33:
254:) to AleÅ” (Aleksander) Stefan (1805-1872) and Marija Startinik (1815-1863). His parents, both ethnic Slovenes, did not marry until Josef was eleven. The Stefans were of modest means; his father was a milling assistant and his mother served as a maidservant. Josef was their only child.
413:. As both incident radiation and blackbody emission are always equal, this equation applies equally to the temperature of any ideal body subject to incident radiation across its surface. In 1884, the law was extended to apply to grey-body emissions by Stefan's student
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on him. Because of his early work in calculating evaporation and diffusion rates, flow from a droplet or particle that is induced by evaporation or
770:
292:
425:
with light as a working matter. This law is the only physical law of nature named after a
Slovene physicist. Today, the law is derived from
330:
Stefan published nearly 80 scientific articles, mostly in the
Bulletins of the Vienna Academy of Sciences. He is best known for originating
1213:
1173:
907:
840:
525:, which he calculated to be 5,430 Ā°C (9,810 Ā°F). This was the first sensible value for the temperature of the Sun.
310:
Stefan taught physics at the
University of Vienna, was Director of the Physical Institute from 1866, Vice-President of the
1203:
1178:
918:
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1208:
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with a quadratic cross-section, and he corrected
Maxwell's miscalculation. He also researched a phenomenon called the
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752:
618:
257:
Stefan attended elementary school in
Klagenfurt, where he showed talent, and was recommended for enrollment at the
557:
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108:
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924:
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182:
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104:
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511:{\displaystyle j^{\star }=\int _{0}^{\infty }\left({dj^{\star } \over d\lambda }\right)d\lambda }
280:
887:
820:
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200:
1121:
792:
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in 1858. During his student years, he also wrote and published a number of poems in
Slovene.
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1158:
662:
626:
603:
529:
304:
300:
116:
94:
279:
After having graduated top of his class in high school, he briefly considered joining the
8:
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898:
667:
613:
or Stefan's tasks with movable boundary are well known. The problem was first studied by
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406:
269:
196:
120:
1117:
1111:
1032:
1007:
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273:
226:
987:
963:
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836:
785:"Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien in WikiSource"
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572:
726:
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1042:
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997:
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414:
283:, but his great interest in physics prevailed. He left for Vienna in 1853 to study
216:
192:
827:. Systems & Control: Foundations & Applications. Springer. pp. 1ā13.
621:
in 1831. Stefan solved the problem when he was calculating how quickly a layer of
318:, Austria-Hungary. His life and work were extensively documented by the physicist
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83:
61:
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of heat. Stefan was among the first physicists in Europe who fully understood
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Several concepts in physics and mathematics are named after Joseph Stefan:
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561:
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701:'s premier scientific establishment, is also named after him, and also:
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587:
346:
295:, who wrote the first Slovene physics textbook. Stefan then earned his
251:
57:
314:, and member of several scientific institutions in Europe. He died in
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and one of the few outside
England who expanded on it. He calculated
537:
342:
338:
229:
164:
698:
591:
405:
He derived this law from the measurements of the French physicists
288:
16:
Carinthian
Slovene physicist, mathematician and poet (1835ā1893)
549:
315:
79:
32:
545:
893:, Volume 31, Issue 7, July 2007, 795ā803, by John C. Crepeau
888:"Josef Stefan: His life and legacy in the thermal sciences,"
818:
622:
521:
With his law, Stefan determined the temperature of the
244:
Stefan was born in the village of St. Peter (Slovene:
956:
Scientists whose names are used in physical constants
438:
365:
1135:
List of scientists whose names are used as SI units
825:
Materials Phase Change PDE Control & Estimation
727:"Josef Stefan | Biography & Facts | Britannica"
750:
510:
394:
896:
272:, which inspired him to show sympathy toward the
1150:
291:. His professor of physics in the gymnasium was
528:Stefan provided the first measurements of the
940:
245:
769:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
349:is proportional to the fourth power of its
1224:Rectors of universities in Austria-Hungary
947:
933:
268:in 1845. At thirteen, he experienced the
552:, the University of Vienna bestowed the
225:; 24 March 1835 ā 7 January 1893) was a
908:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
395:{\displaystyle j^{\star }=\sigma T^{4}}
1151:
891:Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science
928:
819:Shumon Koga, Miroslav Krstic (2020).
821:"Phase Change Model: Stefan Problem"
1214:Mathematicians from Austria-Hungary
13:
919:Extended biography of Josef Stefan
632:
462:
14:
1235:
978:Newtonian constant of gravitation
881:
560:at the surface is now called the
232:, mathematician, and poet of the
757:lexicon of slovenian biographies
239:
31:
1174:Physicists from Austria-Hungary
602:is greater on the surface of a
812:
777:
744:
719:
1:
712:
567:Very important are also his
7:
833:10.1007/978-3-030-58490-0_1
575:notation, and works in the
536:, and among others studied
10:
1240:
1204:Scientists from Klagenfurt
1179:Poets from Austria-Hungary
312:Vienna Academy of Sciences
270:revolutionary year of 1848
1219:19th-century male writers
1209:Slovene Austro-Hungarians
1131:
1037:StefanāBoltzmann constant
1023:StefanāBoltzmann constant
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647:StefanāBoltzmann constant
429:of black-body radiation:
351:thermodynamic temperature
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188:
183:Andreas von Ettingshausen
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170:
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153:
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109:StefanāBoltzmann constant
100:
90:
68:
39:
30:
23:
913:University of St Andrews
688:MaxwellāStefan diffusion
133:MaxwellāStefan diffusion
751:Äermelj, L., UrÅ”iÄ, M.
598:, where high-frequency
341:stating that the total
325:
276:and national movement.
1004:Johann Josef Loschmidt
800:Cite journal requires
695:Jožef Stefan Institute
606:than in its interior.
584:electromagnetic theory
571:equations, defined in
548:. For his treatise on
512:
421:. Boltzmann treated a
417:and hence is known as
396:
250:) on the outskirts of
246:
220:
201:Johann Josef Loschmidt
1122:von Klitzing constant
787:. e.g. Bd. 027, 1857.
513:
397:
1189:Slovenian male poets
1169:Slovenian physicists
921:, by John C. Crepeau
899:Robertson, Edmund F.
642:StefanāBoltzmann law
609:In mathematics, the
530:thermal conductivity
436:
419:StefanāBoltzmann law
363:
305:University of Vienna
301:mathematical physics
174:University of Vienna
105:StefanāBoltzmann law
95:University of Vienna
1194:Carinthian Slovenes
1014:Johann Jakob Balmer
897:O'Connor, John J.;
466:
197:Marian Smoluchowski
1118:Klaus von Klitzing
1112:Josephson constant
1033:Boltzmann constant
1008:Loschmidt constant
731:www.britannica.com
532:of gases, treated
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452:
392:
227:Carinthian Slovene
1199:Fluid dynamicists
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988:Avogadro constant
842:978-3-030-58490-0
663:Stefan's equation
627:Stefan's equation
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281:Benedictine Order
259:Klagenfurt Lyceum
210:
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189:Doctoral students
179:Academic advisors
155:Scientific career
117:Stefan's equation
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1047:Rydberg constant
1043:Johannes Rydberg
1029:Ludwig Boltzmann
998:Faraday constant
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668:Stefan's formula
625:on water grows (
600:electric current
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274:Slovene literary
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193:Ludwig Boltzmann
121:Stefan's formula
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1108:Brian Josephson
1103:Douglas Hartree
1092:Hubble constant
1062:Planck constant
994:Michael Faraday
984:Amedeo Avogadro
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633:Eponymous terms
611:Stefan problems
569:electromagnetic
542:heat conduction
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84:Austria-Hungary
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62:Austrian Empire
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903:"Josef Stefan"
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882:External links
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867:|website=
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802:|journal=
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753:"Jožef Stefan"
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101:Known for
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76:(aged 57)
72:7 January 1893
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523:Sun's surface
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240:Life and work
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129:Stefan number
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81:
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63:
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50:24 March 1835
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1139:non SI units
1133:
1098:Hugo Tetrode
1088:Edwin Hubble
1068:Wilhelm Wien
1019:Josef Stefan
1018:
974:Isaac Newton
906:
890:
824:
814:
793:cite journal
779:
756:
746:
734:. Retrieved
730:
721:
692:
636:
608:
566:
554:Lieben Prize
527:
520:
427:Planck's law
404:
353:
332:Stefan's law
329:
320:Janez Strnad
309:
297:habilitation
293:Karel Robida
278:
256:
243:
222:Jožef Štefan
221:
213:Josef Stefan
212:
211:
171:Institutions
154:
147:Lieben Prize
137:Squeeze flow
74:(1893-01-07)
25:Josef Stefan
18:
1164:1893 deaths
1159:1835 births
1082:Bohr radius
1073:Otto Sackur
736:11 December
708:on the Moon
683:Stefan tube
673:Stefan flow
596:skin effect
588:inductivity
562:Stefan flow
558:sublimation
534:evaporation
423:heat engine
334:in 1879, a
285:mathematics
262: [
247:Sveti Peter
125:Stefan flow
1153:Categories
1078:Niels Bohr
1058:Max Planck
713:References
347:black body
252:Klagenfurt
58:Klagenfurt
56:(today in
46:1835-03-24
966:constants
964:Physical
869:ignored (
859:cite book
851:229250452
619:Clapeyron
604:conductor
581:Maxwell's
538:diffusion
506:λ
493:λ
483:⋆
463:∞
454:∫
445:⋆
380:σ
372:⋆
343:radiation
339:power law
230:physicist
165:Physicist
54:St. Peter
765:cite web
699:Slovenia
336:physical
345:from a
303:at the
289:physics
217:Slovene
849:
839:
573:vector
550:optics
546:fluids
407:Dulong
316:Vienna
161:Fields
149:(1865)
143:Awards
80:Vienna
847:S2CID
590:of a
411:Petit
266:]
1137:and
871:help
837:ISBN
806:help
771:link
738:2021
693:The
617:and
615:LamƩ
592:coil
409:and
326:Work
287:and
69:Died
40:Born
829:doi
629:).
623:ice
544:in
299:in
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1035:,
911:,
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740:.
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490:d
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475:d
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368:j
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
