1401:, in the chest with a barbed arrow. Abhimanyu, however, quickly felled on the earth his antagonist's steeds and standard and bow and charioteer. The ruler of the Kosalas, then, thus deprived of his car, took up a sword and wished to sever from Abhimanyu's trunk his beautiful head, decked with ear-rings. Abhimanyu then pierced king Vrihadvala, the ruler of the Kosalas, in the chest, with a strong arrow. The latter then, with riven heart, fell down. Beholding this, ten thousand illustrious kings broke and fled. Those kings, armed with swords and bows, fled away, uttering words inimical (to king Duryodhana's Interest). Having slain Vrihadvala thus, the son of Subhadra careered it battle.
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Having set out from the country of the Kurus, they passed through Kuru-janapada and arrived at the charming lake of lotuses. Passing over the hills of
Kalakuta, they then went on crossing the Gandaki, the Sadanira (Karatoya), and the Sarkaravarta and the other rivers taking their rise in the same
1174:, approaching Rituparna, said, āWelcome! What is the occasion of this thy visit?ā And king Bhima asked this without knowing that Rituparna had come to obtain the hand of his daughter. And king Rituparna, saw that there were no other kings or princes. Nor did he hear any talk relating to the
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and seated on thy ancestral throne as the ruler of the entire Earth! They only that are fortunate will behold thy face, like unto the moon emerged from the clouds, after thy coronation bath in water sanctified with Kusa grass and fried paddy and black peas!ā And the intelligent
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reflected a while and at length said, āI have come here to pay my respects to thee.ā And the king Bhima was struck with astonishment, and reflected upon the (probable) cause of
Rituparna's coming, having passed over a hundred yojanas.
1360:, and Kritavarman of Satwata's race,--these ten tigers among men, stood each at the head of an Akshauhini of troops. These and many other kings and princes, mighty car-warriors conversant with policy, obedient to the commands of
1422:. That foremost of rivers came to that region for the sake of those Rishis. Worshipped by all those Munis clad in barks and deer-skins she became known by the name of Manorama, as those Rishis mentally called her.
823:
After defeating the other Kosala kingdom
Sahadeva defeated numerous kings in the Eastern Kosala, indicating that there were many kingdoms, and not one, however collectively known as Eastern Kosalas. (MBh. 2.30)
940:
princesses were all gratified with the presents Pandu made out of the acquisitions of his prowess. And
Ambalika in particular, upon embracing her son of incomparable prowess, became very glad.
739:. This probably was the reason to consider Kasi-Kosala as a single kingdom. For a period of time in the past, Kasi would have been a vassal state of Kosala kingdom. The grandmothers of
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cut off the standard and overthrew the charioteer of
Subhadra's son. The son of Subhadra then upon the overthrow of his charioteer, was filled with wrath and pierced Vrihadvala
643:
This was, probably the kingdom ruled by Kusa, with
Kusavati as its capital. (see MBh 2.14, Mbh 2.21, referred below). They were described as fleeing to the southern country of
1587:
1149:; yon, the river Payasvini running seawards, and yonder are the asylums of the ascetics, furnished with various fruit and roots. This road leadeth to the country of the
963:, Shishupala and the powerful Jarasandha, these and many other great kingsāall Kshatriyas celebrated throughout the worldāhave come, O blessed one (Panchali), for thee.
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and fasting there for three nights one earneth the merit of the
Vajapeya sacrifice, and of the gift of a thousand kine, and also delivereth his race. Arriving at '
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and Kusa, inherited each half of the Kosala kingdom, with
Ayodhya as its capital. Thus, this Kosala split into two parts; one ruled by Lava, with capital at
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and whose renown hath spread over the whole world, sayeth unto thee these words suited to the occasion. Accept thou that message and act according to it.
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Raghava Rama's Kosala (Kosala proper) was already split into two, owing to his two sons attaining kingship after his reign. During the era of
683:
This was, probably the kingdom ruled by Lava with
Sravasti as its capital. (see MBh 2.29 referred below). This kingdom was defeated by the
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It hath been heard by us that once on a time the sage
Kalakavrikshiya came to Kshemadarsin who had ascended the throne of the kingdom of
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The sacrificial horse then, equipped with beautiful manes, proceeded at his will along the sea-coast, repairing to the countries of the
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and the Sannyastapadas, overcome with fear, leaving their dominions in the north, have fled into the southern country. And so all the
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731:, in his military campaign to the east. (MBh 2.29). It seems that this Kosala had its power extended to the neighbouring kingdom of
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ruled by Bhishmaka, probably to the east of it. Sahadeva defeated this kingdom first and moved to the Eastern Kosala. (MBh. 2.30)
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This article is about the kingdom of Kosala (also known as Ayodhya) in Indian epic literature. For the historical kingdom, see
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and the ruler of the territories lying on the banks of the Venwa, as also the Kantarakas and the kings of the eastern
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928:, viz Ambika and Ambalika, were described to be Kosala princesses. They were some times described as princesses from
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993:. And the king of the Salwayana tribe with their brethren and followers; and the southern Panchalas and the eastern
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Route taken by Bhima, Arjuna and Krishna from Kuru kingdom to Magadha kingdom to meet Jarasandha as per Mahabharata
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1246:, and finally this disaster that hath overwhelmed me! Alas, I shall not behold thee return with the princess of
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And Suvala's son Shakuni, and Salya, Jayadratha and the two princes of Avanti named Vinda and Anuvinda, and the
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was one of sixteen most powerful and vast kingdoms and republics of the era, located mainly across the fertile
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1225:. And having taken Batsa-bhumi, he reduced Kevali, and Mrittikavati, and Mohana and Patrana, and Tripura, and
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in the heart of (the country of) Kushamva. Reaching then the hills of Goratha, they saw the city of Magadha.
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were called sometimes as princesses of Kasi and some times as princesses of Kosala, attesting to this fact.
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Behold my plight! The loss of thy kingdom, and then the death of our father, and then the abduction of
932:, Kasi and Kosala being a single kingdom (often denoted as Kasi-Kosalas) during the time of Mahabharata.
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Then came Kritavarman at the head of his troops, and that mighty car-warrior, viz., the ruler of the
1096:, by performing feats excelling in fierceness, defeated the virtuous and mighty king Dirghayaghna of
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surrounded by his brothers, and Sala, and Bhurisravas, and Salya, and Vrihadratha, the ruler of the
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1005:, alarmed at the power of Jarasandha, have left their own kingdom and fled in all directions.
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then vanquished king Srenimat of the country of Kumara, and then Vrihadvala, the king of
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to the south of it, because Vrihadvala sometimes commanded the troops from Kasi also in
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1907:
619:, we find mention of numerous kingdoms with the name, Kosala (as per the references in
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Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated to English by Kisari Mohan Ganguli
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1447:. In those realms Dhananjaya (Arjuna), with his bow Gandiva, vanquished innumerable
759:. This was ruled by Dirghayaghna, during this era. This kingdom was defeated by the
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mountains. They then crossed the delightful Sarayu and saw the country of Eastern
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battled with Vrihadvala. Soon, however, in that encounter, O king, the ruler of
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and went on towards the east. At last those heroes of unfaded glory arrived at
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was from this kingdom. Rama extended his influence up to the island-kingdom of
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kingdom and founded the city of Chandrakanta there. Rama's youngest brother
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founded the city of Lakshmanapura near river Ganges which is now known as
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Endued with great impetus and prowess, king Vrihadvala, the ruler of the
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These many roads lead to the southern country, passing by (the city of)
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and the other by Kusa at Kusavati, believed to be towards the east of
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destroyed the forest of a demon named Madhu and founded the city of
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rates the battle skills of every king who were to take part in the
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King) Jarasandha, have all fled towards the west; so also have the
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Krishna is also described to have married a princess of Kosala -
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and the Rikshavat mountains. This is that mighty mountain called
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inherited parts of this kingdom. Lava ruled from the city called
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The Garden of India. Or, Chapters on Oudh History and affaisš¤
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1157:. Beyond these roads to the south is the southern country.
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Vriahadvala was a Kosala king mentioned as a general under
533:, there was only one Kosala kingdom. It had its capital at
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and other sacrifices, obtained the status of a man-eating
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uttered those and other lamentations in the same strain.
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275:. He had friendly relations with the southern kingdom of
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That best of steeds then proceeded to the realms of the
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have all fled to the country of the Kuntis. So also the
723:. (MBh. 5.277, 5.198). This kingdom was defeated by the
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King Vrihadvala of Kosala, supported Duryodhana in the
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1425:
1356:, and king Jayatsena, and Vrihadvala the ruler of the
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was one of the five main divisions of the kingdom of
1548:- who was the daughter of King Nagnajit of Ayodhya.
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Rituparna, King of Kosala visiting Vidharbha Kingdom
943:
767:, in his military campaign to the east. (MBh 2.29).
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Kosala with Ayodhya as its capital or central Kosala
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Kosala kingdom of Vrihadvala to the south of Ayodhya
1643:
Coins of Kosala Kingdom from the Shivlee Collection
1414:It was on that sacred region, the northern part of
553:state of India. Dasharatha married his eldest wife
1506:possessed of great intelligence, named Vasumanas.
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1186:
818:
806:
791:. This became evident if we follow the passage in
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1196:Sojourning next to the tirtha called Rishabha in
977:The eighteen tribes of the Bhojas, from fear of (
959:...the highly intelligent Vatsaraja, the king of
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560:
1204:, a man should bathe in the tirtha named Kala.
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1043:. It passes through the eastern Kosala kingdom.
537:, identified as the Ayodhya town in Ayodhya in
1232:
2325:
2311:
1668:
1384:Abhimanyu slays Vrihadvala the king of Kosala
1009:The trip from Kuru kingdom to Magadha kingdom
771:Kingdoms that sprang from the southern Kosala
549:came into prominence. It was situated in the
1207:
1075:
827:
775:The native kingdom of Raghava Rama's mother
525:Kosala proper and Dakshina (southern) Kosala
1307:Kosala king supported Duryodhana in the war
1229:,--and compelled all these to pay tribute.
866:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
755:This was the original Kosala ruled by king
437:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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2304:
1675:
1661:
795:, describing the military campaign of the
298:, the native kingdom of Bharata's mother,
116:
1533:, though dignified by the performance of
1052:. Passing over that country they went to
886:Learn how and when to remove this message
457:Learn how and when to remove this message
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
1267:That descendant of Raghu, who ruleth at
1012:
897:
703:Gold carving depiction of the legendary
698:
691:, in his military campaign to the east.
529:During the period of the forefathers of
488:
468:
111:unknown (?~1200 BCE)āunknown (?~500 BCE)
50:This article includes a list of general
627:Kingdoms that sprang from Kosala proper
14:
2718:
2579:Cities and towns in Shravasti district
2569:Cities and towns in Balrampur district
1541:, through the curse of a great Rishi.
1405:Connection with Saraswati civilization
910:The mothers of Dhritarashtra and Pandu
587:
322:which later became the capital of the
255:. A colony of Kosala kings existed in
122:Kosala and other kingdoms of the late
2564:Cities and towns in Bahraich district
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1683:Tribes and kingdoms mentioned in the
1656:
1616:
1217:Having conquered the eastern quarter
954:Kosala king was present in this event
1610:
968:The impact of Magadha king on Kosala
864:adding citations to reliable sources
831:
541:state of India. During the reign of
504:
435:adding citations to reliable sources
402:
36:
1426:Arjuna's post-war military campaign
1092:. Then the foremost of the sons of
1027:The following was a route taken by
936:Then Satyavati and Bhishma and the
24:
2574:Cities and towns in Gonda district
1348:, and Sudakshina the ruler of the
1132:Conversation of Nala and Damayanti
678:
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
2767:
1648:
1153:āand that, to the country of the
985:, the Bhadrakas, the Vodhas, the
944:The self-choice event of Panchali
675:was through this Eastern Kosala.
638:
635:it was split into five kingdoms.
1598:Kosala conquest of Kashi kingdom
1510:Mahabharata, Book 12, Chapter 81
1498:Mahabharata, Book 12, Chapter 67
1484:Mahabharata, Book 12, Chapter 18
1455:Mahabharata, Book 14, Chapter 83
1431:Mahabharata, Book 14, Chapter 82
1352:and Srutayudha the ruler of the
1312:Mahabharata, Book 5, Chapter 198
1284:Mahabharata, Book 5, Chapter 277
1263:Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 282
1238:Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 277
1213:Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 252
949:Mahabharata, Book 1, Chapter 188
915:Mahabharata, Book 1, Chapter 114
836:
407:
290:kingdom and founded the city of
231:was its capital, now located in
41:
1623:. London: W. H. Allen. p.
1593:Kosala conquest of Gana-Sanghas
1522:Mahabharata, Book 13, Chapter 6
1479:Other references in Mahabharata
1410:Mahabharata, Book 9, Chapter 38
1389:Mahabharata, Book 7, Chapter 45
1368:Mahabharata, Book 6, Chapter 45
1340:Mahabharata, Book 6, Chapter 16
1192:Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 85
1187:Sacred places in Kosala kingdom
1166:Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 73
1137:Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 61
1113:Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 30
1081:Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 29
1060:, the three heroes crossed the
1056:and then crossing the Mala and
1022:Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 21
973:Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 14
819:Eastern Kosala in central India
807:Western Kosala in central India
399:Kosala Kingdom through the ages
344:another ruler of Kosala during
2609:People from Shravasti district
2584:Villages in Balrampur district
1221:then presented himself before
811:This kingdom was close to the
251:and Kusa from the city called
13:
1:
2726:Kingdoms of the Ikshwaku clan
1617:Irwin, Henry Crossly (1880).
1603:
1104:and also the king of Mallas.
561:Kosala proper splits into two
1489:Mention of a Janaka king of
1108:Sahadeva's military campaign
363:An 1880 reference described
7:
1551:
1233:Ramayana inside Mahabharata
787:into two during the era of
10:
2772:
2589:Villages in Gonda district
603:is the window to this era.
591:
520:is the window to this era.
508:
29:
2736:Historical Indian regions
2617:
2556:
2525:
2509:
2483:
2447:
2416:
2355:
2334:
1693:
1558:Kingdoms of Ancient India
1493:, with a wife from Kosala
1451:armies one after another
1208:Karna's military campaign
1076:Bhima's military campaign
828:References in Mahabharata
655:. The route was taken by
294:. Gandhara lied close to
208:
198:
188:
184:
170:
160:
150:
140:
130:
115:
110:
103:
2756:History of Uttar Pradesh
2751:Regions of Uttar Pradesh
2731:Kingdoms in the Ramayana
2526:Lok Sabha constituencies
302:. Rama's second brother
781:Dakshina Kosala kingdom
340:was a ruler of Kosala.
71:more precise citations.
1018:
965:
906:
712:
545:, the father of Rama,
501:
486:
352:war and was killed by
200:ā¢ Disestablished
2599:People from Balrampur
1279:, the ruler of Kosala
1016:
957:
901:
702:
492:
472:
27:Ancient Hindu Kingdom
2594:People from Bahraich
1502:There was a king of
1475:, and the Tanganas.
860:improve this section
479:Indo-Gangetic plains
431:improve this section
379:districts including
194:unknown (?~1200 BCE)
2448:Rivers, dams, lakes
1639:Ramayana of Valmiki
1588:GandhÄraāAvanti War
611:, and the reign of
607:During the time of
588:Era of Dvapara Yuga
557:from this kingdom.
310:. He colonized the
204:unknown (?~500 BCE)
190:ā¢ Established
2356:Mythology, history
2327:Devipatan division
1583:MagadhaāKosala War
1372:The mighty bowman
1019:
907:
713:
576:, to the north of
502:
493:Places Related to
487:
219:is the kingdom of
2713:
2712:
2604:People from Gonda
2484:Languages, people
2408:Jaunpur Sultanate
2347:Suhelva Sanctuary
2293:
2292:
1393:The ruler of the
1170:The ruler of the
902:India during the
896:
895:
888:
709:Ajmer Jain temple
505:Era of Treta Yuga
467:
466:
459:
223:mentioned in the
212:
211:
105:Kingdom of Kosala
97:
96:
89:
16:(Redirected from
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1614:
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884:
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813:Vidarbha Kingdom
779:, considered as
599:The Indian epic
516:The Indian epic
462:
455:
451:
448:
442:
411:
403:
324:Surasena Kingdom
286:, colonized the
271:situated in the
263:. Rama's mother
259:. It was called
120:
101:
100:
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85:
81:
78:
72:
67:this article by
58:inline citations
45:
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21:
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2618:Other Divisions
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2475:Chittaura Jheel
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1833:Haihaya kingdom
1773:Dakshina Kosala
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539:Uttar Pradesh
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483:Ancient India
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416:This section
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365:Uttara Kosala
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237:Uttar Pradesh
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2378:Sambhavanath
2362:
2245:Uttara Madra
2110:Pratyagratha
2105:Pragjyotisha
1939:
1823:Gopa Rashtra
1684:
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1058:Charamanvati
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994:
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960:
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937:
935:
930:Kasi kingdom
919:
918:
882:
873:
858:Please help
846:
822:
810:
784:
774:
757:Raghava Rama
754:
714:
682:
669:Kuru Kingdom
642:
630:
606:
598:
597:
594:Dvapara Yuga
566:Raghava Rama
564:
531:Raghava Rama
528:
515:
514:
475:Mahajanapada
453:
444:
429:Please help
417:
364:
362:
346:Dvapara Yuga
341:
337:
328:
281:
273:Indian Ocean
214:
213:
124:Vedic period
98:
83:
74:
55:
2240:Uttara Kuru
1980:Maha Chinas
1778:Dakshinatya
1686:Mahabharata
1563:Pachhimrath
1223:Batsa-bhumi
904:Mahabharata
793:Mahabharata
621:Mahabharata
601:Mahabharata
350:Mahabharata
69:introducing
2720:Categories
2700:Saharanpur
2655:Chitrakoot
2538:Kaiserganj
2491:Hindustani
2403:Angulimala
2210:Tamraparni
2155:Saurashtra
2085:Parvartaka
1930:Kishkindha
1908:Kimpurusha
1604:References
1535:Ashwamedha
1443:, and the
1362:Duryodhana
1330:Duryodhana
1277:Brihadbala
1176:Swayamvara
717:Duryodhana
653:Jarasandha
592:See also:
543:Dasharatha
511:Treta Yuga
509:See also:
342:Brihadbala
336:'s friend
292:Takshasila
277:Kishkindha
175:Bronze Age
151:Government
52:references
2695:Prayagraj
2690:Moradabad
2660:Gorakhpur
2543:Shrawasti
2510:Transport
2439:Balrampur
2434:Shravasti
2417:Districts
2383:Aciravati
2368:Shravasti
2260:Vatadhana
2200:Surparaka
2150:Saraswata
2115:Prasthala
1828:Hara Huna
1573:Purabrath
1546:Nagnajiti
1449:Mlechecha
1399:Abhimanyu
1374:Abhimanyu
1326:Trigartas
1257:Lakshmana
1172:Vidarbhas
1151:Vidarbhas
1039:to reach
1003:Panchalas
983:Surasenas
847:does not
719:, in the
574:Shravasti
568:'s son's
418:does not
393:Gorakhpur
354:Abhimanyu
338:Rituparna
316:Satrughna
304:Lakshmana
253:Kushavati
249:Shravasti
141:Religion
2705:Varanasi
2685:Mirzapur
2645:Bareilly
2640:Azamgarh
2557:See also
2533:Bahraich
2460:Ghaghara
2429:Bahraich
2398:Pasenadi
2373:Jetavana
2285:Yaudheya
2275:Vidarbha
2220:Trigarta
2205:Surasena
2100:Pishacha
2080:Parasika
2060:Panchala
2045:Nishadas
2010:Mekhalas
2000:Manipura
1858:Kalakuta
1838:Himalaya
1808:GandhÄra
1798:Dasherka
1793:Dasharna
1568:Silliana
1552:See also
1539:Rakshasa
1354:Kalingas
1350:Kamvojas
1118:Sahadeva
1064:and the
801:Sahadeva
799:general
785:at least
777:Kausalya
763:general
745:Pandavas
741:Kauravas
727:general
687:general
617:Kauravas
613:Pandavas
555:Kausalya
518:Ramayana
381:Bahraich
330:Nishadha
288:Gandhara
265:Kausalya
225:Ramayana
179:Iron Age
162:Maharaja
155:Monarchy
77:May 2013
2675:Lucknow
2635:Ayodhya
2630:Aligarh
2393:Visakha
2335:General
2230:Tushara
2215:Tangana
2175:Sinhala
2160:Sauvira
2140:Salveya
2125:Pulinda
2095:Paurava
2090:Parvata
2055:Pallava
2040:Niharas
2030:Nasikya
2025:Mushika
2020:Mudgala
2015:Mleccha
1985:Mahisha
1975:Magadha
1970:Madraka
1945:Kuninda
1935:Konkana
1923:Kingdom
1913:Kinnara
1878:Karusha
1873:Karnata
1868:Kamboja
1863:Kalinga
1853:Kasmira
1818:Gomanta
1803:Dwaraka
1788:Dasarna
1748:BhÄrata
1743:Bahlika
1527:Saudasa
1473:Kiratas
1469:Kosalas
1445:Kosalas
1441:Pundras
1397:struck
1358:Kosalas
1334:Kosalas
1301:Kosalas
1290:Bhishma
1155:Kosalas
1147:Vindhya
1126:Kosalas
1102:Kosalas
1098:Ayodhya
1070:Magadha
1054:Mithila
1029:Krishna
999:Matsyas
995:Kosalas
979:Magadha
868:removed
853:sources
797:Pandava
761:Pandava
725:Pandava
707:at the
705:Ayodhya
685:Pandava
665:Krishna
649:Magadha
647:due to
582:Ayodhya
578:Ayodhya
535:Ayodhya
439:removed
424:sources
377:Ghaghra
320:Mathura
308:Lucknow
300:Kaikeyi
284:Bharata
233:Ayodhya
229:Ayodhya
135:Ayodhya
131:Capital
65:improve
2741:Kosala
2680:Meerut
2670:Kanpur
2665:Jhansi
2517:NH 28C
2470:Sarayu
2455:Ganges
2329:topics
2280:Yavana
2270:Videha
2250:Utkala
2185:Sonita
2170:Sindhu
2165:Shakya
2120:Pundra
2070:Parada
2065:Pandya
2005:Matsya
1995:Malava
1990:Malla
1940:Kosala
1918:Kirata
1903:Kikata
1893:Kerala
1888:Kekeya
1848:Kanchi
1768:Chinas
1733:Avanti
1728:Asmaka
1723:Assaka
1708:Anarta
1703:Andhra
1698:Abhira
1531:Kosala
1516:Kosala
1504:Kosala
1491:Videha
1471:, the
1467:, the
1463:, the
1439:, the
1437:Bangas
1416:Kosala
1395:Kosala
1378:Kosala
1269:Kosala
1252:Kosala
1248:Videha
1227:Kosala
1202:Kosala
1198:Kosala
1180:Kosala
1143:Avanti
1122:Kosala
1090:Kosala
1062:Ganges
1050:Kosala
1033:Arjuna
991:Kuntis
987:Salwas
961:Kosala
938:Kosala
783:split
661:Arjuna
645:Kuntis
499:Kosala
358:Arjuna
216:Kosala
166:
54:, but
32:Kosala
2746:Awadh
2650:Basti
2548:Gonda
2465:Rapti
2424:Gonda
2342:Awadh
2265:Vatsa
2255:Vanga
2195:Suhma
2190:Sudra
2145:Salwa
2135:Salva
1965:Madra
1960:Lanka
1950:Kunti
1898:Khasa
1883:Kashi
1813:Garga
1783:Danda
1763:Chola
1758:Chera
1753:Chedi
1718:Anupa
1578:Arbar
1465:Angas
1461:Kasis
1219:Karna
1094:Pandu
1086:Bhima
1037:Bhima
926:Pandu
765:Bhima
729:Bhima
689:Bhima
667:from
657:Bhima
651:king
389:Basti
385:Gonda
373:Awadh
332:king
312:Vanga
269:Lanka
245:Kusha
2625:Agra
2501:Urdu
2235:Ursa
2225:Tulu
2180:Sivi
2130:Saka
2050:Odra
2035:Nepa
1955:Kuru
1843:Huna
1713:Anga
1244:Sita
1066:Sone
1035:and
924:and
851:any
849:cite
743:and
733:Kasi
663:and
615:and
570:Lava
497:and
495:Rama
422:any
420:cite
391:and
369:Rama
334:Nala
243:and
241:Lava
221:Rama
1625:106
1250:to
862:by
671:to
623:).
433:by
2722::
1738:Ay
1518:.
1336:.
1128:.
1031:,
659:,
584:.
395:.
387:,
383:,
360:.
326:.
279:.
235:,
227:.
177:,
2319:e
2312:t
2305:v
1676:e
1669:t
1662:v
1627:.
889:)
883:(
878:)
874:(
870:.
856:.
711:.
485:.
460:)
454:(
449:)
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441:.
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