181:
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877:) The object of the company is henceforth: The manufacture and sale of articles used in the cinematograph industry and related industries, as well as the operation of cinematograph theaters. According to the resolution of August 17, 1909, the share capital was increased by 3,000 marks to 24,000 marks. Ernst Mirre is no longer managing director The businessman (
473:, and in 1913 built a double glasshouse studio along with the largest film processing lab in the country (capable of an advertised 100,000 meters daily capacity.) Showrooms remained in 32/34 Lindenstraße, and the entire production of films moved to Weissensee on 1 October 1913, along with the manufacturing, drying and copying equipment.
245:
soon after its discovery. In
February 1908 Carl Schleussner bought Deutsche Bioscop as a manufacturing, copying and sales operation, for a 2/3 share of 140,000 marks, with 1/3 provided by Greenbaum and his brother Max. Deutsche Bioskop was re-registered on 27 February 1908, and Schleussner bought out
575:
with the borders of many states completely redrawn after 1919. This unsettled political situation led to reduced profits; Ufa claimed millions from
Greenbaum for lost sales and the dispute escalated through the courts. Ufa's interests were represented by Hemann Fellner, Greenbaum's former business
331:
On 8 September 1909 Vitascope-Theater GmbH changed its name to
Deutsche Vitascope GmbH, with Greenbaum the owner and managing director, and headquarters at 20 Friedrichstraße. The firm's chief objective was the production of sound pictures on continuous film so that all the reels could be shown
529:
Freed by the war from the foreign competition, Greenbaum broke with
Davidson's PAGU and founded Greenbaum-Film out of Vitascope. On 12 January 1915 Greenbaum-Film was incorporated with 10,000 marks and started production again in 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße, Weissensee, with office and sales at
495:
PAGU combined the resources of 800 employees, with main offices in
Zimmerstraße and Lindenstraße, 20 "Union" cinemas, glasshouse studios in Tempelhof and in Weissensee, with its duplicating lab. Both companies continued to produce films under their own name and logos. From January 1914
442:
16 in 1911; and in
October 1912 Greenbaum vacated 123 Chauseestraße and moved everything to 32–34 Lindenstraße (including manufacture, developing and copying equipment). The fine red sandstone building at 123 Chauseestraße was taken over by Walter Schmidthässler and his recently formed
322:
while the standard length of films was increasingly four or five reels long. Costs had soared by the end of 1908 (the
Synchroscope was originally priced at $ 750 (around $ 20,000 in 2015); and Schleussner AG bought out Greenbaum's share of Deutsche Bioscope to free up his operations.
172:, where the firm supplied equipment (including the American Biograph camera), and an 8-hour guaranteed film copying service. Bioscope's cameramen were sent to Vienna, Munich, Leipzig, Halle, Nuremberg, Kiel, Hamburg, Poznan, Lviv and Riga in search of vaudeville/variety acts to film.
534:
for 3 June 1915 announced: "Dr. Hans Oberländer, Richard Löwenbein, Richard Oswald, Greenbaum-Film GmbH – the biggest film factory in
Germany." Oswald made five films in a few months and then separated financially from Greenbaum-Film, becoming a self-employed producer and director.
154:) in 1899. This name has various contemporary spellings, including Bioscope, Bioskope and Bioskop. Greenbaum acquired a camera in Amsterdam, and a cameraman, Georg Furkel. Furkel worked as his technical director until 1912, along with another Dutch cameraman, Martin Knoop.
570:
Greenbaum negotiated a monopoly contract with Ufa to supply films to
Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey. Although Ufa generally didn't break even with domestic sales in Germany alone, foreign sales could make up the difference. However, the war had enormous
317:
installed the system in a number of
American cinemas, mostly in German-speaking communities. Synchroscope largely petered out because not enough sound films were made to meet demand and because it could only last for two or three
516:, foreign films were barred from Germany allowing domestic production to boom. Pathé and PAGU broke off relationships; the admin offices and studios belonging to Pathé were placed into receivership, and reverted to Greenbaum.
550:
detective series) also moved to Greenbaum-Film and directed nine films in Weißensee. Greenbaum took out a 5-year lease on the Weißensee premises from 4 January 1917 – 1922. In 1919 he leased the double glasshouse studios to
273:
Greenbaum registered a new cinema company, Bioskope-Theater GmbH, on 24 February 1908. The directors were Jules' brother, Max Greenbaum (an experienced banker), and Erich Zeiske. In October 1908, Greenbaum opened the
305:
records to create a working sound and vision system. Greenbaum produced a number of these sound shorts of vocal classical music, and in 1908 entered into contracts to supply the machinery to
567:, which the State had quietly established as the giant of German film industry during the war, but the deal led to a series of legal disputes and the virtual bankruptcy of Greenbaum-Film.
289:, 1–2 Berliner Straße. When Greenbaum left Deutsche Bioscop on 8 September 1909, the Bioskope-Theater became Deutsche Vitaskope Gmbh, releasing films under the 'Deutsche Vitascope' name.
345:
359:, where Vitascope produced short films of about 120 feet (60m) synchronised with phonograph recordings of vocal numbers, opera arias and dance pieces. The sound films were directed by
1387:
218:, opening a Vitascope cinema at 10 Friedrichstraße, and in March 1907 he registered Vitascope Theater GmbH as a limited company. Its partners were Louis Rosenfeld and Otto Heinemann.
332:
without interruptions. The 1910 Vitascope catalogue advertised a flicker-free camera, Vitaphone soundfilms, arc lamps, used original Vitascope films and 100,000 meters of used
586:
Greenbaum lost the factory and everything else, and died in 1924 in a mental hospital aged 57. The studios were taken over by Ufa after his death; his two sons George and
298:
709:
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industry, but on his return to Berlin in 1895 aged around 42 Greenbaum moved into the newly established film business and founded Deutsche Bioscope (
1184:
There is a photo of Zeiske (among many others) at the first International Congress of Film Manufacturers in Paris in February 1909. See
512:
to distribute PAGU films. Pathé bought the Weissensee studios at 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße in July 1914. However, with the outbreak of the
275:
237:
As his business increased, Greenbaum made a deal with the chemist Carl Moritz Schleussner of the photochemicals firm Schleussner AG in
1432:, Lignose was indirectly involved in a hushed-up scandal which had threatened to expose wide-spread circumvention of the terms of the
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1702:
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804:
898:(recently re-discovered), the first of 7 films 1914-1920 with parts I-IV made by Greenbaum at 5-7 Franz-Joseph Strasse in the
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253:
in November 1911, which is well-known as the oldest large-scale film studio in the world and still today producing well-known
168:
Deutsche Bioscope GmbH, Berlin, was incorporated on 18 June 1902 with a capital of 20,000 marks The main offices were at 131d
1413:
350:
108:. He founded the production companies Deutsche Bioscope, Deutsche Vitascope and Greenbaum-Film and was a dominant figure in
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165:. His firm released more newsreels in 1901/02, importing American and French features and manufacturing cinema equipment.
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Coincidentally, right next door to 11 Friedrichstraße, the offices of Cines-Theater AG, a Berlin-based offshoot of the
1540:
Hampicke, Evelyn (1996). "'More than ten lines' Jules Greenbaum. A contribution against forgetting in film history.".
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in 1920. Ufa absorbed Decla-Bioscop in 1921, and completely rebuilt the cinema as a 400-seat preview studio theatre.
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Needing to expand even further, Greenbaum acquired land at 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße (now Max-Liebermann-Straße),
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384:
Greenbaum also had a 'normal' silent film studio at 94 Markgrafenstraße. Vitascope's first film of 1910 was
796:
593:
During his life Greenbaum launched the career of a number of leading German directors and actors including
355:, with a glasshouse studio on the roof. Greenbaum moved to new recording rooms for sound production at 105
1544:(in German). Schaudig, Michael (ed.). Munich: Discourse Filmverlag Schaudig & Single. pp. 23–36.
873:
According to the decision of August 17, 1909, the company is changed to: Deutsche Vitascope Company Ltd. (
1395:
1188:"International Meetings and Congresses of Film Manufacturers held in Paris, 1908-1909: French Viewpoints"
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managed Greenbaum-Film until it was taken over by Hermann Millakowsky and eventually liquidated in 1932.
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Greenbaum was born in Berlin in 1867 as Julius Grünbaum. He married Emma Karstein in c1887 and moved to
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542:, who starred in seventeen films for Greenbaum-Film by 1920. The director Adolf Gärtner (who worked on
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398:. Larsen remained with Vitascope for two years, then founded his own company with star Wanda Treumann.
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Frühe deutsche Kinematographie : formale, wirtschaftliche und kulturelle Entwicklungen, 1907-1912
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838:
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was artistic and advertising director at Vitascope. Oswald made the "Baskerville" detective series.
1448:) who oversaw millions of marks' worth of clandestine funding for secret Naval projects during the
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192:, in the east of Berlin; a glasshouse studio was erected in the large courtyard at the rear of the
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8:
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Positionen deutscher Filmgeschichte (Positions of German film history) (Discourse-film-8)
902:, and parts V (1915), VI & VII (1920) by Davidson/PAGU probably after the split. See
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The brief merger between PAGU and Vitascope (1914-15) was called Union-Vitascope Gmbh.
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Still seeking further distribution outlets, Greenbaum and Davidson closed a deal with
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Vitascope cinema, a showpiece 500-seat movie theatre equipped to show sound films on
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The studios at 32/34 Lindenstraße were occupied in 1928–1932 by a less successful
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Deutsche Bioscope's first independent film was the 60-metre 1899 newsreel picture
142:, where his first son Georg was born 1 November 1889. He originally worked in the
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and other explosives, and pocket pistols. Along with a film production company,
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From Caligari to California: Erich Pommer's Life in the International Film Wars
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also joined in 1910, working as director and lead actor for Vitascope. In 1911
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Between Two Worlds: The Jewish Presence in German and Austrian Film, 1910-1933
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In 1910 Vitascope opened main offices and a film copying facility at 32–34
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Greenbaum-Film's studios and copying facility in Weissensee, April 1918
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was engaged as scriptwriter, soon debuting as actor and director, with
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merged with Deutsche Bioscop GmbH and became known as Decla-Bioscop.
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883:) Jules Greenbaum in Berlin has been appointed managing director."
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The Speed of Sound: Hollywood and the Talkie Revolution, 1926–1930
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Entry in the Commercial Register {Handelsregister} 23 June 1902 (
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Vitascope Theater Betriebsgesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung
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39:
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1147:, pp. 177–202) (in German). Cinegraph.de. Archived from
485:(Projektions-Aktiengesellschaft 'Union'), owned by his rival
319:
309:'s Movie Service Company in Chicago and to another American,
1006:
1124:
in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 23 , pp. 68–69 [Online edition
482:
104:(5 January 1867 – 1 November 1924) was a German pioneering
1470:
1440:. The "Lohmann Affair" was named after the Naval Captain (
1266:
1229:
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for 600,000 marks, which became known as the May-Atelier.
1351:. Lexikon zum deutschsprachigen Film. (Online edition of
1318:. Lexikon zum deutschsprachigen Film. (Online edition of
1143:. Lexikon zum deutschsprachigen Film. (Online edition of
1064:. Lexikon zum deutschsprachigen Film. (Online edition of
558:
481:
In January 1914 Greenbaum merged his Vitascope firm with
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Deutsche Vitascope Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung
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The Bergmann and Lignose Pocket and Vestpocket Pistols
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Berg-Ganschow, Uta; Jacobsen, Wolfgang, eds. (1987).
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129:
1515:
The Concise Cinegraph: Encyclopedia of German Cinema
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1101:
957:
867:"Berlin. Vitascope Theater Operating Company Ltd. (
292:
1620:
1602:
1512:Bock, Hans-Michael; Bergfelder, Tim, eds. (2009).
249:Under its new owner, Deutsche Bioskop AG moved to
116:. He is also known for his early experiments with
1301:
1669:
1615:) (PDF) are freely available from Springer Link.
1294:The orchestra's conductor from 1899 to 1913 was
175:
126:made them a more established feature of cinema.
1565:CineGraph – Lexikon zum deutschsprachigen Film.
1238:"Aus dem Reiche der Töne - Bei Jules Greenbaum"
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336:/variety act movies, for 20-40 pfennigs/meter.
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1339:
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841:, which was involved with the building of the
1355:, pp. 177–202) (in German). Cinegraph.de
1322:, pp. 177–202) (in German). Cinegraph.de
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1068:, pp. 177–202) (in German). Cinegraph.de
459:Studios at 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße, Weissensee
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1416:. The parent company, Lignose AG, processed
1377:. Unblinkingeye.com. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
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1349:Berliner Film-Ateliers. Ein kleines Lexikon
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1316:Berliner Film-Ateliers. Ein kleines Lexikon
1141:Berliner Film-Ateliers. Ein kleines Lexikon
1062:Berliner Film-Ateliers. Ein kleines Lexikon
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246:the Greenbaums' remaining share in 1909.
188:Bioscope built new offices in 1906 at 123
120:around twenty years before the success of
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1497:(in German). Argon (S. Fischer Verlag).
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257:. Deutsche Bioskop AG later merged with
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1414:de:Lignose Hörfilm System Breusing GmbH
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1097:(in German) (12): n.p. . 24 March 1907.
638:
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573:repercussions for the Balkan peninsula
559:Merger with Ufa – bankruptcy and death
1579:
1398:, pp. A31-A38. (Declassified in 1993)
1172:
538:In 1916 Greenbaum closed a deal with
438:Vitascope opened a further studio at
410:(Brain Reflex) and three others with
326:
1619:Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey, ed. (1996).
265:in 1920 to create Decla-Bioskop AG.
225:network with Vitascope handling the
209:
530:Friedrichstraße 235. An article in
476:
387:Arsène Lupin contra Sherlock Holmes
297:Greenbaum's firm invented and used
268:
13:
1623:The Oxford History of World Cinema
1495:...Film...Stadt...Kino...Berlin...
1465:, Nr. 419, 6 January 1915, [pdf 29
1236:Olitzki, Max (15 September 1909).
904:de:Der Hund von Baskerville (1914)
563:In 1919 Greenbaum affiliated with
381:& Choir and the Royal Ballet.
130:Early career and Deutsche Bioscope
14:
1719:
1652:
1353:Berg-Ganschow & Jacobsen 1987
1320:Berg-Ganschow & Jacobsen 1987
1185:
1145:Berg-Ganschow & Jacobsen 1987
1066:Berg-Ganschow & Jacobsen 1987
725:The Confessions of the Green Mask
519:
1611: NB The chapter end notes (
1609:(in German). Stuttgart: Metzler.
1284:(143): n.p. . 22 September 1909.
609:("Max Greene") became a leading
293:Synchroscope – early sound films
1455:
1402:
1394:, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Spring 1960).
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1367:
1288:
1178:
909:"The Hound of the Baskervilles"
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861:
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843:Ufa-Pavillon am Nollendorfplatz
1080:
1037:
831:
813:The Nights of Cornelis Brouwer
1:
1703:Deaths in mental institutions
854:The cinema was taken over by
820:
579:In April 1920, rival company
340:Studios at 32–34 Lindenstraße
176:Studios at 123 Chausseestraße
1274:"Firmennachtrichten: Berlin"
1186:Meusy, Jean-Jacques (n.d.).
1088:"Neueintragungen von Firmen"
434:Studio at 16 Friedrichstraße
7:
1627:. Oxford University Press.
1536:. Simon and Schuster, 1997.
1396:Central Intelligence Agency
10:
1724:
1708:Businesspeople from Berlin
1486:
1119:Eisenbach, Ulrich, (2007).
1016:Bock & Bergfelder 2009
952:Bock & Bergfelder 2009
805:The Oath of Stephan Huller
462:
367:. One notable film was of
214:Greenbaum began acquiring
1567:(in German). Cinegraph.de
1559:Hampicke, Evelyn (2015).
1392:. Studies in Intelligence
390:produced and directed by
363:and starred his daughter
233:Sale of Deutsche Bioscope
89:
75:
65:
54:1 November 1924 (aged 57)
50:
28:
21:
1698:19th-century German Jews
1601:Müller, Corinna (1994).
895:Der Hund von Baskerville
394:who joined in 1909 from
357:Große Frankfurter Straße
161:featuring German Kaiser
112:in the years before the
1693:Film people from Berlin
1648:. Berghahn Books, 2007.
1642:Siegbert Salomon Prawer
781:The Sons of Count Dossy
1580:Hardt, Ursula (1996).
1445:
1212:"Rollkrug-Lichtspiele"
879:
839:Società Italiana Cines
613:, whose films include
455:
185:
151:
1688:German film producers
1373:Buffaloe, E. (2015).
453:
445:Continental-Kunstfilm
400:Walter Schmidthässler
379:Royal Court Orchestra
346:Lindenstraße (Berlin)
223:vertically integrated
198:Continental-Kunstfilm
183:
757:The Zaarden Brothers
639:Selected filmography
616:Christopher Columbus
229:for Bioscope films.
16:German film producer
1312:"Vitascope-Atelier"
1151:on 4 September 2014
243:Röntgen photography
221:This established a
1586:. Berghahn Books.
1518:. Berghahn Books.
1389:The Lohmann Affair
1058:"Bioscope-Atelier"
900:Weissensee Studios
632:I'm All Right Jack
465:Weissensee Studios
456:
426:showed at the new
327:Deutsche Vitascope
186:
44:Kingdom of Prussia
1561:"Jules Greenbaum"
1477:Nowell-Smith 1996
1463:Der Kinematograph
1436:by Germany after
1434:Versailles Treaty
1424:film, along with
1278:Der Kinematograph
1242:Der Kinematograph
1095:Der Kinematograph
954:, pp. 166–7.
913:The EOFFTV review
741:Lorenzo Burghardt
662:Where Is Coletti?
621:Albert Bassermann
540:Albert Bassermann
412:Albert Bassermann
251:Babelsberg Studio
210:Vitascope-Theater
200:would later film
184:123 Chauseestraße
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619:(1923) starring
477:Merger with PAGU
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269:Bioscope-Theater
203:In Nacht und Eis
196:building, where
152:Deutsche Bioskop
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36:15 January 1867
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809:
801:
793:
789:Dolls of Death
785:
777:
769:
765:Doctor Schotte
761:
753:
749:Father and Son
745:
737:
733:The Night Talk
729:
721:
706:
698:
690:
686:The Iron Cross
682:
674:
670:Detektiv Braun
666:
658:
654:The Blue Mouse
650:
640:
637:
607:Mutz Greenbaum
599:Richard Oswald
560:
557:
521:
520:Greenbaum-Film
518:
498:Richard Oswald
478:
475:
463:Main article:
423:The Blue Mouse
328:
325:
313:, in Britain.
294:
291:
270:
267:
239:Frankfurt/Main
234:
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211:
208:
190:Chausseestraße
177:
174:
131:
128:
97:
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94:Mutz Greenbaum
91:
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1643:
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1636:
1634:0-19-874242-8
1630:
1625:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1613:"Back Matter"
1607:
1606:
1599:
1595:
1593:9781571819307
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1525:9780857455659
1521:
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1479:, p. 92.
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1354:
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1346:
1345:"May-Atelier"
1340:
1338:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1297:
1291:
1283:
1280:(in German).
1279:
1275:
1269:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1247:
1244:(in German).
1243:
1239:
1232:
1217:
1216:Allekinos.com
1213:
1207:
1205:
1189:
1181:
1175:, p. 37.
1174:
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1150:
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1125:
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1110:, p. 41.
1109:
1104:
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1046:
1045:Hampicke 2015
1040:
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1028:Hampicke 2015
1024:
1017:
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1001:Hampicke 2015
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905:
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892:They made eg
889:
881:
876:
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864:
857:
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845:in 1912–1913.
844:
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694:Laugh Bajazzo
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678:Ivan Koschula
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110:German cinema
107:
106:film producer
103:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
70:Film producer
68:
64:
60:
59:German Empire
53:
49:
45:
41:
31:
27:
20:
1645:
1622:
1604:
1582:
1569:. Retrieved
1564:
1541:
1533:
1514:
1494:
1472:
1462:
1457:
1404:
1393:
1388:
1386:CIA Report:
1382:
1369:
1357:. Retrieved
1348:
1324:. Retrieved
1315:
1290:
1281:
1277:
1268:
1245:
1241:
1231:
1219:. Retrieved
1215:
1191:. Retrieved
1180:
1153:. Retrieved
1149:the original
1140:
1137:"Babelsberg"
1131:
1126:(in German).
1121:
1115:
1103:
1094:
1082:
1070:. Retrieved
1061:
1052:
1039:
1031:
1023:
929:
928:
916:. Retrieved
912:
893:
888:
874:
868:
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626:Thunder Rock
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548:Stuart Webbs
537:
531:
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510:Pathé Frères
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392:Viggo Larsen
385:
383:
368:
365:Henny Porten
361:Franz Porten
343:
339:
338:
330:
315:Carl Laemmle
307:Carl Laemmle
299:Synchroscope
296:
287:Hermannplatz
272:
259:Erich Pommer
255:blockbusters
248:
236:
227:distribution
220:
213:
201:
187:
167:
158:
156:
133:
121:
101:
100:
1683:1924 deaths
1678:1867 births
1438:World War I
1221:10 December
1193:12 November
1122:Schleussner
1108:Müller 1994
906:. See also
713: [
629:(1942) and
603:Maria Orska
349: [
279: [
118:sound films
1672:Categories
1430:Phoebus AG
1410:sound film
1263:Eyman p.29
1173:Hardt 1996
856:Decla Film
821:References
605:. His son
581:Decla Film
525:Weissensee
428:Marmorhaus
414:, notably
334:vaudeville
303:phonograph
263:Decla-Film
194:Jugendstil
163:Wilhelm II
66:Occupation
1426:guncotton
1422:celluloid
1412:company,
930:Citations
773:The Voice
646:The Other
576:partner.
471:Weißensee
417:The Other
377:with the
373:Act I by
206:in 1912.
1571:31 March
1418:nitrates
1248:(142): .
918:10 April
880:Kaufmann
702:The Vice
635:(1959).
595:Max Mack
430:cinema.
404:Max Mack
276:Rollkrug
90:Children
57:Berlin,
1487:Sources
1359:31 July
1326:31 July
1155:31 July
1072:31 July
553:Joe May
544:Joe May
396:Nordisk
216:cinemas
144:textile
138:in the
136:Chicago
1631:
1590:
1548:
1522:
1501:
1442:German
1032:passim
816:(1921)
808:(1921)
800:(1921)
792:(1920)
784:(1920)
776:(1920)
768:(1918)
760:(1918)
752:(1918)
744:(1918)
736:(1917)
728:(1916)
705:(1915)
697:(1915)
689:(1914)
681:(1914)
673:(1914)
665:(1913)
657:(1913)
649:(1913)
370:Mignon
148:German
40:Berlin
1091:(PDF)
826:Notes
717:]
504:Pathé
353:]
320:reels
283:]
1663:IMDb
1629:ISBN
1588:ISBN
1573:2015
1546:ISBN
1520:ISBN
1499:ISBN
1361:2015
1328:2015
1223:2022
1195:2016
1157:2015
1074:2015
920:2024
601:and
588:Mutz
483:PAGU
84:1921
80:1899
51:Died
29:Born
1661:at
1282:III
1246:III
565:Ufa
546:'s
261:'s
1674::
1644::
1563:.
1444::
1347:.
1336:^
1314:.
1303:^
1276:.
1254:^
1240:.
1214:.
1203:^
1165:^
1139:.
1093:.
1060:.
1047:).
1030:,
1008:^
959:^
938:^
911:.
715:it
623:,
597:,
447:.
420:.
351:de
281:de
150::
42:,
1637:.
1596:.
1575:.
1554:.
1528:.
1507:.
1467:.
1452:.
1363:.
1330:.
1298:.
1225:.
1197:.
1159:.
1076:.
1034:.
1003:.
922:.
871:)
82:–
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
