Irish Republic - Knowledge

573: 144: 1360: 1657:" also came to be used for the same post, especially during President de Valera's tour of the United States. On 26 August 1921, de Valera had the Dáil appoint him to the new post of "President of the Republic", so that he would be regarded as the head of state in the forthcoming Treaty negotiations. This was to assert the claim that the negotiations were between two sovereign states (Ireland's view), and not that it was between the British government and local politicians (Britain's view). After de Valera's resignation in January 1922, his successors Griffith and Cosgrave called themselves "President of Dáil Éireann". 478: 3888: 2092:

contained. In particular the anti-Treaty faction objected to the continued role in the Irish constitution that would be granted to the British monarch under the Irish Free State. When the Dáil ratified the Treaty its opponents mostly walked out, arguing that the Dáil was attempting to 'destroy' the Irish Republic, and that its members had no right to do so. After the Irish electorate voted in a majority of pro-Treaty candidates to the Dáil, Éamon de Valera declared that "the people have no right to do wrong."

1817:' outlined in January 1918 did not, however, promise that all colonies would be decolonised on demand at the end of the war, but that a colonial population's claim for arbitration would have "equal weight" with any claim by its government. In declaring independence unilaterally for the whole island, the new republic had denied "equal weight" to the wishes of Britain or the Irish loyalists. Having misunderstood or misread this part of Wilson's formula, the Dáil still required his support against his main ally. 1110: 1331: 1307: 114: 5997: 2737: 760: 1964: 1896:

for a settlement. He had been invited as: "the chosen leader of the great majority in Southern Ireland", but tried to extend this to a British recognition of the republic. Lloyd George made it clear to him, 'that the achievement of a republic through negotiation was impossible'. In August, in preparation for the formalities, de Valera had the Dáil upgrade his status from prime minister to full President of the Republic. As a head of state he then accredited

100: 503: 1288: 1379: 572: 1900:, an accreditation approved by the Dáil. This accreditation gave them the legal ability to sign a treaty without waiting for approval from the Republic's cabinet, some of whose members were among the envoys. However, the British view was that they were not envoys, and they recognised them only as elected members of parliament representing those Irish people who wanted independence in one form or another. 1673:" to reflect their status as the national army of the declared republic. Despite being theoretically under the command of the Dáil's Ministry, in practice individual IRA columns enjoyed a high level of autonomy, subject to H.Q. in Dublin. Arrangements were made in August 1920 for the volunteers to swear an oath of allegiance to the Dáil. 1152:(party conference), where it was agreed that the party would pursue the establishment of an independent republic in the short term, until the Irish people could be given the opportunity to decide on the form of government they preferred. This agreement was subject to the condition that if the people chose monarchy, no member of the 2583:"Official Memorandum in support of Ireland's demand for recognition as a sovereign independent state. Presented to Georges Clemenceau and the members of the Paris Peace Conference by Sean T O'Ceallaigh and George Gavan Duffy from O Ceallaigh Gavan Duffy to George Clemenceau - June 1919. - Documents on IRISH FOREIGN POLICY" 1091:. De Valera replied that it meant 'Free State'. Lloyd George asked, "What is your Irish word for Republic?" After what Churchill characterized as some delay and no reply from de Valera, Lloyd George commented: "Must we not admit that the Celts never were Republicans and have no native word for such an idea?" 1750:

The main function of the Dáil courts was in resolving civil cases and very rarely dealt with criminal matters. The cabinet met frequently, though necessarily in secret, and dealt with everyday matters as well as the conduct of the war. The Dáil sat for 21 days before the Truce of July 1921, and more

1895:

The Truce signed between representatives of the Dáil and Britain was agreed on 9 July 1921, to become effective from noon on 11 July. This marked the end of the Irish War of Independence. On 14 July 1921 Éamon de Valera met David Lloyd George in London for the first time to find some common ground

2113:

elected in June 1922, as the Second Dáil had not met to dissolve itself formally (though the "declaration of election" on 19 May, which gave dates for nominations and the election, was not opposed at the time). Anti-Treaty Republicans considered the Third Dáil, and all future institutions arising

2105:

of the IRA which decided in early 1922 that it, and no longer the Dáil, was the only body loyal to the republic. In August 1920 it had sworn allegiance to both the Dáil and the republic, and felt that the Dáil had broken its oath when it voted to approve the Treaty. Arguments about abandoning the

2091:

during 1922 and 1923, the Irish Republic has been an important symbol for radical republicans, amongst others. The Civil War began in June 1922 when both Sinn Féin and the IRA split between those pragmatists, who supported the Treaty, and the hardline republicans who opposed the compromises it

1881:

took the opportunity of the two general elections in May 1921, one in the north and one in the south, to seek a renewed mandate for the Republic. No contests resulted in the south, with all seats returning the nominated Sinn Féin candidate apart from Dublin University. The new Northern Ireland

1714:

The Irish Republic had some of the attributes of a functioning state; a ministry (with a head of state in the latter stages), a parliament, a courts system, a police force and a constitution. The extent to which these functioned fluctuated in different parts of the island, with the success or

1876:

which was intended to be an embryonic all-Ireland single parliament. The proposal was greeted with mild enthusiasm among Irish Unionists in the new Northern Ireland, who had never sought their own home rule, but was rejected by a combination of Irish Republicans, Irish Nationalists and Irish

1250:

The decision to establish a republic in 1919, rather than any other form of government, was significant because it amounted to a complete repudiation of all constitutional ties with Great Britain, and set the party against any compromise that might involve initial self-government under the

2149:. The PIRA conducted a campaign of bombings and shootings in Northern Ireland from the late 1960s until 1998, and its political wing, the modern Sinn Féin party, used to insist that the Irish Republic was still legally in existence, with the Provisional IRA as its national army, and the 1690:

of disputes, provided the parties agreed to it, and as the Dáil Courts were initially described as arbitration panels it was impossible to outlaw them. In other cases the Dáil Courts proved more popular because of the speed and efficiency of their functioning, compared to the local

2136:

Nonetheless, a hard-line minority continued to reject the legitimacy of the Free State and its successor, the Republic of Ireland. In 1938, a group calling itself the Executive Council of the Second Dáil delegated its self-declared authority to the IRA Army Council. The

2477:

Under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland was to be the chief executive of both Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. Later, when Southern Ireland was replaced by the Irish Free State, the Lord Lieutenancy was abolished and replaced by a

1255:

or continued membership of the British Empire. One obstacle to this decision—that the Unionists of the north-east had long indicated that they would never participate in any form of a republic—was left unresolved, the six north-eastern counties remaining part of the

1719:

and Auxiliaries, active from June 1920 to July 1921. The more brutal the 'Tans' the more they alienated the local populace from the Dublin Castle administration and Assize courts and the greater success the republican alternatives had. Some measures such as the

2002:. In contrast, the Republic's Ministry continued with Arthur Griffith as President of the Republic following de Valera's resignation. However the two administrations were progressively merged until in August, following the deaths of both Griffith and Collins, 1584:

In April 1919, the ministry was increased in size to not more than nine ministers. In August 1921, it was changed again with the title President of the Republic used, suggesting a position of head of state. A ministry of six was created. These were:

1923:

Each side in the 1921 negotiations used sufficiently elastic language to enable the Republic's delegates to suggest that what was taking place was inter-state negotiations, while allowing the British Government to suggest that it was an internal

1946:, to reflect the belief in British constitutional law that Ireland already possessed a home rule parliament. In reality the House of Commons had the same membership (bar four) as the Dáil, though anti-Treaty members of the House stayed away. 2037:

The goal of those who established the Irish Republic was to create an independent republic comprising the whole island of Ireland. They failed in this goal, but the Irish Republic paved the way for the creation of the Irish Free State, a

1685:

administered by IRA officers, which at first operated in parallel with the British judicial system, and gradually came to supersede it as public opinion swung against the British in some parts of the island. British law allowed for the

2560: 1243:. This ambush had not been ordered by the Dáil, but the course of events soon drove the Dáil to recognise the Volunteers as the army of the Irish Republic, and so the Soloheadbeg incident became the opening incident of the undeclared 1101:: "The only doubt in de Valera's mind, as he explained to Lloyd George, arose from the current dispute among Gaelic purists whether the idea Republic was better conveyed by the broader 'Saorstát' or the more abstract 'Poblacht'." 1824:

was also not invited to Versailles. Although armistices were holding, World War I was technically unfinished until the treaties ending it were signed, starting with Germany on 28 June 1919. The British view was that the 69 new

2530: 2145:(PIRA) split with the original IRA in December 1969 and afterward claimed that it was the sole legitimate representative of the Irish Republic. It based its claim, in part, on the support of Second Dáil member 1808:

The issue of recognition raises the question of how much the new Dáil, particularly de Valera, fully appreciated the developing relationship between the victorious powers following the war. Wilson had promised

1950:

Finally, the two structures of government (the British government's administration in Dublin Castle and the Republic's) began a process of convergence, to cover the year until the coming into force of the new

1735:), the Republican Police and Dáil courts reached their zenith, and senior barristers who had qualified within the British courts system also represented defendants in the Dáil Courts. But even after the 1144:

organisation, which had favoured the establishment of a form of dual monarchy between Ireland and Britain, had not taken part in the Rising. In 1917, Griffith's Sinn Féin and republicans under

2552: 1820:

The obvious problem was that the Irish Republic's Declaration of Independence of January 1919 was hostile to Britain, which was one of the four main powers arranging terms at Versailles. The

1247:

between the Volunteers and Great Britain. Breen later recalled: "Treacy had stated to me that the only way of starting a war was to kill someone, so we intended to kill some of the police."

2095:

Opponents of the Treaty refused to recognise either the Provisional Government or, when it was established, the Irish Free State, insisting that the Irish Republic continued to exist as a

2360: 2006:

assumed both leadership positions simultaneously and so the two most important offices effectively became one, producing a unique constitutional hybrid; a crown-appointed prime minister

1990:

came into being, but the Irish Republic was not dismantled; its institutions continued to operate in parallel with those of the provisional authority. Michael Collins was designated as

1754:

Support for the Republic, though it ebbed and flowed constantly during the war, was strongest in the south of the country. The claim to authority of the Irish Republic was rejected in

2522: 916:

was set up under the terms of the treaty, but the Irish Republic nominally remained in existence until 6 December 1922, when 26 of the island's 32 counties became a self-governing

3077: 1939:

passed by the United Kingdom, to satisfy British constitutional theory that a treaty had been negotiated between His Majesty's Government and His Majesty's subjects in Ireland;

1991: 2125:, chief-of-staff of the IRA, issued the order to "dump arms", and Éamon de Valera issued his address to the "Legion of the Rearguard". Éamon de Valera continued as president 2029:

On 6 December 1922, the Constitution of the Irish Free State came into effect and the institutions of both the Irish Republic and the Provisional Government ceased to exist.

5964: 1739:, when the Tans had stopped their activities, the continuing effectiveness of the Dáil courts and police was seen to be patchy. This was in part due to standing down the 1125:. By this declaration, they claimed to establish an independent state called the "Irish Republic", and proclaimed that the leaders of the rebellion would serve as the " 517: 143: 936:, which had been partitioned so as to create and ensure a unionist majority, exercised their right under the treaty to opt out of the Free State, and remain in the 1782:

refused to raise the Irish case at the conference as he did not want to antagonise the British. Finally in June "Ireland's demand for recognition" was conveyed to

4815: 1044:

has fallen out of use as a translation of "republic". After the Irish state had changed its name to "Ireland", in 1949 the description of the state was declared "

5912: 4835: 2765: 820: 6056: 3727: 4932: 1727:

At the height of the Irish War of Independence, as atrocities committed by the Black and Tans reached such a scale as to result in the burning of the city of

6026: 1882:

parliament in Belfast first sat on 7 June 1921 with a large Ulster Unionist majority and, while it did not formally recognise the Republic, its premier, Sir

1905:

to ascertain how the association of Ireland with the community of nations known as the British Empire can best be reconciled with Irish national aspirations

6051: 3070: 1611: 5917: 3046:

1922 marks the secession of the majority of Ireland from the United Kingdom rather than the creation of a new state. Official name was changed in 1927.

1527:). He in turn appointed the ministers. According to the original version of the constitution enacted in January 1919, there were to be four ministers: 4928: 2919: 6076: 6071: 2010:

a president of a republic. Both parliaments, the Second Dáil and the House of Commons, were replaced by a joint parliament known variously as the

1695:

courts. They proved unable to deal with violent crimes but acquired a good reputation with farmers, particularly in dealing harshly with cases of

5774: 1840:

The Irish Republic was never recognised by the British government. Because its original contents were not seen as workable, the government under

1175:. Sinn Féin candidates won a large majority of the seats: 73 out of 105, 25 of them uncontested. On 21 January 1919, 27 of them gathered in the 3063: 4994: 3209: 2500: 2710: 2611:

Penguin Books, London, 4th reprint (1983), pp. 257–258. The draft treaty was published for propaganda purposes in the 1921 British document

2444: 5946: 3409: 1821: 1790: 1126: 788: 2141:

ultimately ceased military operations against Ireland in 1948, but continued to consider itself the legitimate government of Ireland. The

6021: 5113: 4537: 4449: 3372: 2974: 2303: 2212: 1925: 1257: 831: 661: 483: 85: 72: 2251: 6066: 5960: 3720: 2121:

The anti-Treaty side was then defeated in the Civil War. Most militant opposition to the Free State came to an end on 24 May 1923 when

1058: 4881: 4759: 3783: 3229: 2657: 2632: 1774:, to win international recognition failed. O'Kelly had already established the Republic's "embassy" in Paris in April 1919, and Dr. 1650: 5779: 4415: 2049:

with the self-designation 'Ireland'. The principle of an all-island Republic remains a central aspiration of at least three of the

1987: 913: 1715:

otherwise of republican institutions depending both on the degree of control of the IRA in the region and on the brutality of the

6061: 5951: 4975: 4764: 2171:. Continuity IRA based their claims in part on the support they received from the last surviving anti-treaty Second Dáil member, 1167:

which included the statement: "Sinn Féin aims at securing the establishment of that Republic". It also said it would boycott the

1936:

passed by Dáil Éireann, to satisfy the belief in the Republic's supporters that it was a state and its parliament was sovereign;

6041: 5125: 5009: 4669: 3219: 2333: 1596: 1557: 431: 1837:

had been signed off, involving Sinn Féin as the representatives of the majority, whether or not it had proclaimed a republic.

1481: 5927: 4958: 3713: 3694: 3086: 2912: 2690: 2423:

Peace by Ordeal: : An Account, from First-hand Sources, of the Negotiation and Signature of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, 1921

2245: 1206: 1005: 851: 3522: 6036: 5829: 5212: 5098: 3467: 2840: 2421: 2023: 1995: 1976: 1943: 1422: 1094: 1078: 2407: 1877:

Unionists who were not in Northern Ireland. While rejecting the right of the British parliament to legislate for Ireland,

5167: 5080: 5037: 4337: 3979: 2050: 1883: 898: 1209:. Because of the Easter Proclamation of 1916, the Dáil retrospectively established the Irish Republic from Easter 1916. 5932: 5696: 5599: 5093: 5004: 4779: 4582: 4542: 4530: 4525: 4513: 4441: 4021: 3776: 3617: 3422: 3135: 2755: 2750: 2070: 1180: 1122: 977: 679: 622: 617: 612: 607: 379: 356: 4789: 4508: 4351: 3841: 3612: 3537: 3125: 2804: 2789: 2385: 2206: 2142: 1979:

in October 1922 the Dáil agreed to the replacement of the Republic with the system of constitutional monarchy of the

827: 736: 602: 392: 5955: 4979: 4611: 4554: 4494: 3502: 3177: 2905: 1168: 781: 597: 1778:

set one up in Washington, D.C. at the same time. Despite heavy lobbying from prominent Irish-Americans, President

5592: 5219: 4665: 3668: 3663: 3552: 2586: 1129:" until it became possible to elect a national parliament. The Easter Rising was short-lived, largely limited to 25: 1359: 418: 173: 5224: 5120: 4794: 4774: 4729: 4427: 4070: 3417: 3164: 2297: 1865: 1853: 1845: 1654: 1606: 1601: 1591: 1569: 1545: 1533: 1518: 1485: 1469: 1465: 1279: 1261: 1163:, candidates of the radical Sinn Féin party—including many who had participated in the 1916 rebellion—issued a 1070: 929: 731: 275: 1856:'s 1918 proposals, and in December 1920 they enacted the Government of Ireland Act 1920. This allowed for two 5202: 4911: 4825: 4213: 1616: 1508: 882: 746: 2355: 6031: 5859: 5177: 5103: 4953: 4886: 4810: 4684: 4641: 4408: 3737: 3643: 3587: 3527: 2479: 2066: 1453: 701: 113: 5197: 4570: 4174: 3834: 3342: 2082: 1767: 1639:

Initially, partly because of the division between republicans and monarchists, the Irish Republic had no

1477: 1445: 1160: 874: 774: 741: 683: 552: 2396: 1892:

recognition of de Valera's position, but also recognition by de Valera that Craig could not be ignored.

1164: 5902: 5541: 5207: 4901: 4376: 4358: 4309: 4118: 4111: 2198: 1449: 20:

This article is about the revolutionary Irish Republic (1916, 1919–1922). For the modern republic, see

1932:, when signed on 6 December, was similarly put through three processes to satisfy both sides. It was: 6046: 5609: 5465: 5185: 4999: 4921: 4906: 4891: 4739: 4674: 4636: 4626: 4616: 4476: 3947: 3452: 3154: 2855: 2493:"MINISTERIAL MOTIONS. - PROHIBITION OF EMIGRATION. – Dáil Éireann (1st Dáil) – Friday, 6 August 1920" 1027: 902: 873:

party to campaign for a republic. The party won a clear majority of largely uncontested seats in the

627: 405: 5627: 1833:), and that an Irish settlement would be arranged after the more important treaties with the former 5854: 4984: 4598: 4330: 4007: 3933: 2810: 2760: 1740: 1415: 1213: 949: 711: 3477: 2492: 1517:

in Irish). The Ministry was answerable to the Dáil which elected its head, known initially as the

1330: 1306: 5922: 5871: 5587: 5339: 5088: 4948: 4754: 4699: 4689: 4656: 4489: 4401: 3972: 3804: 3689: 3357: 3214: 2928: 2702: 2436: 2326:"CAIN: Democratic Dialogue: With all due respect - pluralism and parity of esteem (Report No. 7)" 2039: 1830: 1703: 1031: 890: 721: 592: 2154: 2129:. In March 1926, de Valera, along with most anti-Treaty politicians, founded a new party called 5942: 5819: 5445: 4965: 4820: 4709: 4660: 4000: 3811: 3557: 823: 716: 265: 157: 2287: 2192: 1829:

members of parliament had chosen not to take their seats at Westminster (to the relief of the

1766:

Efforts by President de Valera in the United States and by the Republic's "ambassador" at the

5604: 5575: 5108: 4380: 4104: 3907: 3627: 3100: 2997: 2820: 2678: 2235: 2138: 1744: 1670: 1228: 1176: 32: 1771: 16:

Revolutionary state that declared its independence from the United Kingdom (1916, 1919–1922)

5974: 5741: 5512: 5489: 5274: 5160: 5014: 4989: 4858: 4679: 4651: 3362: 3347: 3267: 3262: 3169: 2168: 2019: 1625: 1496: 1461: 1153: 954:

In English, the revolutionary state was to be known as the "Irish Republic". Two different

925: 842:, and British state forces maintained a presence across much of the north-east, as well as 726: 4227: 3542: 2653: 1492: 99: 8: 5849: 5751: 5647: 5535: 5380: 5070: 5060: 4970: 4646: 4503: 4484: 4438: 4270: 3986: 3769: 3597: 3447: 3242: 3020: 2962: 2937: 2629: 2046: 1724:

Decree of 6 August 1920 prohibiting emigration without a permit were violently enforced.

1408: 1195:(deported by the foreign enemy). Thirty-seven others were recorded as not being present ( 1045: 839: 650: 587: 535: 254: 21: 5676: 1081:) on 14 July 1921, at which Churchill was present. Lloyd George was a native speaker of 5876: 5809: 5804: 5731: 5714: 5632: 5319: 5314: 5247: 4876: 4744: 4694: 4631: 4606: 4602: 4520: 4464: 4316: 4188: 4160: 4125: 3862: 3790: 3673: 3312: 3287: 3237: 3183: 3110: 3032: 2968: 1972: 1929: 1873: 1841: 1810: 1783: 1755: 1743:(RIC) in early 1922 before a new police force was ready to operate; in the interim the 1736: 1265: 1252: 1224: 1074: 912:, signed on 6 December 1921 and narrowly approved by Dáil Éireann on 7 January 1922. A 909: 655: 561: 1337: 1313: 1145: 1066: 881:(legislature) of Ireland in Dublin on 21 January 1919. Republicans then established a 854:

was able to influence the population in urban areas that it did not directly control.

318: 5907: 5837: 5557: 5419: 5284: 5190: 5140: 5055: 4916: 4830: 3954: 3572: 3427: 3322: 3297: 3272: 2800: 2785: 2686: 2381: 2293: 2241: 2202: 2042: 1491:

At its first meeting the Dáil adopted a brief, provisional constitution known as the

1378: 1350: 1287: 1062: 862: 230: 5413: 5150: 4323: 3653: 3492: 3055: 2325: 1148:

came together to form the new Sinn Féin Party. A compromise was reached at the 1917

1133:

and, at the time it occurred, enjoyed little support from the Irish general public.

5766: 5746: 5567: 5522: 4896: 4577: 4559: 4446: 4167: 4035: 3876: 3352: 3307: 3193: 3173: 3105: 3026: 2980: 2941: 2850: 2150: 1980: 1952: 1861: 1849: 1775: 1666: 1232: 1221: 1202: 1023: 933: 921: 917: 894: 674: 510: 496: 212: 133: 4206: 3532: 1872:

parliaments, with a shared chief executive, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and a

1212:

On the same day as the Declaration of Independence was issued, two members of the

5866: 5794: 5789: 5619: 5497: 5424: 5065: 4749: 4724: 4248: 4077: 4063: 4014: 3993: 3887: 3869: 3396: 3388: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3302: 3292: 3282: 3247: 3188: 2654:"Official Correspondence relating to the Peace Negotiations June-September, 1921" 2636: 2364: 2088: 2045:

with self-government. By 1937, under a new constitution, the Free State became a

1999: 1814: 1366: 1244: 1137: 1085:

and a noted Welsh linguist, and as such was interested in the literal meaning of

366: 330: 234: 105: 4049: 2892: 1963: 6001: 5897: 5736: 5724: 5502: 4565: 4499: 4302: 4241: 4234: 4153: 4132: 3919: 3818: 3705: 3648: 3567: 3317: 3277: 3257: 3149: 2956: 2875: 2830: 2777: 2742: 2158: 2003: 1834: 1779: 1716: 1696: 1385: 1082: 1035: 970:, based on two alternative Irish translations of the word "republic". The word 955: 937: 806: 764: 645: 539: 449: 342: 226: 208: 56: 3547: 3507: 3487: 3143: 2130: 2115: 2054: 1682: 1669:

who, in the course of the War of Independence, who were formally renamed the "

1457: 1444:

assembly formed by the majority of Irish Members of Parliament elected in the

1240: 1109: 886: 850:

and other major towns. The republic was strongest in rural areas, and through

6015: 5552: 5385: 5259: 4734: 4719: 4344: 4220: 4139: 4028: 3940: 3903: 3755: 3562: 3497: 3380: 3252: 3159: 3115: 2616: 1640: 1441: 1294: 1118: 858: 306: 262: 259: 188: 175: 119: 3592: 3517: 3139: 2110: 2106:

republic had, however, been very fully discussed during the Treaty Debates.

2011: 1721: 1702:

The enforcement of law and the decrees of the Dáil Courts was vested in the

1473: 878: 834:

in January 1919. The Republic claimed jurisdiction over the whole island of

5706: 5642: 5637: 5547: 5530: 5355: 5294: 4784: 4769: 4295: 4277: 4056: 3911: 3658: 3462: 3457: 3432: 1915:" The same invitation was repeated and negotiations started on 11 October. 1813:

for nations and international norms were changing. Article V. of Wilson's '

247: 222: 3855: 3120: 2897: 2703:"DECLARATION OF ELECTION. – Dáil Éireann (2nd Dáil) – Friday, 19 May 1922" 2161:. Until their disbandment, the Provisional IRA continued to use the title 2126: 2062: 1886:, had secretly met with Éamon de Valera in Dublin in May 1921. This was a 1878: 1826: 1747:(IRA), dividing within itself over the Treaty, was the only police force. 1201:), these were mainly from the northern six counties that would later form 1141: 870: 5843: 5756: 5455: 5399: 5360: 4621: 4042: 3622: 3582: 3577: 3482: 3472: 2172: 2146: 2122: 2114:

from it, as illegal, even though some had been elected to sit in it (See

2076: 1728: 1687: 1507:

The Dáil Constitution vested executive authority in a cabinet called the

843: 706: 5937: 5460: 5370: 5334: 5324: 5130: 4146: 3826: 3607: 3602: 3442: 3437: 1852:

in 1917–18. The British cabinet started in September 1919 to work from

1794: 5581: 2582: 5969: 5690: 5474: 5329: 5304: 5279: 4704: 4181: 3797: 3512: 2426:, Frank Pakenham Earl of Longford, New English Library, 1967, page 73 2058: 1869: 1857: 1798: 1236: 1217: 1149: 866: 865:

seized key locations in Dublin and proclaimed an Irish Republic. The

5655: 5375: 1731:(leading to widespread criticism in the United States and from King 5881: 5814: 5479: 5365: 5309: 4714: 3926: 2153:

Ireland's sole legitimate government. This view is still upheld by

1903:

By September, the British called for a conference with the envoys "

1732: 5799: 5784: 5683: 5470: 5450: 4424: 4393: 1681:

The judicial arm of the Irish Republic consisted of a network of

897:, who came under the control of the Dáil and became known as the 835: 242: 1803:… the negotiations were not taken very seriously on either side. 5669: 5662: 5507: 5440: 5299: 3762: 2167:(lit. Volunteers of Ireland), the official Irish title for the 2133:

and ended their boycott of the institutions of the Free State.

2101:

entity. Their line of authority included some TDs but also the

1692: 1172: 1130: 847: 838:, but by 1920 its functional control was limited to only 21 of 167: 998:("state"). Its literal translation was "free state". The term 5719: 5289: 1456:, were treated by nationalists as elections to the Dáil. The 1440:

The central institution of the republic was Dáil Éireann, a

1136:

The leaders of the Easter Rising had proclaimed a republic.

1030:, although this Free State was not a republic but a form of 2640:

Official Correspondence relating to the Peace Negotiations.

1171:

and instead unilaterally establish a new Irish assembly in

5407: 2643:"PART 1. Preliminary Correspondence. 24 June–9 July 1921" 1653:

as "President of the Ministry". Later the English title "

1631:

The Ministry met as often as secrecy and safety allowed.

2022:

this enacted a new constitution with the passage of the

4836:

List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland

2766:

List of historical unrecognized states and dependencies

2412:, Volume 4, Winston Churchill, Thornton, 1929, page 298 1793:

and the Republic of Ireland" was circulated in Dublin.

869:

was crushed, but the survivors united under a reformed

2630:

http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/E900003-007/text001.html

2109:

The anti-treaty faction also refused to recognise the

2077:

Irish Republic in the post-Treaty Republican tradition

1909:

Our nation has formally declared its independence and

1189:(imprisoned by the foreign enemy) and another four as 3085: 1758:-dominated Northern Ireland and south County Dublin. 1004:

is the one used in the Proclamation of 1916, but the

4566:

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

2732: 1649:, literally "prime minister" but referred to in the 1665:The military branch of the Irish Republic were the 1643:. The Republic's leader was known initially as the 1183:. Thirty-five other members were recorded as being 2378:On the Easter Proclamation: And Other Declarations 2289:The Celtic Revolution: A Study in Anti-imperialism 4929:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland 2051:main political parties in the Republic of Ireland 1495:, as well as a series of basic laws, notably the 1117:In 1916, nationalist rebels participating in the 747:History of the Irish language 6013: 3735: 2285: 1634: 1624:A number of previous cabinet ministers, notably 1499:. It also passed a Declaration of Independence. 302:• 21 January – 1 April 1919 5775:Association football in the Republic of Ireland 2685:p. 47, Cambridge University Press (1989, 1990) 1022:was adopted as the official Irish title of the 2237:The Anglo-Irish War, 1916–1921: A People's War 1789:In June 1920, a "Draft Treaty between the new 1488:", as provided for by the Anglo-Irish Treaty. 1448:. Two further general elections called by the 1113:A retouched copy of the original Proclamation. 986:was a compound word, based on the Irish words 6057:States and territories disestablished in 1922 4409: 3721: 3071: 3027:Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland 2913: 1416: 1271: 901:, fought against British state forces in the 782: 6027:Political history of the Republic of Ireland 2613:Intercourse between Bolshevism and Sinn Fein 1791:Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic 1127:Provisional Government of the Irish Republic 4538:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 2975:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 2927: 2162: 2096: 1926:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1887: 1786:, the Conference Chairman, without effect. 1644: 1573: 1561: 1549: 1537: 1522: 1512: 1196: 1190: 1184: 1086: 1049: 1039: 1017: 1009: 999: 993: 987: 981: 971: 965: 959: 814: 484:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 314:• April 1919 – January 1922 48: 6052:States and territories established in 1919 5961:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland 4416: 4402: 3728: 3714: 3078: 3064: 2920: 2906: 2868:Arthur Mitchell & Pádraig Ó Snodaigh, 2240:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 71. 2067:main political parties in Northern Ireland 1423: 1409: 1026:when it was established at the end of the 789: 775: 142: 2184: 1628:, were demoted to under-secretary level. 1065:gives an account of the first meeting of 1008:and other documents adopted in 1919 used 5780:Association football in Northern Ireland 1962: 1205:. At this meeting, the Dáil adopted the 1108: 6077:Former countries of the interwar period 6072:20th century in the Republic of Ireland 4976:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland 2628:Eamon de Valera and David Lloyd George 2609:The Bolshevik Revolution 1917–23, vol 3 2357:The Irish Experience: A Concise History 2292:. Talybont: Y Lolfa. pp. 101–102. 1676: 1048:", while in Irish it was translated as 976:was newly coined by the writers of the 908:The War of Independence ended with the 148:Territory claimed by the Irish Republic 6014: 2683:Ireland 1912–1985 Politics and Society 2190: 1992:Chairman of the Provisional Government 1907:". De Valera replied on 12 September " 1156:would be invited to serve as monarch. 5245: 5035: 4856: 4462: 4397: 3709: 3210:Brigades of the Irish Republican Army 3059: 2901: 2589:from the original on 18 November 2017 2533:from the original on 10 November 2012 2306:from the original on 27 December 2019 2254:from the original on 24 December 2018 2233: 2215:from the original on 24 December 2019 1918: 2397:An tAcht Phoblacht na hÉireann, 1948 1996:House of Commons of Southern Ireland 1977:Constitution of the Irish Free State 1967:Signatures on the Anglo-Irish Treaty 1944:House of Commons of Southern Ireland 1860:Irelands, partitioning Ireland into 1079:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 2870:Irish Political Documents 1916–1949 2447:from the original on 28 August 2018 2336:from the original on 4 October 2019 1848:enacted in 1914, having called the 1651:English version of the constitution 13: 5005:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland 4780:Economy of the Republic of Ireland 4578:Irish Free State (1922–1937) 4423: 3777:Physical force Irish republicanism 2893:Anglo-Irish Treaty Debates on-line 2825:The Modernisation of Irish Society 2756:History of the Republic of Ireland 2713:from the original on 1 August 2020 2563:from the original on 1 August 2020 2503:from the original on 1 August 2020 1460:comprised members returned in the 1377: 1358: 1329: 1305: 1286: 380:Proclamation of the Irish Republic 14: 6088: 6067:1922 disestablishments in Ireland 4790:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn 3695:Anti-Treaty Irish Republican Army 3087:Irish Republican Army (1919–1922) 2886: 2660:from the original on 23 June 2011 2143:Provisional Irish Republican Army 1868:. Each Ireland was to have a two 1207:Irish Declaration of Independence 338:• August–December 1922 5995: 4959:Tallest buildings and structures 3886: 2880:Ireland in the Twentieth Century 2735: 2523:"SINN FEIN RAIDS HALT EMIGRANTS" 2286:Berresford Ellis, Peter (1985). 2018:, elected on 16 June 1922. As a 1709: 1227:, carried out by members of the 1104: 758: 571: 515: 501: 476: 326:• January–August 1922 283:President of the Irish Republic 112: 98: 3784:Irish in the American Civil War 3669:National Association of Old IRA 3664:Irish Self-Determination League 2771: 2695: 2672: 2646: 2622: 2601: 2575: 2545: 2529:. 20 February 1921. p. 3. 2515: 2485: 2471: 2459: 2429: 2415: 2409:The World Crisis: The Aftermath 1435: 26:Irish Republic (disambiguation) 6062:1919 establishments in Ireland 6022:History of Ireland (1801–1923) 4795:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis 3165:Government of Ireland Act 1920 2751:History of Ireland (1801–1923) 2401: 2390: 2370: 2348: 2318: 2279: 2266: 2227: 1994:, in theory answerable to the 1958: 1761: 1262:Government of Ireland Act 1920 1216:(RIC) escorting a cartload of 930:Government of Ireland Act 1920 1: 6042:Former unrecognized countries 4857: 2234:Kautt, William Henry (1999). 2178: 2024:Irish Free State Constitution 1844:abandoned plans to amend the 1635:Heads of state and government 1097:gives a different account in 857:Its origins date back to the 5860:Northern Ireland flags issue 5036: 4811:List of conflicts in Ireland 4555:Southern Ireland (1921–1922) 4352:The Irish People (newspaper) 3739:Irish Republican Brotherhood 3644:Irish Republican Brotherhood 2553:"Dáil Éireann sittings 1921" 2480:Governor of Northern Ireland 1617:Minister of Economic Affairs 1612:Minister of Local Government 1570:Minister of National Defence 1454:Dublin Castle administration 1123:Proclamation of the Republic 432:Irish Free State established 7: 6037:Former countries in Ireland 5246: 4831:Gaelic clothing and fashion 4463: 3842:Declaration of Independence 3126:Declaration of Independence 2728: 2194:The Resurrection of Ireland 2083:Irish republican legitimism 1768:Versailles Peace Conference 1660: 1597:Minister of Foreign Affairs 1558:Minister of Foreign Affairs 1502: 1342:(Aug 1921 – Jan 1922) 1006:Declaration of Independence 10: 6093: 4377:Irish National Invincibles 4359:United Irishmen of America 4310:Emmet Monument Association 2199:Cambridge University Press 2080: 2047:fully independent republic 1975:on 7 January 1922 and the 1452:, the head of the British 1450:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1272:Institutions of government 947: 932:, and the six counties of 419:Anglo-Irish Treaty adopted 18: 5991: 5890: 5828: 5765: 5705: 5618: 5566: 5521: 5488: 5433: 5398: 5348: 5267: 5258: 5254: 5241: 5176: 5079: 5048: 5044: 5031: 4941: 4869: 4865: 4852: 4803: 4591: 4475: 4471: 4458: 4434: 4368: 4345:Irish Freedom (newspaper) 4287: 4262: 4198: 4096: 4087: 3964: 3948:Irish War of Independence 3895: 3884: 3747: 3682: 3636: 3408: 3371: 3228: 3202: 3155:Irish War of Independence 3093: 3042: 3013: 2990: 2949: 2935: 2864:Ireland: Dupe or Heroine? 2354:Hachey, Thomas E. et al. 2032: 1797:, the historian of early 1655:President of Dáil Éireann 1519:President of Dáil Éireann 1324:President of the Republic 1280:President of Dáil Éireann 1071:President of Dáil Éireann 1028:Irish War of Independence 903:Irish War of Independence 828:declared its independence 664:Great Britain and Ireland 628:Timeline of Irish history 531: 455: 445: 441: 428: 415: 402: 389: 376: 372: 362: 352: 348: 336: 324: 312: 300: 296: 276:President of Dáil Éireann 271: 253: 241: 218: 204: 163: 153: 141: 128: 94: 65: 43: 4331:Friends of Irish Freedom 4278:Francis Frederick Millen 4175:Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa 3934:Fenian dynamite campaign 3423:J. J. "Ginger" O'Connell 2835:Ireland Since the Famine 2815:Modern Ireland 1600–1972 2761:Names of the Irish state 2707:Houses of the Oireachtas 2557:Houses of the Oireachtas 2497:Houses of the Oireachtas 2441:Houses of the Oireachtas 2191:Laffan, Michael (1999). 1741:Royal Irish Constabulary 1602:Minister of Home Affairs 1546:Minister of Home Affairs 1509:Ministry of Dáil Éireann 1214:Royal Irish Constabulary 950:Names of the Irish state 893:. At the same time, the 31:Not to be confused with 5952:Prostitution (Republic) 4119:Edward O'Meagher Condon 4112:Ricard O'Sullivan Burke 3835:Hindu–German Conspiracy 3215:Irish Republican Police 2929:Irish states since 1171 2363:11 January 2020 at the 1751:frequently after that. 1704:Irish Republican Police 1563:Aire Gnóthaí Coigcríoch 1464:for the Parliaments of 1318:(1919 – Aug 1921) 1179:in Dublin to establish 1038:. Since then, the word 1032:constitutional monarchy 943: 4821:List of Irish kingdoms 3812:Irish Race Conventions 3558:George Oliver Plunkett 2163: 2097: 2016:Provisional Parliament 1988:Provisional Government 1968: 1898:envoys plenipotentiary 1888: 1645: 1574: 1562: 1551:Aire Gnóthaí Duthchais 1550: 1538: 1523: 1513: 1482:provisional parliament 1383: 1364: 1335: 1311: 1292: 1197: 1191: 1185: 1114: 1087: 1050: 1040: 1018: 1010: 1000: 994: 988: 982: 972: 966: 960: 924:. The island had been 914:Provisional Government 815: 810: 266:revolutionary republic 49: 24:. For other uses, see 5928:Mass media (Republic) 5872:National coat of arms 4760:IRA Northern Campaign 4381:Phoenix Park killings 4338:Irish Republican Army 4105:Thomas Francis Bourke 3908:Clerkenwell explosion 3628:W.J. Brennan-Whitmore 3363:Belfast Bloody Sunday 2139:Irish Republican Army 1998:and appointed by the 1966: 1913:as a sovereign State. 1745:Irish Republican Army 1671:Irish Republican Army 1478:1922 general election 1446:1918 general election 1381: 1362: 1333: 1309: 1290: 1229:3rd Tipperary Brigade 1192:ar díbirt ag Gallaibh 1161:1918 general election 1112: 948:Further information: 899:Irish Republican Army 875:1918 general election 840:Ireland's 32 counties 742:Economic history 737:British monarchs 393:Independence declared 205:Common languages 137:(Unofficial, popular) 33:Irish Republic (1798) 5850:County coats of arms 5742:List of Irish people 4816:List of Irish tribes 4666:Cromwellian conquest 4652:Plantation of Ulster 4583:Ireland (since 1922) 3358:Coolacrease killings 3348:Carrowkennedy ambush 3343:Custom House burning 3268:Dublin Bloody Sunday 3263:Battle of Ballinalee 3170:Partition of Ireland 2998:Republic of Connacht 2635:3 March 2016 at the 2169:Irish Defence Forces 2155:Republican Sinn Féin 2065:) and of two of the 2020:constituent assembly 1677:Judiciary and police 1626:Constance Markievicz 1497:Democratic Programme 1390:(Aug–Dec 1922) 1371:(Jan–Aug 1922) 1299:(Jan–Apr 1919) 1186:fé ghlas ag Gallaibh 1154:British royal family 1051:Poblacht na hÉireann 1001:Poblacht na hÉireann 961:Poblacht na hÉireann 811:Poblacht na hÉireann 727:Gaelic monarchs 640:Peoples and polities 50:Poblacht na hÉireann 6032:Irish republicanism 5965:in Northern Ireland 5956:in Northern Ireland 5697:Legendary creatures 5610:Traditional singing 5446:Saint Patrick's Day 5081:Republic of Ireland 5010:Tourist attractions 4995:ROI–UK border 4980:of Northern Ireland 4933:in Northern Ireland 4765:IRA Border Campaign 4740:War of Independence 4710:Second Great Famine 4695:Act of Union (1800) 4647:Flight of the Earls 4504:Lordship of Ireland 4439:Republic of Ireland 4271:Thomas Miller Beach 4001:John O'Connor Power 3770:Irish republicanism 3243:Rescue at Knocklong 3021:Confederate Ireland 2963:Lordship of Ireland 2938:Republic of Ireland 2862:Earl of Middleton, 2799:(Hutchinson, 1993) 2784:(Hutchinson, 1990) 2443:. 22 January 1919. 2164:Óglaigh na hÉireann 2069:(Sinn Féin and the 1986:In January 1922, a 1846:Third Home Rule Act 1801:, considered that " 1607:Minister of Defence 1592:Minister of Finance 1534:Minister of Finance 1476:was elected at the 1220:were killed in the 1046:Republic of Ireland 978:Easter Proclamation 852:its military forces 824:revolutionary state 680:Republic of Ireland 651:Lordship of Ireland 536:Republic of Ireland 185: / 158:Revolutionary state 22:Republic of Ireland 6002:Ireland portal 5320:Skirts and kidneys 4826:List of High Kings 4745:Anglo-Irish Treaty 4685:First Great Famine 4670:Settlement of 1652 4642:Tyrone's Rebellion 4632:Desmond Rebellions 4521:Kingdom of Ireland 4317:Fenian Brotherhood 4189:William R. Roberts 4161:Thomas Clarke Luby 3863:Anglo-Irish Treaty 3791:Manchester Martyrs 3478:Gearóid O'Sullivan 3313:Selton Hill ambush 3288:Upton train ambush 3238:Soloheadbeg ambush 3184:Anglo-Irish Treaty 3111:Irish Citizen Army 3033:Patriot Parliament 2969:Kingdom of Ireland 2856:The Irish Republic 2527:The New York Times 1973:Anglo-Irish Treaty 1969: 1930:Anglo-Irish Treaty 1919:Anglo-Irish Treaty 1874:Council of Ireland 1842:David Lloyd George 1831:Conservative Party 1811:self-determination 1784:Georges Clemenceau 1737:Truce of July 1921 1384: 1365: 1336: 1312: 1293: 1266:Anglo-Irish Treaty 1253:Home Rule Act 1914 1225:Soloheadbeg Ambush 1169:British Parliament 1115: 1075:David Lloyd George 958:titles were used: 910:Anglo-Irish Treaty 765:Ireland portal 656:Kingdom of Ireland 285:(from August 1921) 84:Disputed with the 71:Disputed with the 6009: 6008: 5987: 5986: 5983: 5982: 5394: 5393: 5285:Bacon and cabbage 5237: 5236: 5233: 5232: 5104:Foreign relations 5027: 5026: 5023: 5022: 4954:Notable buildings 4848: 4847: 4844: 4843: 4391: 4390: 4258: 4257: 4228:Seán Mac Diarmada 3703: 3702: 3428:Terence MacSwiney 3323:Crossbarry ambush 3298:Coolavokig ambush 3273:Kilmichael ambush 3053: 3052: 2977: (1801–1922) 2691:978-0-521-37741-6 2468:, May 2007, p.56. 2330:cain.ulster.ac.uk 2247:978-0-275-96311-8 1971:By approving the 1911:recognises itself 1493:Dáil Constitution 1433: 1432: 1391: 1372: 1343: 1319: 1300: 1063:Winston Churchill 877:, and formed the 863:Irish republicans 799: 798: 662:United Kingdom of 545: 544: 527: 526: 523: 522: 489: 488: 120:Proclamation flag 6084: 6047:1920s in Ireland 6000: 5999: 5998: 5677:Tuatha Dé Danann 5265: 5264: 5256: 5255: 5243: 5242: 5178:Northern Ireland 5156: 5146: 5136: 5046: 5045: 5033: 5032: 4867: 4866: 4854: 4853: 4730:Home Rule crisis 4560:Northern Ireland 4473: 4472: 4460: 4459: 4447:Northern Ireland 4418: 4411: 4404: 4395: 4394: 4384: 4361: 4354: 4347: 4340: 4333: 4326: 4319: 4312: 4305: 4298: 4280: 4273: 4251: 4244: 4237: 4230: 4223: 4216: 4209: 4191: 4184: 4177: 4170: 4163: 4156: 4149: 4142: 4135: 4128: 4121: 4114: 4107: 4094: 4093: 4080: 4073: 4066: 4059: 4052: 4045: 4038: 4036:Denis McCullough 4031: 4024: 4017: 4010: 4003: 3996: 3989: 3987:J. F. X. O'Brien 3982: 3975: 3957: 3950: 3943: 3936: 3929: 3922: 3915: 3890: 3879: 3877:Irish Free State 3872: 3865: 3858: 3851: 3844: 3837: 3830: 3821: 3814: 3807: 3800: 3793: 3786: 3779: 3772: 3765: 3758: 3742: 3740: 3730: 3723: 3716: 3707: 3706: 3598:Peadar O'Donnell 3453:Erskine Childers 3401: 3393: 3385: 3353:Rathcoole ambush 3308:Clonbanin ambush 3194:Irish Free State 3178:Southern Ireland 3174:Northern Ireland 3106:Irish Volunteers 3080: 3073: 3066: 3057: 3056: 2981:Irish Free State 2950:Governing states 2942:Northern Ireland 2940:(from 1937) and 2922: 2915: 2908: 2899: 2898: 2851:Dorothy Macardle 2795:Tim Pat Coogan, 2745: 2740: 2739: 2738: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2699: 2693: 2676: 2670: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2650: 2644: 2626: 2620: 2605: 2599: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2570: 2568: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2519: 2513: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2489: 2483: 2475: 2469: 2463: 2457: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2433: 2427: 2419: 2413: 2405: 2399: 2394: 2388: 2374: 2368: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2322: 2316: 2315: 2313: 2311: 2283: 2277: 2270: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2231: 2225: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2188: 2166: 2151:IRA Army Council 2100: 1981:Irish Free State 1953:Irish Free State 1891: 1866:Southern Ireland 1862:Northern Ireland 1850:Irish Convention 1776:Patrick McCartan 1667:Irish Volunteers 1648: 1577: 1565: 1553: 1541: 1526: 1516: 1486:Southern Ireland 1470:Southern Ireland 1466:Northern Ireland 1425: 1418: 1411: 1400: 1397:Office abolished 1389: 1370: 1341: 1317: 1298: 1276: 1275: 1264:, and later the 1233:Irish Volunteers 1203:Northern Ireland 1200: 1194: 1188: 1090: 1053: 1043: 1024:Irish Free State 1021: 1019:Saorstát Éireann 1013: 1011:Saorstát Éireann 1003: 997: 991: 985: 975: 969: 967:Saorstát Éireann 963: 934:Northern Ireland 922:Irish Free State 918:British dominion 895:Irish Volunteers 818: 816:Saorstát Éireann 791: 784: 777: 763: 762: 761: 684:Northern Ireland 675:Irish Free State 575: 565: 547: 546: 519: 518: 511:Northern Ireland 505: 504: 497:Irish Free State 493: 492: 480: 479: 473: 472: 457: 456: 286: 280: 279:(to August 1921) 200: 199: 197: 196: 195: 190: 189:53.350°N 6.267°W 186: 183: 182: 181: 178: 146: 134:God Save Ireland 116: 102: 90: 89: 88: 77: 76: 75: 60: 52: 41: 40: 36: 29: 6092: 6091: 6087: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6082: 6081: 6012: 6011: 6010: 6005: 5996: 5994: 5979: 5947:outside Ireland 5918:Historic houses 5886: 5867:Irish Wolfhound 5838:Brighid's Cross 5824: 5795:Gaelic handball 5790:Gaelic football 5761: 5732:Hiberno-Normans 5701: 5614: 5562: 5517: 5498:Hiberno-English 5484: 5429: 5390: 5344: 5250: 5229: 5172: 5154: 5144: 5134: 5075: 5066:Ulster loyalism 5040: 5019: 4937: 4861: 4840: 4799: 4725:Dublin lock-out 4661:Confederate War 4612:Norman invasion 4599:Battles of Tara 4587: 4543:1801–1923 4531:1691–1800 4526:1536–1691 4514:1169–1536 4467: 4454: 4430: 4422: 4392: 4387: 4375: 4364: 4357: 4350: 4343: 4336: 4329: 4322: 4315: 4308: 4301: 4294: 4283: 4276: 4269: 4254: 4249:Joseph Plunkett 4247: 4240: 4233: 4226: 4219: 4212: 4205: 4194: 4187: 4180: 4173: 4166: 4159: 4152: 4145: 4138: 4131: 4124: 4117: 4110: 4103: 4089: 4083: 4078:Richard Mulcahy 4076: 4071:Michael Collins 4069: 4064:Patrick Moylett 4062: 4055: 4048: 4041: 4034: 4027: 4022:John Mulholland 4020: 4013: 4006: 3999: 3994:Charles Kickham 3992: 3985: 3980:Thomas J. Kelly 3978: 3971: 3960: 3953: 3946: 3939: 3932: 3925: 3918: 3902: 3891: 3882: 3875: 3870:Irish Civil War 3868: 3861: 3854: 3847: 3840: 3833: 3824: 3817: 3810: 3803: 3796: 3789: 3782: 3775: 3768: 3761: 3754: 3743: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3704: 3699: 3678: 3632: 3618:Richard Barrett 3553:Tom McEllistrim 3523:Séumas Robinson 3468:Michael Brennan 3418:Michael Collins 3404: 3399: 3391: 3389:Richard Mulcahy 3383: 3373:Chiefs of Staff 3367: 3338:Kilmeena ambush 3333:Scramoge ambush 3328:Headford ambush 3303:Sheemore ambush 3293:Clonmult ambush 3283:Dromkeen ambush 3248:Listowel mutiny 3224: 3198: 3189:Irish Civil War 3089: 3084: 3054: 3049: 3038: 3009: 2991:Declared states 2986: 2945: 2931: 2926: 2889: 2845:Peace by Ordeal 2797:Éamon de Valera 2782:Michael Collins 2774: 2741: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2677: 2673: 2663: 2661: 2652: 2651: 2647: 2642: 2637:Wayback Machine 2627: 2623: 2606: 2602: 2592: 2590: 2581: 2580: 2576: 2566: 2564: 2551: 2550: 2546: 2536: 2534: 2521: 2520: 2516: 2506: 2504: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2476: 2472: 2466:History Ireland 2464: 2460: 2450: 2448: 2435: 2434: 2430: 2420: 2416: 2406: 2402: 2395: 2391: 2375: 2371: 2365:Wayback Machine 2353: 2349: 2339: 2337: 2324: 2323: 2319: 2309: 2307: 2300: 2284: 2280: 2271: 2267: 2257: 2255: 2248: 2232: 2228: 2218: 2216: 2209: 2201:. p. 350. 2189: 2185: 2181: 2085: 2079: 2035: 2000:Lord Lieutenant 1961: 1921: 1815:Fourteen Points 1772:Seán T. O'Kelly 1764: 1712: 1697:cattle rustling 1679: 1663: 1637: 1505: 1438: 1429: 1398: 1396: 1388: 1369: 1367:Arthur Griffith 1363:Arthur Griffith 1353: 1340: 1338:Éamon de Valera 1334:Éamon de Valera 1316: 1314:Éamon de Valera 1310:Éamon de Valera 1297: 1274: 1245:Anglo-Irish War 1146:Éamon de Valera 1138:Arthur Griffith 1107: 1099:Peace by Ordeal 1067:Éamon de Valera 952: 946: 795: 759: 757: 752: 751: 697: 689: 688: 666: 663: 641: 633: 632: 583: 563: 556: 538: 516: 502: 477: 437:6 December 1922 434: 421: 408: 406:Anglo–Irish War 398:21 January 1919 395: 382: 367:Interwar period 339: 331:Arthur Griffith 327: 319:Éamon de Valera 315: 303: 289: 284: 278: 235:Presbyterianism 193: 191: 187: 184: 179: 176: 174: 172: 171: 170: 149: 136: 124: 123: 122: 117: 109: 108: 103: 83: 82: 81: 80: 78: 70: 69: 68: 67: 61: 54: 46: 37: 30: 19: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6090: 6080: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6007: 6006: 5992: 5989: 5988: 5985: 5984: 5981: 5980: 5978: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5958: 5949: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5913:Heritage Sites 5910: 5905: 5900: 5894: 5892: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5863: 5862: 5852: 5847: 5840: 5834: 5832: 5826: 5825: 5823: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5771: 5769: 5763: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5737:Irish diaspora 5734: 5729: 5728: 5727: 5725:Gaelic Ireland 5717: 5711: 5709: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5699: 5694: 5687: 5680: 5673: 5666: 5659: 5652: 5651: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5624: 5622: 5616: 5615: 5613: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5596: 5595: 5585: 5578: 5572: 5570: 5564: 5563: 5561: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5538: 5533: 5527: 5525: 5519: 5518: 5516: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5494: 5492: 5486: 5485: 5483: 5482: 5477: 5468: 5466:Rose of Tralee 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5437: 5435: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5410: 5404: 5402: 5396: 5395: 5392: 5391: 5389: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5352: 5350: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5275:List of dishes 5271: 5269: 5262: 5252: 5251: 5239: 5238: 5235: 5234: 5231: 5230: 5228: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5216: 5215: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5194: 5193: 5191:D'Hondt method 5182: 5180: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5164: 5163: 5158: 5152:Seanad Éireann 5148: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5117: 5116: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5085: 5083: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5052: 5050: 5042: 5041: 5029: 5028: 5025: 5024: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4962: 4961: 4956: 4945: 4943: 4939: 4938: 4936: 4935: 4926: 4925: 4924: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4892:Extreme points 4889: 4884: 4882:Climate change 4879: 4873: 4871: 4863: 4862: 4850: 4849: 4846: 4845: 4842: 4841: 4839: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4807: 4805: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4700:1803 Rebellion 4697: 4692: 4690:1798 Rebellion 4687: 4682: 4677: 4675:Williamite War 4672: 4663: 4657:1641 Rebellion 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4637:Spanish Armada 4634: 4629: 4627:Tudor conquest 4624: 4619: 4617:Bruce campaign 4614: 4609: 4595: 4593: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4574: 4573: 4563: 4562:(1921–present) 4557: 4552: 4550:Irish Republic 4547: 4546: 4545: 4535: 4534: 4533: 4528: 4518: 4517: 4516: 4511: 4509:800–1169 4500:Gaelic Ireland 4497: 4492: 4487: 4481: 4479: 4469: 4468: 4456: 4455: 4453: 4452: 4444: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4421: 4420: 4413: 4406: 4398: 4389: 4388: 4386: 4385: 4372: 4370: 4366: 4365: 4363: 4362: 4355: 4348: 4341: 4334: 4327: 4324:Fianna Éireann 4320: 4313: 4306: 4303:Cumann na mBan 4299: 4291: 4289: 4285: 4284: 4282: 4281: 4274: 4266: 4264: 4260: 4259: 4256: 4255: 4253: 4252: 4245: 4242:Patrick Pearse 4238: 4235:Diarmuid Lynch 4231: 4224: 4217: 4210: 4202: 4200: 4196: 4195: 4193: 4192: 4185: 4178: 4171: 4164: 4157: 4154:Michael Doheny 4150: 4143: 4136: 4133:Michael Davitt 4129: 4122: 4115: 4108: 4100: 4098: 4091: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4081: 4074: 4067: 4060: 4053: 4046: 4039: 4032: 4025: 4018: 4011: 4004: 3997: 3990: 3983: 3976: 3973:James Stephens 3968: 3966: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3958: 3951: 3944: 3937: 3930: 3923: 3920:Catalpa rescue 3916: 3899: 3897: 3893: 3892: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3880: 3873: 3866: 3859: 3852: 3849:Irish Republic 3845: 3838: 3831: 3822: 3819:Obstructionism 3815: 3808: 3801: 3794: 3787: 3780: 3773: 3766: 3759: 3751: 3749: 3745: 3744: 3733: 3732: 3725: 3718: 3710: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3697: 3692: 3686: 3684: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3676: 3674:1916–1921 Club 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3654:Fianna Éireann 3651: 3649:Cumann na mBan 3646: 3640: 3638: 3634: 3633: 3631: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3613:Joseph McGrath 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3573:Ernie O'Malley 3570: 3568:Michael Kilroy 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3543:Seán O'Hegarty 3540: 3538:Charlie Hurley 3535: 3530: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3493:Seán Mac Mahon 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3448:Piaras Béaslaí 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3414: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3394: 3386: 3377: 3375: 3369: 3368: 3366: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3318:Burgery ambush 3315: 3310: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3278:Clonfin ambush 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3258:Tooreen ambush 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3234: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3223: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3206: 3204: 3200: 3199: 3197: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3150:Irish Bulletin 3147: 3133: 3131:Irish Republic 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3103: 3097: 3095: 3091: 3090: 3083: 3082: 3075: 3068: 3060: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3040: 3039: 3037: 3036: 3030: 3024: 3017: 3015: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3007: 3004:Irish Republic 3001: 2994: 2992: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2966: 2960: 2957:Gaelic Ireland 2953: 2951: 2947: 2946: 2936: 2933: 2932: 2925: 2924: 2917: 2910: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2888: 2887:External links 2885: 2884: 2883: 2876:John A. Murphy 2873: 2866: 2860: 2848: 2838: 2831:F. S. L. Lyons 2828: 2818: 2808: 2793: 2778:Tim Pat Coogan 2773: 2770: 2769: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2747: 2746: 2743:Ireland portal 2730: 2727: 2725: 2724: 2694: 2671: 2645: 2621: 2600: 2574: 2544: 2514: 2484: 2470: 2458: 2428: 2414: 2400: 2389: 2376:Liam de Paor. 2369: 2347: 2317: 2298: 2278: 2272:M.E. Collins, 2265: 2246: 2226: 2207: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2159:Continuity IRA 2103:Army Executive 2081:Main article: 2078: 2075: 2034: 2031: 2004:W. T. Cosgrave 1960: 1957: 1948: 1947: 1942:passed by the 1940: 1937: 1920: 1917: 1835:Central Powers 1780:Woodrow Wilson 1763: 1760: 1717:Black and Tans 1711: 1708: 1678: 1675: 1662: 1659: 1636: 1633: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1582: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1567: 1555: 1543: 1504: 1501: 1462:1921 elections 1437: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1428: 1427: 1420: 1413: 1405: 1402: 1401: 1393: 1392: 1386:W. T. Cosgrave 1382:W. T. Cosgrave 1374: 1373: 1355: 1354: 1348: 1345: 1344: 1326: 1325: 1321: 1320: 1302: 1301: 1283: 1282: 1273: 1270: 1258:United Kingdom 1106: 1103: 1036:British Empire 956:Irish language 945: 942: 938:United Kingdom 861:of 1916, when 832:United Kingdom 803:Irish Republic 797: 796: 794: 793: 786: 779: 771: 768: 767: 754: 753: 750: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 698: 695: 694: 691: 690: 687: 686: 677: 672: 670:Irish Republic 667: 660: 658: 653: 648: 646:Gaelic Ireland 642: 639: 638: 635: 634: 631: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 584: 581: 580: 577: 576: 568: 567: 558: 557: 550: 543: 542: 540:United Kingdom 533: 529: 528: 525: 524: 521: 520: 513: 507: 506: 499: 490: 487: 486: 481: 469: 468: 463: 453: 452: 450:Pound sterling 447: 443: 442: 439: 438: 435: 429: 426: 425: 424:7 January 1922 422: 416: 413: 412: 409: 403: 400: 399: 396: 390: 387: 386: 383: 377: 374: 373: 370: 369: 364: 363:Historical era 360: 359: 354: 350: 349: 346: 345: 343:W. T. Cosgrave 340: 337: 334: 333: 328: 325: 322: 321: 316: 313: 310: 309: 304: 301: 298: 297: 294: 293: 290: 288: 287: 281: 272: 269: 268: 257: 251: 250: 245: 239: 238: 220: 216: 215: 206: 202: 201: 194:53.350; -6.267 165: 161: 160: 155: 151: 150: 147: 139: 138: 126: 125: 118: 111: 110: 104: 97: 96: 95: 92: 91: 86:United Kingdom 73:United Kingdom 63: 62: 47: 45:Irish Republic 44: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6089: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6019: 6017: 6004: 6003: 5990: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5970:Public houses 5968: 5966: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5889: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5861: 5858: 5857: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5845: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5827: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5768: 5764: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5726: 5723: 5722: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5708: 5704: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5692: 5688: 5686: 5685: 5681: 5679: 5678: 5674: 5672: 5671: 5667: 5665: 5664: 5660: 5658: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5630: 5629: 5626: 5625: 5623: 5621: 5617: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5594: 5591: 5590: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5583: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5569: 5565: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5520: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5495: 5493: 5491: 5487: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5432: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5415: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5397: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5347: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5249: 5244: 5240: 5226: 5225:Peace process 5223: 5221: 5218: 5214: 5211: 5210: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5192: 5189: 5188: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5175: 5169: 5166: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5155:(upper house) 5153: 5149: 5147: 5145:(lower house) 5143: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5133: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5115: 5112: 5111: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5078: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5061:Republicanism 5059: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5034: 5030: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4950: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4940: 4934: 4930: 4927: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4874: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4855: 4851: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4802: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4775:Peace process 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4755:The Emergency 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4735:Easter Rising 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4720:Fenian Rising 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4597: 4596: 4594: 4590: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4572: 4569: 4568: 4567: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4544: 4541: 4540: 4539: 4536: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4523: 4522: 4519: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4505: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4495:Early history 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4482: 4480: 4478: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4461: 4457: 4451: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4437: 4436: 4433: 4429: 4426: 4419: 4414: 4412: 4407: 4405: 4400: 4399: 4396: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4373: 4371: 4367: 4360: 4356: 4353: 4349: 4346: 4342: 4339: 4335: 4332: 4328: 4325: 4321: 4318: 4314: 4311: 4307: 4304: 4300: 4297: 4293: 4292: 4290: 4286: 4279: 4275: 4272: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4261: 4250: 4246: 4243: 4239: 4236: 4232: 4229: 4225: 4222: 4221:Bulmer Hobson 4218: 4215: 4211: 4208: 4207:Éamonn Ceannt 4204: 4203: 4201: 4197: 4190: 4186: 4183: 4179: 4176: 4172: 4169: 4168:John O'Mahony 4165: 4162: 4158: 4155: 4151: 4148: 4144: 4141: 4140:Timothy Deasy 4137: 4134: 4130: 4127: 4123: 4120: 4116: 4113: 4109: 4106: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4095: 4092: 4086: 4079: 4075: 4072: 4068: 4065: 4061: 4058: 4054: 4051: 4047: 4044: 4040: 4037: 4033: 4030: 4029:Seamus Deakin 4026: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4012: 4009: 4005: 4002: 3998: 3995: 3991: 3988: 3984: 3981: 3977: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3963: 3956: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3941:Easter Rising 3938: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3924: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3904:Fenian Rising 3901: 3900: 3898: 3894: 3889: 3878: 3874: 3871: 3867: 3864: 3860: 3857: 3853: 3850: 3846: 3843: 3839: 3836: 3832: 3829: 3828: 3823: 3820: 3816: 3813: 3809: 3806: 3805:New Departure 3802: 3799: 3795: 3792: 3788: 3785: 3781: 3778: 3774: 3771: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3757: 3756:Young Ireland 3753: 3752: 3750: 3746: 3741: 3731: 3726: 3724: 3719: 3717: 3712: 3711: 3708: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3690:National Army 3688: 3687: 3685: 3681: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3563:George Lennon 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3533:Seán Mac Eoin 3531: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3503:Andrew Cooney 3501: 3499: 3498:Stephen Behan 3496: 3494: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3451: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3410:Personalities 3407: 3398: 3395: 3390: 3387: 3382: 3381:Cathal Brugha 3379: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3370: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3253:Rineen ambush 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3227: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3205: 3201: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3160:Flying column 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3119: 3117: 3116:Easter Rising 3114: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3104: 3102: 3099: 3098: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3081: 3076: 3074: 3069: 3067: 3062: 3061: 3058: 3045: 3044: 3041: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3018: 3016: 3012: 3005: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2954: 2952: 2948: 2943: 2939: 2934: 2930: 2923: 2918: 2916: 2911: 2909: 2904: 2903: 2900: 2894: 2891: 2890: 2881: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2858: 2857: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2842: 2841:Lord Longford 2839: 2836: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2805:0-09-175030-X 2802: 2798: 2794: 2791: 2790:0-09-174106-8 2787: 2783: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2748: 2744: 2733: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2698: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2675: 2659: 2655: 2649: 2641: 2638: 2634: 2631: 2625: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2604: 2588: 2584: 2578: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2548: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2518: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2488: 2481: 2474: 2467: 2462: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2432: 2425: 2424: 2418: 2411: 2410: 2404: 2398: 2393: 2387: 2386:1-85182-322-0 2383: 2379: 2373: 2366: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2351: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2321: 2305: 2301: 2295: 2291: 2290: 2282: 2275: 2269: 2253: 2249: 2243: 2239: 2238: 2230: 2214: 2210: 2208:9781139426299 2204: 2200: 2196: 2195: 2187: 2183: 2176: 2174: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2134: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2119: 2117: 2112: 2107: 2104: 2099: 2093: 2090: 2084: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2041: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1965: 1956: 1954: 1945: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1933: 1931: 1927: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1906: 1901: 1899: 1893: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1816: 1812: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1759: 1757: 1752: 1748: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1725: 1723: 1718: 1710:Functionality 1707: 1705: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1658: 1656: 1652: 1647: 1642: 1641:head of state 1632: 1629: 1627: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1588: 1587: 1586: 1576: 1571: 1568: 1564: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1547: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1489: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1426: 1421: 1419: 1414: 1412: 1407: 1406: 1404: 1403: 1399:December 1922 1395: 1394: 1387: 1380: 1376: 1375: 1368: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1352: 1349:President of 1347: 1346: 1339: 1332: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1322: 1315: 1308: 1304: 1303: 1296: 1295:Cathal Brugha 1291:Cathal Brugha 1289: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1277: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1254: 1248: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1199: 1193: 1187: 1182: 1178: 1177:Mansion House 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1157: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1134: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1119:Easter Rising 1111: 1105:Establishment 1102: 1100: 1096: 1095:Lord Longford 1092: 1089: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1055: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1012: 1007: 1002: 996: 992:("free") and 990: 984: 979: 974: 968: 962: 957: 951: 941: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 906: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 859:Easter Rising 855: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 829: 825: 822: 817: 812: 808: 804: 792: 787: 785: 780: 778: 773: 772: 770: 769: 766: 756: 755: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 693: 692: 685: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 665: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 644: 643: 637: 636: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 585: 579: 578: 574: 570: 569: 566: 560: 559: 554: 549: 548: 541: 537: 534: 532:Today part of 530: 514: 512: 509: 508: 500: 498: 495: 494: 491: 485: 482: 475: 474: 471: 470: 467: 464: 462: 459: 458: 454: 451: 448: 444: 440: 436: 433: 427: 423: 420: 414: 410: 407: 401: 397: 394: 388: 385:24 April 1916 384: 381: 375: 371: 368: 365: 361: 358: 355: 351: 347: 344: 341: 335: 332: 329: 323: 320: 317: 311: 308: 307:Cathal Brugha 305: 299: 295: 291: 282: 277: 274: 273: 270: 267: 264: 263:parliamentary 261: 258: 256: 252: 249: 246: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 221: 217: 214: 210: 207: 203: 198: 169: 166: 162: 159: 156: 152: 145: 140: 135: 131: 127: 121: 115: 107: 101: 93: 87: 74: 64: 58: 51: 42: 39: 34: 27: 23: 5993: 5963: / 5954: / 5945: / 5923:Homelessness 5842: 5810:Road bowling 5805:Martial arts 5752:Ulster Scots 5689: 5682: 5675: 5668: 5661: 5654: 5633:Mythological 5580: 5540: 5513:Ulster Scots 5473: / 5412: 5340:Three-in-One 5151: 5142:Dáil Éireann 5141: 5131: 5089:Constitution 4978: / 4949:Architecture 4931: / 4804:Other topics 4785:Celtic Tiger 4770:The Troubles 4668: / 4659: / 4605: / 4601: / 4549: 4502: / 4490:Protohistory 4296:Clan na Gael 4199:20th century 4097:19th century 4057:Harry Boland 4050:Seán McGarry 4015:Neal O'Boyle 4008:John O'Leary 3912:Fenian raids 3848: 3825: 3659:Clan na Gael 3463:Joe McKelvey 3458:Liam Mellows 3433:Emmet Dalton 3397:Eoin O'Duffy 3203:Organisation 3136:Dáil Éireann 3130: 3003: 2959:(until 1607) 2879: 2869: 2863: 2854: 2844: 2834: 2824: 2814: 2796: 2781: 2715:. Retrieved 2706: 2697: 2682: 2674: 2662:. Retrieved 2648: 2639: 2624: 2612: 2608: 2603: 2591:. Retrieved 2577: 2565:. Retrieved 2556: 2547: 2535:. Retrieved 2526: 2517: 2505:. Retrieved 2496: 2487: 2473: 2465: 2461: 2449:. Retrieved 2440: 2431: 2422: 2417: 2408: 2403: 2392: 2377: 2372: 2356: 2350: 2338:. Retrieved 2329: 2320: 2308:. Retrieved 2288: 2281: 2273: 2268: 2258:12 September 2256:. Retrieved 2236: 2229: 2217:. Retrieved 2193: 2186: 2135: 2120: 2108: 2102: 2094: 2086: 2040:Commonwealth 2036: 2028: 2015: 2007: 1985: 1970: 1949: 1928:matter. The 1922: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1902: 1897: 1894: 1839: 1819: 1807: 1802: 1788: 1765: 1753: 1749: 1726: 1713: 1701: 1680: 1664: 1638: 1630: 1623: 1583: 1575:Aire Cosanta 1506: 1490: 1439: 1436:Dáil Éireann 1351:Dáil Éireann 1249: 1211: 1181:Dáil Éireann 1158: 1135: 1116: 1098: 1093: 1056: 1016: 953: 907: 891:police force 887:court system 856: 821:unrecognised 802: 800: 669: 593:Protohistory 466:Succeeded by 465: 460: 223:Christianity 129: 38: 5943:Place names 5820:Rugby union 5715:Anglo-Irish 5600:Instruments 5456:The Twelfth 5420:Set dancing 5220:LGBT rights 5126:LGBT rights 5056:Nationalism 4622:Black Death 4369:Derivatives 4043:Thomas Ashe 3955:Army Mutiny 3683:Derivatives 3623:Louis Darcy 3583:Moss Twomey 3578:Frank Aiken 3548:Seán Moylan 3508:Seán Treacy 3488:Seán Lemass 3483:Tom Maguire 3473:Frank Aiken 3392:(1918–1922) 3384:(1917–1918) 3144:Second Dáil 3029:(1649–1660) 3023:(1642–1653) 3006:(1919–1922) 2983:(1922–1937) 2971:(1541–1800) 2965:(1171–1541) 2944:(from 1922) 2811:R.F. Foster 2437:"ROLL CALL" 2173:Tom Maguire 2147:Tom Maguire 2131:Fianna Fáil 2123:Frank Aiken 2116:Second Dáil 2055:Fianna Fáil 1959:Dissolution 1884:James Craig 1854:Walter Long 1762:Recognition 1688:arbitration 1683:Dáil Courts 1646:Príomh Aire 1539:Aire Airgid 1524:Príomh Aire 1458:Second Dáil 1241:Seán Treacy 1121:issued the 1034:within the 926:partitioned 920:called the 562:History of 461:Preceded by 353:Legislature 231:Anglicanism 227:Catholicism 192: / 6016:Categories 5844:Cláirseach 5747:Travellers 5605:Rock music 5588:Folk music 5523:Literature 5325:Soda bread 5208:Government 5135:parliament 5132:Oireachtas 5109:Government 5049:Ideologies 4680:Penal Laws 4571:since 1922 4485:Prehistory 4288:Associates 4263:Informants 4214:Tom Clarke 4147:John Devoy 4088:Prominent 3965:Presidents 3827:Fenian Ram 3637:Associates 3608:Liam Tobin 3603:Liam Deasy 3593:Seán Hales 3518:Seán Hogan 3443:Paddy Daly 3438:Dick McKee 3140:First Dáil 2772:References 2537:4 November 2310:30 January 2299:0862430968 2219:16 October 2179:References 2111:Third Dáil 2087:Since the 2012:Third Dáil 1799:Bolshevism 1795:E. H. Carr 1474:Third Dáil 1442:unicameral 1260:under the 1198:as láthair 1077:(then the 1069:(then the 1059:his memoir 883:government 879:first Dáil 588:Prehistory 582:Chronology 255:Government 243:Demonym(s) 5975:Squatting 5691:Fomorians 5620:Mythology 5490:Languages 5475:Halloween 5451:Bealtaine 5434:Festivals 5425:Stepdance 5330:Spice Bag 5315:Irish fry 5305:Colcannon 5280:Barmbrack 5203:Education 5161:President 5099:Education 5015:Transport 4990:Provinces 4912:Mountains 4887:Coastline 4859:Geography 4750:Civil War 4705:Tithe War 4182:Pat Nally 4126:John Daly 3856:Sinn Féin 3798:Cuba Five 3763:Fenianism 3588:Tom Hales 3528:Tom Barry 3513:Dan Breen 3220:The Squad 3121:Sinn Féin 3101:Genealogy 2821:J. J. Lee 2679:Lee, J.J. 2607:Carr, EH 2451:28 August 2367:1996 p172 2276:, p. 252. 2127:Sinn Féin 2089:Civil War 2063:Sinn Féin 2059:Fine Gael 1879:Sinn Féin 1870:bicameral 1858:home rule 1827:Sinn Féin 1237:Dan Breen 1235:, led by 1222:Tipperary 1218:gelignite 1165:manifesto 1150:Ard Fheis 1142:Sinn Féin 980:in 1916. 871:Sinn Féin 867:rebellion 830:from the 819:) was an 702:Conflicts 623:1801–1923 618:1691–1800 613:1536–1691 608:1169–1536 411:1919–1921 219:Religion 79:1919–1922 5933:Monastic 5898:Calendar 5882:Shamrock 5877:Red Hand 5815:Rounders 5480:Wren Day 5414:Sean-nós 5366:Guinness 5310:Drisheen 5186:Assembly 5168:Taxation 5071:Unionism 5038:Politics 4971:Counties 4715:Land War 4607:Clontarf 4603:Glenmama 4477:Timeline 3927:Land War 3014:See also 2729:See also 2711:Archived 2664:7 August 2658:Archived 2633:Archived 2587:Archived 2561:Archived 2531:Archived 2501:Archived 2445:Archived 2361:Archived 2334:Archived 2304:Archived 2252:Archived 2213:Archived 2157:and the 2043:dominion 1889:de facto 1756:Unionist 1733:George V 1661:Military 1514:Aireacht 1503:Ministry 1480:as the " 1088:Saorstát 1041:saorstát 983:Saorstát 973:poblacht 717:Kingdoms 603:795–1169 553:a series 551:Part of 446:Currency 5903:Castles 5830:Symbols 5800:Hurling 5785:Camogie 5684:Firbolg 5670:Immrama 5663:Echtrai 5593:session 5576:Ballads 5553:Theatre 5542:Gaeilge 5536:Fiction 5471:Samhain 5386:Whiskey 5260:Cuisine 5248:Culture 5198:Economy 5094:Economy 4902:Islands 4877:Climate 4870:Natural 4465:History 4425:Ireland 4090:members 3896:Actions 3748:General 3230:Actions 3094:General 2717:4 April 2593:14 June 2567:4 April 2507:4 April 2380:(1997) 2340:7 April 2274:Ireland 2098:de jure 2014:or the 1231:of the 1159:In the 1073:) with 928:by the 836:Ireland 732:Judaism 712:Cuisine 598:400–795 564:Ireland 430:• 417:• 404:• 391:• 378:• 260:Unitary 213:English 177:53°21′N 164:Capital 130:Anthem: 5908:Cinema 5707:People 5656:Aos Sí 5643:Ulster 5638:Fenian 5628:Cycles 5558:Triads 5548:Poetry 5531:Annals 5508:Shelta 5461:Lúnasa 5441:Imbolc 5376:Poitín 5356:Coffee 5349:Drinks 5300:Coddle 4966:Cities 4917:Rivers 4907:Loughs 4592:Events 4450:topics 4442:topics 4428:topics 3400:(1922) 3176:& 3142:& 3035:(1689) 3000:(1798) 2803: 2788: 2689: 2619:1326). 2384: 2296: 2244: 2205: 2033:Legacy 1693:Assize 1484:" of " 1472:; the 1173:Dublin 1131:Dublin 889:and a 848:Dublin 722:States 696:Topics 555:on the 292: 180:6°16′W 168:Dublin 154:Status 132: 53: 5938:Names 5891:Other 5855:Flags 5767:Sport 5720:Gaels 5648:Kings 5582:Céilí 5568:Music 5503:Irish 5400:Dance 5361:Cream 5295:Champ 5290:Boxty 5213:local 5114:local 5000:Towns 4985:Ports 4942:Human 4897:Fauna 2026:Act. 1822:RSFSR 1083:Welsh 826:that 807:Irish 707:Clans 248:Irish 209:Irish 57:Irish 5757:Yola 5371:Mist 5335:Stew 5268:Food 4922:list 3910:and 2801:ISBN 2786:ISBN 2719:2020 2687:ISBN 2666:2008 2595:2007 2569:2020 2539:2010 2509:2020 2453:2018 2382:ISBN 2342:2019 2312:2016 2294:ISBN 2260:2011 2242:ISBN 2221:2015 2203:ISBN 2071:SDLP 2061:and 1864:and 1729:Cork 1722:Dáil 1511:(or 1468:and 1239:and 995:stát 989:saor 964:and 944:Name 885:, a 844:Cork 801:The 682:and 357:Dáil 106:Flag 66:1916 5408:Jig 5381:Tea 5121:Law 2617:Cmd 2118:). 2073:). 2008:and 1140:'s 1057:In 813:or 6018:: 2878:, 2853:, 2843:, 2833:, 2823:, 2813:, 2780:, 2709:. 2705:. 2681:: 2656:. 2585:. 2559:. 2555:. 2525:. 2499:. 2495:. 2439:. 2332:. 2328:. 2302:. 2250:. 2211:. 2197:. 2175:. 2057:, 1983:. 1955:. 1805:" 1770:, 1706:. 1699:. 1268:. 1061:, 1054:. 1014:. 940:. 905:. 846:, 809:: 233:, 229:, 211:, 4417:e 4410:t 4403:v 4383:) 4379:( 3914:) 3906:( 3729:e 3722:t 3715:v 3180:) 3172:( 3146:) 3138:( 3079:e 3072:t 3065:v 2921:e 2914:t 2907:v 2882:. 2872:. 2859:. 2847:. 2837:. 2827:. 2817:. 2807:. 2792:. 2721:. 2668:. 2615:( 2597:. 2571:. 2541:. 2511:. 2482:. 2455:. 2344:. 2314:. 2262:. 2223:. 2053:( 1578:) 1572:( 1566:) 1560:( 1554:) 1548:( 1542:) 1536:( 1521:( 1424:e 1417:t 1410:v 805:( 790:e 783:t 776:v 237:) 225:( 59:) 55:( 35:. 28:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index