40:
377:
615:
411:
719:
651:, Kayqubad wanted Rukn al-Din as his successor who was the elder one of his two sons from his Ayyubid wife, Malika Adila Khatun, but Kaykhusraw usurped the throne and had Rukn al-Din, Kilic Arslan and their mother strangled.
1356:
1383:
774:
778:
281:
1362:
Byzantium in the Near East: Its
Relations with the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in Asia Minor, the Armenians of Cilicia and the Mongols, A.D. C. 1192-1237, Volume 16
710:
Kayqubad, like the other Seljuq sultans of Rum, was quite well-versed in the fine arts and would recite quatrains in
Persian during wine-drinking parties.
458:, who were disturbed by the rapid expansion of Sultan Kayqubad I, especially in eastern Anatolia, took action against the sultan under the leadership of
730:
1254:
Peacock, A. C. S. (2006). "The Saljūq
Campaign against the Crimea and the Expansionist Policy of the Early Reign of 'Alā' al-Dīn Kayqubād".
353:. Most of the emirs, as the powerful landed aristocracy of the sultanate, supported Kaykaus. Kayqubad was forced to flee to the fortress at
1574:
1542:
1093:
303:, and Kayqubad himself was considered the most illustrious prince of the dynasty. In the period following the mid-13th century
675:, bridges and hospitals, many of which are preserved to this day. Besides completing the construction of the Seljuq Palace in
1224:
1107:
1075:
741:
with their father, had the same dual religious (Christian and Muslim) and dual ethnic (Turkic/Persian and Greek) identity as
373:'s unexpected death in 1219/1220 Kayqubad was released from captivity and succeeded to the Seljuk throne as its new Sultan.
1679:
1061:
782:
272:
who reigned from 1220 to 1237. He expanded the borders of the sultanate at the expense of his neighbors, particularly the
292:, is remembered today for his rich architectural legacy and the brilliant court culture that flourished under his reign.
1300:
519:
1440:
1144:
1210:
334:
307:
invasion, inhabitants of
Anatolia frequently looked back on his reign as a golden age, while the new rulers of the
1551:
50:
1063:
The Ghazi
Sultans and the Frontiers of Islam: A comparative study of the late medieval and early modern periods
589:
on the borders of the
Sultanate of Rum, he strengthened the defenses and fortresses in his eastern provinces.
761:
Kayqubad I had good relations with the Muslim scholars, Sufis and poets. Many Muslim Sufis and poets such as
1535:
17:
1432:
The
Romanians and the Turkic Nomads North of the Danube Delta from the Tenth to the Mid-Thirteenth Century
346:
1416:Özcan, Koray (2010). "The Anatolian Seljuk City An Analysis on Early Turkish Urban Models in Anatolia".
341:
struggled for the throne. Kayqubad initially garnered some allies among the neighbors of the sultanate:
1684:
1360:
1216:
1099:
541:
threat. The alliance could not be achieved, and afterward, Jalal ad-Din took the important fortress at
1163:
Cahen, Claude (1997a). "Kaykhusraw; Kaykhusraw II". In Van Donzel, E.; Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch. (eds.).
546:
376:
1400:
1129:
Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071-1330
766:
610:"With Kayqubad's death, the back of Islam was broken and the bond of kingdom and religion snapped".
39:
1528:
1154:
Cahen, Claude (1997). "Kaykubad; Kaykubad I". In Van Donzel, E.; Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch. (eds.).
1568:
1457:
Yalman, Suzan (2012). "ʿALA AL-DIN KAYQUBAD ILLUMINATED: A RUM SELJUQ SULTAN AS COSMIC RULER".
1366:
799:
534:
427:
342:
1430:
1172:
Crane, H. (1993). "Notes on Saldjūq
Architectural Patronage in Thirteenth Century Anatolia".
280:, and established a Seljuq presence on the Mediterranean with his acquisition of the port of
1608:
1694:
1689:
361:. He was soon apprehended and imprisoned by his brother in a fortress in western Anatolia.
8:
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and died at an early age on 31 May 1237, the last of his line to die in independence.
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The sultanate expanded considerably during the reign of
Kayqubad, mostly in the east.
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in 1230. After his victory, he advanced further east, establishing Seljuq rule over
1613:
1484:
1466:
1347:
Redford, Scott (1993). "Thirteenth-Century Rum Seljuq
Palaces and Palace Imagery".
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In the Cilicia Campaign of 1225, Kayqubad the great subjugated the Kingdom of
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expanded its borders further in the south-east Anatolia region by capturing
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403:. He attacked the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in 1221 taking the city of
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225:
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sought to justify their own authority through pedigrees traced to him.
1293:
The Seljuks of Anatolia: Court and Society in the Medieval Middle East
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1563:
1495:
1067:
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Kemaleddin İbnü’l-Adim, Zübdetü’l-Haleb min Tarih-i Haleb, s. 482-485
770:
762:
738:
734:
370:
358:
338:
68:
1323:
1310:
Redford, Scott (1991). "The Alaeddin Mosque in Konya Reconsidered".
1095:
The Cambridge History of Islam: The Central Islamic lands since 1918
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recognized his sovereignty. He also captured several fortresses in
562:
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495:
491:
459:
455:
423:
300:
450:. At the end of the 13th century, these Turcomans established the
438:, had created an unstable political situation. The sultan settled
349:
and Tughrilshah, the brothers' uncle and the independent ruler of
1593:
704:
668:
623:
598:
586:
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350:
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102:
663:. Apart from reconstructing towns and fortresses, he built many
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wife Mah Pari Khatun, Rukn al-Din and Kilic Arslan, sons of his
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and the governorship of the important central Anatolian town of
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Kayqubad sponsored a large-scale building campaign across
1174:
Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
954:
44:
Coinage of Ala' al-Din Kay Qubad I, Ankuriyya, 1219-1237
990:
930:
855:
816:
1026:
1014:
585:. Mindful of the increasing presence and power of the
1550:
1262:(2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 133–149.
1002:
915:
Claude Cahen, Anatolia Before the Ottomans, p. 85-86.
978:
918:
867:
843:
733:, it is very probably that Kayqubad and his brother
654:
466:. In 1234 Kayqubad I completely defeated the allied
879:
577:, whose queen sued for peace and gave her daughter
1399:(in Turkish). Ankara: Published in 25th Volume of
1388:. University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 693–714.
514:along his march. He also put down a revolt by the
323:, who bestowed upon him at an early age the title
897:Yazıcızâde Ali, Tevârih-i Âl-i Selçuk, s. 489-499
357:, where he sought aid from the Turkman tribes of
1671:
1385:The Later Crusades, 1189-1311 — XX: The Aiyubids
1318:(1/2). Zürich: Artibus Asiae Publishers: 54–74.
1291:Peacock, A.C.S.; Yildiz, Sara Nur, eds. (2013).
647:princess wife Malika Adila Khatun. According to
502:into the sultanate, capturing the fortresses of
529:At first, Kayqubad sought an alliance with his
1536:
1365:. Kentron Vyzantinōn Ereunōn - Original from
1290:
1044:
972:
797:In the Turkish historical television series,
565:(formerly part of Ayyubids). The Artuqids of
418:, or Red Tower, built in Alanya by Kayqubad I
337:in 1211, both Kayqubad and his elder brother
1091:
837:
526:family to renew their pledges of vassalage.
1485:Coins minted during the reign of Kayqubad I
1381:
948:
803:, Kayqubad I is portrayed by Turkish actor
295:Kayqubad's reign represented the apogee of
288:in his honor. The sultan, sometimes styled
1543:
1529:
1092:Lambton, Ann K.S.; Lewis, Bernard (1977).
756:
1382:Wolff, R.L.; Hazard, H. W., eds. (1969).
1059:
960:
430:, who was fleeing the destruction of his
1355:
1208:
1167:. Vol. IV. Brill. pp. 816–817.
1158:. Vol. IV. Brill. pp. 817–818.
996:
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409:
375:
1346:
1309:
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1020:
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545:. Kayqubad finally defeated him at the
522:of capturing their capital, forced the
14:
1672:
1456:
1428:
1162:
1008:
873:
737:, who both spent considerable time in
597:He was given poison during a feast at
395:which defeated the combined forces of
319:Kayqubad was the second son of Seljuk
1524:
1415:
1392:
1171:
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984:
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885:
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422:In 1227/1228, Kayqubad advanced into
333:. When the sultan died following the
248:
1256:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
1243:Early Mystics in Turkish Literature
789:came to Anatolia during his reign.
608:mourned his death with these words,
446:frontier, in a region later called
258:
27:Seljuq sultan of Rum (1220-1237 AD)
24:
1450:
1424:(2). Harrassowitz Verlag: 273–290.
234:Alā ad-Dīn Kayqubād ibn Kaykhusraw
180:Alā ad-Dīn Kayqubād bin Kaykhusraw
25:
1706:
1478:
1351:. 23, Pre-Modern Islamic Palaces.
783:Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi
655:Architectural and cultural legacy
391:In 1221/1222 Kayqubad launched a
261:1190–1237), also known as
38:
722:Modern statue of Kaykubad I in
581:in marriage to Kayqubad's son,
1245:. Translated by Leiser, Gary;
909:
900:
891:
13:
1:
810:
787:Sultanulūlemā Bâhâeddīn Veled
630:
407:from its governor, Kir Fard.
314:
214:Raziya Khatun, a daughter of
100:1237 (aged 46–47)
7:
1680:13th-century sultans of Rum
713:
259:علاء الدين كيقباد بن كيخسرو
10:
1711:
1217:Cambridge University Press
1180:(1). Leiden: Brill: 1–57.
1165:The Encyclopaedia of Islam
1156:The Encyclopaedia of Islam
1100:Cambridge University Press
1053:
561:, Ahlat and the region of
490:. The sultan defeated the
1559:
1509:
1500:
1492:
1471:10.1163/22118993-90000186
1268:10.1017/S1356186306005979
1209:Eastmond, Antony (2017).
1045:Peacock & Yildiz 2013
973:Peacock & Yildiz 2013
635:Kayqubad had three sons:
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109:
96:
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975:, pp. 118–119, 121.
838:Lambton & Lewis 1977
767:Abd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī
592:
364:
156:Gıyaseddin Kaykhusraw II
1429:Spinei, Victor (2009).
1418:Central Asiatic Journal
1401:TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi
1186:10.1163/156852093X00010
1131:. New York: Taplinger.
1060:Anooshahr, Ali (2008).
949:Wolff & Hazard 1969
757:Relations with scholars
426:, where the arrival of
299:power and influence in
139:Ismat al-dunya wa'l-din
1367:University of Michigan
726:
627:
535:Jalal ad-Din Mingburni
428:Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu
419:
381:
246:Turkish pronunciation:
241:
1552:Seljuk sultans of Rum
1393:Sümer, Farok (2002).
763:Mūhyūddīn İbnūl-Arābī
721:
617:
413:
393:naval attack on Sudak
379:
1241:Koprulu, M. (2006).
679:, he also built the
639:, eldest son of his
569:and the Ayyubids of
547:Battle of Yassıçimen
242:I. Alâeddin Keykûbad
133:Mahpari Hunat Khatun
701:Kayqubadiyya Palace
620:Yivli Minare Mosque
516:Empire of Trebizond
470:forces. Afterward,
250:[kejkuːbad]
136:Malika Adila Khatun
1403:. pp. 358–359
864:, p. 120-121.
825:, p. 817-818.
793:Portrayal in media
727:
628:
432:Khwarezmian Empire
420:
382:
335:battle of Alaşehir
290:Kayqubad the Great
105:, Sultanate of Rum
1685:History of Alanya
1667:
1666:
1579:
1519:
1518:
1510:Succeeded by
1226:978-11-07-16756-8
1109:978-052-129-135-4
1077:978-11-34-04134-3
800:Diriliş: Ertuğrul
518:and, although he
498:and absorbed the
369:Upon his brother
321:Sultan Kaykhusraw
309:Anatolian beyliks
231:
230:
216:Manuel Maurozomes
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16:(Redirected from
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1614:Kilij Arslan III
1599:Kilij Arslan II
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683:on the shore of
681:Kubadabad Palace
524:Komnenos dynasty
500:Mengujek emirate
444:Taurus Mountains
386:Armenian Cilicia
347:Cilician Armenia
284:, later renamed
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1459:Muqarnas Online
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1451:Further reading
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1324:10.2307/3249676
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1247:Dankoff, Robert
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903:
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852:, p. 70.
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729:According to
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689:Alanya Castle
686:
685:Lake Beyşehir
682:
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673:caravanserais
670:
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638:
637:Kaykhusraw II
626:by Kayqubad I
625:
621:
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584:
583:Kaykhusraw II
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51:Sultan of Rum
48:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1654:Kayqubad III
1644:Kayqubad II
1623:
1604:Kaykhusraw I
1573:
1501:
1462:
1458:
1431:
1421:
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1405:. Retrieved
1395:
1384:
1371:. Retrieved
1361:
1348:
1315:
1311:
1292:
1259:
1255:
1249:. Routledge.
1242:
1230:. Retrieved
1211:
1177:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1128:
1113:. Retrieved
1094:
1081:. Retrieved
1062:
1040:
1033:Koprulu 2006
1028:
1021:Redford 1993
1016:
1004:
992:
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968:
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944:
932:
920:
911:
902:
893:
881:
869:
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850:Redford 1991
845:
818:
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779:Kāniî-i Tūsī
760:
743:Kaykhusraw I
728:
709:
658:
634:
609:
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596:
537:against the
528:
421:
390:
383:
368:
324:
318:
294:
289:
262:
233:
232:
205:Kaykhusraw I
163:Kilic Arslan
18:Kay Qubadh I
1695:1237 deaths
1690:1188 births
1634:Kaykaus II
1609:Suleiman II
1575:Abu'l-Qasim
1554:(1077–1307)
1009:Cahen 1997a
874:Spinei 2009
805:Burak Hakkı
622:, built in
504:Hısn Mansur
226:Sunni Islam
160:Rukn al-Din
65:Predecessor
1674:Categories
1624:Kayqubad I
1589:Malik Shah
1569:Suleiman I
1507:1220–1237
1396:KEYKUBAD I
985:Cahen 1968
925:Cahen 1968
886:Özcan 2010
862:Cahen 1968
823:Cahen 1997
811:References
747:Kaykaus II
631:Succession
604:Historian
567:Diyarbakır
520:fell short
512:Çemişgezek
452:Karamanids
442:along the
416:Kızıl Kule
315:Early life
282:Kalon Oros
265:, was the
263:Kayqubad I
33:Kayqubad I
1619:Kaykaus I
1564:Qutalmish
1496:Kaykaus I
1435:. BRILL.
1373:15 August
1332:0004-3648
1276:1356-1863
1232:15 August
1194:0022-4995
1115:19 August
1083:19 August
1068:Routledge
771:Ahi Evran
739:Byzantium
735:Kaykaus I
693:Red Tower
440:Turcomans
359:Kastamonu
75:Successor
69:Kaykaus I
60:1220–1237
1659:Mesud II
1359:(1981).
1284:55636025
1127:(1968).
751:Mesud II
714:Identity
669:medreses
661:Anatolia
649:Ibn Bibi
606:Ibn Bibi
563:Lake Van
555:Erzincan
549:between
533:kinsman
496:Ayyubids
494:and the
492:Artuqids
460:Al-Kamil
456:Ayyubids
424:Anatolia
301:Anatolia
286:Ala'iyya
278:Ayyubids
276:and the
222:Religion
121:, Turkey
1594:Mesud I
1407:7 March
1340:3249676
1202:3632470
1054:Sources
705:Kayseri
665:mosques
645:Ayyubid
624:Antalya
599:Kayseri
587:Mongols
575:Georgia
559:Erzurum
531:Turkish
476:Siverek
468:Ayyubid
436:Mongols
434:by the
351:Erzurum
339:Kaykaus
255:Persian
238:Turkish
190:Dynasty
103:Kayseri
1439:
1338:
1330:
1299:
1282:
1274:
1223:
1200:
1192:
1143:
1106:
1074:
749:, and
724:Alanya
697:Alanya
539:Mongol
510:, and
484:Harran
472:Harput
454:. The
405:Alanya
401:Cumans
355:Ankara
305:Mongol
297:Seljuq
267:Seljuq
211:Mother
201:Father
195:Seljuq
127:Spouse
110:Burial
1336:JSTOR
1280:S2CID
1198:JSTOR
703:near
677:Konya
641:Greek
593:Death
579:Tamar
571:Syria
551:Sivas
543:Ahlat
508:Kahta
488:Raqqa
464:Egypt
365:Reign
343:Leo I
331:Tokat
326:malik
175:Names
148:Issue
119:Konya
57:Reign
1437:ISBN
1409:2021
1375:2020
1328:ISSN
1297:ISBN
1272:ISSN
1234:2020
1221:ISBN
1190:ISSN
1141:ISBN
1117:2020
1104:ISBN
1085:2020
1072:ISBN
785:and
699:and
691:and
618:The
553:and
486:and
480:Urfa
448:İçel
414:The
399:and
97:Died
92:1190
89:Born
1467:doi
1320:doi
1264:doi
1182:doi
1133:hdl
695:in
462:in
397:Rus
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1139:.
1070:.
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236:(
20:)
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