109:
270:
Bolivians refer to the region where the speakers live as "Qollahuayas," meaning "place of the medicines", because the
Kallawaya are renowned herbalists. Since they treat or cure with plants, minerals, animal products, and rituals, peasants refer to the speakers as "Qolla kapachayuh", meaning "lords
245:
Kallawaya is also a secret language, passed only by father to son, or grandfather to grandson, or rarely, to daughters if a practitioner has no sons. It is not used in normal family dialogue. Although its use is primarily ritual, used secretly for initiated men, Kallawaya may be a part of everyday
902:
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Artículo 5.1: Son idiomas oficiales del Estado el castellano y todos los idiomas de las naciones y pueblos indígena originario [
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in morphology, but most of its words are from either unknown sources or from an otherwise extinct language family,
760:
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Bastien, Joseph W. (January 1989). "Differences between
Kallawaya-Andean and Greek-European humoral theory".
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Symposium: Advances in Native South
American Historical Linguistics, July 17–18, 2006, at the 52nd
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1015:(in Spanish). Vol. I: Ámbito andino. La Paz: Plural editores. pp. 147–167.
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Muysken, Pieter (2009). "Kallawaya". In
Crevels, Mily; Muysken, Pieter (eds.).
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782:] campesinos, que son el aymara, , machajuyai-kallawaya, y zamuco.
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Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019).
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766:(in Spanish). Gaceta Oficial de Bolivia. February 7, 2009. p. 2
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Kallawaya language project and photos of language speakers
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Kallawaya is a mixed language. The grammar is partially
1027:
996:
Kallawaya: el idioma secreto de los incas: Diccionario
793:
787:
824:
202:, a group of traditional itinerant healers in the
194:; another name sometimes used for the language is
1028:Oblitas Poblete, Enrique; Szemiński, Jan (1994).
827:Classification of South American Indian languages
1428:
206:in their medicinal healing practice living in
1078:
246:conversation between those familiar with it.
234:. Pukina was abandoned in favor of Quechua,
16:Endangered Puquina language spoken in Bolivia
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831:. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
900:
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993:
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952:(in Spanish). La Paz, Bolivia: MUSEF.
947:
850:International Congress of Americanists
259:, in which two linguists attempted to
1442:Endangered languages of South America
1066:
865:
753:
249:Kallawaya was one of the subjects of
901:Honeycutt, Kirk (January 18, 2008).
842:Willem Adelaar; Simon van de Kerke.
13:
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761:"Constitución política del Estado"
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253:' 2008 American documentary film
873:"The Kallawaya Language Project"
844:"The Puquina and Leko languages"
107:
927:
1:
1058:Other ways to spell Kallawaya
967:Social Science & Medicine
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279:
979:10.1016/0277-9536(89)90305-5
274:
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1457:La Paz Department (Bolivia)
10:
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948:Aguiló, Federico (1991).
805:(22nd ed.). Dallas:
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315:
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210:, the highlands north of
157:
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125:
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102:Official language in
100:
95:
70:
56:
38:
28:
23:
1415:still recognized by the
803:: Languages of the World
994:Girault, Louis (1989).
749:(subscription required)
1398:Bolivian Sign Language
1236:South Bolivian Quechua
1231:North Bolivian Quechua
998:(in Spanish). UNICEF.
908:The Hollywood Reporter
271:of the medicine bag".
198:. It is spoken by the
1417:Bolivian constitution
950:Diccionario kallawaya
882:on September 29, 2007
66:10–20 as 2nd language
49:; highlands north of
1437:Languages of Bolivia
1226:Cusco–Collao Quechua
1094:Languages of Bolivia
915:on November 21, 2008
796:"Bolivia languages"
1462:Quechuan languages
1013:Lenguas de Bolivia
265:moribund languages
1424:
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1413:extinct languages
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1101:National language
821:Loukotka, Čestmír
807:SIL International
747:(18th ed., 2015)
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43:La Paz Department
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1447:Ritual languages
1259:Eastern Bolivian
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1080:
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1030:Lexico Kallawaya
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911:. Archived from
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941:Further reading
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251:Ironbound Films
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222:Characteristics
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96:Official status
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58:Native speakers
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1391:Sign languages
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1047:External links
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1032:(in Spanish).
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188:mixed language
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121:Language codes
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256:The Linguists
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217:
213:
212:Lake Titicaca
209:
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51:Lake Titicaca
48:
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31:
27:
22:
19:
1408:
1365:
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1340:
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1165:Pano–Tacanan
1029:
1012:
995:
973:(1): 45–51.
970:
966:
949:
929:
919:February 22,
917:. Retrieved
913:the original
906:
896:
884:. Retrieved
877:the original
867:
855:. Retrieved
847:
837:
826:
815:
799:
789:
777:
775:
770:November 23,
768:. Retrieved
755:
742:
734:
722:
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254:
248:
244:
225:
195:
179:
175:
171:
170:
142:
86:
62:
18:
545:Approximant
1431:Categories
1302:Chiquitano
1117:Indigenous
801:Ethnologue
744:Ethnologue
726:References
280:Consonants
186:, secret,
184:endangered
180:Callawalla
176:Callahuaya
1411:indicate
1373:Weenhayek
1341:Kallawaya
1308:Canichana
1119:languages
1021:556975228
739:Kallawaya
459:Fricative
372:aspirated
328:voiceless
322:Affricate
275:Phonology
208:Charazani
172:Kallawaya
164:Kallawaya
144:Glottolog
128:ISO 639-3
87:Kallawaya
47:Charazani
24:Kallawaya
1378:Yuracaré
1315:Cayubaba
1208:Yaminawa
1203:Toromona
1193:Reyesano
1188:Ese Ejja
1178:Cavineño
1127:Arawakan
1038:56010096
1004:22491858
958:29245388
880:(online)
823:(1968).
416:ejective
295:Alveolar
263:several
261:document
182:, is an
151:call1235
1409:Italics
1362:Tonalla
1357:Puquina
1331:Itonama
1326:Chipaya
1271:Sirionó
1266:Guarayu
1254:Guaraní
1218:Quechua
1183:Chácobo
1140:Iñapari
1108:Spanish
987:2648593
622:Central
579:central
551:lateral
317:Plosive
300:Palatal
240:Spanish
228:Quechua
216:Tipuani
192:Bolivia
174:, also
115:Bolivia
82:Puquina
33:Bolivia
1367:Warázu
1351:Movima
1321:Chimán
1297:Ayoreo
1292:Aymara
1246:Tupian
1198:Tacana
1173:Araona
1036:
1019:
1002:
985:
956:
607:Vowels
310:Uvular
290:Labial
238:, and
236:Aymara
232:Pukina
214:, and
196:Pohena
112:
39:Region
1285:Other
1150:Pauna
1135:Baure
764:(PDF)
634:Close
617:Front
523:Trill
491:Nasal
305:Velar
204:Andes
1346:Moré
1336:Leco
1276:Yuki
1155:Yine
1145:Moxo
1034:OCLC
1017:OCLC
1000:OCLC
983:PMID
954:OCLC
921:2009
888:2007
859:2007
772:2022
700:Open
627:Back
63:None
975:doi
779:sic
741:at
667:Mid
437:tʃʼ
393:tʃʰ
190:in
178:or
159:ELP
135:caw
1433::
981:.
971:28
969:.
905:.
846:.
798:.
774:.
713:aː
692:oː
678:eː
659:uː
645:iː
451:qʼ
444:kʼ
430:tʼ
423:pʼ
407:qʰ
400:kʰ
386:tʰ
379:pʰ
349:tʃ
267:.
242:.
218:.
45::
1419:.
1086:e
1079:t
1072:v
1040:.
1023:.
1006:.
989:.
977::
960:.
923:.
890:.
861:.
809:.
708:a
687:o
673:e
654:u
640:i
594:j
585:w
567:ʎ
560:l
531:r
511:ɲ
504:n
497:m
481:x
474:ʃ
467:s
363:q
356:k
342:t
335:p
319:/
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