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589:(who had inherited William's territory) on 25 July 1137. In this way, Louis VI sought to add the large, sprawling territory of the duchy of Aquitaine to his family's holdings in France. On 1 August 1137, shortly after the marriage, Louis VI died, and Louis became king. The pairing of the monkish Louis and the high-spirited Eleanor was doomed to failure; she reportedly once declared that she had thought to marry a king, only to find she had married a monk. There was a marked difference between the frosty, reserved culture of the northern court in the
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668:. At least 1,500 people who had sought refuge in the church died in the flames. Condemned by the ecclesiastical authorities, Louis removed his armies from Champagne and returned them to Theobald. He accepted Pierre de la Chatre as archbishop of Bourges and shunned Raoul and Petronilla. Desiring to atone for his sins, he declared his intention of mounting a crusade on Christmas Day 1145 at Bourges.
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49:
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decreasing likelihood that their marriage would produce a male heir to the throne of France. On 18 May 1152, Eleanor married the Count of Anjou, the future King Henry II of
England. She gave him the duchy of Aquitaine and bore him three daughters and five sons. Louis led an ineffective war against Henry for having married without the authorisation of his
772:
During the fighting the King Louis lost his small and famous royal guard, but he remained in good heart and nimbly and courageously scaled the side of the mountain by gripping the tree roots The enemy climbed after him, hoping to capture him, and the enemy in the distance continued to fire arrows at
890:
just 5 weeks later. To counterbalance the advantage this would give the king of France, Henry II had the marriage of their children (Henry "the Young King" and
Margaret) celebrated at once. Louis understood the danger of the growing Angevin power; however, through indecision and a lack of fiscal and
821:
found an exit clause, declaring that Louis and
Eleanor were too closely related for their marriage to be legal, thus the marriage was annulled on 21 March 1152. The pretext of kinship was the basis for annulment, but in fact, it owed more to the state of hostility between Louis and Eleanor, with a
1040:
disunity by making Henry's sons, rather than Henry himself, the feudal overlords of the
Angevin territories in France. But the rivalry among Henry's sons and Louis's own indecisiveness broke up the coalition (1173–1174) between them. Finally, in 1177, the pope intervened to bring the two kings to
816:
The expedition to the Holy Land came at a great cost to the royal treasury and military. It also precipitated a conflict with
Eleanor that led to the annulment of their marriage. Perhaps the marriage to Eleanor might have continued if the royal couple had produced a male heir, but this had not
1033:, whom he tried to reconcile with Henry II. Louis sided with Becket as much to damage Henry as out of piety—yet even he grew irritated with the stubbornness of the archbishop, asking when Becket refused Henry's conciliations, "Do you wish to be more than a Saint?"
704:
in 1144. In exchange for being recognised as Duke of
Normandy by Louis, Geoffrey surrendered half of the county of Vexin—a region vital to Norman security—to Louis. Considered a clever move by Louis at the time, it would later prove yet another step towards
1056:
in 1179, in the
Capetian tradition (Philip would in fact be the last king so crowned). Already stricken with paralysis, Louis himself could not be present at the ceremony. He died on 18 September 1180 in Paris and was buried the next day at
845:. By 1157, Henry II of England began to believe that Louis might never produce a male heir, and that the succession of France would consequently be left in question. Determined to secure a claim for his family, he sent his chancellor,
663:
decided to side with the pope in the dispute over
Bourges. The war lasted two years (1142–44) and ended with the occupation of Champagne by the royal army. Louis was personally involved in the assault and burning of the town of
546:. The early education of the young Louis anticipated an ecclesiastical career. As a result, he became well learned and exceptionally devout, but his life course changed decisively after the accidental death of his older brother
808:; this ended in disaster and the project was abandoned. Louis decided to leave the Holy Land, despite the protests of Eleanor, who still wanted to help her doomed uncle Raymond. Louis and the French army returned home in 1149.
826:. The result was a humiliation for the enemies of Henry and Eleanor, who saw their troops routed, their lands ravaged, and their property stolen. Louis reacted by coming down with a fever and returned to the Île-de-France.
450:
to the French throne and was crowned as his father's co-ruler. In 1137, he married
Eleanor of Aquitaine and shortly thereafter became sole king following his father's death. During his march, as part of the
899:, who had been attacked by Henry II: Louis entered into the city with a small escort, claiming to be visiting his sister, the countess. Henry declared that he could not attack the city while his
800:, and prevailed upon Louis to help Antioch against Aleppo. But Louis's interest lay in Jerusalem, and so he slipped out of Antioch in secret. He united with King Conrad III of Germany and King
1784:
Laszlovszky, Jozsef (2016). "Local
Tradition or European Patterns? The grave of Gertrude in the Pilis Cistercian Abbey". In Jaritz, Gerhard; Szende, Katalin (eds.).
518:. Later, Louis supported Henry and Eleanor's sons in their rebellion against their father to foment further disunity in the Angevin realms. His second marriage to
498:
Louis' marriage to Eleanor was annulled in 1152 after the couple had produced two daughters, but no male heir. Immediately after their annulment, Eleanor married
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should protect him from the arrows, and to prevent himself from being captured he defended the crag with his bloody sword, cutting off many heads and hands.
593:, where Louis had been raised, and the rich, free-wheeling court life of the Aquitaine with which Eleanor was familiar. Louis and Eleanor had two daughters,
1237:
deals considerably with Louis, seen through Eleanor's eyes and giving her side in their problematic relationship. Louis is one of the main characters in
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838:
745:
338:
2713:
764:, the Turks first bombarded the French with arrows and heavy stones, then swarmed down from the mountains and massacred them. The historian
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744:'s godfather. Relations between the kingdoms of France and Hungary remained cordial long after this time: decades later, Louis's daughter
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military resources in comparison to Henry II, he failed to oppose Angevin hegemony effectively. One of his few successes was a trip to
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in 1131, when Louis unexpectedly became the heir to the throne of France. In October 1131, his father had him anointed and crowned by
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562:, where he built a friendship with the abbot Suger, an advisor to his father who also served Louis during his early years as king.
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became vacant. The king supported the chancellor Cadurc as a candidate to fill the vacancy against the pope's nominee
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842:
343:
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Louis was devastated when Constance died in childbirth on 4 October 1160. As he was desperate for a son, he married
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1004:(on 29 August and 22 September 1162), Louis definitely gave himself up to the cause of Alexander III, who lived at
81:
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17:
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636:, swearing upon relics that so long as he lived, Pierre should never enter Bourges. The pope thus imposed an
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853:. Louis agreed to this proposal, and by the Treaty of Gisors (1158) betrothed the young pair, giving as a
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2703:
2016:
423:, one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in western Europe. The marriage temporarily extended the
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488:
31:
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467:, disagreements with Eleanor led to a deterioration in their marriage. She persuaded him to stay in
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Louis and his army finally reached the Holy Land in 1148. His queen Eleanor supported her uncle,
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656:
468:
416:
59:
752:. After receiving provisions from Géza, the armies continued the march to the East. Just beyond
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leaves Louis VII and Henry II in January 1169, illustration from c. 1220–1240, possibly by
1000:, the enemy of Frederick I, and after two comical failures of Frederick I to meet Louis at
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The Crisis of the Twelfth Century: Power, Lordship, and the Origins of European Government
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740:. Due to his good relationships with Louis, Géza II asked the French king to be his son
514:. Following Henry's accession as King Henry II of England, these territories formed the
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In the first part of his reign, Louis was vigorous and zealous in the exercise of his
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Foulet, Lucien (1922). "Chapter VIII: Literature". In Tilley, Arthur Augustus (ed.).
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from 1163 to 1165. In return for his loyal support, the pope bestowed upon Louis the
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Louis also tried to weaken Henry by supporting his rebellious sons, and encouraged
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1646:"Franks, Burgundians, and Aquitanians" and the Royal Coronation Ceremony in France
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1953:
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Walled Towns and the Shaping of France: From the Medieval to the Early Modern Era
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1093:
911:. The viscount was besieged by Louis at Nonette and the county was turned into a
837:. She also failed to supply him with a son and heir, bearing only two daughters,
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574:
555:
527:
487:, pushed for greater centralisation of the state and favoured the development of
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87:
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and eventually returned to France in 1149. Louis' reign saw the founding of the
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1599:
1586:
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More important for English history would be Louis's support for Thomas Becket,
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1835:
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1177:
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679:
608:. His accession was marked by no disturbances other than uprisings by the
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1606:. Vol. One, The First Hundred Years. University of Wisconsin Press.
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953: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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of France, to repudiate his wife, Theobald II's sister, and to marry
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1819:
The Past as Text: The Theory and Practice of Medieval Historiography
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to stop the Viscount of Polignac from attacking travelers through
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of Louis VII on two-sided royal seal. Legend: ET DVX AQVITANORVM.
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was inside, and went home. In 1169, Louis was petitioned by the
1738:
The Plantagenets: The Warrior Kings and Queens Who Made England
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858:
1403:
530:. Louis died in 1180 and was succeeded by his son, Philip II.
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989:
862:
854:
849:, to press for a marriage between Margaret and Henry's heir,
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to Jerusalem. He was later involved in the failed siege of
1716:
Women, Crusading and the Holy Land in Historical Narrative
1498:
1496:
1494:
1379:
760:, the French army was ambushed by Turks. In the resulting
48:
1786:
Medieval East Central Europe in a Comparative Perspective
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1828:
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Queen of France, Queen of England
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1523:
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Bardot, Michael L.; Marvin, Laurence W., eds. (2018).
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1479:
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1061:, which he had founded. His remains were moved to the
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1281:
1048:
In 1165, Louis's third wife bore him a son and heir,
712:
In June 1147, in fulfillment of his vow to mount the
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from 1137 to 1180. His first marriage was to Duchess
1683:
Dunbabin, Jean (2007). "Henry II and Louis VII". In
1520:
1508:
1449:
1430:
585:, Louis VI moved quickly to have his son married to
1704:
1565:
1476:
1328:
434:Louis was the second son of Louis VI of France and
1848:
1293:
686:and Louis VII of France. Image from the Hungarian
1709:. Translated by Napran, Laura. The Boydell Press.
522:also produced two daughters, but his third wife,
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1807:The Papacy, 1073–1198: Continuity and Innovation
30:"Louis VII" redirects here. For other uses, see
1792:
1700:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 275–329.
1409:
471:but Louis instead wanted to fulfil his vows of
1698:Medieval France: A Companion to French Studies
659:, sister of the queen of France. As a result,
2024:
1597:
1373:
438:, and was initially prepared for a career in
1610:
1263:
1114:(1158 – August/September 1197), married (1)
811:
442:. Following the death of his older brother,
1783:
1361:
672:assured its popularity by his preaching at
533:
455:in 1147, Louis stayed at the court of King
318:
2031:
2017:
1800:. Translated by Hunt, E. David. Routledge.
996:broke out in 1159, Louis took the side of
624:. He soon came into violent conflict with
538:Louis was born in 1120, the second son of
47:
1798:The Feudal Monarchy in France and England
1068:
969:Learn how and when to remove this message
643:Louis then became involved in a war with
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1682:
1670:
1628:
1502:
1470:
1287:
1275:
1073:Louis' children by his three marriages:
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872:Louis VII receiving clergymen (from the
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780:
678:
569:
1813:
1777:Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Four Kings
1762:
1713:
1634:The Capetians: Kings of France 987–1328
1581:
1541:
1443:
1385:
1349:
1196:Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
1171:
1127:(4 October 1160 – c. 1220), engaged to
732:, where they were welcomed by the king
716:, Louis and his queen set out from the
411:) to differentiate him from his father
300:
14:
2714:Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis
2666:
2038:
1846:
1834:
1825:
1695:
1648:. The American Philosophical Society.
1619:
1553:
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1334:
339:Margaret, Queen of England and Hungary
274:
76:1 August 1137 – 18 September 1180
2012:
1861:
1774:
1732:
1640:
1529:
1514:
1485:
1322:
1299:
245:
2652:Debatable or disputed rulers are in
951:adding citations to reliable sources
922:
736:, who was already waiting with King
237:
27:King of the Franks from 1137 to 1180
399:(1120 – 18 September 1180), called
24:
1585:(2005). "Chrétien in History". In
25:
2735:
1855:. University of California Press.
1842:. University of California Press.
1821:. Johns Hopkins University Press.
1591:A Companion to Chrétien de Troyes
992:, in southeastern France. When a
138:25 July 1137 – 21 March 1152
2689:Christians of the Second Crusade
1589:; Grimbert, Joan Tasker (eds.).
1219:When Christ and His Saints Slept
1155:(1171 – after 1204), married 1)
1087:(1145 – 11 March 1198), married
927:
748:was taken as wife by Géza's son
558:. He spent much of his youth in
241:
938:needs additional citations for
483:. He and his counsellor, Abbot
296:
270:
233:
53:Effigy of Louis VII on his seal
1676:France in the Making, 943–1180
861:and the surrounding county of
565:
491:, notably the construction of
273: 1154; died
186:18 September 1180 (aged 59–60)
13:
1:
1809:. Cambridge University Press.
1805:Robinson, Ian Stuart (1996).
1770:. Cambridge University Press.
1689:Henry II: New Interpretations
1624:. Princeton University Press.
1248:
1133:William IV, Count of Ponthieu
879:
773:him. But God willed that his
2684:12th-century kings of France
1705:Gislebertus of Mons (2005).
1687:; Vincent, Nicholas (eds.).
1194:, who was nominated for the
918:
897:Raymond V, Count of Toulouse
875:Grandes Chroniques de France
700:, completed his conquest of
581:Following the death of Duke
329:Marie, Countess of Champagne
7:
1779:. Harvard University Press.
1198:. He was also portrayed by
1052:. Louis had him crowned at
792:(15th-century illustration)
728:. Soon they arrived in the
10:
2740:
1678:. Oxford University Press.
1620:Bisson, Thomas N. (2009).
1574:
1096:(1151–1197/1198), married
698:Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou
489:French Gothic architecture
32:Louis VII (disambiguation)
29:
2724:Jure uxoris officeholders
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2198:
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1990:
1974:
1959:
1952:
1942:
1914:
1906:
1901:
1874:
1826:Turner, Ralph V. (2009).
1714:Hodgson, Natasha (2007).
1604:A History of the Crusades
1376:, pp. 499, 624, 634.
1374:Baldwin & Setton 1969
817:occurred. The Council of
812:A shift in the status quo
724:on the overland route to
620:, who wished to organise
463:. During his stay in the
384:
374:
362:
349:Philip II, King of France
311:
210:
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182:
174:
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152:
142:
134:
118:
108:
98:
80:
72:
58:
46:
41:
1830:. Yale University Press.
1794:Petit-Dutaillis, Charles
1775:Kelly, Amy Ruth (1991).
1685:Harper-Bill, Christopher
1566:Gislebertus of Mons 2005
1264:Bardot & Marvin 2018
1176:Louis is a character in
1031:Archbishop of Canterbury
802:Baldwin III of Jerusalem
645:Theobald II of Champagne
630:archbishopric of Bourges
534:Early life and education
446:, in 1131, Louis became
354:Agnes, Byzantine Empress
2065:List of French monarchs
1862:Wolfe, Michael (2009).
1847:—— (1978).
1613:Louis VII and his World
1149:(22 August 1165 – 1223)
1063:Basilica of Saint-Denis
829:In 1154, Louis married
788:welcoming Louis VII in
718:Basilica of Saint-Denis
657:Petronilla of Aquitaine
526:, gave birth to a son,
510:, to whom she conveyed
344:Alys, Countess of Vexin
334:Alix, Countess of Blois
2571:(1814–1815; 1815–1830)
2060:List of Frankish kings
2055:Simplified family tree
1642:Brown, Elizabeth A. R.
1636:. Hambledon Continuum.
1598:Baldwin, Marshall W.;
1190:, he was portrayed by
1069:Marriages and children
1026:
883:
835:Alfonso VII of Castile
793:
779:
762:battle of Mount Cadmus
693:
583:William X of Aquitaine
578:
408:
1866:. Palgrave Macmillan.
1836:Warren, Wilfred Lewis
1815:Spiegel, Gabrielle M.
1163:(1183–1185), then 3)
1161:Andronicus I Comnenus
1018:
871:
784:
770:
738:Conrad III of Germany
682:
649:Raoul I of Vermandois
573:
544:Adelaide of Maurienne
436:Adelaide of Maurienne
389:Adelaide of Maurienne
2050:Detailed family tree
1876:Louis VII of France
1707:Chronicle of Hainaut
1691:. The Boydell Press.
1410:Petit-Dutaillis 1999
1235:Eleanor of Aquitaine
1188:1964 film adaptation
1172:Fictional portrayals
1129:Richard I of England
1116:Henry the Young King
1105:Constance of Castile
1089:Henry I of Champagne
1078:Eleanor of Aquitaine
988:press his claims to
947:improve this article
851:Henry the Young King
831:Constance of Castile
768:gives this account:
720:, first stopping in
670:Bernard of Clairvaux
628:, however, when the
587:Eleanor of Aquitaine
520:Constance of Castile
421:Eleanor of Aquitaine
259:Constance of Castile
222:Eleanor of Aquitaine
204:Saint-Denis Basilica
2486:Henry VI of England
1764:Kaeuper, Richard W.
1388:, pp. 131–134.
1212:. He has a role in
1157:Alexius II Comnenus
1120:Béla III of Hungary
1098:Theobald V of Blois
1002:Saint-Jean-de-Losne
857:the Norman city of
833:, daughter of King
798:Raymond of Poitiers
786:Raymond of Poitiers
750:Béla III of Hungary
634:Pierre de la Chatre
493:Notre-Dame de Paris
481:University of Paris
2709:Counts of Poitiers
2704:Dukes of Aquitaine
2633:House of Bonaparte
2543:House of Bonaparte
2473:House of Lancaster
2039:Monarchs of France
1600:Setton, Kenneth M.
1239:Elizabeth Chadwick
1229:The early part of
1147:Philip II Augustus
1140:Adela of Champagne
1027:
998:Pope Alexander III
983:Holy Roman Emperor
888:Adela of Champagne
884:
794:
734:Géza II of Hungary
730:Kingdom of Hungary
694:
684:Géza II of Hungary
579:
540:Louis VI of France
524:Adela of Champagne
457:Géza II of Hungary
379:Louis VI of France
288:Adela of Champagne
91:25 December 1137,
60:King of the Franks
2661:
2660:
2622:Louis Philippe II
2545:(1804–1814; 1815)
2007:
2006:
2003:
1991:Succeeded by
1977:Duke of Aquitaine
1972:
1943:Succeeded by
1896:18 September 1180
1768:Medieval Chivalry
1747:978-0-670-02665-4
1725:978-1-84383-332-1
1655:978-0-871-69827-8
1473:, pp. 53–54.
1325:, pp. 31–33.
1214:Sharon Kay Penman
1209:The Devil's Crown
1043:Vitry-en-Perthois
981:Louis' reign saw
979:
978:
971:
806:siege to Damascus
696:In the meantime,
666:Vitry-en-Perthois
394:
393:
120:Duke of Aquitaine
86:25 October 1131,
16:(Redirected from
2731:
2699:Dukes of Gascony
2616:Louis Philippe I
2607:House of Orléans
2569:House of Bourbon
2497:House of Bourbon
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2026:
2019:
2010:
2009:
1997:
1966:
1960:Preceded by
1907:Preceded by
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1854:
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1822:
1810:
1801:
1789:
1780:
1771:
1759:
1740:. Viking Press.
1729:
1710:
1701:
1692:
1679:
1667:
1637:
1625:
1616:
1607:
1594:
1583:Baldwin, John W.
1569:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1489:
1483:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1447:
1441:
1428:
1422:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1362:Laszlovszky 2016
1359:
1353:
1347:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1243:The Summer Queen
1206:TV drama series
1159:(1180–1183), 2)
974:
967:
963:
960:
954:
931:
923:
905:bishop of Le Puy
881:
689:Chronicon Pictum
676:on Easter 1146.
626:Pope Innocent II
575:Equestrian image
552:Pope Innocent II
504:Duke of Normandy
322:
304:
302:
298:
278:
276:
272:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
163:
51:
39:
38:
21:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2646:
2627:
2601:
2563:
2537:
2491:
2466:
2393:House of Valois
2387:
2298:
2259:Charles the Fat
2218:Pepin the Short
2203:
2194:
2070:
2069:
2040:
2037:
1996:
1982:
1980:
1965:
1954:French nobility
1948:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1912:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1748:
1726:
1656:
1602:, eds. (1969).
1587:Lacy, Norris J.
1577:
1572:
1564:
1560:
1552:
1548:
1540:
1536:
1528:
1521:
1517:, pp. 7–8.
1513:
1509:
1501:
1492:
1484:
1477:
1469:
1465:
1457:
1450:
1442:
1431:
1423:
1416:
1408:
1404:
1396:
1392:
1384:
1380:
1372:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1321:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1286:
1282:
1274:
1270:
1262:
1255:
1251:
1233:' biography of
1174:
1165:Theodore Branas
1071:
975:
964:
958:
955:
944:
932:
921:
895:in 1159 to aid
814:
640:upon the king.
568:
556:Reims Cathedral
536:
528:Philip Augustus
358:
316:
315:
307:
306:
294:
290:
280:
268:
264:
261:
251:
231:
227:
224:
206:
187:
161:
130:
90:
68:
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2737:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2694:House of Capet
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2659:
2658:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2481:
2479:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2396:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2304:House of Capet
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2165:Childebert III
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2013:
2005:
2004:
1992:
1989:
1973:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1941:
1917:King of France
1913:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1902:Regnal titles
1899:
1898:
1881:House of Capet
1878:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1832:
1823:
1811:
1802:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1760:
1746:
1730:
1724:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1680:
1672:Dunbabin, Jean
1668:
1654:
1638:
1626:
1617:
1608:
1595:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1558:
1556:, p. 222.
1546:
1544:, p. 121.
1534:
1532:, p. 126.
1519:
1507:
1505:, p. 168.
1490:
1475:
1463:
1448:
1429:
1427:, p. 294.
1414:
1412:, p. 107.
1402:
1400:, p. 289.
1390:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1352:, p. 202.
1339:
1327:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1278:, p. 383.
1268:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1150:
1136:
1135:
1131:; she married
1122:
1101:
1100:
1091:
1070:
1067:
977:
976:
959:September 2016
935:
933:
926:
920:
917:
813:
810:
714:Second Crusade
647:by permitting
567:
564:
535:
532:
516:Angevin Empire
508:Count of Anjou
459:on the way to
453:Second Crusade
417:King of France
392:
391:
386:
382:
381:
376:
372:
371:
366:
360:
359:
357:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
325:
323:
309:
308:
292:
286:
285:
284:
283:
266:
262:
257:
256:
255:
254:
229:
225:
220:
219:
218:
217:
214:
212:
208:
207:
202:, then (1817)
198:
196:
192:
191:
184:
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
168:
167:
164:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
122:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
84:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
62:
56:
55:
52:
44:
43:
26:
18:King Louis VII
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2736:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2190:Childeric III
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2155:Theuderic III
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Childebert II
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2002:
2001:
2000:as sole ruler
1995:
1988:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1971:
1970:
1969:as sole ruler
1964:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1873:
1865:
1860:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1630:Bradbury, Jim
1627:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1568:, p. 52.
1567:
1562:
1555:
1550:
1543:
1538:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1516:
1511:
1504:
1503:Bradbury 2007
1499:
1497:
1495:
1488:, p. 20.
1487:
1482:
1480:
1472:
1471:Dunbabin 2007
1467:
1461:, p. 26.
1460:
1455:
1453:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1411:
1406:
1399:
1394:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1370:
1364:, p. 84.
1363:
1358:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1337:, p. 47.
1336:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1302:, p. 43.
1301:
1296:
1290:, p. 22.
1289:
1288:Robinson 1996
1284:
1277:
1276:Dunbabin 1985
1272:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1253:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1226:
1225:Devil's Brood
1221:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1180:'s 1959 play
1179:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1074:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1059:Barbeau Abbey
1055:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1025:
1024:Matthew Paris
1021:
1020:Thomas Becket
1017:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
984:
973:
970:
962:
952:
948:
942:
941:
936:This section
934:
930:
925:
924:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
889:
877:
876:
870:
866:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
847:Thomas Becket
844:
840:
836:
832:
827:
825:
820:
809:
807:
803:
799:
791:
787:
783:
778:
776:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
710:
708:
703:
699:
691:
690:
685:
681:
677:
675:
671:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
641:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
602:
600:
596:
592:
591:Île-de-France
588:
584:
576:
572:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
448:heir apparent
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
427:lands to the
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
390:
387:
383:
380:
377:
373:
370:
367:
365:
361:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
326:
324:
321:
320:
314:
310:
289:
282:
281:
260:
253:
252:
223:
216:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
200:Barbeau Abbey
197:
193:
190:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
159:
155:
151:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
128:
127:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
89:
85:
83:
79:
75:
71:
66:
61:
57:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2653:
2642:Napoleon III
2620:
2594:
2587:
2556:
2530:
2484:
2476:
2471:
2432:Charles VIII
2337:
2200:Carolingians
2185:Theuderic IV
2175:Chilperic II
2170:Dagobert III
2150:Childeric II
2145:Chlothar III
2090:Childebert I
2076:Merovingians
1999:
1998:
1983:
1975:
1968:
1967:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1915:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1863:
1850:
1839:
1827:
1818:
1806:
1797:
1788:. Routledge.
1785:
1776:
1767:
1737:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1675:
1645:
1633:
1621:
1612:
1603:
1593:. DS Brewer.
1590:
1561:
1549:
1542:Spiegel 1997
1537:
1510:
1466:
1446:, p. 9.
1444:Baldwin 2005
1405:
1393:
1386:Hodgson 2007
1381:
1369:
1357:
1350:Kaeuper 2016
1330:
1295:
1283:
1271:
1266:, p. 2.
1242:
1223:
1217:
1207:
1202:in the 1978
1192:John Gielgud
1181:
1178:Jean Anouilh
1175:
1137:
1102:
1075:
1072:
1047:
1035:
1028:
994:papal schism
980:
965:
956:
945:Please help
940:verification
937:
885:
873:
828:
815:
795:
771:
766:Odo of Deuil
711:
695:
687:
642:
606:prerogatives
603:
580:
537:
497:
433:
404:
400:
396:
395:
317:
162:Serving with
124:
36:
2679:1180 deaths
2674:1120 births
2635:(1852–1870)
2609:(1830–1848)
2578:Louis XVIII
2558:Napoleon II
2499:(1589–1792)
2477:(1422–1453)
2422:Charles VII
2395:(1328–1589)
2269:Charles III
2254:Carloman II
2230:(Charles I)
2228:Charlemagne
2180:Chlothar IV
2135:Sigebert II
2125:Chlothar II
2110:Chilperic I
2100:Charibert I
1939:(1179–1180)
1930:(1131–1137)
1718:. Boydell.
1554:Warren 1977
1459:Warren 1978
1425:Bisson 2009
1398:Foulet 1922
1335:Turner 2009
1231:Norah Lofts
1200:Charles Kay
1118:; (2) King
1038:Plantagenet
1010:Golden Rose
986:Frederick I
566:Early reign
560:Saint-Denis
401:the Younger
143:Predecessor
126:jure uxoris
99:Predecessor
2668:Categories
2552:Napoleon I
2532:Louis XVII
2511:Louis XIII
2457:Charles IX
2452:Francis II
2417:Charles VI
2383:Charles IV
2358:Philip III
2348:Louis VIII
2313:Hugh Capet
2306:(987–1328)
2239:Charles II
2223:Carloman I
2205:Robertians
2130:Dagobert I
2115:Sigebert I
2095:Chlothar I
1734:Jones, Dan
1530:Kelly 1991
1515:Kelly 1991
1486:Wolfe 2009
1323:Jones 2012
1300:Brown 1992
1249:References
1216:'s novels
901:liege lord
882:1375–1379)
473:pilgrimage
440:the Church
240:;
82:Coronation
2719:Annulment
2589:Louis XIX
2583:Charles X
2526:Louis XVI
2516:Louis XIV
2462:Henry III
2442:Francis I
2437:Louis XII
2412:Charles V
2402:Philip VI
2363:Philip IV
2343:Philip II
2338:Louis VII
2318:Robert II
2249:Louis III
2211:(751–987)
2160:Clovis IV
2140:Clovis II
2078:(509–751)
1981:1137–1152
1946:Philip II
1935:Philip II
1921:1131–1180
1851:King John
1756:27144084M
1241:'s novel
1186:. In the
1065:in 1817.
1041:terms at
919:Diplomacy
819:Beaugency
661:Champagne
653:seneschal
638:interdict
610:burgesses
512:Aquitaine
465:Holy Land
461:Jerusalem
407:(French:
405:the Young
397:Louis VII
153:Successor
113:Philip II
109:Successor
42:Louis VII
2521:Louis XV
2506:Henry IV
2447:Henry II
2427:Louis XI
2378:Philip V
2353:Louis IX
2333:Louis VI
2328:Philip I
2284:Louis IV
2274:Robert I
2244:Louis II
2209:Bosonids
2085:Clovis I
1926:Louis VI
1910:Louis VI
1840:Henry II
1838:(1977).
1817:(1997).
1796:(1999).
1766:(2016).
1736:(2012).
1674:(1985).
1664:1748828M
1644:(1992).
1632:(2007).
1615:. Brill.
1112:Margaret
909:Auvergne
893:Toulouse
839:Margaret
824:suzerain
754:Laodicea
746:Margaret
702:Normandy
622:communes
618:Poitiers
477:Damascus
429:Pyrenees
425:Capetian
413:Louis VI
409:le Jeune
103:Louis VI
2654:italics
2596:Henry V
2407:John II
2368:Louis X
2323:Henry I
2294:Louis V
2289:Lothair
2279:Rudolph
2234:Louis I
2105:Guntram
1994:Eleanor
1986:Eleanor
1963:Eleanor
1575:Sources
804:to lay
790:Antioch
775:cuirass
742:Stephen
707:Angevin
674:Vezelay
614:Orléans
469:Antioch
305:
293:
279:
267:
263:
250:
230:
226:
211:Spouses
166:Eleanor
156:Eleanor
147:Eleanor
93:Bourges
65:more...
2373:John I
1892:
1754:
1744:
1722:
1662:
1652:
1183:Becket
1167:(1204)
1050:Philip
913:prévôt
859:Gisors
709:rule.
692:(1358)
651:, the
548:Philip
444:Philip
415:, was
385:Mother
375:Father
319:Detail
299:
244:
236:
195:Burial
1984:with
1924:with
1894:Died:
1887:Born:
1153:Agnes
1138:With
1103:With
1085:Marie
1076:With
1054:Reims
990:Arles
863:Vexin
855:dowry
758:Honaz
726:Syria
595:Marie
500:Henry
485:Suger
369:Capet
364:House
313:Issue
303:)
295:(
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265:
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189:Paris
135:Reign
88:Reims
73:Reign
2207:and
1889:1120
1742:ISBN
1720:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1222:and
1125:Alys
1094:Alix
1006:Sens
843:Alys
841:and
722:Metz
616:and
599:Alix
597:and
542:and
506:and
301:1160
275:1160
246:1152
242:ann.
238:1137
183:Died
178:1120
175:Born
2264:Odo
1204:BBC
949:by
756:at
612:of
554:in
495:.
431:.
403:or
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1750:.
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1658:.
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1493:^
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1451:^
1432:^
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