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911:(NSERC) created the John C. Polanyi award to recognize a researcher or researchers whose work in an NSERC-supported field has led to an outstanding advance in the field. The research must have been conducted in Canada, and have been at least partially supported by NSERC funding. The award consists partially of a $ 250,000 grant for the winner. The inaugural winner of the John C. Polanyi Award was the
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652:, an organisation which campaigns for democratic reformation of the United Nations, and the creation of a more accountable international political system. Polanyi often accepts speaking engagements to discuss issues relating to social justice, peace and nuclear proliferation, despite his busy research schedule. He frequently comments on science and public policy issues via the
742:(STM). This research piqued Polanyi's interest while he was in Sweden for the ceremony. After returning to Toronto, Polanyi and his colleagues looked into the technique and now have four STMs, which they use to picture chemical reactions at the molecular level, rather than using infrared detection and chemiluminescence.
631:. This technology allowed Polanyi and his colleagues to monitor chemical reactions on a very small scale, rather than observing the energy being released using infrared technology. His lab at the University of Toronto currently has 4 scanning tunneling microscopes, valued at approximately $ 750,000 each.
634:
In addition to his scientific pursuits, Polanyi has also always been keenly aware of the world at large. As a student, he edited a newspaper and displayed an interest in politics. Although his father was a scientist, he did not demonstrate an immediate affinity for chemistry. Beginning in the 1950s,
930:
Polanyi started publishing his scientific research in 1953. As of 2010, he has published over 250 scientific papers. His writing is not limited to his scientific interests, as he has published over 100 articles on policy, the impact of science on society and armament control. In 1970, he produced a
714:
Polanyi had mixed feelings about the impact of the Nobel Prize on his research, feeling that his name on research proposals and papers often brought additional scrutiny, and also had people questioning his dedication to science after the honour. Polanyi said, "There is a very reasonable suspicion
997:
In 1958, Polanyi married Anne Ferrar
Davidson (1929–2013). He has two children – a daughter, Margaret, born in 1961 and a son, Michael, born in 1963. His daughter is a journalist, and his son is a political scientist who started his career as a physicist. Polanyi is currently married to portrait
891:
In honour of
Polanyi's Nobel Prize win, the Ontario government established the "John Charles Polanyi Prizes". These prizes are each worth $ 20,000, and are awarded to young researchers in the province in a postdoctoral fellowship or who have recently started a faculty appointment at an Ontario
882:
Polanyi was awarded the 2022 Andrei
Sakharov Prize. The award cites Polanyi's seven decades of activism for a nuclear-weapons-free world, for upholding human rights and freedom of speech globally, for public education on the essential role of science in society, and for a visionary approach to
524:
as a lecturer in 1956. He moved up the ranks quickly at the university, being promoted to assistant professor in 1957, associate professor in 1960 and becoming a full professor in 1962. In 1975, he was named
University Professor, an honorary title he has retained since.
711:. This technique was used to measure weak infrared emissions from a newly formed molecule in order to examine energy disposal during a chemical reaction. Polanyi's Nobel lecture upon receipt of the award was entitled "Some Concepts in Reaction Dynamics."
647:
in 1995. Their goal is to reduce armed conflict and seek solutions to global problems. He has also been a supporter of "pure" science, and a critic of government policies that do not support such research. He is also a supporter of the
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for its predictive powers, coming to the conclusion that the theory was flawed, largely due to a lack of knowledge about the forces at play in the transition state. Near the end of his stay at NRC, Polanyi worked in
1002:. Outside his scientific and policy endeavours, Polanyi's interests include art, literature and poetry. He was an avid white water canoeist in his younger days, but has replaced that with walking and skiing.
537:
using thermal dissociation, building on
Warhurst's graduate studies using a sodium flame apparatus to determine the likelihood that a collision between a sodium atom and another molecule would lead to a
615:, building devices from single atoms and molecules. Polanyi's work still focuses on the basic workings of chemical reactions, but since his Nobel Prize win in 1986, his methods have changed. While in
590:, his first graduate students were looking for enhanced reaction rates with vibrationally excited hydrogen, as well as looking for the presence of vibrationally excited hydrogen chloride during the
707:. The trio were honoured for "their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes." Polanyi's contributions were centred around the work he did developing the technique of
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in 1952. Although his university education was focused in science, he was not convinced it was his calling after finishing high school, when he briefly considered a career as a poet. His father,
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Hall, Joseph (21 November 2009). "Not resting on his (Nobel) laurels "; 'I still dream science,' says 1986 chemistry Prize winner John
Polanyi who's now tackling nanotechnology".
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and his colleagues, Michael
Boudart and David Garvin. He was influenced by studies conducted at Princeton looking at the vibrationally excited reaction products between atomic
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reaction of molecular chlorine with atomic hydrogen. Graduate student
Kenneth Cashion was working with Polanyi when they made their first discoveries about
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418:. Outside his scientific pursuits, Polanyi is active in public policy discussion, especially concerning science and nuclear weapons. His father, Mihály (
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982:. His brother George was noted for his defence of market capitalism. His paternal grandfather, Mihaly Pollacsek, built railways. Mihaly Pollacsek
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Harikumar, K. R.; Leung, L.; McNab, I. R.; Polanyi, J. C.; Lin, H.; Hofer, W. A. (2009). "Cooperative molecular dynamics in surface reactions".
4273:
488:, was a professor in the chemistry department during his first year of university, before transferring to a newly created position in the
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newspaper. He currently serves on the
National Advisory Board of the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, the research arm of
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group in 1960, and served as the chairman for the group from its inception until 1978. Pugwash is a global movement that received the
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765:. In 1979, he was promoted to Companion. He has received many other awards throughout his career, including the Marlow Medal of the
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542:. For the majority of his career, Polanyi's research has focused on chemical dynamics, attempting to determine the mechanics of a
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that you are so busy doing the things that Nobel Prize winners do that you are actually only giving half your mind to science."
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496:, a former student of his father's. After completing his PhD studies, Polanyi did postdoctoral research at the
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In addition to the Nobel Prize, Polanyi has received numerous other awards, including 33 honorary degrees, the
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for
Natural Sciences in 1965 (shared), the Noranda Award of the Chemical Institute of Canada in 1967, the
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Polanyi's father Michael was born Jewish and converted to Catholicism. Polanyi's family moved from
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university. The prizes are awarded in similar categories to the Nobel Prizes, broadly defined as:
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the family's name to Polanyi, but did not change his own name. The Polanyi's were non-observant
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to examine vibrational and rotational excitation in iodine molecules. During Polanyi's time at
468:, Polanyi's father sent him to Canada for three years when he was 11, so he would be safe from
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476:. After returning to Britain, Polanyi finished high school and attended university at
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for the award ceremony, he encountered the three scientists who were awarded the 1986
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Polanyi's PhD studies at Manchester University focused on measuring the strengths of
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to coincide with a move to a new location. The new school opened in September 2011.
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Andersson, Erin; McIlroy, Anne (2 May 2009). "Is Canada losing the lab-rat race?".
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1413:"John Polanyi CI to provide exciting opportunities for Lawrence Heights students"
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His Nobel victory also signaled a change in his research direction. The 1986
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Polanyi was born into the prominent Hungarian Polányi (Pollacsek) family in
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Polanyi has received many honorary degrees from 25 institutions, including
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879:. In 1992, Polanyi was appointed to the Queen's Privy Council of Canada.
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Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly
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Polanyi, John (31 January 2010). "The solemn quest for 'global zero'".
901:
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426:) was a renowned political economist, best known for his seminal work,
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1601:"2007 Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering"
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first class postage stamp on 3 October 2011, issued to salute the
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Polanyi became involved in public affairs, especially concerning
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department. Polanyi's supervisor during his graduate studies was
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Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering
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Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering
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480:, where he received his undergraduate degree in 1949 and his
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Knepper, P. (2005). "Michael Polanyi and Jewish Identity".
457:
422:), was a noted chemist and philosopher. His uncle, Károly (
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749:(University of Toronto) where he is also a Senior Fellow.
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Polanyi, John (7 December 2010). "Freedom, indivisible".
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In 2009, Polanyi and his colleagues published a paper in
598:, the light emitted by an atom molecule when it is in an
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Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
508:. From 1954 until 1956, he was a research associate at
453:
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Foreign fellows of the Indian National Science Academy
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Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
801:
in 1989, and the John C. Polanyi Lecture Award of the
1704:. Ontario Council of Graduate Studies. Archived from
1253:"John C. Polanyi Official Website, Killiam Biography"
1463:Polanyi, John (14 April 2010). "Nuclear Security".
4284:Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1543:"Press Release: The 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry"
456:in 1933, partly as a result of the persecution of
403:. Polanyi's first academic appointment was at the
364:; born 23 January 1929) is a German-born Canadian
1782:Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
1757:Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
1732:Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
1728:"NSERC – John C. Polanyi Award – About the Award"
1605:Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
909:Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
4200:
1211:
546:, and the properties of chemical species in the
4299:Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
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761:. In 1974, Polanyi was made an Officer of the
4294:Members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
4008:
3747:
2347:
1926:
1904:including the Nobel Lecture, 8 December 1986
1745:
1694:
1519:Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation
978:was an economist, noted for his criticism of
4219:People educated at Manchester Grammar School
1720:
1382:
1380:
4344:Canadian people of Hungarian-Jewish descent
4309:Academic staff of the University of Toronto
1185:
1045:"Fellowship of the Royal Society 1660–2015"
970:, Germany. His father was born in 1891, in
883:bringing about a hopeful, peaceful future.
504:from 1952 until 1954, where he worked with
472:. While living in Toronto, he attended the
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805:in 1992. In 2007, Polanyi was awarded the
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759:Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1971
602:. This work was first published in 1958.
4379:Fellows of the American Physical Society
4339:Canadian people of German-Jewish descent
1593:
1443:Campaign for a UN Parliamentary Assembly
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320:
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1626:"Faraday Lectureship Prize Winner 2010"
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1255:. University of Toronto. Archived from
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1079:
904:or Medicine, Economics and Literature.
745:Polanyi's Nobel medal is on display at
179: 1958; died 2013)
14:
4269:Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
4224:Alumni of the University of Manchester
4201:
1677:"2022 Andrei Sakharov Prize Recipient"
1402:
1247:
1245:
1135:
1095:
966:and Magda Elizabeth Kemény Polanyi in
915:. In 2011, the award was presented to
623:, who were honoured for their work in
4274:Canadian fellows of the Royal Society
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1914:
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1067:"Polanyi Biography at Nobel e-Museum"
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850:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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1565:"Some Concepts in Reaction Dynamics"
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990:, although Michael Polanyi became a
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407:, and he remains there as of 2019.
1205:
24:
1906:Some Concepts in Reaction Dynamics
1753:"2006 NSERC John C. Polanyi Award"
1222:
1034:
791:Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Prize
25:
4390:
4349:Sandford Fleming Award recipients
4324:Companions of the Order of Canada
4314:Wolf Prize in Chemistry laureates
1877:
1833:"In Memory of Anne (Sue) Polanyi"
1653:. 4 December 2017. Archived from
1388:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986"
1109:Philosophy of the Social Sciences
952:John Polanyi Collegiate Institute
935:, and he co-edited a book called
854:U.S. National Academy of Sciences
515:
326:John Polanyi Collegiate Institute
4369:21st-century Canadian scientists
4364:20th-century Canadian scientists
4031:
2584:
1883:
957:
860:, and an Honorary Fellow of the
769:in 1962, Centenary Medal of the
4304:Members of the Order of Ontario
1825:
1669:
1643:
1582:
1507:
1431:
877:International Year of Chemistry
836:in 1992. He is a fellow of the
813:honoured Polanyi as their 2010
176:
1073:
1059:
1022:List of Jewish Nobel laureates
864:of the United Kingdom and the
858:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
803:Canadian Society for Chemistry
740:scanning tunnelling microscopy
678:
443:
13:
1:
1778:"NSERC John C. Polanyi Award"
1702:"John Charles Polanyi Awards"
1417:Toronto District School Board
1191:"John C. Polanyi – Biography"
1027:
944:Toronto District School Board
933:Concepts in Reaction Dynamics
683:Polanyi was awarded the 1986
629:scanning tunneling microscopy
506:Edgar William Richard Steacie
474:University of Toronto Schools
4254:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
962:Polanyi was born in 1929 to
948:Sir Sandford Fleming Academy
946:voted to change the name of
913:Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
866:Chemical Institute of Canada
520:John Polanyi started at the
44:when mentioning individuals.
27:Canadian chemist (born 1929)
7:
1089:Fizikai Szemle 1997/3. szám
1005:
691:. He shared the prize with
668:Council for a Livable World
10:
4395:
4354:Jewish Canadian scientists
4329:German emigrants to Canada
4234:Canadian physical chemists
1630:Royal Society of Chemistry
937:The Dangers of Nuclear War
871:Polanyi was pictured on a
862:Royal Society of Chemistry
846:Royal Society of Edinburgh
811:Royal Society of Chemistry
709:infrared chemiluminescence
586:When Polanyi moved to the
368:. He was awarded the 1986
31:
4249:Hungarian Nobel laureates
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1972:
1949:
1859:"Brenda Bury's biography"
1681:American Physical Society
1290:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1017:The Martians (scientists)
886:
815:Faraday Lectureship Prize
779:Henry Marshall Tory Medal
554:(NRC), Polanyi evaluated
552:National Research Council
498:National Research Council
393:National Research Council
301:
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271:Faraday Lectureship Prize
253:Henry Marshall Tory Medal
239:
204:
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128:
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4259:German physical chemists
4239:Canadian Nobel laureates
3508:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
2787:Wendell Meredith Stanley
2367:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1589:Order of Canada citation
1121:10.1177/0048393105277986
771:British Chemical Society
705:University of California
685:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
429:The Great Transformation
385:University of Manchester
370:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
259:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
141:University of Manchester
40:. This article uses
32:The native form of this
4359:Scientists from Toronto
2213:Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
1943:Wolf Prize in Chemistry
1286:"Polanyi, John Charles"
1085:"A MARSLAKOK LEGENDAJA"
842:Royal Society of London
838:Royal Society of Canada
787:Wolf Prize in Chemistry
783:Royal Society of Canada
556:transition state theory
412:Wolf Prize in Chemistry
4244:German Nobel laureates
4142:Physiology or Medicine
4026:or Hungarian-American
3926:Nobel Prize recipients
3878:Physiology or Medicine
3672:Emmanuelle Charpentier
3660:M. Stanley Whittingham
2631:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
1888:Quotations related to
1651:"Privy Council Office"
1570:. The Nobel Foundation
1545:. The Nobel Foundation
1390:. The Nobel Foundation
1193:. The Nobel Foundation
1150:. GCS Research Society
1148:"John Charles Polanyi"
848:, and a member of the
789:in 1982 (shared), the
720:Nobel Prize in Physics
639:. He founded Canada's
621:Nobel Prize in Physics
361:
329:
3894:(United States/Italy)
3042:Christian B. Anfinsen
2682:Frédéric Joliot-Curie
2109:Samuel J. Danishefsky
1807:University of Toronto
654:Letters to the Editor
588:University of Toronto
571:, he worked with Sir
522:University of Toronto
405:University of Toronto
389:postdoctoral research
324:
292:University of Toronto
4156:Szent-Györgyi Albert
3892:Rita Levi-Montalcini
3781:Dudley R. Herschbach
3704:Karl Barry Sharpless
3201:Dudley R. Herschbach
3026:Luis Federico Leloir
2046:Raphael David Levine
1992:John Charles Polanyi
736:electron microscopes
569:Princeton University
510:Princeton University
397:Princeton University
372:for his research in
362:Polányi János Károly
333:John Charles Polanyi
101:John Charles Polanyi
38:Polányi János Károly
4374:Chemical physicists
4319:Royal Medal winners
3696:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
3608:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
3345:Jens Christian Skou
3313:F. Sherwood Rowland
3225:Charles J. Pedersen
3189:Herbert A. Hauptman
2882:Vincent du Vigneaud
2499:Richard Willstätter
2383:Jacobus van 't Hoff
2306:Benjamin F. Cravatt
2302:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
2267:Stephen L. Buchwald
2006:Harden M. McConnell
2002:Herbert S. Gutowsky
1657:on 15 February 2016
1329:2009NatCh...1..716H
1055:on 15 October 2015.
224:Kari Polanyi Levitt
3656:John B. Goodenough
3584:William E. Moerner
3464:Richard R. Schrock
3436:Roderick MacKinnon
3408:K. Barry Sharpless
3233:Johann Deisenhofer
3062:Geoffrey Wilkinson
3058:Ernst Otto Fischer
2982:Robert S. Mulliken
2918:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂ˝
2866:Hermann Staudinger
2686:Irène Joliot-Curie
2288:Leslie Leiserowitz
2184:William E. Moerner
2156:K. Barry Sharpless
2026:Albert Eschenmoser
1996:George C. Pimentel
1898:on Nobelprize.org
1500:The Globe and Mail
1483:The Globe and Mail
1466:The Globe and Mail
1419:. 17 December 2010
1215:The Globe and Mail
826:Harvard University
734:for their work in
697:Harvard University
674:Awards and honours
663:The Globe and Mail
529:Research interests
330:
42:Western name order
4196:
4195:
4179:Economic Sciences
4051:Zsigmondy Richárd
3990:
3989:
3911:James M. Buchanan
3903:Economic Sciences
3729:
3728:
3712:Moungi G. Bawendi
3632:Richard Henderson
3476:Roger D. Kornberg
3444:Aaron Ciechanover
3277:Rudolph A. Marcus
3181:Robert Merrifield
3117:Peter D. Mitchell
2890:Cyril Hinshelwood
2651:Friedrich Bergius
2575:Richard Zsigmondy
2491:Theodore Richards
2439:Ernest Rutherford
2329:
2328:
2298:Bonnie L. Bassler
2251:Robert G. Bergman
2223:Charles M. Lieber
2119:Gabor A. Somorjai
2056:Alan R. Battersby
2032:David C. Phillips
2022:Elias James Corey
2016:Rudolph A. Marcus
1941:Laureates of the
1839:on 2 January 2014
1708:on 6 January 2011
1337:10.1038/nchem.440
1296:on 3 January 2006
980:market capitalism
925:McGill University
917:Victoria M. Kaspi
757:He was elected a
753:Additional awards
693:Dudley Herschbach
689:chemical kinetics
645:Nobel Peace Prize
596:chemiluminescence
544:chemical reaction
540:chemical reaction
436:, he was one of "
374:chemical kinetics
319:
318:
282:Scientific career
155:Reaction dynamics
151:Chemical kinetics
16:(Redirected from
4386:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3994:
3993:
3928:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3722:
3720:Alexei I. Ekimov
3706:
3700:Morten P. Meldal
3690:
3678:
3666:
3650:
3634:
3624:Jacques Dubochet
3618:
3602:
3586:
3570:
3554:
3548:Robert Lefkowitz
3542:
3534:
3518:
3512:Thomas A. Steitz
3502:
3486:
3478:
3470:
3460:Robert H. Grubbs
3454:
3438:
3426:
3410:
3383:
3381:Hideki Shirakawa
3367:
3359:
3347:
3331:
3315:
3299:
3291:
3279:
3271:
3269:Richard R. Ernst
3263:
3255:
3243:
3227:
3211:
3195:
3183:
3175:
3167:
3159:
3147:
3145:Frederick Sanger
3131:
3125:Herbert C. Brown
3119:
3111:
3103:
3101:William Lipscomb
3084:
3072:
3064:
3052:
3036:
3034:Gerhard Herzberg
3028:
3020:
3008:
3000:
2984:
2976:
2968:
2960:
2948:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2912:
2910:Frederick Sanger
2904:
2896:
2894:Nikolay Semyonov
2884:
2876:
2868:
2860:
2848:
2846:Glenn T. Seaborg
2825:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2789:
2773:
2771:Artturi Virtanen
2765:
2757:
2755:George de Hevesy
2749:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2728:
2716:
2708:
2696:
2688:
2676:
2668:
2667:
2661:
2653:
2641:
2633:
2621:
2613:
2611:Heinrich Wieland
2605:
2603:Theodor Svedberg
2588:
2587:
2577:
2569:
2568:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2529:
2523:
2515:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2501:
2493:
2485:
2477:
2465:
2457:
2449:
2441:
2433:
2425:
2417:
2415:Adolf von Baeyer
2409:
2401:
2399:Svante Arrhenius
2393:
2385:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2333:
2332:
2320:Jeffery W. Kelly
2245:Stuart Schreiber
2229:Robert S. Langer
2142:F. Albert Cotton
2073:Richard R. Ernst
1935:
1928:
1921:
1912:
1911:
1903:
1887:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1835:. Archived from
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1809:. Archived from
1799:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1597:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1569:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1539:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1364:
1349:
1348:
1317:Nature Chemistry
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1292:. Archived from
1282:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1259:on 17 March 2012
1249:
1220:
1219:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1187:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1144:
1133:
1132:
1104:
1093:
1092:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1051:. Archived from
1041:
687:for his work in
608:Nature Chemistry
561:Gerhard Herzberg
548:transition state
355:
315:
312:
310:
308:
180:
178:
114:
110:
108:
89:
79:
47:
46:
21:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4264:Jewish chemists
4199:
4198:
4197:
4192:
4173:
4136:
4099:
4080:
4037:
4032:
4030:
4028:Nobel Laureates
4021:
3991:
3986:
3924:
3916:
3913:(United States)
3897:
3888:(United States)
3872:
3867:Heinrich Rohrer
3841:
3838:(United States)
3822:
3798:
3789:(United States)
3783:(United States)
3767:
3760:
3730:
3725:
3709:
3693:
3684:David MacMillan
3681:
3676:Jennifer Doudna
3669:
3653:
3637:
3621:
3612:Fraser Stoddart
3605:
3596:Paul L. Modrich
3589:
3573:
3557:
3545:
3537:
3532:Ei-ichi Negishi
3524:Richard F. Heck
3521:
3505:
3492:Osamu Shimomura
3489:
3481:
3473:
3457:
3441:
3429:
3413:
3400:William Knowles
3397:
3386:
3377:Alan MacDiarmid
3370:
3362:
3350:
3334:
3329:Richard Smalley
3318:
3305:Paul J. Crutzen
3302:
3294:
3282:
3274:
3266:
3258:
3246:
3230:
3221:Jean-Marie Lehn
3214:
3198:
3186:
3178:
3170:
3162:
3150:
3134:
3122:
3114:
3106:
3098:
3087:
3082:Vladimir Prelog
3075:
3067:
3055:
3039:
3031:
3023:
3011:
3003:
2987:
2979:
2974:Robert Woodward
2971:
2966:Dorothy Hodgkin
2963:
2951:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2899:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2863:
2851:
2839:
2828:
2816:
2811:William Giauque
2808:
2800:
2795:Robert Robinson
2792:
2779:James B. Sumner
2776:
2768:
2760:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2726:Leopold RuĹľiÄŤka
2722:Adolf Butenandt
2719:
2711:
2699:
2691:
2679:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2659:Irving Langmuir
2656:
2644:
2636:
2624:
2616:
2608:
2600:
2589:
2585:
2580:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2557:
2549:
2544:Frederick Soddy
2541:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2496:
2488:
2480:
2471:Victor Grignard
2468:
2460:
2452:
2447:Wilhelm Ostwald
2444:
2436:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2380:
2369:
2360:
2330:
2325:
2276:
2271:John F. Hartwig
2219:Paul Alivisatos
2193:
2168:Richard N. Zare
2130:
2125:Raymond Lemieux
2077:Alexander Pines
2061:
1968:
1945:
1939:
1880:
1875:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1842:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1816:
1814:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1711:
1709:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1495:
1491:
1478:
1474:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1365:
1352:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1284:
1283:
1272:
1262:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1223:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1163:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1136:
1105:
1096:
1091:(in Hungarian).
1078:
1074:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1030:
1008:
960:
889:
767:Faraday Society
763:Order of Canada
755:
732:Heinrich Rohrer
722:was awarded to
681:
676:
637:nuclear weapons
625:electron optics
550:. While at the
531:
518:
494:Ernest Warhurst
486:Michael Polanyi
470:German bombings
446:
432:. According to
335:
305:
276:
235:
218:Ilona Duczynska
199:Michael Polanyi
182:
174:
170:
167:
153:
137:Alma mater
124:
115:
112:
111:23 January 1929
106:
104:
103:
102:
92:
91:Polanyi in 2019
80:
59:
57:
54:
45:
28:
23:
22:
18:John C. Polanyi
15:
12:
11:
5:
4392:
4382:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4229:Polányi family
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4187:Harsányi János
4183:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4168:KarikĂł Katalin
4165:
4159:
4153:
4146:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4109:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4090:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4047:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4020:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3997:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3889:
3882:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3864:
3858:
3851:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3832:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3813:
3811:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3790:
3784:
3777:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3759:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3736:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3707:
3691:
3679:
3667:
3651:
3644:Gregory Winter
3640:Frances Arnold
3635:
3619:
3603:
3587:
3571:
3564:Michael Levitt
3560:Martin Karplus
3555:
3543:
3535:
3519:
3503:
3500:Roger Y. Tsien
3496:Martin Chalfie
3487:
3479:
3471:
3455:
3439:
3427:
3411:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3373:Alan J. Heeger
3368:
3360:
3348:
3341:John E. Walker
3332:
3316:
3300:
3292:
3280:
3272:
3264:
3256:
3244:
3241:Hartmut Michel
3228:
3217:Donald J. Cram
3212:
3196:
3184:
3176:
3168:
3160:
3157:Roald Hoffmann
3148:
3141:Walter Gilbert
3132:
3120:
3112:
3109:Ilya Prigogine
3104:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3078:John Cornforth
3073:
3065:
3053:
3046:Stanford Moore
3037:
3029:
3021:
3009:
3001:
2994:Ronald Norrish
2985:
2977:
2969:
2961:
2949:
2937:
2929:
2921:
2913:
2905:
2902:Alexander Todd
2897:
2885:
2877:
2869:
2861:
2849:
2842:Edwin McMillan
2836:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2814:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2774:
2766:
2758:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2717:
2709:
2702:Norman Haworth
2697:
2689:
2677:
2669:
2662:
2654:
2642:
2634:
2622:
2614:
2606:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2570:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2539:
2536:Walther Nernst
2531:
2524:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2478:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2431:Eduard Buchner
2426:
2418:
2410:
2407:William Ramsay
2402:
2394:
2386:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2336:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2309:
2295:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2264:
2254:
2248:
2241:K. C. Nicolaou
2238:
2232:
2226:
2216:
2209:Ching Wan Tang
2205:Stuart A. Rice
2201:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2181:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2148:Henri B. Kagan
2145:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2122:
2112:
2102:
2095:Richard Lerner
2092:
2086:
2080:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2052:Duilio Arigoni
2049:
2042:Joshua Jortner
2039:
2029:
2019:
2013:
1999:
1989:
1983:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1960:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1893:
1879:
1878:External links
1876:
1873:
1872:
1850:
1824:
1813:on 14 May 2011
1803:"Publications"
1794:
1769:
1744:
1719:
1693:
1668:
1642:
1617:
1592:
1581:
1556:
1531:
1506:
1503:. p. A17.
1489:
1486:. p. A20.
1472:
1469:. p. A18.
1455:
1430:
1401:
1376:
1373:. p. GT1.
1350:
1323:(9): 716–721.
1307:
1270:
1221:
1204:
1161:
1134:
1115:(3): 263–293.
1094:
1072:
1058:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1012:Chemical laser
1007:
1004:
959:
956:
931:film entitled
921:astrophysicist
888:
885:
754:
751:
747:Massey College
680:
677:
675:
672:
613:nanotechnology
563:'s lab, using
535:chemical bonds
530:
527:
517:
516:Academic posts
514:
490:social studies
445:
442:
395:in Canada and
317:
316:
303:
299:
298:
295:
294:
289:
285:
284:
278:
277:
275:
274:
268:
262:
256:
250:
243:
241:
237:
236:
234:
233:
227:
221:
215:
208:
206:
202:
201:
196:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
172:
168:
165:
164:
162:
158:
157:
148:
147:Known for
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
130:
126:
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116:
100:
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94:
93:
90:
82:
81:
58:
55:
52:The Honourable
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4391:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
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4360:
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4280:
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4232:
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4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4214:Living people
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4162:Békésy György
4160:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4150:Bárány Róbert
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4132:
4131:Krausz Ferenc
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4076:
4075:HerskĂł Ferenc
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4063:Polányi János
4061:
4058:
4057:Hevesy György
4055:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4029:
4025:
4018:
4013:
4011:
4006:
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3999:
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3995:
3983:
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3922:
3919:
3912:
3909:
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3906:
3904:
3900:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3886:Stanley Cohen
3884:
3883:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3869:(Switzerland)
3868:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
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3734:
3721:
3717:
3716:Louis E. Brus
3713:
3708:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3692:
3689:
3688:Benjamin List
3685:
3680:
3677:
3673:
3668:
3665:
3664:Akira Yoshino
3661:
3657:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3636:
3633:
3629:
3628:Joachim Frank
3625:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3592:Tomas Lindahl
3588:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3572:
3569:
3568:Arieh Warshel
3565:
3561:
3556:
3553:
3552:Brian Kobilka
3549:
3544:
3541:
3540:Dan Shechtman
3536:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3517:
3516:Ada E. Yonath
3513:
3509:
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3497:
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3456:
3453:
3449:
3448:Avram Hershko
3445:
3440:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3425:
3424:Kurt WĂĽthrich
3421:
3420:Koichi Tanaka
3417:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3382:
3378:
3374:
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3354:
3349:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3337:Paul D. Boyer
3333:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3301:
3298:
3293:
3290:
3289:Michael Smith
3286:
3281:
3278:
3273:
3270:
3265:
3262:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3249:Sidney Altman
3245:
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3222:
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3206:
3202:
3197:
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3190:
3185:
3182:
3177:
3174:
3169:
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3161:
3158:
3154:
3153:Kenichi Fukui
3149:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3118:
3113:
3110:
3105:
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3094:
3090:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3071:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3051:
3050:William Stein
3047:
3043:
3038:
3035:
3030:
3027:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3007:
3002:
2999:
2998:George Porter
2995:
2991:
2990:Manfred Eigen
2986:
2983:
2978:
2975:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2938:
2935:
2934:Melvin Calvin
2930:
2927:
2926:Willard Libby
2922:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2906:
2903:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2883:
2878:
2875:
2874:Linus Pauling
2870:
2867:
2862:
2859:
2858:Richard Synge
2855:
2854:Archer Martin
2850:
2847:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2812:
2807:
2804:
2803:Arne Tiselius
2799:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2783:John Northrop
2780:
2775:
2772:
2767:
2764:
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2675:
2670:
2663:
2660:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2640:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2627:Arthur Harden
2623:
2620:
2619:Adolf Windaus
2615:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2576:
2571:
2564:
2561:
2556:
2553:
2552:Francis Aston
2548:
2545:
2540:
2537:
2532:
2525:
2522:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2500:
2495:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2483:Alfred Werner
2479:
2476:
2475:Paul Sabatier
2472:
2467:
2464:
2459:
2456:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2440:
2435:
2432:
2427:
2424:
2423:Henri Moissan
2419:
2416:
2411:
2408:
2403:
2400:
2395:
2392:
2387:
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2379:
2378:
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2299:
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2293:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2261:Makoto Fujita
2258:
2257:Omar M. Yaghi
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2235:Chi-Huey Wong
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2188:Allen J. Bard
2185:
2182:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2162:Harry B. Gray
2160:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2105:Gilbert Stork
2103:
2100:
2099:Peter Schultz
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2010:John S. Waugh
2007:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:Carl Djerassi
1955:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1936:
1931:
1929:
1924:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1861:. Brenda Bury
1860:
1854:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1758:
1754:
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1707:
1703:
1697:
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1672:
1656:
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1493:
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1408:
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1389:
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1371:
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1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1218:. p. F1.
1217:
1216:
1208:
1192:
1186:
1184:
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1172:
1170:
1168:
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1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1068:
1062:
1054:
1050:
1049:Royal Society
1046:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1001:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
974:. His uncle,
973:
969:
965:
958:Personal life
955:
953:
949:
945:
942:In 2010, the
940:
938:
934:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
905:
903:
899:
895:
884:
880:
878:
874:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
832:in 1987, and
831:
827:
823:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
799:Royal Society
796:
793:in 1988, the
792:
788:
785:in 1977, the
784:
780:
776:
775:Steacie Prize
773:in 1965, the
772:
768:
764:
760:
750:
748:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
671:
669:
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664:
659:
655:
651:
646:
642:
638:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:
603:
601:
600:excited state
597:
593:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
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430:
425:
421:
417:
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402:
398:
394:
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382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
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327:
323:
314:
304:
300:
296:
293:
290:
286:
283:
279:
272:
269:
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248:
245:
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238:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
207:
203:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
166:Anne Davidson
163:
159:
156:
152:
149:
145:
142:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
113:(age 95)
99:
95:
88:
83:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
53:
48:
43:
39:
35:
34:personal name
30:
19:
4113:Lénárd Fülöp
4094:Kertész Imre
4062:
3956:
3817:Wole Soyinka
3793:John Polanyi
3792:
3648:George Smith
3528:Akira Suzuki
3484:Gerhard Ertl
3468:Yves Chauvin
3416:John B. Fenn
3404:Ryoji Noyori
3391:2001–present
3365:Ahmed Zewail
3325:Harold Kroto
3309:Mario Molina
3237:Robert Huber
3209:John Polanyi
3208:
3193:Jerome Karle
3129:Georg Wittig
3014:Derek Barton
3006:Lars Onsager
2958:Giulio Natta
2954:Karl Ziegler
2946:John Kendrew
2714:Richard Kuhn
2639:Hans Fischer
2455:Otto Wallach
2391:Emil Fischer
2316:Hiroaki Suga
2178:George Feher
2152:RyĹŤji Noyori
2115:Gerhard Ertl
2089:Ahmed Zewail
1991:
1986:Joseph Chatt
1980:Henry Eyring
1905:
1896:John Polanyi
1892:at Wikiquote
1890:John Polanyi
1863:. Retrieved
1853:
1841:. Retrieved
1837:the original
1827:
1815:. Retrieved
1811:the original
1797:
1785:. Retrieved
1772:
1760:. Retrieved
1747:
1735:. Retrieved
1722:
1710:. Retrieved
1706:the original
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1671:
1659:. Retrieved
1655:the original
1645:
1633:. Retrieved
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1595:
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1559:
1547:. Retrieved
1524:22 September
1522:. Retrieved
1518:
1509:
1498:
1492:
1481:
1475:
1464:
1458:
1448:26 September
1446:. Retrieved
1442:
1439:"Supporters"
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1392:. Retrieved
1370:Toronto Star
1368:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1294:the original
1261:. Retrieved
1257:the original
1213:
1207:
1195:. Retrieved
1152:. Retrieved
1112:
1108:
1088:
1075:
1061:
1053:the original
996:
961:
941:
936:
932:
929:
906:
890:
881:
870:
819:
756:
744:
717:
713:
682:
661:
660:sections of
657:
653:
633:
606:
604:
585:
565:spectroscopy
532:
519:
466:World War II
462:Adolf Hitler
447:
438:The Martians
428:
409:
378:
332:
331:
288:Institutions
281:
212:Karl Polanyi
56:John Polanyi
37:
29:
4209:1929 births
4125:Gábor Dénes
4119:Wigner Jenő
4069:Oláh György
3861:Gerd Binnig
3855:Ernst Ruska
3836:Elie Wiesel
3787:Yuan T. Lee
3764:Nobel Prize
3616:Ben Feringa
3600:Aziz Sancar
3580:Stefan Hell
3576:Eric Betzig
3353:Walter Kohn
3321:Robert Curl
3297:George Olah
3285:Kary Mullis
3261:Elias Corey
3253:Thomas Cech
3205:Yuan T. Lee
3173:Henry Taube
2706:Paul Karrer
2694:Peter Debye
2674:Harold Urey
2560:Fritz Pregl
2521:Fritz Haber
2463:Marie Curie
1963:Herman Mark
1081:György Marx
1000:Brenda Bury
873:Canada Post
795:Royal Medal
728:Gerd Binnig
724:Ernst Ruska
701:Yuan T. Lee
679:Nobel Prize
573:Hugh Taylor
500:in Ottawa,
444:Early years
434:György Marx
265:Royal Medal
129:Nationality
4203:Categories
4086:Literature
3804:Literature
3452:Irwin Rose
3432:Peter Agre
3357:John Pople
3165:Aaron Klug
3070:Paul Flory
3018:Odd Hassel
2942:Max Perutz
2823:Kurt Alder
2819:Otto Diels
2647:Carl Bosch
2292:Meir Lahav
2174:Ada Yonath
2083:John Pople
2036:David Blow
1661:7 February
1047:. London:
1028:References
984:Magyarised
902:Physiology
592:exothermic
478:Manchester
401:New Jersey
387:, and did
230:Eva Zeisel
107:1929-01-23
4043:Chemistry
4024:Hungarian
3863:(Germany)
3857:(Germany)
3819:(Nigeria)
3773:Chemistry
3766:laureates
3137:Paul Berg
3092:1976–2000
2833:1951–1975
2763:Otto Hahn
2594:1926–1950
2374:1901–1925
2363:Laureates
1843:2 January
1129:144091082
992:Christian
907:Canada's
898:Chemistry
828:in 1982,
824:in 1970,
464:. During
358:Hungarian
328:, Toronto
313:/jpolanyi
309:.utoronto
205:Relatives
3795:(Canada)
2312:Chuan He
2180:(2006/7)
2111:(1995/6)
2101:(1994/5)
2018:(1984/5)
2012:(1983/4)
1865:31 March
1817:31 March
1762:31 March
1737:31 March
1712:31 March
1635:31 March
1610:31 March
1574:31 March
1549:31 March
1423:31 March
1345:21124358
1300:31 March
1263:31 March
1197:31 March
1154:31 March
1006:See also
822:Waterloo
577:hydrogen
414:and the
232:(cousin)
226:(cousin)
187:Children
132:Canadian
4105:Physics
3847:Physics
2365:of the
1787:1 April
1686:2 April
1515:"Board"
1394:1 April
1325:Bibcode
998:artist
972:Hungary
964:Michael
950:to the
894:Physics
834:Queen's
797:of the
781:of the
703:of the
658:Opinion
641:Pugwash
502:Ontario
454:Britain
450:Germany
420:Michael
391:at the
366:chemist
302:Website
214:(uncle)
181:
173:
169:
122:Germany
4189:(1994)
4170:(2023)
4164:(1961)
4158:(1937)
4152:(1914)
4133:(2023)
4127:(1971)
4121:(1963)
4115:(1905)
4096:(2002)
4077:(2004)
4071:(1994)
4065:(1986)
4059:(1943)
4053:(1925)
3710:2023:
3694:2022:
3682:2021:
3670:2020:
3654:2019:
3638:2018:
3622:2017:
3606:2016:
3590:2015:
3574:2014:
3558:2013:
3546:2012:
3538:2011:
3522:2010:
3506:2009:
3490:2008:
3482:2007:
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