293:
503:
973:
982:
34:
215:
Pederson mentioned that James Ware, writing in 1639, believed that the birthplace of
Sacrobosco was near Dublin. Stanihurst and even Pederson were probably unaware that the seat of the Sacrobosco / Hollywood family in Ireland was in Artane, a suburb of Dublin. Local historical records in Ireland seem
89:
He wrote a short introduction to the Hindu-Arabic numeral system. Judging from the number of manuscript copies that survive today, for the next 400 years it became the most widely read book on that subject. He also wrote a short textbook which was widely read and influential in Europe during the
114:
wrote in 1271 that
Sacrobosco was born in England. That could be true, yet there is neither good supporting nor good contradicting evidence for it. Based on Anglicus writing so soon after Sacrobosco's death, a birthplace in England may deserve greater credence than later suggestions.
244:
The year of his death is uncertain, with evidence supporting the years 1234, 1236, 1244, and 1256. The inscription marking his burial place in the monastery of Saint-Mathurin, Paris, described him as a "computist" – one who was an expert on calculating the date of Easter.
442:. Sacrobosco made no proposal on how to get rid of the accumulated error. But looking to the future, he proposed to leave one day out of the calendar every 288 years to prevent further error. His criticism would foreshadow the introduction of the
437:
once every fourth year. However, the more precise length of a solar year is about 365.2422 days. By the 13th century, the less accurate 365.25 days had resulted in an accumulated error of about 10 days in the date of the
392:
is thought to have been his first work, written c. 1225. The Hindu–Arabic methods of numerical calculation had arrived in Latin Europe during the previous fifty years but had not been disseminated on a wide scale. Sacrobosco's
122:. Long after his death, Johannes de Sacrobosco was called and sometimes is still called by the name "John of Holywood" or "John of Holybush", a name which was constructed by post-hoc reverse translation of the Medieval Latin
101:
Very little is known about the education and biography of
Sacrobosco. For one thing, his year of death has been guessed at 1236, 1244, and 1256, each of which is plausible and each lacking adequate evidence.
494:
did similar work in 1268, again using Arabic astronomical sources. Sacrobosco also was influenced by Arabic astronomy, but not the same sources, and there is no indication in his writings that he could read
90:
later medieval centuries as an introduction to astronomy. In his longest book, on the computation of the date of Easter, Sacrobosco correctly described the defects of the then-used
241:
degree from another university, and thus qualified to teach) is unclear. In due course, he began to teach the mathematical disciplines at the
University of Paris.
433:
The Julian calendar was instituted in the 1st century BCE. The Julian calendar year contained 365.25 days, with the 0.25 day provided for by a
1086:
446:
in 1582, which corrected the error observed by
Sacrobosco by skipping 10 days, and dropping three of the century leap years in every 400-year period.
279:
231:
According to a seventeenth-century account, he arrived at the
University of Paris on 5 June 1221, but whether as a student or as a graduate (
985:
118:
Among those other possibilities, several different tenuous efforts have been made to figure out his birthplace from his appellative name
333:
and copies had quickly found their way to Paris. In addition
Sacrobosco was able to draw on translations of the Arabic astronomers
1001:
1121:
292:
1076:
502:
1081:
921:
366:
the planet Earth. Though principally about astronomy, in its first chapter the book also contains a clear description of the
1111:
1096:
1091:
1126:
1106:
948:
430:, he maintained that the calendar had accumulated an error of 10 days and that some correction was needed.
1101:
851:
798:
739:
833:
942:
895:
1116:
972:
820:
374:
was required reading by students in all western
European universities for the next four hundred years.
802:
216:
to indicate that
Johannes de Sacrobosco was a member of the Hollywood family, born in Artane Castle.
311:
605:
627:
761:
638:
616:
144:
140:
777:
1007:
783:
490:, which were published in Latin in the 1270s, a few decades after Sacrobosco. The astronomer
205:
201:
1071:
1066:
701:
225:
8:
1028:
232:
83:
17:
705:
877:
717:
546:
491:
443:
197:
178:
95:
25:
1011:
917:
910:
721:
689:
570:
564:
520:
470:
326:
162:
111:
941:
358:– an imaginary backdrop of the stars in the sky – which was the meaning of the word
208:
being familiar to
Stanihurst. A similar claim is made that he was born in Holywood,
709:
537:
487:
483:
354:
334:
302:
275:
267:
39:
21:
757:
139:
as such is an unknown town or region. One traditional report, that he was born in
412:
398:
186:
158:
91:
713:
462:
238:
209:
190:
166:
148:
127:
1060:
1003:
High resolution images of works by and/or portraits of Johannes de Sacrobosco
439:
330:
75:
1043:
1006:. History of Science Collections (.jpg and .tiff images). Online Galleries.
776:
271:
124:
310:) was published. In this book, Sacrobosco gives a readable account of the
346:
296:
Line engraving from 1584, depicting an imagined Johannes de Sacrobosco.
204:
also claims Sacrobosco. However, Pederson attributes this assertion to
79:
33:
466:
434:
401:
and arithmetical procedures into the European university curriculum.
338:
170:
855:
423:
322:
314:
182:
174:
342:
318:
173:, which would be a reason for supposing him to have been born in
71:
228:
is no better documented than the stories on his place of birth.
597:
367:
482:
The data Sacrobosco used were not quite as accurate as the
411:
Sacrobosco may now be most famous for his criticism of the
636:
625:
614:
603:
569:
printed without date or place , and at Vienna, 1517, by
212:, but there is no known supporting historical document.
870:
24:. For the monumental complex in Bomarzo, Italy, see
308:
Treatise on the Sphere / On the Sphere of the World
94:, and recommended a solution similar to the modern
909:
746:. pp. 58–59, 134–135 – via archive.org.
143:, is the speculation of a 16th-century antiquary,
1058:
352:The "sphere" Sacrobosco was referring to is the
733:
731:
262:Si miser es, plora: miserans pro me procor ora.
259:Tempora qui sequeris, memor esto quod morieris.
110:The country in which he was born is uncertain.
1026:
737:
256:tempora discrevit, iacet hic a tempore raptus.
578:
544:
518:
728:
632:(in Latin). Venezia: Lucantonio Giunta (1.).
621:(in Latin). Venezia: Lucantonio Giunta (1.).
610:(in Latin). Venezia: Lucantonio Giunta (1.).
185:and studied the classics among the monks of
952:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
832:
683:
681:
679:
677:
98:three centuries before its implementation.
16:For the lunar crater and the asteroid, see
1041:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
563:] (in Latin). Vienna; Cracow; Venice:
325:had been translated into Latin in 1175 by
1087:Academic staff of the University of Paris
1037:] (in Latin) – via archive.org.
817:History and Poetry of the Scottish Border
687:
573:; Cracow, 1521 or 1522; and Venice, 1523
501:
291:
32:
907:
740:"The spread of the numerals in Europe"
654:
303:Tractatus de Sphaera / De Sphaera Mundi
285:
1059:
1027:de Sacro Bosco, Johannes (1841).
774:
643:(in Latin). Paris: Guillaume Cavellat.
637:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1561).
626:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1531).
615:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1531).
604:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1518).
579:de Sacrobosco, Johannes (1572) .
567:& var. – via wikisource.org.
545:de Sacrobosco, Johannes (1523) .
519:de Sacrobosco, Johannes (1472) .
224:The story that he was educated at the
882:Working Group Small Body Nomenclature
738:Smith, D.E.; Karpinski, L.C. (1911).
992:17th century astronomy textbook
694:Journal for the History of Astronomy
329:from the Arabic translation held in
155:means "holy hair", not "holy wood".
838:The History of the County of Dublin
13:
404:
270:, discovered by Czech astronomers
14:
1138:
958:
300:About 1230, his best-known work,
105:
980:
971:
949:Dictionary of National Biography
908:Russell, Jeffrey Burton (1991).
397:was the first text to introduce
1042:de Sacro Bosco, Johannes.
901:
512:
476:
1122:13th-century French scientists
1035:Treatise on the Art of Numbers
844:
826:
809:
791:
768:
750:
456:
161:identified Sacrobosco with an
1:
1077:13th-century writers in Latin
778:"Joannes de Sacrobosco"
648:
593:On Ecclesiastical Computation
416:
377:
67:
63:
1082:Medieval English astronomers
449:
424:computation of Easter's date
181:claimed that he was born in
7:
1112:13th-century French writers
1097:13th-century mathematicians
1030:Tractatus de Arte Numerandi
147:, which was discredited by
10:
1143:
1092:Catholic clergy scientists
934:
821:William Blackwood and Sons
714:10.1177/002182868501600302
589:On the Reckoning of Years
37:Heavily annotated copy of
15:
1050:On the Reckoning of Years
1010:Libraries. Archived from
979:
970:
965:
803:University of St. Andrews
744:The Hindu–Arabic Numerals
266:On 14 May 2021, asteroid
196:Based on a suggestion by
1127:13th-century astronomers
1107:13th-century translators
926:– via archive.org.
912:Inventing the Flat Earth
878:"WGSBN Bulletin Archive"
799:"Johannes de Sacrobosco"
758:"Johannes de Sacrobosco"
690:"In Quest of Sacrobosco"
585:De Computo Ecclesiastico
362:("world") at that time,
131:, "holy (sacred) wood".
916:. Praeger. p. 19.
762:University of Cambridge
688:Pedersen, Olaf (1985).
237:– one already having a
219:
141:Halifax, West Yorkshire
1008:University of Oklahoma
943:"Holywood, John"
775:MĂĽller, Adolf (1910).
527:Treatise on the Sphere
509:
297:
52:Ioannes de Sacro Bosco
48:Johannes de Sacrobosco
44:
1102:Medieval orientalists
815:Veitch, John (1893),
784:Catholic Encyclopedia
561:On the Art of Numbers
505:
399:Hindu–Arabic numerals
295:
202:Holywood, County Down
36:
852:"Parish of Holywood"
486:based on the Arabic
287:Tractatus de Sphaera
226:University of Oxford
1014:on 29 December 2018
706:1985JHA....16..175P
522:Tractatus de Sphæra
507:Sphaera mundi, 1518
469:was a house of the
84:University of Paris
18:Sacrobosco (crater)
858:on 28 October 2008
535:under alt. title:
510:
492:Campanus of Novara
444:Gregorian calendar
298:
249:De Sacrobosco qui
120:de Sacrobosco
96:Gregorian calendar
82:who taught at the
45:
26:Gardens of Bomarzo
1117:Medieval Arabists
1052:] (in Dutch).
997:
996:
986:Distilled #6: An
923:978-0-275-93956-4
571:Hieronymus Vietor
565:Hieronymus Vietor
552:De Arte Numerandi
471:Premonstratensian
390:De Arte Numerandi
327:Gerard of Cremona
163:Augustinian canon
112:Robertus Anglicus
1134:
1053:
1038:
1023:
1021:
1019:
984:
983:
975:
963:
962:
953:
945:
928:
927:
915:
905:
899:
893:
891:
889:
874:
868:
867:
865:
863:
854:. Archived from
848:
842:
841:
830:
824:
813:
807:
806:
795:
789:
788:
780:
772:
766:
765:
754:
748:
747:
735:
726:
725:
685:
644:
633:
622:
611:
596:
581:De Anni Ratione
568:
538:De Sphaera Mundi
530:
496:
488:Tables of Toledo
484:Alfonsine tables
480:
474:
460:
421:
418:
372:De Sphaera Mundi
355:celestial sphere
335:Thabit ibn Qurra
268:14541 Sacrobosco
252:
177:. The historian
69:
65:
60:John of Holybush
56:John of Holywood
22:14541 Sacrobosco
1142:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1057:
1056:
1045:De Anni Ratione
1017:
1015:
1000:
981:
966:External videos
961:
956:
940:
937:
931:
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906:
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831:
827:
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797:
796:
792:
773:
769:
756:
755:
751:
736:
729:
686:
655:
651:
531:(translation) (
529:]. Ferrara.
515:
500:
499:
481:
477:
461:
457:
452:
428:De Anni Ratione
419:
413:Julian calendar
409:
406:De Anni Ratione
382:
290:
282:in his memory.
250:
222:
159:Thomas Dempster
108:
92:Julian calendar
54:, later called
50:, also written
29:
12:
11:
5:
1140:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1055:
1054:
1039:
1024:
995:
994:
977:
976:
968:
967:
960:
959:External links
957:
955:
954:
936:
933:
932:
930:
929:
922:
900:
869:
843:
825:
808:
790:
787:. Vol. 8.
767:
749:
727:
700:(3): 175–221.
652:
650:
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646:
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623:
612:
601:
575:
574:
542:
514:
511:
498:
497:
475:
463:Holywood Abbey
454:
453:
451:
448:
440:vernal equinox
408:
403:
381:
376:
289:
284:
264:
263:
260:
257:
254:
239:Master of Arts
221:
218:
210:County Wicklow
167:Holywood Abbey
149:William Camden
107:
106:Place of birth
104:
43:of Sacrobosco.
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1139:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
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978:
974:
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919:
914:
913:
904:
897:
884:. 14 May 2021
883:
879:
873:
857:
853:
847:
839:
835:
834:D'Alton, John
829:
822:
818:
812:
804:
801:(biography).
800:
794:
786:
785:
779:
771:
763:
760:(biography).
759:
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741:
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703:
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664:
662:
660:
658:
653:
642:
641:
640:Sphaera mundi
635:
631:
630:
624:
620:
619:
618:Sphaera mundi
613:
609:
608:
607:Sphaera mundi
602:
599:
595:]. Paris.
594:
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576:
572:
566:
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558:
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455:
447:
445:
441:
436:
431:
429:
425:
414:
407:
402:
400:
396:
391:
387:
384:Sacrobosco's
380:
375:
373:
370:as a sphere.
369:
365:
361:
357:
356:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
321:'s (updated)
320:
316:
313:
309:
305:
304:
294:
288:
283:
281:
278:in 1997, was
277:
273:
269:
261:
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246:
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240:
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229:
227:
217:
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134:
130:
129:
126:
121:
116:
113:
103:
99:
97:
93:
87:
85:
81:
77:
76:Catholic monk
73:
70:1256), was a
61:
57:
53:
49:
42:
41:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
1049:
1044:
1034:
1029:
1016:. Retrieved
1012:the original
1002:
988:
987:
947:
911:
903:
886:. Retrieved
881:
872:
860:. Retrieved
856:the original
846:
837:
828:
819:, Volume 1,
816:
811:
793:
782:
770:
752:
743:
697:
693:
639:
628:
617:
606:
592:
588:
584:
580:
560:
556:
551:
547:
536:
532:
526:
521:
513:Bibliography
506:
478:
458:
432:
427:
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405:
394:
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385:
383:
378:
371:
363:
359:
353:
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307:
301:
299:
286:
265:
243:
233:
230:
223:
214:
195:
157:
152:
136:
133:Sacer Boscus
132:
123:
119:
117:
109:
100:
88:
59:
55:
51:
47:
46:
38:
30:
1072:1256 deaths
1067:1195 births
1018:24 February
989:interactive
896:Bulletin #1
862:29 December
557:Algorithms
548:Algorismus
533:see article
420: 1235
276:Miloš Tichý
179:John Veitch
145:John Leland
137:Sacro Bosco
135:or Romance
1061:Categories
649:References
629:De sphaera
395:Algorismus
386:Algorismus
379:Algorismus
347:al-Fargani
272:Jana Tichá
251:computista
234:licentiate
198:Stanihurst
80:astronomer
40:De Sphaera
722:118227787
467:Nithsdale
450:Footnotes
435:Leap year
415:. In his
339:al-Biruni
312:Ptolemaic
171:Nithsdale
836:(1838).
823:, p. 341
422:book on
323:Almagest
315:universe
206:Holywood
191:Dryburgh
187:Whithorn
183:Galloway
175:Scotland
935:Sources
702:Bibcode
495:Arabic.
388:a.k.a.
343:al-Urdi
319:Ptolemy
253:Joannes
153:Halifax
72:scholar
66:1195 –
920:
888:16 May
720:
598:octavo
473:order.
345:, and
331:Toledo
128:boscus
78:, and
1048:[
1033:[
718:S2CID
587:[
555:[
525:[
368:Earth
360:mundi
280:named
165:from
125:sacer
1020:2012
918:ISBN
890:2021
864:2008
274:and
220:Life
189:and
20:and
710:doi
364:not
58:or
1063::
946:.
880:.
781:.
742:.
730:^
716:.
708:.
698:16
696:.
692:.
656:^
591:or
583:or
559:or
550:or
465:,
426:,
417:c.
349:.
341:,
337:,
317:.
200:,
193:.
169:,
151::
86:.
74:,
68:c.
64:c.
1022:.
898:)
894:(
892:.
866:.
840:.
805:.
764:.
724:.
712::
704::
600:.
541:)
306:(
62:(
28:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
