1431:
44:
384:, which would have weakened Irish exceptionalism within a broader British context. Butt was representative of a constructive national unionism. As an economist, he made significant contributions regarding the potential resource mobilisation and distribution aspects of protection, and analysed deficiencies in the Irish economy such as sparse employment, low productivity, and misallocation of land. He dissented from the established
660:
important bills from being passed. Butt, ageing, and in failing health, could not keep up with this tactic and considered it counter-productive. In July 1877 Butt threatened to resign from the party if obstruction continued, and a gulf developed between himself and
Parnell, who was growing steadily in the estimation of both the Fenians and the Home Rulers.
596:. This was in no sense a revolutionary organisation. It was designed to mobilise public opinion behind the demand for an Irish parliament, with, as he put it, "full control over our domestic affairs". He believed that Home Rule would promote friendship between Ireland and her neighbour to the east.
634:
on the things that mattered to most Irish people: an amnesty for the
Fenians of 1867, fixity of tenure for tenant-farmers and Home Rule. Although they worked to get Home Rulers elected, many Fenians along with tenant farmers were dissatisfied with Butt's gentlemanly approach to have bills enacted,
814:
Quarterly 1st & 4th Gules on a chevron engrailed between three estoiles Or a trefoil Vert between two lozenges of the first (Butt) 2nd Azyre three bars counterchanged Or on a canton Gules a lion's head erased Argent (Cox) 3rd Argent an eagle displayed and in chief between two pellets a cross
744:
In May 2010 the Church of
Ireland (Anglican) parishes of Stranorlar, Meenglass and Kilteevogue instigated an annual memorial Service and Lecture in Butt's honour, inviting members of the professions of law, politics and journalism to reflect aspects of his life. Speakers have included Dr. Joe
659:
and Joseph Biggar and allied himself with those Irish members who would support him in his obstructionist campaign. MPs at that time could stand up and talk for as long as they wished on any subject. This caused havoc in
Parliament. In one case they talked for 45 hours non-stop, stopping any
698:
Butt amassed debts and pursued romances. It was said that at meetings he was occasionally heckled by women with whom he had fathered children. He was also involved in a financial scandal when it was revealed that he had taken money from several Indian princes to represent their interests in
1805:
1394:
Protection to Home
Industry: Some Cases of Its Advantages Considered: the Substance of Two Lectures Delivered Before the University of Dublin, in Michaelmas Term, 1840: to which is Added an Appendix, Containing Dissertations on Some Points Connected with the
1800:
675:, who continued his attacks with considerable support from other Home Rulers at a meeting of the Home Rule League in February 1879. Although he defended himself with dignity, Butt, and all and sundry, knew that his role in the party was at an end.
679:, in his biography of Parnell, interviews 'X' who relates: 'It was very painful. I was very fond of Butt. He was himself the kindest-hearted man in the world, and here was I going to do the unkindest thing to him.'
580:
in 1867 strengthened Butt's belief that a federal system was the only way to break the dreary cycle of inefficient administration punctuated by incompetent uprisings. Having defended the leaders of the
585:
revolt, Butt then from June 1869 became president of the
Amnesty Association formed to secure the release of imprisoned Fenians, supported actively amongst others by
1855:
808:
A horse's head erased Argent charged on the neck with a trefoil Vert the headand mane plaited Or on the head a lume of three ostrich feathers of the first.
671:
to be interrupted by obstructionism and publicly warned the Irish members to refrain from this tactic. He was fiercely denounced by the young
Nationalist
1570:
635:
although they did not openly attack him, as his defence of the Fenian prisoners in 1867 still stood in his favour. However, soon a
Belfast Home Ruler,
762:
Hartley features a hostile portrait of Butt as "Mr. Rebutter". The eponymous protagonist, John O'Rooney Hogan, shares some traits and background of
745:
Mulholland, Senator David Norris, Dr. Chris McGimpsey and Prof. Brian Walker. His grave has been restored and the memorial now includes a wreath.
604:
815:
crosslet fitchee Sable (Ramsay) the cross crosslet being adopted in commemoration of a descent through the
Ramsays from the family of O'Donnell.
509:'s campaign for the repeal of the Act of Union. He also lectured at Trinity College, Dublin, in political economy. His experiences during the
1175:
The
General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, Comprising a Registry of Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time
533:. Butt was instrumental in fostering links between constitutional and revolutionary nationalism through his representation of members of the
1810:
725:
Despite his chaotic lifestyle and political limitations, Butt was capable of inspiring deep personal loyalty. Some of his friends, such as
529:
that would give Ireland a greater degree of self-rule. This led to his involvement in Irish nationalist politics and the foundation of the
1825:
526:
253:
231:
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562:
464:
96:
1770:
1278:
Reid, Colin W. "‘An Experiment in Constructive Unionism’: Isaac Butt, Home Rule and Federalist Political Thought during the 1870s."
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Colin W. Reid, "‘An Experiment in Constructive Unionism’: Isaac Butt, Home Rule and Federalist Political Thought during the 1870s."
1815:
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357:
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The Irish people and the Irish land: a letter to Lord Lifford, with comments on the publications of Lord Dufferin and Lord Rosse
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Spence, Joseph. "Isaac Butt, Irish nationality and the conditional defence of the Union, 1833–70." in D. George Boyce ed.
643:), began making extensive use of the ungentlemanly tactic of "obstructionism" to prevent bills being passed by the house.
1870:
682:
Butt, who had been suffering from bronchitis, had a stroke the following May and died within a week. He was replaced by
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Spence, Joseph (Summer 1996). "Allegories for a Protestant Nation: Irish Tory Historical Fiction, 1820–1850".
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had joined the League, with more radical ideas than most of the incumbent Home Rulers, and was elected to
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Moss, Laurence S. "Isaac Butt and the early development of the marginal utility theory of imputation."
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468:
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McCaffrey, Lawrence J. "Isaac Butt and the Home Rule Movement: A Study in Conservative Nationalism."
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After being called to the bar in 1838, Butt quickly established a name for himself as a brilliant
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Limerick constituencies (1801–1922)
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Cork constituencies (1801–1922)
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Movements for political and Social Reform, 1870–1914 (Irish Leaving Cert History Textbook)
8:
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514:
506:
385:
867:
R.D. Collison Black, "The Irish dissenters and nineteenth-century political economy."
1333:, Part One pp. 39–40, 43–46, Part Two, 'Parliamentary Manoeuvres,' pp. 43–46.
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612:
550:
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425:
377:
329:
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29:
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Home Government for Ireland: Irish Federalism! Its Meaning, Its Objects, and Its Hopes
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Alumni Dublinenses: a register of the students, graduates, professors and provosts of
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in 1873. Colin W. Reid argues that Home Rule was the mechanism Butt proposed to bind
353:
49:
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62:
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1201:>Hall, Wayne E. "The 'Dublin University Magazine' and Isaac Butt, 1834-1838."
741:, retained a lasting hostility towards Parnell for his role in Butt's downfall.
1231:
949:"Life Story of Isaac Butt - His Early Career - Political Opponent of O'Connell"
715:
668:
603:, which he regarded as a pressure-group, rather than a political party. In the
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381:
226:
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The climax came in December 1878, when Parliament was recalled to discuss the
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1709:
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Wayne E. Hall, "The 'Dublin University Magazine' and Isaac Butt, 1834-1838."
611:. However, most of those elected were men of property who were closer to the
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the following year, 60 of its members were elected, forming then in 1874 the
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and edited it for four years. For much of his life he was a member of the
404:
Butt was born in 1813 in Glenfin, a district bordering the Finn Valley in
1684:
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1290:
Defenders of the Union: A Survey of British and Irish Unionism Since 1801
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43:
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439:, through the Ramsays. Butt received his secondary school education at
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Granted 14 August 1856 by Sir John Bernard Burke, Ulster King of Arms.
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cemetery beneath a tree by which he used to sit and dream as a boy.
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In November 1873 Butt replaced the Association with a new body, the
707:
1437:
1271:
O’Day, Alan. "Isaac Butt and Neglected Political Economists." in
1103:
582:
417:
369:
854:
Alan O’Day, "Isaac Butt and Neglected Political Economists." in
1362:
Irish federalism : its meaning, its objects, and its hopes
984:
Bouchier-Hayes, Frank (26 August 2008). "An Irishman's Diary".
958:
534:
444:
409:
248:
352:, economist and the founder and first leader of a number of
1273:
English, Irish and Subversives Among the Dismal Scientists
856:
English, Irish and Subversives Among the Dismal Scientists
569:
he had also been elected for the English constituency of
1319:
That Irishman: The Life and Times of John O'Connor Power
1031:
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667:. Butt considered this discussion too important to the
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at Trinity in 1836 and held that position until 1841.
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a leading Irish journal of politics and literature.
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1055:
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902:
1383:Land Tenure in Ireland: A Plea for the Celtic race
706:in Dublin. His remains were brought by train, via
630:Butt had failed to win substantial concessions at
356:parties and organisations. He was a leader in the
890:
1752:
983:
424:, a town in East Donegal. He was born into an
1856:People educated at the Royal and Prior School
1564:
337:(6 September 1813 – 5 May 1879) was an
1263:American Journal of Economics and Sociology
923:Trinity College in the University of Dublin
527:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
463:(TCD), at the age of fifteen, where he was
254:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
232:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1571:
1557:
1429:
42:
16:Irish nationalist politician and barrister
1443:contributions in Parliament by Isaac Butt
1149:. National Library of Ireland. p. 98
1147:"Grants and Confirmations of Arms Vol. F"
943:
941:
501:. He was known for his opposition to the
1316:
1133:
1109:
718:, where he is buried in a corner of the
1211:
1121:
1037:
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358:Irish Metropolitan Conservative Society
1753:
1295:
938:
935:p. 123: Dublin, Alex Thom and Co, 1935
896:
487:Whately Professor of Political Economy
420:. Glenfin is a short distance west of
376:. It would end the ambiguities of the
350:House of Commons of the United Kingdom
75:21 November 1873 – 5 May 1879
1552:
1230:
1214:Home Rule: An Irish History 1800—2000
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1701:Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)
1811:People educated at Midleton College
540:
312:Professor, lawyer, politician, and
13:
1826:Scholars of Trinity College Dublin
1448:Butt's speech on the union in 1874
1354:
1165:
481:, and he founded the conservative
14:
1882:
1427:National Portrait Gallery, London
1416:
1292:(Routledge, 2002) pp. 73–97.
1216:. Phoenix Press. pp. 30–31.
594:Irish Home Government Association
573:, but chose to sit for Youghal).
471:. Whilst there he co-founded the
392:concepts. As editor he made the
1771:Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
1457:Parliament of the United Kingdom
748:
693:
467:, and president of the (extern)
1816:Politicians from County Donegal
1407:(Irish home rule league, 1874)
1139:
1136:, pp. 121–122, Part Three.
492:
447:in the Laggan district of East
1861:19th-century Irish politicians
1796:Irish political party founders
1321:. Ireland: The History Press.
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861:
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686:, who in turn was replaced by
592:In 1870 Butt then founded the
513:led him to move from being an
1:
1821:Protestant Irish nationalists
961:. 27 December 1913. p. 6
829:
639:(then a senior member of the
435:, and was descended from the
399:
380:. He portrayed a federalised
1786:Irish Conservative Party MPs
1340:(MacGibbon & Kee, 1964).
1203:Victorian Periodicals Review
885:Victorian Periodicals Review
7:
1866:Lawyers from County Donegal
1197:, Weidenfeld & Nicolson
821:Possunt Quia Posse Videntur
792:Coat of arms of Isaac Butt
561:from 1852 to 1865, and for
428:family, being the son of a
388:theories and favoured some
362:Home Government Association
280:Home Government Association
10:
1887:
1871:19th-century Irish lawyers
1112:, p. 84, endnote 196.
733:) and the future Catholic
565:from 1871 to 1879 (at the
474:Dublin University Magazine
469:College Historical Society
394:Dublin University Magazine
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1670:Irish Parliamentary Party
1668:
1645:Irish National Federation
1643:
1618:
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1536:Daniel Fitzgerald Gabbett
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1511:Member of Parliament for
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1472:Member of Parliament for
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1462:
1455:
1397:(Hodges and Smith, 1846)
1364:(1870) a primary source;
1298:Religion & Literature
1282:129.537 (2014): 332-361.
1280:English Historical Review
843:English Historical Review
779:Stars and Stripes trilogy
702:He died on 5 May 1879 in
609:Irish Parliamentary Party
545:He began his career as a
525:political system for the
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1338:Isaac Butt and home rule
845:129.537 (2014): 332-361.
769:Butt briefly appears in
479:Irish Conservative Party
437:O'Donnells of Tyrconnell
287:Irish Conservative Party
48:Isaac Butt, portrait by
1629:Charles Stewart Parnell
1610:Charles Stewart Parnell
1500:Francis William Russell
1423:Portraits of Isaac Butt
1317:Stanford, Jane (2011).
1236:Charles Stewart Parnell
1212:Jackson, Alvin (2003).
1193:Doran, Michael (2003),
1172:Burke, Bernard (2009).
954:The Monitor and New Era
929:George Dames Burtchaell
786:
688:Charles Stewart Parnell
617:Charles Stewart Parnell
615:cause. In the meantime
138:Francis William Russell
1466:Thomas Chisholm Anstey
1344:White, Terence de Vere
1265:69.1 (2010): 210–231.
461:Trinity College Dublin
344:, editor, politician,
303:Trinity College Dublin
192:Thomas Chisholm Anstey
1620:Irish National League
1541:Richard O'Shaughnessy
1527:Richard O'Shaughnessy
871:135 (1983): 120-137.
739:Edward Thomas O'Dwyer
655:he took his cue from
651:When Parnell entered
567:1852 general election
485:newspaper. He became
158:Richard O'Shaughnessy
121:Richard O'Shaughnessy
111:Serving with
1791:Irish King's Counsel
1776:Home Rule League MPs
1490:Joseph Neale McKenna
1385:(J. Falconer, 1866)
1374:(J. Falconer, 1867)
1255:22.1 (1960): 72–95.
1205:20.2 (1987): 43–56.
971:NewspaperArchive.com
933:Thomas Ulick Sadleir
729:(father of the poet
637:Joseph Gillis Biggar
623:in a by-election in
555:Member of Parliament
378:Act of Union of 1800
346:Member of Parliament
241:5 May 1879 (aged 65)
204:Joseph Neale McKenna
165:Member of Parliament
93:Member of Parliament
1238:, Fontana/Collins,
887:20.2 (1987): 43-56.
793:
764:John O'Connor Power
657:John O'Connor Power
1348:The Road of Excess
1253:Review of Politics
1178:. Heritage Books.
791:
735:Bishop of Limerick
665:war in Afghanistan
647:Declined influence
551:Dublin Corporation
537:Society in court.
459:, before going to
61:1st Leader of the
1748:
1747:
1740:Roderick O'Connor
1581:Nationalist Party
1547:
1546:
1533:Succeeded by
1517:1871–1879
1487:Succeeded by
1336:Thornley, David.
1328:978-1-84588-698-1
1185:978-0-7884-3719-9
1040:, pp. 30–31.
1001:, pp. 25–26.
827:
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774:alternate history
727:John Butler Yeats
720:Church of Ireland
503:Irish nationalist
465:elected a Scholar
430:Church of Ireland
426:Ulster Protestant
364:in 1870, and the
354:Irish nationalist
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50:John Butler Yeats
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1836:UK MPs 1857–1859
1831:UK MPs 1852–1857
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541:Political career
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507:Daniel O'Connell
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441:The Royal School
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214:Personal details
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1350:, Dublin, 1946.
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716:County Donegal
695:
692:
669:British Empire
648:
645:
549:politician on
542:
539:
515:Irish unionist
494:
491:
406:County Donegal
401:
398:
382:United Kingdom
321:
320:
317:
316:
310:
306:
305:
300:
294:
293:
277:
271:
270:
261:
257:
256:
239:
235:
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227:County Donegal
220:
216:
215:
211:
210:
207:
206:
201:
195:
194:
189:
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172:
171:
161:
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77:
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66:
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58:
57:
54:
53:
47:
39:
38:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1883:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
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1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
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1799:
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1789:
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1784:
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1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1734:Eddie McAteer
1731:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1698:
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1611:
1607:
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1601:
1599:
1595:
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1586:
1582:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1515:
1514:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1410:
1406:
1403:Butt, Isaac.
1402:
1400:
1396:
1392:Butt, Isaac.
1391:
1388:
1384:
1381:Butt, Isaac.
1380:
1377:
1373:
1370:Butt, Isaac.
1369:
1367:
1363:
1360:Butt, Isaac.
1359:
1358:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1275:(2010): 375+.
1274:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1245:0-00-635324-X
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1223:0-75381-767-5
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1215:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1148:
1142:
1135:
1134:Stanford 2011
1130:
1124:, p. 31.
1123:
1118:
1111:
1110:Stanford 2011
1106:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1082:
1075:
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1063:
1058:
1051:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1012:
1007:
1000:
995:
988:. p. 15.
987:
980:
972:
960:
956:
955:
950:
944:
942:
934:
930:
926:
924:
917:
910:
905:
898:
893:
886:
880:
874:
870:
864:
858:(2010): 375+.
857:
851:
844:
838:
834:
820:
817:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
797:
796:
795:
781:
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772:
768:
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761:
757:
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749:In literature
746:
742:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
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713:
709:
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694:Personal life
691:
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685:
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678:
677:Barry O'Brien
674:
670:
666:
661:
658:
654:
644:
642:
638:
633:
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626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
590:
588:
587:P. F. Johnson
584:
579:
578:Fenian Rising
574:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:
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466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
397:
395:
391:
390:welfare state
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:Great Britain
371:
367:
363:
360:in 1836, the
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
340:
335:
331:
327:
318:
315:
311:
307:
304:
301:
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288:
281:
278:
272:
265:
262:
258:
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245:
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236:
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228:
221:
217:
212:
208:
205:
202:
196:
193:
190:
184:
178:
173:
170:
166:
162:
159:
155:
152:
146:
143:
139:
136:
130:
122:
114:
106:
101:
98:
94:
90:
87:
84:
78:
72:
67:
64:
59:
55:
51:
45:
40:
35:
31:
22:
19:
1679:John Redmond
1635:John Redmond
1604:William Shaw
1597:
1529:, from 1874
1522:George Gavin
1520:
1510:
1505:George Gavin
1471:
1436:
1404:
1393:
1382:
1371:
1361:
1347:
1337:
1318:
1304:(2): 59–78.
1301:
1297:
1289:
1279:
1272:
1262:
1252:
1235:
1213:
1202:
1194:
1174:
1151:. Retrieved
1141:
1129:
1122:Jackson 2003
1117:
1105:
1100:, p. 86
1098:Lyons (1978)
1093:
1086:Lyons (1978)
1081:
1076:, p. 55
1074:Lyons (1978)
1069:
1064:, p. 49
1062:Lyons (1978)
1057:
1052:, p. 46
1050:Lyons (1978)
1045:
1038:Jackson 2003
1033:
1028:, p. 42
1026:Lyons (1978)
1006:
994:
985:
979:
969:– via
963:. Retrieved
952:
920:
916:
904:
892:
884:
879:
868:
863:
855:
850:
842:
837:
777:
755:
743:
724:
701:
699:parliament.
697:
684:William Shaw
681:
662:
650:
629:
625:County Meath
598:
591:
575:
544:
511:Great Famine
496:
493:Legal career
483:Ulster Times
482:
472:
403:
393:
325:
324:
291:(until 1870)
276:affiliations
199:Succeeded by
176:
149:Succeeded by
142:George Gavin
113:George Gavin
104:
86:William Shaw
81:Succeeded by
70:
18:
1766:1879 deaths
1761:1813 births
1728:Joe Stewart
1685:John Dillon
1660:John Dillon
1441:1803–2005:
986:Irish Times
965:3 September
925:(1593–1860)
897:Spence 1996
731:W. B. Yeats
673:John Dillon
632:Westminster
576:The failed
457:County Cork
268:(from 1873)
187:Preceded by
133:Preceded by
125:(from 1874)
1755:Categories
1710:Joe Devlin
1691:Joe Devlin
1598:Isaac Butt
999:Doran 2003
909:Burke 2009
869:Hermathena
830:References
811:Escutcheon
760:May Laffan
754:The novel
712:Stranorlar
704:Clonskeagh
653:Parliament
621:Parliament
422:Ballybofey
400:Early life
326:Isaac Butt
309:Occupation
298:Alma mater
244:Clonskeagh
25:Isaac Butt
1524:, to 1874
690:in 1880.
627:in 1875.
553:. He was
519:Orangeman
499:barrister
451:, and at
386:Ricardian
342:barrister
283:(1870–73)
181:1852–1865
177:In office
117:(to 1874)
109:1871–1879
105:In office
71:In office
1513:Limerick
1310:40059665
1234:(1978),
756:Hogan MP
708:Strabane
563:Limerick
414:province
224:Glenfin,
97:Limerick
1474:Youghal
1438:Hansard
1425:at the
1395:Subject
1153:28 June
776:novels
613:Liberal
571:Harwich
559:Youghal
535:Fenians
523:federal
517:and an
505:leader
449:Donegal
418:Ireland
370:Ireland
348:in the
169:Youghal
1738:1969:
1732:1964:
1726:1958:
1720:1945:
1714:1934:
1708:1922:
1689:1918:
1683:1918:
1677:1900:
1658:1896:
1652:1891:
1633:1891:
1627:1882:
1608:1880:
1602:1879:
1596:1873:
1519:With:
1409:online
1399:online
1387:online
1376:online
1366:online
1325:
1308:
1284:online
1267:online
1257:online
1242:
1220:
1207:online
1182:
959:London
873:online
583:Fenian
445:Raphoe
433:rector
410:Ulster
249:Dublin
1306:JSTOR
818:Motto
805:Crest
799:Notes
710:, to
339:Irish
332:
32:
1483:1865
1479:1852
1323:ISBN
1240:ISBN
1218:ISBN
1180:ISBN
1155:2022
967:2019
787:Arms
557:for
547:Tory
238:Died
219:Born
167:for
95:for
1538:and
1502:and
758:by
641:IRB
455:in
443:in
416:in
408:in
372:to
1757::
1481:–
1346:,
1302:28
1300:.
1018:^
957:.
951:.
940:^
927:,
737:,
589:.
334:MP
330:QC
34:MP
30:QC
1572:e
1565:t
1558:v
1411:.
1389:.
1378:.
1331:.
1312:.
1226:.
1188:.
1157:.
973:.
931:/
899:.
782:.
766:.
251:,
246:,
229:,
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