860:
children and adolescents with
Variations of Sex Characteristics. It explicitly prohibits surgeries, procedures or medical treatments on intersex newborns, children and adolescents, the sole purpose of which is modification to respond to social expectations and/or aesthetics without the consent of the child or adolescent. It establishes that procedures, surgeries and treatments should only be carried out exclusively for the purpose of resolving a functional incompatibility and/or removing a condition that substantially puts the health or life of the person at risk, ensuring the guarantee of the autonomy of their body and ensuring the ability of the child or adolescent to decide later, according to their identity and their desire of the reproductive process. Circulars 18/2015 and 07/2016 are annulled.
1027:. Article 26 based on "Right to Identity" states that "Every boy, girl or adolescent has the right, from their birth, to have a name, a nationality, a language of origin and to be registered in the Civil Registry and Identification Service, without delay (...) Public and private institutions will be obliged to recognize and respect the identity of children , girls and adolescents in accordance with the provisions above. Likewise, they have the right to know the identity of their fathers and/or mothers, their biological origin, to preserve their family relationships in accordance with the law, to know and exercise the culture of their place of origin and, in general, to preserve and develop their own identity and idiosyncrasy, including their
944:
828:
1031:, in accordance with current legislation (...) When a child or adolescent is illegally deprived of any of the elements of their identity, or all of them, must be given the appropriate assistance and protection in order to restore it quickly (...) The Civil Registry and Identification Service will have simple and fast procedures that allow the birth registration of the newborns, their timely identification and that of their nationality (...) The child or adolescent must be registered with a name and two conventional surnames, leaving a record in the corresponding item, without prejudice to the right to subsequently claim the determination of their identity."
2241:
34:
3212:
869:
intersex children that sets the procedures and steps to be followed by health teams in order to ensure that no one is subjected to unnecessary surgery or treatment during infancy or childhood, protect the rights of the children concerned to physical and mental integrity, autonomy and self-determination, provide intersex children and their families with adequate counselling and support, including from peers, and ensure effective remedy for victims, including redress and compensation.
233:
935:. On 14 November 2012, the Court sentenced the Maule Health Service for "lack of service" and to pay compensation of 100 million pesos for moral and psychological damages caused to Benjamín, and another 5 million for each of the parents. The ruling states that the hospital should have had exams that would allow the parents and the victim to "decide about the removal of these organs and the condition of man or woman with which they would face life and society."
2965:
2528:
1049:, issued Circular 1297 that instructs compliance with the "Expert Technical Guide of Forensic Sexology for trans and intersex cases." It is intended to safeguard the physical and mental integrity of people, especially ensuring the protection of dignity. The protocol mentions that trans and intersex persons will not be subjected to invasive expert reports, in addition they must be treated by their social name or the one that the person prefers.
920:
hernias. At the age of 10, in 2003, Maricarmen was to start hormone replacement therapy. In connection with this, blood tests were conducted, and these confirmed that the child's chromosomal sex was 46,XY, male. The ten-year old immediately transitioned, becoming Benjamín. Changing official documents took several years and required him to go through psychiatric and physical examinations.
1041:
issued
Circular 21 titled "Reiterates instruction on the care of trans people in the health care network". The document stipulates the reiteration to the health services the duty of officials to respect gender identity and the social name of trans and intersex people, with emphasis on primary health
1006:
On August 3, 2021, the Senate approved the bill that modifies and strengthens Law No. 20,609, which establishes measures against discrimination. The approved bill mentions sex characteristics as a category protected from discrimination, in addition to adding such protection in the Labor Code and also
919:
In 1993, a baby with "ambiguous genitalia" named
Maricarmen, suffered an irreversible surgical intervention. It was determined by the child's medical team that he would be raised as a girl, and his gonads and male reproductive system were removed. The parents were informed that the child had inguinal
1015:
The Gender
Identity Law, in effect since 2019, recognizes the right to self-perceived gender identity, allowing people over 14 years to change their name and gender on all official documents without prohibitive requirements. Since 1974, the change of gender had been possible in the country through a
1019:
Birth certificates are available at birth showing "indeterminate" sex if it is not possible to assign a sex. According to the Civil
Registry, between 2006 and 2017, 269 intersex children have been registered under the category of "indeterminate sex" on official records. The change of gender on the
905:
issued concluding observations on harmful practices, recommending that Chile "explicitly prohibiting the performance of unnecessary surgical or other medical treatment on intersex children until they reach an age when they can give their free, prior and informed consent". The committee also called
859:
The
Circular No. 15 issued in November 2023 by the Ministry of Health, based on the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Law 21,430 on Guarantees and Comprehensive Protection of the Rights of Children and Adolescents, instructs health teams to adopt measures that ensure the best interests of
880:
The instructions were published in
Circular 8, 22 December 2015, entitled "Instructions on aspects of health care to intersex children". The circular instructs the ceasing of "unnecessary "normalization" treatment of intersex children, including irreversible genital surgeries, until they are old
868:
49. In the light of its general comment No. 18 (2014) on harmful practices, adopted jointly with the
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee recommends that the State party expedite the development and implementation of a rights-based health-care protocol for
989:. Article 8 on "Equality and non arbitrary discrimination" states that "No boy, girl or adolescent may be arbitrarily discriminated against because of their sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics," among other distinctions. It was published in the
893:
when professionals or the patient deem surgery necessary, and where a patient or their representative (such as a parent) consents. In cases where either sex may be assigned, sex assignment and surgeries may be made by agreement between parents and multidisciplinary teams, also considering the
1002:
introduced a document entitled "Guidelines for
Inclusion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex people in the Chilean educational system," aiming to promote inclusion and safeguard equality and non-discrimination. It considers suggestions to safeguard the rights of LGTBI children and
805:
In 2015, Chile briefly became the second country to protect intersex infants and children from unnecessary medical interventions, following Malta, however, the regulations were superseded the following year. Chile also has an early example of court ordered compensation awarded in the
1090:
888:
However, the 2015 circular was superseded by
Circular 7 of 23 August 2016, which states that the earlier recommendation not to perform unnecessary genital surgeries does not apply to "pathologies" where sex can be clearly determined. It also does not apply in cases of
1181:
863:
In 2015, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child recommended that Chile recognize the rights of Chilean intersex children, and expressed concern "about cases of medically unnecessary and irreversible surgery and other treatment on intersex children":
2362:
1574:
1946:
2372:
2342:
2205:
881:
enough to decide about their bodies", while work takes place to develop protocols that meet human rights standards. The country became the second in the world to protect intersex children from harmful practices, after
786:
Since November 7, 2023, Chile bans unnecessary and non-consensual surgeries, procedures or medical treatments on intersex newborns, boys, girls and adolescents. Since March 15, 2022, Chile bans discrimination based on
2367:
1189:
2282:
2347:
1042:
care. It points out that intersex people, in comparison with trans people, "may also manifest a similar situation, when genital sex does not correspond to the gender identity that the person is developing."
2125:
2195:
1956:
2297:
2215:
2060:
2337:
877:
of Chile ordered the suspension of unnecessary normalization treatments for intersex children, including irreversible surgery, until they reach an age when they can make decisions on their own.
2287:
3096:
2390:
2352:
1007:
the Penal Code through a new definition of criminal aggravating factor. The bill goes to discussion in the Commission on Human Rights and Indigenous Peoples of the Chamber of Deputies.
2407:
2395:
2385:
2332:
2302:
1907:
2357:
2327:
2200:
2135:
2070:
791:" under Law 21,430 on Guarantees and Integral Protection of the Rights of Children and Adolescents. The country has the most advanced legal protection framework in Latin America.
2322:
2317:
2312:
2110:
2292:
2307:
2230:
2175:
2145:
3120:
2262:
2210:
2185:
2160:
2120:
2075:
2277:
2272:
2225:
2165:
2140:
2130:
2085:
902:
1582:
2180:
2150:
2090:
2080:
468:
2267:
2155:
1799:
2190:
2115:
451:
1003:
adolescents in educational contexts; actions to support them in case they do not have the support of their families and learning objectives to address this issue.
1773:
1469:
86:
1623:
1023:
Law 21,430 on "Guarantees and Integral Protection of the Rights of Children and Adolescents" recognize the right to children and adolescents to develop their
66:
3257:
76:
1747:
898:
describes the circular as permitting interventions without supporting long-term data, and ignoring testimonies of persons subjected to early interventions.
894:
possibility of deferring surgeries to a time when a child has manifested a sexual identity. The guidelines are based on a 2006 clinical consensus document.
819:
In November 2023, Chile once again issued regulations that protects intersex infants, children and adolescents from non-consensual medical interventions.
1275:
2497:
1426:
981:
Law 21,430 on "Guarantees and Integral Protection of the Rights of Children and Adolescents" includes protection from discrimination on grounds of
282:
1182:"Making depathologization a matter of law. A comment from GATE on the Maltese Act on Gender Identity, Gender Expression and Sex Characteristics"
3136:
3307:
2873:
1847:"Ordinario Circular Nº 1297/2012 Instruye cumplimiento de Guía Técnica Pericial de Sexología Forense para casos de personas trans e intersex"
1322:
1926:
1442:"Circular 7 de 2016: Un paso atrás en la lucha por los Derechos Humanos de las personas intersexuales en Chile. Por Laura Inter y Hana Aoi"
1722:
1290:
1152:"LEY NÚM. 21.400 MODIFICA DIVERSOS CUERPOS LEGALES PARA REGULAR, EN IGUALDAD DE CONDICIONES, EL MATRIMONIO ENTRE PERSONAS DEL MISMO SEXO"
1034:
In Chile there are two public policies based on the antidiscrimination law that are, in some way, designed to protect intersex people.
809:
In April 2018, Latin American and Caribbean intersex activists published the San José de Costa Rica statement, defining local demands.
773:
1988:"Complementa circular 18 que instruye sobre ciertos aspectos de la atencion de salud a niños y niñas intersex (Circular 07, 23.08.16)"
991:
3803:
1868:
2050:
2035:
3003:
2928:
2475:
1624:"Orientaciones para la Inclusión de las personas lesbianas, gays, bisexuales, trans e intersex en el sistema educativo chileno"
976:
952:
708:
260:
56:
3312:
3128:
2863:
1920:
1896:
986:
633:
536:
204:
3664:
3502:
2868:
2655:
2615:
2492:
2462:
2220:
638:
446:
406:
277:
248:
209:
1680:
1126:
3798:
666:
1867:
1704:
1242:
3362:
2441:
1655:
1502:
3692:
1479:
1441:
2512:
1630:
1605:
1185:
812:
Since 2022, Chile is the first country in Latin America that provide legal protection from discrimination based on
297:
3763:
3400:
3272:
3252:
3163:
3144:
3016:
2838:
2714:
2704:
608:
475:
458:
179:
3808:
3465:
2848:
2833:
2620:
2561:
2537:
2502:
1800:"Cámara de Diputados aprueba incorporar a niños y niñas LGBTI en proyecto de ley sobre derechos de la infancia"
1503:"Circular 7 De 2016: Un Paso Atrás En La Lucha Por Los Derechos Humanos De Las Personas Intersexuales En Chile"
890:
854:
836:
766:
618:
603:
411:
381:
343:
315:
287:
189:
174:
1349:"Complementa circular 18 que instruye sobre ciertos aspectos de la atencion de salud a niños y niñas intersex"
1244:
943:
3434:
3247:
2551:
2485:
1556:
1295:
999:
328:
270:
1973:"Circular 08, 22.12.15 Instruye Sobre Ciertos Aspectos de la atencion de Salud a Ninos y Ninas Intersex.pdf"
1215:"Circular 08, 22.12.15 Instruye Sobre Ciertos Aspectos de la atencion de Salud a Ninos y Ninas Intersex.pdf"
3439:
3395:
3242:
3193:
3048:
2778:
2773:
2757:
2740:
2665:
2546:
2065:
2028:
1774:"Comisión de la Cámara aprueba que niñas y niños trans tengan derecho a desarrollar su identidad de género"
1656:"Proyecto de ley que modifica y fortalece la ley N° 20.609, que establece medidas contra la discriminación"
548:
543:
523:
506:
441:
323:
119:
114:
1318:"Chilean Ministry of Health issues instructions stopping "normalising" interventions on intersex children"
1243:
Participants at the Latin American and Caribbean Regional Conference of Intersex Persons (13 April 2018).
3722:
3647:
3576:
3088:
3033:
2798:
2752:
2735:
2566:
2105:
1046:
827:
568:
518:
501:
348:
139:
3543:
3352:
3342:
3302:
3183:
2996:
2901:
2808:
2730:
2709:
1038:
924:
874:
676:
578:
496:
488:
463:
149:
107:
1872:
3600:
3188:
3173:
2950:
2858:
2853:
2823:
2803:
2783:
2650:
2170:
2095:
759:
745:
628:
623:
593:
573:
553:
431:
199:
194:
164:
144:
124:
3727:
3277:
3267:
2843:
2828:
2818:
2813:
2793:
2470:
882:
613:
598:
588:
583:
563:
255:
184:
169:
159:
154:
134:
1127:"LEY NÚM. 21.430 SOBRE GARANTÍAS Y PROTECCIÓN INTEGRAL DE LOS DERECHOS DE LA NIÑEZ Y ADOLESCENCIA"
906:
for the provision of counselling and support to families, and education to medical professionals.
3566:
3292:
3232:
2660:
2021:
436:
333:
1825:
3687:
3429:
3297:
2747:
2670:
2593:
2434:
1972:
1376:
1317:
1214:
932:
513:
375:
1987:
1826:"Circular N° 21 Reitera instrucción sobre la atención de personas trans en la red asistencial"
1748:"269 niños han sido inscritos con sexo indefinido en el Registro Civil en los últimos 12 años"
1510:
1474:
1446:
1348:
1249:
1020:
birth certificate must be requested through the courts when the biological sex is determined.
895:
3617:
3538:
3407:
3211:
3104:
2989:
2517:
2480:
2458:
1420:
1058:
850:
302:
265:
244:
46:
21:
1846:
1524:
3632:
3533:
3528:
3455:
3424:
3412:
3178:
2891:
2625:
1526:
1063:
698:
661:
416:
8:
3737:
3627:
3460:
3372:
3357:
3053:
2249:
982:
956:
813:
800:
788:
338:
1869:
Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (Inter-American Commission on Human Rights )
3707:
3659:
3637:
3622:
3586:
3390:
3367:
3347:
3282:
3220:
3064:
1403:
1378:
1288:
1151:
3717:
3654:
3553:
3487:
3479:
3326:
3168:
3072:
2969:
2923:
2645:
2427:
1916:
1892:
1408:
426:
3756:
3679:
3581:
3516:
3287:
3262:
3237:
3112:
3024:
2695:
1398:
1390:
1276:"Concluding observations on the combined fourth to fifth periodic reports of Chile"
2013:
1874:
Violencia contra Personas Lesbianas, Gays, Bisexuales, Trans e Intersex en América
33:
3702:
3697:
3571:
3548:
1028:
1024:
3772:
3732:
3712:
3669:
3612:
3080:
2680:
2507:
730:
292:
1681:"LEY NÚM. 21.120 RECONOCE Y DA PROTECCIÓN AL DERECHO A LA IDENTIDAD DE GÉNERO"
1377:
Lee P. A., Houk C. P., Ahmed S. F., Hughes I. A.; Houk; Ahmed; Hughes (2006).
1273:
3792:
2640:
2630:
2588:
2578:
2556:
1525:
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (9 March 2018).
1470:"¿Cómo nace la Circular 7 del Ministerio de Salud de Chile? Por Camilo Godoy"
656:
421:
370:
360:
3777:
3558:
3497:
3492:
3382:
2938:
2933:
2583:
2573:
2008:
1884:
1412:
1394:
1289:
Maria Mercedes Gómez - LAC Regional Program Coordinator (14 January 2016).
1177:
995:
on March 15, 2022 and entered into force from the date of its publication.
718:
713:
365:
355:
3057:
2943:
1951:
723:
703:
970: Explicit protection on grounds of intersex within attribute of sex
927:. The claim for damages was initiated in the Fourth Court of Letters of
2896:
2690:
2675:
671:
2527:
232:
2918:
2635:
2254:
693:
1274:
United Nations; Committee on the Rights of Child (30 October 2015).
3642:
2450:
2240:
1905:
1291:"Chilean Government Stops the 'Normalization' of Intersex Children"
844: Regulatory suspension of non-consensual medical interventions
223:
2981:
2609:
1527:"Concluding observations on the seventh periodic report of Chile"
400:
1906:
Godoy, Camillo; Centro de Derechos Humanos UDP (November 2016).
2908:
735:
683:
1889:
Interdicciones: Escrituras de la intersexualidad en castellano
1575:"Condenan al H. de Talca por error al determinar sexo de bebé"
3012:
928:
38:
25:
903:
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
2913:
2419:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
688:
923:
On 12 August 2005, the mother filed a lawsuit against the
1379:"Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders"
1045:
On 9 November 2012, the Legal Medical Service, under the
822:
740:
1112:
964: Explicit protection on grounds of intersex status
909:
985:. The law seeks to adapt Chilean legislation to the
47:
Protection of physical integrity and bodily autonomy
2043:
1909:Informe Anual sobre Derechos Humanos en Chile 2016
1648:
1606:"Sistema de garantías de los derechos de la niñez"
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1709:Washington Blade: Gay News, Politics, LGBT Rights
938:
3790:
1076:
2997:
2435:
2029:
1370:
1323:Organisation Intersex International Australia
1310:
767:
2363:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1494:
1425:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1343:
1341:
1209:
1207:
1705:"Chile transgender rights law takes effect"
1550:
1548:
1546:
1282:
1010:
914:
3004:
2990:
2442:
2428:
2036:
2022:
835: Legal prohibition of non-consensual
774:
760:
32:
1723:"Datos Registrales con Enfoque de Género"
1461:
1433:
1402:
1338:
1269:
1267:
1204:
1170:
1915:. Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales.
1792:
1543:
1500:
1440:Inter, Laura; Aoi, Hana (15 June 2017).
1439:
942:
826:
3032:
992:Diario Oficial de la República de Chile
3791:
1944:
1883:
1554:
1264:
1176:
977:Discrimination against intersex people
823:Physical integrity and bodily autonomy
2985:
2423:
2017:
1501:Inter, Laura; Aoi, Hana (June 2017).
1467:
987:Convention on the Rights of the Child
3258:Fjords, channels, sounds and straits
1754:(in European Spanish). 14 March 2018
1149:
910:Remedies and claims for compensation
1150:Nacional, Biblioteca del Congreso.
667:Genital modification and mutilation
87:Third gender or sex classifications
13:
3011:
1245:"San José de Costa Rica Statement"
806:Benjamín-Maricarmen case in 2012.
231:
67:Access to identification documents
14:
3820:
2002:
1945:Guzmán, Claudia (15 March 2016).
1603:
1555:García, Gabriela (20 June 2013).
3804:Intersex rights in South America
3210:
2964:
2963:
2526:
2513:Sex characteristics (legal term)
2239:
2206:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1955:. pp. 30–37. Archived from
1186:Global Action for Trans Equality
298:Sex characteristics (legal term)
77:Changing M/F sex classifications
2044:Intersex rights in the Americas
1861:
1839:
1818:
1766:
1740:
1715:
1697:
1673:
1616:
1604:Chile, Cámara de Diputados de.
1597:
1567:
1518:
951: Explicit protection from
1891:. Córdoba, Argentina: Mulabi.
1468:Godoy, Camilo (18 June 2017).
1236:
1143:
939:Protection from discrimination
891:congenital adrenal hyperplasia
855:Intersex medical interventions
57:Protection from discrimination
1:
1296:OutRight Action International
1100:(in Spanish). 7 November 2023
1069:
3440:Comptroller General of Chile
2758:International Intersex Forum
2547:Disorders of sex development
2449:
1947:"Cambiados de Sexo al Nacer"
1629:. April 2017. Archived from
1581:(in Spanish). Archived from
524:International Intersex Forum
324:Disorders of sex development
7:
3665:Water supply and sanitation
2753:Intersex Day of Remembrance
2616:Civil society organizations
1052:
519:Intersex Day of Remembrance
407:Civil society organizations
10:
3825:
3799:Intersex rights by country
2710:Sex verification in sports
974:
848:
798:
794:
464:Sex verification in sports
3750:
3678:
3608:
3599:
3524:
3515:
3478:
3448:
3381:
3338:
3334:
3325:
3228:
3219:
3208:
3156:
3041:
3023:
2959:
2951:Sex differences in humans
2884:
2766:
2723:
2602:
2536:
2524:
2457:
2381:
2348:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2248:
2237:
2049:
1278:. Geneva: United Nations.
103:
95:
85:
75:
65:
55:
45:
31:
20:
2471:Compulsory sterilization
2368:Turks and Caicos Islands
1011:Identification documents
915:Benjamín-Maricarmen case
256:Compulsory sterilization
1887:, ed. (February 2009).
1728:(in Spanish). July 2017
2929:Non-binary recognition
2748:Intersex Awareness Day
2671:Ancient Greek religion
2594:Sexual differentiation
2283:British Virgin Islands
1851:Ministerio de Justicia
1395:10.1542/peds.2006-0738
1000:Ministry for Education
972:
933:Supreme Court of Chile
931:, but ended up in the
871:
846:
709:Non-binary recognition
514:Intersex Awareness Day
376:Sexual differentiation
236:
3809:LGBTQ rights in Chile
3466:Investigations Police
3129:Presidential Republic
3105:Conservative Republic
3097:Republic Organization
2621:Fictional characters
2562:Medical interventions
2518:Yogyakarta Principles
2503:Medical interventions
2196:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1806:(in European Spanish)
1780:(in European Spanish)
1059:Intersex human rights
1037:On 14 June 2012, the
946:
901:In July 2018, the UN
873:In January 2016, the
866:
851:Intersex human rights
849:Further information:
837:medical interventions
830:
799:Further information:
412:Fictional characters
344:Medical interventions
303:Yogyakarta Principles
288:Medical interventions
235:
3435:Constitutional Court
3313:World Heritage Sites
3145:Democracy Transition
1579:diario.latercera.com
1064:LGBT rights in Chile
925:Maule Health Service
699:Anti-gender movement
469:at the Olympic Games
3503:Ministry of Defence
2603:Society and culture
2373:U.S. Virgin Islands
2216:Trinidad and Tobago
2061:Antigua and Barbuda
2009:Brújula Intersexual
1995:Ministerio de Salud
1982:. 22 December 2015.
1980:Ministerio de Salud
1833:Ministerio de Salud
1711:. 30 December 2019.
1585:on 24 November 2012
1557:"Identidad forzada"
1511:Brújula Intersexual
1475:Brújula Intersexual
1447:Brújula Intersexual
1356:Ministerio de Salud
1250:Brújula Intersexual
1222:Ministerio de Salud
1156:www.bcn.cl/leychile
1047:Ministry of Justice
998:In April 2017, the
983:sex characteristics
957:sex characteristics
896:Brújula Intersexual
814:sex characteristics
801:Intersex in history
789:sex characteristics
395:Society and culture
3577:Telecommunications
2724:History and events
2126:Dominican Republic
1959:on 7 February 2017
1853:. 9 November 2012.
1224:. 22 December 2015
1039:Ministry of Health
1016:judicial process.
973:
875:Ministry of Health
847:
237:
3786:
3785:
3746:
3745:
3595:
3594:
3511:
3510:
3474:
3473:
3363:Political parties
3353:Foreign relations
3343:National Congress
3321:
3320:
3206:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3121:Parliamentary Era
3065:Spanish Discovery
2979:
2978:
2924:Non-binary gender
2892:Children's rights
2767:Rights by country
2646:Intersex and LGBT
2552:Genetic diagnosis
2498:Malta declaration
2493:Legal recognition
2417:
2416:
1997:. 23 August 2016.
1922:978-956-314-374-4
1898:978-987-05-5898-9
1871:(November 2015),
1636:on 4 January 2018
1326:. 11 January 2016
1098:diprece.minsal.cl
1091:"Circular No. 15"
784:
783:
662:Children's rights
537:Rights by country
427:Intersex and LGBT
329:Genetic diagnosis
283:Malta declaration
278:Legal recognition
218:
217:
108:Rights by country
3816:
3766:
3759:
3606:
3605:
3562:
3522:
3521:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3226:
3225:
3214:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3125:
3117:
3113:Liberal Republic
3109:
3101:
3093:
3085:
3077:
3073:Spanish Conquest
3069:
3061:
3039:
3038:
3030:
3029:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2983:
2982:
2967:
2966:
2656:Military service
2530:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2421:
2420:
2338:Saint Barthélemy
2298:Falkland Islands
2243:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2015:
2014:
1998:
1992:
1983:
1977:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1932:on 2 August 2020
1931:
1925:. Archived from
1914:
1902:
1880:
1879:
1855:
1854:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1635:
1628:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1552:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1531:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1507:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1478:. Archived from
1465:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1424:
1416:
1406:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1358:. 23 August 2016
1353:
1345:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1271:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1219:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1188:. Archived from
1180:(8 April 2015).
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1123:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1095:
1087:
969:
963:
950:
843:
834:
776:
769:
762:
220:
219:
36:
18:
17:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3742:
3728:Public holidays
3693:Beauty pageants
3674:
3591:
3560:
3507:
3470:
3444:
3425:Law enforcement
3377:
3317:
3278:Natural regions
3215:
3198:
3152:
3147:
3139:
3137:Pinochet Regime
3131:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3091:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3051:
3019:
3010:
2980:
2975:
2955:
2880:
2762:
2719:
2598:
2532:
2531:
2522:
2453:
2448:
2418:
2413:
2391:Central America
2377:
2252:
2244:
2235:
2052:
2045:
2042:
2005:
1990:
1986:
1975:
1971:
1962:
1960:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1912:
1899:
1877:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1835:. 14 June 2012.
1828:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1783:
1781:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1664:
1662:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1553:
1544:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1523:
1519:
1505:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1483:
1482:on 30 July 2017
1466:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1438:
1434:
1418:
1417:
1389:(2): e488–500.
1375:
1371:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1329:
1327:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1287:
1283:
1272:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1241:
1237:
1227:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1205:
1195:
1193:
1175:
1171:
1161:
1159:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1113:
1103:
1101:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1077:
1072:
1055:
1029:gender identity
1025:gender identity
1013:
979:
971:
967:
965:
961:
959:
948:
941:
917:
912:
857:
845:
841:
839:
832:
825:
803:
797:
780:
751:
750:
746:Sex differences
652:
644:
643:
539:
529:
528:
492:
481:
480:
396:
388:
387:
319:
308:
307:
251:
214:
111:
110:
41:
22:Intersex rights
12:
11:
5:
3822:
3812:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3768:
3767:
3760:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3684:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3651:
3650:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3567:Stock Exchange
3564:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3484:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3339:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3273:National parks
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3253:Extreme points
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3148:(1990–Present)
3142:
3134:
3126:
3118:
3110:
3102:
3094:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3062:
3045:
3043:
3036:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3009:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2986:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2866:
2864:United Kingdom
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2681:Hermaphroditus
2678:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2534:
2533:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2508:Sex assignment
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2478:
2476:Discrimination
2473:
2467:
2465:
2455:
2454:
2447:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2424:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2353:Sint Eustatius
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2288:Cayman Islands
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2246:
2245:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2055:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2004:
2003:External links
2001:
2000:
1999:
1984:
1969:
1942:
1921:
1903:
1897:
1881:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1838:
1817:
1791:
1765:
1739:
1714:
1696:
1672:
1647:
1615:
1596:
1566:
1542:
1517:
1493:
1460:
1432:
1369:
1337:
1309:
1281:
1263:
1235:
1203:
1192:on 4 July 2015
1169:
1142:
1111:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1012:
1009:
975:Main article:
966:
960:
955:on grounds of
953:discrimination
947:
940:
937:
916:
913:
911:
908:
840:
831:
824:
821:
796:
793:
782:
781:
779:
778:
771:
764:
756:
753:
752:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
731:Medical ethics
728:
727:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
686:
681:
680:
679:
669:
664:
659:
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
642:
641:
636:
634:United Kingdom
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
540:
535:
534:
531:
530:
527:
526:
521:
516:
511:
510:
509:
504:
493:
487:
486:
483:
482:
479:
478:
473:
472:
471:
461:
456:
455:
454:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
386:
385:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
352:
351:
341:
336:
331:
326:
320:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
305:
300:
295:
293:Sex assignment
290:
285:
280:
275:
274:
273:
263:
261:Discrimination
258:
252:
243:
242:
239:
238:
228:
227:
216:
215:
213:
212:
207:
205:United Kingdom
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
106:
105:
104:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
89:
83:
82:
79:
73:
72:
69:
63:
62:
59:
53:
52:
49:
43:
42:
37:
29:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3821:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:Public safety
3447:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3430:Supreme Court
3428:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3146:
3143:
3138:
3135:
3130:
3127:
3122:
3119:
3114:
3111:
3106:
3103:
3098:
3095:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3079:
3074:
3071:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3007:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2972:
2971:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2869:United States
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
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2739:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Gender system
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:Quigley scale
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2579:Phall-O-Meter
2577:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2557:Hermaphrodite
2555:
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2408:South America
2405:
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2401:
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2386:North America
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2303:French Guiana
2301:
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2227:
2224:
2222:
2221:United States
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
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2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
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2164:
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2159:
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2149:
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2139:
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2129:
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2119:
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2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
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2007:
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1996:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1970:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1911:
1910:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1885:Cabral, Mauro
1882:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1834:
1827:
1821:
1805:
1804:www.movilh.cl
1801:
1795:
1779:
1778:www.movilh.cl
1775:
1769:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1724:
1718:
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1700:
1682:
1676:
1661:
1660:www.senado.cl
1657:
1651:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1611:
1610:www.camara.cl
1607:
1600:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1563:(in Spanish).
1562:
1558:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1528:
1521:
1513:
1512:
1504:
1497:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1464:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1436:
1428:
1422:
1414:
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1392:
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1384:
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1373:
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1298:
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1252:
1251:
1246:
1239:
1223:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1178:Cabral, Mauro
1173:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1099:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1008:
1004:
1001:
996:
994:
993:
988:
984:
978:
958:
954:
945:
936:
934:
930:
926:
921:
907:
904:
899:
897:
892:
886:
884:
878:
876:
870:
865:
861:
856:
852:
838:
829:
820:
817:
815:
810:
807:
802:
792:
790:
777:
772:
770:
765:
763:
758:
757:
755:
754:
747:
744:
742:
739:
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734:
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729:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
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692:
691:
690:
687:
685:
682:
678:
675:
674:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
657:Hermaphrodite
655:
654:
648:
647:
640:
639:United States
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
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384:
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379:
377:
374:
372:
371:Quigley scale
369:
367:
364:
362:
361:Phall-O-Meter
359:
357:
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350:
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346:
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342:
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35:
30:
27:
23:
19:
16:
3618:Demographics
3539:Central Bank
3417:
3408:Human rights
3396:Constitution
3179:Expansionism
3089:Independence
2968:
2939:Third gender
2934:Queer theory
2839:South Africa
2788:
2584:Prader scale
2574:Orchidometer
2481:Human rights
2463:legal issues
2459:Human rights
2406:
2358:Sint Maarten
2343:Saint Martin
2250:Dependencies
2100:
1994:
1979:
1961:. Retrieved
1957:the original
1950:
1934:. Retrieved
1927:the original
1908:
1888:
1873:
1862:Bibliography
1850:
1841:
1832:
1820:
1808:. Retrieved
1803:
1794:
1782:. Retrieved
1777:
1768:
1756:. Retrieved
1751:
1742:
1730:. Retrieved
1717:
1708:
1699:
1687:. Retrieved
1675:
1663:. Retrieved
1659:
1650:
1638:. Retrieved
1631:the original
1618:
1609:
1599:
1587:. Retrieved
1583:the original
1578:
1569:
1561:www.paula.cl
1560:
1533:. Retrieved
1520:
1509:
1496:
1484:. Retrieved
1480:the original
1473:
1463:
1451:. Retrieved
1445:
1435:
1421:cite journal
1386:
1382:
1372:
1360:. Retrieved
1355:
1328:. Retrieved
1321:
1312:
1300:. Retrieved
1294:
1284:
1254:. Retrieved
1248:
1238:
1226:. Retrieved
1221:
1194:. Retrieved
1190:the original
1172:
1160:. Retrieved
1158:(in Spanish)
1155:
1145:
1133:. Retrieved
1102:. Retrieved
1097:
1044:
1036:
1033:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1005:
997:
990:
980:
922:
918:
900:
887:
879:
872:
867:
862:
858:
818:
811:
808:
804:
785:
719:Third gender
714:Queer theory
609:South Africa
558:
380:
366:Prader scale
356:Orchidometer
266:Human rights
249:legal issues
245:Human rights
180:South Africa
129:
15:
3633:Immigration
3534:Aquaculture
3529:Agriculture
3461:Gendarmerie
3456:Carabineros
3308:Lighthouses
3248:Environment
3243:Earthquakes
3164:Agriculture
3140:(1973–1990)
3132:(1925–1973)
3124:(1891–1925)
3116:(1861–1891)
3108:(1831–1861)
3100:(1823–1831)
3092:(1810–1826)
3084:(1600–1810)
3076:(1540–1600)
3068:(1536–1540)
3049:Prehispanic
2944:Transgender
2849:Switzerland
2834:New Zealand
2705:Researchers
2540:and biology
2328:Puerto Rico
2255:territories
2201:Saint Lucia
2136:El Salvador
1952:El Mercurio
1589:15 February
1535:27 February
1362:27 February
1302:27 February
1256:5 September
1228:27 February
1162:11 December
724:Transgender
619:Switzerland
604:New Zealand
459:Researchers
334:Definitions
318:and biology
190:Switzerland
175:New Zealand
3793:Categories
3738:Television
3723:Newspapers
3708:Literature
3648:Indigenous
3628:Healthcare
3561:(currency)
3391:Civil Code
3373:Ministries
3358:Government
2897:Disability
2736:of surgery
2715:Television
2691:Androgynos
2676:Aphroditus
2651:Literature
2323:Montserrat
2318:Martinique
2313:Guadeloupe
2111:Costa Rica
1963:7 February
1936:7 February
1752:La Tercera
1689:18 January
1383:Pediatrics
1104:8 December
1070:References
704:Non-binary
672:Disability
502:of surgery
491:and events
476:Television
432:Literature
339:Healthcare
3718:Mythology
3660:Squatting
3638:Languages
3623:Education
3587:Transport
3544:Companies
3488:Air Force
3368:President
3348:Elections
3303:Volcanoes
3283:Provinces
3221:Geography
2919:Androgyny
2779:Australia
2774:Argentina
2636:Guevedoce
2612:(antonym)
2396:Caribbean
2308:Greenland
2231:Venezuela
2176:Nicaragua
2146:Guatemala
2066:Argentina
2051:Sovereign
1665:18 August
1330:3 January
694:Androgyny
549:Australia
544:Argentina
403:(antonym)
120:Australia
115:Argentina
3773:Category
3655:Religion
3554:Forestry
3480:Military
3418:Intersex
3327:Politics
3189:Maritime
3174:Economic
3169:Banditry
3157:By topic
3081:Colonial
3034:Timeline
3017:articles
2970:Category
2885:See also
2874:military
2799:Colombia
2741:timeline
2687:Judaism
2666:Religion
2538:Medicine
2451:Intersex
2263:Anguilla
2211:Suriname
2186:Paraguay
2161:Honduras
2121:Dominica
2106:Colombia
2076:Barbados
1758:16 March
1732:16 March
1413:16882788
1135:15 March
1053:See also
651:See also
569:Colombia
507:timeline
447:Military
442:Religion
316:Medicine
224:Intersex
140:Colombia
96:Marriage
3757:Outline
3703:Cuisine
3680:Culture
3601:Society
3582:Tourism
3517:Economy
3401:History
3288:Regions
3268:Islands
3263:Geology
3238:Climate
3042:Periods
3025:History
2809:Germany
2731:History
2610:Endosex
2567:history
2486:reports
2293:Curaçao
2278:Bonaire
2273:Bermuda
2226:Uruguay
2166:Jamaica
2141:Grenada
2131:Ecuador
2086:Bolivia
2071:Bahamas
1404:2082839
795:History
579:Germany
497:History
489:History
401:Endosex
382:more...
349:history
271:reports
150:Germany
3778:Portal
3733:Sports
3698:Cinema
3643:People
3572:Mining
3549:Energy
3293:Rivers
3233:Cities
3184:Mining
3056:–1536
3015:
2909:Gender
2902:rights
2859:Uganda
2854:Taiwan
2824:Mexico
2804:France
2784:Canada
2696:Tumtum
2661:People
2181:Panama
2171:Mexico
2151:Guyana
2096:Canada
2091:Brazil
2081:Belize
2053:states
1919:
1895:
1640:21 May
1486:9 July
1453:9 July
1411:
1401:
1196:3 July
968:
962:
949:
842:
833:
736:Rights
684:Gender
677:rights
629:Uganda
624:Taiwan
594:Mexico
574:France
554:Canada
437:People
226:topics
200:Uganda
195:Taiwan
165:Mexico
145:France
125:Canada
3764:Index
3713:Music
3670:Women
3613:Crime
3559:Peso
3298:Lakes
3013:Chile
2844:Spain
2829:Nepal
2819:Malta
2814:Kenya
2794:China
2789:Chile
2626:Films
2268:Aruba
2156:Haiti
2101:Chile
1991:(PDF)
1976:(PDF)
1930:(PDF)
1913:(PDF)
1878:(PDF)
1829:(PDF)
1810:9 May
1784:9 May
1726:(PDF)
1684:(PDF)
1634:(PDF)
1627:(PDF)
1530:(PDF)
1506:(PDF)
1352:(PDF)
1218:(PDF)
1130:(PDF)
1094:(PDF)
929:Talca
883:Malta
614:Spain
599:Nepal
589:Malta
584:Kenya
564:China
559:Chile
417:Films
185:Spain
170:Nepal
160:Malta
155:Kenya
135:China
130:Chile
39:Chile
26:Chile
3688:Arts
3498:Navy
3493:Army
3413:LGBT
3194:Wars
2914:LGBT
2641:Flag
2461:and
2333:Saba
2253:and
2191:Peru
2116:Cuba
1965:2017
1938:2017
1917:ISBN
1893:ISBN
1812:2017
1786:2017
1760:2018
1734:2018
1691:2020
1667:2021
1642:2017
1591:2017
1537:2021
1488:2017
1455:2017
1427:link
1409:PMID
1364:2021
1332:2017
1304:2021
1258:2018
1230:2021
1198:2015
1164:2021
1137:2022
1106:2023
853:and
689:LGBT
422:Flag
247:and
3383:Law
3054:ACN
1399:PMC
1391:doi
1387:118
741:Sex
99:Yes
91:Yes
81:Yes
71:Yes
61:Yes
51:Yes
24:in
3795::
3058:AD
1993:.
1978:.
1949:.
1849:.
1831:.
1802:.
1776:.
1750:.
1707:.
1658:.
1608:.
1577:.
1559:.
1545:^
1508:.
1472:.
1444:.
1423:}}
1419:{{
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1397:.
1385:.
1381:.
1354:.
1340:^
1320:.
1293:.
1266:^
1247:.
1220:.
1206:^
1184:.
1154:.
1114:^
1096:.
1078:^
885:.
816:.
452:US
3060:)
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1967:.
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1901:.
1814:.
1788:.
1762:.
1736:.
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1644:.
1612:.
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1490:.
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1429:)
1415:.
1393::
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