438:. During 1989 what the authorities perceived as a dangerous and apparently unstoppable growth in street protests was seen by Jutta Braband (and many others), as a desperate response to government repression, above all on the part of young people. "In one sense, the middle of 1989 saw a mood of irrational grief and helplessness which slowly but steadily grew into an unstoppable rage". On 3 October 1989 Braband's own young teenage daughter was one of approximately 6,000 protesters who invaded the grounds of the Czechoslovak embassy in a desperate attempt to obtain permissions necessary escape from East Germany via Czechoslovakia, just as Communist victims of Nazi persecution had done more than half a century earlier. The real breakthrough this time came in November 1989, however, when the
463:. Jutta Braband's perception of western society was not uncritical, however. She was opposed to what she saw as the west's masculine value system and the dominating role assigned to money, which perverted the possibilities for personal development. She was keen to work with others completely to democratise the "German Democratic Republic", and to ensure that fellow citizens were fully empowered through being informed about political developments. She was not in favour of some sort of incorporation of East Germany into an unreformed version of the
551:
any money for expensive clothes, and she could not afford to sell her things as cheaply as she had in the GDR". She quoted her daughter, by this time herself another single mother: "I'm going to find a rich man to support me." Although the remark was presented as a joke, it was not a joke that would have made much sense in the German
Democratic Republic before 1990, where for a woman "that sort of dependence on a man was unknown". In 1993 she also became a trustee for the foundation responsible for the
1020:
308:
Later, in
September 1991, presumably in the expectation that at some stage someone would find evidence of her collaboration in the Stasi files, she voluntarily admitted her Stasi collaboration during the early 1970s. Subsequent research of the records indicated that Braband's spying activities led to imprisonment for at least three fellow citizens. One of these was later condemned as a "western spy" and jailed, while she also disclosed the plans of two friends to
1025:
406:. Her candidature was contentious because she had recently, as an East German citizen, worked with a West German film company. She would later pay tribute to the courage displayed by the VBK admissions panel which accepted her application in the face of significant official opposition to it. Membership opened the way for further training and progression in her career as a designer.
390:. The text of the letter and the possible consequences of sending it were widely discussed between those involved, along with other related issues. Klein and Braband were identified as the leading instigators of the letter. They were both arrested and held in investigatory detention for seven months, after which, in April 1980, both were found guilty of "unlawful association" (
426:. Developments in Moscow certainly undermined the confidence of the leadership in East Berlin, but from the perspective of citizens such as Braband the government response was one of increasing repression. This increasingly served to encourage street protests, however, as the realisation dawned on protesters and party leadership alike that the
250:
though over time some of her questions became closer to criticisms. Combining her study at the
Academy for Foreign Trade with a day job administering foreign trade imposed an awareness of political contradictions between political ideals and reality, and she became involved in disputes about ethical-moral questions. In August 1968 the
229:. Sources indicate that the reason given - insufficient intensity of study - were a pretext, and that her exclusion was implemented on "political grounds". She was sent to work in the manufacturing sector, becoming a skilled operative, and then a technical operative in a Berlin textiles factory and/or a Berlin electronics factory.
923:"Dieses Land, das ich ganz bewußt, auch als die Stasi es mir anbot, nicht verlassen habe, weil ich eben nicht in dieser westlichen Gesellschaft leben will, die mit ihrem männlichen Leistungsbegriff und ihrem obersten Wert Geld, der die Möglichkeiten der persönlichen Entfaltung pervertiert, für mich keine Alternative darstellt. "
526:. Nationally the PDS secured a vote share slightly below 2.5%, but in former East Germany the party polled more strongly, and Braband's name was high enough up the party list for her to secure one of the 18 parliamentary seats allocated to it. However, in September 1991 she contributed an article to the newspaper
397:
On her release Jutta
Braband remained outside the political mainstream, and adhered to her "dissident" views, but while her political ideas continued to evolve, for most of the 1980s her dissent was more theoretical than activist. She now had a young daughter and in 1983 her son, Till, was born. She
550:
In East
Germany before 1989 Jutta Braband had supported herself as a free-lance fashion designer, but in the reunited Germany she found this career was no longer so readily available. She worked as a dress maker in 1994/95. Interviewed in 1998, however, she explained that "no one in East Berlin had
348:
was stripped of his East German citizenship while on an officially authorized concert tour in West
Germany. This was part of a larger sustained government campaign against people, often in the public eye, whose doubts about the political situation in East Germany had become known to the authorities
275:
in the 1930s. The attitude of the East German press to Spain suddenly reversed, while questionable invoicing practices that she encountered in her work, involving trade with Spain, seemed unchanged. In the political seminars which were a feature of office life in East
Germany she found herself in
249:
and, after she was permitted to join the party itself on reaching the age of 18, proud to back the party ideals and keen to keep a finger on the party pulse. But she was also the young comrade who always had questions. For several years her questions were always dealt with in a friendly way, even
517:
as it came to terms with a multi-party democratic system. The proliferation of left-wing splinter groups that had been a feature of the German
Democratic Republic during its final months now rapidly fizzled out, and it was on the candidate list of the PDS that Jutta Braband presented herself for
307:
being opened up to the scrutiny of scholars, journalists, and citizens. Braband herself believed at the time that information she provided to her Stasi handlers was of little importance, but she nevertheless took the slightly unusually step of expressly ending her collaboration after four years.
324:
Around 1975, deciding that work could and should be fun, she embarked on a career as a freelance textiles and fashion designer, starting with a period as a trainee hand-weaver at a Berlin workshop. She withdrew from further active involvement with the party, acknowledging to herself that tight
876:
Gibt es eine
Kontinuität zwischen dem 12-jährigen Mädchen, das nach Cuba wollte, um Fidel Castro zu helfen, der 22-jährigen, die 4 Jahre lang inoffizielle Mitarbeiterin der Stasi war, und der 42-jährigen, die dann nach vielen Oppositionsjahren und obwohl Mitglied einer BürgerInnenbewegung des
312:, which led to the two of them being imprisoned. She later tried to put the Stasi collaboration out of her mind, but when confronted with the evidence of the archives she acknowledged that she had been stupid and naive, and that she must have signed a standard Stasi "Statement of obligation" (
454:
had espoused with democratic structures in place of the repressive structures of the old German
Democratic Republic became the goal. The reunification agenda was nevertheless impossible to ignore, given the economic bankruptcy of the East German state and the extent to which the political
258:
forces shocked her deeply: she became increasingly concerned with the way in which the identity of the officially identified "class enemy" changed over time. Around this time the East German government "normalised" diplomatic relations with
377:
because they had publicly opposed official criticism. Exclusion meant they would be unable to have their work published and effectively amounted to a writing ban in both halves of Germany. Jutta Braband, together with
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was broken open and then crossed by street protestors. At that point it became screamingly obvious that the Soviet forces standing by had received no orders to intervene and rescue the Honecker government.
740:
Die SED-Nachfolgepartei PDS nutzt den Freitod eines Genossen für den Versuch, die Stasi-Debatte abzuwürgen. Die SED-Nachfolgepartei PDS nutzt den Freitod eines Genossen für den Versuch, die Stasi-Debatte
490:, a grouping of left-wing opposition groups in East Germany dedicated to democratic reform. It was as the representative of the VL that she participated as a member in Berlin and nationally of the
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316:) and received both a Stasi cover name and, over the four years of her activity as an "IM", at least the 14,000 Marks disclosed by the records, in return for information provided.
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was a complicated one that changed over time. Her parents both became party members, and political indifference was not an option in the family home. She was a member of the
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Her lifestyle changes also brought her into contact with a number of new friends, many of whom would later come to be identified as "East German dissidents". These included
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confrontations with seminar leaders. The tolerance and honesty that had characterised earlier political discussions were no longer apparent and her job was downgraded.
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After that, political progress towards a more democratic version of socialism in East Germany became seemingly unstoppable. For many participants in the so-called
344:. Like Braband, they had lost faith in the progress of the "developing socialist society". These friendships would have a lasting impact on her own life. In 1976,
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Nevertheless, despite being formally "dematriculated" in 1972 she was able, by 1975, to complete her study course in foreign trade through "extramural study".
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opened the way to tertiary education, and in 1969 she embarked on a course of study at the Academy for Foreign Trade in Berlin. However, in 1972 she was
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559:, a multi-faceted arts and culture centre in downtown Berlin. During this time, in 2002, she changed her forename from Jutta to Judith.
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of the time). Braband felt personally affected by the overtly political trials of Rupert Schröter and Rudi Molt, the house arrest of
174:
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386:, the country's leader, and soliciting others to join them in signing it. Braband now also formally resigned her membership of
605:
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185:. Her father was a building engineer: her mother was a police officer. Between 1965 and 1967 she undertook a traineeship in
1496:
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in Berlin, serving as chair of the trustees between 1997 and 2003. Between 1995 and 2005 she served as chief executive of
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137:. Her parliamentary career ended in May 1992 after it had become known that fifteen years earlier she had worked for the
379:
329:
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471:
683:
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973:. Verein zur Begleitung öffentlicher Diskussion in den Innenstadtbezirken e. V. (berliner stadtzeitung scheinschlag)
4702:
4216:
2864:
510:
451:
431:
387:
238:
210:
78:
478:, a short-lived political party which four months later would be the only all-women political party to compete in
639:
370:
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4852:
2778:
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Herbstes in der DDR ausgerechnet auf der Wahlliste der Partei kandidierte, die das Erbe der SED angetreten hat?
271:" dictator against whom many comrades now living out their final decades in East Germany had fought during the
939:
4955:
672:
Dinah Jane Dodds (interviewer, translator and editor-compiler); Pam Allen-Thompson (editor-compiler) (1994).
217:
which had become the country's ruling party by the time of the relaunch of the Soviet occupation zone as the
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that included a very public disclosure that for four years in her early 20s she had been in the pay of
483:
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establishment had become discredited, while from the west came an unwavering commitment on the part of
218:
118:
5105:
4139:
3955:
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1389:
1177:
1151:
805:
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869:"Ein Leben in der DDR vor und nach dem Fall der Mauer ... Eine junge Genossin, die noch Fragen hat"
3533:
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349:(and, in many cases more significantly, to the wider public through word of mouth and the other
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57:
53:
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821:""Wo ein Genosse ist, da ist die Partei!"? - Stabilität und Erosion an der SED-Parteibasis"
502:
460:
304:
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4285:
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482:. It was also in December 1989 that she joined and took a senior leadership position with
8:
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612:. Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin
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might no longer be poised ready to intervene against civilian protesters as they had in
237:
The party was a central feature in Jutta Czichotzke's adult life. Her relationship with
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542:. A media storm ensued and she resigned her seat in the Bundestag in April/May 1992.
527:
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246:
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In 1979 Braband and her friends learned that ten authors had been expelled from the
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lived as a divorced single mother in Berlin. In 1982 she became a member of the
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and Stefan Fechner, reacted by drafting a joint letter of protest addressed to
337:
309:
170:
49:
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325:
adherence to some kind of "party discipline" had not led to a better society.
173:, a small town close to the northern coast of a region which at that time was
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1979:
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826:. Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin. Archived from
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1810:
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456:
439:
419:
415:
255:
5101:
Members of the Bundestag for the Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany)
4765:
3172:
1369:
1302:
1156:
1374:
519:
300:
299:. This aspect of her life became public knowledge only in 1991 after
202:
182:
130:
122:
4174:
647:
480:
East Germany's first (and as matters turned out last) free election
350:
940:"Five Years after Reunification: East German Women in Transition"
556:
394:) and sentenced to prison terms of 15 and 9 months respectively.
268:
114:
247:
Free German Youth (effectively the youth wing of the ruling SED)
222:
206:
190:
470:
In December 1989 Braband became a member of the newly created
964:
531:
288:
138:
459:, Kremlin acquiescence having been secured, to implementing
287:
Between 1971 and 1975 Jutta Braband was registered with the
513:
had undergone a relaunch, and now presented itself as the
667:
665:
662:
606:"Braband, Jutta (Judith) * 13.3.1949 Bürgerrechtlerin"
768:
764:
762:
644:
Eine PDS-Abgeordnete stellt sich ihrer Vergangenheit
5066:
Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany) politicians
905:. Landeszentrale für politische Bildung , Stuttgart
759:
678:. Univ of Massachusetts Press. pp. 153–165.
5047:
891:
730:
728:
726:
5081:Politicians from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
509:was held two months later. East Germany's old
4963:
4860:
4703:
4217:
2865:
1074:
1003:
866:
637:
161:
3632:(from 22 October 1992 until 29 October 1992)
899:"Fall der Berliner Mauer - 9. November 1989"
723:
599:
597:
595:
593:
591:
213:"Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands"
937:
933:
931:
929:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
505:took place, formally, on 3 October 1990. A
201:and moved on to work in industry, first in
4970:
4956:
4867:
4853:
4710:
4696:
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2858:
1081:
1067:
1010:
996:
862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
450:, combining the socialist ideals that the
121:she was a civil rights activist who after
1029:Members of the 12th Bundestag (1990–1994)
818:
812:
633:
631:
629:
627:
603:
219:German Democratic Republic (East Germany)
5061:Socialist Unity Party of Germany members
5056:Members of the Bundestag for Brandenburg
4044:(from 10 June 1991 until 21 August 1994)
926:
568:
845:
532:the Ministry for State Security (Stasi)
5048:
879:. Zeitung für Darmstädt. pp. 9–10
640:"Warum habe ich so lange geschwiegen?"
624:
545:
465:German Federal Republic (West Germany)
5035:List of members of the 12th Bundestag
4951:
4848:
4691:
4205:
2853:
1062:
991:
965:Katrin Scharnweber; Johannes Touché.
209:. She also, aged just 18, joined the
958:
392:"ungesetzlicher Verbindungsaufnahme"
319:
946:. New Prairie Press. pp. 34–36
553:House of Democracy and Human Rights
515:Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS)
428:Soviet troops occupying the country
289:Ministry for State Security (Stasi)
13:
638:Jutta Braband (28 February 1992).
414:During the mid-1980s the winds of
221:back in October 1949. Passing the
14:
5117:
778:. Ch. Links Verlag. p. 403.
775:Jutta Braband (Vereinigte Linken)
434:and, more recently in Prague, in
373:"Deutscher Schriftstellerverband"
1023:
1018:
351:informal communications channels
227:"dematriculated" from the course
4977:
1088:
867:Jutta Braband (24 April 1992).
967:"Regenbogen oder Cremefarben?"
917:
400:Association of Visual Artists
1:
562:
418:blowing from, of all places,
371:German Writers' Association (
364:
139:Ministry for State Security (
113:, 13 March 1949) is a former
497:
474:" Unabhängige Frauenverband"
472:Independent Women's League (
402:"Verband Bildender Künstler"
232:
7:
4475:Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger
538:"inoffizieller Mitarbeiter"
295:"inoffizieller Mitarbeiter"
149:"inoffizieller Mitarbeiter"
10:
5122:
5071:People from Barth, Germany
4874:
747:(online). 24 February 1992
409:
252:invasion of Czechoslovakia
162:Provenance and early years
119:German Democratic Republic
5030:
4983:
4944:
4892:
4880:
4841:
4735:
4723:
4684:
4249:
4237:
4198:
2902:
2885:
2846:
1111:
1094:
1055:
1035:
314:"Verpflichtungserklärung"
239:the Socialist Unity Party
96:
88:
74:
64:
38:
23:
4820:(until 15 February 1992)
3760:(until 2 September 1992)
2892:until 12 November 1991;
2038:(until 6 September 1993)
1433:(until 12 February 1991)
1427:(from 29 September 1992)
1101:until 25 November 1991;
282:
181:. She grew up in nearby
4717:
4348:(until 27 January 1994)
4231:
3601:(until 8 December 1992)
3500:(from 3 September 1993)
2879:
2563:(until 31 January 1991)
2521:(until 31 January 1994)
2306:(until 20 October 1991)
1931:(from 13 February 1991)
1925:(until 6 December 1993)
1889:(until 15 October 1991)
1625:(until 7 February 1993)
1567:(from 11 November 1993)
1361:(from 6 September 1993)
1169:(until 3 November 1993)
610:Wer war wer in der DDR?
211:Socialist Unity Party (
156:
4527:(from 1 February 1994)
4070:(until 14 August 1994)
3847:(from 8 December 1992)
3389:(from 30 October 1992)
3007:(until 8 October 1992)
2373:(until 3 January 1993)
2248:(from 1 February 1994)
1987:(from 8 February 1993)
1858:(from 12 October 1991)
1681:(until 24 August 1992)
1609:(from 1 February 1991)
1573:(from 8 December 1993)
1123:(from 22 October 1991)
492:"Round Table" movement
357:and the sentencing of
179:Soviet occupation zone
58:Soviet occupation zone
54:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
5076:People from Stralsund
4461:(until 2 August 1992)
3724:(until 22 April 1993)
3084:(from 16 August 1994)
2970:(from 22 August 1994)
2896:from 12 November 1991
2552:(from 5 January 1993)
2206:(until 23 March 1994)
1105:from 25 November 1991
903:Die DDR im Unterricht
770:Helmut Müller-Enbergs
511:Socialist Unity Party
263:, a country ruled by
187:industry and commerce
4768:(from 11 March 1992)
4282:(from 7 August 1992)
3766:(until 27 June 1992)
3252:(until 31 July 1994)
2919:(from 3 August 1994)
2440:(from 24 March 1994)
2300:(until 30 June 1993)
2289:(until 30 June 1994)
1807:(from 12 March 1992)
1315:(until 8 March 1992)
938:Dinah Dodds (1998).
461:German reunification
301:German reunification
191:school final exams (
131:Germany parliament (
4424:(until 12 May 1992)
4276:(until 27 May 1994)
4187:(until 3 July 1991)
4081:(from 29 June 1992)
3983:(until 7 July 1993)
3668:(from 12 July 1993)
3226:(until 7 June 1991)
3205:(until 7 June 1991)
3028:(from 10 June 1991)
2389:(until 31 May 1992)
2227:(from 22 July 1993)
2139:(from 10 June 1992)
1556:(until 31 May 1992)
1550:(until 21 May 1992)
546:After the Bundestag
520:German parliament (
448:Peaceful Revolution
117:politician. In the
4814:(from 21 May 1992)
4752:(until 2 May 1992)
4578:(from 22 May 1992)
4435:(from 8 June 1994)
4331:Funke-Schmitt-Rink
4243:Hermann Otto Solms
4115:Wettig-Danielmeier
2991:(from 4 July 1991)
2362:(from 22 May 1992)
2287:Schönburg-Glauchau
2150:(from 1 June 1992)
1504:(from 1 July 1994)
736:"Neues Maueropfer"
704:has generic name (
486:"Vereinigte Linke"
310:escape the country
199:sixth form college
68:Political activist
5096:East German women
5043:
5042:
5026:
5025:
4940:
4939:
4837:
4836:
4680:
4679:
4194:
4193:
3373:(from 3 May 1993)
2894:Hans-Ulrich Klose
2890:Hans-Jochen Vogel
2842:
2841:
2393:Steinbach-Hermann
2335:Schwarz-Schilling
2087:Rahardt-Vahldieck
1103:Wolfgang Schäuble
785:978-3-86153-037-4
528:Neues Deutschland
320:Lifestyle changes
273:Spanish Civil War
189:. She passed her
104:
103:
31:
18:German politician
5113:
5106:Stasi informants
4972:
4965:
4958:
4949:
4948:
4869:
4862:
4855:
4846:
4845:
4712:
4705:
4698:
4689:
4688:
4561:Schmalz-Jacobsen
4226:
4219:
4212:
4203:
4202:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2850:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1012:
1005:
998:
989:
988:
983:
982:
980:
978:
962:
956:
955:
953:
951:
935:
924:
921:
915:
914:
912:
910:
895:
889:
888:
886:
884:
873:
864:
843:
842:
840:
838:
832:
825:
816:
810:
809:
803:
799:
797:
789:
766:
757:
756:
754:
752:
732:
721:
720:
714:
709:
703:
699:
697:
689:
669:
660:
659:
657:
655:
635:
622:
621:
619:
617:
601:
518:election to the
507:general election
265:Francisco Franco
245:and then of the
167:Jutta Czichotzke
145:as a registered
111:Jutta Czichotzke
70:Bundestag member
43:Jutta Czichotzke
27:
21:
20:
5121:
5120:
5116:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5046:
5045:
5044:
5039:
5022:
4979:
4976:
4936:
4888:
4876:
4873:
4833:
4731:
4719:
4716:
4676:
4245:
4233:
4230:
4190:
3926:Sonntag-Wolgast
3916:Skarpelis-Sperk
3011:Brandt-Elsweier
2898:
2881:
2878:
2838:
1107:
1090:
1087:
1051:
1031:
1024:
1019:
1016:
986:
976:
974:
963:
959:
949:
947:
936:
927:
922:
918:
908:
906:
897:
896:
892:
882:
880:
871:
865:
846:
836:
834:
833:on 4 March 2016
830:
823:
819:Sabine Pannen.
817:
813:
801:
800:
791:
790:
786:
767:
760:
750:
748:
734:
733:
724:
712:
711:
701:
700:
691:
690:
686:
670:
663:
653:
651:
636:
625:
615:
613:
604:Silvia Müller.
602:
569:
565:
548:
500:
412:
367:
355:Robert Havemann
322:
285:
235:
164:
159:
81:
75:Political party
69:
60:
47:
45:
44:
34:
32:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
5119:
5109:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4975:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4952:
4946:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4872:
4871:
4864:
4857:
4849:
4843:
4839:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4747:
4742:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4715:
4714:
4707:
4700:
4692:
4686:
4682:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4602:Seiler-Albring
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4430:
4425:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4277:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4206:
4200:
4196:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4140:Wieczorek-Zeul
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4071:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3761:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3534:Matthäus-Maier
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:Däubler-Gmelin
3074:
3072:Daubertshäuser
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2854:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2553:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2301:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2204:Scharrenbroich
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1099:Alfred Dregger
1095:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1063:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1015:
1014:
1007:
1000:
992:
985:
984:
971:ACUD chronisch
957:
925:
916:
890:
844:
811:
784:
758:
722:
702:|author1=
684:
661:
623:
566:
564:
561:
547:
544:
499:
496:
411:
408:
384:Erich Honecker
366:
363:
338:Bettina Wegner
321:
318:
305:Stasi archives
284:
281:
243:Young Pioneers
234:
231:
197:and the local
163:
160:
158:
155:
129:member of the
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
48:
42:
40:
36:
35:
25:Judith Braband
24:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5118:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5091:Living people
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5029:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4961:
4959:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4943:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4891:
4887:
4886:Werner Schulz
4884:
4879:
4870:
4865:
4863:
4858:
4856:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4730:
4727:
4722:
4713:
4708:
4706:
4701:
4699:
4694:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4236:
4227:
4222:
4220:
4215:
4213:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4197:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3987:Titze-Stecher
3985:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3825:Schmidt-Zadel
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3770:Schaich-Walch
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2953:Becker-Inglau
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2884:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2863:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2614:Frankenhauser
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Waldburg-Zeil
2492:
2490:
2489:Waffenschmidt
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1183:Bergmann-Pohl
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Augustinowitz
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1043:Rita Süssmuth
1040:
1034:
1030:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1001:
999:
994:
993:
990:
972:
968:
961:
945:
941:
934:
932:
930:
920:
904:
900:
894:
878:
870:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
849:
829:
822:
815:
807:
795:
787:
781:
777:
776:
771:
765:
763:
746:
742:
737:
731:
729:
727:
718:
707:
695:
687:
685:0-87023-933-3
681:
677:
676:
675:Jutta Braband
668:
666:
649:
645:
641:
634:
632:
630:
628:
611:
607:
600:
598:
596:
594:
592:
590:
588:
586:
584:
582:
580:
578:
576:
574:
572:
567:
560:
558:
554:
543:
541:
539:
533:
529:
525:
523:
516:
512:
508:
504:
503:Reunification
495:
493:
489:
487:
484:United Left (
481:
477:
475:
468:
466:
462:
458:
453:
449:
444:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
407:
405:
403:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
374:
362:
360:
356:
352:
347:
346:Wolf Biermann
343:
339:
335:
334:Wolf Biermann
331:
326:
317:
315:
311:
306:
303:which led to
302:
298:
296:
290:
280:
277:
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
253:
248:
244:
240:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
214:
208:
205:and later in
204:
200:
196:
194:
188:
184:
180:
177:as Germany's
176:
172:
168:
154:
152:
150:
144:
142:
136:
134:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
107:Jutta Braband
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
67:
65:Occupation(s)
63:
59:
55:
51:
46:13 March 1949
41:
37:
33:Jutta Braband
30:
22:
16:
4987:
4932:Wollenberger
4896:
4882:
4749:
4739:
4725:
4253:
4239:
4090:Weisskirchen
3800:Schluckebier
3743:Reuschenbach
3646:Oostergetelo
3057:Caspers-Merk
2906:
2887:
2749:Regenspurger
2583:
2277:Schockenhoff
1115:
1096:
1037:
975:. Retrieved
970:
960:
948:. Retrieved
944:GDR Bulletin
943:
919:
907:. Retrieved
902:
893:
881:. Retrieved
875:
835:. Retrieved
828:the original
814:
774:
749:. Retrieved
739:
674:
652:. Retrieved
643:
614:. Retrieved
609:
549:
537:
521:
501:
485:
473:
469:
445:
424:East Germany
413:
401:
396:
391:
380:Thomas Klein
372:
368:
359:Rudolf Bahro
330:Thomas Klein
327:
323:
313:
294:
286:
278:
236:
212:
192:
175:administered
169:was born in
166:
165:
148:
140:
132:
110:
106:
105:
28:
15:
5086:1949 births
4978:Independent
4729:Gregor Gysi
4145:Wiefelspütz
3840:Schöfberger
3805:Schmidbauer
3599:Müntefering
3539:Mattischeck
3387:Klejdzinski
3281:Heistermann
3266:Hartenstein
3261:Hanewinckel
3098:Dobberthien
2917:Alltschekow
2649:Hasselfeldt
2609:Faltlhauser
2556:Wonneberger
2464:Verhülsdonk
2413:Stoltenberg
2408:Stockhausen
2387:Stavenhagen
2241:Schmidbauer
2143:Riesenhuber
2112:Reichenbach
2036:Pfeffermann
1898:Marschewski
1770:Krziskewitz
1497:Hammerstein
1089:CDU and CSU
802:|work=
745:Der Spiegel
713:|work=
536:informant (
522:"Bundestag"
457:Helmut Kohl
440:Berlin Wall
416:Perestroika
293:informant (
256:Warsaw Pact
147:informant (
29:before 2002
5050:Categories
4592:Schwaetzer
4576:Schnittler
4470:Lambsdorff
4377:Guttmacher
4346:Gattermann
4291:Cronenberg
4085:Weißgerber
4053:Wartenberg
4037:Waltemathe
3992:Toetemeyer
3891:Seidenthal
3881:Schwanhold
3641:Oesinghaus
3630:Niggemeyer
3625:Niggemeier
3438:Kubatschka
3433:Kretkowski
3271:Hasenfratz
3188:Ganseforth
3062:Catenhusen
2764:Rossmanith
2540:Wisniewski
2514:Wiechatzek
2293:Schorlemer
1985:Niedenthal
1908:Meckelburg
1893:Marienfeld
1841:Lischewski
1695:Kittelmann
1560:Herkenrath
1502:Handschack
1477:Grochtmann
1462:Göttsching
1400:Fockenberg
1334:Echternach
1319:Dörflinger
1283:Carstensen
1258:Brunnhuber
1253:Brudlewsky
1162:Baumeister
1147:Austermann
977:17 October
950:17 October
909:17 October
883:16 October
751:15 October
741:abzuwürgen
654:15 October
616:15 October
563:References
365:Dissidence
342:Gerd Poppe
92:(divorced)
4756:Enkelmann
4657:Wolfgramm
4571:Schmieder
4500:Möllemann
4495:Mischnick
4407:Homburger
4402:Hitschler
4387:Haussmann
4321:Friedrich
4316:Friedhoff
4301:Engelhard
4286:Bredehorn
4165:Wohlleben
4135:Wieczorek
4130:Wieczorek
4063:Weiermann
4007:Verheugen
3886:Schwanitz
3851:Schreiner
3785:Scheffler
3733:Rennebach
3478:Leidinger
3428:Koschnick
3377:Kirschner
3168:Formanski
3088:Diederich
3042:Burchardt
2933:Bachmaier
2928:Antretter
2888:Speaker:
2824:Zeitlmann
2784:Schneider
2664:Hollerith
2619:Friedrich
2519:Wieczorek
2499:Warrikoff
2310:Schulhoff
2304:Schroeder
2298:Schreiber
2122:Reinhardt
2107:Reddemann
2082:Pützhofen
1821:Lieberoth
1735:Kossendey
1685:Karwatzki
1654:Junghanns
1582:Hoffacker
1487:Grünewald
1354:Eppelmann
1349:Engelmann
1313:Doppmeier
1152:Bargfrede
1121:Ackermann
1097:Speaker:
1039:President
804:ignored (
794:cite book
715:ignored (
694:cite book
498:Bundestag
388:The Party
233:The party
203:Stralsund
183:Stralsund
133:Bundestag
125:became a
5018:Stachowa
4988:Members:
4897:Members:
4883:Speaker:
4824:Schumann
4740:Members:
4726:Speaker:
4667:Zurheide
4622:Teichman
4617:Starnick
4587:Schuster
4582:Schüßler
4520:Paintner
4465:Laermann
4454:Koppelin
4439:Kleinert
4392:Heinrich
4362:Grünbeck
4352:Genscher
4341:Ganschow
4311:Feldmann
4274:Beckmann
4259:Albowitz
4254:Members:
4240:Speaker:
4110:Westrich
4079:Weisheit
3997:Urbaniak
3971:Thalheim
3951:Stiegler
3936:Sperling
3871:Schuster
3861:Schröter
3856:Schröter
3795:Schloten
3656:Ostertag
3636:Odendahl
3529:Matterne
3524:Matschie
3488:Leonhard
3483:Lennartz
3463:Lambinus
3453:Kuhlwein
3448:Kuessner
3418:Koltzsch
3382:Klappert
3366:Kastning
3356:Jungmann
3316:Ibrügger
3296:Hilsberg
3276:Hauchler
3250:Hämmerle
3235:Großmann
3183:Fuhrmann
2963:Bernrath
2907:Members:
2819:Wittmann
2814:Wittmann
2799:Spranger
2789:Seehofer
2744:Ramsauer
2734:Protzner
2604:Eichhorn
2572:Würzbach
2550:Wohlrabe
2545:Wissmann
2444:Tillmann
2433:Süssmuth
2398:Stercken
2377:Sothmann
2340:Schwörer
2325:Schwalbe
2231:Schemken
2220:Schäuble
2215:Schätzle
2189:Rüttgers
2159:Roitzsch
2148:Ringkamp
2117:Reinartz
2047:Pfeiffer
2021:Paziorek
1887:Maizière
1790:Lattmann
1760:Kronberg
1755:Kriedner
1705:Klinkert
1669:Kampeter
1634:Janovsky
1587:Hornhues
1548:Helmrich
1298:Dempwolf
1278:Carstens
1233:Borchert
1188:Bierling
1137:Augustin
837:23 March
772:(1992).
650:(online)
648:Die Zeit
97:Children
4922:Ullmann
4829:Seifert
4812:Philipp
4802:Lederer
4761:Fischer
4750:Braband
4672:Zywietz
4566:Schmidt
4556:Schäfer
4541:Richter
4505:Nolting
4459:Kubicki
4372:Günther
4185:Zumkley
4160:Wittich
4100:Wernitz
4048:Walther
3981:Tietjen
3976:Thierse
3966:Terborg
3946:Steiner
3901:Sielaff
3896:Seuster
3866:Schulte
3845:Schöler
3835:Schnell
3830:Schmude
3820:Schmidt
3815:Schmidt
3810:Schmidt
3764:Schäfer
3738:Reschke
3728:Renesse
3717:Reimann
3672:Paterna
3615:Niehuis
3610:Neumann
3605:Neumann
3569:Mosdorf
3559:Mertens
3554:Meißner
3519:Mascher
3498:Lörcher
3493:Lohmann
3473:Larcher
3393:Klemmer
3361:Kastner
3341:Jaunich
3321:Iwersen
3311:Huonker
3214:Gleicke
3203:Gerster
3198:Gautier
3163:Fischer
3158:Fischer
3118:Eckardt
3103:Dreßler
3067:Conradi
3052:Büttner
3032:Bulmahn
3026:Büchner
3021:Büchler
3000:Börnsen
2974:Beucher
2943:Bartsch
2794:Spilker
2779:Schmidt
2704:Lintner
2694:Koschyk
2684:Kiechle
2659:Hinsken
2567:Wülfing
2484:Vondran
2454:Uelhoff
2423:Stübgen
2403:Stetten
2366:Skowron
2355:Seiters
2345:Seesing
2330:Schwarz
2315:Schulte
2272:Schmude
2267:Schmitz
2262:Schmidt
2257:Schmidt
2252:Schmidt
2246:Schmidt
2236:Schmalz
2210:Schartz
2137:Riegert
2077:Priebus
2067:Pofalla
2057:Pflüger
2052:Pfennig
2042:Pfeifer
2031:Petzold
2001:Olderog
1980:Neumann
1975:Neuling
1940:Mildner
1935:Michels
1929:Michalk
1856:Löwisch
1846:Lohmann
1836:Lippold
1826:Limbach
1800:Laumann
1780:Lammert
1659:Jüttner
1639:Jeltsch
1602:Hörster
1597:Hörsken
1592:Hornung
1571:Hiebing
1543:Hellwig
1533:Hedrich
1518:Haschke
1513:Haschke
1508:Harries
1492:Günther
1452:Gibtner
1447:Gerster
1442:Geldern
1437:Geißler
1431:Geisler
1415:Fuchtel
1405:Francke
1395:Fischer
1390:Fischer
1380:Feilcke
1365:Eylmann
1329:Dregger
1308:Diemers
1288:Clemens
1268:Büttner
1243:Brähmig
1238:Börnsen
1218:Bohlsen
1178:Bentrup
1132:Altherr
1056:CDU/CSU
410:Changes
269:Fascist
5013:Schenk
5008:Lowack
5003:Krause
4998:Hackel
4993:Briefs
4917:Schulz
4875:GRUENE
4807:Modrow
4797:Keller
4792:Jelpke
4662:Würfel
4632:Thomae
4627:Thiele
4607:Semper
4531:Peters
4510:Ortleb
4490:Menzel
4433:Jordan
4422:Hübner
4397:Hirsch
4382:Hansen
4367:Grüner
4336:Gallus
4150:Wimmer
4120:Wetzel
4105:Wester
4068:Weiler
4058:Wegner
4042:Walter
4032:Wallow
4027:Wagner
4002:Vergin
3956:Struck
3911:Singer
3876:Schütz
3790:Schily
3780:Scheer
3775:Schanz
3748:Reuter
3677:Penner
3594:Müller
3589:Müller
3584:Müller
3579:Müller
3574:Müller
3544:Meckel
3504:Lucyga
3458:Küster
3443:Kübler
3423:Körper
3413:Kolbow
3403:Knaape
3371:Kemper
3336:Janzen
3291:Hiller
3286:Heyenn
3256:Hampel
3245:Hacker
3209:Gilges
3193:Gansel
3153:Ferner
3143:Esters
3093:Diller
3016:Brecht
3005:Brandt
2984:Blunck
2979:Bindig
2968:Bersch
2958:Berger
2948:Becker
2923:Andres
2834:Zöller
2829:Zierer
2809:Warnke
2804:Waigel
2739:Raidel
2729:Probst
2724:Oswald
2719:Müller
2709:Männle
2679:Keller
2654:Hauser
2639:Götzer
2624:Geiger
2594:Bötsch
2535:Wimmer
2509:Wetzel
2504:Werner
2459:Uldall
2449:Töpfer
2428:Susset
2418:Strube
2382:Sprung
2371:Sopart
2360:Sikora
2350:Seibel
2320:Schulz
2282:Scholz
2225:Schell
2179:Rother
2169:Rönsch
2132:Rieder
2127:Repnik
2072:Pohler
2062:Pinger
2016:Päselt
1991:Nitsch
1965:Müller
1960:Müller
1955:Müller
1950:Molnar
1945:Möller
1923:Meseke
1918:Merkel
1903:Marten
1867:Luther
1862:Lummer
1851:Louven
1816:Lenzer
1775:Lamers
1765:Krüger
1745:Krause
1740:Krause
1720:Köhler
1715:Köhler
1690:Kauder
1679:Kappes
1623:Jagoda
1613:Jaffke
1577:Hintze
1554:Hennig
1528:Hauser
1523:Haungs
1457:Göhner
1425:Geiger
1344:Ehrbar
1339:Ehlers
1293:Dehnel
1273:Buwitt
1263:Bühler
1248:Breuer
1228:Böhmer
1203:Bleser
782:
682:
534:as an
476:/ UFV)
420:Moscow
291:as an
223:Abitur
215:/ SED)
207:Berlin
193:Abitur
115:German
109:(born
89:Spouse
4945:OTHER
4912:Poppe
4907:Köppe
4902:Feige
4842:GRÜNE
4818:Riege
4782:Heuer
4766:Fuchs
4745:Bläss
4612:Solms
4480:Lüder
4428:Irmer
4417:Hoyer
4357:Gries
4326:Funke
4306:Essen
4296:Eimer
4280:Blunk
4264:Babel
4180:Zöpel
4125:Weyel
4022:Vosen
4017:Voigt
4012:Vogel
3961:Tappe
3941:Steen
3931:Sorge
3921:Soell
3722:Rempe
3712:Rappe
3707:Purps
3692:Pfuhl
3687:Pfaff
3682:Peter
3666:Palis
3620:Niese
3564:Meyer
3468:Lange
3408:Kolbe
3398:Klose
3326:Jäger
3301:Holtz
3240:Haack
3224:Götte
3219:Glotz
3178:Fuchs
3173:Fuchs
3138:Erler
3133:Elmer
3123:Ehmke
3113:Ebert
3037:Bülow
2995:Böhme
2938:Barbe
2912:Adler
2774:Scheu
2754:Riedl
2714:Mayer
2699:Kraus
2689:Klein
2669:Jobst
2644:Gröbl
2589:Blank
2561:Worms
2525:Wilms
2479:Voigt
2469:Vogel
2438:Szwed
2199:Sauer
2194:Sauer
2164:Romer
2097:Rauen
2026:Pesch
1996:Nolte
1970:Nelle
1913:Meinl
1882:Mahlo
1877:Magin
1805:Lehne
1795:Laufs
1725:Kolbe
1700:Klein
1674:Kansy
1618:Jäger
1607:Hüppe
1538:Heise
1482:Grotz
1410:Fritz
1370:Eymer
1359:Erler
1303:Deres
1198:Blens
1193:Blank
1173:Belle
1167:Bayha
1157:Bauer
872:(PDF)
831:(PDF)
824:(PDF)
540:/ IM)
488:/ VL)
452:party
404:/ VBK
297:/ IM)
283:Stasi
267:, a "
261:Spain
171:Barth
141:Stasi
50:Barth
4927:Weiß
4787:Höll
4777:Henn
4772:Gysi
4652:Weng
4647:Walz
4642:Türk
4637:Timm
4597:Sehn
4551:Röhl
4546:Rind
4536:Pohl
4525:Parr
4515:Otto
4485:Lühr
4449:Kolb
4444:Kohn
4412:Hoth
4269:Baum
4175:Zapf
4170:Wolf
4155:With
4095:Welt
4074:Weis
3906:Simm
3758:Roth
3753:Rixe
3697:Pick
3661:Otto
3651:Opel
3549:Mehl
3514:Marx
3509:Maaß
3351:Jung
3346:Jens
3331:Janz
3306:Horn
3230:Graf
3148:Ewen
3128:Eich
3108:Duve
3082:Dehm
3047:Bury
2989:Bock
2769:Ruck
2759:Rose
2674:Kalb
2634:Glos
2629:Geis
2599:Dess
2584:CSU:
2577:Yzer
2530:Wilz
2474:Vogt
2184:Rühe
2174:Roth
2154:Rode
2102:Rawe
2011:Otto
1872:Maaß
1831:Link
1811:Lehr
1785:Lamp
1750:Krey
1730:Kors
1710:Kohl
1664:Kahl
1649:Jung
1644:Jork
1629:Jahn
1565:Herr
1472:Gres
1467:Götz
1420:Ganz
1385:Fell
1375:Falk
1324:Doss
1223:Böhm
1213:Bohl
1208:Blüm
1127:Adam
1116:CDU:
979:2017
952:2017
911:2017
885:2017
839:2015
806:help
780:ISBN
753:2017
717:help
706:help
680:ISBN
656:2017
618:2017
557:ACUD
436:1968
432:1953
340:and
157:Life
123:1990
39:Born
4718:PDS
4685:PDS
4232:FDP
4199:FDP
3702:Poß
2880:SPD
2847:SPD
2092:Rau
2006:Ost
1047:CDU
254:by
127:PDS
83:PDS
79:SED
5052::
1041::
969:.
942:.
928:^
901:.
874:.
847:^
798::
796:}}
792:{{
761:^
743:.
738:.
725:^
710:;
698::
696:}}
692:{{
664:^
646:.
642:.
626:^
608:.
570:^
494:.
467:.
361:.
336:,
332:,
153:.
56:,
52:,
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4964:t
4957:v
4868:e
4861:t
4854:v
4711:e
4704:t
4697:v
4225:e
4218:t
4211:v
2873:e
2866:t
2859:v
1082:e
1075:t
1068:v
1049:)
1045:(
1011:e
1004:t
997:v
981:.
954:.
913:.
887:.
841:.
808:)
788:.
755:.
719:)
708:)
688:.
658:.
620:.
524:)
375:)
195:)
151:)
143:)
135:)
100:2
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