958:". In this story, each blind man felt a different part of an elephant (trunk, leg, ear, etc.). All the men claimed to understand and explain the true appearance of the elephant, but could only partly succeed, due to their limited perspectives. This principle is more formally stated by observing that objects are infinite in their qualities and modes of existence, so they cannot be completely grasped in all aspects and manifestations by finite human perception. According to the Jains, only the
42:
3031:
581:
1869:
657:
Kevala jnana is believed to be an intrinsic quality of all souls. This quality is masked by karmic particles that surround the soul. Every soul has the potential to obtain omniscience by shedding off these karmic particles. Jain scriptures speak of twelve stages through which the soul achieves this
852:), must be perceivable directly by someone; like the fire on the hill is an object of inference for a distant person but is perceived directly by the one who is in its proximity. The one who perceives directly the objects of knowledge that are minute, past, and distant is the Omniscient (
986:) of spiritual development. The soul can gradually free itself, firstly from the worst, then from the less bad and finally from all kinds of karma, and manifests the innate qualities of knowledge, belief, and conduct in a more and more perfect form. The first four
745:), the ideas, the thoughts of their minds, the food, doings, desires, the open and secret deeds of all the living beings in the whole world; he the Arhat (Arihant), for whom there is no secret, knew and saw all conditions of all living beings in the world.:
741:), he was a Kevali, omniscient and comprehending all objects; he knew and saw all conditions of the world, of gods, men, and demons: whence they come, whither they go, whether they are born as men or animals or become gods or hell-beings (
962:—omniscient beings—can comprehend objects in all aspects and manifestations; others are only capable of partial knowledge. Consequently, no single, specific, human view can claim to represent
828:) wrote that humans already had knowledge of everything knowable. It only had to be illuminated or uncovered. Omniscience was, according to Haribhadra, inherent to living beings.
834:
was the first philosopher-monk in the history of Indian philosophy who tried to use inference as a method to establish the existence of omniscience In his famous work,
880:
as a reason for the existence of omniscience. This concept is a well-known fact which is "we have no valid methods of knowing to deny the existence of omniscience".
687:
has normal human needs and he travels and preaches too. Digambara Jains believe that they do not act in the normal sense of the word, that they sit motionless in
668:). According to the Jains, only kevalins can comprehend objects in all aspects and manifestations; others are only capable of partial knowledge.
814:
had the authority to define human moral values since they were "beginningless, authorless and of self-sufficient validity". In response, the
994:. Stages 5 to 14 relate to conduct. The purity in conduct determines the gunasthana from 5th stage onwards. Those who have taken the
990:
are related to belief or rationality in perception. If and when the soul acquires rationality in perception, it moves on to the 4th
725:
text of the
Svetambara school, elaborates the concept as all-knowing and provides details of his other qualities. Another text, the
1858:
3010:
998:{minor vows} may reach up to the 5th Gunasthana. The 6th to 14th Gunasthanas can only be attained by those who have taken the
1810:
1790:
1770:
1731:
1711:
1653:
1633:
844:
Objects that are minute (like atoms), past (like Lord Rama), and distant (like Mount Meru), being the objects of inference (
3059:
3015:
695:
a sacred sound which is interpreted by their followers as the fundamental truth. According to both traditions, the last
2969:
1828:
1749:
1691:
1673:
1612:
1534:
721:
The claim of existence of omniscience by Jains, who deny the existence of a creator god, is a unique phenomenon. The
611:
565:
66:
392:
2964:
683:. According to Digambaras, a kevalin does not experience hunger or thirst, whereas according to Svetambaras, a
2933:
3000:
2715:
2395:
1851:
757:. As per the tradition, the teachings of the tirthankara were memorized and preserved over many centuries.
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2755:
2849:
2615:
1982:
2710:
2084:
963:
955:
831:
427:
345:
317:
2649:
2272:
1977:
1098:
The stage of complete self-discipline, although sometimes brought into wavering through negligence
560:
2064:
1300:"Interpreting the Divyadhvani: On Why the Digambara Sect Is Right about the Nature of the Kevalin"
146:
2928:
2548:
1844:
713:. It is also believed that no one after Jambuswami will have the ability to obtain kevala jnana.
2627:
2585:
2530:
467:
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The stage of one who practices anivratti karana; however, the passions are still occurring
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2700:
2260:
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The stage of one who has suppressed every passion but still does not possess omniscience
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The stage of who has annihilated every passion but does not yet possess omniscience
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91:
2345:
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2452:
2218:
1323:
1214:
722:
706:
280:
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210:
51:
2335:
856:); this way the existence of the Omniscient is truly and firmly established.
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2869:
2859:
2467:
2378:
2373:
2360:
2310:
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2240:
1943:
1933:
1529:. Volume 2 of 12. Morrisville, North Carolina: Lulu.com. pp. 590–591.
1005:
950:
555:
285:
255:
116:
86:
2049:
1315:
1124:
The stage of one in whom the passions are still occurring in a gross form
2898:
2472:
2340:
2171:
2156:
2138:
2118:
2101:
1955:
1888:
917:
In Jain epistemology, there are two kinds of valid methods of knowledge:
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799:
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327:
275:
131:
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1989:
982:
975:
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710:
654:
and is roughly translated as complete understanding or supreme wisdom.
477:
472:
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186:
141:
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41:
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2123:
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1072:
The stage of one who has true belief but has not yet self-discipline
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2038:
2009:
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651:
33:
937:
acquired through understanding of verbal and written sentences;
699:
was a disciple of one of the eleven chief disciples of the last
2923:
2421:
2161:
2028:
1994:
773:
462:
121:
2558:
2535:
2004:
1150:
The stage of one in whom the passions occur in a subtle form
1868:
1645:
Studies in Jaina
History and Culture: Disputes and Dialogues
948:
Jains contrast all attempts to proclaim absolute truth with
811:
781:
1823:(in Sanskrit and English), Lanham, MD: Rowman Altamira,
1046:
The stage of one who has a slight taste of right belief
658:
goal. A soul who has attained kevala jnana is called a
749:
Immediately after the death of
Mahavira, his disciple
1008:. Following are the stages of spiritual development:
954:, which can be explained through the parable of the "
780:
king. In this dialogue, Kesi proves the existence of
980:
According to Jain texts, there are fourteen stages (
925:
or "indirect knowledge". Kevala-jñana is considered
784:
and its ability to obtain kevala jñana to the king.
1604:Ācārya Samantabhadra's Aptamimamsa (Devāgamastotra)
1543:
1821:Tattvārtha Sūtra: That Which Is of Vācaka Umāsvāti
1458:
969:
768:, there is a dialogue between Kesi, a disciple of
895:) combined Samantabhadra and Akalanka's ideas of
802:criticized the Jain notion of omniscience in his
733:When the Venerable Ascetic Mahavira had become a
3046:
1742:Karma, The Mechanism : Create Your Own Fate
929:. Five ways of obtaining knowledge are defined:
1202:The stage of omniscience without any activity
848:– and, therefore, also objects of knowledge –
663:
1852:
1362:
1111:The stage of self-control without negligence
605:
1744:. Wunstorf, Germany: Crosswind Publishing.
903:to establish the existence of omniscience.
1859:
1845:
729:, gives details of Mahavira's omniscience
612:
598:
1661:
1512:
1665:Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation
1866:
1189:The stage of omniscience with activity
3047:
1802:A critical survey of Indian philosophy
1798:
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1621:
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1416:
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1699:
1681:
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1380:
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1273:
1261:
1249:
933:acquired through sensory perception;
1785:, vol. 1, Motilal Banarsidass,
1778:
1739:
1723:Collected Papers On Buddhist Studies
1600:
1561:
1464:
1404:
1392:
1344:
906:
878:suniscita-asambhavad-badhaka-pramana
876:–760 CE) put forward the concept of
716:
671:The views of two sects of Jainism,
13:
1686:, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass,
1085:The stage of partial self-control
787:The Jains have a long debate with
14:
3071:
1703:Collected Papers On Jaina Studies
1159:upasana kasaya vitaraga chadmasta
3029:
1867:
1782:Jainism: The World of Conquerors
1601:Jain, Vijay K (1 January 2016).
579:
40:
1662:Glasenapp, Helmuth Von (1999),
1579:
1567:
1555:
1506:
1494:
1482:
1470:
1446:
1434:
1422:
1410:
1398:
1386:
1374:
970:Stages of spiritual development
679:Jains differ on the subject of
2965:List of Digambar Jain ascetics
1684:The Jaina Path of Purification
1668:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass,
1350:
1338:
1291:
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1267:
1255:
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1231:
1172:ksina kasay vitaraga chadmasta
1:
1594:
885:
870:
822:
691:, and that their bodies emit
1720:Jaini, Padmanabh S. (2001),
1033:The stage of wrong believer
7:
3060:Jain philosophical concepts
2050:
1799:Sharma, Candradhar (1991),
1700:Jaini, Padmanabh S (2000),
1208:
421:Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara)
197:Aparigraha (non-possession)
10:
3076:
1298:Kabay, Paul (9 May 2013).
1133:annivrtti badara samparaya
1059:The stage of mixed belief
973:
921:or "direct knowledge" and
910:
709:; his name is recorded as
407:Dravyasamgraha (Digambara)
386:Pravachanasara (Digambara)
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1907:
1879:
1762:Jain Temples of Rajasthan
1682:Jaini, Padmanabh (1998),
1525:Hughes, Marilynn (2005).
956:blind men and an elephant
664:
632:
1765:, Abhinav Publications,
1648:, Taylor & Francis,
1304:Philosophy East and West
1225:
840:, Samantabhadra asserts:
806:. The Hindu philosopher
561:Parasparopagraho Jivanam
414:Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara)
204:Anuvratas (further vows)
2929:Jain terms and concepts
2549:Digambar Jain Mahasabha
1819:Tatia, Nathmal (1994),
1805:, Motilal Banarsidass,
1779:Shah, Natubhai (2004),
1726:, Motilal Banarsidass,
1706:, Motilal Banarsidass,
1120:nivrtti badra samparaya
795:regarding omniscience.
170:Mahavratas (major vows)
1759:Kumar, Sehdev (2001),
1740:Kuhn, Hermann (2001).
1642:Flügel, Peter (2006),
864:
747:
468:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak
379:Samayasāra (Digambara)
192:Brahmacarya (chastity)
16:Omniscience in Jainism
2960:List of Jain ascetics
2765:Dynasties and empires
2554:Vishwa Jain Sangathan
1622:Dundas, Paul (2002),
1527:The voice of Prophets
1316:10.1353/pew.2013.0020
1042:sasvadana-samyagdrsti
842:
826: 8th century CE
731:
187:Asteya (non-stealing)
177:Ahiṃsā (non-violence)
2955:List of Jain temples
346:Schools and Branches
3036:Religion portal
2970:Topics List (index)
2261:Mahamastakabhisheka
1607:. Vikalp printers.
1068:avirata-samyagdrsti
586:Religion portal
276:The 24 Tirthankaras
2934:Sexual differences
1588:, pp. 274–285
1576:, pp. 272–273
1564:, pp. 186–219
1515:, pp. 204–205
945:and kevala jñana.
943:manhaparyaya jñana
751:Indrabhuti Gautama
393:Agama (Śvetāmbara)
3042:
3041:
2724:
2723:
2503:Hampa Nagarajaiah
2396:Auspicious dreams
2324:Bhaktamara Stotra
2197:
2196:
1812:978-81-208-0365-7
1792:978-1-898723-30-1
1772:978-81-7017-348-9
1733:978-81-208-1776-0
1713:978-81-208-1691-6
1655:978-0-203-00853-9
1635:978-0-415-26605-5
1383:, pp. 99–100
1206:
1205:
1146:suksama samparaya
1107:apramatta samyata
913:Jain epistemology
907:Jain epistemology
810:argued that only
622:
621:
241:Micchami Dukkadam
236:Bhaktamara Stotra
165:Ethics of Jainism
3067:
3034:
3033:
2996:Monks & nuns
2893:Statue of Ahimsa
2850:Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
2574:
2573:
2488:Champat Rai Jain
2331:Tattvartha Sutra
2090:
2089:
2053:
1871:
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1847:
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1011:
1010:
1004:(major vows) of
894:
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887:
875:
872:
862:
827:
824:
717:Literary sources
667:
666:
634:
614:
607:
600:
584:
583:
521:Shravanabelagola
428:Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi
400:Tattvartha Sutra
44:
21:
20:
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2887:Panch Kalyanaka
2821:
2760:
2756:Non-creationism
2720:
2654:
2565:
2517:
2498:Jeffery D. Long
2493:Padmanabh Jaini
2478:Virchand Gandhi
2458:Colette Caillat
2441:
2405:
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2079:
1966:Heavenly beings
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1375:
1367:
1363:
1359:, p. 98 99
1355:
1351:
1343:
1339:
1296:
1292:
1288:, p. 45 45
1284:
1280:
1272:
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1236:
1232:
1228:
1211:
978:
972:
915:
909:
892:
888:
873:
863:
861:Āptamīmāṁsā (5)
860:
825:
719:
618:
578:
571:
570:
536:
535:
526:
525:
493:
492:
483:
482:
458:
457:
448:
447:
373:
372:
370:Jain literature
361:
360:
343:
342:
333:
332:
271:
270:
261:
260:
251:Ṇamōkāra mantra
231:
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81:
17:
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11:
5:
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2711:Southeast Asia
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2545:Organisations
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2513:Jinendra Varni
2510:
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2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2483:Hermann Jacobi
2480:
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2455:
2449:
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2417:Digambara monk
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2351:Uttaradhyayana
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2319:Namokar Mantra
2313:
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2306:Shatkhandagama
2303:
2301:Pravachanasara
2298:
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2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2153:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2112:Kashtha Sangha
2109:
2107:Balatkara Gana
2098:
2096:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2002:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1951:Jain cosmology
1948:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1873:Jainism topics
1864:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1816:
1811:
1796:
1791:
1776:
1771:
1756:
1750:
1737:
1732:
1717:
1712:
1697:
1692:
1679:
1674:
1659:
1654:
1639:
1634:
1619:
1613:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1535:
1517:
1513:Glasenapp 1999
1505:
1493:
1481:
1469:
1457:
1445:
1433:
1421:
1409:
1397:
1385:
1373:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1310:(2): 176–193.
1290:
1278:
1266:
1254:
1242:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1220:Jain cosmology
1217:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1185:sayogi kevalin
1182:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1029:mithya-drishti
1026:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
974:Main article:
971:
968:
964:absolute truth
911:Main article:
908:
905:
858:
804:Pramanavartika
760:In the second
718:
715:
639:also known as
620:
619:
617:
616:
609:
602:
594:
591:
590:
589:
588:
573:
572:
569:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
537:
533:
532:
531:
528:
527:
524:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
494:
490:
489:
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
475:
470:
465:
459:
455:
454:
453:
450:
449:
446:
445:
438:
435:Silappatikaram
431:
424:
417:
410:
403:
396:
389:
382:
374:
368:
367:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
353:
344:
340:
339:
338:
335:
334:
331:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
293:
288:
283:
278:
272:
268:
267:
266:
263:
262:
259:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
232:
228:
227:
226:
223:
222:
219:
218:
213:
207:
206:
200:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
173:
172:
163:
159:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
83:
77:
76:
75:
72:
71:
70:
69:
64:
59:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3072:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3037:
3032:
3025:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2950:List of Jains
2948:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2875:Jain calendar
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2716:United States
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2650:Uttar Pradesh
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:Nalini Balbir
2451:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2231:Vegetarianism
2229:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1832:
1830:0-7619-8993-5
1826:
1822:
1817:
1814:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1753:
1751:3-9806211-4-6
1747:
1743:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1693:81-208-1578-5
1689:
1685:
1680:
1677:
1675:81-208-1376-6
1671:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1628:, Routledge,
1627:
1626:
1620:
1616:
1614:9788190363983
1610:
1606:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1552:, p. 91.
1551:
1546:
1538:
1536:1-4116-5121-9
1532:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1509:
1503:, p. 108
1502:
1497:
1491:, p. 110
1490:
1485:
1479:, p. 110
1478:
1473:
1467:, p. 10.
1466:
1461:
1455:, p. 110
1454:
1449:
1442:
1437:
1430:
1425:
1419:, p. 113
1418:
1413:
1406:
1401:
1394:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1370:
1365:
1358:
1353:
1346:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1275:
1270:
1263:
1258:
1251:
1246:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1215:Shrutakevalin
1213:
1212:
1201:
1199:
1198:ayogi kevalin
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1002:
997:
993:
989:
985:
984:
977:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
952:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
914:
904:
902:
901:Pramanamimasa
898:
883:
879:
868:
857:
855:
851:
847:
841:
839:
838:
833:
832:Samantabhadra
829:
820:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
798:
794:
790:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
758:
756:
752:
746:
744:
740:
736:
730:
728:
724:
723:Sutrakritanga
714:
712:
708:
704:
703:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
669:
661:
655:
653:
649:
645:
643:
638:
637:Kevala gyana,
630:
626:
615:
610:
608:
603:
601:
596:
595:
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
576:
575:
574:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
538:
530:
529:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
498:
497:
487:
486:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
452:
451:
444:
443:
439:
437:
436:
432:
430:
429:
425:
423:
422:
418:
416:
415:
411:
409:
408:
404:
402:
401:
397:
395:
394:
390:
388:
387:
383:
381:
380:
376:
375:
371:
365:
364:
357:
354:
352:
349:
348:
347:
337:
336:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
318:Samantabhadra
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
298:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
269:Major figures
265:
264:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
246:Navkar Mantra
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
233:
225:
224:
217:
214:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
201:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
182:Satya (truth)
180:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
167:
166:
156:
155:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
84:
80:
74:
73:
68:
65:
63:
60:
58:
55:
53:
50:
49:
48:
47:
43:
39:
38:
35:
32:
31:
27:
23:
22:
19:
2891:
2870:Samavasarana
2860:Śalākāpuruṣa
2468:John E. Cort
2379:Ashtamangala
2374:Siddhachakra
2311:Kasayapahuda
2278:Pratikramana
2186:Sthānakavāsī
1944:Anekāntavāda
1940:Jaina logic
1934:Kevala Jñāna
1929:Epistemology
1820:
1801:
1781:
1761:
1741:
1722:
1702:
1683:
1664:
1644:
1624:
1603:
1581:
1569:
1557:
1545:
1526:
1520:
1508:
1496:
1484:
1472:
1460:
1448:
1443:, p. 91
1436:
1431:, p. 91
1424:
1412:
1407:, p. 13
1400:
1395:, p. 39
1388:
1376:
1371:, p. 25
1364:
1352:
1347:, p. 39
1340:
1307:
1303:
1293:
1281:
1276:, p. 91
1269:
1264:, p. 51
1257:
1245:
1240:, p. 49
1233:
1197:
1184:
1171:
1158:
1145:
1132:
1119:
1106:
1093:
1080:
1067:
1054:
1041:
1028:
1020:Description
1006:Jain ascetic
999:
995:
991:
987:
981:
979:
959:
951:Anekantavada
949:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
916:
900:
896:
877:
865:
853:
849:
845:
843:
835:
830:
803:
786:
766:Rājapraśnīya
765:
762:Upanga Agama
761:
759:
754:
748:
742:
732:
720:
700:
696:
693:Divyadhvani,
692:
684:
680:
670:
659:
656:
640:
636:
625:Kevala jnana
624:
623:
556:Jain symbols
440:
433:
426:
419:
412:
405:
398:
391:
384:
377:
295:
256:Jai Jinendra
229:Jain prayers
203:
169:
117:Kevala Jnana
87:Anekantavada
18:
3055:Jain saints
2812:Rashtrakuta
2729:Jainism and
2628:Maharashtra
2586:Bundelkhand
2473:Paul Dundas
2346:Kalpa Sūtra
2341:Aptamimamsa
2226:Monasticism
2157:Murtipujaka
2139:Kanji Panth
2119:Taran Panth
2102:Mula Sangha
1956:Siddhashila
1889:Tirthankara
1501:Flügel 2006
1489:Flügel 2006
1477:Flügel 2006
1453:Flügel 2006
1441:Flügel 2006
1429:Flügel 2006
1417:Flügel 2006
1369:Dundas 2002
1286:Dundas 2002
1252:, p. 3
1238:Sharma 1991
939:avadhijñana
893: 1173
889: 1088
837:Aptamimamsa
800:Dharmakirti
778:materialist
737:and Arhat (
727:Kalpa Sūtra
702:tirthankara
648:omniscience
566:Topics list
491:Pilgrimages
442:Valayapathi
341:Major sects
328:Yashovijaya
132:Brahmacarya
3049:Categories
2991:Literature
2880:Samvatsari
2645:Tamil Nadu
2570:Jainism in
2389:Nandavarta
2336:Samayasāra
2288:Literature
2256:Kshamavani
2251:Paryushana
2214:Meditation
2209:Sallekhana
2149:Śvetāmbara
2070:Ratnatraya
1990:Gunasthana
1909:Philosophy
1595:References
1586:Tatia 1994
1574:Jaini 1998
1550:Jaini 1998
1381:Jaini 2001
1357:Jaini 2001
1274:Jaini 1998
1262:Jaini 2000
1250:Kumar 2001
1081:desavirata
1055:misradrsti
1017:Gunasthana
1001:Mahavratas
992:gunasthana
988:gunasthana
983:gunasthana
976:Gunasthana
935:srutajñana
891: – c.
882:Hemacandra
874: 720
819:Haribhadra
711:Jambuswami
677:Śvētāmbara
633:केवल ज्ञान
478:Samvatsari
473:Paryushana
356:Śvetāmbara
323:Haribhadra
313:Siddhasena
308:Kundakunda
216:Sallekhana
142:Gunasthana
137:Aparigraha
79:Philosophy
2909:Sculpture
2845:Ekendriya
2706:Singapore
2691:Hong Kong
2671:Australia
2640:Rajasthan
2611:Karnataka
2523:Community
2508:Bal Patil
2463:Chandabai
2432:Pattavali
2384:Shrivatsa
2369:Jain flag
2246:Festivals
2202:Practices
2190:Terapanth
2177:Tristutik
2167:Kharatara
2129:Terapanth
2124:Bispanthi
2094:Digambara
1917:Five Vows
1894:Ganadhara
1625:The Jains
1562:Kuhn 2001
1465:Jain 2016
1405:Shah 2004
1393:Shah 2004
1345:Shah 2004
1324:1529-1898
996:anuvratas
931:matijñana
927:pratyaksa
919:pratyakṣa
816:Jain monk
793:Buddhists
753:became a
689:padmasana
673:Digambara
551:Jain flag
541:Ekendriya
516:Shikharji
456:Festivals
351:Digambara
303:Ganadhara
92:Cosmology
3001:Scholars
2979:Navboxes
2838:Timeline
2787:Ikshvaku
2772:Chalukya
2741:Hinduism
2736:Buddhism
2701:Pakistan
2659:Overseas
2446:Scholars
2427:Kshullak
2410:Ascetics
2401:Swastika
2219:Sāmāyika
2134:Yapaniya
2085:Branches
1332:56062884
1209:See also
897:sarvajña
867:Akalanka
859:—
854:sarvajña
808:Kumarila
707:Mahāvīra
681:kevalins
642:Kaivalya
629:Sanskrit
506:Palitana
291:Mahavira
281:Rishabha
211:Sāmāyika
62:Timeline
26:a series
24:Part of
3011:America
3006:Temples
2855:Pratima
2833:History
2826:Related
2817:Santara
2797:Kalinga
2792:Kadamba
2782:Hoysala
2751:Sikhism
2676:Belgium
2606:Haryana
2601:Gujarat
2531:Śrāvaka
2437:Acharya
2361:Symbols
2315:Mantra
2268:Upadhan
2241:Rituals
2236:Fasting
2075:Kashaya
2065:Saṃsāra
2044:Nirjara
2039:Samvara
2010:Pudgala
1899:Arihant
960:Kevalis
923:parokṣa
899:in his
850:prameya
846:anumeya
797:Bhikkhu
755:kevalin
743:upapada
739:Arihant
697:kevalin
685:kevalin
665:केवलिन्
660:kevalin
652:Jainism
546:Temples
297:Arihant
147:Saṃsāra
57:History
34:Jainism
3016:Bengal
2924:Nigoda
2899:Temple
2865:Tirtha
2807:Pandya
2802:Maurya
2686:Europe
2681:Canada
2666:Africa
2633:Mumbai
2623:Kerala
2422:Aryika
2162:Gaccha
2034:Bandha
2029:Asrava
2024:Tattva
2015:Dharma
1995:Dravya
1983:Causes
1961:Naraka
1922:Ahimsa
1827:
1809:
1789:
1769:
1748:
1730:
1710:
1690:
1672:
1652:
1632:
1611:
1533:
1330:
1322:
789:Hindus
774:Payasi
772:, and
770:Pārśva
764:, the
646:means
511:Girnar
463:Diwali
286:Pārśva
160:Ethics
127:Tattva
122:Dravya
107:Dharma
97:Ahimsa
2943:Lists
2904:Stupa
2777:Ganga
2746:Islam
2696:Japan
2616:North
2591:Delhi
2578:India
2559:JAINA
2541:Tamil
2536:Sarak
2296:Agama
2273:Tapas
2060:Death
2051:Mokṣa
2005:Ajiva
1978:Types
1973:Karma
1328:S2CID
1226:Notes
635:) or
534:Other
496:Tirth
112:Mokṣa
102:Karma
67:Index
52:Jains
2986:Gods
2172:Tapa
2000:Jīva
1881:Gods
1825:ISBN
1807:ISBN
1787:ISBN
1767:ISBN
1746:ISBN
1728:ISBN
1708:ISBN
1688:ISBN
1670:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1630:ISBN
1609:ISBN
1531:ISBN
1320:ISSN
812:Veda
791:and
782:jiva
776:, a
735:Jina
675:and
2919:Law
2914:Art
2596:Goa
1312:doi
1194:14.
1181:13.
1168:12.
1155:11.
1142:10.
1014:No.
650:in
501:Abu
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1326:.
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1308:63
1306:.
1302:.
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1116:8.
1103:7.
1090:6.
1077:5.
1064:4.
1051:3.
1038:2.
1025:1.
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941:,
886:c.
871:c.
823:c.
705:,
631::
28:on
1860:e
1853:t
1846:v
1754:.
1617:.
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1314::
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644:,
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599:v
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