July 2009 Ürümqi riots

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life imprisonment, for their roles in the riots. All six men were Uyghurs, and were found guilty of murder, arson and robbery during the riots. Foreign media said the sentences appeared to be aimed at mollifying the anger of the Han majority; the WUC denounced the verdict as "political", and said there was no desire to see justice served. Human Rights Watch said that there were "serious violations of due process" at the trials of 21 defendants relating to July protests. It said the trials "did not meet minimum international standards of due process and fair trials" – specifically, it said that the trials were carried out in a single day without prior public notice, that the defendants' choice of lawyers was restricted, and that the Party had given judges instructions on how to handle the cases. Xinhua, on the other hand, noted that the proceedings were conducted in both the Chinese and Uyghur languages, and that evidence had been carefully collected and verified before any decisions were made.

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torching police patrol cars and attacking passers-by. Soon, between 700 and 800 people went from the People's Square to Daximen and Xiaoximen area, "fighting, smashing, looting, torching and killing" along the way. At 9:30 pm, the government received reports that three people had been killed and 26 injured, six of whom were police officers. Police reinforcements were dispatched to hotspots of Renmin Road, Nanmen, Tuanjie Road, Yan'An Road and South Xinhua Road. Police took control of the main roadways and commercial districts in the city at around 10 pm, but riots continued in side streets and alleyways, with Han civilians attacked and cars overturned or torched, according to the mayor. Police then formed small teams and "swept" the entire city for the next two days. A strict curfew was put in place; authorities imposed "comprehensive traffic control" from 9:00 pm on 7 July to 8:00 am 8 July "to avoid further chaos".

1128: 1402: 974:, has reinforced a Uyghur ethnic identity that is distinct from the Han population, some scholars argue that Beijing unofficially favours a monolingual, monocultural model that is based on the majority. The authorities also crack down on any activity that appears to constitute separatism. These policies, in addition to long-standing cultural differences, have sometimes resulted in "resentments" between Uyghur and Han citizens. On one hand, as a result of Han immigration and government policies, Uyghurs' freedoms of religion and of movement are curtailed, while most Uyghurs argue that the government downplays their history and traditional culture. On the other hand, some Han citizens view Uyghurs as benefiting from special treatment, such as preferential admission to universities and exemption from the 1849: 1088:, chairman of the Xinjiang regional government, said on 6 July that overseas separatist forces had taken advantage of the Shaoguan incident "to instigate the unrest and undermine ethnic unity and social stability". The government blamed the World Uyghur Congress (WUC), an international organisation of exiled Uyghur groups, for coordinating and instigating the riots over the internet. Government sources blamed Kadeer in particular, citing her public speeches after the Tibetan unrest and phone recordings in which she had allegedly said that something would happen in Ürümqi. Chinese authorities accused a man who they alleged to be a key WUC member of inciting ethnic tensions by circulating a violent video, and urging Uyghurs, in an online forum, to "fight back with violence". 1069: 1931:

neighbourhoods of Ürümqi. A policy has been implemented where if all family members are unemployed, the government arranges for one person in the household to get a job; official announcements are calling upon university students to register for those payouts. The areas around slums are being redeveloped to reduce social risks, opening way to new apartment blocks. However, independent observers believe that fundamental inequalities need to be addressed, and the mindset must change for there to be any success; Ilham Tohti warned that the new policy could attract more Han immigration, and further alienate the Uyghur population.

1609: 12534: 130: 1590: 1009: 1810: 1060:, where many migrant workers are employed as part of a government programme to alleviate labour shortages. According to state media, a disgruntled former worker disseminated rumours in late June that two Han women had been raped by six Uyghur men. Official sources later said they found no evidence to support the rape allegation. Overnight on 25–26 June, tensions at the Guangdong factory led to a full-blown ethnic brawl between Uyghur and Han workers, during which two Uyghurs were killed. Exiled Uyghur leaders alleged the death toll was much higher. While the official 1307: 1268:. There were casualties among the rioters as well; for example, according to official accounts, a group of 12 rioters attacking civilians were shot by police. In the months following the riots, the government maintained that the majority of casualties were Han and hospitals said that two-thirds of the injured were Han, although the World Uyghur Congress claims that many Uyghurs were killed as well. According to the official count released by the Chinese government in August 2009, 134 of the 156 civilian victims were Han, 11 Hui, 10 Uyghur, and 1 39: 959:, and around 30 percent Han and Hui people in the north. Professor Stanley W. Toops noted that today's demographic situation is similar to that of the early Qing period in Xinjiang. At the start of the 19th century, 40 years after the Qing reconquest of the area, there were around 155,000 Han and Hui Chinese in Xinjiang and somewhat more than twice that number of Uyghurs. A census of Xinjiang under Qing rule in the early 19th century tabulated ethnic shares of the population as 30% 10738: 1867:. Officials believed that the attacks were targeting Han civilians and had been perpetrated by Uyghur separatists. In response to both concern over the attacks and dissatisfaction over the government's slowness in prosecuting people involved with the July riots, thousands of Han protested in the streets. On 3 September, five people died during the protests and 14 were injured, according to an official. The next day, the Communist Party secretary of Ürümqi, 1745:. There were instances of foreign journalists being taken into custody by the police, to be released shortly thereafter. On 10 July, officials ordered foreign media out of Kashgar, "for their own safety." Xia Lin, a top official at Xinhua, later revealed that violence caused by both sides during and after the riots had been downplayed or wholly unreported in official news channels, for the fear that the ethnic violence would spread beyond Ürümqi. 12546: 10750: 1030: 1016: 1198: 1341:, traditional Friday prayers, could reignite tensions. Large crowds of Uyghurs gathered for prayer anyway, however, and police decided to let two mosques open to avoid having an "incident". After prayers at the White Mosque, several hundred people demonstrated over people detained after the riot, but were dispersed by riot police, with five or six people arrested. 1147:

areas of South Jiefang Road, Erdaoqiao, and Shanxi Alley; by 7:30 pm, more than one thousand were gathered in front of a hospital in Shanxi Alley. At about 7:40 pm, more than 300 people blocked the roads in the Renmin Road and Nanmen area. According to Bekri, rioters began to smash buses at 8:18 pm, after police "controlled and dispersed" the crowd.

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cars. What has not been noted are the plain clothes police who went in and provoked the Uighurs. My view is that the Chinese wanted a riot in order to justify a larger crackdown; it's an attempt to create solidarity between the Han and the government at a time when there is insecurity. Provoking the crowd justifies that this was a Uighur mob.

1464:, noted that the government policies towards ethnic minorities "definitely need adjustments", otherwise "there will be some problems." A security planner said the authorities planned to fly in more troops from other stations to raise the number of armed police presence to 130,000 before the 60th anniversary celebrations in October. 1653:

urged "dialogue and goodwill" to help resolve grievances and prevent further deterioration of the situation. A U.S. government spokesman said the U.S. regretted the loss of life in Xinjiang, was deeply concerned and called on all sides to exercise restraint. U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly,

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later documented 43 cases of Uyghur men who disappeared after being taken away by Chinese security forces in large-scale sweeps of Uyghur neighbourhoods overnight on 6–7 July, and said that this was likely to be "just the tip of the iceberg". Human Rights Watch alleges that young men, mostly in their

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On 6 July, XUAR chairman Nur Bekri presented an official timeline of the previous day's events, according to which more than 200 demonstrators gathered in People's Square in Ürümqi at about 5 pm local time, and about 70 of their leaders were detained. Later, a crowd gathered in the mostly Uyghur

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Xinjiang is a large central-Asian region within the People's Republic of China comprising numerous ethnic groups. Its two largest ethnic groups are the Uyghurs and Han, who make up 45 and 40 per cent of the population, respectively. Its heavily industrialised capital, Ürümqi, has a population of more

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14 hours away to access the Internet normally. Within the city, only about 100 local sites, such as banks and regional government websites, could be accessed. Both incoming and outgoing international phone calls were disallowed, so Ürümqi residents could only communicate by calling intermediaries in

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While the city became calmer after these events, and the government made great efforts to show that life was returning to normal, an armed police presence did remain. As late as January 2010, it was reported that police were making patrols five or six times a day, and that patrols were stepped up at

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estimated that the number was higher, citing an insider saying that some 4,000 arrests had already taken place by mid July, and that Ürümqi's prisons were so full that newly arrested people were being held in a People's Liberation Army warehouse. According to the Uyghur American Association, several

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reporter that police entered Uyghur districts in the night of 6 July, burst through doors, pulled men and boys from their beds, and rounded up 100 suspects. By 7 July, officials reported that 1,434 suspected rioters had been arrested. A group of 200 to 300 Uyghur women assembled on 7 July to protest

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platoon after confrontations. Local Uyghurs blamed the security forces for using excessive force – they "attacked the protesters and arrested 50 people". Another clash was reported near the mosque on 7 July and an estimated 50 people were arrested. Up to 12,000 students at the Kashgar

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I was quite surprised by the loss of so many lives. Initially the protest was peaceful. You could even see Uighurs in the crowd holding Chinese flags. There were women and children, and that seemed at first like a good thing. But the Uighurs were provoked by Chinese security forces – dogs, armoured

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reported that limited e-mail services were also restored in Ürümqi on 8 February, although a BBC reporter writing at approximately the same time said e-mail was not accessible yet. Text messaging on cell phones was restored on 17 January, although there was a limit to how many messages a user could

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criticised the move, and many Ürümqi locals said it hurt businesses and delayed recovery, whereas David Gosset of the Euro-China forum argued that the government had the right to shut down communications for the sake of social stability; some locals believed that getting away from the Internet even

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In late August, the central government passed a law outlining standards for the deployment of armed police during "rebellion, riots, large-scale serious criminal violence, terror attacks and other social safety incidents." After the protests in early September, the government issued an announcement

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The state first announced criminal charges against detainees in late September, when it charged 21 people with "murder, arson, robbery, and damaging property". 14,000 security personnel were deployed in Ürümqi from 11 October, and the next day a Xinjiang court sentenced six men to death, and one to

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observed that "long-standing China commentators have been astonished at the speed at which Beijing has moved to seize the news agenda on this event," and attributed it to his belief that "China doesn't have a great deal to hide". A University of California, Berkeley academic agreed that the Chinese

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Japan stated that it was monitoring the situation with concern; Singapore urged restraint and dialogue; while Taiwan strongly condemned all those who instigated the violence. Taiwanese premier Liu Chiao-shiuan also urged restraint and expressed hope that the Chinese authorities will demonstrate the

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monitored continued attempts by netizens to publish their own thoughts on the causes of the incident or vent their anger about the violence. While some bloggers were supportive of the government, others were more reflective of the event's cause. On numerous forums and news sites, government workers

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In an effort to soothe tensions immediately after the riots, state media began a mass publicity campaign throughout Xinjiang extolling ethnic harmony. Local television programmes united Uyghur and Han singers in a chorus of "We are all part of the same family"; Uyghurs who "acted heroically" during

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reported that smaller fights were frequently breaking out between Uyghurs and Han, and that groups of Han citizens had organised to take revenge on "Uyghur mobs". Police used tear gas and roadblocks in an attempt to disperse the demonstration, and urged Han citizens over loudspeakers to "calm down"

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several months later suggested that religiously moderate Uyghurs may also have been attacked by rioters. Although the majority of rioters were Uyghur, not all Uyghurs were violent during the riots; there are accounts of Han and Uyghur civilians helping each other escape the violence and hide. About

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reported that the person responsible for spreading the rumours had been arrested, Uyghurs alleged that the authorities had failed to protect the Uyghur workers, or to arrest any of the Han people involved in the killings. They organised a street protest in Ürümqi on 5 July to voice their discontent

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In general, Uyghurs and the Han-dominated government disagree on which group has greater historical claim to the Xinjiang region: Uyghurs believe their ancestors were indigenous to the area, whereas government policy considers present-day Xinjiang to have belonged to China since around 200 BC.

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China has installed a grassroots network of officials throughout Xinjiang, its predominantly Muslim north-west frontier region, to address social risks and spot early signs of unrest: Hundreds of cadres have been transferred from southern Xinjiang, the region's poorest area, into socially unstable

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op-ed rebuked certain western media outlets for their "double standards, biased coverage and comments". It said that China failed to receive fair "repayment" from certain foreign political figures or media outlets for its openness and transparent attitude. The author said "a considerable number of

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against China. Pakistan said that certain "elements" were out to harm China-Pakistan relations, but they would not succeed in destabilising the interests of the two countries. Sri Lanka stressed the incident was an internal affair of China and was confident that efforts by the Chinese authorities

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of Australia urged restraint to bring about a "peaceful settlement to this difficulty." Serbia stated that it opposed separatism and supports the "resolution of all disputes by peaceful means." Belarus noted with regret the loss of life and damage in the region, and hoped that the situation would

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Mobile phone service and internet access were limited both during and after the riots. China Mobile phone service was cut "to prevent the incident from spreading further". Outbound international calls throughout Xinjiang were blocked, and Internet connections in the region had been locked down or

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During the first hours of the rioting, state media only reported that three people had been killed. The number rose sharply, though, after the first night's rioting; at midday on 6 July, Xinhua announced that 129 people had died. In the following days the death toll reported by various government

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But just as in Tibet, the local population has viewed the increasing unequal distribution of wealth and income between China's coastal and inland regions, and between urban and rural areas, with an additional ethnic dimension. Most are not separatists, but they perceive that most of the economic

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reported that the foreign journalists' hotel was the only place in the city with Internet access, although the journalist could not send text messages or place international phone calls. Many unauthorised postings on local sites and Google were removed by censors; images and video footage of the

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asserted that the riots were organised to fuel separatism and to benefit Middle East terrorist organisations. Kadeer denied fomenting the violence, and argued that the Ürümqi protests and their descent into violence were triggered by heavy policing, discontent over Shaoguan and "years of Chinese

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On the other hand, Internet and international telephone service in Ürümqi remained limited for nearly a year after the riots. As late as November, most of the Internet was still inaccessible to residents and international phone calls were impossible; as late as December, most web content hosted

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After the riots, the Chinese government exercised diplomatic pressure on nations that Kadeer was scheduled to visit. In late July, India declined Kadeer a visa "on the advice of Beijing", and Beijing summoned the Japanese ambassador in protest of a trip Kadeer made to Japan. When Kadeer visited

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During a press conference, Mayor Jirla Isamuddin said that at about 8:15 pm, some protesters started to fight and loot, overturned guardrails and smashed three buses before being dispersed. At 8:30 pm, violence escalated around South Jiefang Road and Longquan Street area, with rioters

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After the confrontation with police turned violent, rioters began hurling rocks, smashing vehicles, breaking into shops and attacking Han civilians. At least 1,000 Uyghurs were involved in the rioting when it began, and the number of rioters may have risen to as many as 3,000. Jane Macartney of

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reported in late August that over 200 people were being charged and that trials would begin by the end of August. Although this was denied both by a provincial and a local Party official, Xinjiang authorities later announced that arrest warrants had been issued to 196 suspects, of which 51 had

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It took until at least early August for public transport to be fully restored in the city. According to Xinhua, 267 buses had been damaged during the rioting; most were back in operation by 12 August. The government paid bus companies a total of ¥5.25 million in compensation. Despite the

1520:: said it sympathised with the family members of those innocent people killed in the riot; it said that its member states regard Xinjiang as an inalienable part of the People's Republic of China and believe the situation in Xinjiang is purely China's internal affairs. Russian Foreign Minister 1680:: urged China to exercise restraint and to allow an independent inquiry into the events, which would include addressing Uyghur concerns about policies in the region. It also added that China should respect international norms when responding to the protests and only use force proportionately. 1420:

Chinese media covered the rioting extensively. Hours after troops stopped the rioting, the state invited foreign journalists on an official fact-finding trip to Ürümqi; journalists from more than 100 media organisations were all corralled into the downtown Hoi Tak Hotel, sharing 30 internet

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and in Norway. The Chinese embassy in the Netherlands was attacked by Uyghur activists who smashed windows with bricks and burned Chinese flags. There were 142 arrests, and the embassy was closed for the day. About 100 Uyghurs protested outside the Chinese embassy in the Norwegian capital

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How the demonstrations became violent is unclear. Some say the police used excessive force against the protesters; the World Uyghur Congress quickly issued press releases saying that the police had used deadly force and killed "scores" of protesters. Kadeer has alleged that there were

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By February 2010, the number of death sentences issued had increased to at least 26, including at least one Han and one female Uyghur. Nine of the individuals sentenced were executed in November 2009; based on previous government statements, eight were Uyghur and one was Han.

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unsuccessfully called for a boycott on Chinese goods. Several protests against the Chinese government's response to the riots also occurred in front of Chinese embassies and consulates in Turkey. The Turkish government's stance sparked a significant outcry from Chinese media.

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were temporarily closed. The communication limitations and armed police presence remained in place as of January 2010. By November 2009, over 400 individuals faced criminal charges for their actions during the riots. Nine were executed in November 2009. According to

1672:: called for an "impartial and independent" inquiry into the incident, adding that those detained for "peacefully expressing their views and exercising their freedom of expression, association and assembly" must be released and others ensured to receive a fair trial. 1283:

200,000 as compensation, plus another ¥10,000 as "funeral expense" for every "innocent death" caused by the riot. The compensation was later doubled to ¥420,000 per death. Mayor Jirla Isamuddin estimated that the compensations would cost at least ¥100 million.

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said she was "alarmed" over the high death toll, noting this was an "extraordinarily high number of people to be killed and injured in less than a day of rioting." She also said China must treat detainees humanely in a way that adheres to international

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welcomed the increased openness for foreign media, but contrasted their reporting to Chinese media, which closely followed the government line to focus mainly on injured Han civilians whilst ignoring the "Uyghur story" or reasons behind the incident.

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Since , numerous attacks including attacks on buses, clashes between ETIM militants and Chinese security forces, assassination attempts, attempts to attack Chinese key installations and government buildings have taken place, though many cases go

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live in cohesive communities largely separated from Han Chinese, practice major world religions, have their own written scripts, and have supporters outside of China. Relations between these minorities and Han Chinese have been strained for

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opportunities in their homeland are taken by the Han Chinese, who are often better educated, better connected, and more resourceful. The Uyghurs also resent discrimination against their people by the Han, both in Xinjiang and elsewhere.

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The city remained tense while journalists invited into the city witnessed confrontational scenes between Chinese troops and Uyghurs demanding the release of family members who they said had been arbitrarily arrested. Uyghur women told

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said protesters began throwing rocks at the police. The government's official line was that the violence was not only initiated by the protesters, but also had been premeditated and coordinated by Uyghur separatists abroad. The local

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urged all sides to exercise restraint, and called on China to take measures to protect the civilian population as well as respect the freedoms of citizens, including freedom of speech, assembly and information. Human rights chief

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Uighur anger boiled over in July 2009 when riots erupted in the regional capital of Urumqi, 197 died (mostly Han Chinese) and over 1,600 were wounded in revolts and attacks over several days, followed by a wave of arrests by the

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sources (including Xinhua and party officials) gradually grew, with the last official update on 18 July placing the tally at 197 dead and 1,721 injured. The World Uyghur Congress has claimed that the death toll was around 600.

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Chinese state-controlled television broadcast graphic footage of cars being smashed and people being beaten. Officials reiterated the party line: XUAR chairman Nur Bekri delivered a lengthy address on the situation and on the

6161: 1919:, a more conciliatory figure. The government authorised transfer payments totalling some $ 15 billion from eastern provinces to Xinjiang to aid in the province's economic development, and announced plans to establish a 1349:

other Uyghur journalists and bloggers were also detained after the riots; one of them, journalist Gheyret Niyaz, was later sentenced to 15 years in prison for having spoken to foreign media. In the most high-profile case,

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researcher remarked their style was "suspiciously close" to the way the Chinese authorities had described rioting in Xinjiang and the aftermath. He added that "it's highly irregular for to be placed on the platform of a

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Afghanistan, Cambodia and Vietnam said they believed the Chinese government was "taking appropriate measures," and their statements backed "the territorial integrity and sovereignty of China." Micronesian Vice-president

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On 7 July, there were large-scale armed demonstrations by ethnic Han in Ürümqi. Conflicting estimates of the Han demonstrators' numbers were reported by the western media and varied from "hundreds" to as high as 10,000.

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rather than an indigenous group—in other words, they are considered to be no more indigenous to Xinjiang than the Han, and have no special rights to the land under the law. The Chinese government has presided over the

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Mass protests had been quelled by 8 July, although sporadic violence was reported. In the days after the riots, "thousands" of people tried to leave the city, and the price for bus tickets rose as much as fivefold.

7834: 1544:: decried the "disproportionate use of force", calling on the Chinese government to "bring those responsible to justice swiftly" and urging China to find a solution to the unrest by examining why it had erupted. 1263:

reported that most of the victims appeared to have been Han. For instance, on 10 July Xinhua stated that 137 of the dead (out of the total of 184 that was being reported at that time) were Han, 46 Uyghur, and 1

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what they said was "indiscriminate" detention of Uyghur men; the protest led to a tense but non-violent confrontation with police forces. Kadeer claimed that "nearly 10,000 people" had gone missing overnight.

852:, where false accusations of rape of a Han woman by Uyghur men led to a brawl between ethnic Han and Uyghur factory workers in Shaoguan, resulting in the deaths of two Uyghurs who were both from Xinjiang. The 7511: 7216: 1272:. Uyghur advocates continue to question these figures, saying that the number of ethnic Uyghurs remains understated. Nevertheless, third-party sources confirm that most of the casualties were Han Chinese. 875:. When the riots began, telephone and internet connections within Xinjiang were cut off. In the weeks that followed, official sources reported that over 1,000 people were arrested and detained; Uyghur-run 1601:"greatest possible leniency and tolerance in dealing with the aftermath" and respect the rights of ethnic minorities. Taiwan denied a visa to Kadeer in September 2009, alleging she had links to the 1569:

Turkey, a Turkic-majority country with a significant Uyghur minority, officially expressed "deep sadness" and urged the Chinese authorities to bring the perpetrators to justice. Turkish Prime Minister

2104: 1911:, to form an ad hoc "Team of Investigation and Research" on Xinjiang, ostensibly intended on studying the policy changes to be implemented in response to the violence. In April 2010, party secretary 7913: 6896: 1784:

On 3 August, Xinhua reported that two of Rebiya Kadeer's children had written letters blaming her for orchestrating the riots. A Germany-based spokesman for the WUC rejected the letters as fakes. A

1734:, and concluded that Chinese experts had studied how modern electronic communications "helped protesters organize and reach the outside world, and for ways that governments sought to counter them." 967:, while it dramatically shifted to 6% Han and 75% Uyghur in the 1953 census. However, the recorded population, which had increased to 18.64 million people, was 40.57% Han and 45.21% Uyghur by 2000. 5812: 5054: 6654: 7000: 4338: 7623: 7745: 4997: 8759: 4878: 1199: 1385:. Many Xinjiang-based websites became inaccessible worldwide, and internet access within Ürümqi remained restricted nearly a year following the riots; it was not restored until 14 May 2010. 2998: 9804: 4067:[Xinjiang discloses the development of the violent crime incident on the day of beating, smashing, looting, burning and killing] (in Chinese). 中新网 Chinanews.com.cn. 6 July 2009. 5077: 1741:, sceptically said that the authorities were "just testing the reaction". He believed that if the outcome of this openness was poor they would "put the brakes on" as they did after the 1560:

brought up human rights at a press conference with Hu Jintao, and said that "economic and social progress that is being achieved in China places new demands in terms of human rights."

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area. The demonstration began peacefully, and official and eyewitness accounts reported that it involved about 1,000 Uyghurs; the WUC said approximately 10,000 protesters took part.

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repression", rather than by the intervention of separatists or terrorists. Uyghur exile groups claimed that violence erupted when police used excessive force to disperse the crowd.

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Tensions between Uyghurs and Han have resulted in waves of protest in recent years. Xinjiang has been the location of several instances of violence and ethnic clashes, such as the

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banning all "unlicensed marches, demonstrations and mass protests". The provincial government also passed legislation banning the use of the internet to incite ethnic separatism.

3971: 2738: 1947:Ürümqi public schools opened on schedule in September for the fall semester, but with armed police guarding them. Many schools began first-day classes by focusing on patriotism. 1753:

media outlets still intentionally or inadvertently minimised the violent actions of the rioters, and attempted to focus on so-called racial conflict." However, D'Arcy Doran from

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said they were braced for "an influx of refugees" and tightened border controls. Despite the Kazakh government support, over 5,000 Uyghurs protested on 19 July in former capital

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said it found evidence that many Uyghurs had travelled from other cities to gather for the riot, and that they had begun preparing weapons two or three days before the riot.

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reported a government source saying Beijing would re-evaluate the impact on arrangements for the country's forthcoming 60th anniversary celebrations in October. Guangdong's

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on 10 January 2010, and 27 more websites on 6 February. But access to websites was only partial: for instance, users could browse forums and blogs but not post on them.

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Han Chinese view the Uighurs as harbouring separatist aspirations and being disloyal and ungrateful, in spite of preferential policies for ethnic minority groups.

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Switzerland called for restraint, and sent condolences to the families of victims and urged China to respect freedom of expression and the press. Prime Minister

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colonists in settling into the region, which resulted in a major regional demographic change, with 62 percent Uyghurs concentrated in the southern Xinjiang's

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Over 300 more people were reported arrested in early August. According to the BBC, the total number of arrests in connection with the riots was over 1,500.

8563: 8020: 7941: 7910: 7190: 6892: 5046: 4608: 8589: 7714: 5804: 5639: 5549: 5339: 3852:[Video-Urumqi "July 5" press conference on the serious violent crime incident] (in Chinese). China Central Television. 7 July 2009. Archived from 2447: 2174: 1597:

Iran said it shared the concerns of Turkey and the OIC and appealed to the Chinese government to respect the rights of the Muslim population in Xinjiang.

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other cities in China who would then place the international calls. The communications blackout generated controversy even within China: Yu Xiaofeng of

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Australia in August to promote a film about her life, China officially complained to the Australian government and asked for the film to be withdrawn.

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resumption of transportation services, and the government's efforts to encourage visitors to the region, tourism fell sharply after the riots; on the

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expressed "grave concern" over repression in China and called for an independent investigation on the riots and targeted sanctions against China.

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The official news agency, Xinhua, reported that police believed agitators were trying to organise more unrest in other areas in Xinjiang, such as

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In November, the Chinese government dispatched some 400 officials to Xinjiang, including senior leaders such as State Council secretary general

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On 10 July, city authorities closed Ürümqi mosques "for public safety", saying it was too dangerous to have large gatherings and that holding

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already been prosecuted. Police also requested that the procuratorate approve the arrest of a further 239 people, and detention of 825 more,

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The response to the riots on the Chinese blogosphere was markedly more varied than the official response. Despite blocks and censorship,

1325: 269: 7865: 5928: 2525: 2294: 12628: 12593: 11619: 10691: 10315: 9542: 9237: 5780:[Starting today, Internet service completely restored in Xinjiang] (in Chinese). news.china.com.cn. 14 May 2010. Archived from 4068: 1481:

quickly removed comments about the riots. Common themes were calls for punishment for those responsible; some posts evoked the name of

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than 2.3 million, about 75 per cent of whom are Han, 12.8 per cent are Uyghur, and 10 per cent are from other ethnic groups.

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In early August, the Ürümqi government announced that 83 individuals had been "officially" arrested in connection with the riots.

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was planned or spontaneous, and whether the underlying tensions reflect separatist inclinations or a desire for social justice.

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At some point the demonstration became violent. A government statement called the riots a "pre-empted, organised violent crime

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Choi, Chi-yuk; Wu, Vivian (8 July 2009). "Overseas media given freedom to cover unrest, but some areas still out of bounds".

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recognised the Chinese learnt lessons from political protests around the world, such as the so-called colour revolutions in

11482: 11332: 11256: 10882: 10696: 9933: 9747: 5373: 4925: 1194:, tear gas and water hoses to disperse the rioters and set up roadblocks and posted armoured vehicles throughout the city. 9030: 2975: 12608: 10939: 10917: 10872: 10826: 9841: 9471: 7033: 6258: 5220: 4856:

The official death toll steadily rose, officially reaching 197 people, mostly Han, with 1,600 wounded and 1,000 arrested.

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referred to this handling as an improvement, compared to the "public-relations disaster" of the Tibetan unrest in 2008.

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Starting in mid-August, there was a string of attacks in which as many as 476 individuals may have been stabbed with

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among the crowds. Others claim that the protesters initiated the violence; for example, a Uyghur eyewitness cited by

884:, they were executed for crimes such as murder or arson. By February 2010, at least 26 had received death sentences. 871:

Chinese media coverage of the Ürümqi riots was extensive and was compared favourably by foreign media to that of the

822: 6427: 6128: 2778: 2483: 12222: 12182: 12093: 10774: 10193: 9450: 8705: 8423: 7808: 7506: 6188: 5724: 5697: 4252: 1705:: "To be more credible, it released video footage a few hours after the event, not two weeks." Peter Foster of the 1524:

condemned rioters for "Using separatist slogans and provoking ethnic intolerance. Officials from both neighbouring

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Gladney, Dru C. (2004). "The Chinese Program of Development and Control, 1978–2001". In S. Frederick Starr (ed.).

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the riots were profiled; loud-hailer trucks blasted slogans in the streets. A common slogan warned against the "

1183:

characterised the first day's rioting as consisting mainly of "Han stabbed by marauding gangs of "; a report in

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Clem, Will; Choi, Chi-yuk (14 July 2009). "Conflicting stories emerge after police shoot dead Uyghur pair".

4431: 2132: 12623: 12254: 12177: 12109: 12083: 11770: 11366: 11317: 11312: 11148: 11119: 11050: 11012: 10944: 10855: 10718: 10484: 10469: 10170: 10027: 9651: 9601: 9254: 8819: 7649: 7396: 6588: 6222: 3709: 3685: 432: 412: 10100: 8893:

Hills, Kathrin (3 July 2010). "China deploys hundreds of social workers to ease plight of Uighurs", pg 1,

8407:

MacDonald, Scott (4 December 2009). "China sentences 3 more to death over ethnic riots". Associated Press.

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in early September 2009, after wide-scale civilian demonstrations and protests against the syringe attacks

1654:

said "it's important that the Chinese authorities act to restore order and prevent further violence." The

943:

for rebelling against Qing rule. After the genocide of Dzungar people, the Qing empire had sponsored Han,

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Hierman, Brent (2007). "The Pacification of Xinjiang: Uighur Protest and the Chinese State, 1988–2002".

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night. Shortly before the first anniversary of the rioting, the authorities installed more than 40,000

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In late December, the government began restoring services gradually. The websites for Xinhua and the

1880: 1871:, was removed from his post, along with the police chief, Liu Yaohua; the provincial Party secretary 1354: 619: 482: 335: 12418: 9108: 9078: 9003: 8977: 8951: 8925: 8795: 8645: 8449: 8294: 8196: 7362: 7111: 7081: 7059: 6404: 6004: 5870: 5272: 5023: 4963: 4896: 4819: 4642: 4403: 3909: 3776: 3746: 3113: 2238: 2200: 1951:

outside the region remained off-limits to all but a few journalists, and residents had to travel to

1239:. Many of the institute's students had apparently travelled to Ürümqi for the demonstrations there. 12388: 12001: 11830: 11726: 11376: 11084: 10975: 10963: 10801: 10479: 10310: 10012: 9880: 9876: 9767: 9723: 9583: 9435: 5484: 4873: 2365: 1852: 1766: 1738: 1457: 1377: 427: 150: 12147: 7650:"China: Exercise Restraint in Xinjiang – Government Should Allow Independent United Nations Probe" 4930:[Families of victims of the "July 5" incident will receive 210,000 yuan in compensation]. 4543: 12322: 12317: 12202: 11775: 11158: 11112: 10934: 10766: 10474: 10389: 10294: 9884: 9728: 9718: 9578: 7892:[People's Daily criticises double standards in Western media attitudes to 7.5 incident]. 6093: 1765:, used a picture purporting to show the previous day's riots. The photo, showing large number of 1742: 1328:

of Ürümqi, stood on the roof of a police car with a megaphone appealing to the crowd to go home.

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There is little doubt helped promote protests, but there is no evidence they fomented violence.

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A red vertical banner saying "Uphold the sanctity of the law, and severely punish the criminals"

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We Are Afraid to Even Look for Them: Enforced Disappearances in the Wake of Xinjiang's Protests

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20s, had been unlawfully arrested and have not been seen or heard from as of 20 October 2009.

12583: 12511: 12423: 12358: 12126: 11921: 11894: 11884: 11863: 11791: 11593: 11568: 11401: 11354: 11349: 11344: 10887: 10703: 10666: 10459: 9990: 7857: 6977: 4101: 2515: 2286: 1920: 1790: 1668: 1092:, the mayor of Ürümqi, claimed that the protesters had organised online via such services as 921: 905: 857: 794: 402: 107: 44: 4869:"Uighur woman living in France speaks out about alleged Chinese 're-education' camp horrors" 4062: 1421:

connections. Journalists were given unprecedented access to troublespots and hospitals. The

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Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

10454: 10331: 9906: 9363: 9311: 9299: 8701: 8084: 6621: 3999: 3109: 2265:"Initial probe completed and arrest warrants to be issued soon, Xinjiang prosecutor says". 1968:, two state-controlled media outlets, were made accessible on 28 December, the web portals 1904: 1754: 1719: 1461: 1251:

Xinhua did not immediately disclose the ethnic breakdown of the dead, but journalists from

994: 842: 477: 462: 397: 4097: 1633:. Eleven were detained and later released without charges. Protesters from a coalition of 8: 12578: 12506: 12187: 12043: 12031: 12019: 11995: 11889: 11846: 11688: 11641: 11302: 10640: 10605: 10585: 10489: 10464: 10424: 10188: 10022: 9928: 9813: 9596: 9562: 9526: 9516: 9511: 9491: 9348: 7969: 7833:. International News Safety Institute. Agence France-Presse. 10 July 2009. Archived from 2909: 1957: 1482: 1259: 1191: 986: 897: 872: 853: 442: 407: 367: 134: 11973: 8555: 3810: 1357:, was arrested two days after the riots over his criticisms of the Xinjiang government. 12353: 12301: 12120: 12057: 12037: 12013: 11818: 11721: 11651: 11563: 11523: 11386: 11244: 11030: 10419: 10414: 10361: 10236: 9466: 9358: 9343: 8476: 8382:"China: Xinjiang Trials Deny Justice – Proceedings Failed Minimum Fair Trial Standards" 5576: 4164: 4142: 3535: 2520: 1785: 1714: 1676: 1634: 1557: 1299: 1273: 1159: 1061: 990: 881: 865: 838: 362: 357: 313: 11467: 9196: 9139: 8667: 8611: 8498: 8226: 8140: 8110: 7675: 6832: 5403: 5242: 5141: 4937: 4479: 4365: 4221: 3646: 3302:"China's Minorities and Government Implementation of the Regional Ethnic Autonomy Law" 2668: 2589: 2406: 2327: 825:(XUAR), in northwestern China. The first day's rioting, which involved at least 1,000 666: 12373: 12024: 11835: 11764: 10980: 10742: 10676: 10449: 10444: 10429: 10381: 10336: 10221: 10145: 10140: 10124: 9853: 9743: 9481: 9379: 9333: 9305: 8835: 5652:

Discussion of media coverage starting at 26:49, hotel and internet blackout at 29:00.

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demonstrations and rioting, however, were soon found posted on Twitter, YouTube, and

1321: 1153: 1068: 1057: 1048: 849: 392: 387: 372: 286: 82: 30: 8922:"Public transportation companies receive 5 mln yuan Urumqi riot damage compensation" 8905:

Hills, Kathrin (3 July 2010). "Development unlikely to drown out disharmony", pg 4,

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Teaching Institute were confined to campus after the 5 July riots, according to the

1230:

reported many shops were closed, and the area around the mosque was sealed off by a

12490: 12363: 12229: 12007: 11927: 11841: 11698: 11673: 11441: 11208: 10841: 10160: 9995: 9955: 9918: 9858: 9713: 9384: 9328: 9287: 6749: 6559: 6285: 5629:"Report from Urumqi: Thousands of Chinese Troops Enter City Torn by Ethnic Clashes" 3853: 3527: 1777:. The same picture was mistakenly used by other agencies; it was on the website of 1406: 975: 936: 932: 734: 556: 720:Ürümqi 5 July violent criminal incident of beating, smashing, looting, and burning 12114: 11979: 11824: 11678: 11656: 11629: 11547: 10836: 10635: 10590: 10404: 10165: 10155: 9980: 9975: 9552: 7917: 6595: 6463: 6041:

Kwok, Kristine (9 July 2009). "Hu's return seen as sign Beijing was caught out".

5921:"In Latest Upheaval, China Applies New Strategies to Control Flow of Information" 5514: 3553: 3036: 2634: 1723: 1707: 1650: 1573:

said the incident was "like genocide", while Turkish Trade and Industry Minister

1215: 982: 764: 340: 244: 11646: 6457:

Kazakh Foreign Ministry: Above 1,000 Kazakh citizens leave Xinjiang due to riots

4169:[Interview with American "Xinjiang problem" expert Gardiner Bovingdon]. 3214:

The Xinjiang Conflict: Uyghur Identity, Language Policy, and Political Discourse

12550: 12413: 12332: 12291: 12172: 11967: 11705: 11663: 11431: 11406: 11190: 11092: 10899: 10681: 10615: 10580: 10545: 10394: 10246: 10034: 9970: 9913: 9633: 9547: 9506: 7025: 5635: 5212: 4758: 4170: 3531: 3003: 1916: 1605:, classed as a terrorist organisation by the United Nations and United States. 1548: 1441: 1413: 1185: 964: 330: 4138: 1574: 829:, began as a protest, but escalated into violent attacks that mainly targeted 12562: 12216: 11812: 11573: 11250: 10625: 10595: 10570: 10356: 10135: 10110: 10068: 10051: 10002: 9945: 9868: 8839: 8834:(4). Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program: 11–15. 7897: 6373: 6253: 6001:"Hu holds key meeting on Xinjiang riot, vowing severe punishment on culprits" 4334: 4283:"WUC Condemns China's Brutal Crackdown of a Peaceful Protest in Urumchi City" 3809:. China Radio International. Xinhua News Agency. 29 July 2009. Archived from 3304:. Congressional-Executive Commission on China. 1 October 2005. Archived from 1553: 1521: 1449: 1376:

non-local websites blocked. Reporting from Ürümqi's Hoi Tak Hotel on 9 July,

1073: 861: 612: 303: 5867:"Xinjiang to speed up legislation against separatism, regional top lawmaker" 3449:"Preferential policies for ethnic minorities in China: The case of Xinjiang" 3333:"Preferential policies for ethnic minorities in China: The case of Xinjiang" 12538: 12485: 11741: 11736: 11518: 11322: 11226: 10645: 10630: 10575: 10560: 10555: 10341: 10208: 10007: 9950: 9889: 9275: 8820:"Notes on the Chinese Government's Handling of the Urumqi Riot in Xinjiang" 5834: 5180:"Han Chinese mob takes to the streets in Urumqi in hunt for Uighur Muslims" 4846: 3458:(32). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology: 29–31. Archived from 1280: 928: 741: 656: 563: 7449: 4308: 4282: 1190:

1,000 police officers were dispatched; they used batons, live ammunition,

924:

of millions of Han, who dominate the region economically and politically.

12465: 12393: 12327: 11578: 11292: 10620: 10610: 10366: 10289: 10120: 9960: 9940: 9836: 9800: 6120: 5984:"Propaganda shows of Han-Uygur unity fall flat in Silk Road oasis town". 3972:"The violence has ended in Urumqi but shadows remain in hearts and minds" 3704: 2768: 2739:"The violence has ended in Urumqi but shadows remain in hearts and minds" 2473: 2370: 1944:

holiday in October, Xinjiang had 25% fewer tourists than it did in 2008.

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were organised beforehand; the main points of contention are whether the

1098: 960: 956: 948: 834: 830: 818: 172: 115: 69: 48: 8760:"China: Legislature Outlines Police Powers, Curbs Local Security Powers" 4577:

Clem, Will (8 July 2009). "An eerie silence after lockdown in Kashgar".

3342:(32). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology: 35. Archived from 817:

A series of violent riots over several days broke out on 5 July 2009 in

12337: 11287: 11202: 10565: 10371: 10259: 9821: 9170:"Xinjiang to continue lifting communication restrictions: spokesperson" 4592:

Clem, Will (9 July 2009). "Thousands of students detained at college".

4253:"140 slain as Chinese riot police, Muslims clash in north-western city" 3405:

Autonomy in Xinjiang: Han nationalist imperatives and Uyghur discontent

3259:

Autonomy in Xinjiang: Han nationalist imperatives and Uyghur discontent

3141:

Autonomy in Xinjiang: Han nationalist imperatives and Uyghur discontent

1908: 1617: 1529: 1525: 1337: 1265: 1093: 591: 119: 9252: 9172:. English.news.cn. Xinhua News Agency. 18 January 2010. Archived from 9051:. English.news.cn. Xinhua News Agency. 17 January 2010. Archived from 1279:

The Ürümqi municipal government initially announced that it would pay

1206:

Footage of the first day's violence, captured on a witness' cell phone

1127: 1084:... instigated and directed from abroad, and carried out by outlaws." 12368: 11932: 11436: 10671: 10600: 10150: 10114: 10105: 7284: 6026:"Hu Jin-tao sends Zhou Yong-kang to Xinjiang to direct safety work". 5321: 3411:. Political Studies 15. Washington: East-West Center. pp. 34–5. 2021: 1688:: called on its supporters to attack Chinese workers in North Africa. 1589: 1583: 1437: 1409: 1253: 1179: 1085: 970:

Although the Chinese government's minority policy, which is based on

633: 175: 8794:. Chinaview.cn. Xinhua News Agency. 4 September 2009. Archived from 4960:"Xinjiang doubles compensation for bereaved families in Urumqi riot" 4400:"Urumqi riots: Weapons prepared beforehand, division of tasks clear" 1135:

Demonstrations began on the evening of 5 July with a protest in the

915:

According to Chinese government policy, Uyghurs are classified as a

254: 12448: 10535: 10346: 10279: 9965: 9863: 9790: 7082:"Vietnam expresses support for China's handling of Xinjiang unrest" 6456: 6343:"UN human rights chief alarmed by 'major tragedy' in western China" 5343: 4698:"Chinese Han mob marches for revenge against Uighurs after rampage" 4309:"World Uyghur Congress' Statement on July 5th Urumqi Incident" 2773: 2673: 2594: 2478: 2411: 2332: 1973: 1969: 1952: 940: 640: 577: 12545: 10796: 9759: 9049:"Text messaging services resume in Xinjiang six months after riot" 7805:"China extends hand to foreign media, but tightens grip elsewhere" 6401:"SCO expresses condolence to families of victims in Xinjiang riot" 4432:"Riot police battle protesters as China's Uighur crisis escalates" 3265:. Political Studies 15. Washington: East-West Center. p. 19. 1139:, a prominent tourist site, and crowd reportedly gathering at the 12050: 11588: 11583: 11021:

Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR

10661: 10540: 10274: 10254: 10226: 9831: 4932: 4669: 3682:"China Says 140 Die in Riot, Uighur Separatists Blamed (Update2)" 3220:. Political Studies 15. Washington: East-West Center. p. 2. 3147:. Political Studies 15. Washington: East-West Center. p. 4. 2811: 2559: 2440:"China officials 'disappeared' Uighurs after Xinjiang riots: HRW" 1924: 1762: 1638: 1223: 952: 893: 876: 826: 748:

Wūlǔmùqí qī-wǔ dǎ zá qiǎng shāo shā yánzhòng bàolì fànzuì shìjiàn

663: 99: 7058:. Chinaview.cn. Xinhua News Agency. 11 July 2009. Archived from 7056:"China taking appropriate measures in Xinjiang: Cambodian gov't" 5572:"Minority riots erupt in China's west, media reports 140 deaths" 5020:"Police arrests 1,434 suspects in connection with Xinjiang riot" 4205:(No, it's not clear, and I think you can say it's much unclear.) 2906:"Uyghur "separatism": China's policies in Xinjiang fuel dissent" 2232: 2095:"Three die during riots in China's Xinjiang region: state media" 12475: 11513: 11391: 10284: 10269: 10264: 9826: 7393:"Dutch Police Hold 39 Detained After Protests at China Embassy" 7217:"Taiwan condemns riots in Xinjiang, urges China to be tolerant" 7110:. Chinaview.cn. Xinhua News Agency. 9 July 2009. Archived from 5022:. Chinaview.cn. Xinhua News Agency. 7 July 2009. Archived from 4641:. Chinaview.cn. Xinhua News Agency. 6 June 2009. Archived from 4339:"Unrest in East Turkestan: What China is not telling the media" 4098:""Justice, justice": The July 2009 Protests in Xinjiang, China" 4035: 1896: 1702: 1536:

against Chinese police use of deadly force against the rioters.

1533: 1452:

to Xinjiang to "guid stability-preservation work in Xinjiang".

1436:

Chinese President and General Secretary of the Communist Party

1382: 1276:

reported that 627 vehicles and 633 constructions were damaged.

1269: 1131:

Locations where protests and confrontations reportedly occurred

864:. Kadeer denies fomenting the violence in her fight for Uyghur 12099:

Monosodium glutamate controversy (Chinese restaurant syndrome)

4842:"Bearing Witness 10 Years On: The July 2009 Riots in Xinjiang" 1556:

urged respect for the rights of minorities; Italian President

1051:

that sparked protests in July 2009. Ürümqi is marked in green.

12470: 10231: 10075: 9923: 7624:"China must investigate 156 deaths during protests in Urumqi" 7363:"FM: China strongly condemns attacks on its foreign missions" 6219:"Chinese Authorities Blame Internet for Fanning Uighur Anger" 1642: 671: 6154:"Australia defies China to host Uighur leader Rebiya Kadeer" 3708: 1981:

send daily. Internet access was fully restored in May 2010.

8948:"Public transport resumes full operation after Urumqi riot" 7251:"Uighur activist Rebiya Kadeer denied entry visa to Taiwan" 6893:"Turkish PM Erdogan likens Xinjiang violence to 'genocide'" 1630: 8171:"Report: More than 200 face trial over China ethnic riots" 5273:"Police shoot dead two suspects, injure another in Urumqi" 4816:"Innocent civilians make up 156 in Urumqi riot death toll" 2846:

Year 2000 China census materials: Ethnic groups population

9197:"China allows texting in Xinjiang six months after riots" 9000:"Hope the keynote as Chinese students begin new semester" 7134:"Turkey and Iran concerned over developments in Xinjiang" 6919:"Will Kuwaiti diplomat's road rage hurt Turkish economy?" 5839:[Xinjiang chairman delivers message to citizens] 5661: 4551: 4195:(Do you think the process of the riots has become clear?) 2908:. Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Analyst. Archived from 1883:

around Ürümqi to "ensure security in key public places".

944: 645: 8446:"Urumqi quiets down after protest about syringe attacks" 5047:"China riots: 300 Uighurs stage fresh protest in Urumqi" 2701:"Internet Service In China's Xinjiang Will Soon Recover" 1761:

Many early reports of the riots, starting with one from

1076:(centre) played a central role in instigating the riots. 603: 11497: 8792:"Urumqi imposes rules to ban unlicensed demonstrations" 8081:"Uighur leader's family 'blame her' for unrest: report" 7166:. New Delhi Television. Associated Press. 7 July 2009. 6975:"Turkey PM told to retract Xinjiang 'genocide' claim". 6745:"Tension runs high as China cracks down on Uighur riot" 4000:"China for unequivocal stand against ethnic separation" 2017:"China in deadly crackdown after Uighurs go on rampage" 1826:

said. In early December, 94 "fugitives" were arrested.

856:

claimed that the riots were planned from abroad by the

9002:. Xinhua News Agency. 1 September 2009. Archived from 8668:"China replaces top Communist boss in Xinjiang region" 8644:. Xinhua News Agency. 5 September 2009. Archived from 8448:. Xinhua News Agency. 4 September 2009. Archived from 5472:

China jails Uighur journalist for 15 years – employer.

5374:"Chinese police break up Uighur protest after prayers" 4639:"129 killed, 816 injured in China's Xinjiang violence" 2133:"Muslim Uighurs riot as ethnic tensions rise in China" 1934: 12522: 8729:"China Approves New Law Governing Armed Police Force" 8293:. Xinhua News Agency. 10 October 2009. Archived from 7858:"In Leaked Lecture, Details of China's News Cleanups" 6477:"Central Asia Uighurs look on with fury at bloodshed" 6281:"Xinjiang unrest: UN urges China to respect freedoms" 5623: 5621: 5619: 5109:"Uighur leader says 10,000 went missing in one night" 5078:"Urumqi: criticism and credit for the Chinese police" 4897:"Number of injured in Urumqi riot increases to 1,680" 3621:"Violence in Xinjiang Nothing New Says China Analyst" 3099:"Demographics and Development in Xinjiang after 1949" 2198: 1837: 1701:, remarked at the improvement in media management by 746: 582: 568: 9018: 8950:. Xinhua News Agency. 12 August 2009. Archived from 8924:. Xinhua News Agency. 26 August 2009. 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Archived from 5953:Foster, Peter (7 July 2009). 5719:Doran, D'Arcy (5 July 2009). 5178:Foster, Peter (7 July 2009). 5076:Foster, Peter (9 July 2009). 5045:Foster, Peter (7 July 2009). 4988:Foster, Peter (7 July 2009). 4370:The Christian Science Monitor 4029:Epstein, Gady (5 July 2009). 3849:视频-乌鲁木齐"７·５"打砸抢烧严重暴力犯罪事件新闻发布会 2933:"New Frontier, same problems" 2931:Jiang, Wenran (6 July 2009). 1996: 1899:, Propaganda department head 1887:Legislation and investigation 1388: 939:tribe to punish their leader 887: 363:Qaraqash County unrest (2008) 12255:Boycotts of Chinese products 12178:2013 Tiananmen Square attack 12110:1969 race riots of Singapore 12084:1964 race riots in Singapore 11771:2nd Sangley Rebellion (1639) 11328:Grid-style social management 11318:Death sentence with reprieve 11313:Civil Servant-Family Pair Up 11149:Correctional Services Bureau 11051:National Security Department 10883:Ministry of National Defense 10856:United Front Work Department 10822:National Security Commission 10485:2013 Tiananmen Square attack 10470:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554 10028:Holy War of the Seven Khojas 9640:Minjiang University protests 9543:Anti-Japanese demonstrations 9446:Xinfa aluminum plant protest 9294:Anti-Japanese demonstrations 8562:. London. Associated Press. 8173:. CNN News. 24 August 2009. 7997:. Al Jazeera. 10 July 2009. 7705:Stack, Liam (15 July 2009). 7189:Saad, Imelda (9 July 2009). 6536:. ABC News. Associated Press 4757:Duncan, Max (18 July 2009). 3710:Council on Foreign Relations 2514:Wong, Edward (5 July 2009). 1875:was replaced in April 2010. 1564: 848:Rioting began following the 413:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554 7: 12245:2021 Solomon Islands unrest 12235:COVID-19 pandemic incidents 12132:May 1998 riots of Indonesia 10873:Ministry of Public Security 10827:Central Military Commission 10510:Assassination of Juma Tayir 10199:Xinjiang Medical University 9607:Golf factory workers strike 9558:Tibetan protests in Sichuan 9426:Guangzhou language protests 9077:Cui Jia (8 February 2010). 7940:. 8 July 2009. p. A4. 6247:Martin, Dan (6 July 2009). 5803:Martin, Dan (7 July 2009). 3878:Wu Chaofan (16 July 2009). 3484:Pei, Minxin (9 July 2009). 3402:Bovingdon, Gardner (2005). 3256:Bovingdon, Gardner (2005). 3138:Bovingdon, Gardner (2005). 3097:Toops, Stanley (May 2004). 3075:Millward, James A. (2007). 2364:Cui Jia (5 December 2009). 1984: 1405:The riots prompted Chinese 673:oo-lóo-bo̍k-tsè 7·5 so-luān 448:China–Vietnam border (2014) 141:Ministry of Public Security 43:Rioters besieging a bus in 10: 12645: 12609:Indigenous rights protests 12240:2021 Atlanta spa shootings 12104:13 May incident (Malaysia) 12072:Chinese Confession Program 11962:Vancouver anti-Asian riots 11906:Chinese head tax in Canada 11853:San Francisco riot of 1877 11422:Re-education through labor 10959:Judicial Administrative PP 10868:Ministry of State Security 10714:China–Kyrgyzstan relations 10709:China–Kazakhstan relations 10076:People's Republic of China 9686:Zhengzhou Foxconn Protests 9451:Self-immolation in Yihuang 9029:. NBC News. Archived from 7767:Ward, Mark (6 July 2009). 3623:. VOA news. Archived from 3532:10.2753/PPC1075-8216540304 3520:Problems of Post-Communism 2805:Le, Yu (26 January 2010). 1991:List of massacres in China 1841: 1796:... for wide dispersion." 1775:Southern Metropolis Weekly 1624:There was violence in the 1047:Shaoguan, the location of 891: 821:, the capital city of the 648:Wuloumukcai cat-ng soulyun 12604:July 2009 events in China 12499: 12441: 12346: 12310: 12274: 12267: 12208:2015 Aksu colliery attack 12158:2008 Kunming bus bombings 12140: 11948: 11805: 11784: 11757: 11750: 11714: 11602: 11556: 11529:The Unparalleled Invasion 11506: 11457:Holistic security concept 11452:Xinjiang internment camps 11275: 11221:Persecution of Falun Gong 11171: 11083: 11011: 10898: 10809: 10732: 10654: 10528: 10515:Xinjiang internment camps 10380: 10324: 10303: 10245: 10207: 10179: 10091: 9812: 9798: 9701: 9661: 9646:Delivery Knights Alliance 9620: 9571: 9535: 9459: 9413: 9372: 9339:Shenzhen anti-police riot 9321: 9262: 7554:. CBC News. 7 July 2009. 3716:(Podcast). Archived from 3594:"'No Rapes' in Riot Town" 2100:The Sydney Morning Herald 2057:"China's War in the West" 1737:But Willy Lam, fellow of 1355:Minzu University of China 1117: 811: 793: 788: 784: 776: 769: 763: 758: 740: 733: 728: 724: 716: 702: 688: 683: 662: 655: 639: 632: 618: 611: 597: 590: 576: 562: 555: 550: 546: 538: 524: 510: 505: 501: 296: 243: 235: 227: 219: 214: 189: 184: 168: 163: 93: 88: 77: 64: 56: 36: 28: 23: 12193:April 2014 Ürümqi attack 12002:Second Sino-Japanese War 11831:Chinese massacre of 1871 11727:Asiatic Exclusion League 11233:Anti-corruption campaign 10993:State Secrets Protection 10832:People's Liberation Army 10719:China–Pakistan relations 10500:April 2014 Ürümqi attack 10480:June 2013 Shanshan riots 10410:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings 10171:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway 9724:Labor relations in China 9502:Shanghai Truckers strike 9487:Fuzhou, Jiangxi bombings 9441:Tibetan language protest 9109:"Across China: Xinjiang" 8529:"New Protests in Urumqi" 7964: 7938:South China Morning Post 7888: 7610:South China Morning Post 6160:. London. 31 July 2009. 6043:South China Morning Post 5986:South China Morning Post 5961:. London. Archived from 5835: 5776: 5610:South China Morning Post 5304:South China Morning Post 4926: 4594:South China Morning Post 4579:South China Morning Post 4165: 4063: 3848: 3379:. London. Archived from 3186:Dillon, Michael (2004). 2841: 2590:"Profile: Rebiya Kadeer" 2267:South China Morning Post 2169:Agencies (5 July 2009). 2103:. Agence France-Presse. 1739:the Jamestown Foundation 1646:would restore normalcy. 1454:South China Morning Post 1371:Communications black-out 1232:People's Liberation Army 1228:South China Morning Post 995:Olympic Games in Beijing 704:Traditional Chinese 526:Traditional Chinese 373:Shaoguan Incident (2009) 12323:Ita Martadinata Haryono 12203:2015 Plaza Low Yat riot 12153:Abacus Bank prosecution 11776:Sangley Massacre (1662) 10908:Supervisory Commissions 10475:April 2013 Bachu unrest 10295:Chinese Islamic cuisine 9729:Mass incidents in China 9719:Egg fried rice protests 9652:Inner Mongolia protests 9602:Tiananmen Square attack 9476:Crackdown on dissidents 9353:International reactions 7889:国际观察：西方怎么不对恐怖袭击"保持克制"？！ 5217:Raidió Teilifís Éireann 3945:The Wall Street Journal 3941:"The Real Uighur Story" 3571:(2): 59. Archived from 3447:Sautman, Barry (1997). 3331:Sautman, Barry (1997). 3211:Dwyer, Arienne (2005). 2842:2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料，民族出版社 1743:2008 Sichuan earthquake 1489:International reactions 922:migration into Xinjiang 873:unrest in Tibet in 2008 833:. According to Chinese 690:Simplified Chinese 626:Vu lu mug ce 7·5 so lon 605:U lu moh zi 7·5 sau loe 512:Simplified Chinese 358:Akto County raid (2007) 51:passengers with sticks. 12198:May 2014 Ürümqi attack 12163:July 2009 Ürümqi riots 11956:White Australia policy 11499:Anti-Chinese sentiment 11382:Judiciary of Hong Kong 11197:Anti-Rightist Campaign 11120:Public Security Police 11108:Unitary Police Service 11031:PLA Hong Kong Garrison 10724:China–Turkey relations 10505:May 2014 Ürümqi attack 10435:July 2009 Ürümqi riots 10040:Reconquest of Xinjiang 9900:Four Garrisons of Anxi 9612:Zhengzhou Airport riot 9282:Hefei student protests 7916:8 October 2011 at the 3035:9 January 2023 at the 1860: 1814: 1613: 1594: 1417: 1361:Reactions and response 1311: 1207: 1166:public security bureau 1132: 1123:Initial demonstrations 1077: 570:Wūlǔmùqí qī-wǔ sāoluàn 24:July 2009 Ürümqi riots 12512:Hong Kong nationalism 12148:2006 Nukuʻalofa riots 12127:1997 Banjarmasin riot 11922:Hells Canyon Massacre 11895:Rock Springs massacre 11885:Issaquah riot of 1885 11864:Chinese Exclusion Act 11792:1740 Batavia massacre 11594:Plaek Phibunsongkhram 11569:Andrew Jackson Bryant 11154:Macau Customs Service 10976:People's Armed Police 10888:Taiwan Affairs Office 10704:World Uyghur Congress 10697:Independence movement 10667:Migration to Xinjiang 10460:Pishan hostage crisis 9497:Inner Mongolia unrest 9421:Chinese labour unrest 7257:. 26 September 2009. 6978:The Malaysian Insider 5836:视频:新疆自治区主席就打砸抢烧事件发表讲话 4548:All Things Considered 4102:Amnesty International 4064:新疆披露打砸抢烧杀暴力犯罪事件当日发展始末 3688:on 24 September 2015. 2444:Paper Chase Newsburst 1921:special economic zone 1851: 1812: 1791:government mouthpiece 1767:People's Armed Police 1669:Amnesty International 1611: 1592: 1404: 1309: 1243:Casualties and damage 1205: 1172:Escalation and spread 1130: 1071: 906:Migration to Xinjiang 892:Further information: 860:(WUC) and its leader 858:World Uyghur Congress 801:Beshinchi iyul weqesi 584:ㄨㄌㄨˇㄇㄨˋㄑㄧˊ 7·5 ㄙㄠㄌㄨㄢˋ 151:People's Armed Police 108:World Uyghur Congress 47:, attacking escaping 12168:2011 Kashgar attacks 11912:Seattle riot of 1886 11858:New Zealand head tax 11797:1782 Saigon massacre 11536:Japanese nationalism 11144:Fire Services Bureau 11103:Macau Security Force 10455:2011 Kashgar attacks 10400:1992 Ürümqi bombings 10352:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi 10131:Gurbantünggüt Desert 9907:Beiting Protectorate 9669:Henan banks protests 9115:. 10 February 2010. 8798:on 10 September 2009 8702:Agence France-Presse 8618:. 4 September 2009. 8505:. 4 September 2009. 8358:. Associated Press. 8203:. 4 September 2009. 8085:Agence France-Presse 7452:. Associated Press. 6925:on 22 September 2015 6566:on 13 September 2009 6462:8 March 2012 at the 4927:"７·５"事件遇害者家属将获补偿21万元 3428:on 12 September 2018 3282:on 12 September 2018 3164:on 12 September 2018 2707:. 31 December 2009. 1881:surveillance cameras 1755:Agence France-Presse 1571:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 1502:: Secretary-General 1044:class=notpageimage| 770:بەشىنچى ئىيۇل ۋەقەسى 458:Ürümqi market (2014) 12624:Mass murder in 2009 12507:Chinese imperialism 12188:2014 Kunming attack 12044:Home Office 213/926 12032:Sook Ching massacre 12020:Japanese war crimes 11996:Wanpaoshan Incident 11890:Tacoma riot of 1885 11847:Trout Creek Outrage 11367:Internet censorship 10641:Ghulam Osman Yaghma 10490:2014 Kunming attack 10465:2012 Yecheng attack 10425:2008 Kashgar attack 10325:Visitor attractions 10189:Xinjiang University 10151:Karakoram Mountains 10023:Afaqi Khoja revolts 9929:Kara-Khanid Khanate 9436:Suzhou workers riot 9255:protests and unrest 8765:Security Management 8648:on 6 September 2009 8452:on 5 September 2009 8426:on 26 December 2009 8233:. 9 December 2009. 8030:on 10 December 2009 7911:English translation 7900:on 14 February 2010 7742:The Daily Telegraph 7225:Central News Agency 7144:on 20 December 2014 6225:on 20 December 2009 6158:The Daily Telegraph 5959:The Daily Telegraph 5727:on 26 November 2012 5184:The Daily Telegraph 5082:The Daily Telegraph 5051:The Daily Telegraph 4994:The Daily Telegraph 3627:on 18 December 2009 3578:on 6 January 2011. 3377:The Daily Telegraph 3112:: 1. Archived from 2912:on 29 February 2012 2777:. 9 November 2009. 1958:Zhejiang University 1779:The Daily Telegraph 1635:Indonesian Islamist 1346:The Financial Times 1295:The Daily Telegraph 1260:The Daily Telegraph 1154:agents provocateurs 987:2008 Kashgar attack 972:affirmative actions 937:genocide of Dzungar 898:History of Xinjiang 710:烏魯木齊七五打砸搶燒殺嚴重暴力犯罪事件 696:乌鲁木齐七五打砸抢烧杀严重暴力犯罪事件 542:Ürümqi 5 July riots 135:Government of China 12121:Cambodian genocide 12058:Mergosono massacre 12038:Changkiao massacre 12014:Nanshitou Massacre 11819:Lambing Flat riots 11722:Anti-Chinese Union 11652:Racism in Malaysia 11564:Adriaan Valckenier 11524:Chinese emigration 11412:Political offences 11387:Judiciary of Macau 11298:Capital punishment 11245:Operation Fox Hunt 11093:PLA Macau Garrison 10918:Public Security PP 10420:2008 Uyghur unrest 10415:2007 Xinjiang raid 10390:1989 Ürümqi unrest 10237:Tocharian clothing 9055:on 6 November 2012 9006:on 6 November 2012 8980:on 6 November 2012 8869:The New York Times 8817:Li, Yuhui (2009). 8733:The New York Times 8297:on 15 January 2010 8147:. 24 August 2009. 7862:The New York Times 7630:on 27 January 2010 7482:on 23 October 2012 7429:on 25 January 2013 7399:on 5 November 2012 6725:on 18 January 2012 6661:on 29 January 2013 6293:on 13 January 2012 5925:The New York Times 5577:The Indian Express 5546:The New York Times 5350:on 14 January 2012 4796:on 11 October 2012 4406:on 6 November 2012 4143:Human Rights Watch 2978:on 5 November 2012 2937:The Globe and Mail 2521:The New York Times 2291:The New York Times 1865:hypodermic needles 1861: 1815: 1805:Arrests and trials 1786:Human Rights Watch 1715:The New York Times 1677:Human Rights Watch 1614: 1595: 1558:Giorgio Napolitano 1442:G8 summit in Italy 1418: 1312: 1300:Human Rights Watch 1274:Xinhua News Agency 1208: 1160:The New York Times 1133: 1078: 1062:Xinhua News Agency 882:China News Service 866:self-determination 854:Chinese government 839:Human Rights Watch 12599:History of Ürümqi 12589:Protests in China 12569:Xinjiang conflict 12520: 12519: 12454:Chinaman's chance 12437: 12436: 12404:Mi Gao Huang Chen 12374:Franklin Feng Tao 12263: 12262: 12025:Three Alls Policy 11836:Pigtail Ordinance 11765:Sangley Rebellion 11465: 11464: 11397:Life imprisonment 11124:Migration Service 10954:State Security PP 10798:National security 10764: 10763: 10677:Chinese Turkestan 10450:2011 Hotan attack 10445:2010 Aksu bombing 10430:Shaoguan incident 10382:Xinjiang conflict 10337:Flaming Mountains 10227:Meshrep gathering 10146:Turpan Depression 10141:Taklamakan Desert 10125:Southern Xinjiang 10081:PRC incorporation 10047:Republic of China 9991:Dzungar–Qing Wars 9854:Kingdom of Khotan 9757: 9756: 9744:Xinjiang conflict 9482:Dalian PX protest 9380:Shaoguan incident 9306:Dongzhou protests 9257:in mainland China 9036:on 9 August 2011. 9025:Teague, Matthew. 8954:on 23 August 2009 8928:on 29 August 2009 8674:. 24 April 2010. 8117:. 4 August 2009. 7532:on 16 August 2011 7114:on 29 August 2009 6534:The Seattle Times 6007:on 31 August 2009 5895:on 19 August 2009 4966:on 26 August 2009 4257:Los Angeles Times 4201:不清楚，而且我觉得可以说很不清楚。 4191:您认为事件的过程已经非常清楚了吗？ 4145:. 20 October 2009 3085:978-0-231-13924-3 3062:978-0-7656-3192-3 2887:978-0-7656-1318-9 2336:. 3 August 2009. 2241:on 5 October 2009 1771:2009 Shishou riot 1699:BBC World Service 1641:and called for a 1478:Internet watchers 1472:Internet response 1396:Shaoguan incident 1366:Domestic reaction 1203: 991:widespread unrest 917:National Minority 850:Shaoguan incident 815: 814: 807: 806: 754: 753: 735:Standard Mandarin 679: 678: 557:Standard Mandarin 496: 495: 288:Xinjiang conflict 253: 252: 210: 209: 159: 158: 110:(alleged; denied) 83:Shaoguan incident 72:, Xinjiang, China 31:Xinjiang conflict 12636: 12549: 12548: 12537: 12536: 12535: 12528: 12491:Sick man of Asia 12481:Locust/Wongchung 12399:Leung Chi-cheung 12272: 12271: 12230:China Initiative 12008:Nanking Massacre 11974:Torreón massacre 11928:Scott Act (1888) 11842:Page Act of 1875 11755: 11754: 11699:China Initiative 11492: 11485: 11478: 11469: 11468: 11442:Two-faced person 11209:Shadian incident 11162: 11138: 11116: 10998:Cyberspace Admin 10842:Maritime Militia 10791: 10784: 10777: 10768: 10767: 10752: 10751: 10740: 10739: 10161:Kunlun Mountains 9996:Dzungar genocide 9956:Chagatai Khanate 9919:Uyghur Khaganate 9859:Sixteen Kingdoms 9784: 9777: 9770: 9761: 9760: 9714:China PX protest 9385:Shishou incident 9288:Tangshan protest 9247: 9240: 9233: 9224: 9223: 9217: 9216: 9214: 9212: 9192: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9166: 9160: 9159: 9157: 9155: 9135: 9129: 9128: 9126: 9124: 9105: 9099: 9098: 9096: 9094: 9074: 9065: 9064: 9062: 9060: 9045: 9039: 9037: 9035: 9022: 9016: 9015: 9013: 9011: 8996: 8990: 8989: 8987: 8985: 8970: 8964: 8963: 8961: 8959: 8944: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8933: 8918: 8909: 8903: 8897: 8891: 8885: 8884: 8882: 8880: 8860: 8851: 8850: 8848: 8846: 8825: 8822: 8814: 8808: 8807: 8805: 8803: 8788: 8782: 8781: 8779: 8777: 8768:. 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Archived from 6084: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6073: 6053: 6047: 6046: 6038: 6032: 6031: 6023: 6017: 6016: 6014: 6012: 5996: 5990: 5989: 5981: 5975: 5974: 5972: 5970: 5950: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5916: 5905: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5889:The Jakarta Post 5881: 5875: 5874: 5873:on 22 July 2009. 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5842: 5831: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5800: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5789: 5772: 5763: 5762: 5754: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5716: 5710: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5700:on 11 March 2011 5690: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5659: 5653: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5633: 5625: 5614: 5613: 5605: 5594: 5593: 5591: 5589: 5568: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5557: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5526: 5507: 5501: 5500: 5498: 5496: 5481: 5475: 5464: 5458: 5457: 5455: 5453: 5433: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5419: 5410:. 10 July 2009. 5400: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5389: 5369: 5360: 5359: 5357: 5355: 5336: 5330: 5329: 5328:on 12 July 2009. 5314: 5308: 5307: 5299: 5293: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5279:. 13 July 2009. 5269: 5263: 5262: 5260: 5258: 5249:. 13 July 2009. 5239: 5233: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5209: 5200: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5175: 5162: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5138: 5129: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5104: 5098: 5097: 5095: 5093: 5084:. 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Archived from 4604: 4598: 4597: 4589: 4583: 4582: 4574: 4568: 4567: 4565: 4563: 4539: 4530: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4506: 4500: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4476: 4467: 4466: 4458: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4427: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4396: 4390: 4389: 4383: 4381: 4361: 4355: 4354: 4352: 4350: 4337:(20 July 2009). 4331: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4320: 4305: 4299: 4298: 4296: 4294: 4279: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4218: 4209: 4208: 4203: 4202: 4193: 4192: 4184: 4182: 4173:. 23 July 2009. 4161: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4135: 4118: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4094: 4081: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4026: 4020: 4019: 4017: 4015: 3996: 3990: 3989: 3984: 3982: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3925: 3906: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3895: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3866: 3864: 3858: 3844: 3823: 3822: 3820: 3818: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3773: 3767: 3766: 3764: 3762: 3743: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3725: 3701: 3690: 3689: 3678: 3667: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3653:. 30 June 2009. 3643: 3637: 3636: 3634: 3632: 3616: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3590: 3584: 3583: 3577: 3562: 3554:Gunaratna, Rohan 3550: 3544: 3543: 3515: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3501: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3470: 3464: 3453: 3444: 3438: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3427: 3421:. Archived from 3410: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3368: 3359: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3348: 3337: 3328: 3322: 3321: 3315: 3313: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3281: 3275:. Archived from 3264: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3236: 3230:. Archived from 3219: 3208: 3202: 3201: 3183: 3174: 3173: 3171: 3169: 3163: 3157:. Archived from 3146: 3135: 3129: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3118: 3110:East–West Center 3103: 3094: 3088: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3046: 3040: 3027: 3021: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3007:. Archived from 2994: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2974:. Archived from 2963: 2957: 2956: 2950: 2948: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2901: 2892: 2891: 2873: 2860: 2859: 2838: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2815:. Archived from 2802: 2791: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2765: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2734: 2721: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2677:. 10 July 2009. 2665: 2652: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2631: 2623: 2612: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2586: 2577: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2551: 2538: 2537: 2535: 2533: 2511: 2496: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2469: 2460: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2435: 2429: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2403: 2388: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2361: 2350: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2324: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2282: 2271: 2270: 2262: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2230: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2196: 2187: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2166: 2153: 2152: 2150: 2148: 2128: 2117: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2090: 2077: 2076: 2074: 2072: 2063:. Archived from 2052: 2039: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2012: 1915:was replaced by 1795: 1621:soon normalise. 1407:paramount leader 1220:Yili Prefectures 1204: 1083: 1032: 1031: 1018: 1017: 1011: 1001:Immediate causes 976:one-child policy 935:had ordered the 933:Qianlong Emperor 803: 802: 786: 785: 771: 750: 749: 726: 725: 712: 711: 698: 697: 675: 674: 651: 650: 649: 628: 627: 607: 606: 586: 585: 572: 571: 548: 547: 534: 533: 520: 519: 499: 498: 433:Tiananmen (2013) 291: 289: 279: 272: 265: 256: 255: 191: 190: 133: 132: 131: 95: 94: 45:Tianshan, Ürümqi 41: 21: 20: 12644: 12643: 12639: 12638: 12637: 12635: 12634: 12633: 12559: 12558: 12555: 12543: 12533: 12531: 12523: 12521: 12516: 12495: 12433: 12342: 12306: 12259: 12136: 12115:Malari incident 11980:1918 Kudus riot 11944: 11825:Anti-Coolie Act 11801: 11780: 11746: 11710: 11657:Ketuanan Melayu 11630:Racism in Japan 11598: 11552: 11548:De-Sinicization 11502: 11496: 11466: 11461: 11377:Judicial system 11271: 11167: 11156: 11132: 11130:Judicial Police 11110: 11079: 11007: 10935:Internet police 10913:People's Police 10894: 10805: 10802:law enforcement 10795: 10765: 10760: 10728: 10650: 10636:Shirzat Bawudun 10591:Saifuddin Azizi 10524: 10405:Ghulja incident 10376: 10320: 10311:Cotton industry 10299: 10241: 10203: 10175: 10166:Pamir Mountains 10156:Altai Mountains 10087: 9981:Dzungar Khanate 9976:Yarkent Khanate 9808: 9794: 9788: 9758: 9753: 9697: 9657: 9616: 9590:Southern Weekly 9567: 9553:Shifang protest 9531: 9455: 9409: 9405:Xinjiang unrest 9368: 9317: 9312:Dazhou protests 9300:Huashui protest 9263:2001–2007 9258: 9251: 9221: 9220: 9210: 9208: 9193: 9189: 9179: 9177: 9168: 9167: 9163: 9153: 9151: 9136: 9132: 9122: 9120: 9107: 9106: 9102: 9092: 9090: 9075: 9068: 9058: 9056: 9047: 9046: 9042: 9033: 9023: 9019: 9009: 9007: 8998: 8997: 8993: 8983: 8981: 8972: 8971: 8967: 8957: 8955: 8946: 8945: 8941: 8931: 8929: 8920: 8919: 8912: 8907:Financial Times 8904: 8900: 8895:Financial Times 8892: 8888: 8878: 8876: 8861: 8854: 8844: 8842: 8823: 8815: 8811: 8801: 8799: 8790: 8789: 8785: 8775: 8773: 8772:on 16 July 2011 8756: 8752: 8742: 8740: 8725: 8721: 8711: 8709: 8696: 8695: 8691: 8681: 8679: 8666: 8665: 8661: 8651: 8649: 8640: 8639: 8635: 8625: 8623: 8610: 8609: 8605: 8595: 8593: 8584: 8583: 8579: 8569: 8567: 8552: 8548: 8538: 8536: 8527: 8526: 8522: 8512: 8510: 8497: 8496: 8492: 8482: 8480: 8469: 8465: 8455: 8453: 8444: 8443: 8439: 8429: 8427: 8416: 8412: 8405: 8401: 8391: 8389: 8380: 8379: 8375: 8365: 8363: 8348: 8344: 8334: 8332: 8317: 8310: 8300: 8298: 8289: 8288: 8281: 8271: 8269: 8254: 8250: 8240: 8238: 8225: 8224: 8220: 8210: 8208: 8195: 8194: 8190: 8180: 8178: 8169: 8168: 8164: 8154: 8152: 8139: 8138: 8134: 8124: 8122: 8109: 8108: 8104: 8094: 8092: 8079: 8078: 8074: 8064: 8062: 8047: 8043: 8033: 8031: 8027: 8019: 8018: 8014: 8004: 8002: 7993: 7992: 7985: 7975: 7973: 7972:on 14 July 2011 7966: 7962: 7961: 7957: 7947: 7945: 7932: 7931: 7924: 7918:Wayback Machine 7903: 7901: 7890: 7886: 7885: 7881: 7871: 7869: 7854: 7850: 7840: 7838: 7837:on 21 June 2010 7829: 7828: 7824: 7814: 7812: 7801: 7792: 7782: 7780: 7765: 7761: 7751: 7749: 7734: 7730: 7720: 7718: 7703: 7699: 7689: 7687: 7674: 7673: 7669: 7659: 7657: 7648: 7647: 7643: 7633: 7631: 7622: 7621: 7617: 7607: 7606: 7602: 7592: 7590: 7575: 7571: 7561: 7559: 7550: 7549: 7545: 7535: 7533: 7524: 7523: 7519: 7510:. 9 July 2009. 7500: 7499: 7495: 7485: 7483: 7474: 7473: 7469: 7459: 7457: 7446: 7442: 7432: 7430: 7423:Hindustan Times 7417: 7416: 7412: 7402: 7400: 7391: 7390: 7386: 7376: 7374: 7369:. 7 July 2009. 7361: 7360: 7356: 7346: 7344: 7335: 7334: 7330: 7320: 7318: 7309: 7308: 7304: 7294: 7292: 7287:. 8 July 2009. 7279: 7278: 7274: 7264: 7262: 7249: 7248: 7244: 7234: 7232: 7215: 7214: 7210: 7200: 7198: 7197:on 12 July 2009 7187: 7183: 7173: 7171: 7162: 7161: 7157: 7147: 7145: 7132: 7131: 7127: 7117: 7115: 7106: 7105: 7101: 7091: 7089: 7080: 7079: 7075: 7065: 7063: 7062:on 15 July 2009 7054: 7053: 7049: 7039: 7037: 7032:. 8 July 2009. 7024: 7023: 7016: 7006: 7004: 6991: 6990: 6986: 6981:. 14 July 2009. 6974: 6973: 6969: 6959: 6957: 6956:on 18 July 2009 6950:Financial Times 6942: 6938: 6928: 6926: 6917: 6916: 6912: 6902: 6900: 6891: 6890: 6886: 6876: 6874: 6873:on 8 March 2012 6861: 6860: 6856: 6846: 6844: 6831: 6830: 6826: 6816: 6814: 6813:on 13 July 2009 6805: 6804: 6800: 6790: 6788: 6787:on 10 July 2009 6775: 6774: 6770: 6760: 6758: 6757:on 8 March 2012 6743: 6742: 6738: 6728: 6726: 6709: 6708: 6704: 6694: 6692: 6687:. 7 July 2009. 6679: 6678: 6674: 6664: 6662: 6653: 6652: 6645: 6635: 6633: 6620: 6619: 6615: 6605: 6603: 6598:. 7 July 2009. 6596:Radio Australia 6591: 6587: 6586: 6579: 6569: 6567: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6526: 6522: 6512: 6510: 6501: 6500: 6496: 6486: 6484: 6475: 6474: 6470: 6464:Wayback Machine 6455: 6451: 6441: 6439: 6424: 6420: 6410: 6408: 6407:on 17 July 2009 6399: 6398: 6394: 6384: 6382: 6381:on 25 July 2011 6367: 6366: 6362: 6352: 6350: 6341: 6340: 6336: 6326: 6324: 6311: 6310: 6306: 6296: 6294: 6279: 6278: 6274: 6264: 6262: 6261:on 10 July 2009 6245: 6238: 6228: 6226: 6217: 6216: 6212: 6202: 6200: 6195:. 7 July 2009. 6187: 6186: 6177: 6167: 6165: 6152: 6151: 6144: 6134: 6132: 6119: 6118: 6114: 6104: 6102: 6101:on 26 July 2009 6085: 6081: 6071: 6069: 6054: 6050: 6039: 6035: 6030:. 10 July 2009. 6028:China News Wrap 6025: 6024: 6020: 6010: 6008: 5997: 5993: 5983: 5982: 5978: 5968: 5966: 5965:on 10 July 2009 5951: 5944: 5934: 5932: 5917: 5908: 5898: 5896: 5883: 5882: 5878: 5865: 5864: 5860: 5850: 5848: 5840: 5837: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5818: 5816: 5801: 5797: 5787: 5785: 5778: 5774: 5773: 5766: 5755: 5740: 5730: 5728: 5717: 5713: 5703: 5701: 5692: 5691: 5687: 5677: 5675: 5660: 5656: 5645: 5643: 5638:. 9 July 2009. 5631: 5627: 5626: 5617: 5606: 5597: 5587: 5585: 5570: 5569: 5565: 5555: 5553: 5538: 5534: 5524: 5522: 5515:Radio Free Asia 5509: 5508: 5504: 5494: 5492: 5483: 5482: 5478: 5465: 5461: 5451: 5449: 5442:Financial Times 5434: 5427: 5417: 5415: 5402: 5401: 5397: 5387: 5385: 5370: 5363: 5353: 5351: 5338: 5337: 5333: 5316: 5315: 5311: 5300: 5296: 5286: 5284: 5271: 5270: 5266: 5256: 5254: 5241: 5240: 5236: 5226: 5224: 5219:. 7 July 2009. 5211: 5210: 5203: 5193: 5191: 5176: 5165: 5155: 5153: 5148:. 7 July 2009. 5140: 5139: 5132: 5122: 5120: 5105: 5101: 5091: 5089: 5088:on 10 July 2009 5074: 5070: 5060: 5058: 5043: 5039: 5029: 5027: 5026:on 10 July 2009 5018: 5017: 5013: 5003: 5001: 4986: 4979: 4969: 4967: 4958: 4957: 4953: 4943: 4941: 4940:on 23 July 2012 4928: 4924: 4923: 4916: 4906: 4904: 4895: 4894: 4890: 4867: 4866: 4862: 4840: 4839: 4835: 4825: 4823: 4814: 4813: 4809: 4799: 4797: 4786: 4782: 4772: 4770: 4755: 4751: 4741: 4739: 4738:on 10 July 2019 4726: 4725: 4721: 4711: 4709: 4694: 4690: 4680: 4678: 4663: 4662: 4658: 4648: 4646: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4622: 4620: 4619:on 10 July 2019 4605: 4601: 4590: 4586: 4575: 4571: 4561: 4559: 4540: 4533: 4523: 4521: 4508: 4507: 4503: 4493: 4491: 4486:. 8 July 2009. 4478: 4477: 4470: 4460: 4459: 4455: 4445: 4443: 4428: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4398: 4397: 4393: 4379: 4377: 4362: 4358: 4348: 4346: 4345:on 24 July 2009 4332: 4328: 4318: 4316: 4307: 4306: 4302: 4292: 4290: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4266: 4264: 4249: 4245: 4235: 4233: 4228:. 7 July 2009. 4220: 4219: 4212: 4197: 4187: 4180: 4178: 4167: 4163: 4162: 4158: 4148: 4146: 4137: 4136: 4121: 4111: 4109: 4104:. 2 July 2010. 4096: 4095: 4084: 4074: 4072: 4065: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4046: 4044: 4031:"Uighur Unrest" 4027: 4023: 4013: 4011: 4006:. 9 July 2009. 3998: 3997: 3993: 3980: 3978: 3968: 3964: 3954: 3952: 3937: 3933: 3923: 3921: 3908: 3907: 3903: 3893: 3891: 3876: 3872: 3862: 3860: 3859:on 10 July 2009 3856: 3850: 3846: 3845: 3826: 3816: 3814: 3813:on 31 July 2009 3805: 3804: 3800: 3790: 3788: 3775: 3774: 3770: 3760: 3758: 3745: 3744: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3720:on 22 June 2011 3712:(9 July 2009). 3703:Interview with 3702: 3693: 3680: 3679: 3670: 3660: 3658: 3645: 3644: 3640: 3630: 3628: 3617: 3613: 3603: 3601: 3592: 3591: 3587: 3575: 3560: 3551: 3547: 3516: 3512: 3499: 3497: 3490:Financial Times 3482: 3478: 3468: 3466: 3465:on 21 July 2011 3462: 3451: 3445: 3441: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3419: 3408: 3400: 3396: 3386: 3384: 3383:on 10 July 2009 3369: 3362: 3352: 3350: 3349:on 21 July 2011 3346: 3335: 3329: 3325: 3311: 3309: 3308:on 7 April 2010 3300: 3299: 3295: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3273: 3262: 3254: 3250: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3228: 3217: 3209: 3205: 3198: 3184: 3177: 3167: 3165: 3161: 3155: 3144: 3136: 3132: 3122: 3120: 3119:on 16 July 2007 3116: 3101: 3095: 3091: 3074: 3070: 3063: 3055:. M.E. Sharpe. 3047: 3043: 3037:Wayback Machine 3028: 3024: 3014: 3012: 2995: 2991: 2981: 2979: 2964: 2960: 2946: 2944: 2943:on 10 July 2009 2929: 2925: 2915: 2913: 2902: 2895: 2888: 2874: 2863: 2856: 2843: 2840: 2839: 2832: 2822: 2820: 2819:on 5 March 2016 2803: 2794: 2784: 2782: 2767: 2766: 2757: 2747: 2745: 2735: 2724: 2714: 2712: 2705:China Tech News 2699: 2698: 2694: 2684: 2682: 2667: 2666: 2655: 2645: 2643: 2635:Financial Times 2624: 2615: 2605: 2603: 2598:. 8 July 2009. 2588: 2587: 2580: 2570: 2568: 2563:. 5 July 2009. 2553: 2552: 2541: 2531: 2529: 2512: 2499: 2489: 2487: 2470: 2463: 2453: 2451: 2436: 2432: 2422: 2420: 2415:. 6 July 2009. 2405: 2404: 2391: 2381: 2379: 2362: 2353: 2343: 2341: 2326: 2325: 2310: 2300: 2298: 2283: 2274: 2264: 2263: 2254: 2244: 2242: 2231: 2224: 2214: 2212: 2197: 2190: 2180: 2178: 2167: 2156: 2146: 2144: 2129: 2120: 2110: 2108: 2091: 2080: 2070: 2068: 2067:on 17 July 2009 2053: 2042: 2032: 2030: 2013: 2004: 1999: 1987: 1937: 1889: 1846: 1840: 1807: 1802: 1793: 1708:Daily Telegraph 1695: 1664: 1651:Lawrence Cannon 1567: 1496: 1491: 1474: 1423:Financial Times 1391: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1326:party secretary 1290: 1245: 1197: 1174: 1141:People's Square 1125: 1120: 1090:Jirla Isamuddin 1081: 1054: 1053: 1052: 1046: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1033: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1003: 983:Ghulja Incident 908: 890: 780:5 July incident 777:Literal meaning 717:Literal meaning 647: 539:Literal meaning 497: 492: 428:Shanshan (2013) 383:Xinjiang (2009) 292: 287: 285: 283: 206: 201: 196: 180: 179: 155: 146:People's Police 129: 127: 122: 111: 106: 102: 81:Anger over the 73: 52: 17: 12: 11: 5: 12642: 12632: 12631: 12626: 12621: 12616: 12611: 12606: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12586: 12581: 12576: 12571: 12554: 12553: 12541: 12518: 12517: 12515: 12514: 12509: 12503: 12501: 12497: 12496: 12494: 12493: 12488: 12483: 12478: 12473: 12468: 12463: 12458: 12457: 12456: 12445: 12443: 12439: 12438: 12435: 12434: 12432: 12431: 12426: 12421: 12416: 12414:Teoh Beng Hock 12411: 12406: 12401: 12396: 12391: 12389:Jiansheng Chen 12386: 12381: 12376: 12371: 12366: 12361: 12356: 12350: 12348: 12344: 12343: 12341: 12340: 12335: 12333:Velma Demerson 12330: 12325: 12320: 12314: 12312: 12308: 12307: 12305: 12304: 12299: 12294: 12289: 12284: 12282:Chae Chan Ping 12278: 12276: 12269: 12265: 12264: 12261: 12260: 12258: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12242: 12237: 12232: 12227: 12226: 12225: 12210: 12205: 12200: 12195: 12190: 12185: 12180: 12175: 12173:Wolf Amendment 12170: 12165: 12160: 12155: 12150: 12144: 12142: 12138: 12137: 12135: 12134: 12129: 12124: 12118: 12112: 12107: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12081: 12075: 12069: 12063: 12062: 12061: 12047: 12041: 12035: 12029: 12028: 12027: 12022: 12017: 12011: 11999: 11993: 11988: 11982: 11977: 11971: 11968:Beipu uprising 11965: 11959: 11952: 11950: 11946: 11945: 11943: 11942: 11936: 11930: 11925: 11919: 11914: 11909: 11903: 11898: 11892: 11887: 11882: 11877: 11872: 11867: 11861: 11855: 11850: 11844: 11839: 11833: 11828: 11822: 11816: 11809: 11807: 11803: 11802: 11800: 11799: 11794: 11788: 11786: 11782: 11781: 11779: 11778: 11773: 11768: 11761: 11759: 11752: 11748: 11747: 11745: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11729: 11724: 11718: 11716: 11715:By institution 11712: 11711: 11709: 11708: 11703: 11702: 11701: 11691: 11686: 11681: 11676: 11671: 11666: 11661: 11660: 11659: 11654: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11633: 11632: 11622: 11617: 11612: 11606: 11604: 11600: 11599: 11597: 11596: 11591: 11586: 11581: 11576: 11571: 11566: 11560: 11558: 11554: 11553: 11551: 11550: 11545: 11544: 11543: 11533: 11532: 11531: 11526: 11516: 11510: 11508: 11504: 11503: 11495: 11494: 11487: 11480: 11472: 11463: 11462: 11460: 11459: 11454: 11449: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11432:Soft detention 11429: 11424: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11407:PLA Unit 61398 11404: 11399: 11394: 11389: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11363: 11362: 11357: 11352: 11342: 11341: 11340: 11330: 11325: 11320: 11315: 11310: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11285: 11283:2011 crackdown 11279: 11277: 11273: 11272: 11270: 11269: 11264: 11259: 11254: 11248: 11242: 11236: 11230: 11224: 11218: 11212: 11206: 11200: 11194: 11191:Sufan movement 11188: 11182: 11175: 11173: 11169: 11168: 11166: 11165: 11164: 11163: 11151: 11146: 11141: 11140: 11139: 11127: 11100: 11095: 11089: 11087: 11081: 11080: 11078: 11077: 11076: 11075: 11070: 11065: 11060: 11055: 11054: 11053: 11038: 11033: 11028: 11023: 11017: 11015: 11009: 11008: 11006: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10984: 10983: 10973: 10972: 10971: 10966: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10950: 10949: 10948: 10947: 10937: 10932: 10931: 10930: 10910: 10904: 10902: 10896: 10895: 10893: 10892: 10891: 10890: 10885: 10880: 10875: 10870: 10860: 10859: 10858: 10853: 10852: 10851: 10846: 10845: 10844: 10834: 10824: 10813: 10811: 10807: 10806: 10794: 10793: 10786: 10779: 10771: 10762: 10761: 10759: 10758: 10746: 10733: 10730: 10729: 10727: 10726: 10721: 10716: 10711: 10706: 10701: 10700: 10699: 10689: 10684: 10682:East Turkestan 10679: 10674: 10669: 10664: 10658: 10656: 10652: 10651: 10649: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10616:Zhang Chunxian 10613: 10608: 10603: 10598: 10593: 10588: 10583: 10581:Ehmetjan Qasim 10578: 10573: 10568: 10563: 10558: 10553: 10548: 10546:Jahangir Khoja 10543: 10538: 10532: 10530: 10526: 10525: 10523: 10522: 10517: 10512: 10507: 10502: 10497: 10492: 10487: 10482: 10477: 10472: 10467: 10462: 10457: 10452: 10447: 10442: 10437: 10432: 10427: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10395:Barin uprising 10392: 10386: 10384: 10378: 10377: 10375: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10334: 10328: 10326: 10322: 10321: 10319: 10318: 10313: 10307: 10305: 10301: 10300: 10298: 10297: 10292: 10287: 10282: 10277: 10272: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10251: 10249: 10243: 10242: 10240: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10217:Doppa Festival 10213: 10211: 10205: 10204: 10202: 10201: 10196: 10191: 10185: 10183: 10177: 10176: 10174: 10173: 10168: 10163: 10158: 10153: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10133: 10128: 10118: 10108: 10103: 10097: 10095: 10089: 10088: 10086: 10085: 10084: 10083: 10073: 10072: 10071: 10061: 10056: 10055: 10054: 10044: 10043: 10042: 10037: 10035:General of Ili 10032: 10031: 10030: 10020: 10015: 10005: 10000: 9999: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9978: 9973: 9971:Turpan Khanate 9968: 9963: 9958: 9953: 9948: 9943: 9938: 9937: 9936: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9914:Tibetan Empire 9911: 9910: 9909: 9904: 9903: 9902: 9887: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9851: 9850: 9849: 9844: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9818: 9816: 9810: 9809: 9799: 9796: 9795: 9787: 9786: 9779: 9772: 9764: 9755: 9754: 9752: 9751: 9741: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9705: 9703: 9699: 9698: 9696: 9695: 9690: 9689: 9688: 9678: 9672: 9665: 9663: 9659: 9658: 9656: 9655: 9649: 9643: 9637: 9634:Jasic incident 9631: 9628:Wukan protests 9624: 9622: 9618: 9617: 9615: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9597:Taiyuan attack 9594: 9586: 9584:Shanshan riots 9581: 9575: 9573: 9569: 9568: 9566: 9565: 9563:Zhongshan riot 9560: 9555: 9550: 9548:Qidong protest 9545: 9539: 9537: 9533: 9532: 9530: 9529: 9527:Zhongshan riot 9524: 9519: 9517:Zengcheng riot 9514: 9512:Yunnan protest 9509: 9507:Wukan protests 9504: 9499: 9494: 9492:Haimen protest 9489: 9484: 9479: 9469: 9463: 9461: 9457: 9456: 9454: 9453: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9431:Ma'anshan riot 9428: 9423: 9417: 9415: 9411: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9376: 9374: 9370: 9369: 9367: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9349:Tibetan unrest 9346: 9341: 9336: 9331: 9325: 9323: 9319: 9318: 9316: 9315: 9309: 9303: 9297: 9291: 9285: 9279: 9273: 9266: 9264: 9260: 9259: 9250: 9249: 9242: 9235: 9227: 9219: 9218: 9187: 9161: 9130: 9100: 9066: 9040: 9017: 8991: 8965: 8939: 8910: 8898: 8886: 8852: 8809: 8783: 8750: 8719: 8708:on 25 May 2012 8689: 8659: 8633: 8603: 8577: 8546: 8520: 8490: 8463: 8437: 8410: 8399: 8373: 8342: 8308: 8279: 8248: 8218: 8188: 8162: 8132: 8102: 8072: 8041: 8012: 7983: 7955: 7922: 7894:People's Daily 7879: 7848: 7822: 7811:on 25 May 2012 7790: 7759: 7728: 7697: 7667: 7641: 7615: 7600: 7569: 7543: 7517: 7493: 7467: 7440: 7410: 7384: 7354: 7328: 7302: 7272: 7242: 7208: 7181: 7155: 7138:Anadolu Ajansi 7125: 7099: 7073: 7047: 7014: 6984: 6967: 6936: 6910: 6884: 6854: 6824: 6798: 6768: 6736: 6702: 6672: 6643: 6613: 6577: 6547: 6520: 6494: 6468: 6449: 6418: 6392: 6360: 6334: 6323:on 8 July 2009 6304: 6272: 6236: 6210: 6175: 6142: 6112: 6079: 6048: 6033: 6018: 5991: 5976: 5942: 5906: 5876: 5858: 5826: 5809:The Advertiser 5795: 5784:on 17 May 2010 5777:新疆今日起全面恢复互联网业务 5764: 5738: 5711: 5685: 5654: 5636:Democracy Now! 5615: 5595: 5563: 5532: 5502: 5476: 5466:Reuters.com. " 5459: 5425: 5395: 5361: 5331: 5309: 5294: 5264: 5234: 5201: 5163: 5130: 5099: 5068: 5037: 5011: 4977: 4951: 4914: 4888: 4860: 4833: 4807: 4780: 4749: 4719: 4688: 4656: 4645:on 9 July 2009 4630: 4599: 4584: 4569: 4531: 4501: 4468: 4465:. 9 July 2009. 4463:Shanghai Daily 4453: 4417: 4391: 4356: 4335:Kadeer, Rebiya 4326: 4300: 4274: 4243: 4210: 4171:Deutsche Welle 4156: 4119: 4082: 4054: 4021: 4004:The New Nation 3991: 3976:The Australian 3962: 3931: 3901: 3870: 3824: 3798: 3768: 3731: 3691: 3668: 3638: 3611: 3585: 3545: 3510: 3476: 3439: 3417: 3394: 3360: 3323: 3293: 3271: 3248: 3237:on 24 May 2010 3226: 3203: 3196: 3175: 3153: 3130: 3089: 3068: 3061: 3041: 3030:ed. Starr 2004 3022: 3011:on 8 June 2011 3004:Foreign Policy 2989: 2958: 2923: 2893: 2886: 2861: 2854: 2830: 2792: 2755: 2743:The Australian 2722: 2692: 2653: 2613: 2578: 2539: 2497: 2461: 2430: 2389: 2351: 2308: 2272: 2252: 2222: 2188: 2173:. Al Jazeera. 2154: 2118: 2078: 2040: 2001: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1993: 1986: 1983: 1966:People's Daily 1936: 1933: 1917:Zhang Chunxian 1888: 1885: 1842:Main article: 1839: 1836: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1798: 1750:People's Daily 1694: 1693:Media coverage 1691: 1690: 1689: 1681: 1673: 1663: 1660: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1561: 1549:European Union 1545: 1537: 1513: 1500:United Nations 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1473: 1470: 1390: 1387: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1289: 1286: 1244: 1241: 1186:The Australian 1173: 1170: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1042: 1041: 1035: 1034: 1027: 1026: 1021: 1020: 1013: 1012: 1006: 1005: 1004: 1002: 999: 993:preceding the 889: 886: 843:disappearances 813: 812: 809: 808: 805: 804: 797: 791: 790: 789:Transcriptions 782: 781: 778: 774: 773: 767: 761: 760: 756: 755: 752: 751: 744: 738: 737: 731: 730: 729:Transcriptions 722: 721: 718: 714: 713: 706: 700: 699: 692: 686: 685: 681: 680: 677: 676: 669: 660: 659: 653: 652: 643: 637: 636: 634:Yue: Cantonese 630: 629: 622: 616: 615: 609: 608: 601: 595: 594: 588: 587: 580: 574: 573: 566: 560: 559: 553: 552: 551:Transcriptions 544: 543: 540: 536: 535: 528: 522: 521: 514: 508: 507: 503: 502: 494: 493: 491: 490: 485: 480: 478:Bangkok (2015) 475: 470: 465: 463:Yarkant (2014) 460: 455: 450: 445: 443:Kunming (2014) 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 408:Yecheng (2012) 405: 400: 398:Kashgar (2011) 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 368:Kashgar (2008) 365: 360: 349: 348: 343: 338: 333: 328: 317: 316: 314:Yi–Ta incident 311: 306: 297: 294: 293: 282: 281: 274: 267: 259: 251: 250: 247: 241: 240: 237: 233: 232: 229: 225: 224: 221: 217: 216: 212: 211: 208: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 187: 186: 182: 181: 170: 169: 166: 165: 161: 160: 157: 156: 154: 153: 148: 143: 125: 123: 114: 112: 98: 91: 90: 86: 85: 79: 75: 74: 68: 66: 62: 61: 58: 54: 53: 42: 34: 33: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12641: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12622: 12620: 12617: 12615: 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12595: 12592: 12590: 12587: 12585: 12582: 12580: 12577: 12575: 12574:2009 in China 12572: 12570: 12567: 12566: 12564: 12557: 12552: 12547: 12542: 12540: 12530: 12529: 12526: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12504: 12502: 12498: 12492: 12489: 12487: 12484: 12482: 12479: 12477: 12474: 12472: 12469: 12467: 12464: 12462: 12459: 12455: 12452: 12451: 12450: 12447: 12446: 12444: 12440: 12430: 12427: 12425: 12422: 12420: 12417: 12415: 12412: 12410: 12407: 12405: 12402: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12390: 12387: 12385: 12382: 12380: 12377: 12375: 12372: 12370: 12367: 12365: 12362: 12360: 12357: 12355: 12352: 12351: 12349: 12345: 12339: 12336: 12334: 12331: 12329: 12326: 12324: 12321: 12319: 12316: 12315: 12313: 12309: 12303: 12300: 12298: 12295: 12293: 12290: 12288: 12287:Fong Yue Ting 12285: 12283: 12280: 12279: 12277: 12273: 12270: 12266: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12224: 12221: 12220: 12218: 12217:Trump tariffs 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12204: 12201: 12199: 12196: 12194: 12191: 12189: 12186: 12184: 12181: 12179: 12176: 12174: 12171: 12169: 12166: 12164: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12145: 12143: 12139: 12133: 12130: 12128: 12125: 12122: 12119: 12116: 12113: 12111: 12108: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12079: 12076: 12073: 12070: 12067: 12064: 12059: 12056: 12055: 12053: 12052: 12048: 12045: 12042: 12039: 12036: 12033: 12030: 12026: 12023: 12021: 12018: 12015: 12012: 12009: 12006: 12005: 12003: 12000: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11987:(1920s–1930s) 11986: 11983: 11981: 11978: 11975: 11972: 11969: 11966: 11963: 11960: 11957: 11954: 11953: 11951: 11947: 11940: 11937: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11913: 11910: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11896: 11893: 11891: 11888: 11886: 11883: 11881: 11878: 11876: 11873: 11871: 11868: 11865: 11862: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11826: 11823: 11820: 11817: 11814: 11813:Buckland Riot 11811: 11810: 11808: 11804: 11798: 11795: 11793: 11790: 11789: 11787: 11783: 11777: 11774: 11772: 11769: 11766: 11763: 11762: 11760: 11756: 11753: 11749: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11719: 11717: 11713: 11707: 11704: 11700: 11697: 11696: 11695: 11694:United States 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11680: 11677: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11665: 11662: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11649: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11631: 11628: 11627: 11626: 11623: 11621: 11618: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11607: 11605: 11601: 11595: 11592: 11590: 11587: 11585: 11582: 11580: 11577: 11575: 11574:Denis Kearney 11572: 11570: 11567: 11565: 11562: 11561: 11559: 11557:By persecutor 11555: 11549: 11546: 11542: 11539: 11538: 11537: 11534: 11530: 11527: 11525: 11522: 11521: 11520: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11511: 11509: 11505: 11500: 11493: 11488: 11486: 11481: 11479: 11474: 11473: 11470: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11448: 11445: 11443: 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11403: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11390: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11361: 11358: 11356: 11353: 11351: 11348: 11347: 11346: 11343: 11339: 11336: 11335: 11334: 11331: 11329: 11326: 11324: 11321: 11319: 11316: 11314: 11311: 11309: 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11284: 11281: 11280: 11278: 11274: 11268: 11267:United States 11265: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11255: 11252: 11251:709 crackdown 11249: 11246: 11243: 11240: 11237: 11234: 11231: 11228: 11225: 11222: 11219: 11216: 11213: 11210: 11207: 11204: 11201: 11198: 11195: 11192: 11189: 11186: 11183: 11180: 11177: 11176: 11174: 11170: 11160: 11155: 11152: 11150: 11147: 11145: 11142: 11136: 11131: 11128: 11125: 11121: 11118: 11117: 11114: 11109: 11106: 11105: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11090: 11088: 11086: 11082: 11074: 11071: 11069: 11066: 11064: 11061: 11059: 11056: 11052: 11049: 11048: 11047: 11044: 11043: 11042: 11039: 11037: 11034: 11032: 11029: 11027: 11024: 11022: 11019: 11018: 11016: 11014: 11010: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10982: 10979: 10978: 10977: 10974: 10970: 10967: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10946: 10943: 10942: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10929: 10926: 10925: 10924: 10921: 10920: 10919: 10916: 10915: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10905: 10903: 10901: 10897: 10889: 10886: 10884: 10881: 10879: 10876: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10865: 10864: 10863:State Council 10861: 10857: 10854: 10850: 10847: 10843: 10840: 10839: 10838: 10835: 10833: 10830: 10829: 10828: 10825: 10823: 10820: 10819: 10818: 10815: 10814: 10812: 10808: 10803: 10799: 10792: 10787: 10785: 10780: 10778: 10773: 10772: 10769: 10757: 10756: 10747: 10745: 10744: 10735: 10734: 10731: 10725: 10722: 10720: 10717: 10715: 10712: 10710: 10707: 10705: 10702: 10698: 10695: 10694: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10673: 10670: 10668: 10665: 10663: 10662:Uyghur people 10660: 10659: 10657: 10653: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10626:Salih Hudayar 10624: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10602: 10599: 10597: 10596:Rebiya Kadeer 10594: 10592: 10589: 10587: 10584: 10582: 10579: 10577: 10574: 10572: 10571:Sabit Damolla 10569: 10567: 10564: 10562: 10559: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10533: 10531: 10527: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10478: 10476: 10473: 10471: 10468: 10466: 10463: 10461: 10458: 10456: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10443: 10441: 10438: 10436: 10433: 10431: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10387: 10385: 10383: 10379: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10357:Id Kah Mosque 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10329: 10327: 10323: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10308: 10306: 10302: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10256: 10253: 10252: 10250: 10248: 10244: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10214: 10212: 10210: 10206: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10186: 10184: 10182: 10178: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10136:Kumtag Desert 10134: 10132: 10129: 10126: 10122: 10119: 10116: 10112: 10111:Junggar Basin 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10098: 10096: 10094: 10090: 10082: 10079: 10078: 10077: 10074: 10070: 10069:Ili Rebellion 10067: 10066: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10053: 10052:Xinjiang Wars 10050: 10049: 10048: 10045: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10029: 10026: 10025: 10024: 10021: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10010: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10003:Kumul Khanate 10001: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9983: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9957: 9954: 9952: 9949: 9947: 9946:Mongol Empire 9944: 9942: 9939: 9935: 9932: 9931: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9908: 9905: 9901: 9898: 9897: 9896: 9893: 9892: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9882: 9878: 9874: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9839: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9819: 9817: 9815: 9811: 9806: 9802: 9797: 9792: 9785: 9780: 9778: 9773: 9771: 9766: 9765: 9762: 9749: 9745: 9742: 9739: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9706: 9704: 9700: 9694: 9691: 9687: 9684: 9683: 9682: 9679: 9676: 9673: 9670: 9667: 9666: 9664: 9660: 9653: 9650: 9647: 9644: 9641: 9638: 9635: 9632: 9629: 9626: 9625: 9623: 9619: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9591: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9570: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9540: 9538: 9534: 9528: 9525: 9523: 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