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105:. The instrument was also likened to a 2,000-year old chordophone recovered in Vietnam. Since Angkorian times, the instrument was thought to have vanished from Khmer culture at an uncertain time. However, in 2001 a research team from the Ministry of Culture discovered the instrument being played by Phorn Dav in
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sound modulate by the opening of the mouth. The musician ties a string around the bottom near the bridge and stretches it into his mouth. In order to keep this string tightly in the mouth, a bamboo cercle is pierced with a whole and tied to the string, confining it to the bamboo neck of the
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instrument. This bamboo circle has sometime been replaced by a piece of plastic to make it easier for older toothless musicians. The Jarai people sometimes tie a small bamboo section to a long string to create an amplifier in a traditional way of doing court to young women.
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like the Jarai in
Vietnam and the Tampuan in Ratanakiri playing the mim, the Khmer were also able to recover the Angkorian harp through ethnological research and comparison with the traditional harps in Khmer-Mon cultures of
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The
Garland handbook of Southeast Asian music p 300 Terry E. Miller, Sean Williams – 2008 "Figure 16.2 Dock Ramah, a Jarai minority musician, plays the k'ni mouth-resonated bowed monochord. Photo by Terry E. Miller;
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is among the
Angkorian instruments that were thought to have disappeared, but which were recently recovered though anthropological research. Thus, just as the Khmer were surprised to see
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which enables the instrument to imitate certain qualities found in vocal music. In
Ratanakiri, the fretboard is composed of four frets which in Tampuan language are referred to as
70:
which derives from the Khmer word meaning baby suckling or breastfeeding. In fact, the musician playing mouth violin makes movement resembles a child receiving breast milk.
113:. In 2004, Phorn Dav became a master on the Cambodian Master Performers Program (CMPP), teaching a new generation of players and reviving the instrument in Cambodia.
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The musician holds the neck of the instrument on one and in his left hand while the other end close to the bridge is held tightly between his first and second toe.
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While it is sometimes referred to as a mouth violin, it should more properly be called a mouth resonator fiddle not to be confused with the
European
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literally meaning female cleavage whereas the Jarai of
Vietnam use six fingerboards - made with large thorns harvested from the trunks of
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in
Cambodia, popularly known as a mouth violin is a mouth resonator fiddle, i.e. a fiddle-like instrument used by the
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132:. The instrument does not have a direct equivalent among traditional Vietnamese musical instruments.
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is usually hairless made of a simple straw of bamboo and resin is used to ensure its adhesivity.
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The
Science of Musical Sound: Volume 1: Stringed Instruments, Pipe Organs, and the Human Voice
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known in north-east
England as the “Gewgaw,” a word possibly derived from the Swedish word “
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Page from
Vietnam National Administration of Tourism, with picture and description of K'ni.
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The earliest depictions of the mouth resonator fiddle have been identified on the
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is made of bamboo, the Kreung people in Ratanakiri have them made of bamboo.
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378:"In search of a musical past: evidence for early chordophones from Vietnam"
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719:(tro sau thom, tro sau toch, tro che, tro ou, tro ou chamhieng)
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124:. Similar instruments are used among other tribal peoples of
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Campos, Fredeliza Z.; Hull, Jennifer R.; Hồng, Vương Thu.
692:(skor arak or aaroksa, skor kar, skor toch, skar ayai)
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Page with pictures of K'ni or Vietnamese mouth violin.
66:In Khmer, the mouth violon is referred to as the
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944:Traditional Vietnamese musical instruments
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522:Traditional Cambodian musical instruments
299:Bennett, William Ralph Jr. (2018-09-04).
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278:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 46.
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418:. The Phnom Penh Post. 14 January 2005
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59:is the common word for fiddle in the
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275:The Jews-Harp in Britain and Ireland
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236:
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13:
416:"Mysterious memm makes a comeback"
120:in Vietnam and Tampuong people in
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356:Bowed Strings Iconography Project
331:Bowed Strings Iconography Project
272:Wright, Mr Michael (2015-12-28).
251:. Reyum Publishing. p. 116.
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188:which also means the "breasts of
152:where the harp was still in use.
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742:Plucked: Harp, Zithers and Lutes
1272:Violin family instrument stubs
1262:Vietnamese musical instruments
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116:Today, it is in use among the
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1257:Continuous pitch instruments
1200:. You can help Knowledge by
676:ស្គរទីមីឡា (hourglass drum)
51:
7:
404:– via Cambridge Core.
10:
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809:(Sralai toch, Sralai thom)
168:which uses the musician's
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1192:This article relating to
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800:Oboes and free reed pipes
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552:Roneat dek / Roneat thong
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85:meaning “mouth fiddle.”
454:"Mouth resonator fiddle"
792:(khloy ek, khloy thom)
209:In the absence of any
394:10.15184/aqy.2022.170
126:the Central Highlands
245:Narom, Keo (2005).
145:Austronesian people
111:Ratanakiri Province
847:Horns and trumpets
452:Kersalé, Patrick.
195:Whereas the Jarai
1252:Bowed instruments
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285:978-1-4724-1413-7
258:978-1-58886-083-5
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547:Roneat thung
461:. Retrieved
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305:. Springer.
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34:Jarai people
28:
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896:Kyang Saing
674:Skor timila
563:Gong chimes
166:chordophone
164:is a bowed
156:Description
1267:Monochords
1241:Categories
1145:Kèn đám ma
1079:Đàn nguyệt
1033:Trống đồng
1023:Trống chầu
988:K'lông pút
963:Biên khánh
958:Biên chung
951:Percussion
638:Kagn Chram
607:Kong chmol
597:Kong thom
530:Xylophones
463:2022-08-27
352:"bsip2756"
327:"bsip2755"
225:References
186:tơsâu kơni
95:bas-relief
75:Jew's harp
1109:Đàn tỳ bà
1104:Đàn tranh
1028:Trống cơm
1018:Trống cái
1008:Song loan
1003:Sênh tiền
973:Chũm chọe
898:ខ្យងស័ង្ខ
891:Traw dauk
774:Kong ring
723:Tro Khmer
696:Skor yike
690:Skor daey
680:Skor thom
659:Skor yeam
612:Kong nyee
602:Kong mong
571:Kong toch
542:Roneat ek
402:0003-598X
382:Antiquity
211:sound box
174:resonator
83:Maulgeige
52:Etymology
1135:Đing năm
1099:Đàn tính
1064:Đàn đoản
833:Angkuoch
769:Kse diev
643:Kanderng
581:Kong mon
122:Cambodia
103:Cambodia
79:munngiga
46:Cambodia
1194:violins
1140:Kèn bầu
1094:Đàn tam
1089:Đàn sến
1084:Đàn nhị
1069:Đàn gáo
1059:Đàn đáy
1054:Đàn bầu
1049:Đàn brố
1042:Strings
983:Đàn môi
828:Pey pok
710:Fiddles
664:Samphor
422:4 March
361:4 March
336:4 March
215:humming
150:Myanmar
97:of the
89:History
38:Vietnam
1247:Cellos
1074:Đàn hồ
1013:T'rưng
978:Đàn đá
875:Chhing
823:Pey au
807:Sralai
783:Flutes
759:Krapeu
617:Khmuoh
534:Roneat
437:2005."
400:
309:
282:
255:
170:palate
1196:is a
1159:Other
998:Phách
868:Other
859:Sneng
838:Sneng
790:Khloy
652:Drums
631:Bells
590:Gongs
182:kapok
178:thaᴐ,
172:as a
99:Bayon
1198:stub
1128:Wind
1119:K'ni
968:Cảnh
902:Slek
886:Krap
881:Chap
818:Ploy
813:Kaen
754:Khim
728:Kanö
424:2023
398:ISSN
363:2023
338:2023
307:ISBN
280:ISBN
253:ISBN
202:The
197:k'ni
190:kơni
162:k'ni
160:The
137:k'ni
135:The
68:mim,
57:K'ni
40:and
29:memm
18:k'ni
16:The
1150:Sáo
854:Tre
749:Pin
733:Mim
717:Tro
622:Lau
532:or
390:doi
204:bow
192:".
141:mim
139:or
101:in
63:.
48:.
44:in
36:in
26:or
23:mim
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993:Mõ
456:.
442:^
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233:^
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