List of Scottish monarchs

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ascended in middle age at 53 in 1390, and suffered lasting damage in a horse-riding accident. These two were followed by a series of regencies, caused by the youth of the succeeding five boy kings. Consequently, the Stewart era saw periods of royal inertia, during which the nobles usurped power from the crown, followed by periods of personal rule by the monarch, during which he or she would attempt to address the issues created by their minority and the long-term effects of previous reigns. Governing Scotland became increasingly difficult, as the powerful nobility became increasingly intractable. James I's attempts to curb the disorder of the realm ended in his assassination. James III was killed in a civil war between himself and the nobility, led by his son. When James IV, who had governed sternly and suppressed the aristocrats, died in the Battle of Flodden, his wife Margaret Tudor, who had been nominated regent for their young son James V, was unseated by noble feuding, and James V's wife, Mary of Guise, succeeded in ruling Scotland during the regency for her young daughter Mary I only by dividing and conquering the noble factions, distributing French bribes with a liberal hand. Finally, Mary I, the daughter of James V, found herself unable to govern Scotland faced with the surliness of the aristocracy and the intransigence of the population, who favored Calvinism and disapproved of her Catholicism. She was forced to abdicate, and fled to England, where she was imprisoned in various castles and manor houses for eighteen years and finally executed for treason against the English queen Elizabeth I. Upon her abdication, her son, fathered by

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revealed and contained in the New and Old Testament; and according to the same Word shall maintain the true Religion of Christ Jesus, the preaching of his Holy Word, and the due and right Ministration of the Sacraments, now received and preached within the Realm of Scotland; and shall abolish and gainstand all false Religion contrary to the same, and shall rule the People committed to our Charge, according to the Will and Command of God, revealed in his aforesaid Word, and according to the laudable Laws and Constitutions received in this Realm, no ways repugnant to the said Word of the Eternal God; and shall procure, to the utmost of our power, to the Kirk of God, and whole Christian People, true and perfect Peace in all time coming. That we shall preserve and keep inviolated the Rights and Rents, with all just Privileges of the Crown of Scotland, neither shall we transfer nor alienate the same; that we shall forbid and repress in all Estates and Degrees, Reif, Oppression and all kind of Wrong. And we shall command and procure, that Justice and Equity in all Judgments be kept to all Persons without exception, us the Lord and Father of all Mercies shall be merciful to us. And we shall be careful to root out all Heretics and Enemies to the true Worship of God, that shall be convicted by the true Kirk of God, of the aforesaid Crimes, out of our Lands and Empire of Scotland. And we faithfully affirm the Things above-written by our solemn Oath.

1974: 3614: 315: 267: 2598: 3015: 2884: 56: 291: 279: 1890: 303: 3608: 2818: 2966:, daughter of James VII. Anne had multiple children but none of these survived her, leaving as her heir her half-brother, James, then living in exile in France. The English favored the Protestant Sophia of Hanover (a granddaughter of James VI) as heir. Many Scots preferred Prince James, who as a Stuart was a Scot by ancestry, and threatened to break the Union of Crowns between England and Scotland by choosing him for themselves. To preserve the union, the English elaborated a plan whereby the two Kingdoms of Scotland and England would merge into a single Kingdom, the 3263: 2666: 2429: 2318: 253: 1718: 3187: 1836:. Shortly after in 1306, Robert was crowned King of Scots at Scone. Robert Bruce was then hunted down for his crime of murder, and subsequently, he escaped to the outskirt islands, leaving the country completely leaderless, and the English invaded once again. Bruce returned a year later and gained support for his cause. His energy, and the corresponding replacement of the vigorous Edward I with his weaker son Edward II in 1307, allowed Scotland to free itself from English rule. At the 2373: 3373:

Scotland were ended by their merging as the Kingdom of Great Britain. In 1715, a year after the death of his half-sister, Queen Anne, and the accession of their cousin George of Hanover, James landed in Scotland and attempted to claim the throne. He failed and was forced to flee back to the Continent. A second attempt by his son Charles, on behalf of his father, in 1745–6, also failed. Both James's children died without legitimate issue, bringing the Stuart family to an end.

3068: 3134: 2483: 2541: 4045: 2222: 2101: 2754: 74: 3548:, now received and practised within this Realm; and shall abolish and oppose all false Religion contrary to the same; and shall rule the People committed to my Charge, according to the Will and Command of God, revealed in his foresaid Word, and according to the lovable Laws and Constitutions received in this Realm, in no way repugnant to the said Word of the Eternal, my God; and shall procure to my utmost to the 2970:, ruled by a common monarch, and with a single Parliament. Both national parliaments agreed to this (the Scots albeit reluctantly, motivated primarily by the national finances), and some subterfuge as a total majority of signatories were needed to ratify the Scottish parliament's assent, bribes, and payments. Thereafter, although monarchs continued to rule over the nation of Scotland, they did so first as 1845:, son of King John, who managed to get himself crowned (1332–1356) and to give away Scotland's southern counties to England before being driven out again. David spent much of his life in exile, first in freedom with his ally, France, and then in prison in England. He was only able to return to Scotland in 1357. Upon his death, childless, in 1371, the House of Bruce came to an end. 1084:

Malcolm III's sons from Scotland. A civil war in the family ensued, with Donald III and Malcolm III's son Edmund opposed by Malcolm III's English-backed sons, led first by Duncan II and then by Edgar. Edgar triumphed, sending his uncle and brother to monasteries. After the reign of David I, the Scottish throne was passed according to rules of

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David returned from exile in 1341 to rule in his own right, Edward lost most of his support. When David II was captured in battle in 1346, Edward made one last attempt to seize the throne for himself but had little support and the campaign fizzled before it gained much traction. In 1356 he renounced all claims to the throne.

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of God and whole Christian people true and perfect Peace in all times coming; the Rights and Rents, with all just privileges of the Crown of Scotland, I shall preserve and keep inviolate, neither shall I transfer nor alienate the same; I shall forbid and repress in all Estates and all Degrees theft,

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succeeded to the English throne. Although described as a Union of Crowns, before the Acts of Union of 1707, the crowns of the two separate kingdoms had rested on the same head. Three unsuccessful attempts (in 1606, 1667, and 1689) were made to unite the two kingdoms by Acts of Parliament, but it was

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Robert the Stewart was a grandson of Robert I by the latter's daughter, Marjorie. Having been born in 1316, he was older than his uncle, David II. Consequently, he was at his accession a middle-aged man, already 55, and unable to reign vigorously, a problem also faced by his son Robert III, who also

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In a series of battles between 1057 and 1058, Duncan's son Malcolm III defeated and killed Macbeth and Macbeth's stepson and heir Lulach, claiming the throne. The dynastic feuds did not end there: on Malcolm III's death in battle, his brother Donald III, known as "Bán", claimed the throne, expelling

1534:

longer refer to the "king whosoever he may be", indicating that the throne may have been regarded as already occupied by Margaret. In modern historiography she is nearly unanimously called "queen", and reference books give 19 March 1286, the date of Alexander III's death, as the start of her reign.

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in Gaelic orthography; Eadwulf would perhaps be Idulb, hence that form is also used sometimes. The name never came into wider use in the Scottish world, or the Gaelic world more generally, and has no modern form. The name "Indulf" is a spelling produced by later medieval French influence; Hudson,

2057:

in 1332. He was quickly defeated by loyalist forces and sent back to England. With English support, he would mount two more attempts to seize the throne again, in 1333 and 1335, each time his actual control of the throne was brief before being sent back to England, for the last time in 1336. When

1533:

The status of Margaret, as a Scottish monarch is debated by historians. She was never crowned, and her contemporaries in Scotland described her as "queen" very rarely, referring to her instead as Scotland's "lady", "heir", or "lady and heir". On the other hand, documents issued from late 1286 no

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Macbeth came to power in 1040 after killing Duncan I in battle and had a long and relatively successful reign. Macbeth was a cousin of Duncan and was a maternal grandson of Malcolm II. In a series of battles between 1057 and 1058, Duncan's son Malcolm III defeated and killed Macbeth and Macbeth's

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WE William and Mary, King and Queen of Scotland, faithfully promise and swear, by this our solemn Oath, in presence of the Eternal God, that during the whole Course of our Life we will serve the same Eternal God, to the uttermost of our Power, according as he has required in his most Holy Word,

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James VII continued to claim the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland. When he died in 1701, his son James inherited his father's claims and called himself James VIII of Scotland and III of England and Ireland. He would continue to do so all his life, even after the Kingdoms of England and

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to arbitrate the claims. He did so but forced the Scots to swear allegiance to him as overlord. Eventually, it was decided that John Balliol should become king. He proved weak and incapable and, in 1296, was forced to abdicate by Edward I who then attempted to annex Scotland into the Kingdom of

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Oppression and all kind of Wrong; in all Judgements, I shall command and procure that Justice and Equity be kept to all creatures without exception, as he be merciful to me and you that is the Lord and Father of all Mercies; and out of all my lands and empire I shall be careful to root out all

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was appointed Governor of Scotland. James II himself became James VII in 1685. His Catholicism was not tolerated, and he was driven out of England after three years. In his place came his daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange, the ruler of the Dutch Republic. The two were accepted as

2169:, James's son, found himself faced with the Civil War. The resultant conflict lasted eight years and ended in his execution. The English Parliament then decreed their monarchy to be at an end. The Scots Parliament, after some deliberation, broke their links with England and declared that 3539:

I, N.N., promise faithfully, in the presence of the eternal, my God, that I, enduring the whole Course of my Life, shall serve the same Eternal, my God, to the utmost of my Power, accordingly as he required in his most Holy Word, revealed and contained in the New and

1840:

in 1314, the Scots routed the English, and by 1328 the English had agreed by treaty to accept Scottish independence. Robert's son, David, acceded to the throne as a child. The English renewed their war with Scotland, and David was forced to flee the kingdom by

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from the other. Malcolm II was the last king of the House of Alpin; in his reign, he successfully crushed all opposition to him and, having no sons, was able to pass the crown to his daughter's son, Duncan I, who inaugurated the House of Dunkeld.

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Duncan succeeded to the throne as the maternal grandson of Malcolm II. The House of Dunkeld was therefore closely related to the House of Alpin. Duncan was killed in battle by Macbeth, another maternal grandson of Malcolm II.

361:, an entirely modern concept. The descendants of Kenneth MacAlpin were divided into two branches; the crown would alternate between the two, the death of a king from one branch often hastened by war or assassination by a 2164:

James VI became King of England and Ireland as James I in 1603 when his cousin Elizabeth I died. Thereafter, although the two crowns of England and Scotland remained separate, the monarchy was based chiefly in England.

2053:, France. During the minority of David II, Edward Balliol seized the opportunity to assert his claim to the throne, and backed by the English, he defeated the forces of David's regency and was himself crowned king at 5957: 4164:

that was conquered in the 11th century, becoming part of the new Kingdom of Scotland). However, in reality, the distinction is a product of later medieval myth and confusion resulting from a change in nomenclature:

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not until the early 18th century that the idea had the will of both political establishments to succeed, thereby bringing the two separate states together under a single parliament as well as a single monarch.

851:¤Amlaíb is known only by a reference to his death in 977, which reports him as King of Alba; since Kenneth II is known to have still been King in 972–973, Amlaíb must have taken power between 973 and 977. 848:*Eochiad was a son of Run, King of Strathclyde, but his mother was a daughter of Kenneth I. Evidence of his reign is unclear. He may have never actually been king and if he was, he was co-king with Giric. 1088:, moving from father to son, or where not possible, brother to brother. Alexander III was the last ruler from the house of Dunkeld, and having no sons, the throne was inherited by his granddaughter 9078: 3557:

and Enemies to the true Worship of God, that shall be convicted by the true Kirk of God of the foresaid Crimes; and these Things above-written I faithfully affirm by my solemn Oath.

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Properly speaking, Coinneach should actually be Cionaodh, since Coinneach is historically a separate name. However, in the modern language, both names have converged.

2950:, the Stuarts became Kings of Scotland once more but Scotland's rights were not respected. During the reign of Charles II, the Scottish Parliament was dissolved and 1629:, a young child, who inherited the throne in 1286. A set of guardians were appointed to rule Scotland in her absence since she was living in Norway where her father 219:

became the last monarch of the ancient kingdoms of Scotland and England and the first of Great Britain, although the kingdoms had shared a monarch since 1603 (see

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was king. She was finally sent to Scotland in 1290 but died before arriving in Scotland. The next king of Scots was not determined until completion of an

1772: 3496: 3470: 1614: 1523: 3483: 3478: 3474: 3448: 1820:(the grandson of the 1292 competitor, Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale who in turn was the grandson of David of Huntingdon, younger brother of 3485: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3463: 9235: 6593: 3454: 3451: 3334:, agreed on 22 July 1706, following prolonged negotiation between Queen Anne's Commissioners representing both parliaments. The Acts joined the 8783: 3956: 3490: 3476: 3471: 3464: 3460: 3457: 3455: 174:) was the founder and first King of the Kingdom of Scotland (although he never held the title historically, being King of the Picts instead). 7377: 4073: 3492: 1625:

The First Interregnum began upon the death of Alexander III of Scotland in 1286. Alexander's only surviving descendant was his granddaughter

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The death of Margaret of Norway began a two-year interregnum in Scotland caused by a succession crisis. With her death, the descent of

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inherited the throne in 1286, but died in 1290 in Orkney on her way to be crowned. During her absence, Scotland was ruled by a set of

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This name was probably only originally applied to Mael Coluim IV, Mael Coluim III's grandson, and then later confused; see Duncan,

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invaded Scotland. The second set of guardians were appointed under Edward I who ruled from 1296 to 1306, until the election of

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This article is about Scottish monarchs until 1707. For British monarchs since the Union of Scotland and England in 1707, see

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monarchs of Scotland after a period of deliberation by the Scottish Parliament and ruled together as William II and Mary II.

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of the Norse name Hildufr (or perhaps English Eadulf); it occurs in various contemporary Gaelic forms, such as

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stepson and heir Lulach and became the king, thereby passing the throne back to the House of Dunkeld.

590: 340: 258: 178: 1065: 228: 9095: 9090: 8772: 8255: 7631: 7272: 7067: 7012: 6444: 6384: 5901: 4991:, p. 17, note 1. Cenn Mór certainly means "great chief" rather than "big head", as sometimes thought. 4116: 2832: 1459: 981: 9026: 9006: 8941: 8855: 8788: 8746: 8706: 8661: 8526: 8428: 8394: 8225: 8025: 7974: 7869: 7829: 7786: 7073: 7062: 6768: 6624: 6616: 6449: 6439: 6248: 3871: 3639: 3343: 3309: 3250: 3014: 2971: 2967: 2883: 2054: 1626: 1620: 1555: 1519: 1410: 1158: 1089: 244: 232: 212: 60: 31: 6233: 6213: 5363: 9001: 8616: 8399: 8312: 8302: 8183: 8128: 7849: 7594: 7447: 7042: 7037: 7022: 6997: 6419: 6414: 6394: 6369: 4156:

Historically, the Kingdom of Scotland is thought to have grown out of an earlier "Kingdom of the

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For ten years, Scotland had no king. The Scots, however, refused to tolerate English rule. First

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Chronicles of the Picts, Chronicles of the Scots and other Early Memorials of Scottish History

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Guardian of Scotland § Guardians of Scotland during the Second Interregnum 1296–1306

1731: 1668: 1475: 1299: 1289: 220: 204: 161: 5001: 3262: 2173:, son, and heir of Charles I, would become King. He ruled until 1651 when the armies of 1615:

Guardian of Scotland § Guardians of Scotland during the First Interregnum 1286–1292

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Former probable because later English (speaking) sources called him "Grim"; Old Irish

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had come to refer to the Kingdom of the Picts rather than Britain (its older meaning).

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was approved by the Parliament of Scotland on 18 April 1689. The oath was as follows:

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This nickname however is not attested for another three centuries, in the work of

1717: 9164: 8988: 8968: 8586: 8470: 7804: 7799: 7566: 7551: 7199: 6944: 6774: 6726: 6716: 6710: 6318: 6113: 5813: 5231: 4720: 4192: 4049: 3735: 3407:", brother of Charles III and youngest son of James VIII. Died unmarried in 1807. 3331: 2786: 2766: 2639: 2490: 2456: 2346: 2174: 2143: 1915: 1809: 1514: 186: 182: 6009: 5700: 5310: 4642: 4445: 8973: 7794: 7696: 7541: 7297: 7184: 7141: 7095: 6880: 6523: 6068: 5885:

Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain. From the Picts to Alexander III.

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5 children, none of whom survived childhood; 12 miscarriages and still-births

3186: 9179: 8992: 8756: 8696: 8665: 8541: 7922: 7809: 7516: 6078: 5671: 5541: 4624: 4566:; Ildulb is used by some historians because it correctly represents the name 4562: 4553: 4110: 3811: 3541: 2959: 2790: 2626: 2229: 2131:

Son of John Balliol, candidate of the English to replace the exiled David II

2022: 1085: 157: 5515: 5437: 5385: 5336: 5284: 4836: 4681: 2049:. Following his abdication, John Balliol lived out his life in obscurity in 8751: 8701: 8646: 8215: 7462: 7322: 7079: 6461: 6138: 5930: 5880: 5726: 5567: 5489: 5131: 4875: 4406: 4228: 3876: 3438:

king of Scotland, although this claim gained no international recognition.

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Church of the Friars Preachers of Blessed Virgin and Saint Dominic at Perth

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Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience

5053: 3133: 3067: 2046: 1663:, great-grandson of William I's younger brother David of Huntingdon, and 1124: 6198: 4527: 4185:

to vernacular around the end of the 9th century. By this time, the word

2482: 1574: 8158: 7984: 7561: 7302: 7292: 7282: 6869: 6731: 6268: 6223: 6168: 6153: 6148: 6093: 5806: 5781: 5027: 4367: 3729: 3031: 2907: 2840: 2540: 1803: 1330: 1173: 7355: 2221: 8495: 7317: 7287: 6874: 6849: 6263: 6258: 6188: 6178: 6143: 6103: 6083: 4341: 3545: 3435: 3198: 3194: 3080: 2123: 2045:, who had himself ruled for four years following his election in the 1209: 362: 8017: 6975: 6349: 699: 8805: 8576: 8048: 7673: 7307: 7248: 6854: 6679: 6243: 6208: 6203: 6163: 6118: 6098: 6088: 6063: 3520: 3431: 3354: 2031: 1833: 1444: 7989: 7533: 7225: 7131: 6513: 6273: 6133: 6108: 6058: 3566: 3385:, son of James VII, was claimant from 1701 until he died in 1766. 3120: 2100: 2050: 1928: 1748: 1667:, grandson of David of Huntingdon. The Scottish magnates invited 5906:

The Kingship of the Scots, 842–1292: Succession and Independence

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in 1651. He had a second coronation in England ten years later.

73: 8902: 7017: 6965: 6689: 6684: 6389: 6339: 5195:

Annals of Ulster, s.a. 1214.6; Annals of Loch Cé, s.a. 1213.10.

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An attempt to establish a Scottish colonial empire through the

1595: 1072:

Great-grandson of Kenneth II or Kenneth III through his mother

1028: 644: 5756:"William II and III (r. 1689-1702) and Mary II (r. 1689–1694)" 3446: 357:

The reign of Kenneth MacAlpin begins what is often called the

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No children. A miscarriage may have rendered Mary infertile

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British Royal Family History – Kings and Queens of Scotland

3549: 3349:

Scotland and England had shared a common monarch since the

2774: 6615: 1078: 449:

son of Alpin, king of Dál Riata, and brother of Kenneth I

4893: 2941: 203:, or King of Scots, to refer to themselves in Latin. The 5937:

The Canmores: Kings & Queens of the Scots, 1040–1290

5267: 5265: 4172: 4107:– The title of the heir apparent to the Scottish throne. 5825: 4632:; as Dub means "Black", "Dub the Black" is tautologous. 4132:

List of monarchs of the British Isles by cause of death

2137: 5262: 4186: 5160:

also means simply "Holy". David was never canonised.

4122:

Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland

3411:

After 1807, the Jacobite claims passed first to the

3143:

Daughter of James VII (II of England) and Anne Hyde

1602:

Granddaughter of Alexander III through his daughter

5958:"Margaret, "Maid of Norway" and Scottish Queenship" 5250: 5934: 5827: 6039: 4779:, which means "power" or "authority"; see Skene, 4113:– The style of address used by the King of Scots. 1766: 9177: 3441: 3415:(1807–1840), then to the Modenese branch of the 2930: 2157:, a junior member of the Stewart family, became 2032:House of Balliol (Disputed claimant) (1332–1356) 1952:great-great-great-great-grandson of King David I 1608: 931:Grandson of Malcolm II (son of eldest daughter) 5750: 5748: 4101:– The principal residence of the King of Scots. 3077:Son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France 3024:Son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France 2900:son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France 1640: 1019:Grandson of Malcolm II (son of second daughter) 854: 325: 5874:Early Sources of Scottish History: AD 500–1286 4979: 4977: 1832:, on 10 February 1306 at Greyfriars Church in 1659:presented themselves; the most prominent were 1655:became extinct and there was no obvious heir. 1508: 8033: 7371: 6601: 6025: 5695: 5693: 4067: 2763:son of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley and Mary I 1797: 937: 5745: 2235:Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland 2177:occupied Scotland and drove him into exile. 330: 7168:Monarchs of England and Scotland after the 5826:Appiah, Anthony; Henry Louis Gates (1999). 5412:"Edward Balliol (r. for periods 1332–1356)" 4974: 4166: 198: 8040: 8026: 7378: 7364: 7345:Debated or disputed rulers are in italics. 6608: 6594: 6032: 6018: 5690: 4074: 4060: 1758:great-great-great-grandson of King David I 2550:son of James III and Margaret of Denmark 2286:grandson of Robert I through his daughter 1786:abdicated in March 1296. That same month 572: 3203:Republic of the Seven United Netherlands 2382:son of Robert III and Anabella Drummond 1361: 1236: 1224: 1166: 1001: 920: 719: 475: 415: 7385: 5978:from the original on 11 September 2022. 3330:, putting into effect the terms of the 2974:, and from 1801 of the United Kingdom. 1985:son of Robert I and Elizabeth de Burgh 1079:House of Dunkeld (restored) (1058–1286) 14: 9236:9th-century establishments in Scotland 9178: 5900: 5816:parliament.uk, accessed 7 October 2008 5271: 5002:"Donald III (r. 1093–1094, 1094–1097)" 4127:Lists of monarchs in the British Isles 3519:The Scottish coronation oath sworn by 2942:House of Stuart (restored) (1660–1707) 2675:daughter of James V and Mary of Guise 403:(Cináed mac Ailpín / Ciniod m. Ailpin) 8047: 8021: 7359: 6589: 6013: 5879: 5620:"Mary, Queen of Scots (r. 1542–1567)" 3293:Daughter of James VII (primogeniture) 3179:(Uilleam Orains, "William of Orange") 2498:son of James II and Mary of Guelders 1903:Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale 1665:Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale 8368:Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland 5955: 5929: 5256: 3272:Daughter of James VII and Anne Hyde 2829:son of James VI and Anne of Denmark 2332:son of Robert II and Elizabeth Mure 9196:Lists of office-holders in Scotland 3738:(1371–1652) (1660–1707) 3322:passed during 1706 and 1707 by the 3229:offered the crown by the Parliament 3165:offered the crown by the Parliament 2630:Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, France 2609:son of James IV and Margaret Tudor 2138:House of Stewart/Stuart (1371–1651) 259:Royal Standard of the King of Scots 24: 9241:1707 disestablishments in Scotland 5902:Duncan, Archibald Alexander McBeth 3514: 3423:(since 1919). The current heir is 3361: 3251:Queen of Great Britain and Ireland 2407:son of Robert III (primogeniture) 1779:First War of Scottish Independence 25: 9257: 8794:Scottish Qualifications Authority 8531:Office of the Accountant of Court 8456:Member of the Scottish Parliament 5993: 4775:has similar meaning to Old Irish 3048:Son of Charles I (primogeniture) 2924:son of Charles I (primogeniture) 2578:son of James III (primogeniture) 2440:son of James I and Joan Beaufort 2353:son of Robert II (primogeniture) 4137:Burial places of British royalty 4043: 3612: 3606: 3419:(1840–1919), and finally to the 3303: 3261: 3185: 3132: 3110:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye 3066: 3013: 2882: 2864:son of James VI (primogeniture) 2816: 2752: 2664: 2646:son of James IV (primogeniture) 2596: 2539: 2521:son of James II (primogeniture) 2481: 2427: 2371: 2316: 2220: 2099: 1972: 1888: 1716: 1066:Gille Coemgáin, Mormaer of Moray 337:Family tree of Scottish monarchs 313: 301: 289: 277: 265: 251: 72: 54: 6645:Monarchs of Scotland until 1603 5863: 5848: 5819: 5800: 5774: 5719: 5664: 5646:"James VI and I (r. 1567–1625)" 5638: 5612: 5586: 5560: 5534: 5508: 5482: 5456: 5430: 5404: 5378: 5361:Rasmusen, Barbara Mure (1996). 5355: 5329: 5303: 5277: 5224: 5198: 5189: 5163: 5150: 5124: 5111: 5085: 5072: 5046: 5020: 4994: 4948: 4935: 4909: 4868: 4855: 4829: 4816: 4790: 4765: 4739: 4713: 4700: 4674: 4661: 4635: 4617: 4591: 4578: 4546: 4520: 4507: 4481: 4464: 4438: 4425: 4399: 4386: 4360: 3708:(843–878; 889–1040) 3353:in 1603 when the Scottish king 2937:Scotland under the Commonwealth 2463:son of James I (primogeniture) 1816:, then John Comyn, and finally 9246:Scottish history-related lists 6642:Monarchs of England until 1603 5908:. Edinburgh University Press. 5887:, Edinburgh University Press, 5232:"Alexander III (r. 1249–1286)" 4721:"Constantine III (r. 995–997)" 4334: 4321: 4295: 4269: 4256: 4247: 4221: 4208: 4150: 4094:Scottish monarchs' family tree 2798:son of Mary I (primogeniture) 1767:Second Interregnum (1296–1306) 1215:(Donnchadh mac Mhaoil Chaluim) 1130:(Maol Chaluim mac Dhonnchaidh) 1034:(Lughlagh mac Gille Chomghain) 751:(Coinneach mac Mhaoil Chaluim) 189:, which later became known in 13: 1: 6041:Pictish and Scottish monarchs 5311:"John Balliol (r. 1292–1296)" 5206:"Alexander II (r. 1214–1249)" 4643:"Culen or Colin (r. 967–971)" 4446:"Constantine II (r. 900–943)" 4202: 4171:('King of the Picts') became 3561:The coronation oath sworn by 3442:Timeline of Scottish monarchs 3434:proclaimed himself to be the 2931:Third Interregnum (1651–1660) 2323: 1741: 1723: 1609:First Interregnum (1286–1292) 1567: 1305:(Dàibhidh mac Mhaoil Chaluim) 1278:(Alaxandair mac Maíl Choluim) 1276:(Alasdair mac Mhaoil Chaluim) 1147:Rí Alban / Scottorum basileus 623:(Maol Chaluim mac Dhòmhnaill) 8144:Colonisation of the Americas 7512:Colonization of the Americas 5093:"Alexander I (r. 1107–1124)" 4956:"Malcolm III (r. 1058–1093)" 4303:"Constantine I (r. 863–877)" 4181:, when annals switched from 3797:Colonization of the Americas 2404:aged about 42 (assassinated) 1641:House of Balliol (1292–1296) 1501: 1474: 1472: 1457: 1452: 1425: 1423: 1408: 1392: 1381: 1366: 1358: 1343: 1328: 1319:Maud, Countess of Huntingdon 1317: 1312: 1297: 1288: 1283: 1268: 1263: 1256: 1241: 1229: 1222: 1207: 1198: 1193: 1186: 1171: 1150: 1145: 1137: 1122: 1063: 1056: 1041: 1026: 1013: 1006: 994: 987:(MacBheatha mac Fhionnlaigh) 979: 930: 925: 911: 896: 855:House of Dunkeld (1034–1040) 841: 834: 827:(Maol Chaluim mac Choinnich) 819: 814: 807: 792: 787: 785: 770: 765: 758: 743: 739: 724: 712: 697: 692: 685: 669: 664: 657: 642: 637: 630: 615: 610: 603: 588: 583: 565: 550: 545: 543: 526: 521: 514: 499: 495: 480: 468: 453: 448: 446: 431: 422: 408: 393: 345:List of Kings of Strathclyde 326:List of monarchs of Scotland 86:24 July 1567 – 27 March 1625 27:Scottish monarchs until 1707 7: 7252:British monarchs after the 5876:, 2 Vols (Edinburgh, 1922). 5855:Scottish Parliament Project 5701:"Charles II (r. 1660–1685)" 5464:"Robert III (r. 1390–1406)" 5171:"Malcolm IV (r. 1153–1165)" 4798:"Malcolm II (r. 1005–1034)" 4747:"Kenneth III (r. 997–1005)" 4599:"Dubh or Duff (r. 962–967)" 4086: 3430:In 1971, Ugandan President 2679:François II, King of France 1509:House of Sverre (1286–1290) 1467:(Alaxandair mac Alaxandair) 1217:(Donnchad mac Maíl Choluim) 1132:(Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) 238: 227:was the last monarch to be 36:Legendary kings of Scotland 10: 9262: 8816:Inventions and discoveries 8519:Supreme Courts of Scotland 7507:Economy in the Middle Ages 7468:Wars of the Three Kingdoms 5672:"Charles I (r. 1625–1649)" 5542:"James III (r. 1460–1488)" 5438:"Robert II (r. 1371–1390)" 4987:, pp. 51–52, 74–75; Oram, 3417:House of Habsburg-Lorraine 3365: 3307: 3141:St James's Palace, England 2934: 2688:Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley 2306:(Raibeart III Stiùbhairt, 2141: 1801: 1798:House of Bruce (1306–1371) 1776: 1770: 1644: 1618: 1612: 1512: 1336:(Maol Chaluim mac Eanraig) 1249:(Eagar mac Mhaoil Chaluim) 1179:(Dòmhnall mac Dhonnchaidh) 1036:(Lulach mac Gille Comgaín) 989:(Mac Bethad mac Findláich) 941: 938:House of Moray (1040–1058) 858: 406:843/848 – 13 February 858 349:List of kings of Dál Riata 341:List of Kings of the Picts 334: 242: 164:. According to tradition, 34:. For legendary ones, see 29: 9211:Lists of British monarchs 9144: 9091:Scottish Episcopal Church 9039: 8987: 8949: 8940: 8773:Curriculum for Excellence 8737: 8733: 8724: 8612: 8603: 8494: 8343: 8334: 8325: 8206: 8197: 8069: 8056: 7931: 7868: 7820: 7785: 7742: 7687: 7610:Convention of the Estates 7580: 7532: 7393: 7340: 7263: 7247: 7243: 7180: 7163: 7159: 6636: 6632: 6562: 6282: 6047: 5727:"James II (r. 1685–1688)" 5568:"James IV (r. 1488–1513)" 5516:"James II (r. 1437–1460)" 5386:"David II (r. 1329–1371)" 5337:"Robert I (r. 1306–1329)" 5285:"Margaret (r. 1286–1290)" 4837:"Duncan I (r. 1034–1040)" 4682:"Kenneth II (r. 971–995)" 4117:List of Scottish consorts 3992:Scottish Episcopal Church 3145: 3047: 2972:monarchs of Great Britain 2833:Henrietta Maria of France 2095:In opposition to David II 1794:as the king of Scotland. 829:(Máel Coluim mac Cináeda) 753:(Cináed mac Maíl Choluim) 680:(Dubh mac Mhaoil Chaluim) 625:(Máel Coluim mac Domnall) 331:House of Alpin (848–1034) 181:just became known as the 140: 132: 124: 114: 104: 99: 95: 91: 71: 67: 53: 45: 9201:Lists of Scottish people 8527:High Court of Justiciary 5965:Reading Medieval Studies 5924:Kings of Celtic Scotland 5594:"James V (r. 1513–1542)" 5490:"James I (r. 1406–1437)" 5367:. Publisher: Heinemann. 5132:"David I (r. 1124–1153)" 4876:"Macbeth (r. 1040–1057)" 4489:"Malcolm I (r. 943–954)" 4407:"Donald II (r. 889–900)" 4229:"Kenneth I (r. 834–858)" 4143: 3927:Scottish Socialist Party 3344:Kingdom of Great Britain 3310:List of British monarchs 3007:(Teàrlach II Stiùbhairt) 2968:Kingdom of Great Britain 2876:(Teàrlach II Stiùbhairt) 2214:(Raibeart II Stiùbhairt) 1627:Margaret, Maid of Norway 1621:Margaret, Maid of Norway 1520:Margaret, Maid of Norway 1418:(Alaxandair mac Uilliam) 1338:(Máel Coluim mac Eanric) 1307:(Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim) 1251:(Étgar mac Maíl Choluim) 1231:Ethelreda of Northumbria 1226:Rí Alban / Rex Scottorum 1090:Margaret, Maid of Norway 904:(Donnchadh mac Crìonain) 811:"the Chief"/ "the Brown" 507:(Griogair mac Dhunghail) 245:Coat of arms of Scotland 213:Kingdom of Great Britain 32:List of British monarchs 9226:Renaissance in Scotland 9101:Free Church of Scotland 8388:International relations 5812:15 October 2008 at the 4917:"Lulach (r. 1057–1058)" 4277:"Donald I (r. 859–863)" 4177:('King of Alba') under 4173: 4099:Palace of Holyroodhouse 3922:Scottish National Party 3647:During the Roman Empire 3227:Grandson of Charles I ( 3163:Daughter of James VII ( 3060:(Seumas VII Stiùbhairt) 2810:(Teàrlach I Stiùbhairt) 2709:Palace of Holyroodhouse 2692:Palace of Holyroodhouse 2475:(Seumas III Stiùbhairt) 1745: 25 November 1314 1465:(Alasdair mac Alasdair) 1181:(Domnall mac Donnchada) 780:(Causantín mac Cuiléin) 560:(Domnall mac Causantín) 558:(Dòmhnall mac Chòiseim) 546:grandson of Kenneth I* 463:(Causantín mac Cináeda) 461:(Còiseam mac Choinnich) 401:(Coinneach mac Ailpein) 170: 145:Royal Court of Scotland 9216:Scotland-related lists 8682:Royal Bank of Scotland 8378:Great Seal of Scotland 7963:Court of the Lord Lyon 6049:Monarchs of the Picts 5156:Later nickname. Latin 5054:"Edgar (r. 1097–1107)" 4187: 4167: 4162:Kingdom of Strathclyde 3957:National football team 3580: 3559: 3533:Parliament of Scotland 3425:Franz, Duke of Bavaria 3328:Parliament of Scotland 2746:(Seumas VI Stiùbhairt) 2732:cognatic primogeniture 2533:(Seumas IV Stiùbhairt) 2421:(Seumas II Stiùbhairt) 1589:September/October 1290 1416:(Alasdair mac Uilleim) 1394:Ermengarde de Beaumont 1203:at least one daughter 1103:(Medieval Gaelic name) 1068:and Gruoch of Scotland 960:(Medieval Gaelic name) 906:(Donnchad mac Crínáin) 877:(Medieval Gaelic name) 800:(Coinneach mac Dhuibh) 778:(Còiseam mac Chailein) 678:(Dub mac Maíl Choluim) 665:Son of Constantine II 652:(Ildulb mac Causantín) 377:(Medieval Gaelic name) 296:William II and Mary II 199: 8979:British Sign Language 8446:Members of Parliament 8373:Deputy First Minister 8211:Anglo-Scottish border 8179:Industrial Revolution 7600:Estates of Parliament 6284:Monarchs of the Scots 5956:Reid, Norman (1982). 5922:Hudson, Benjamin T., 5782:"Anne (r. 1702–1714)" 5028:"Duncan II (r. 1094)" 4985:Kingship of the Scots 4528:"Indulf (r. 954–962)" 4216:Scottish Independence 3766:Scandinavian Scotland 3575: 3537: 3398:Bonnie Prince Charlie 3324:Parliament of England 3126:(Màiri II Stiùbhairt) 3028:Catherine of Braganza 2904:Catherine of Braganza 2837:St Augustine's Church 2730:daughter of James V ( 2590:(Seumas V Stiùbhairt) 2365:(Seumas I Stiùbhairt) 1838:Battle of Bannockburn 1374:(Uilleam mac Eanraig) 1152:Ingibiorg Finnsdottir 584:Son of Constantine I 469:An Finn-Shoichleach, 439:(Dòmhnall mac Solein) 419:("King of the Picts") 8922:World Heritage Sites 8119:Wars of Independence 7707:Early modern warfare 7438:Wars of Independence 7222:William III & II 6787:Henry the Young King 6737:Edward the Confessor 6705:Æthelred the Unready 6365:Constantine III (IV) 6330:Constantine II (III) 4368:"Giric (r. 878–889)" 3987:Scottish Reformation 3772:Wars of independence 3531:and approved by the 3421:House of Wittelsbach 3216:Mary, Princess Royal 2948:Scottish Restoration 2617:Notre Dame Cathedral 2041:was the son of King 1585:Margaret of Scotland 1502:Son of Alexander II 1376:(Uilliam mac Eanric) 1362:Grandson of David I 1101:(Modern Gaelic name) 1070:Step-son of Macbeth 958:(Modern Gaelic name) 875:(Modern Gaelic name) 805:997 – 25 March 1005 734:(Amlaíb mac Ilduilb) 707:(Cuilén mac Ilduilb) 598:(Causantín mac Áeda) 576:("King of Scotland") 488:(Aodh mac Choinnich) 472:"The Wine-Bountiful" 441:(Domnall mac Ailpín) 427:, king of Dál Riata 375:(Modern Gaelic name) 284:James VI – James VII 272:William I – James VI 207:was merged with the 179:Kingdom of the Picts 9221:Kingdom of Scotland 8712:International trade 8266:Mountains and hills 8174:Highland Clearances 8149:Glorious Revolution 8114:Davidian Revolution 8061:Outline of Scotland 7497:Glorious Revolution 7458:Union of the Crowns 7433:Davidian Revolution 7387:Kingdom of Scotland 7170:Union of the Crowns 6395:Malcolm III Canmore 4050:Scotland portal 3792:Glorious Revolution 3636:) 12,000 BC–700 BC 3394:The Young Pretender 3368:Jacobite succession 3351:Union of the Crowns 3340:Kingdom of Scotland 3296:Bill of Rights 1689 3043:Palace of Whitehall 2919:Palace of Whitehall 2861:aged 48 (executed) 2853:Palace of Whitehall 2771:Old Bishop's Palace 2727:aged 44 (executed) 2719:Fotheringhay Castle 2613:Madeleine of Valois 2502:Margaret of Denmark 2390:Southwark Cathedral 2299:(born John Stewart) 2155:Henry, Lord Darnley 2114:Isabella de Warenne 1882:(Raibeart a Briuis) 1732:Isabella de Warenne 1669:Edward I of England 1657:Thirteen candidates 1476:Margaret of England 1290:Sybilla of Normandy 1237:Son of Malcolm III 1098:Modern English name 1021:Cousin of Duncan I 955:Modern English name 872:Modern English name 634:"the Dangerous Red" 596:(Còiseam mac Aoidh) 509:(Giric mac Dúngail) 444:858 – 13 April 862 372:Modern English name 221:Union of the Crowns 205:Kingdom of Scotland 162:Kingdom of Scotland 154:monarch of Scotland 9231:843 establishments 9069:Church of Scotland 8861:Royal National Mòd 8799:Education Scotland 8572:Scots property law 8567:College of Justice 8476:Secretary of State 8298:Biosphere reserves 8169:Lowland Clearances 8154:1707 Acts of Union 8000:Saint Andrew's Day 7970:Royal coat of arms 7835:Church of Scotland 7662:Secretary of State 7652:Acts of Parliament 7524:Union with England 7254:Acts of Union 1707 7217:James II & VII 6910:Kenneth I MacAlpin 6695:Edgar the Peaceful 6468:Second Interregnum 6435:William I the Lion 6304:Constantine I (II) 6294:Kenneth I MacAlpin 5870:Anderson, Alan Orr 5733:. 26 February 2016 5678:. 30 December 2015 5082:, vol. ii, p. 141. 4342:"Aed (r. 877–878)" 4027:Edinburgh timeline 3817:The Scots language 3748:Acts of Union 1707 3685:History (timeline) 3336:Kingdom of England 3320:Parliamentary Acts 2826:Dunfermline Palace 2658:(Màiri Stiùbhairt) 2260:Papal dispensation 1993:Berwick-upon-Tweed 1925:Elizabeth de Burgh 1592:St Margaret's Hope 1561:the Maid of Norway 1159:Margaret of Wessex 1008:Gruoch of Scotland 928:at least two sons 842:Son of Kenneth II 658:An Ionsaighthigh, 396:Kenneth I MacAlpin 209:Kingdom of England 166:Kenneth I MacAlpin 105:First monarch 61:Royal coat of arms 9206:Lists of monarchs 9191:Scottish monarchy 9186:Scottish monarchs 9173: 9172: 9140: 9139: 9136: 9135: 9128:Ethnic minorities 9086:Roman Catholicism 9035: 9034: 8720: 8719: 8599: 8598: 8595: 8594: 8582:Prison population 8562:Sheriff principal 8557:Solicitor General 8552:Procurator fiscal 8461:Political parties 8321: 8320: 8099:Early Middle Ages 8015: 8014: 7918:Scottish baronial 7727:Lord High Admiral 7668:Regiam Majestatem 7418:Early Middle Ages 7353: 7352: 7336: 7335: 7239: 7238: 7155: 7154: 7150: 7149: 6700:Edward the Martyr 6583: 6582: 6456:First Interregnum 6000:Scottish Monarchs 5989:(Edinburgh, 1867) 5926:(Westport, 1994). 5894:978-0-7486-2360-0 5788:. 3 February 2016 5762:. 3 February 2016 5707:. 3 February 2016 5652:. 3 February 2016 5626:. 3 February 2016 5600:. 3 February 2016 5574:. 3 February 2016 5548:. 3 February 2016 5522:. 3 February 2016 5496:. 3 February 2016 5470:. 3 February 2016 5444:. 3 February 2016 5418:. 3 February 2016 5392:. 3 February 2016 5343:. 3 February 2016 5317:. 3 February 2016 5291:. 21 January 2016 5238:. 21 January 2016 5212:. 21 January 2016 5177:. 21 January 2016 5138:. 21 January 2016 5119:Andrew of Wyntoun 5099:. 21 January 2016 5060:. 21 January 2016 5034:. 21 January 2016 5008:. 13 January 2016 4962:. 13 January 2016 4945:, vol. i, p. 603. 4923:. 13 January 2016 4843:. 13 January 2016 4804:. 13 January 2016 4783:, p. 98; Hudson, 4753:. 13 January 2016 4727:. 13 January 2016 4688:. 13 January 2016 4649:. 13 January 2016 4605:. 13 January 2016 4534:. 13 January 2016 4495:. 13 January 2016 4474:, p. 91; Hudson, 4452:. 13 January 2016 4413:. 13 January 2016 4374:. 13 January 2016 4348:. 13 January 2016 4309:. 13 January 2016 4283:. 13 January 2016 4235:. 13 January 2016 4160:" (and later the 4084: 4083: 4032:Glasgow timeline 4009:Islam and Muslims 3744:(1652–1660) 3732:(1306–1371) 3726:(1292–1296) 3720:(1058–1286) 3714:(1040–1058) 3396:and often called 3392:", also known as 3383:The Old Pretender 3381:", also known as 3342:to form a united 3301: 3300: 3288:Kensington Palace 3279:St James's Palace 3276:George of Denmark 3270:St James's Palace 3243:(Anna Stiùbhairt) 3222:Kensington Palace 3156:Kensington Palace 3146:St James's Palace 3107:16 September 1701 3087:, London, England 3075:St James's Palace 3022:St James's Palace 2928: 2927: 2892:St James's Palace 2673:Linlithgow Palace 2606:Linlithgow Palace 2495:St Andrews Castle 2380:Dunfermline Abbey 2336:Anabella Drummond 2135: 2134: 2029: 2028: 2021:son of Robert I ( 2005:Inchmurdach, Fife 2002:Margaret Drummond 1982:Dunfermline Abbey 1947:Manor of Cardross 1764: 1763: 1737:at least one son 1606: 1605: 1581:Eric II of Norway 1571: April 1283 1506: 1505: 1453:Son of William I 1400:, Oxford, England 1076: 1075: 1045:"the Unfortunate" 1016:Mormaer Findláech 935: 934: 846: 845: 802:(Cináed mac Duib) 766:Son of Malcolm I 759:An Fionnghalach, 693:Son of Malcolm I 638:Son of Donald II 607:"the Middle Aged" 580:("King of Scots") 578:Rì nan Albannaich 538:(Eochaid mac Run) 522:Son of Donald I? 490:(Áed mac Cináeda) 476:Son of Kenneth I 211:to form a single 171:Cináed mac Ailpín 150: 149: 128:843 (traditional) 115:Last monarch 18:Kings of Scotland 16:(Redirected from 9253: 9153: 9074:General Assembly 8964:Scottish English 8959:Highland English 8947: 8946: 8836:Oldest buildings 8735: 8734: 8731: 8730: 8677:Renewable energy 8622:Bank of Scotland 8610: 8609: 8523:Court of Session 8504:Advocate General 8434:Military history 8412:Local government 8341: 8340: 8332: 8331: 8204: 8203: 8124:Late Middle Ages 8109:High Middle Ages 8042: 8035: 8028: 8019: 8018: 7717:Royal Scots Navy 7712:Royal Scots Army 7702:Medieval warfare 7502:Maritime history 7443:Late Middle Ages 7428:Late Middle Ages 7423:High Middle Ages 7380: 7373: 7366: 7357: 7356: 7245: 7244: 7205:Richard Cromwell 7195:The Protectorate 7185:James I & VI 7161: 7160: 6742:Harold Godwinson 6662:Edward the Elder 6655:Alfred the Great 6639: 6638: 6634: 6633: 6610: 6603: 6596: 6587: 6586: 6576: 6567:also monarch of 6034: 6027: 6020: 6011: 6010: 5979: 5977: 5962: 5952: 5940: 5919: 5897: 5858: 5852: 5846: 5845: 5833: 5823: 5817: 5804: 5798: 5797: 5795: 5793: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5752: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5723: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5697: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5668: 5662: 5661: 5659: 5657: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5616: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5605: 5590: 5584: 5583: 5581: 5579: 5564: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5553: 5538: 5532: 5531: 5529: 5527: 5512: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5501: 5486: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5460: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5449: 5434: 5428: 5427: 5425: 5423: 5408: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5382: 5376: 5364:Robert The Bruce 5359: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5333: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5307: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5281: 5275: 5269: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5228: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5202: 5196: 5193: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5167: 5161: 5154: 5148: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5128: 5122: 5115: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5089: 5083: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5039: 5024: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5013: 4998: 4992: 4981: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4967: 4952: 4946: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4913: 4907: 4900: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4872: 4866: 4859: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4848: 4833: 4827: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4809: 4794: 4788: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4743: 4737: 4736: 4734: 4732: 4717: 4711: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4693: 4678: 4672: 4665: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4639: 4633: 4621: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4595: 4589: 4582: 4576: 4550: 4544: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4524: 4518: 4511: 4505: 4504: 4502: 4500: 4485: 4479: 4468: 4462: 4461: 4459: 4457: 4442: 4436: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4403: 4397: 4390: 4384: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4364: 4358: 4357: 4355: 4353: 4338: 4332: 4325: 4319: 4318: 4316: 4314: 4299: 4293: 4292: 4290: 4288: 4273: 4267: 4260: 4254: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4225: 4219: 4212: 4196: 4190: 4176: 4170: 4154: 4105:Duke of Rothesay 4076: 4069: 4062: 4048: 4047: 4046: 4004:Jews and Judaism 3997:Great Disruption 3917:Local government 3724:House of Balliol 3718:House of Dunkeld 3616: 3610: 3600: 3582: 3581: 3265: 3258: 3244: 3189: 3180: 3153:28 December 1694 3136: 3127: 3102:21 November 1673 3089:3 September 1660 3070: 3061: 3017: 3008: 2977: 2976: 2886: 2877: 2823:19 November 1600 2820: 2811: 2779:23 November 1589 2761:Edinburgh Castle 2756: 2747: 2723:Northamptonshire 2668: 2659: 2637:14 December 1542 2600: 2591: 2564:9 September 1513 2543: 2534: 2485: 2476: 2444:Mary of Guelders 2431: 2422: 2398:21 February 1437 2375: 2366: 2328: 2325: 2320: 2311: 2308:An Righ Bhacaigh 2288:(primogeniture) 2280:Dundonald Castle 2269:Euphemia de Ross 2224: 2215: 2198:Dynastic status 2180: 2179: 2159:King as James VI 2103: 2096: 2061: 2060: 2015:Edinburgh Castle 2012:22 February 1371 2007:20 February 1364 1976: 1967: 1966:(Dàibhidh Bruis) 1898:Turnberry Castle 1892: 1883: 1866:Dynastic status 1848: 1847: 1830:Lord of Badenoch 1818:Robert the Bruce 1792:Robert the Bruce 1746: 1743: 1728: 1725: 1720: 1711: 1693:Dynastic status 1675: 1674: 1647:House of Balliol 1572: 1569: 1549:Dynastic status 1537: 1536: 1490:Yolande de Dreux 1484:25 December 1251 1468: 1419: 1402:5 September 1186 1398:Woodstock Palace 1390: 1377: 1356: 1348: 1339: 1315: 1308: 1286: 1279: 1261: 1252: 1227: 1218: 1196: 1191: 1182: 1167:Son of Duncan I 1148: 1143: 1133: 1118:Dynastic status 1104: 1095: 1094: 1054: 1046: 1037: 1004: 999: 990: 975:Dynastic status 961: 952: 951: 923: 918: 907: 892:Dynastic status 878: 869: 868: 861:House of Dunkeld 839: 830: 812: 803: 781: 763: 762:"the Fratricide" 754: 735: 717: 708: 690: 681: 662: 653: 635: 631:An Bodhbhdercc, 626: 608: 599: 581: 570: 561: 539: 519: 518:"Son of Fortune" 510: 491: 473: 464: 442: 420: 413: 404: 389:Dynastic status 378: 369: 368: 317: 305: 293: 281: 269: 255: 231:in Scotland, at 202: 173: 79:Longest reigning 76: 58: 49: 43: 42: 21: 9261: 9260: 9256: 9255: 9254: 9252: 9251: 9250: 9176: 9175: 9174: 9169: 9156: 9149: 9132: 9031: 8983: 8969:Scottish Gaelic 8936: 8841:Performing arts 8716: 8591: 8587:Police Scotland 8490: 8471:Scotland Office 8317: 8278:Protected areas 8193: 8065: 8052: 8046: 8016: 8011: 7927: 7864: 7816: 7805:Scottish people 7800:Scottish Gaelic 7781: 7738: 7683: 7657:Lord Chancellor 7605:General Council 7584: 7576: 7528: 7389: 7384: 7354: 7349: 7332: 7259: 7235: 7200:Oliver Cromwell 7176: 7151: 7146: 6993:Constantine III 6902: 6727:Harold Harefoot 6717:Edmund Ironside 6628: 6623: and 6614: 6584: 6579: 6566: 6558: 6285: 6278: 6234:Constantine (I) 6114:Galam Cennalath 6050: 6043: 6038: 5996: 5975: 5960: 5949: 5916: 5895: 5866: 5861: 5853: 5849: 5842: 5824: 5820: 5814:Wayback Machine 5805: 5801: 5791: 5789: 5780: 5779: 5775: 5765: 5763: 5754: 5753: 5746: 5736: 5734: 5725: 5724: 5720: 5710: 5708: 5699: 5698: 5691: 5681: 5679: 5670: 5669: 5665: 5655: 5653: 5644: 5643: 5639: 5629: 5627: 5618: 5617: 5613: 5603: 5601: 5592: 5591: 5587: 5577: 5575: 5566: 5565: 5561: 5551: 5549: 5540: 5539: 5535: 5525: 5523: 5514: 5513: 5509: 5499: 5497: 5488: 5487: 5483: 5473: 5471: 5462: 5461: 5457: 5447: 5445: 5436: 5435: 5431: 5421: 5419: 5410: 5409: 5405: 5395: 5393: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5360: 5356: 5346: 5344: 5335: 5334: 5330: 5320: 5318: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5294: 5292: 5283: 5282: 5278: 5270: 5263: 5255: 5251: 5241: 5239: 5230: 5229: 5225: 5215: 5213: 5204: 5203: 5199: 5194: 5190: 5180: 5178: 5169: 5168: 5164: 5155: 5151: 5141: 5139: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5116: 5112: 5102: 5100: 5091: 5090: 5086: 5077: 5073: 5063: 5061: 5052: 5051: 5047: 5037: 5035: 5026: 5025: 5021: 5011: 5009: 5000: 4999: 4995: 4982: 4975: 4965: 4963: 4954: 4953: 4949: 4940: 4936: 4926: 4924: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4901: 4894: 4884: 4882: 4874: 4873: 4869: 4860: 4856: 4846: 4844: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4821: 4817: 4807: 4805: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4745: 4744: 4740: 4730: 4728: 4719: 4718: 4714: 4705: 4701: 4691: 4689: 4680: 4679: 4675: 4666: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4641: 4640: 4636: 4622: 4618: 4608: 4606: 4597: 4596: 4592: 4583: 4579: 4560:, found in the 4551: 4547: 4537: 4535: 4526: 4525: 4521: 4512: 4508: 4498: 4496: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4469: 4465: 4455: 4453: 4444: 4443: 4439: 4430: 4426: 4416: 4414: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4391: 4387: 4377: 4375: 4366: 4365: 4361: 4351: 4349: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4326: 4322: 4312: 4310: 4301: 4300: 4296: 4286: 4284: 4275: 4274: 4270: 4261: 4257: 4252: 4248: 4238: 4236: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4200: 4199: 4193:Scottish Gaelic 4155: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4089: 4080: 4044: 4042: 4037: 4036: 4022: 4014: 4013: 3977: 3967: 3966: 3942: 3932: 3931: 3907: 3897: 3896: 3867: 3857: 3856: 3852:Natural history 3761: 3753: 3752: 3736:House of Stuart 3701: 3691: 3690: 3689: 3624: 3611: 3598: 3591: 3517: 3515:Coronation oath 3512: 3510: 3444: 3370: 3364: 3362:Later claimants 3332:Treaty of Union 3312: 3306: 3294: 3289: 3287: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3271: 3269: 3268:6 February 1665 3253: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3223: 3221: 3205: 3193: 3192:4 November 1650 3181: 3178: 3177: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3148:4 November 1677 3147: 3142: 3140: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3113: 3108: 3104:Seven children 3103: 3101: 3096: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3083: 3076: 3074: 3073:14 October 1633 3062: 3059: 3058: 3044: 3042: 3041:6 February 1685 3037: 3035: 3030: 3023: 3021: 3009: 3006: 3005: 2944: 2939: 2933: 2920: 2918: 2917:6 February 1685 2913: 2911: 2906: 2899: 2890: 2878: 2875: 2874: 2860: 2851: 2850:30 January 1649 2846: 2844: 2835: 2828: 2824: 2812: 2809: 2808: 2794: 2787:Theobalds House 2785: 2781:seven children 2780: 2778: 2769: 2767:Anne of Denmark 2762: 2760: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2726: 2717: 2716:8 February 1587 2712: 2710: 2708: 2700: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2690: 2686: 2685: 2683: 2681: 2674: 2672: 2671:8 December 1542 2660: 2657: 2656: 2642: 2640:Falkland Palace 2638: 2634:three children 2633: 2631: 2629: 2625: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2619:, Paris, France 2615: 2608: 2604: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2574: 2565: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2549: 2548:Stirling Castle 2547: 2535: 2532: 2531: 2517: 2513: 2509:three children 2508: 2506: 2504: 2497: 2491:Stirling Castle 2489: 2477: 2474: 2473: 2459: 2457:Roxburgh Castle 2455: 2451:seven children 2450: 2448: 2446: 2439: 2435: 2434:16 October 1430 2423: 2420: 2419: 2417: 2403: 2399: 2395:eight children 2394: 2393:2 February 1424 2392: 2388: 2381: 2379: 2367: 2364: 2363: 2349: 2347:Rothesay Castle 2345: 2341:seven children 2340: 2338: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2312: 2305: 2304: 2300: 2298: 2287: 2282: 2278: 2273: 2271: 2267: 2266: 2264: 2255: 2246: 2232: 2228: 2216: 2213: 2212: 2208: 2175:Oliver Cromwell 2150: 2144:House of Stuart 2140: 2127: 2122: 2107: 2094: 2093: 2091: 2034: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2006: 2004: 2000: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1989:Joan of England 1984: 1980: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1953: 1948: 1946: 1941: 1939: 1927: 1923: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1916:Isabella of Mar 1900: 1896: 1884: 1881: 1880: 1876: 1810:William Wallace 1806: 1800: 1781: 1775: 1769: 1759: 1747: 1744: 1736: 1735:9 February 1281 1734: 1726: 1712: 1709: 1708: 1707:("Empty Cloak") 1703: 1649: 1643: 1623: 1617: 1611: 1598: 1590: 1578: 1573: 1570: 1563: 1559: 1517: 1515:House of Sverre 1511: 1498: 1497:15 October 1285 1496: 1492: 1488: 1487: 1485: 1483: 1478: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1463: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1429: 1427:Joan of England 1420: 1417: 1415: 1414: 1403: 1401: 1396: 1388: 1387: 1385: 1383: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1372: 1354: 1353: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1334: 1323: 1321: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1303: 1292: 1284: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1274: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1247: 1233: 1225: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1213: 1202: 1194: 1189: 1188: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1177: 1164:eight children 1163: 1161: 1157: 1156: 1154: 1146: 1141: 1139: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1128: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1099: 1081: 1071: 1069: 1060: 1052: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1032: 1020: 1010: 1002: 997: 996: 991: 988: 986: 985: 962: 959: 957: 956: 946: 940: 927: 921: 916: 914: 912: 908: 905: 903: 902: 879: 876: 874: 873: 863: 857: 838:"the Destroyer" 837: 836: 831: 828: 826: 825: 810: 809: 804: 801: 799: 798: 782: 779: 777: 776: 773:Constantine III 761: 760: 755: 752: 750: 749: 736: 733: 731: 730: 715: 714: 709: 706: 704: 703: 688: 687: 682: 679: 677: 676: 661:"the Aggressor" 660: 659: 654: 651: 649: 648: 633: 632: 627: 624: 622: 621: 606: 605: 600: 597: 595: 594: 579: 577: 575: 573: 568: 567: 562: 559: 557: 556: 540: 537: 535: 534: 517: 516: 511: 508: 506: 505: 492: 489: 487: 486: 471: 470: 465: 462: 460: 459: 443: 440: 438: 437: 418: 416: 412:"The Conqueror" 411: 410: 405: 402: 400: 399: 379: 376: 374: 373: 355: 333: 328: 321: 318: 309: 306: 297: 294: 285: 282: 273: 270: 261: 256: 247: 241: 215:in 1707. Thus, 193:and English as 187:Scottish Gaelic 183:Kingdom of Alba 87: 85: 80: 63: 47: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9259: 9249: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9171: 9170: 9168: 9167: 9162: 9155: 9154: 9146: 9145: 9142: 9141: 9138: 9137: 9134: 9133: 9131: 9130: 9125: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9104: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9082: 9081: 9076: 9066: 9056: 9051: 9045: 9043: 9037: 9036: 9033: 9032: 9030: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8998: 8996: 8985: 8984: 8982: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8955: 8953: 8944: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8918: 8917: 8912: 8911: 8910: 8900: 8899: 8898: 8888: 8883: 8873: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8802: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8743: 8741: 8728: 8722: 8721: 8718: 8717: 8715: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8672:Power stations 8669: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8613: 8607: 8601: 8600: 8597: 8596: 8593: 8592: 8590: 8589: 8584: 8579: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8547:Lord President 8544: 8539: 8534: 8516: 8506: 8500: 8498: 8492: 8491: 8489: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8437: 8436: 8426: 8425: 8424: 8419: 8409: 8404: 8403: 8402: 8392: 8391: 8390: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8363:First Minister 8360: 8355: 8349: 8347: 8338: 8329: 8323: 8322: 8319: 8318: 8316: 8315: 8310: 8308:Municipalities 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8274: 8273: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8207: 8201: 8195: 8194: 8192: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8075: 8073: 8067: 8066: 8064: 8063: 8057: 8054: 8053: 8051: articles 8045: 8044: 8037: 8030: 8022: 8013: 8012: 8010: 8009: 8004: 8003: 8002: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7972: 7967: 7966: 7965: 7955: 7954: 7953: 7943: 7937: 7935: 7929: 7928: 7926: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7910: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7874: 7872: 7866: 7865: 7863: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7850:Highland dance 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7826: 7824: 7818: 7817: 7815: 7814: 7813: 7812: 7802: 7797: 7795:Scots language 7791: 7789: 7783: 7782: 7780: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7748: 7746: 7740: 7739: 7737: 7736: 7735: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7697:Gaelic warfare 7693: 7691: 7685: 7684: 7682: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7648: 7647: 7642: 7634: 7629: 7624: 7623: 7622: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7591: 7589: 7578: 7577: 7575: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7538: 7536: 7530: 7529: 7527: 7526: 7521: 7520: 7519: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7484: 7483: 7482: 7472: 7471: 7470: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7399: 7397: 7391: 7390: 7383: 7382: 7375: 7368: 7360: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7347: 7341: 7338: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7264: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7257: 7241: 7240: 7237: 7236: 7234: 7233: 7228: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7208: 7207: 7202: 7192: 7187: 7181: 7178: 7177: 7175: 7174: 7157: 7156: 7153: 7152: 7148: 7147: 7145: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7096:Edward Balliol 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6956:Constantine II 6953: 6948: 6941: 6934: 6927: 6920: 6913: 6905: 6903: 6901: 6900: 6895: 6884: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6783: 6778: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6748:Edgar Ætheling 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6665: 6658: 6650: 6647: 6646: 6643: 6637: 6630: 6629: 6613: 6612: 6605: 6598: 6590: 6581: 6580: 6578: 6577: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6557: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6464: 6459: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6290: 6288: 6280: 6279: 6277: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6055: 6053: 6045: 6044: 6037: 6036: 6029: 6022: 6014: 6008: 6007: 6002: 5995: 5994:External links 5992: 5991: 5990: 5980: 5953: 5947: 5927: 5920: 5914: 5898: 5893: 5877: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5859: 5847: 5840: 5818: 5799: 5773: 5744: 5718: 5689: 5663: 5637: 5611: 5585: 5559: 5533: 5507: 5481: 5455: 5429: 5403: 5377: 5354: 5328: 5302: 5276: 5274:, p. 181. 5261: 5259:, p. 107. 5249: 5223: 5197: 5188: 5162: 5149: 5123: 5110: 5084: 5071: 5045: 5019: 4993: 4973: 4947: 4934: 4908: 4892: 4867: 4854: 4828: 4815: 4789: 4764: 4738: 4712: 4699: 4673: 4660: 4634: 4616: 4590: 4577: 4552:His name is a 4545: 4519: 4506: 4480: 4463: 4437: 4424: 4398: 4385: 4359: 4333: 4320: 4294: 4268: 4255: 4246: 4220: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4198: 4197: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4108: 4102: 4096: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4078: 4071: 4064: 4056: 4053: 4052: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4029: 4023: 4020: 4019: 4016: 4015: 4012: 4011: 4006: 4001: 4000: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3978: 3973: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3965: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3943: 3938: 3937: 3934: 3933: 3930: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3908: 3903: 3902: 3899: 3898: 3895: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3868: 3863: 3862: 3859: 3858: 3855: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3842:Historiography 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3762: 3759: 3758: 3755: 3754: 3751: 3750: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3730:House of Bruce 3727: 3721: 3715: 3712:House of Moray 3709: 3706:House of Alpin 3702: 3697: 3696: 3693: 3692: 3688: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3671: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3650: 3644: 3643: 3642: 3626: 3625: 3622: 3621: 3618: 3617: 3603: 3602: 3593: 3592: 3585: 3516: 3513: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3413:House of Savoy 3409: 3408: 3401: 3386: 3366:Main article: 3363: 3360: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3298: 3291: 3284: 3273: 3266: 3259: 3233: 3232: 3225: 3218: 3190: 3183: 3169: 3168: 3161: 3151: 3144: 3137: 3130: 3116: 3115: 3105: 3094:Mary of Modena 3091:Eight children 3078: 3071: 3064: 3050: 3049: 3046: 3039: 3025: 3018: 3011: 2997: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2943: 2940: 2935:Main article: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2925: 2922: 2915: 2901: 2887: 2880: 2866: 2865: 2862: 2848: 2847:nine children 2830: 2821: 2814: 2800: 2799: 2796: 2782: 2764: 2757: 2750: 2736: 2735: 2728: 2714: 2704:, 4th Earl of 2676: 2669: 2662: 2648: 2647: 2644: 2635: 2621:1 January 1537 2610: 2601: 2594: 2580: 2579: 2576: 2571:Northumberland 2562: 2557:Holyrood Abbey 2554:Margaret Tudor 2551: 2544: 2537: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2510: 2505:Holyrood Abbey 2499: 2486: 2479: 2465: 2464: 2461: 2452: 2447:Holyrood Abbey 2441: 2437:Holyrood Abbey 2432: 2425: 2409: 2408: 2405: 2396: 2383: 2378:late July 1394 2376: 2369: 2355: 2354: 2351: 2350:aged about 69 2342: 2333: 2321: 2314: 2290: 2289: 2284: 2275: 2274:four children 2244:Elizabeth Mure 2241: 2239:Marjorie Bruce 2225: 2218: 2200: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2119: 2116: 2104: 2097: 2087:Edward Balliol 2081: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2038:Edward Balliol 2033: 2030: 2027: 2026: 2019: 2010: 1986: 1977: 1970: 1956: 1955: 1950: 1943: 1942:four children 1913: 1909:, Countess of 1893: 1886: 1868: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1843:Edward Balliol 1799: 1796: 1771:Main article: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1756: 1738: 1729: 1721: 1714: 1710:(Iain Balliol) 1695: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1642: 1639: 1613:Main article: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1603: 1600: 1587: 1565: 1551: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1494:Jedburgh Abbey 1486:three children 1473: 1471: 1455: 1454: 1451: 1441:Marie de Coucy 1424: 1422: 1406: 1405: 1404:four children 1391: 1380: 1364: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1342: 1326: 1325: 1324:four children 1316: 1311: 1295: 1294: 1287: 1282: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1255: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1228: 1223: 1221: 1205: 1204: 1197: 1192: 1185: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1149: 1144: 1136: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1062: 1055: 1040: 1024: 1023: 1012: 1005: 1000: 998:"the Red King" 993: 977: 976: 973: 970: 967: 964: 944:House of Moray 939: 936: 933: 932: 929: 924: 919: 915:"the Diseased" 910: 894: 893: 890: 887: 884: 881: 856: 853: 844: 843: 840: 833: 817: 816: 813: 806: 790: 789: 788:Son of Cuilén 786: 784: 768: 767: 764: 757: 741: 740: 738: 722: 721: 720:Son of Indulf 718: 711: 695: 694: 691: 689:"the Vehement" 684: 674:/ Dubh or Duff 667: 666: 663: 656: 640: 639: 636: 629: 613: 612: 609: 602: 591:Constantine II 586: 585: 582: 571: 564: 548: 547: 544: 542: 524: 523: 520: 513: 497: 496: 494: 478: 477: 474: 467: 451: 450: 447: 445: 429: 428: 421: 414: 407: 391: 390: 387: 384: 381: 359:House of Alpin 353:House of Alpin 332: 329: 327: 324: 323: 322: 319: 312: 310: 307: 300: 298: 295: 288: 286: 283: 276: 274: 271: 264: 262: 257: 250: 243:Main article: 240: 237: 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 134: 130: 129: 126: 122: 121: 116: 112: 111: 106: 102: 101: 97: 96: 93: 92: 89: 88: 77: 69: 68: 65: 64: 59: 51: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9258: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9183: 9181: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9157: 9152: 9148: 9147: 9143: 9129: 9126: 9124: 9121: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9096:Baptist Union 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9071: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9061: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9050: 9047: 9046: 9044: 9042: 9038: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8990: 8986: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8956: 8954: 8952: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8939: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8916: 8913: 8909: 8906: 8905: 8904: 8901: 8897: 8896:national flag 8894: 8893: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8878: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8774: 8770: 8769: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8744: 8742: 8740: 8736: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8723: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8667: 8666:North Sea oil 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8614: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8602: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8558: 8555: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8542:Lord Advocate 8540: 8538: 8535: 8532: 8528: 8524: 8520: 8517: 8514: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8501: 8499: 8497: 8493: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8466:Republicanism 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8435: 8432: 8431: 8430: 8427: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8414: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8401: 8398: 8397: 8396: 8393: 8389: 8386: 8385: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8350: 8348: 8346: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8324: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8272: 8269: 8268: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8208: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8196: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8164:Enlightenment 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8076: 8074: 8072: 8068: 8062: 8059: 8058: 8055: 8050: 8043: 8038: 8036: 8031: 8029: 8024: 8023: 8020: 8008: 8005: 8001: 7998: 7997: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7964: 7961: 7960: 7959: 7956: 7952: 7949: 7948: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7941:National flag 7939: 7938: 7936: 7934: 7930: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7867: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7840:Country dance 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7827: 7825: 7823: 7819: 7811: 7808: 7807: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7788: 7784: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7745: 7741: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7719: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7686: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7669: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7637: 7635: 7633: 7632:Privy Council 7630: 7628: 7625: 7621: 7618: 7617: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7592: 7590: 7588: 7583: 7579: 7573: 7572:Orange-Nassau 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7539: 7537: 7535: 7531: 7525: 7522: 7518: 7517:Darien scheme 7515: 7514: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7481: 7478: 7477: 7476: 7473: 7469: 7466: 7465: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7400: 7398: 7396: 7392: 7388: 7381: 7376: 7374: 7369: 7367: 7362: 7361: 7358: 7346: 7343: 7342: 7339: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7265: 7262: 7256: 7255: 7250: 7249: 7246: 7242: 7232: 7229: 7227: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7182: 7179: 7173: 7171: 7166: 7165: 7162: 7158: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7097: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7075: 7071: 7069: 7068:Alexander III 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6983: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6946: 6942: 6940: 6939: 6935: 6933: 6932: 6928: 6926: 6925: 6924:Constantine I 6921: 6919: 6918: 6914: 6912: 6911: 6907: 6906: 6904: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6893: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6882: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6805: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6788: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6776: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6749: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6712: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6670: 6666: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6657: 6656: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6648: 6644: 6641: 6640: 6635: 6631: 6626: 6622: 6618: 6611: 6606: 6604: 6599: 6597: 6592: 6591: 6588: 6574: 6570: 6565: 6564: 6561: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6469: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6457: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6445:Alexander III 6443: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6287: 6286:(traditional) 6281: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6079:Galan Erilich 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6051:(traditional) 6046: 6042: 6035: 6030: 6028: 6023: 6021: 6016: 6015: 6012: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5997: 5988: 5984: 5981: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5959: 5954: 5950: 5944: 5939: 5938: 5932: 5931:Oram, Richard 5928: 5925: 5921: 5917: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5896: 5890: 5886: 5882: 5881:Broun, Dauvit 5878: 5875: 5871: 5868: 5867: 5856: 5851: 5843: 5841:9780465000715 5837: 5832: 5831: 5822: 5815: 5811: 5808: 5803: 5787: 5783: 5777: 5761: 5757: 5751: 5749: 5732: 5728: 5722: 5706: 5702: 5696: 5694: 5677: 5673: 5667: 5651: 5647: 5641: 5625: 5621: 5615: 5599: 5595: 5589: 5573: 5569: 5563: 5547: 5543: 5537: 5521: 5517: 5511: 5495: 5491: 5485: 5469: 5465: 5459: 5443: 5439: 5433: 5417: 5413: 5407: 5391: 5387: 5381: 5374: 5373:0-431-05883-0 5370: 5366: 5365: 5358: 5342: 5338: 5332: 5316: 5312: 5306: 5290: 5286: 5280: 5273: 5268: 5266: 5258: 5253: 5237: 5233: 5227: 5211: 5207: 5201: 5192: 5176: 5172: 5166: 5159: 5153: 5137: 5133: 5127: 5120: 5114: 5098: 5094: 5088: 5081: 5080:Early Sources 5075: 5059: 5055: 5049: 5033: 5029: 5023: 5007: 5003: 4997: 4990: 4986: 4980: 4978: 4961: 4957: 4951: 4944: 4943:Early Sources 4938: 4922: 4918: 4912: 4905: 4899: 4897: 4881: 4877: 4871: 4864: 4858: 4842: 4838: 4832: 4826:, pp. 99–100. 4825: 4819: 4803: 4799: 4793: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4768: 4752: 4748: 4742: 4726: 4722: 4716: 4709: 4703: 4687: 4683: 4677: 4670: 4664: 4648: 4644: 4638: 4631: 4627: 4626: 4625:Duan Albanach 4620: 4604: 4600: 4594: 4587: 4581: 4574: 4569: 4565: 4564: 4563:Duan Albanach 4559: 4555: 4554:Gaelicisation 4549: 4533: 4529: 4523: 4516: 4510: 4494: 4490: 4484: 4477: 4473: 4467: 4451: 4447: 4441: 4434: 4428: 4412: 4408: 4402: 4395: 4389: 4373: 4369: 4363: 4347: 4343: 4337: 4330: 4324: 4308: 4304: 4298: 4282: 4278: 4272: 4265: 4259: 4250: 4234: 4230: 4224: 4217: 4211: 4207: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4180: 4175: 4169: 4163: 4159: 4153: 4149: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4077: 4072: 4070: 4065: 4063: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4054: 4051: 4041: 4040: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4024: 4018: 4017: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3984: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3976: 3971: 3970: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3944: 3941: 3936: 3935: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3909: 3906: 3901: 3900: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3869: 3866: 3861: 3860: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3802:Enlightenment 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3703: 3700: 3695: 3694: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3669: 3666: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3655: 3654: 3651: 3648: 3645: 3641: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3631: 3628: 3627: 3620: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3605: 3604: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3583: 3579: 3574: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3556: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3542:Old Testament 3536: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3439: 3437: 3433: 3428: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3406: 3402: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3375: 3374: 3369: 3359: 3356: 3352: 3347: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3316:Acts of Union 3311: 3304:Acts of Union 3297: 3292: 3286:1 August 1714 3285: 3277: 3274: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3240: 3239: 3235: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3191: 3188: 3184: 3176: 3175: 3171: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3139:30 April 1662 3138: 3135: 3131: 3123: 3122: 3118: 3117: 3111: 3106: 3099: 3095: 3086: 3082: 3079: 3072: 3069: 3065: 3057: 3056: 3052: 3051: 3040: 3033: 3029: 3026: 3019: 3016: 3012: 3004: 3003: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2960:Darien Scheme 2956: 2953: 2949: 2938: 2923: 2916: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2897: 2893: 2888: 2885: 2881: 2873: 2872: 2868: 2867: 2863: 2858: 2854: 2849: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2822: 2819: 2815: 2807: 2806: 2802: 2801: 2797: 2792: 2791:Hertfordshire 2788: 2784:27 March 1625 2783: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2765: 2758: 2755: 2751: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2724: 2720: 2715: 2707: 2703: 2702:James Hepburn 2693: 2689: 2682:24 April 1558 2680: 2677: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2628: 2627:Mary of Guise 2618: 2614: 2611: 2607: 2603:15 April 1512 2602: 2599: 2595: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2581: 2577: 2572: 2568: 2567:Flodden Field 2563: 2561:six children 2559:8 August 1503 2555: 2552: 2546:17 March 1473 2545: 2542: 2538: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2511: 2503: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2487: 2484: 2480: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454:3 August 1460 2453: 2445: 2442: 2438: 2433: 2430: 2426: 2416: 2415: 2411: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2397: 2391: 2387: 2386:Joan Beaufort 2384: 2377: 2374: 2370: 2362: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2337: 2334: 2322: 2319: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2302:the Lame King 2297: 2296: 2292: 2291: 2285: 2281: 2277:19 April 1390 2276: 2270: 2262: 2261: 2253: 2252: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2236: 2231: 2230:Paisley Abbey 2226: 2223: 2219: 2211: 2207: 2206: 2202: 2201: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2149: 2145: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2111: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2090: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2039: 2024: 2023:primogeniture 2020: 2016: 2011: 2003: 1994: 1990: 1987: 1983: 1978: 1975: 1971: 1963: 1962: 1958: 1957: 1951: 1944: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1891: 1887: 1879: 1875: 1874: 1870: 1869: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1805: 1795: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1780: 1774: 1757: 1755: 1754: 1750: 1739: 1733: 1730: 1722: 1719: 1715: 1706: 1702: 1701: 1697: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1648: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1622: 1616: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1576: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1553: 1552: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1516: 1495: 1491: 1481: 1477: 1462: 1461: 1460:Alexander III 1456: 1446: 1442: 1432: 1428: 1413: 1412: 1407: 1399: 1395: 1371: 1370: 1365: 1355:"Great Chief" 1333: 1332: 1327: 1320: 1302: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1273: 1272: 1267: 1260:"the Valiant" 1246: 1245: 1240: 1232: 1212: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1176: 1175: 1170: 1160: 1153: 1142:"Great Chief" 1127: 1126: 1121: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1097: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1086:primogeniture 1067: 1061:two children 1059: 1053:"the Foolish" 1031: 1030: 1025: 1022: 1017: 1009: 984: 983: 978: 974: 971: 968: 965: 954: 953: 950: 945: 917:or "the Sick" 913:An t-Ilgarach 901: 900: 895: 891: 888: 885: 882: 871: 870: 867: 862: 852: 849: 824: 823: 818: 797: 796: 791: 775: 774: 769: 748: 747: 742: 729: 728: 723: 702: 701: 696: 675: 673: 668: 647: 646: 641: 620: 619: 614: 604:An Midhaise, 593: 592: 587: 555: 554: 549: 533: 532: 531: 525: 504: 503: 498: 485: 484: 479: 458: 457: 456:Constantine I 452: 436: 435: 430: 426: 409:An Ferbasach, 398: 397: 392: 388: 385: 382: 371: 370: 367: 364: 360: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 316: 311: 304: 299: 292: 287: 280: 275: 268: 263: 260: 254: 249: 248: 246: 236: 234: 230: 226: 223:). Her uncle 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 201: 200:rex Scottorum 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 175: 172: 167: 163: 159: 158:head of state 155: 146: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 120: 117: 113: 110: 107: 103: 98: 94: 90: 84: 83: 75: 70: 66: 62: 57: 52: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 9059:Christianity 9049:Baháʼí Faith 8942:Demographics 8886:coat of arms 8856:Prostitution 8789:Universities 8771: 8747:Architecture 8707:Unemployment 8702:Silicon Glen 8662:Oil industry 8647:Harris Tweed 8537:Crown Office 8440: 8429:Armed forces 8407:Independence 8395:Human rights 8226:Conservation 8216:Central Belt 8134:Early modern 7980:Crown Jewels 7975:Royal Banner 7888:Early Modern 7870:Architecture 7787:Demographics 7666: 7645:Early Modern 7614: 7534:Royal Houses 7480:Commonwealth 7463:Jacobean era 7344: 7323:Elizabeth II 7251: 7167: 7094: 7072: 7063:Alexander II 6980: 6943: 6936: 6929: 6922: 6915: 6908: 6890: 6879: 6802: 6785: 6773: 6746: 6709: 6667: 6660: 6653: 6620: 6466: 6454: 6440:Alexander II 6283: 6139:Gartnait III 6040: 5986: 5983:Skene, W. F. 5968: 5964: 5936: 5923: 5905: 5884: 5873: 5864:Bibliography 5850: 5829: 5821: 5802: 5790:. Retrieved 5786:royal.gov.uk 5785: 5776: 5764:. Retrieved 5760:royal.gov.uk 5759: 5735:. Retrieved 5731:royal.gov.uk 5730: 5721: 5709:. Retrieved 5705:royal.gov.uk 5704: 5680:. Retrieved 5676:royal.gov.uk 5675: 5666: 5654:. Retrieved 5650:royal.gov.uk 5649: 5640: 5628:. Retrieved 5624:royal.gov.uk 5623: 5614: 5602:. Retrieved 5598:royal.gov.uk 5597: 5588: 5576:. Retrieved 5572:royal.gov.uk 5571: 5562: 5550:. Retrieved 5546:royal.gov.uk 5545: 5536: 5524:. Retrieved 5520:royal.gov.uk 5519: 5510: 5498:. Retrieved 5494:royal.gov.uk 5493: 5484: 5472:. Retrieved 5468:royal.gov.uk 5467: 5458: 5446:. Retrieved 5442:royal.gov.uk 5441: 5432: 5420:. Retrieved 5416:royal.gov.uk 5415: 5406: 5394:. Retrieved 5390:royal.gov.uk 5389: 5380: 5362: 5357: 5345:. Retrieved 5341:royal.gov.uk 5340: 5331: 5319:. Retrieved 5315:royal.gov.uk 5314: 5305: 5293:. Retrieved 5289:royal.gov.uk 5288: 5279: 5252: 5240:. 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Retrieved 4233:royal.gov.uk 4232: 4223: 4218:. pp. 71–97. 4215: 4210: 4168:Rex Pictorum 4152: 3982:Christianity 3872:Architecture 3742:Commonwealth 3698: 3675:Early Modern 3576: 3560: 3538: 3518: 3429: 3410: 3397: 3393: 3382: 3371: 3348: 3313: 3281:28 July 1683 3236: 3220:8 March 1702 3210:, Prince of 3172: 3119: 3053: 3038:No children 3000: 2989:Marriage(s) 2957: 2945: 2914:no children 2869: 2845:13 June 1625 2803: 2759:19 June 1566 2739: 2713:no children 2651: 2583: 2526: 2515:Sauchie Burn 2512:11 June 1488 2507:13 July 1469 2488:10 July 1451 2468: 2412: 2358: 2344:4 April 1406 2307: 2301: 2293: 2265:ten children 2257: 2248: 2227:2 March 1316 2209: 2203: 2192:Marriage(s) 2163: 2151: 2148:Clan Stewart 2110:John Balliol 2085: 2084: 2073:Marriage(s) 2043:John Balliol 2036: 2035: 2009:no children 1996:17 July 1328 1979:5 March 1324 1959: 1921:one daughter 1895:11 July 1274 1877: 1871: 1860:Marriage(s) 1814:Andrew Moray 1807: 1784:John Balliol 1782: 1740: 1704: 1700:John Balliol 1698: 1687:Marriage(s) 1661:John Balliol 1650: 1624: 1579:daughter of 1560: 1554: 1532: 1528:John Balliol 1518: 1499:no children 1480:York Minster 1458: 1435:21 June 1221 1431:York Minster 1411:Alexander II 1409: 1367: 1347:"the Maiden" 1329: 1298: 1293:no children 1285:"the Fierce" 1269: 1242: 1208: 1199: 1172: 1123: 1115:Marriage(s) 1082: 1057: 1027: 1018: 1011:no children 980: 972:Marriage(s) 947: 897: 889:Marriage(s) 864: 850: 847: 820: 793: 771: 744: 725: 698: 670: 643: 616: 589: 569:"the Madman" 566:Dásachtach, 551: 528: 527: 500: 481: 454: 432: 417:Rex Pictorum 394: 356: 194: 176: 153: 151: 78: 46:Monarchy of 40: 8617:Agriculture 8481:Nationalism 8400:LGBT rights 8303:Environment 8184:Romanticism 8139:Reformation 8129:Renaissance 8094:Middle Ages 8089:Roman times 8084:Prehistoric 7679:Covenanters 7636:Government 7492:Popish Plot 7487:Restoration 7475:Interregnum 7453:Reformation 7448:Renaissance 7413:Roman times 7408:Prehistoric 7328:Charles III 7313:Edward VIII 7043:Alexander I 7023:Malcolm III 6998:Kenneth III 6898:Elizabeth I 6860:Richard III 6420:Alexander I 6370:Kenneth III 6321:(uncertain) 6219:Talorgan II 6184:Nechtan III 6159:Gartnait IV 6124:Gartnait II 5272:Duncan 2002 3952:Rugby union 3807:Romanticism 3787:Restoration 3782:Reformation 3777:Renaissance 3653:Middle Ages 3630:Prehistoric 3597:History of 3390:Charles III 3036:14 May 1662 3020:29 May 1630 2912:14 May 1662 2896:Westminster 2889:29 May 1630 2857:Westminster 2711:15 May 1567 2696:9 July 1565 2694:, Edinburgh 2684:no children 2632:18 May 1538 2623:no children 2449:3 July 1449 2327: 1337 2210:the Stewart 2128:aged 83–84 2047:Great Cause 1998:no children 1954:(election) 1945:7 June 1329 1760:(election) 1727: 1249 1705:Toom Tabard 1635:arbitration 1530:succeeded. 1448:15 May 1239 1437:no children 1389:"the Rough" 1314:"the Saint" 1271:Alexander I 1140:("Canmore") 1125:Malcolm III 835:Forranach, 815:Son of Dub 795:Kenneth III 716:"the White" 611:Son of Áed 9180:Categories 9079:Moderators 9022:Scientists 8908:regimental 8851:Placenames 8846:Philosophy 8821:Literature 8451:Parliament 8383:Government 8353:Devolution 8336:Government 8293:Ecoregions 8283:Waterfalls 8159:Jacobitism 7985:Scots pine 7946:Union Flag 7923:Neoclassic 7878:Vernacular 7303:Edward VII 7293:William IV 7283:George III 7212:Charles II 7107:Robert III 7053:Malcolm IV 7028:Donald III 7003:Malcolm II 6988:Kenneth II 6870:Henry VIII 6830:Richard II 6825:Edward III 6759:William II 6732:Harthacnut 6549:William II 6534:Charles II 6489:Robert III 6430:Malcolm IV 6410:Donald III 6400:Donald III 6375:Malcolm II 6360:Kenneth II 6269:Bridei VII 6224:Drest VIII 6169:Bridei III 6154:Talorgan I 6149:Talorc III 6129:Nechtan II 6094:Gartnait I 5948:0752423258 5941:. Tempus. 5915:0748616268 5078:Anderson, 4941:Anderson, 4904:Chronicles 4863:Chronicles 4824:Chronicles 4781:Chronicles 4708:Chronicles 4669:Chronicles 4586:Chronicles 4515:Chronicles 4472:Chronicles 4394:Chronicles 4329:Chronicles 4264:Chronicles 4203:References 3912:Devolution 3892:Philosophy 3887:Literature 3847:Demography 3563:William II 3546:Sacraments 3529:Charles II 3379:James VIII 3318:were twin 3308:See also: 3208:William II 3182:1689–1702 3174:William II 3129:1689–1694 3085:The Strand 3063:1685–1688 3032:Portsmouth 3010:1660–1685 3002:Charles II 2964:Queen Anne 2908:Portsmouth 2879:1649–1651 2871:Charles II 2841:Canterbury 2813:1625–1649 2749:1567–1625 2661:1542–1567 2593:1513–1542 2536:1488–1513 2478:1460–1488 2424:1437–1460 2418:Fiery Face 2368:1406–1437 2313:1390–1406 2295:Robert III 2272:2 May 1355 2251:canonicity 2249:uncertain 2217:1371–1390 2171:Charles II 2142:See also: 1969:1329–1371 1885:1306–1329 1826:John Comyn 1804:Clan Bruce 1802:See also: 1777:See also: 1713:1292–1296 1645:See also: 1619:See also: 1564:1286–1290 1513:See also: 1470:1249–1286 1421:1214–1249 1382:"the Lion" 1379:1165–1214 1352:Cenn Mór, 1341:1153–1165 1331:Malcolm IV 1310:1124–1153 1281:1107–1124 1254:1097–1107 1190:"the Fair" 1184:1093–1097 1174:Donald III 1155:three sons 1135:1058–1093 1039:1057–1058 992:1040–1057 942:See also: 909:1034–1040 859:See also: 832:1005–1034 822:Malcolm II 746:Kenneth II 732:(Amhlaigh) 713:An Fionn, 541:878–889?* 515:Mac Rath, 335:See also: 308:William II 225:Charles II 217:Queen Anne 136:1 May 1707 9064:Christmas 9017:Musicians 9012:Inventors 8951:Languages 8927:Festivals 8767:Education 8692:Transport 8632:Companies 8627:Charities 8358:Elections 8246:Highlands 8199:Geography 7995:St Andrew 7903:Palladian 7855:Mythology 7744:Geography 7318:George VI 7288:George IV 7278:George II 7190:Charles I 7172:from 1603 7122:James III 7102:Robert II 7058:William I 7033:Duncan II 6961:Malcolm I 6951:Donald II 6875:Edward VI 6865:Henry VII 6850:Edward IV 6820:Edward II 6810:Henry III 6793:Richard I 6754:William I 6675:Æthelstan 6539:James VII 6529:Charles I 6504:James III 6484:Robert II 6405:Duncan II 6335:Malcolm I 6325:Donald II 6264:Ciniod II 6259:Bridei VI 6239:Óengus II 6189:Drest VII 6179:Bridei IV 6144:Bridei II 6104:Talorc II 6084:Drest III 6069:Nechtan I 5971:: 75–96. 5257:Oram 2002 4906:, p. 102. 4865:, p. 101. 4787:, p. 105. 4179:Donald II 4111:His Grace 4021:By region 3827:Education 3822:Economics 3535:in 1567: 3525:Charles I 3436:uncrowned 3246:1702–1707 3199:The Hague 3195:Binnenhof 3158:, England 3100:, England 3081:Anne Hyde 3055:James VII 3034:, England 2983:Portrait 2946:With the 2910:, England 2898:, England 2859:, England 2843:, England 2805:Charles I 2793:, England 2725:, England 2698:one child 2573:, England 2470:James III 2205:Robert II 2186:Portrait 2167:Charles I 2126:, England 2124:Doncaster 2092:1332–1356 2067:Portrait 1878:the Bruce 1854:Portrait 1822:William I 1681:Portrait 1672:England. 1653:William I 1637:in 1292. 1524:guardians 1482:, England 1433:, England 1369:William I 1210:Duncan II 1138:Cenn Mór 995:Rí Deircc 808:An Donn, 737:973–977¤ 705:(Cuilean) 618:Malcolm I 553:Donald II 363:pretender 141:Residence 133:Abolition 125:Formation 109:Kenneth I 9160:Category 9108:Hinduism 9054:Buddhism 9041:Religion 8871:Surnames 8811:Identity 8806:Hogmanay 8784:Colleges 8642:Forestry 8577:Udal law 8486:Unionism 8441:Monarchs 8345:Politics 8327:Politics 8261:Lowlands 8079:Timeline 8049:Scotland 7958:Heraldry 7913:Georgian 7908:Jacobean 7898:Churches 7883:Medieval 7860:Religion 7689:Military 7640:Medieval 7620:Guardian 7615:Monarchy 7582:Politics 7403:Timeline 7308:George V 7298:Victoria 7273:George I 7142:James VI 7127:James IV 7117:James II 7090:David II 7085:Robert I 7074:Margaret 7008:Duncan I 6917:Donald I 6855:Edward V 6845:Henry VI 6835:Henry IV 6815:Edward I 6781:Henry II 6680:Edmund I 6669:Ælfweard 6627:monarchs 6621:Scottish 6524:James VI 6509:James IV 6499:James II 6479:David II 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List of Scottish monarchs

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