744:
864:
31:
767:
60:
809:
828:. Because of its density and high biomass, cogongrass provides a very high fuel load, enabling wildfires to burn faster, higher, and much hotter. This is hot enough to kill most competing plants, including trees. After a fire, cogongrass will recolonize the area using their rhizome network which was unaffected by the fire.
1056:
Cogongrass is difficult to contain mainly because it is highly adaptive to harsher environments, establishing itself on soils low in fertility. The grass can also grow on sand and clay. It is not eaten by many species of animal, further contributing to containment difficulties. The grass tends to be
854:
in that people who start out strong on a project can end up procrastinating and never getting it done. They are ultimately distinct concepts, however—someone can exhibit short-lived enthusiasm and quit without procrastinating, and someone can procrastinate without ever having any enthusiasm for the
722:
are about 2 cm wide in average and 12–80 cm in length near the base of the plant and narrow to a sharp point at the top; the margins are finely toothed and are embedded with sharp silica crystals. The main vein is a lighter colour than the rest of the leaf and tends to be nearer to one side of
912:
Imperata
Cylindrica is a common medicinal spice that could be used to potentially cure human cervical cancer. This plant displayed dose-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo in mice bearing tumors. Imperata C. was significantly seen to inhbit cell growth and attack against other cells.
1450:
1407:
The structures of arundoin, cylindrin and fernenol : Triterpenoids of fernane and arborane groups of imperata cylindrica var. koenigii. K. Nishimoto, M. Ito and S. Natori, Tetrahedron, 1968, Volume 24, Issue 2, Pages 735–752,
849:
for quitters, specifically people who show a fervent interest in a new project but lose interest quickly, in reference to the propensity of cogongrass to catch fire and burn out quickly. Ningas kugon is somewhat related to
1753:
824:. It is highly flammable, even when still apparently green, particularly in tropical climates. It is not uncommon to see hillsides of cogongrass on fire. Cogongrass depends on regular fires to spread and maintain
886:
It is planted extensively for ground cover and soil stabilization near beach areas and other areas subject to erosion. Other uses include paper-making, thatching and weaving into mats and bags. It is used in
1465:
1018:
in the area, it was cultivated for fodder for livestock and erosion control. It failed to prevent erosion because of how weedy it was, and animals would not eat it as fodder. It is now listed as a
1053:
and extermination of this plant is especially difficult because cogongrass establishes root systems as deep as four feet, and regrowth can be triggered by rhizome segments as small as one inch.
1916:"Cogongrass biology and management in the southeastern U.S. University of Florida, Southern Regional Extension Forestry, 2018 Candice Prince, Gregory MacDonald, Stephen Enloe, and David Coyle"
1984:
Dozier, Hallie; Gaffney, James F.; McDonald, Sandra K.; Johnson, Eric R. R. L.; Shilling, Donn G. (1998-01-01). "Cogongrass in the United States: History, Ecology, Impacts, and
Management".
1682:"CD24 gene inhibition and TIMP-4 gene upregulation by Imperata cylindrica's root extract prevents metastasis of CaSki cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/snail signaling pathway and blocking EMT"
2216:
1901:
1591:
1761:
715:
of which accounts for 60% of the total biomass of the plant. They can penetrate up to 1.2 m (3.9 ft) deep, but 0.4 m (1.3 ft) is typical in sandy soil.
988:
tendencies. The chemicals it releases as well as the dense mat of vegetation that usually accompanies a cogongrass invasion gives it an advantage over indigenous plants.
1838:
707:
Cogongrass grows from 0.2–3 m (0.66–9.84 ft) tall, its stalk is firm and has nodes covered with long white hairs. Each clump that grows shares an extensive
1890:. Imperial Agricultural Bureaux Joint Publication No. 7. Oxford & Aberystwyth, U.K.: Imperial Forestry Bureau & Imperial Bureau of Pastures and Forage Crops.
743:
2162:
1929:
237:
957:. Worldwide it has been observed from 45°N to 45°S. It grows on wet lands, dry lands, areas of high salinity, organic soils, clay soils, and sandy soils of
2051:
1010:, state governments have various eradication efforts in place, and deliberate propagation is prohibited by some authorities. Cogongrass came to the
2201:
2179:
1045:. Burnoff is seldom successful since the grass burns at a high temperature, causing heat damage to trees which would ordinarily be undamaged by a
2928:
2551:
1958:
358:
1915:
2753:
2616:
2367:
287:
2146:
793:
338:
1425:
3048:
797:
789:
2714:
2889:
2463:
1566:
2941:
2902:
2577:
2502:
1119:
1110:
1489:
1459:) pastures and its Effect of Dry Matter Yield and Animal Production in the Markham Valley, Papua New Guinea by P.A. Chadhokar"
2595:
1368:
1280:
2946:
2693:
2582:
1735:
2401:
2362:
2159:
1933:
3043:
1614:
1527:
973:
is found in areas where the soil has been disturbed, such as roadsides, building sites, timber harvesting areas, and
2794:
2476:
2621:
1680:
Nayim, Paul; Mbaveng, Armelle T.; Sanjukta, Mukherjee; Rikesh, Jain; Kuete, Victor; Sudhir, Krishna (2021-07-15).
2915:
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1139:
368:
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1823:
2789:
1786:
2969:
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2059:
1115:
2445:
2432:
888:
277:
3038:
2863:
2740:
2564:
2328:
2323:
2310:
723:
the leaf. The upper surface is hairy near the base of the plant while the underside is usually hairless.
3033:
3023:
2964:
2907:
2727:
2507:
1101:
1011:
1007:
942:
863:
570:
293:
1681:
1204:
3053:
2956:
2644:
2590:
977:. It is able to invade both moist and dry upland pine forests. Once established it often forms dense
59:
2138:
3028:
2027:
2608:
1387:
Sellers, B. A.; Ferrell, J. A.; MacDonald, G. E.; Enloe, S. F.; Flory, S. L. (2002). "Cogongrass (
2683:
2440:
2354:
1333:
378:
257:
2719:
319:
3018:
2933:
2556:
2427:
2233:
1257:. Pacific Linguistics Series D – No. 55. Canberra: Australian National University. p. 25.
945:(and, according to a 2003 survey, has overtaken more acreage in that region than the notorious
883:
of traditional homes throughout south-east Asia, and is even grown as a crop for this purpose.
2092:
1652:
1515:
2781:
1429:
405:
186:
2670:
1205:"This 'vicious' invasive plant burns hot enough to kill trees and stabs them with its roots"
2530:
2375:
2145:— information and control resources from the National Invasive Species Information Center,
1630:
1019:
334:
2804:
766:
8:
2678:
825:
688:
589:
The species is most commonly known in
English as "cogongrass" (also "cogon grass"), from
455:
207:
2282:
1570:
1325:
1057:
averse to dense shade, but reports indicate more shade-tolerant strains are developing.
2990:
2812:
2706:
2009:
2001:
1866:
1717:
1296:
215:
54:
2758:
2419:
2100:
2876:
2665:
2336:
1858:
1721:
1709:
1701:
1610:
1523:
1413:
1364:
1276:
601:
590:
577:, and can spread rapidly by colonizing disturbed areas and encouraging more frequent
2013:
1870:
1493:
30:
2995:
2881:
2817:
2341:
2151:
2108:
1993:
1954:
1850:
1693:
1605:
Holm, LeRoy G.; Plucknett, Donald L.; Pancho, Juan V.; Herberger, James P. (1977).
1409:
1266:
1258:
1015:
938:
899:
846:
813:
727:
597:
522:
490:
42:
2868:
2855:
2494:
1229:
2844:
2745:
2652:
2481:
2315:
2302:
2166:
2129:
WageningenUR.nl: "From
Imperata cylindrica Grasslands to productive Agroforestry"
1885:
1824:"Avoid this plant at your local garden center. It's 'world's most invasive weed'"
1066:
1046:
851:
558:
546:
97:
2122:
2701:
2292:
2222:
692:
84:
1997:
1959:"Cogongrass: Mississippi fights to control one of world's most invasive weeds"
1887:
Imperata cylindrica: Taxonomy, distribution, economic significance and control
1854:
1697:
3012:
2406:
2256:
1862:
1739:
1705:
1547:(L.) Beauv. (Cogongrass) invasion on fire regime in Florida sandhill (USA)".
950:
926:
906:
880:
678:
667:
562:
203:
110:
2634:
902:, including the red-leaved 'Red Baron', also known as Japanese blood grass.
2982:
2771:
2569:
2082:
1713:
984:
In addition to outcompeting species for resources, the grass also exhibits
786:
681:
2657:
2193:
1902:"Cogongrass Resources | National Invasive Species Information Center"
1174:
1014:
in the early 1900s as shipping material in crates. Before it was named an
2603:
2515:
2265:
1760:. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Archived from
1027:
985:
978:
909:
and shoots may be eaten cooked, and the roots contain starch and sugars.
832:
757:
153:
123:
2455:
1736:"Aggressive weed becoming a menace worse than kudzu, UF researcher says"
2894:
2468:
2005:
1271:
1255:
Ngadha Text
Tradition: The Collective Mind of the Ngadha People, Flores
1050:
1038:
974:
842:
550:
2520:
2028:"Imperata cylindrica | UF/IFAS Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants"
1522:. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, USDA. p. 103.
1037:. Currently, the most effective herbicides used to control growth are
961:
from 4.0 to 7.5. It prefers full sun but will tolerate some shade. In
2489:
2414:
2388:
1034:
821:
574:
566:
554:
323:
2543:
2227:
1797:
1262:
2977:
2838:
2766:
2250:
2173:"Cogongrass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. in the Southeast U.S."
1042:
1023:
922:
895:
868:
753:
685:
671:
578:
308:
163:
2920:
2393:
1392:
2629:
2349:
1358:
1075:
1000:
996:
962:
958:
731:
712:
708:
267:
143:
2380:
1787:"Identification and Control Methods for Cogongrass in Tennessee"
808:
1963:
1520:
Wildland Fire in
Ecosystems: Fire and nonnative invasive plants
1516:"Fire and Nonnative Invasive Plants in the Southeast Bioregion"
1061:
954:
934:
930:
435:
348:
247:
133:
2128:
1391:) Biology, Ecology, and Management in Florida Grazing Lands".
2172:
1071:
946:
531:
465:
425:
415:
304:
71:
46:
2147:
U.S. Department of
Agriculture National Agricultural Library
1983:
1604:
1592:"Little-Known Power of Ningas Kugon to Create Breakthroughs"
1386:
1359:
Middleton, D.J.; Leong-Škorničková, J.; Lindsay, S. (2019).
1181:. Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International (CABI)
2087:(L.) Raeuschel in smallholder farms in developing countries
992:
734:
slightly above its stalks that grow tall as high as 28 cm.
719:
549:
rhizomatous grass native to tropical and subtropical Asia,
537:
505:
496:
445:
1679:
2125:, Plant Conservation Alliance's Alien Plant Working Group
2089:, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
502:
1633:. Acupuncturetoday - traditional Chinese medicine (tcm)
1947:
1426:"Species Description: Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv"
1030:
it is mostly concentrated in the south of the state.
534:
528:
508:
493:
1609:. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii. p. 70.
2093:PFAF.org: Cultivation and edible/medicinal uses of
941:in some areas. In the U.S. it survives best in the
525:
499:
949:), but has been reported to exist as far north as
1607:The World's Worst Weeds: distribution and biology
3010:
2202:Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
2180:Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
1953:
1849:(2). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 177–179.
937:in addition to many islands and is listed as an
1877:
1830:
995:, which are easily carried by the wind, and
1930:"Arkansas Invasive Pests | Cogongrass"
1908:
1514:Stocker, Randall; Hupp, Karen V.S. (2008).
1513:
2155:in Guide to Invasive and Hegemonic Grasses
2058:. www.tropicalforages.info. Archived from
1821:
1542:
1536:
1382:
1380:
29:
2160:Arkansas Invasive Pests | Cogongrass
1839:"Cogongrass in Alabama after Sixty Years"
1796:. University of Tennessee. Archived from
1363:. Vol. 7: Poales. pp. 360–362.
1270:
1198:
1196:
879:It is regarded as an excellent plant for
1567:"Filipino Culture: What is Ningas Cogon"
1397:. Agronomy Department, UF/IFAS Extensio.
1252:
1049:; it also recovers from a burn quickly.
921:The plant has become naturalized in the
862:
807:
607:. Other common names in English include
1883:
1836:
1507:
1377:
1297:"Imperata cylindrica - Species Details"
1202:
1120:United States Department of Agriculture
1111:Germplasm Resources Information Network
858:
3011:
1822:Mazhukhina, Karina (August 27, 2021).
1193:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1096:
1094:
2232:
2231:
1780:
1778:
1543:Lippincott, C.L. (2000). "Effects of
1354:
1352:
1350:
1248:
1246:
898:have been selected for garden use as
2957:3e708354-67f4-4c5c-accf-718927718a20
2795:5189158c-7d55-468e-b4ea-4eae4ff8cf28
2645:9a200f3b-ef0f-46f8-942f-3c71775c72b3
2223:West African plants – A Photo Guide.
1922:
1492:. Postcourier.com.pg. Archived from
1320:
1318:
1316:
1289:
1230:"Merriam-Webster Dictionary: Cogon"
1162:
1132:
1091:
1033:Control is typically by the use of
875:'Red Baron', grown as an ornamental
13:
2733:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30138371-2
2083:Characteristics and management of
1775:
1347:
1243:
1203:Pillion, Dennis (13 August 2017).
1150:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2024
726:Its flowers small and gathered on
14:
3065:
3049:Taxa named by Palisot de Beauvois
2076:
1313:
1232:. Merriam-webster.com. 2018-07-19
780:
561:. It has also been introduced to
2970:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406792-1
1784:
1490:"Fire leaves 20 without shelter"
1022:in some Southeastern States and
916:
765:
742:
521:
489:
58:
2044:
2020:
1977:
1894:
1815:
1746:
1728:
1673:
1645:
1623:
1598:
1584:
1559:
1482:
1443:
1418:
1401:
803:
584:
1222:
991:It spreads both through small
702:
1:
1116:Agricultural Research Service
1085:
1686:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
1414:10.1016/0040-4020(68)88023-8
1253:Djawanai, Stephanus (1983).
1078:as a biological control for
1070:is used in the countries of
999:which can be transported by
889:traditional Chinese medicine
812:Green cogongrass on fire in
7:
2105:, Grass Genera of the World
831:A common expression in the
677:. They were renamed by the
658:
573:. It is a highly flammable
10:
3070:
2133:Murniati PhD thesis (2002)
1758:Invasive Non-native Plants
1451:"'Establishment of Stylo (
1330:Smithsonian Marine Station
1148:Plants of the World Online
1012:Southeastern United States
1008:Southeastern United States
730:0.5–3 mm long from narrow
571:Southeastern United States
2828:
2240:
2194:"Cogongrass Distribution"
2123:Least Wanted: Cogon Grass
1998:10.1017/S0890037X0004464X
1855:10.1017/s004317450003681x
1698:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114111
557:, Australia, Africa, and
221:
214:
192:
185:
55:Scientific classification
53:
37:
28:
23:
3044:Plants described in 1759
2109:USDA Plants Profile for
1453:Stylosanthes Guianensis
1334:Smithsonian Institution
1301:Atlas of Florida Plants
1003:and in soil transport.
785:The plant contains the
666:was first described by
49:with mature seed heads
1884:Hubbard, C.E. (1944).
1394:Publication #SS-AGR-52
876:
867:A Japanese bloodgrass
817:
1837:Dickens, Ray (1974).
1549:Natural Areas Journal
1326:"Imperata cylindrica"
866:
811:
752:on a mountainside in
401:Saccharum cylindricum
233:Calamagrostis lagurus
1020:Federal Noxious Weed
859:Cultivation and uses
826:ecological dominance
462:Saccharum thunbergii
432:Saccharum laguroides
345:Imperata pedicellata
264:Imperata arundinacea
2830:Lagurus cylindricus
2684:Imperata cylindrica
2368:Imperata_cylindrica
2272:Imperata cylindrica
2242:Imperata cylindrica
2218:Imperata cylindrica
2153:Imperata cylindrica
2141:Imperata cylindrica
2111:Imperata cylindrica
2102:Imperata cylindrica
2095:Imperata cylindrica
2085:Imperata cylindrica
2032:plants.ifas.ufl.edu
1794:Tennessee invasives
1785:Long, Elizabeth A.
1655:Imperata cylindrica
1545:Imperata cylindrica
1457:Imperata cylindrica
1389:Imperata cylindrica
1177:Imperata cylindrica
1142:Imperata cylindrica
1104:Imperata cylindrica
1080:Imperata cylindrica
881:thatching the roofs
873:Imperata cylindrica
750:Imperata cylindrica
697:Imperata cylindrica
689:Palisot de Beauvois
675:Lagurus cylindricus
664:Imperata cylindrica
655:among other names.
484:(commonly known as
481:Imperata cylindrica
412:Saccharum europeaum
393:Lagurus cylindricus
385:Imperata thunbergii
355:Imperata praecoquis
315:Imperata laguroides
254:Imperata angolensis
196:Imperata cylindrica
39:Imperata cylindrica
3039:Grasses of Oceania
2165:2021-09-18 at the
1361:Flora of Singapore
877:
818:
670:in 1759 under the
545:) is a species of
452:Saccharum spicatum
422:Saccharum koenigii
365:Imperata robustior
330:Imperata latifolia
284:Imperata filifolia
178:I. cylindrica
3034:Grasses of Europe
3024:Grasses of Africa
3006:
3005:
2666:Open Tree of Life
2234:Taxon identifiers
1803:on April 12, 2016
1370:978-981-14-3024-4
1282:978-0-85883-283-1
1001:tilling equipment
900:ornamental plants
642:cotton wool grass
477:
476:
468:
458:
448:
438:
428:
418:
408:
397:
389:
381:
371:
361:
351:
341:
326:
311:
300:Imperata koenigii
296:
280:
270:
260:
250:
240:
3061:
3054:Ornamental grass
2999:
2998:
2986:
2985:
2973:
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2546:
2534:
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2524:
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2511:
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2472:
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2459:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2436:
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2423:
2422:
2410:
2409:
2397:
2396:
2384:
2383:
2371:
2370:
2358:
2357:
2345:
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2332:
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2319:
2318:
2306:
2305:
2296:
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2286:
2285:
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2274:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2229:
2228:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2117:invasive species
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2024:
2018:
2017:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1955:Associated Press
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1932:. Archived from
1926:
1920:
1919:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1802:
1791:
1782:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1738:. Archived from
1732:
1726:
1725:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1569:. Archived from
1563:
1557:
1556:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1464:. Archived from
1463:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1428:. Archived from
1422:
1416:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1356:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1322:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1274:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1200:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1171:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1098:
1016:invasive species
970:
847:figure of speech
820:Cogongrass is a
814:Papua New Guinea
769:
746:
544:
543:
540:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
515:
514:
511:
510:
507:
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375:Imperata sieberi
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274:Imperata dinteri
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63:
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43:Susami, Wakayama
33:
21:
20:
16:Species of grass
3069:
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3029:Grasses of Asia
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2143:Species Profile
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2054:Mucuna pruriens
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1594:. 22 June 2022.
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1067:Mucuna pruriens
1047:controlled burn
968:
919:
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852:procrastination
806:
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691:to the current
661:
587:
559:Southern Europe
524:
520:
492:
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473:
442:Saccharum sisca
244:Imperata allang
227:
226:
210:
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5:
3067:
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2996:wfo-0000877488
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2818:wfo-0000875631
2809:
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2198:Cogongrass.org
2190:
2176:Cogongrass.org
2169:
2157:
2149:
2136:
2126:
2120:
2106:
2098:
2090:
2078:
2077:External links
2075:
2073:
2072:
2043:
2019:
1992:(4): 737–743.
1976:
1957:(2020-12-16).
1946:
1921:
1907:
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1745:
1742:on 2008-05-17.
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3019:Andropogoneae
3017:
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2080:
2062:on 2008-05-15
2061:
2057:
2055:
2052:"Factsheet -
2047:
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2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
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1936:on 2021-09-18
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1779:
1764:on 2013-12-02
1763:
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1632:
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1618:
1616:0-8248-0295-0
1612:
1608:
1601:
1593:
1587:
1573:on 2011-01-15
1572:
1568:
1562:
1555:(2): 140–149.
1554:
1550:
1546:
1539:
1531:
1529:9780160814655
1525:
1521:
1517:
1510:
1496:on 2012-03-08
1495:
1491:
1485:
1471:on 2018-03-30
1467:
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1432:on 2010-07-28
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1225:
1210:
1209:Alabama Local
1206:
1199:
1197:
1180:
1179:(cogongrass)"
1178:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1149:
1145:
1144:(L.) Raeusch"
1143:
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951:West Virginia
948:
944:
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939:invasive weed
936:
932:
928:
927:Northern Asia
924:
917:Weed problems
914:
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787:triterpenoids
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745:
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739:
735:
733:
729:
724:
721:
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714:
711:network, the
710:
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694:
693:accepted name
690:
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582:
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572:
568:
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563:Latin America
560:
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519:
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487:
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467:
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187:Binomial name
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85:Tracheophytes
83:
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67:
66:
61:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2829:
2241:
2217:
2205:. Retrieved
2197:
2183:. Retrieved
2175:
2152:
2140:
2132:
2116:
2113:(cogongrass)
2110:
2101:
2094:
2084:
2064:. Retrieved
2060:the original
2053:
2046:
2035:. Retrieved
2031:
2022:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1968:. Retrieved
1962:
1949:
1938:. Retrieved
1934:the original
1924:
1910:
1896:
1886:
1879:
1846:
1843:Weed Science
1842:
1832:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1798:the original
1793:
1766:. Retrieved
1762:the original
1757:
1754:"Cogongrass"
1748:
1740:the original
1730:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1664:. Retrieved
1660:
1654:
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1625:
1606:
1600:
1586:
1575:. Retrieved
1571:the original
1561:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1519:
1509:
1498:. Retrieved
1494:the original
1484:
1473:. Retrieved
1466:the original
1456:
1455:) in Kunai (
1452:
1445:
1434:. Retrieved
1430:the original
1420:
1403:
1393:
1388:
1360:
1337:. Retrieved
1329:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:
1291:
1254:
1234:. Retrieved
1224:
1212:. Retrieved
1208:
1185:November 16,
1183:. Retrieved
1176:
1152:. Retrieved
1147:
1141:
1134:
1123:. Retrieved
1109:
1103:
1079:
1065:
1059:
1055:
1032:
1005:
990:
986:allelopathic
983:
979:monocultures
966:
920:
911:
904:
894:A number of
893:
885:
878:
872:
845:'). It is a
838:ningas kugon
837:
836:
830:
819:
804:Flammability
784:
749:
725:
717:
706:
696:
682:entomologist
674:
663:
662:
651:
650:
645:
641:
638:lalang grass
637:
633:
630:thatch grass
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:
604:
593:
588:
585:Common names
517:
485:
480:
479:
478:
461:
451:
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164:
117:
104:
91:
78:
38:
18:
2604:NatureServe
2516:iNaturalist
2266:Wikispecies
2139:Cogongrass
1272:1885/145062
1028:Mississippi
975:borrow pits
833:Philippines
758:Philippines
703:Description
634:alang-alang
626:sword grass
622:spear grass
614:blady grass
610:kunai grass
596:, from the
518:kunai grass
154:Panicoideae
150:Subfamily:
124:Commelinids
98:Angiosperms
24:Cogongrass
3013:Categories
2707:kew-420125
2702:Plant List
2544:60462577-2
2207:2021-01-02
2185:2021-01-02
2066:2008-05-21
2037:2016-03-31
1970:2021-01-02
1940:2020-10-30
1768:2013-11-25
1692:: 114111.
1666:2016-03-31
1631:"Imperata"
1577:2010-12-16
1500:2018-07-26
1475:2018-07-26
1436:2010-12-16
1306:2024-05-27
1236:2018-07-26
1125:2016-04-03
1086:References
1051:Quarantine
1039:glyphosate
1035:herbicides
971:cylindrica
843:brush fire
569:, and the
551:Micronesia
486:cogongrass
2845:Q39565130
2490:GrassBase
2446:200025558
2433:200025558
2415:FloraBase
1863:0043-1745
1807:March 30,
1722:233233738
1706:0378-8741
943:Southeast
896:cultivars
822:pyrophyte
794:cylindrin
646:kura-kura
618:satintail
579:wildfires
575:pyrophyte
567:Caribbean
555:Melanesia
547:perennial
172:Species:
68:Kingdom:
2983:25536467
2978:Tropicos
2934:11405791
2921:406792-1
2839:Wikidata
2790:VicFlora
2772:25509715
2767:Tropicos
2609:2.133529
2557:10942313
2495:imp05586
2363:eFloraSA
2251:Wikidata
2163:Archived
2014:55181258
1871:86848569
1714:33848610
1339:31 March
1043:imazapyr
1024:Arkansas
997:rhizomes
923:Americas
869:cultivar
841:('cogon
798:fernenol
790:arundoin
754:Bukidnon
732:panicles
728:pedicels
686:botanist
672:basionym
668:Linnaeus
659:Taxonomy
388:P.Beauv.
309:P.Beauv.
216:Synonyms
208:P.Beauv.
165:Imperata
140:Family:
111:Monocots
2895:5289713
2782:4962168
2630:NTFlora
2591:MoBotPF
2469:5289712
2381:1114980
2350:Ecocrop
2257:Q693409
2006:3989097
1076:Vietnam
1006:In the
963:Florida
713:biomass
709:rhizome
602:Visayan
598:Tagalog
591:Spanish
456:J.Presl
369:A.Chev.
335:Hook.f.
268:Cirillo
258:Fritsch
160:Genus:
144:Poaceae
130:Order:
72:Plantae
2954:NZOR:
2947:515589
2869:209332
2856:125767
2853:APDB:
2779:uBio:
2759:1190-1
2715:PLANTS
2671:740074
2658:118924
2642:NZOR:
2596:285406
2521:164056
2456:IMPCYL
2453:FoIO:
2407:193020
2329:272283
2300:APDB:
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855:task.
720:leaves
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2342:6N862
2316:71806
2303:50522
2290:APA:
2010:S2CID
2002:JSTOR
1867:S2CID
1801:(PDF)
1790:(PDF)
1718:S2CID
1469:(PDF)
1462:(PDF)
1072:Benin
1064:vine
1026:. In
993:seeds
947:kudzu
772:Seeds
605:kugon
594:cogón
466:Retz.
426:Retz.
416:Pers.
404:(L.)
359:Honda
339:L.Liu
305:Retz.
278:Pilg.
236:(L.)
118:Clade
105:Clade
92:Clade
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2965:POWO
2942:ITIS
2916:IPNI
2903:GRIN
2890:GBIF
2864:APNI
2805:1733
2728:POWO
2720:IMCY
2694:7815
2679:PfaF
2635:4569
2617:NCBI
2578:ITIS
2539:IPNI
2531:2433
2503:GRIN
2477:GISD
2464:GBIF
2389:EPPO
2355:1252
2324:BOLD
2311:APNI
2293:4847
2283:1407
1859:ISSN
1809:2016
1710:PMID
1702:ISSN
1661:PFAF
1639:2014
1611:ISBN
1524:ISBN
1365:ISBN
1341:2016
1277:ISBN
1216:2019
1187:2016
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933:and
796:and
718:The
684:and
652:keri
600:and
446:Cav.
406:Lam.
379:Opiz
288:Nees
225:List
2991:WFO
2877:CoL
2813:WFO
2741:RHS
2565:ISC
2441:FoC
2428:FNA
2420:453
2376:EoL
2337:CoL
2221:in
1994:doi
1851:doi
1694:doi
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