have seen regular combat. During 2205:. The prophecy finally came true, with four men enlisted as the kris' first death roll, including Mpu Gandring himself, Tunggul Ametung, Kebo Ijo to whom Ken Arok lent the weapon, and finally Ken Arok himself. The unfinished kris then disappeared. 2035:

flower arrangement as an important part of Javanese groom's wedding costume. The addition of jasmine arrangement around the kris was meant as a symbol that a man should not easily be angry, cruel, fierce, too aggressive, tyrannical and abusive.

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is dramatically decreasing, and it is more difficult for them to find successors to whom they may transmit their skills. The traditional kris-making industry still survives in some villages, such as Banyu Sumurup village in Imogiri subdistrict,

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dagger) in their belts. The daggers are made entirely of steel with intricate motifs smoothly drawn. The handles are made of gold, rhino's horn or ivory carved with a depiction of human or demon; the carving works are exquisite and skillfully

1336:... every man in Java, whether he is rich or poor, must have a kris in his house ... and no man between the ages of 12 and 80 may go out of doors without a kris in his belt. They carry them at the back, as daggers used to be in Portugal ... 1607:

seed pod. The kris is famous for its wavy blade; however, older types of kris dated from the Majapahit era have straight blades, as do more than half of all kris prior to the modern era. The number of curves on the blade (known as

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The kris dance is a potentially dangerous dance and can lead to fatal accidents. In February 2021, a 16 year old kris dancer was stabbed to death in his heart by his own kris, during a Rangda dance performance in Denpasar, Bali.

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Both a weapon and spiritual object, kris are often considered to have an essence or presence, considered to possess magical powers, with some blades possessing good luck and others possessing bad. Kris are used for display, as

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high quality kris blades, the metal is folded dozens or hundreds of times and handled with the utmost precision. Empu are highly respected craftsmen with additional knowledge in literature, history, and the occult.

626:). Each part of the kris is considered a piece of art, often carved in meticulous detail and made from various materials: metal, precious or rare types of wood, or gold or ivory. A kris's aesthetic value covers the 1194:

is the weapon of farmers. There exist claims of earlier forms predating the Majapahit kris but none are verifiable. In the past, the majority of kris had straight blades but this became less frequent over time.

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unfinished or incomplete kris would kill seven men, including Ken Arok. Ken Arok used Mpu Gandring's cursed kris to assassinate Tunggul Ametung, cunningly put the blame to Kebo Ijo, and built a new kingdom of

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The early 20th century saw the decline of kris forging as carrying edged weapons was banned in the Dutch East Indies. However its spiritual and ceremonial function still continues and is celebrated mainly in

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or dragon, which also symbolizes irrigation canals, rivers, springs, wells, spouts, waterfalls and rainbows; thus, the wavy blade symbolizes the movement of the serpent. Some kris have the head of a

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that aids in stabbing strikes. It allows the palm of the holding hand to add pressure to the blade while stabbing. A kris only offers minimal protection for the hand by the broad blade at the hilt.

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Philippines through diplomacy and trade. The spread of the kris to other nations such as Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines, some historians say, was credited to the growing influence of the

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should possess knowledge, technical skills and also spiritual prowess, since kris are believed to have physical and spiritual presence. This was meant to differentiate the masters from common

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material for the kris smiths connected with the courts of Yogyakarta and Surakarta originates from an iron meteorite that fell to earth at the end of 18th century in the neighborhood of the

9170: 2052:, which was believed to grant its possessor an easy life without famine. This kris was mainly assigned to government officers who were paid, in whole or in part, with foodstuffs such as 473:

island of Java. Both weapon and spiritual object, the kris is considered to possess magical powers. The earliest known kris goes back to the tenth century and spread from the island of

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also wearing kris on their back. However, in other parts of archipelago, from Sumatra to the Malay Peninsula and to Sulawesi, the kris is worn on the front or left side on the hip.

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pattern has been found in the kris from Majapahit period, which was acquired from iron ores with small nickel content. Most probably this iron ore was imported from the island of

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powers, weapons, sanctified heirloom, auxiliary equipment for court soldiers, as an accessory for ceremonial dress, an indicator of social status, a symbol of heroism, etc.

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In former times, kris blades were said to be infused with poison during their forging, ensuring that any injury was fatal. The poison used to polish kris blade is called

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floral motifs. The upper part of the sheath formed a broad curved handle made from wood or sometimes ivory. It could be adorned with precious or semi-precious stones.

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and the heart. Upon withdrawal, the cotton wiped the blade clean. In the Malay world and Java, an honourable form of execution was death by kris to the heart.

5098: 2332:) from the graveyard. As a result, although powerful, the kris had a temperamental evil nature that caused the wielder to be overly ambitious and impatient. 2445:

was the charismatic leader of the mass rebellion against Dutch colonial rule in Central Java, that was defeated and taken prisoner after the conclusion of

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comes close—is the kris so embedded in a mutually-connected whole of ritual prescriptions and acts, ceremonies, mythical backgrounds and epic poetry as in

128: 1522:, Yogyakarta, either specially made as a sacred amulet ordered by a kris enthusiast who seeks its spiritual power, or merely as souvenirs for tourists. 1159: 9190: 9095: 7294: 5276: 2328:, and had 13 luk on its blade. Near its completion when the empu tried to infuse the weapon with spiritual power, he was disturbed by a crying demon ( 2286:

was ordered to be executed, but he managed to escape and go into hiding with the help of a minister who knew the truth. Hang Tuah's kris and title of

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referring to the age and origin of a kris. Depending on the quality and historical value of the kris, it can fetch thousands of dollars or more.

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patterns have specific meanings and names which indicate the mythical properties they are believed to impart. There are around 60 variants of

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which in turn killed his stepfather after recognized that his biological father was killed by Ken Arok with the same kris. The bloody

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by the Spanish. Juramentados practice a ritual of sacrifice, a form of Jihad against not only Spanish soldiers, but also against

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practitioners precede their demonstrations by touching the points of the blades to the ground so as to neutralise this effect.

547:, although other ethnicities in it and surrounding regions are familiar with the weapon as part of their cultures, such as the 8598: 998:(Java) arrived in Chinese court bearing a lot of gifts, consists of a dagger with exquisite hilt made of rhino horn and gold, 9165: 4497: 4470: 3905: 3838: 3654: 3368: 6684: 2324:

who was killed by his own kris called Setan Kober ("devil of the grave"). It was forged by Empu Bayu Aji in the kingdom of

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and all were reputed to be able to work hot iron with their bare hands. The people of Majapahit would eventually flee to

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temple complex. The meteorite was excavated and transported to the keraton of Surakarta; from that time on the smiths of

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The description of a small dagger from Java reminiscent of kris can be found in Chinese source from the 10th century

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include "cryse", "crise", "criss", "kriss" and "creese". In English, the plural form is often simply "kris" as well.

4034: 3493: 2851: 513:). The kris is famous for its distinctive wavy blade, although many have straight blades as well, and is one of the 8972: 8563: 8261: 8054: 7654: 7011: 5808: 4571: 2527: 1663:

in motion, aggressive and alive; a straight blade is one at rest, its power dormant but ready to come into action.

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A kris depicted on the Panataran temple relief. From the main temple which bears the date of 1269 saka or 1347 CE.

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times in the back on the gap between the floating ribs, which resulted in severe bleeding and instant death.

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with a distinctive blade-patterning achieved through alternating laminations of iron and nickelous iron (

2885: 2022:. The kris is believed to have the ability to infuse bravery upon its holder: this property is known as 1841: 8942: 8922: 8479: 7899: 6920: 5458: 3009: 2727: 2518:

uses the kris to represent the southern territories. It can also be seen on an obverse copper-zinc-tin

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stabbed Penangsang with the Kyai Plered spear in the gut. However, Penangsang was believed to possess

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Wooden frame covered and decorated with ivory or metals (gold, silver, copper, iron, brass, or steel)

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colonial state. In number of regions, a ban was placed on carrying of cutting and stabbing weapons.

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The kris's history is generally traced through the study of carvings and bas-relief panels found in

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in 1830. His kris was long considered lost, but has now been found, after being identified by the

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manuscript dated from Saka 1440 or 1518 AD, describes the kris as the weapon of kings, while the

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In Java, the traditional art of kris-making is preserved in the Javanese culture heartland, the

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Victor A. Pogadaev. "Ya Khochu Obruchit'sya s Krisom" ("I Want to Be Engaged to a Keris"). In:

3161: 2458:. There is great doubt whether the Kris is the original Kris of Dipenegoro. Experts think not. 1124:

is the oldest known surviving kris in the world. Given to Charles Knaud, a Dutch physician, by

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state, the male dancers stab themselves in the chest with their own kris but remain unhurt.

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states that the kris recognized today came into existence around 1361 AD in the kingdom of

1042: 800: 788: 164: 4321:"The 'kris' of Prince Diponegoro returned to Indonesia - News item - netherlandsandyou.nl" 4115:

Warangan: racun untuk mencuci keris/tombak (Warangan: poison to wash kris dagger or spear)

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refer to those ironsmiths who possess the special skill of forging the kris. According to

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19th-century studio portrait of a native Javanese warrior with an iron kris-tipped spear

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The kris is depicted on different flags, emblems, coats and logos such as those of the

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A kris (referred to in-game as a keris) features prominently in the desert regions of

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parrying daggers, but if none were available the sheath would serve the same purpose.

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Javanese kris and scabbard displayed in Museum Volkenkunde, Leiden, the Netherlands.

638:(the pattern of metal alloy decoration on the blade, with around 250 variants), and 9150: 9030: 8982: 8715: 8631: 8509: 8139: 8024: 7979: 7949: 7247: 7119: 7046: 6910: 6857: 6852: 6400: 5996: 5916: 5527: 5492: 5161: 4728: 4678: 3279: 3103: 3075: 2492: 2484: 2426: 2355:, to kill Arya Penangsang. Hadiwijaya sent his adopted son and also his son in-law 2252: 2007: 1953: 1908: 1647:(earth, but also interpreted as metal or wood which both come from the earth), and 1547:(the pattern of metal alloy decoration on the blade, with around 60 variants), and 1323: 1199:, in the early 16th century, describes the importance of the kris to the Javanese. 1185: 552: 544: 514: 502: 248: 228: 198: 168: 1322:

Kris were often broken in battle and required repairs. Yearly cleanings, known in

1270: 9022: 9012: 8626: 8366: 7999: 7919: 7869: 7859: 7774: 7634: 7353: 7243: 7194: 7184: 7149: 7114: 7091: 7031: 6634: 6586: 6107: 6037: 6032: 5961: 5896: 5832: 5794: 5642: 5349: 5306: 4925: 4796: 4490: 4282: 4264: 4015: 3828: 3803: 3797: 3644: 3173: 3165: 3134: 3089: 2997: 2992: 2859: 2539: 2488: 2398: 2339:

that had replaced Majapahit as the ruler of Java. Setan Kober was safely kept by

2336: 2313: 2275:

named Taming Sari. He was defeated in a duel to the death by the Melakan admiral

1351: 1190: 1079: 1018:, and a small model of house made of sandalwood adorned with valuable ornaments. 960: 740: 726: 712: 694: 572: 568: 560: 548: 240: 218: 214: 210: 194: 186: 172: 152: 108: 9070: 8421: 8214: 6847: 4551: 3715: 460: 9100: 9065: 8962: 8871: 8795: 8691: 8671: 8514: 8391: 8306: 8224: 8074: 7974: 7764: 7744: 7407: 7174: 7104: 6986: 6895: 6870: 6815: 6802: 6772: 6596: 6566: 6521: 6415: 6395: 6385: 6270: 6215: 6205: 6127: 5931: 5906: 5746: 5637: 5616: 5603: 5542: 5344: 5281: 5074: 4976: 4885: 4862: 4688: 4638: 4628: 4514:(Oriental Collection). Moscow, Russian State Library. N 3 (30), 2007, 133–141. 4252: 3291: 2264: 2260: 1921: 1519: 1015: 970: 904: 888: 847: 748: 478: 6694: 3696: 3555:

Indonesia-Malaysia Relations: Cultural Heritage, Politics and Labour Migration

2991:

A kris is featured in the short story "The Crab Who Played with the Sea" from

2267:, tells that it was made by a Javanese empu and first used by the champion of 9139: 9075: 8815: 8810: 8728: 8666: 8641: 8636: 8504: 8452: 8321: 8311: 8286: 8204: 7939: 7749: 7669: 7584: 7164: 7086: 7076: 6991: 6925: 6717: 6704: 6689: 6659: 6654: 6443: 6435: 6370: 6365: 6260: 6250: 6220: 6195: 6162: 6152: 6142: 6097: 6077: 5876: 5847: 5364: 5354: 5194: 5151: 4997: 4875: 4753: 4743: 4718: 4683: 4587:

Indonesian traditional weapons, armors, and premodern gunpowder-based weapons

4038: 3265: 3257: 3122: 3025: 2181: 1503: 1121: 1026: 884: 564: 206: 144: 8861: 7564: 7434: 6825: 1196: 944:. Some of the most famous renderings of a kris appear on the bas-reliefs of 9115: 8866: 8835: 8830: 8760: 8743: 8696: 8406: 8326: 8256: 8246: 8119: 7914: 7849: 7639: 7423: 7134: 7068: 6963: 6762: 6420: 6410: 6360: 6255: 6147: 6112: 6087: 5951: 5936: 5911: 5891: 5881: 5861: 5660: 5647: 5627: 5392: 5329: 5141: 5136: 4930: 4920: 4900: 4784: 4738: 4723: 4713: 4693: 4653: 4633: 3245: 3128: 3116: 2893: 2843: 2703: 2691: 2674: 2652: 2348: 2189: 2175: 1980: 1794: 1450: 1129: 1058: 1034: 991: 964: 776: 768: 536: 519: 244: 202: 120: 8891: 4462:

Swish of the Kris, the Story of the Moros, Authorized and Enhanced Edition

2425:

During the Royal Netherlands state visit to Indonesia in March 2020, King

2366: 1845:

Richly decorated Balinese kris hilt coated with gold, adorned with rubies.

8927: 8765: 8411: 8381: 8281: 8174: 8114: 8019: 7929: 7889: 7802: 7512: 7169: 7159: 6996: 6968: 6900: 6742: 6649: 6556: 6531: 6405: 6390: 6355: 6305: 6295: 6280: 6067: 5946: 5871: 5852: 5767: 5762: 5589: 5339: 5334: 5301: 5184: 5156: 4846: 2670: 2555: 2434: 2344: 2340: 2233: 2221: 1441: 1046: 975: 814:. In the Philippines, the kris and similar stabbing daggers are known as 807: 780: 659: 588: 8896: 7369: 3649:. University of Michigan, Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies. 2279:, after which the king of Majapahit presented the weapon to the victor. 2242:

The Kris Taming Sari as seen third from the left, among the rest of the

1948: 9035: 8825: 8396: 8361: 8341: 8316: 8104: 8099: 8034: 7924: 7884: 7879: 7759: 7683: 7659: 7450: 7179: 7154: 7129: 7124: 7109: 7006: 7001: 6890: 6875: 6581: 6541: 6350: 6330: 6245: 6235: 6230: 6167: 6157: 6117: 6082: 6072: 6062: 6057: 5772: 5581: 5321: 5286: 4816: 4668: 3040: 2944: 2707: 2627: 2507: 2430: 2420: 2383: 2356: 2202: 1507: 1125: 1099:, from the king to commoners, from a boy aged three to elders, slipped 1003: 851: 112: 8494: 8209: 7036: 4085: 1826:(the Royal territories) used small pieces of meteoric iron to produce 1374:, the kris used to be the choice weapon for an execution known as the 1128:

in the 19th century Yogyakarta in Java, the kris is on display at the

9105: 9040: 9017: 9007: 9002: 8820: 8651: 8376: 8371: 8356: 8331: 8199: 7664: 7629: 7337: 7303: 7298: 7144: 6787: 6732: 6526: 6501: 6380: 6285: 6001: 5986: 5926: 5786: 5146: 4648: 3806:(in Chinese). Translated by J.V.G Mills. Cambridge University Press. 3141: 3047: 3036: 2631: 2325: 2287: 2283: 2276: 2268: 2213: 2185: 1992: 1895:

The making of a kris was the specialised duty of metalworkers called

1817: 1807: 1806:

however, is acquired in a quite unusual way, as it is made from rare

1708: 1561: 1367: 1311: 1172: 1096: 1054: 1050: 1030: 949: 945: 941: 929: 649: 592: 576: 540: 528: 524: 470: 401: 341: 285: 116: 93: 8656: 7874: 2533:

Since the independence of Malaysia, the kris has become a symbol of

2304: 1212: 8992: 8932: 8710: 8661: 8608: 8590: 8401: 8184: 8144: 8124: 8069: 7822: 7739: 7594: 7477:

List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding

7374: 6978: 6958: 6727: 6674: 6639: 6601: 6511: 6375: 6325: 6275: 6180: 5736: 5481: 5311: 5230: 5059: 5022: 4811: 4623: 3054: 3018: 2978: 2927: 2511: 2471: 2446: 2408: 2272: 2209: 2193: 1876: 1784: 1603: 1594: 1429: 1133: 1084: 957: 896: 868: 855: 811: 596: 584: 352: 348: 252: 140: 7702: 7609: 7491: 6953: 6737: 6679: 6551: 5480: 4500:(Originally printed 1936 Singapore:Progressive Publishing Company) 3057:'s Indonesian branch is based on a keris who has taken human form. 1541:(the form and design of the blade, with around 150 variants), the 924: 9110: 9050: 8952: 8881: 8790: 8785: 8701: 8529: 8524: 8351: 8291: 8276: 8266: 8164: 8059: 8049: 8014: 7984: 7864: 7854: 7828: 7731: 7721: 7624: 7589: 7455: 7321: 7290: 6915: 6885: 6835: 6820: 6606: 6571: 6516: 6506: 6481: 6463: 6340: 6320: 6315: 6210: 6047: 5976: 5901: 5665: 5652: 5517: 5502: 5296: 5225: 5189: 5179: 5128: 5064: 5054: 5012: 4945: 4910: 4836: 4826: 4806: 4703: 4673: 4643: 4618: 4609: 3584: 2523: 2403: 2032: 1685: 1620: 1490: 1480: 1417: 1088: 1066: 999: 632:(the form and design of the blade, with around 60 variants), the 3441:

The Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia, Volume 7

2612:(1855-1877), dressed in royal majesty attire including his kris. 1919:

that mostly create common metal tools or peasant's weapons like

1652: 8770: 8748: 8733: 8723: 8706: 8686: 8616: 8426: 8386: 8271: 8229: 8194: 8064: 7964: 7439: 7390: 7326: 7021: 6940: 6865: 6561: 6546: 6473: 6453: 6448: 6310: 6300: 6240: 6190: 6052: 6027: 5941: 5886: 5821: 5741: 5714: 5632: 5568: 5537: 5532: 5387: 5382: 5374: 5359: 5271: 5263: 5171: 5069: 5038: 4950: 4905: 4880: 4821: 4774: 4708: 4698: 4658: 4458: 4455:. Wijk en Aalburg (The Netherlands): Pictures Publishers, 2002. 4448:. Wijk en Aalburg (The Netherlands): Pictures Publishers, 1998. 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3029: 2474:, Bali (c. 1870), wore kris as a symbol of power and authority. 2352: 2019: 1996: 1988: 1972: 1774: 1531: 1070: 1011: 817: 666: 654: 580: 506: 383: 337: 309: 289: 79: 7614: 7507: 7401: 4296:"Prince Diponegoro's kris returned ahead of Dutch royal visit" 3361:

Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia

2208:

Another version of the tale describes that the kris passed to

1733:

recognized today in traditional kris blades. Some examples of

9090: 8987: 8856: 8676: 8580: 8575: 8462: 8189: 8134: 8109: 8004: 7969: 7839: 7735: 7496: 7358: 7342: 6830: 6792: 6664: 6644: 6616: 6591: 6496: 6290: 6200: 6137: 6132: 6102: 6014: 5817: 5681: 5607: 5563: 5547: 5291: 4992: 4966: 4866: 4831: 4769: 4748: 4733: 4546: 4345:"Indonesische experts: Nederland gaf de verkeerde kris terug" 3780:

Poesponegoro, Marwati Djoened; Notosusanto, Nugroho. (2008).

2876: 2559: 2335:

The story took place in the 16th century, during the fall of

2329: 2243: 2163: 2065: 1927: 1703: 1566: 1428:

In Java, the turning point was the end of the five-year-long

1062: 953: 831: 828:, while the much larger slashing sword versions are known as 329: 316: 302: 281: 9171:

Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity

4153:"Bentara Budaya Jakarta, Pameran Ragam Hulu Keris Nusantara" 3897:

Southeast Asia in the age of commerce, 1450-1680: Volume One

3670: 3340: 3050:. Its bonus to the "Prayer" stat reflects its sacred nature. 2188:(Book of Kings). It describes a legendary bladesmith called 8928:

Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit of the Congos of Villa Mella

8585: 8416: 8159: 8084: 7844: 7817: 6930: 6669: 6576: 6536: 6425: 6345: 6335: 6185: 5866: 4293: 3004:

In 2019, a kris was featured in season 6, episode 7 of the

2910: 2827: 2695: 2635: 2515: 2217: 2053: 1936: 1856: 1770: 1598: 1136:

on an unusual thin copper layer which partially covers it.

937: 671:

Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity

532: 474: 390:

Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity

333: 323: 312: 271: 89: 3972:

Museum Pusaka (Heirloom Museum) Taman Mini Indonesia Indah

2530:

1 cent coin of 1962 also depicted a pair of crossed kris.

8219: 6430: 4128:"Keris Beracun, Bukti Kejeniusan Ahli Senjata Jaman Kuno" 4062:(in Indonesian). Kalalima. 22 August 2011. Archived from 3447: 3218: 1931:. In old Majapahit, a kris bladesmith was referred to as 1684:(washing) the blade with acid and minerals that contains 1416:

In the 16th century, European colonial powers introduced

4086:"Magic of Metal, Spiritual and Physical Powers of Keris" 3703:(4th ed.). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. 2017. 1440:

However, the kris saw continuous use and forging in the

575:. The kris itself is considered as a cultural symbol of 3779: 3390:

The Suma Oriental of Tome Pires: An Account of the East

2576:

flag of Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

3754: 3438: 3413: 3393:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 179. 3250: 3234: 3198: 3190: 3182: 2026:

in Javanese which means "to add self-confidence". The

1850: 1827: 1811: 1801: 1788: 1778: 1764: 1758: 1752: 1746: 1740: 1734: 1728: 1722: 1712: 1690: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1624: 1584: 1578: 1548: 1542: 1536: 1327: 734: 720: 706: 639: 633: 627: 621: 615: 609: 603: 332:, bone, horn, wooden or metals. Sometimes coated with 65: 59: 53: 4276:

Ketoprak Guyonan Campursari: Ariyo Penangsang Mbalelo

3284: 1623:, kris contain all the intrinsic elements of nature: 1002:, ivories, pearls, silk of various colours, fragrant 652:

with magical powers, weapons, a sanctified heirloom (

4459:

Vic Hurley; Christopher L. Harris (1 October 2010).

4029: 4027: 4025: 4023: 3860:

Van Asdonck, Marjolein "Het sprookje van de kris." (

3580:"Malaysia's political knife act: theatre or threat?" 3065: 1006:, cotton clothes of various colours, turtle shells, 974:

Kris blacksmith's workshop depicted in 15th century

3515: 3513: 3511: 3017:In the 2019 video game and movie of the same name, 1402:A lithograph depiction of kris blacksmith in Java, 1237:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 7295:National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia 5424: 4357:Pogadaev, V. "Magia Krisa" ("The Magic of Kris"). 4037:(in Indonesian). Karaton Surakarta. Archived from 3273: 1903:(lit. "iron-skilled"). In Java the honorary title 1000:silk woven with floral motifs made of gold threads 837: 823: 531:for centuries, but nowhere—although the island of 4552:Makna Ricikan Keris (Meaning of Kris accessories) 4319:Zaken, Ministerie van Buitenlandse (2020-03-10). 4108:"Parimbwan L.31: Edisi Teks dan Pemaknaan Simbol" 4020: 3773: 3757:Traditional Weapons of the Indonesian Archipelago 3483: 3416:Traditional Weapons of the Indonesian Archipelago 3014:, as the round three finale weapon to be created. 1971:dance performance with kris-wielding dancers and 1448:. Kris-forgers and swordsmen were referred to as 1165:An unseathed kris on the Panataran temple relief. 1065:as the blacksmith on the left forging the metal, 9137: 4446:The Kris: An Earthly Approach to a Cosmic Symbol 3947: 3527:. Leiden: Leiden and KITLV Press. Archived from 3508: 2779:Kris are depicted in several emblems as a symbol 2359:, who would later become the first ruler of the 2156: 1717:) on dark iron background visible on kris' blade 859: 7393:, art of boatbuilding in South Sulawesi (2017) 3800:(瀛涯胜览) The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 3788: 2018:for "sacred heirloom weapon") and considered a 1139: 602:A kris can be divided into three parts: blade ( 469:is a distinctive, asymmetrical dagger from the 7221:Cutlery and Allied Trades Research Association 4265:ThingsAsian.com, Keris – Is it merely a sword? 3920: 2669:Wayang Klithik (Flat Wooden Puppet) figure of 1672:. The process of chemical coating was done by 1385:Kris were used commonly in battle, during the 829: 815: 7550: 7274: 5802: 5466: 4572: 2744:A Javanese sundang sword with straight blade. 2655:depicting Prabu Pandu Dewanata with his kris. 2192:or Empu Gandring and his impatient customer, 1057:. The scene in bas relief of Sukuh Temple in 527:. Kris have been produced in many regions of 4505:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 3878:. Singapore: Progressive Publishing Company. 3740:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3552: 3315: 4503:W. H. Rassers, "On the Javanese Kris", in: 3479: 3477: 2483:reason, although the kris is widespread in 1821: 1553:referring to the age and origin of a kris. 8540:Council of Wise Men of the plain of Murcia 7557: 7543: 7281: 7267: 5809: 5795: 5473: 5459: 4579: 4565: 4004: 4002: 3826: 3820: 3663: 3642: 3453: 2282:After being framed by a jealous official, 1797:is quite well known in Sulawesi and Java. 23:. For other uses of the word "KERIS", see 9191:Intangible cultural heritage of Indonesia 4234: 4214: 4105: 3782:Sejarah Nasional Indonesia II: Zaman Kuno 3611: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3553:Clark, Marshall; Pietsch, Juliet (2014). 3462: 3131:, US submachine gun named after the blade 2758:A Javanese sundang sword with wavy blade. 2574:. It has also been incorporated into the 2103:A Javanese chief, in his ordinary dress, 1297:Learn how and when to remove this message 1074:important place within Javanese culture. 52:The kris consists of three parts; blade ( 4113:(in Indonesian). Universitas Indonesia. 3923:"Banyu Sumurup survives as kris village" 3748: 3707: 3577: 3519: 3474: 2465: 2365: 2303: 2237: 2038: 1963: 1947: 1866: 1840: 1702: 1560: 1479: 1397: 1345: 1020: 969: 923: 8544:Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia 4422:"Sambut Hololive Indonesia Generasi 2!" 4258: 3999: 3950:Artifak Sains Dan Teknologi Alam Melayu 3873: 3794: 3418:. Koninklijk Instituut Voor Taal Land. 3140:Kris, the protagonist of the videogame 2300:Demak Sultanate § Sultan Trenggana 2220:continued on and on until the reign of 19:For other uses of the word "kris", see 9138: 5816: 4597: 4246: 4215:Firizqi Irwan. Endra Kurniawan (ed.). 3864:, Volume 50, no.5, November 2005) p.27 3759:. Koninklyk Instituut Voor Taal Land. 3592: 3486:"Kris, more than just a simple dagger" 3382: 3380: 2470:Gusti Ngurah Ketut Djelantik, Lord of 1871:Kris sheath of Ladrang Surakarta style 1569:as the handle. The blade has thirteen 907:. Other alternative spellings used by 7538: 7475: 7406:Three Genres of Traditional Dance in 7262: 5790: 5557:Daggers (Belati) & knives (Pisau) 5454: 5413: 5251: 5116: 4763:Daggers (Belati) & knives (Pisau) 4596: 4560: 4376:""The Crab that Played with the Sea"" 4318: 3889: 3887: 3885: 3638: 3636: 3386: 3357:Top 100 Cultural Wonders of Indonesia 2433:to Indonesia, received by President 1175:Empire in Java around the year 1492. 579:and also neighbouring countries like 543:the kris is commonly associated with 5484:traditional weapons and bladed tools 5252: 5117: 4542:The Kris in Java and Bali, Indonesia 4533:Surprising find at Okinawa temple – 4060:"Keris dan Budaya Spiritual Kejawen" 3893: 3833:. Pictures Publishers. p. 110. 3713: 3484:Tantri Yuliandini (April 18, 2002). 2224:, the last king of Singosari Empire 2180:One of the most famous legends from 2169: 1235:adding citations to reliable sources 1206: 858:in Indonesia, where it became known 8599:La Mare de Déu de la Salut Festival 7566:UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage 4401:"Forged In Fire: The Javanese Kris" 4294:Yuliasri Perdani; Ardila Syakriah. 3675:Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) 3377: 2772:A Javanese sword similar to a kris. 2549:United Malays National Organisation 2293: 2227: 2143:A Javanese man of the lower class, 1943: 1695:, damascene patterns on the blade. 1565:A decorative kris with a figure of 374:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage 13: 8491:Baltic song and dance celebrations 6487:Applegate–Fairbairn fighting knife 4484:Orchid Press; Reprint Edition 2010 4438: 4174:"The Spiritual Power of the Keris" 3925:. The Jakarta Post. Archived from 3882: 3633: 3546: 2985: 2451:Dutch National Museum of Ethnology 2414: 2397:The Javanese tradition of putting 1983:of Bali there is a segment called 1777:to create this pattern. The faint 1619:According to traditional Javanese 1530:Physically, the kris is a form of 14: 9202: 7012:W. R. Case & Sons Cutlery Co. 5501:Swords (Pedang) & cutlasses ( 4608:Swords (Pedang) & cutlasses ( 4526: 8877:Violins craftsmanship of Cremona 8564:Dancing procession of Echternach 8262:Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals 8055:Jeju Chilmeoridang Yeongdeunggut 7701: 7655:Sega tambour of Rodrigues Island 7506: 7490: 7449: 7433: 7417: 7400: 7384: 7368: 7352: 7336: 7320: 7302: 7289: 7239: 7238: 5103: 5097: 5091: 4453:Krisses: A Critical Bibliography 4424:(in Indonesian). 3 December 2020 3921:Slamet Susanto (April 2, 2005). 3830:Krisses: a critical bibliography 3096: 3082: 3068: 3043:as a weapon of the dagger class. 2970: 2952: 2935: 2918: 2901: 2884: 2867: 2850: 2835: 2818: 2800: 2783: 2764: 2750: 2736: 2718: 2683: 2661: 2644: 2618: 2596: 2562:, a larger sword variant of the 2528:Malaya and British Borneo dollar 2478:Throughout the archipelago, the 2136: 2116: 2096: 2076: 1952:Various ways of wearing kris in 1211: 1181:Sanghyang Siksa Kandang Karesian 1158: 1146: 952:temples (850), originating from 459: 382: 46: 9086:South Pacific Colombian marimba 8887:Wooden toys of Hrvatsko Zagorje 6783:Columbia River Knife & Tool 4547:OLD BLADES (introducing krises) 4414: 4393: 4368: 4351: 4337: 4312: 4287: 4269: 4208: 4192:"The Barong and The Kris Dance" 4184: 4176:. Ancient Keris. Archived from 4166: 4145: 4120: 4099: 4078: 4052: 3975: 3966: 3941: 3914: 3867: 3854: 3755:Albert G Van Zonneveld (2002). 3689: 3571: 3439:James Richardson Logan (1853). 3414:Albert G Van Zonneveld (2002). 2702:with his kris, a collection of 2582:, as well as the emblem of the 2526:pattern in the background. The 2083:A Javanese man in court dress, 1800:The best material for creating 1222:needs additional citations for 806:Two notable exceptions are the 669:awarded the kris the status of 8801:Petrykivka decorative painting 8613:French timber framing scribing 7650:Ritual dance of the royal drum 6881:Korin Japanese Trading Company 6123:Fairbairn–Sykes fighting knife 3578:Bendeich, Mark (Nov 6, 2007). 3432: 3407: 3154: 2962:Moro National Liberation Front 2568:Moro National Liberation Front 1769:. The kris blade forging uses 1525: 1444:, which comprised most of the 846:sword was introduced from the 257:Indonesian National Revolution 1: 9056:Popayán Holy Week processions 8549:Copper craftsmanship of Lahij 6023:Aircrew Survival Egress Knife 4482:Keris and Other Malay Weapons 4365:). Moscow, No. 4, 2010, 67–69 3876:Keris and Other Malay Weapons 3714:Pendatun, Datu Shariff, III. 3470:Javanese language: Politeness 3309: 2572:Moro Islamic Liberation Front 2312:Javanese folk story tells of 2157:Legendary and historic krises 2123:A Javanese man in war dress, 1407: 928:Kris depicted on 9th century 783:: کريس). Other names include 9166:Indonesian words and phrases 8938:Carnaval de Negros y Blancos 8806:Procession of the Holy Blood 7845:Baul tradition of Bangladesh 5414: 4035:"Keris: Bawa Rasa Tosan Aji" 3557:. Routledge. pp. 54–7. 3458:(in Javanese). p. 1359. 3454:Sudaryanto, Pranowo (2001). 3327:Kebudayaan.kemendikbud.go.id 3251: 3235: 3219: 2461: 2429:returned the kris of Prince 1833:by the effect of the acids. 1502:, and also the princedom of 1140:Development and distribution 676: 7: 8943:Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhão 7216:American Bladesmith Society 6753:Cattaraugus Cutlery Company 6685:U.S. Marine Raider stiletto 4507:99, 1940, pp. 377–403. 3643:Wojowasito, Suwojo (1980). 3443:. Miss. Press. p. 281. 3285: 3274: 3199: 3191: 3183: 3061: 2547:, the official flag of the 1851: 1828: 1812: 1802: 1789: 1779: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1747: 1741: 1735: 1729: 1723: 1713: 1691: 1680: 1674: 1668: 1643: 1637: 1631: 1625: 1585: 1579: 1577:The kris blade is called a 1549: 1543: 1537: 1328: 850:of the Philippines back to 735: 721: 707: 701:) which means "dagger". In 640: 634: 628: 622: 616: 610: 604: 133:Mataram-Cakranegara Kingdom 66: 60: 54: 10: 9207: 9013:Indigenous Day of the Dead 7568:: Representative List 3827:van Duuren, David (2002). 3617:"UNESCO - Indonesian Kris" 2728:Frans Francken the Younger 2589: 2578:, historical flags of the 2456:Indonesian National Museum 2418: 2297: 2231: 2196:, in the last days of the 2173: 1890: 1875:As with the hilt, a kris' 1087:'s expedition (1405–1433)— 914: 18: 8918: 8909: 8720:Moldovan Christmas Carols 8682:Lithuanian cross crafting 8604:Festivity of Saint Blaise 8448: 8439: 8372:Tugging rituals and games 8120:Ladkah Buddhist chantings 7980:Gangneung Danoje Festival 7794: 7787: 7717: 7710: 7699: 7580: 7573: 7482: 7469: 7312: 7234: 7208: 7067: 6723:American Tomahawk Company 6703: 6472: 6012: 5846: 5828: 5755: 5726: 5707: 5690: 5674: 5601: 5556: 5500: 5489: 5420: 5409: 5373: 5320: 5262: 5258: 5247: 5208: 5170: 5127: 5123: 5112: 5089: 5047: 5031: 4985: 4959: 4860: 4762: 4607: 4603: 4592: 4155:. Java Keris. 9 July 2011 4106:Andreanto, Randu (2011). 3948:Che Husna Azhari (2011). 3900:. Yale University Press. 3784:. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. 3119:, rapier version of keris 3035:The kris appears in both 3032:has a kris as her weapon. 2072:Kris in 19th century Java 1862: 1601:copying the shape of the 1341:Tome Pires, Suma Oriental 1008:betel nut preparation kit 919: 875:and pronounced either as 458: 448: 440: 435: 425: 415: 411:Traditional craftsmanship 407: 397: 381: 370: 365: 347: 322: 301: 296: 277: 267: 262: 224: 182: 104: 99: 86:Place of origin 85: 75: 45: 32: 8923:Carnaval de Barranquilla 8816:Sauna culture in Finland 8622:Georgian vocal polyphony 8302:Royal ballet of Cambodia 7689:Zambian Makishi Festival 7665:Ugandan barkcloth making 6748:Camillus Cutlery Company 4465:. Cerberus Corporation. 4325:www.netherlandsandyou.nl 4009:An Introduction to Keris 3983:Gateway To Malay Culture 3520:Groneman, Isaäc (2009). 3147: 3028:franchise the character 2677:Collections, before 1933 2634:'s national heroes from 2439:Indonesian national hero 1810:iron. Traditionally the 1773:with a small content of 1698: 1556: 1475: 1202: 994:. In 992 the envoy from 292: (Gunong), Chundrik 9081:San Basilio de Palenque 8095:Koshikijima no Toshidon 7920:Chinese shadow puppetry 7684:Zafimaniry woodcrafting 7059:Zwilling J. A. Henckels 6841:Gerber Legendary Blades 5957:Japanese kitchen knives 5838:List of blade materials 5432:Weapons of pencak silat 4088:. Neka Art Museum, Bali 3874:Gardner, G. B. (1936). 3137:, dagger from West Java 3125:, oldest surviving kris 3021:there is a cursed kris. 2514:. The former emblem of 2441:, Prince Diponegoro of 2376:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2370:Weapon of Java: Keris, 2149:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2129:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2109:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2089:Thomas Stamford Raffles 2010:the kris is revered as 1987:, in which the villain 1836: 1360:Thomas Stamford Raffles 838: 830: 824: 816: 237:Mongol invasion of Java 190:(mainly and originally) 8978:Danza de los Voladores 8973:Dancing Devils of Yare 8595:Falles of the Pyrenees 8453:Albanian iso-polyphony 8367:Thathera utensil craft 8312:Royal Ancestral Ritual 7915:Chinese seal engraving 7900:Chinese block printing 7727:Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah 7042:Yoshida Metal Industry 6906:Medford Knife and Tool 6768:Clauss Cutlery Company 6631:Microtech Jagdkommando 6459:Yarara Parachute Knife 5200:Miniature meriam kecil 4512:Vostochnaya Kollektsia 4359:Azia i Afrika Segodnya 3894:Reid, Anthony (1988). 3716:"Notes on Maguindanao" 3671:"The Meaning of Keris" 2475: 2437:. Today considered as 2379: 2316:, the mighty viceroy ( 2309: 2247: 2166:(Javanese chronicle). 2044: 1976: 1957: 1899:(lit. "possessor") or 1872: 1846: 1822: 1718: 1574: 1485: 1484:Kris-making in Jakarta 1413: 1363: 1344: 1114: 1045:' (1817) study of the 1038: 1014:mat with the image of 979: 933: 891:dialect it is spelled 860: 523:martial art native to 177:Indonesian archipelago 25:KERIS (disambiguation) 9161:Indonesian inventions 8968:Costa Rican oxherding 8852:The Song of the Sibyl 8755:Mystery Play of Elche 8570:Daredevils of Sassoun 7955:Durga Puja in Kolkata 7910:Chinese paper cutting 7670:Vimbuza healing dance 7054:Zero Tolerance Knives 7027:Western Knife Company 6936:Ontario Knife Company 6808:Ek Commando Knife Co. 5756:Armours & shields 5727:Miscellaneous weapons 5691:Pole or spear weapons 5221:Bujang Timpang Berang 5048:Miscellaneous weapons 4986:Pole or spear weapons 4363:Asia and Africa Today 3456:Kamus Pepak Basa Jawa 2504:Riau Islands Province 2469: 2369: 2307: 2298:Further information: 2259:in the 15th century. 2241: 2042: 1967: 1951: 1870: 1844: 1706: 1564: 1483: 1401: 1349: 1334: 1093: 1033:period, exhibited at 1024: 973: 927: 871:it is always spelled 517:commonly used in the 21:Kris (disambiguation) 9181:Weapons of Indonesia 9156:Culture of Indonesia 8857:Suiti Cultural Space 8458:Ashiqs of Azerbaijan 8347:Songkran in Thailand 8252:Oku-noto no Aenokoto 7945:Dragon Boat Festival 7895:Chinese architecture 7770:Taghribat Bani Hilal 6974:SOG Specialty Knives 4480:Gardner, Gerald B., 3387:Pires, Tomé (1990). 3162:Indonesian languages 2610:Yogyakarta Sultanate 2255:and the rise of the 2246:royal regalia, 1907. 1849:The handle or hilt ( 1432:when the rebellious 1231:improve this article 430:Asia and the Pacific 165:Yogyakarta Sultanate 8647:Karagöz and Hacivat 8554:Croatian lacemaking 8150:Manipuri Sankirtana 7905:Chinese calligraphy 7625:Kamablon re-roofing 6946:Randall Made Knives 6798:Dalian Hanwei Metal 6713:Aitor Knife Company 6627:Mark I trench knife 6440:Verlängerungsmesser 6043:Ballpoint pen knife 5523:Kelantanese klewang 5425:Traditional weapons 3522:"The Javanese Kris" 3204:, lit. "to slice"; 3053:Anya Melfissa from 2372:The History of Java 2145:The History of Java 2125:The History of Java 2105:The History of Java 2085:The History of Java 1991:magically enchants 1456:Christian Filipinos 1446:Spanish East Indies 1387:early modern period 1356:The History of Java 1069:in the center, and 705:, kris is known as 662:, and Setan Kober. 454:Representative List 436:Inscription history 340:and decorated with 245:Majapahit civil war 233:Pamalayu expedition 8739:Mediterranean diet 8520:Carnival of Binche 8475:Azerbaijani carpet 8155:Mangal Shobhajatra 7960:Epic of King Gesar 7813:Akiu no Taue Odori 7755:Palestinian hikaye 7226:Knifemakers' Guild 7097:John Nelson Cooper 6758:Chris Reeve Knives 6492:Arkansas toothpick 6266:Pantographic knife 6033:Balisong/Butterfly 5606:) & machetes ( 4865:) & machetes ( 4598:Traditional weapon 4489:2021-05-18 at the 4451:David van Duuren, 4444:David van Duuren, 4281:2011-09-04 at the 4243:, Majapahit Story. 4014:2011-10-11 at the 3798:Ying-yai Sheng-lan 3112:Flame-bladed sword 2630:with kris, one of 2537:, particularly of 2476: 2380: 2310: 2248: 2045: 1977: 1958: 1873: 1847: 1719: 1575: 1486: 1414: 1364: 1324:Javanese tradition 1107:or more precisely 1039: 980: 934: 444:2008 (3rd session) 263:Production history 161:Surakarta Sunanate 129:Karangasem Kingdom 113:Singhasari Kingdom 9133: 9132: 9129: 9128: 9018:Kallawaya culture 8948:Carnaval de Oruro 8905: 8904: 8821:Semeiskie culture 8470:Aubusson tapestry 8435: 8434: 8170:Mibu no Hana Taue 8030:Hitachi Furyumono 7935:Dainichido Bugaku 7783: 7782: 7697: 7696: 7645:Mbende Jerusarema 7532: 7531: 7526: 7525: 7521: 7520: 7464: 7463: 7256: 7255: 7017:Carl Walther GmbH 5784: 5783: 5448: 5447: 5444: 5443: 5440: 5439: 5405: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5243: 5242: 5239: 5238: 5087: 5086: 5083: 5082: 4498:978-974-8304-29-8 4472:978-0-615-38242-5 3985:. Asiapac. 2004. 3907:978-0-300-03921-4 3840:978-90-73187-42-9 3795:Ma Huan (1970) . 3656:978-0-89148-017-4 3534:on 10 August 2014 3370:978-979-1274-66-1 3323:"Keris Indonesia" 3008:competition show 2965: 2947: 2930: 2913: 2896: 2879: 2862: 2830: 2813: 2795: 2793:Mataram Sultanate 2773: 2759: 2745: 2731: 2711: 2678: 2656: 2639: 2628:Prince Diponegoro 2613: 2606:Hamengkubuwono VI 2584:Cotabato Province 2580:Sultanate of Sulu 2535:Malay nationalism 2500:Mataram Sultanate 2382:During a battle, 2257:Malacca Sultanate 2170:Kris Mpu Gandring 1494:(royal court) of 1434:Prince Diponegoro 1423:Dutch East Indies 1404:Dutch East Indies 1380:subclavian artery 1372:Malacca Sultanate 1366:In many parts of 1316:Hikayat Hang Tuah 1307: 1306: 1299: 1281: 899:it is spelled as 485: 484: 361: 360: 193:Also familiar to 191: 157:Mataram Sultanate 149:Malacca Sultanate 16:Indonesian weapon 9198: 9096:Taquile textiles 8993:Garifuna culture 8983:Danza de tijeras 8916: 8915: 8841:Slovácko Verbuňk 8716:Makishi Festival 8632:Houtem Jaarmarkt 8510:Cante Alentejano 8446: 8445: 8140:Longquan celadon 8025:Hayachine Kagura 7950:Drametse Ngacham 7792: 7791: 7788:Asia and Pacific 7715: 7714: 7705: 7620:Ijele Masquerade 7595:Garifuna culture 7578: 7577: 7559: 7552: 7545: 7536: 7535: 7510: 7494: 7485: 7484: 7473: 7472: 7453: 7437: 7421: 7404: 7388: 7372: 7356: 7340: 7324: 7315: 7314: 7307: 7306: 7293: 7283: 7276: 7269: 7260: 7259: 7242: 7241: 7140:William F. Moran 7120:Phill Hartsfield 6911:Microtech Knives 6858:Imperial Schrade 6853:Glock Ges.m.b.H. 6401:Swiss Army knife 5917:Grapefruit knife 5811: 5804: 5797: 5788: 5787: 5708:Flexible weapons 5528:Langgai Tinggang 5493:Weapons of silat 5475: 5468: 5461: 5452: 5451: 5422: 5421: 5411: 5410: 5260: 5259: 5253:Armor and outfit 5249: 5248: 5125: 5124: 5118:Gunpowder weapon 5114: 5113: 5107: 5101: 5095: 5032:Flexible weapons 4729:Piso Sanalenggam 4679:Langgai Tinggang 4605: 4604: 4594: 4593: 4581: 4574: 4567: 4558: 4557: 4476: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4429: 4418: 4412: 4411: 4409: 4408: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4372: 4366: 4355: 4349: 4348: 4347:. 21 April 2020. 4341: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4331: 4316: 4310: 4309: 4307: 4306: 4300:The Jakarta Post 4291: 4285: 4273: 4267: 4262: 4256: 4250: 4244: 4238: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4228: 4212: 4206: 4205: 4203: 4202: 4196:Indonesia Travel 4188: 4182: 4181: 4170: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4160: 4149: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4139: 4124: 4118: 4117: 4112: 4103: 4097: 4096: 4094: 4093: 4082: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4066:on 28 April 2013 4056: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4046: 4031: 4018: 4006: 3997: 3996: 3979: 3973: 3970: 3964: 3963: 3945: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3929:on 8 August 2014 3918: 3912: 3911: 3891: 3880: 3879: 3871: 3865: 3862:Moesson Magazine 3858: 3852: 3851: 3849: 3847: 3824: 3818: 3817: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3752: 3746: 3745: 3739: 3731: 3729: 3727: 3711: 3705: 3704: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3667: 3661: 3660: 3640: 3631: 3630: 3628: 3627: 3613: 3590: 3589: 3575: 3569: 3568: 3550: 3544: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3533: 3526: 3517: 3506: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3492:. Archived from 3490:The Jakarta Post 3481: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3459: 3451: 3445: 3444: 3436: 3430: 3429: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3384: 3375: 3374: 3353: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3319: 3303: 3288: 3277: 3254: 3238: 3222: 3202: 3196:; krama inggil: 3194: 3186: 3179: 3171: 3158: 3106: 3104:Singapore portal 3101: 3100: 3099: 3092: 3087: 3086: 3085: 3078: 3076:Indonesia portal 3073: 3072: 3071: 2974: 2959: 2956: 2942: 2939: 2925: 2922: 2908: 2905: 2891: 2888: 2874: 2871: 2857: 2854: 2839: 2825: 2822: 2807: 2804: 2790: 2787: 2771: 2768: 2757: 2754: 2743: 2740: 2725: 2722: 2690: 2687: 2668: 2665: 2651: 2648: 2625: 2622: 2603: 2600: 2545:Sang Saka Bangsa 2485:Javanese culture 2427:Willem-Alexander 2294:Kris Setan Kober 2253:Majapahit Empire 2228:Kris Taming Sari 2140: 2120: 2100: 2080: 2008:Javanese culture 1954:Javanese culture 1944:Cultural beliefs 1909:Javanese beliefs 1854: 1831: 1825: 1815: 1805: 1792: 1782: 1768: 1762: 1756: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1732: 1726: 1721:The distinctive 1716: 1694: 1683: 1677: 1671: 1646: 1640: 1634: 1628: 1588: 1582: 1552: 1546: 1540: 1412: 1409: 1342: 1331: 1302: 1295: 1291: 1288: 1282: 1280: 1239: 1215: 1207: 1162: 1150: 1083:—a record about 863: 841: 835: 827: 821: 746: 738: 732: 724: 718: 710: 700: 643: 637: 631: 625: 619: 613: 607: 545:Javanese culture 463: 386: 363: 362: 249:Siege of Batavia 229:Battle of Genter 189: 169:Brunei Sultanate 117:Majapahit Empire 69: 63: 57: 50: 41: 40: 39: 30: 29: 9206: 9205: 9201: 9200: 9199: 9197: 9196: 9195: 9186:Weapons of Java 9136: 9135: 9134: 9125: 9031:Maroon Heritage 9023:Mexican cuisine 8958:Círio de Nazaré 8911: 8901: 8627:Horezu ceramics 8535:Christmas Tsars 8487:Azerbaijani tar 8441: 8431: 8382:Vedic chantings 8045:Indonesian kris 7870:Cantonese opera 7860:Boysun District 7779: 7775:Tan-Tan Moussem 7706: 7693: 7600:Afounkaha Gbofe 7569: 7563: 7533: 7528: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7511: 7501: 7495: 7478: 7465: 7460: 7454: 7444: 7438: 7428: 7422: 7412: 7405: 7395: 7389: 7379: 7373: 7363: 7357: 7347: 7341: 7331: 7325: 7308: 7301: 7287: 7257: 7252: 7244:Category:Knives 7230: 7204: 7195:Buster Warenski 7185:Robert Terzuola 7150:Ralph Osterhout 7115:Bill Harsey Jr. 7092:Blackie Collins 7063: 7032:Wilkinson Sword 6699: 6635:Parrying dagger 6622:Liaoning dagger 6468: 6008: 5992:Unagisaki hōchō 5851: 5842: 5833:List of daggers 5824: 5815: 5785: 5780: 5751: 5722: 5703: 5686: 5670: 5643:Parang Chandong 5597: 5552: 5496: 5485: 5479: 5449: 5436: 5416: 5397: 5369: 5316: 5307:Peurise Teumaga 5254: 5235: 5204: 5166: 5119: 5108: 5102: 5096: 5079: 5043: 5027: 4981: 4955: 4926:Parang Chandong 4856: 4758: 4599: 4588: 4585: 4529: 4491:Wayback Machine 4473: 4441: 4439:Further reading 4436: 4427: 4425: 4420: 4419: 4415: 4406: 4404: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4384: 4382: 4374: 4373: 4369: 4356: 4352: 4343: 4342: 4338: 4329: 4327: 4317: 4313: 4304: 4302: 4292: 4288: 4283:Wayback Machine 4274: 4270: 4263: 4259: 4255:, Cursed Sword. 4253:Indonesian Myth 4251: 4247: 4239: 4235: 4226: 4224: 4223:(in Indonesian) 4213: 4209: 4200: 4198: 4190: 4189: 4185: 4172: 4171: 4167: 4158: 4156: 4151: 4150: 4146: 4137: 4135: 4134:(in Indonesian) 4126: 4125: 4121: 4110: 4104: 4100: 4091: 4089: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4069: 4067: 4058: 4057: 4053: 4044: 4042: 4033: 4032: 4021: 4016:Wayback Machine 4007: 4000: 3993: 3981: 3980: 3976: 3971: 3967: 3960: 3946: 3942: 3932: 3930: 3919: 3915: 3908: 3892: 3883: 3872: 3868: 3859: 3855: 3845: 3843: 3841: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3804:Hakluyt Society 3793: 3789: 3778: 3774: 3767: 3753: 3749: 3733: 3732: 3725: 3723: 3712: 3708: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3680: 3678: 3677:(in Indonesian) 3669: 3668: 3664: 3657: 3641: 3634: 3625: 3623: 3615: 3614: 3593: 3576: 3572: 3565: 3551: 3547: 3537: 3535: 3531: 3524: 3518: 3509: 3499: 3497: 3496:on 29 July 2014 3482: 3475: 3467: 3463: 3452: 3448: 3437: 3433: 3426: 3412: 3408: 3401: 3385: 3378: 3371: 3355: 3354: 3341: 3332: 3330: 3329:(in Indonesian) 3321: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3307: 3306: 3177: 3172:; krama inggil 3169: 3159: 3155: 3150: 3102: 3097: 3095: 3090:Malaysia portal 3088: 3083: 3081: 3074: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3006:History Channel 2998:Just So Stories 2993:Rudyard Kipling 2988: 2986:Popular culture 2981: 2975: 2966: 2957: 2948: 2940: 2931: 2923: 2914: 2906: 2897: 2889: 2880: 2872: 2863: 2860:West Kalimantan 2855: 2846: 2840: 2831: 2823: 2814: 2805: 2796: 2788: 2774: 2769: 2760: 2755: 2746: 2741: 2732: 2723: 2712: 2688: 2679: 2673:with his kris, 2666: 2657: 2649: 2640: 2623: 2614: 2601: 2592: 2540:ketuanan Melayu 2464: 2423: 2417: 2415:Kris Diponegoro 2351:) the ruler of 2337:Demak Sultanate 2314:Arya Penangsang 2302: 2296: 2236: 2230: 2184:comes from the 2178: 2172: 2159: 2152: 2141: 2132: 2121: 2112: 2101: 2092: 2081: 1946: 1893: 1865: 1839: 1701: 1591:keris buah beko 1559: 1528: 1478: 1410: 1343: 1340: 1314:is said in the 1303: 1292: 1286: 1283: 1240: 1238: 1228: 1216: 1205: 1166: 1163: 1154: 1151: 1142: 1120:Currently, the 1091:describes that 1080:Yingya Shenglan 1029:(1342 AD) from 961:Mataram Kingdom 922: 917: 887:, while in the 744: 730: 716: 698: 679: 620:), and sheath ( 573:Makassar people 464: 393: 392: 377: 241:Battle of Bubat 192: 173:Malay Peninsula 153:Demak Sultanate 109:Mataram Kingdom 105:In service 100:Service history 71: 37: 36: 35: 33: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9204: 9194: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9176:Ritual weapons 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9131: 9130: 9127: 9126: 9124: 9123: 9121:Záparo culture 9118: 9113: 9111:Wajãpi culture 9108: 9103: 9101:Tumba francesa 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9046:Peña de Bernal 9043: 9038: 9033: 9025: 9020: 9015: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8998:Gióng Festival 8995: 8990: 8985: 8980: 8975: 8970: 8965: 8960: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8925: 8919: 8913: 8907: 8906: 8903: 8902: 8900: 8899: 8894: 8889: 8884: 8882:Wajãpi culture 8879: 8874: 8872:Turkish coffee 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8798: 8796:Opera dei Pupi 8793: 8788: 8783: 8782: 8781: 8778: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8751: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8718: 8713: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8515:Cantu a tenore 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8489: 8484: 8483: 8482: 8472: 8467: 8466: 8465: 8455: 8449: 8443: 8437: 8436: 8433: 8432: 8430: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8394: 8392:Xi'an ensemble 8389: 8384: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8337:Sekishu-Banshi 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8243: 8242: 8237: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8200:Namsadang Nori 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8097: 8092: 8087: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7990:Gióng Festival 7987: 7982: 7977: 7975:Ganggangsullae 7972: 7967: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7805: 7795: 7789: 7785: 7784: 7781: 7780: 7778: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7765:Song of Sana'a 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7729: 7724: 7718: 7712: 7708: 7707: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7640:Mauritian Sega 7637: 7635:Manden Charter 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7581: 7575: 7571: 7570: 7562: 7561: 7554: 7547: 7539: 7530: 7529: 7524: 7523: 7519: 7518: 7504: 7502: 7488: 7483: 7480: 7479: 7470: 7467: 7466: 7462: 7461: 7447: 7445: 7431: 7429: 7415: 7413: 7398: 7396: 7382: 7380: 7366: 7364: 7350: 7348: 7334: 7332: 7318: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7286: 7285: 7278: 7271: 7263: 7254: 7253: 7251: 7250: 7235: 7232: 7231: 7229: 7228: 7223: 7218: 7212: 7210: 7206: 7205: 7203: 7202: 7200:Daniel Winkler 7197: 7192: 7190:Michael Walker 7187: 7182: 7177: 7175:William Scagel 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7105:Ernest Emerson 7102: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7073: 7071: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7050: 7049: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6987:Strider Knives 6984: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6950:Ranz Cuchillos 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6896:Mad Dog Knives 6893: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6871:Kershaw Knives 6868: 6863: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6845: 6844: 6843: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6816:Emerson Knives 6813: 6810: 6805: 6803:Dexter-Russell 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6773:Cobray Company 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6709: 6707: 6701: 6700: 6698: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6567:Hunting dagger 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6522:Bollock dagger 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6478: 6476: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6466: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6416:Throwing knife 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6396:Survival knife 6393: 6388: 6386:Straight razor 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6273: 6268: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6206:Laguiole knife 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6176:Jacob's ladder 6173: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6128:Gerber Mark II 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6019: 6017: 6010: 6009: 6007: 6006: 6005: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5932:Parmesan knife 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5907:Electric knife 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5858: 5856: 5844: 5843: 5841: 5840: 5835: 5829: 5826: 5825: 5814: 5813: 5806: 5799: 5791: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5778: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5759: 5757: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5730: 5728: 5724: 5723: 5721: 5720: 5717: 5711: 5709: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5701: 5698: 5694: 5692: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5684: 5678: 5676: 5675:Impact weapons 5672: 5671: 5669: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5638:Parang Bongkok 5635: 5630: 5625: 5622: 5619: 5613: 5611: 5599: 5598: 5596: 5595: 5592: 5587: 5584: 5579: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5560: 5558: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5512: 5511:Buaya Berenang 5508: 5506: 5498: 5497: 5490: 5487: 5486: 5478: 5477: 5470: 5463: 5455: 5446: 5445: 5442: 5441: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5434: 5428: 5426: 5418: 5417: 5407: 5406: 5403: 5402: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5379: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5326: 5324: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5268: 5266: 5256: 5255: 5245: 5244: 5241: 5240: 5237: 5236: 5234: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5212: 5210: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5176: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5133: 5131: 5121: 5120: 5110: 5109: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5084: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5051: 5049: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5041: 5035: 5033: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4989: 4987: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4963: 4961: 4960:Impact weapons 4957: 4956: 4954: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4872: 4870: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4793: 4792: 4787: 4777: 4772: 4766: 4764: 4760: 4759: 4757: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4615: 4613: 4601: 4600: 4590: 4589: 4584: 4583: 4576: 4569: 4561: 4555: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4528: 4527:External links 4525: 4524: 4523: 4508: 4501: 4477: 4471: 4456: 4449: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4434: 4413: 4392: 4367: 4350: 4336: 4311: 4286: 4268: 4257: 4245: 4233: 4221:Tribunnews.com 4207: 4183: 4180:on 2015-09-04. 4165: 4144: 4119: 4098: 4077: 4051: 4019: 3998: 3992:978-9812293268 3991: 3974: 3965: 3958: 3940: 3913: 3906: 3881: 3866: 3853: 3839: 3819: 3812: 3787: 3772: 3765: 3747: 3706: 3688: 3662: 3655: 3646:A Kawi Lexicon 3632: 3621:ich.unesco.org 3591: 3570: 3563: 3545: 3507: 3473: 3461: 3446: 3431: 3424: 3406: 3399: 3376: 3369: 3339: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3305: 3304: 3152: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3145: 3144: 3138: 3132: 3126: 3120: 3114: 3108: 3107: 3093: 3079: 3063: 3060: 3059: 3058: 3051: 3044: 3033: 3022: 3015: 3011:Forged in Fire 3002: 2987: 2984: 2983: 2982: 2976: 2969: 2967: 2958: 2951: 2949: 2941: 2934: 2932: 2924: 2917: 2915: 2909:Old emblem of 2907: 2900: 2898: 2890: 2883: 2881: 2873: 2866: 2864: 2856: 2849: 2847: 2841: 2834: 2832: 2824: 2817: 2815: 2806: 2799: 2797: 2789: 2782: 2780: 2776: 2775: 2770: 2763: 2761: 2756: 2749: 2747: 2742: 2735: 2733: 2724: 2717: 2714: 2713: 2710:. before 2003. 2689: 2682: 2680: 2667: 2660: 2658: 2650: 2643: 2641: 2624: 2617: 2615: 2602: 2595: 2591: 2588: 2522:1 coin with a 2463: 2460: 2419:Main article: 2416: 2413: 2295: 2292: 2265:Sejarah Melayu 2261:Tun Sri Lanang 2232:Main article: 2229: 2226: 2198:Kediri kingdom 2174:Main article: 2171: 2168: 2158: 2155: 2154: 2153: 2142: 2135: 2133: 2122: 2115: 2113: 2102: 2095: 2093: 2082: 2075: 2073: 1945: 1942: 1892: 1889: 1864: 1861: 1838: 1835: 1766:ladrang cendan 1754:kembang kacang 1700: 1697: 1558: 1555: 1527: 1524: 1477: 1474: 1376:hukuman salang 1338: 1305: 1304: 1219: 1217: 1210: 1204: 1201: 1184:canto XVII, a 1168: 1167: 1164: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1145: 1141: 1138: 1016:white cockatoo 921: 918: 916: 913: 848:Sulu Sultanate 771:it is spelled 751:(subsequently 685:come from the 678: 675: 483: 482: 479:Southeast Asia 456: 455: 452: 446: 445: 442: 438: 437: 433: 432: 427: 423: 422: 417: 413: 412: 409: 405: 404: 399: 395: 394: 387: 379: 378: 371: 368: 367: 359: 358: 355: 345: 344: 327: 320: 319: 306: 299: 298: 297:Specifications 294: 293: 279: 275: 274: 269: 265: 264: 260: 259: 253:Diponegoro War 226: 222: 221: 184: 180: 179: 175:, present day 137:Mengwi Kingdom 125:Badung Kingdom 106: 102: 101: 97: 96: 87: 83: 82: 77: 73: 72: 64:) and sheath ( 51: 43: 42: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9203: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9146:Blade weapons 9144: 9143: 9141: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9076:Samba de Roda 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9044: 9042: 9039: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8929: 8926: 8924: 8921: 8920: 8917: 8914: 8912:Latin America 8910:Caribbean and 8908: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8773: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8756: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8667:Kihnu culture 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8637:Istrian scale 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8571: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8481: 8478: 8477: 8476: 8473: 8471: 8468: 8464: 8461: 8460: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8447: 8444: 8442:North America 8438: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8317:Sada Shin Noh 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8232: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8098: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8040:Hudhud Chants 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7940:Darangen Epic 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7850:Beijing opera 7848: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7835:Bakhshi music 7833: 7830: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7800: 7797: 7796: 7793: 7790: 7786: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7750:Jemaa el-Fnaa 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7737: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7719: 7716: 7713: 7709: 7704: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7590:Chopi timbila 7588: 7586: 7583: 7582: 7579: 7576: 7572: 7567: 7560: 7555: 7553: 7548: 7546: 7541: 7540: 7537: 7516: 7514: 7509: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7493: 7487: 7486: 7481: 7474: 7468: 7459: 7457: 7452: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7436: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7420: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7403: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7387: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7371: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7355: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7339: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7323: 7317: 7316: 7311: 7305: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7284: 7279: 7277: 7272: 7270: 7265: 7264: 7261: 7249: 7245: 7237: 7236: 7233: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7213: 7211: 7207: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7165:A. G. Russell 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101:Jack W. Crain 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7087:Tom Brown Jr. 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7077:Rex Applegate 7075: 7074: 7072: 7070: 7066: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7048: 7045: 7044: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6992:Thiers Issard 6990: 6988: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6926:Murphy Knives 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6842: 6839: 6838: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6718:Al Mar Knives 6716: 6714: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6705:Manufacturers 6702: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6655:Rondel dagger 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6471: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6444:Warrior knife 6442: 6439: 6437: 6436:Utility knife 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6371:Sliding knife 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6261:Palette knife 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6251:Nontron knife 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6221:Marking knife 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6196:Kitchen knife 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6163:Hunting knife 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6153:Hacking knife 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6143:Gravity knife 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6078:Ceramic knife 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6011: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5982:Sashimi bōchō 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5959: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5877:Butcher knife 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5849: 5845: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5830: 5827: 5823: 5819: 5812: 5807: 5805: 5800: 5798: 5793: 5792: 5789: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5754: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5725: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5706: 5699: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5689: 5683: 5680: 5679: 5677: 5673: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657:Parang Jengok 5656: 5654: 5653:Parang Lading 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5605: 5600: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5555: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5513: 5510: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5499: 5495: 5494: 5488: 5483: 5476: 5471: 5469: 5464: 5462: 5457: 5456: 5453: 5433: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5423: 5419: 5412: 5408: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5376: 5372: 5366: 5365:Siping-siping 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5355:Karambalangan 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5327: 5325: 5323: 5319: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5250: 5246: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5216:Anak Makassar 5214: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5152:Java arquebus 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5115: 5111: 5106: 5100: 5094: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5052: 5050: 5046: 5040: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5030: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4998:Bambu runcing 4996: 4994: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4964: 4962: 4958: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4864: 4859: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4765: 4761: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4744:Sikin Panyang 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4616: 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Vol. 3 3721: 3717: 3710: 3702: 3698: 3692: 3676: 3672: 3666: 3658: 3652: 3648: 3647: 3639: 3637: 3622: 3618: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3587: 3586: 3581: 3574: 3566: 3564:9780415788014 3560: 3556: 3549: 3530: 3523: 3516: 3514: 3512: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3480: 3478: 3471: 3465: 3457: 3450: 3442: 3435: 3427: 3425:90-5450-004-2 3421: 3417: 3410: 3402: 3400:81-206-0535-7 3396: 3392: 3391: 3383: 3381: 3372: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3352: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3328: 3324: 3318: 3314: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3287: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3253: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3237: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3221: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3201: 3195: 3193: 3187: 3185: 3175: 3167: 3164:, see: ngoko 3163: 3157: 3153: 3143: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3127: 3124: 3123:Kris of Knaud 3121: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3109: 3105: 3094: 3091: 3080: 3077: 3066: 3056: 3052: 3049: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3031: 3027: 3026:Mortal Kombat 3023: 3020: 3016: 3013: 3012: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2994: 2990: 2989: 2980: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2955: 2950: 2946: 2938: 2933: 2929: 2921: 2916: 2912: 2904: 2899: 2895: 2887: 2882: 2878: 2870: 2865: 2861: 2853: 2848: 2845: 2838: 2833: 2829: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2803: 2798: 2794: 2786: 2781: 2778: 2777: 2767: 2762: 2753: 2748: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2721: 2716: 2715: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2672: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2599: 2594: 2593: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2496: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2481: 2473: 2468: 2459: 2457: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2422: 2412: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2377: 2373: 2368: 2364: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2306: 2301: 2291: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2263:'s book, the 2262: 2258: 2254: 2245: 2240: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2206: 2204: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2177: 2167: 2165: 2150: 2146: 2139: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2119: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2099: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2079: 2074: 2071: 2070: 2069: 2067: 2064:die soon, so 2061: 2057: 2055: 2051: 2041: 2037: 2034: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2004: 2000: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1955: 1950: 1941: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1929: 1924: 1923: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1888: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1869: 1860: 1858: 1853: 1843: 1834: 1830: 1824: 1823:Vorstenlanden 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1798: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1772: 1767: 1761: 1755: 1749: 1743: 1737: 1731: 1725: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1696: 1693: 1687: 1682: 1676: 1670: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1615: 1611: 1606: 1605: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1587: 1581: 1572: 1568: 1563: 1554: 1551: 1545: 1539: 1533: 1523: 1521: 1515: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1504:Mangkunegaran 1501: 1497: 1493: 1492: 1482: 1473: 1471: 1467: 1466: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1452: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1435: 1431: 1426: 1424: 1419: 1405: 1400: 1396: 1394: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1350:Varieties of 1348: 1337: 1333: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1317: 1313: 1301: 1298: 1290: 1279: 1276: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1251: 1248: – 1247: 1243: 1242:Find sources: 1236: 1232: 1226: 1225: 1220:This article 1218: 1214: 1209: 1208: 1200: 1198: 1193: 1192: 1187: 1183: 1182: 1176: 1174: 1161: 1156: 1149: 1144: 1143: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1122:Kris of Knaud 1118: 1113: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1092: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1081: 1075: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1027:Kris of Knaud 1023: 1019: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 988: 985: 977: 972: 968: 966: 962: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 931: 926: 912: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 874: 870: 865: 862: 857: 853: 849: 845: 842:. The larger 840: 834: 833: 826: 820: 819: 813: 809: 804: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 742: 737: 728: 723: 714: 709: 704: 696: 692: 688: 684: 674: 672: 668: 663: 661: 657: 656: 651: 645: 642: 636: 630: 624: 618: 612: 606: 600: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 521: 516: 512: 508: 505:asymmetrical 504: 500: 499: 494: 490: 480: 476: 472: 468: 462: 457: 453: 451: 447: 443: 439: 434: 431: 428: 424: 421: 418: 414: 410: 406: 403: 400: 396: 391: 385: 380: 376: 375: 369: 364: 356: 354: 350: 346: 343: 339: 335: 331: 328: 325: 321: 318: 314: 311: 308:Double edged 307: 304: 300: 295: 291: 287: 283: 280: 276: 273: 270: 266: 261: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 227: 223: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 188: 185: 181: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 145:Sunda Kingdom 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 107: 103: 98: 95: 91: 88: 84: 81: 78: 74: 68: 62: 56: 49: 44: 31: 26: 22: 9071:Rabinal Achí 9028:Moore Town's 8836:Sinjska alka 8831:Silbo Gomero 8761:Nestinarstvo 8753: 8744:Mesir Macunu 8568: 8422:Yūki-tsumugi 8407:Yeondeunghoe 8327:Sand drawing 8257:Pencak silat 8080:Katta Ashula 8044: 7995:Gong culture 7610:Gule Wamkulu 7505: 7489: 7448: 7432: 7424:Pencak silat 7416: 7399: 7383: 7367: 7351: 7335: 7319: 7209:Associations 7135:Bob Loveless 6964:Shun Cutlery 6848:Füritechnics 6763:Chroma Cnife 6611: 6421:Trench knife 6411:Taping knife 6361:Sheath knife 6256:Opinel knife 6172:Ivan's Knife 6113:Diving knife 6088:Combat knife 5972:Nakiri bōchō 5967:Maguro bōchō 5952:Tomato knife 5937:Pizza cutter 5912:Fillet knife 5897:Chef's knife 5892:Cheese knife 5882:Butter knife 5661:Parang Latok 5648:Parang Ginah 5628:Golok Rembau 5573: 5543:Parang Ilang 5491: 5393:Takula tofao 5330:Baju Empurau 5142:Bedil tombak 4936:Parang Taawu 4931:Parang Latok 4901:Golok Rembau 4896:Golok Ciomas 4785:Keris bahari 4779: 4724:Piso Halasan 4714:Parang Nabur 4634:Bara Sangihe 4534: 4511: 4504: 4481: 4461: 4452: 4445: 4426:. 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