31:
418:
Indeed, he is listed in a document from 1350 as being among the teachers capable of supporting themselves without the need for financial assistance from the
University. Zupko has speculated that Buridan "deliberately chose to remain among the 'artists '," possibly envisioning philosophy as a secular enterprise based on what is evident to both the senses and the intellect, rather than the non-evident truths of theology revealed through scripture and doctrine.
683:
331:
632:...after leaving the arm of the thrower, the projectile would be moved by an impetus given to it by the thrower and would continue to be moved as long as the impetus remained stronger than the resistance, and would be of infinite duration were it not diminished and corrupted by a contrary force resisting it or by something inclining it to a contrary motion
1328:
Landi, Marcello (2008). "Un contributo allo studio della scienza nel Medio Evo. Il trattato Il cielo e il mondo di
Giovanni Buridano e un confronto con alcune posizioni di Tommaso d'Aquino" [A contribution to the study of science in the Middle Ages. The sky and the world of Jean Buridan and a
417:
Speculation on his reasons for avoiding religious matters have remained uncertain. Most scholars think it is unlikely that he went unnoticed, given his philosophical talents. As well, it is unlikely that he could not afford to study theology, given that he received several bursaries and stipends.
521:
Apocryphal stories abound about his reputed amorous affairs and adventures which are enough to show that he enjoyed a reputation as a glamorous and mysterious figure in Paris life. None of the stories can be confirmed, and most contradict known historical information.
645:
Buridan also contended that impetus is a variable quality whose force is determined by the speed and quantity of the matter in the subject. In this way, the acceleration of a falling body could be understood in terms of its gradual accumulation of units of impetus.
670:. Zupko has disagreed, pointing out that Buridan did not use his theory to transform the science of mechanics, but instead remained a committed Aristotelian in thinking that motion and rest are contrary states and that the universe is finite in extent.
614:(impulse). The major difference between Buridan's theory and that of his predecessor is that he rejected the view that the impetus dissipated spontaneously, instead asserting that a body would be arrested by the forces of air resistance and
618:
which might be opposing its impetus. Buridan further held that the impetus of a body increased with the speed with which it was set in motion, and with its quantity of matter. This is closely related to the modern concept of
598:
The theory of impetus proposed that motion was maintained by some property of the body, imparted when it was set in motion. Buridan was the first to name this motion-maintaining property
404:." As university statutes permitted only those educated in theology to teach or write on the subject, there are no writings from Buridan on either theological matters or commentary of
2107:
926:, says that he has found no trace of the parable of the ass, which apart from his status in the history of mechanics, has made Buridan's name classical."
2157:
421:
The last appearance of
Buridan in historical documents came in 1359, where he was mentioned as the adjudicator in a territorial dispute between the
1429:
602:
but the theory itself probably did not originate with him. A less sophisticated notion of impressed forced can be found in the commentary of
425:
and Picard nations. It is supposed that he died sometime after then, since one of his benefices was awarded to another person in 1362.
721:
An edition and translation with an introduction, and philosophical commentary. Cambridge/London/New York: Cambridge
University Press,
2112:
2002:
2122:
778:
2167:
483:
306:
963:
2102:
1232:
Johannes
Buridan: Studien zu seinem Leben, seinen Werken und zu Rezeption seiner Theorien im Europa des spÀten Mittelalters
30:
1961:
1243:
Zupko, Jack (1998). "What Is the
Science of the Soul? A Case Study in the Evolution of Late Medieval Natural Philosophy".
690:
2137:
1366:
965:
John
Buridan: Quaestiones Super Libros De Generatione et Corruptione Aristotelis. A Critical Edition with an Introduction
1161:
392:. Also unusual for a philosopher of his time, Buridan further maintained his intellectual independence by remaining a
1422:
1374:
1283:
1123:
973:
726:
2132:
535:
512:
1483:
2117:
2142:
1722:
1656:
474:
432:
918:
Dugas, René. Histoire de la méchanique. 1955. Tr.: Maddox, J.R.. A History of
Mechanics. Dover: NY. 1988:48. "
362:
84:
2127:
123:
1681:
376:
Unusually, he spent his entire academic life in the faculty of arts, rather than obtaining the doctorate in
2162:
2147:
1415:
462:
741:
John
Buridan's Philosophy of Mind: An Edition and Translation of Book III of His Questions on Aristotle's
581:. Thus, in the Aristotelian view, a projectile moving through the air would owe its continuing motion to
1236:
Jean
Buridan: His life, his works and the reaction to his theories in the Europe of the late Middle Ages
766:
John Buridanâs Questions on Aristotleâs de Anima - Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis de Anima
1890:
1192:
Courtenay, William J. (2005). "The University of Paris at the Time of John Buridan and Nicole Oresme".
278:
525:
Some rumors hold that he died when the King of France had him put in a sack and thrown into the River
2152:
1880:
1781:
2027:
1840:
1930:
1568:
1543:
637:
361:, or perhaps elsewhere in the diocese of Arras. He received his education in Paris, first at the
1573:
1171:
Courtenay, William J. (2002). "Philosophy's Reward: The Ecclesiastical Income of Jean Buridan".
577:
followers held that a body was maintained in motion only by the action of a continuous external
2073:
2047:
2032:
2012:
1910:
1905:
1097:
Maier, Anneliese (1955). "Metaphysische HintergrĂŒnde der spĂ€tscholastischen Naturphilosophie".
1380:
539:. Others suggest that he was expelled from Paris due to his nominalist teachings and moved to
1971:
1900:
294:
2097:
2092:
2037:
2007:
1671:
1538:
1523:
1493:
1446:
714:
544:
8:
2022:
1791:
1712:
1563:
1438:
1068:
366:
282:
218:
154:
106:
89:
1875:
1747:
1727:
1596:
1558:
1488:
1468:
1260:
1209:
905:
761:, translated, with an Introduction by Stephen Read. New York: Fordham University Press.
595:. In the absence of a proximate force, the body would come to rest almost immediately.
574:
443:
310:
184:
116:
1395:
1386:
694:
530:
507:
1860:
1766:
1691:
1401:
1279:
1264:
1213:
1157:
1119:
969:
722:
560:
298:
207:
754:
Yale Library of Medieval Philosophy. New Haven, Conn./London: Yale University Press.
1870:
1855:
1801:
1732:
1651:
1646:
1252:
1201:
1180:
314:
1686:
1661:
1606:
1361:
1273:
1113:
980:
The often repeated tradition that he was born in the town of BĂ©thune is spurious.
783:
667:
659:
607:
603:
548:
397:
241:
141:
848:
736:
Translation from the Latin with a Philosophical Introduction, Dordrecht: Reidel.
734:
John Buridan's Logic: The Treatise on Supposition; The Treatise on Consequences.
1920:
1821:
1742:
1737:
1626:
1611:
1578:
1533:
1462:
1221:
Faral, Edmond (1951). "Jean Buridan: Maßtre Ús Arts de l'Université de Paris".
663:
591:
393:
370:
1357:
1294:
1256:
2086:
1997:
1717:
1666:
1553:
1528:
1517:
1205:
405:
268:
131:
1396:
Buridan's Logical Works. II. The Treatise on Consequences and other writings
2052:
2042:
1796:
1636:
1601:
919:
655:
1184:
745:(Third Redaction), with Commentary and Critical and Interpretative Essays.
2057:
1895:
1826:
1811:
1786:
1752:
1676:
1641:
1621:
1616:
1548:
1478:
901:
179:
1407:
922:, who has studied Buridan's works in detail, including those concerning
1976:
1956:
1816:
1806:
1402:
Buridan: Editions, Translations and Studies on the Manuscript Tradition
447:
389:
330:
271:
213:
136:
764:
Klima, G., Sobol, P. G., Hartman, P., & Zupko, J. (2023, May 31).
719:
John Buridan on Self-Reference: Chapter Eight of Buridan's Sophismata.
350:
349:
Buridan was born sometime before 1301, perhaps at or near the town of
49:
2017:
1925:
1915:
1885:
1387:
Buridan's Logical Works. I. An Overview of the Summulae de dialectica
923:
570:
410:
317:, but the thought experiment does not appear in his extant writings.
290:
1981:
1966:
1951:
1946:
1865:
1473:
620:
436:
385:
381:
373:
degree and formal license to teach at the latter by the mid-1320s.
340:
1631:
962:
Streijger, M.; Bakker, P.J.J.M.; Thijssen, J.M.M.H, eds. (2010).
615:
470:
422:
354:
302:
174:
53:
1156:(1980. ed.). Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Press.
1498:
662:
both saw Buridan as playing an important role in the demise of
606:
on Aristoteilan physics. In this he was possibly influenced by
540:
429:
358:
189:
578:
526:
495:
286:
246:
169:
1404:
Complete bibliography of the logical and metaphysical works
1329:
comparison with some positions of St. Thomas Aquinas].
1238:]. 2 Vols. Doctoral dissertation. University of Berlin.
1381:
Buridan's Logic and Metaphysics: an annotated bibliography
1275:
John Buridan. Portrait of a Fourteenth-Century Arts Master
1069:
Medieval Science, Technology and Medicine:an Encyclopedia
377:
1278:. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.
961:
1383:(updates the bibliography of Fabienne Pironet to 2014)
1343:
The Metaphysics and Natural Philosophy of John Buridan
825:
Jaegwon Kim, Ernest Sosa, Gary S. Rosenkrantz (eds.),
1341:
Thijssen, J. M. M. H., and Jack Zupko (ed.) (2002).
402:
clericus Atrebatensis diocoesis, magister in artibus
654:Because of his developments, historians of science
400:. A papal letter of 1330 refers to him as simply, "
285:for his entire career and focused in particular on
829:, Wiley-Blackwell, 2010, p. 164: "Buridan, Jean."
589:in the surrounding medium, a phenomenon known as
2084:
1389:a detailed summary of the nine treatises of the
1173:Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie Médiévale
388:that typically prepared the way for a career in
1301:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
1099:Studien zur Naturphilosophie der SpÀtscholastik
529:after his affair with the Queen came to light.
467:For whom was castrated, and then (made) a monk,
851:," in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
666:. Duhem even called Buridan the forerunner of
439:, was among the most notable of his students.
301:, the first step toward the modern concept of
1423:
1223:Extrait de l'Histoire littéraire de la France
1044:
1042:
861:
859:
857:
1225:. Vol. 1. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.
1154:The Science of Mechanics in the Middle Ages
739:Zupko, John Alexander, ed. and tr. (1990).
338:
2108:14th-century French Roman Catholic priests
1430:
1416:
1039:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
854:
747:Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University.
29:
2158:Academic staff of the University of Paris
2003:Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi
1437:
1191:
1170:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
810:
267:) was an influential 14th‑century
1081:
779:List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics
329:
309:. His name is most familiar through the
1774:
1398:a summary of the other logical writings
1299:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1229:
1151:
1066:T. F. Glick, S. J. Livesay, F. Wallis,
929:
752:John Buridan: 'Summulae de Dialectica'.
610:who was developing the Stoic notion of
501:Oh, where are the snows of yesteryear!
479:For his love he suffered this sentence.
450:, prohibited the reading of his works.
325:
297:in Europe. He developed the concept of
2085:
877:
1411:
1327:
1292:
1271:
1242:
1220:
1111:
1096:
547:. Another story talks of him hitting
453:
334:14th-century manuscript of Buridan's
240:
1876:Ikhwan al-Safa' (Brethren of Purity)
1324:. New York: Oxford University Press.
677:
305:and an important development in the
1367:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1115:Physical Science in the Middle Ages
533:alludes to this in his famous poem
16:French philosopher (c. 1301â1359/6)
13:
1314:
14:
2179:
1355:
1349:
554:
293:. Buridan sowed the seeds of the
2113:14th-century French philosophers
1375:Bibliography by Fabienne Pironet
1086:. Vol. 1â3. Paris: Hermann.
1027:Michael 1986, pp. 79â238 399â404
681:
536:Ballade des Dames du Temps Jadis
513:Ballade des dames du temps jadis
2123:Latin commentators on Aristotle
1484:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
1132:
1105:
1090:
1075:
1060:
1051:
1030:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
985:
955:
912:
494:Were thrown in a sack into the
482:Similarly, where is the Queen (
1657:Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt
1118:. Cambridge University Press.
895:
868:
841:
832:
819:
801:
446:in 1473, directed against the
1:
2168:14th-century writers in Latin
789:
261:
254:
64:
41:
1101:. Rome: Storiae Letteratura.
569:was alien to the physics of
7:
2103:14th-century French writers
1084:Ătudes sur LĂ©onard de Vinci
772:
363:CollĂšge du Cardinal Lemoine
307:history of medieval science
85:CollĂšge du Cardinal Lemoine
10:
2184:
2138:Catholic clergy scientists
1152:Clagett, Marshall (1960).
1145:
827:A Companion to Metaphysics
750:Klima, Gyula, tr. (2002).
627:the motion of the object:
558:
2070:
1990:
1962:Abu l-Barakat al-Baghdadi
1939:
1911:Abu Sulayman al-Sijistani
1871:Abu Bakr al-Razi (Rhazes)
1848:
1839:
1782:Isaac Israeli ben Solomon
1765:
1700:
1587:
1507:
1454:
1445:
1082:Duhem, Pierre (1906â13).
906:The Copernican Revolution
649:
636:Questions on Aristotle's
623:. Buridan saw impetus as
227:
198:
160:
150:
122:
112:
102:
98:
77:
60:
37:
28:
21:
2028:Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi
1921:Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)
1856:Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber)
1206:10.1163/1568534042066974
794:
759:Treatise on Consequences
673:
490:Who ordered that Buridan
435:, himself renowned as a
396:, rather than joining a
336:Questions on Aristotle's
2133:Scholastic philosophers
1891:Abu Ya'qub al-Sijistani
1886:Al-Farabi (Alpharabius)
1569:Dominicus Gundissalinus
1544:Richard of Saint Victor
1257:10.1023/A:1004969404080
1230:Michael, Bernd (1986).
484:Marguerite de Bourgogne
461:Where is the very wise
320:
2074:Renaissance philosophy
2048:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
2033:Athir al-Din al-Abhari
1391:Summulae de dialectica
1112:Grant, Edward (1971).
664:Aristotelian cosmology
504:
346:
339:
277:Buridan taught in the
2143:Catholic philosophers
1972:Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani
1967:Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
1439:Medieval philosophers
1320:Klima, Gyula (2009).
1185:10.2143/rtpm.68.1.859
865:Clagett 1960, p. 522.
838:Clagett 1959, p. 331.
757:John Buridan (2015).
573:. Aristotle, and his
458:
333:
295:Copernican Revolution
2128:Natural philosophers
2038:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
2008:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
1982:Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
1957:Al-Ghazali (Algazel)
1672:Godfrey of Fontaines
1574:Gilbert de la Porrée
1539:Hugh of Saint Victor
1524:Anselm of Canterbury
1494:John Scotus Eriugena
1293:Zupko, Jack (2015).
1272:Zupko, Jack (2004).
968:. Brill. p. 1.
909:, 1958, pp. 119â123.
732:King, Peter (1986).
695:adding missing items
545:University of Vienna
326:Education and career
289:and on the works of
2163:Medieval physicists
2148:French male writers
2118:People from BĂ©thune
1947:Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
1866:Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
1792:Solomon ibn Gabirol
1713:Marsilius of Inghen
1564:Bernard of Chartres
1048:Faral 1951, p. 9-33
768:(Vol. 9). Springer.
469:Pierre Esbaillart (
367:University of Paris
283:University of Paris
155:University of Paris
107:Medieval philosophy
90:University of Paris
1748:Lambertus de Monte
1728:Francesc Eiximenis
1597:Robert Grosseteste
1559:Alexander of Hales
1489:Isidore of Seville
1469:Augustine of Hippo
1000:Zupko 2004, ch. 10
693:; you can help by
454:Apocryphal stories
444:Louis XI of France
347:
311:thought experiment
251:Johannes Buridanus
214:Aristotelian logic
185:Natural philosophy
117:Western philosophy
2080:
2079:
2066:
2065:
1835:
1834:
1761:
1760:
1692:William of Ockham
1036:Faral 1951, p. 16
991:Faral 1951, p. 11
711:
710:
561:Theory of impetus
242:[byÊidÉÌ]
231:
230:
212:Modernization of
208:Theory of impetus
2175:
2153:French logicians
1846:
1845:
1802:Abraham ibn Daud
1772:
1771:
1733:Nicholas of Cusa
1723:Albert of Saxony
1652:Boetius of Dacia
1647:Siger of Brabant
1452:
1451:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1409:
1408:
1371:
1362:Zalta, Edward N.
1338:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1289:
1268:
1239:
1226:
1217:
1188:
1167:
1139:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1073:
1064:
1058:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1037:
1034:
1028:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
992:
989:
983:
982:
959:
953:
950:
927:
916:
910:
899:
893:
890:
875:
874:Zipko 2015, n. 5
872:
866:
863:
852:
845:
839:
836:
830:
823:
817:
814:
808:
805:
706:
703:
685:
684:
678:
517:
442:An ordinance of
433:Albert of Saxony
369:, receiving his
365:and then at the
344:
266:
263:
259:
256:
244:
239:
219:Buridan's bridge
73:
69:
66:
46:
43:
33:
19:
18:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2062:
1986:
1935:
1881:Matta ibn Yunus
1831:
1757:
1696:
1687:Petrus Aureolus
1662:Meister Eckhart
1607:Albertus Magnus
1589:
1583:
1509:
1503:
1441:
1436:
1352:
1317:
1315:Further reading
1304:
1302:
1286:
1164:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1110:
1106:
1095:
1091:
1080:
1076:
1072:, 2005, p. 107.
1065:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
990:
986:
976:
960:
956:
951:
930:
917:
913:
900:
896:
891:
878:
873:
869:
864:
855:
846:
842:
837:
833:
824:
820:
815:
811:
806:
802:
797:
792:
784:Buridan formula
775:
707:
701:
698:
682:
676:
660:Anneliese Maier
652:
608:John Philoponus
604:John Philoponus
565:The concept of
563:
557:
549:Pope Clement VI
531:François Villon
519:
508:François Villon
506:
503:
500:
492:
488:
480:
478:
468:
466:
456:
398:religious order
328:
323:
279:faculty of arts
264:
257:
237:
223:
201:
194:
163:
146:
142:Aristotelianism
94:
78:Alma mater
71:
67:
56:
47:
44:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2181:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2078:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1822:Hasdai Crescas
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1743:Paul of Venice
1740:
1738:Vincent Ferrer
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1627:Thomas Aquinas
1624:
1619:
1614:
1612:Henry of Ghent
1609:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1579:Alain de Lille
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1534:Anselm of Laon
1531:
1526:
1521:
1513:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1463:Church Fathers
1458:
1456:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1384:
1378:
1372:
1358:"John Buridan"
1351:
1350:External links
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:Leiden: Brill.
1339:
1325:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1295:"John Buridan"
1290:
1284:
1269:
1251:(2): 297â334.
1240:
1227:
1218:
1189:
1168:
1163:978-0299019006
1162:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1131:
1124:
1104:
1089:
1074:
1059:
1050:
1038:
1029:
1020:
1018:Courtenay 2005
1011:
1009:Courtenay 2002
1002:
993:
984:
974:
954:
952:Zupko 2015, §1
928:
911:
894:
892:Zupko 2015, §6
876:
867:
853:
840:
831:
818:
809:
807:Zupko 2015, §4
799:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
787:
786:
781:
774:
771:
770:
769:
762:
755:
748:
737:
730:
709:
708:
688:
686:
675:
672:
651:
648:
643:
642:
592:antiperistasis
559:Main article:
556:
555:Impetus theory
553:
459:
457:
455:
452:
394:secular cleric
371:Master of Arts
327:
324:
322:
319:
265: 1359/62
229:
228:
225:
224:
222:
221:
216:
210:
204:
202:
199:
196:
195:
193:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
166:
164:
162:Main interests
161:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
145:
144:
139:
134:
128:
126:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
96:
95:
93:
92:
87:
81:
79:
75:
74:
62:
58:
57:
48:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2180:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2075:
2069:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2013:Rashid al-Din
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:Abd al-Jabbar
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1718:Nicole Oresme
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1667:Giles of Rome
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1554:Peter Lombard
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1529:Peter Abelard
1527:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1518:Scholasticism
1515:
1514:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1356:Zupko, Jack.
1354:
1353:
1344:
1340:
1337:(2): 151â185.
1336:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1285:9780268032562
1281:
1277:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1138:Duhem 1906â13
1135:
1127:
1125:9780521292948
1121:
1117:
1116:
1108:
1100:
1093:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1043:
1033:
1024:
1015:
1006:
997:
988:
981:
977:
975:9789004185043
971:
967:
966:
958:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
937:
935:
933:
925:
921:
915:
908:
907:
903:
898:
889:
887:
885:
883:
881:
871:
862:
860:
858:
850:
844:
835:
828:
822:
813:
804:
800:
785:
782:
780:
777:
776:
767:
763:
760:
756:
753:
749:
746:
742:
738:
735:
731:
728:
727:0-521-28864-9
724:
720:
716:
715:Hughes, G. E.
713:
712:
705:
696:
692:
689:This list is
687:
680:
679:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
647:
641:XII.9: 73ra).
640:
639:
633:
630:
629:
628:
626:
622:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
596:
594:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
562:
552:
551:with a shoe.
550:
546:
543:to found the
542:
538:
537:
532:
528:
523:
518:
515:
514:
509:
502:
499:
497:
491:
487:
485:
476:
472:
464:
451:
449:
445:
440:
438:
434:
431:
426:
424:
419:
415:
413:
412:
407:
406:Peter Lombard
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
343:
342:
337:
332:
318:
316:
315:Buridan's ass
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
273:
270:
252:
248:
243:
235:
226:
220:
217:
215:
211:
209:
206:
205:
203:
200:Notable ideas
197:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
167:
165:
159:
156:
153:
149:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
132:Scholasticism
130:
129:
127:
125:
121:
118:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
97:
91:
88:
86:
83:
82:
80:
76:
63:
59:
55:
51:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
2053:Ibn Taymiyya
2043:Ibn al-Nafis
1797:Judah Halevi
1708:Jean Buridan
1707:
1637:John Peckham
1602:Michael Scot
1390:
1377:(up to 2001)
1365:
1342:
1334:
1331:Divus Thomas
1330:
1322:John Buridan
1321:
1303:. Retrieved
1298:
1274:
1248:
1244:
1235:
1231:
1222:
1197:
1193:
1176:
1172:
1153:
1134:
1114:
1107:
1098:
1092:
1083:
1077:
1067:
1062:
1053:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1005:
996:
987:
979:
964:
957:
914:
904:
897:
870:
843:
834:
826:
821:
812:
803:
765:
758:
751:
744:
740:
733:
718:
702:January 2024
699:
656:Pierre Duhem
653:
644:
635:
631:
624:
611:
599:
597:
590:
586:
582:
566:
564:
534:
524:
520:
511:
505:
493:
489:
481:
460:
441:
427:
420:
416:
409:
401:
375:
348:
335:
276:
250:
234:Jean Buridan
233:
232:
151:Institutions
23:Jean Buridan
2098:1361 deaths
2093:1295 births
2058:Ibn Khaldun
1896:Ibn Masarra
1827:Joseph Albo
1812:Nachmanides
1787:Saadia Gaon
1753:John Hennon
1677:Duns Scotus
1642:Ramon Llull
1622:Bonaventure
1617:Roger Bacon
1479:Cassiodorus
1200:(1): 3â17.
638:Metaphysics
575:peripatetic
475:Saint-Denis
448:nominalists
272:philosopher
258: 1301
180:Metaphysics
72: 1362
68: 1359
45: 1301
2087:Categories
2023:al-Qazwini
1998:Ibn Sab'in
1977:Ibn Tufayl
1931:al-Kirmani
1817:Gersonides
1807:Maimonides
1305:5 February
1179:: 163â69.
1057:Zupko 1997
849:Insolubles
816:Zupko 2015
790:References
691:incomplete
587:vibrations
390:philosophy
137:Nominalism
70: â c.
2072:See also
2018:Ibn Arabi
1926:al-Biruni
1916:Miskawayh
1861:al-Nazzam
1447:Christian
1265:149443888
1214:170742014
924:free will
571:Aristotle
411:Sentences
313:known as
291:Aristotle
1952:Ibn Hazm
1906:Al-Amiri
1775:Medieval
1682:Durandus
1549:Roscelin
1474:Boethius
1245:Synthese
1194:Vivarium
902:Kuhn, T.
773:See also
743:De Anima
717:(1983).
621:momentum
437:logician
386:theology
382:medicine
341:De anima
1841:Islamic
1632:Vitello
1590:century
1588:13â14th
1510:century
1508:11â12th
1364:(ed.).
1146:Sources
668:Galileo
625:causing
616:gravity
600:impetus
567:inertia
471:Abelard
463:Heloise
423:English
355:Picardy
351:BĂ©thune
303:inertia
299:impetus
281:at the
238:French:
175:Grammar
54:Picardy
50:BĂ©thune
1767:Jewish
1499:Alcuin
1282:
1263:
1212:
1160:
1122:
972:
725:
650:Legacy
583:eddies
541:Vienna
516:, 9â16
510:,
430:bishop
359:France
269:French
190:Ethics
124:School
113:Region
1849:Early
1455:Early
1360:. In
1261:S2CID
1234:[
1210:S2CID
920:Duhem
795:Notes
674:Works
612:hormé
579:force
527:Seine
496:Seine
473:) in
287:logic
247:Latin
170:Logic
1991:Late
1940:High
1701:Late
1307:2019
1280:ISBN
1158:ISBN
1120:ISBN
970:ISBN
723:ISBN
658:and
428:The
321:Life
61:Died
38:Born
1335:110
1253:doi
1249:110
1202:doi
1181:doi
697:.
585:or
408:'s
384:or
378:law
353:in
103:Era
2089::
1333:.
1297:.
1259:.
1247:.
1208:.
1198:42
1196:.
1177:68
1175:.
1041:^
978:.
931:^
879:^
856:^
414:.
380:,
357:,
274:.
262:c.
260:â
255:c.
253:;
249::
245:;
65:c.
52:,
42:c.
1520:"
1516:"
1465:"
1461:"
1431:e
1424:t
1417:v
1370:.
1309:.
1288:.
1267:.
1255::
1216:.
1204::
1187:.
1183::
1166:.
1128:.
847:"
729:.
704:)
700:(
634:(
498:?
486:)
477:?
465:,
345:.
236:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)