1804:
1816:
1954:, a cut-down version of the 80386 with a 16-bit data bus, mainly intended for lower-cost PCs aimed at the home, educational, and small-business markets, while the 386DX remained the high-end variant used in workstations, servers, and other demanding tasks. The CPU remained fully 32-bit internally, but the 16-bit bus was intended to simplify circuit-board layout and reduce total cost. The 16-bit bus simplified designs but hampered performance. Only 24 pins were connected to the address bus, therefore limiting addressing to 16
1996:
348:
2070:
1792:
2063:
386 CPU core, AT Bus
Controller, Memory Controller, Internal Bus Controller, Cache Control Logic along with Cache Tag SRAM and Clock. This CPU contains 855,000 transistors using one-micron CHMOS IV technology. It was available for USD $ 176 in 1,000 unit in quantities. The 25-MHz version was available in samples for USD $ 189 in 1,000-piece quantities, but that version will be available in production by end of 1991. It supports up to 32 Megabytes of physical address space.
2012:
1984:
54:
59:
2227:
2166:
1887:
1832:
1689:
577:
1785:. In this configuration the FPU operated asynchronously to the CPU, usually with a clock rate of 10 MHz. The original Compaq Deskpro 386 is an example of such design. However, this was an annoyance to those who depended on floating-point performance, as the performance advantages of the 80387 over the 80287 were significant.
2093:
systems which contain 80286 microprocessors, converting them to full blown 32-bit systems. The SnapIn 386 module is a daughtercard with 20-MHz 386SX and 16-Kbyte direct-mapped cache SRAM memory. It directly plugs into the existing 286 socket with no cables, jumpers or switches. In the winter of 1992,
1860:
and
Improve-It Technologies. Some of the fastest CPU upgrade modules featured the IBM SLC/DLC family (notable for its 16 KB L1 cache), or even the Intel 486 itself. Many 386 upgrade kits were advertised as being simple drop-in replacements, but often required complicated software to control the cache
1704:
SX and Am386DX were almost exact clones of the i386SX and i386DX. Legal disputes caused production delays for several years, but AMD's 40 MHz part eventually became very popular with computer enthusiasts as a low-cost and low-power alternative to the 25 MHz 486SX. The power draw was further
1976:
The 16 MHz 386SX contains the 100-lead BQFP. It was available for USD $ 165 in quantites of 1000. It has the performance of 2.5 to 3 MIPS as well. The low-power version was available on April 10, 1989. This version that uses 20 to 30 percent less power and has higher operating temperature up to
1652:
Prior to the 386, the difficulty of manufacturing microchips and the uncertainty of reliable supply made it desirable that any mass-market semiconductor be multi-sourced, that is, made by two or more manufacturers, the second and subsequent companies manufacturing under license from the originating
2062:
Dave
Vannier, the chief architect designed this microprocessor. It took them two years to complete this design since it uses the existing 386 architecture to implement. That assist with advanced computer-aided design tools which includes a complete simulation of system board. This die contains the
1765:
Early in production, Intel discovered a marginal circuit that could cause a system to return incorrect results from 32-bit multiply operations. Not all of the processors already manufactured were affected, so Intel tested its inventory. Processors that were found to be bug-free were marked with a
1847:, the chip that replaced the i386 contained the floating-point functionality, and the chip that replaced the i387 served very little purpose. However, the latter chip was necessary in order to provide the FERR signal to the mainboard and appear to function as a normal floating-point unit.
1645:. IBM therefore chose to rely on that processor for a couple more years. The early success of the Compaq Deskpro 386 played an important role in legitimizing the PC "clone" industry and in de-emphasizing IBM's role within it. The first computer system sold with the 386SX was the
2058:
as the i386DX. The i386SL was first available at 20 MHz clock speed, with the 25 MHz model later added. With this system, it reduced up to 40% foot space than the Intel386 SX system. That translate to lighter and more portable cost-effective system.
1855:
SRAM cache. The cache was usually 1 KB, or sometimes 8 KB in the TI variant. Some of these upgrade chips (such as the 486DRx2/SRx2) were marketed by Cyrix themselves, but they were more commonly found in kits offered by upgrade specialists such as
Kingston,
1850:
Third parties offered a wide range of upgrades, for both SX and DX systems. The most popular ones were based on the Cyrix 486DLC/SLC core, which typically offered a substantial speed improvement due to its more efficient instruction pipeline and internal
1753:/DLC were variants of Intel's design which contained a large amount of on-chip cache (8 KB, and later 16 KB). The agreement with Intel limited their use to IBM's own line of computers and upgrade boards only, so they were not available on the open market.
1375:
00000000 55 00000001 89E5 00000003 8B750C 00000006 8B7D08 00000009 FC 0000000A AC 0000000B 3C41 0000000D 7C06 0000000F 3C5A 00000011 7F02 00000013 0420 00000015 AA 00000016 84C0 00000018 75F0 0000001A 5D 0000001B C3
493:
in
October 1985. Manufacturing of the chips in significant quantities commenced in June 1986, along with the first plug-in device that allowed existing 80286-based computers to be upgraded to the 386, the Translator 386 by
1679:
processor in March 1991 after overcoming legal obstacles, thus ending Intel's 4.7-year monopoly on 386-compatible processors. From 1991 IBM also manufactured 386 chips under license for use only in IBM PCs and boards.
1995:
477:, depending on context. Over the years, successively newer implementations of the same architecture have become several hundreds of times faster than the original 80386 (and thousands of times faster than the 8086).
2409:
require a coprocessor to perform floating point calculations in hardware. Increases in floating point performance are measured in tens of thousands of times, compared to the 8086's floating point coprocessor the
533:
per second. The 25 MHz 386 version was capable of 7 MIPS. A 33 MHz 80386 was reportedly measured to operate at about 11.4 and 11.5 MIPS. At that same speed, it has the performance of 8
1156:-based memory management and protection system. The 80386 added a three-stage instruction pipeline which it brought up to total of 6-stage instruction pipeline, extended the architecture from
1641:
became the first company to design and manufacture such a major technical hardware advance on the PC platform. IBM was offered use of the 80386, but had manufacturing rights for the earlier
413:, the 80386 added a three-stage instruction pipeline which it brings up to total of 6-stage instruction pipeline, extended the architecture from 16-bits to 32-bits, and added an on-chip
378:. The first pre-production samples of the 386 were released to select developers in 1985, while mass production commenced in 1986. The processor was a significant evolution in the
1843:. This provided an upgrade path for users with i386-compatible hardware. The upgrade was a pair of chips that replaced both the i386 and i387. Since the 486DX design contained an
1770:(ΣΣ), and affected processors were marked "16 BIT S/W ONLY". These latter processors were sold as good parts, since at the time 32-bit capability was not relevant for most users.
1732:
could be (simplistically) described as a kind of 386/486 hybrid chip that included a small amount of on-chip cache. It was popular among computer enthusiasts but did poorly with
1621:
code and has been used by Algol-like languages since the late 1950s. A flat memory model is assumed, specifically, that the DS and ES segments address the same region of memory.
3082:
Intel
Corporation, "New Product Focus Component: A 32-Bit Microprocessor With A Little Help From Some Friends", Special 32-Bit Issue Solutions, November/December 1985, page 13.
2903:
Intel
Corporation, "New Product Focus Component: A 32-Bit Microprocessor With A Little Help From Some Friends", Special 32-Bit Issue Solutions, November/December 1985, page 13
2352:'s 5.x releases were the last to support the 386; support for the 386SX was cut with release 5.2, while the remaining 386 support was removed with the 6.0 release in 2005.
1210:
in protected mode despite the fact that it uses a segmented memory model in all modes was arguably the most important feature change for the x86 processor family until the
1868:
Overall, it was very difficult to configure upgrades to produce the results advertised on the packaging, and upgrades were often not very stable or not fully compatible.
2793:
Chen, Allan, "Designing a
Mainframe on a Chip: Interview with the i486 Microprocessor Design Team", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, July/August 1989, page 12
1958:, but this was not a critical constraint at the time. Performance differences were due not only to differing data-bus widths, but also due to performance-enhancing
459:. As the original implementation of the 32-bit extension of the 80286 architecture, the i386 instruction set, programming model, and binary encodings are still the
1962:
often employed on boards using the original chip. This version can run the 32-bit application software at 70 to 90 percent compare to the regular Intel386 DX CPU.
1791:
2182:
1969:
capability of the i486DX. The 387SX was an 80387 part that was compatible with the 386SX (i.e. with a 16-bit databus). The 386SX was packaged in a surface-mount
1719:. They sold poorly, due to some technical errors and incompatibilities, as well as their late appearance on the market. They were therefore short-lived products.
1736:. The Cyrix Cx486SLC and Cyrix Cx486DLC processors were pin-compatible with i386SX and i386DX respectively. These processors were also manufactured and sold by
2521:
Chen, Allan, "The 386 SL Microprocessor
Superset: The 32-bit Notebook Hits the Road", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1991, page 2
1803:
1365:
character string from one location to another, converting all alphabetic characters to lower case. The string is copied one byte (8-bit character) at a time.
2178:
2174:
3355:
502:
for 80386-based computer systems were cumbersome and expensive at first, but manufacturing was justified upon the 80386's mainstream adoption. The first
4660:
2173:
System and power management and built in peripheral and support functions: Two 82C59A interrupt controllers; Timer, Counter (3 channels); Asynchronous
1898:
in quantities of 100. The 20 MHz version was available for US$ 599 in quantities of 100. The 33 Mhz version was available on April 10, 1989.
4477:
3181:
Intel
Corporation, "New Product Focus: Components: New 25-MHz CPU is Fastest for Notebooks", Microcomputer Solutions, November/December 1991, page 11
2894:
Rant, Jon; "Extending the Legacy of Leadership: The 80386 Arrives", Intel Corporation, Special 32-Bit Issue Solutions, November/December 1985, page 2
1777:
math coprocessor was not ready in time for the introduction of the 80386, and so many of the early 80386 motherboards instead provided a socket and
4665:
4856:
4763:
4675:
3100:
Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus Components: 32-Bit Military Microprocessor: Up Front And Center", Solutions, January/February 1987, page 15
2803:
455:
The 32-bit i386 can correctly execute most code intended for the earlier 16-bit processors such as 8086 and 80286 that were ubiquitous in early
3225:
Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus: Systems: More User Can Snap In An Intel386 CPU", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 10
3216:
Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus: Systems: SnapIn 386 Module Upgrades PS/2 PCs", Microcomputer Solutions, September/October 1991, page 12
1224:
Two new segment registers have been added (FS and GS) for general-purpose programs. The single Machine Status Word of the 286 grew into eight
4680:
4670:
4655:
4482:
2694:
3273:
2468:
2885:
Intel Corporation, "Extending the Legacy of Leadership: The 80386 Arrives", Special 32-Bit Issue Solutions, November/December 1985, page 2
1762:
Intel originally intended for the 80386 to debut at 16 MHz. However, due to poor yields, it was instead introduced at 12.5 MHz.
4472:
1221:
Several new instructions have been added to 386: BSF, BSR, BT, BTS, BTR, BTC, CDQ, CWDE, LFS, LGS, LSS, MOVSX, MOVZX, SETcc, SHLD, SHRD.
1965:
The original 80386 was subsequently renamed i386DX to avoid confusion. However, Intel subsequently used the "DX" suffix to refer to the
1203:
programs in a protected environment, although some programs were not compatible. It features scaled indexing and 64-bit barrel shifter.
3685:
4708:
1705:
reduced in the "notebook models" (Am386 DXL/SXL/DXLV/SXLV), which could operate with 3.3 V and were implemented in fully static
3118:
Ellis, Simson C., "The 386 SL Microprocessor in Notebook PCs", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, March/April 1991, page 20
540:
In May 2006, Intel announced that i386 production would stop at the end of September 2007. Although it had long been obsolete as a
2722:
Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus Components: The 32-Bit Computing Engine Full Speed Ahead", Solutions, May/June 1987, page 10
1815:
4768:
3573:
1609:, an area on the stack that contains all of the parameters and local variables for the execution of the subroutine. This kind of
489:
of the 80386 development was finalized in July 1985. The 80386 was introduced as pre-production samples for software development
1665:. This decision was ultimately crucial to Intel's success in the market. The 386 was the first significant microprocessor to be
460:
3325:
1669:. Single-sourcing the 386 allowed Intel greater control over its development and substantially greater profits in later years.
3594:
1191:
of memory. With the addition of segmented addressing system, it can expand up to 64 terabytes of virtual memory. The all new
440:
of memory. With the addition of segmented addressing system, it can expand up to 64 terabytes of virtual memory. The all new
3200:
568:
continued to support i386 processors until December 11, 2012, when the kernel cut 386-specific instructions in version 3.8.
3829:
3814:
3738:
3728:
2784:
Lewnes, Ann, "The Intel386 Architecture Here to Stay", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, July/August 1989, page 2
2554:
1865:
was controlled entirely by the motherboard with the CPU being unaware, which caused problems on CPUs with internal caches.
3733:
3091:
Ashborn, Jim; "Advanced Packaging: A Little Goes A Long Way", Intel Corporation, Solutions, January/February 1986, Page 2
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3753:
3748:
3743:
1919:
Die size: 104 mm (ca. 10 mm × 10 mm) in CHMOS III and 39 mm (6 mm × 6.5 mm) in CHMOS IV.
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4384:
3604:
3583:
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3235:
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495:
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1733:
526:
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3956:
3925:
3896:
3678:
3190:
Intel Corporation, "A Guide to the Intel Architecture", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 11
3172:
Intel Corporation, "A Guide to the Intel Architecture", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 11
3109:
Intel Corporation, "A Guide to the Intel Architecture", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 11
2768:
Intel Corporation, "A Guide to the Intel Architecture", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 11
2345:
1661:, Intel's CEO at the time, made the decision not to encourage other manufacturers to produce the processor as
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technology and electronic musical instruments, among others. Some mobile phones also used (later fully static
4028:
3937:
3797:
3760:
3713:
3562:
2373:
2341:
developers cut support from the development codebase in December 2012, later released as kernel version 3.8.
2054:. The extra functions and circuit implementation techniques caused this variant to have over 3 times as many
4825:
3999:
3949:
3913:
1618:
1239:. He was responsible for extending the 80286 architecture and instruction set to 32-bits, and then led the
160:
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series to officially support the 386, requiring at least a 386DX, though a 486 or better was recommended;
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3994:
3986:
3944:
3932:
3908:
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3901:
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2807:
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1232:
DR0–DR7 were added for hardware breakpoints. New forms of the MOV instruction are used to access them.
246:
4778:
3671:
2944:
El-ayat, K. A.; Agarwal, R. K. (December 1985). "The Intel 80386 - Architecture And Implementation".
2415:
2334:
242:
2672:
1646:
4556:
3708:
3694:
3636:
3265:
2151:
This was an embedded version of the 80386SX which did not support real mode and paging in the MMU.
2017:
1934:
The military version was made using the CHMOS III process technology. It was made to withstand 105
1666:
2859:
2534:
Gomes, Lee (November–December 1985). Rant, Jon (ed.). "Behind the Scenes: The Making of the 386".
2011:
4820:
4795:
4389:
3385:
2829:
2698:
1983:
561:
534:
387:
116:
3206:. Order No. 240852-002. Intel Corporation. September 1991. p. 37 – via bitsavers.org.
2475:
4810:
3866:
3856:
3851:
3819:
3356:"Release Notes for Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 ('sarge'), Intel x86 - Upgrades from previous releases"
2268:
2235:
2039:
1894:
Original version, released in October 1985. The 16 MHz version was available for 299
1857:
1712:
1672:
1614:
1251:
1165:
525:
The first versions of the 386 had 275,000 transistors. The 20 MHz version operates at 4–5
414:
17:
2209:
i386EX: 16 MHz @2.7–3.3 volts or 20 MHz @3.0–3.6 volts or 25 MHz @4.5–5.5 volts
4800:
4522:
3645:
3011:
2988:
2103:
2099:
2043:
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2396:
architecture with advanced memory management functions and significantly better performance.
1839:
Intel later offered a modified version of its 486DX in i386 packaging, branded as the Intel
4132:
3515:
3437:
3411:
3128:
1895:
1334:
4402:
1312:, a 16- or 32-bit displacement referring to a memory location (using any addressing mode).
1183:
The 80386 featured three operating modes: real mode, protected mode and virtual mode. The
432:
The 80386 featured three operating modes: real mode, protected mode and virtual mode. The
8:
4758:
4248:
2125:
2095:
1844:
1716:
1266:
1265:
The following data types are directly supported and thus implemented by one or more i386
3654:
3548:
2913:
1852:
4805:
4638:
4633:
4420:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
2969:
2734:
Lewnes, Ann, "Welcome 80386SX", Microcomputer Solutions, September/October 1988, page 2
2497:
2005:
Deskpro computer. It is non-upgradable unless hot-air circuit-board rework is performed
1797:
A very early 80386 at 12 MHz (A80386-12), before the 32-bit multiply bug was found
1630:
1610:
1229:
1177:
507:
426:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
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4603:
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398:
of the time. The 386 began to fall out of public use starting with the release of the
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4455:
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3600:
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2621:
2593:
2090:
2086:
1970:
1737:
1354:
1277:
1207:
1192:
1051:
581:
541:
515:
503:
456:
441:
395:
3333:
2973:
4566:
4544:
4508:
4306:
4200:
4055:
3887:
3842:
3152:"Microprocessor Types and Specifications > P3 (386) Third-Generation Processors"
2953:
1236:
1225:
1161:
1157:
1149:
368:
181:
347:
4163:
4136:
3057:
2316:
2035:
1925:
Specified max clock: 12 MHz (early models), later 16, 20, 25 and 33 MHz
545:
452:
programs in a protected environment, although some programs were not compatible.
403:
150:
1140:
architecture, and extended a long line of processors that stretched back to the
485:
Development of i386 technology began in 1982 under the internal name of P3. The
406:
the 386 remained in widespread use until Intel finally discontinued it in 2007.
4703:
4367:
3655:"Reverse engineering the barrel shifter circuit on the Intel 386 processor die"
2445:
1966:
1906:
1778:
1184:
1173:
1153:
1124:
1075:
557:
436:, which debuted in the 80286, was extended to allow the 386 to address up to 4
433:
422:
371:
263:
238:
38:
4539:
4407:
2641:
1861:
or clock doubling. Part of the problem was that on most 386 motherboards, the
1172:
translation unit made it much easier to implement operating systems that used
421:
translation unit made it much easier to implement operating systems that used
4840:
4330:
4320:
4279:
4016:
2989:"Compaq Deskpro 386S: Compaq Introduces First of New Breed to Business Users"
2965:
2625:
2597:
2357:
2238:
and TTL compatible inputs (only 386SXSA). Usable with i387SX or i387SL FPUs.
2160:
1662:
1187:, which debuted in the 286, was extended to allow the 386 to address up to 4
1080:
1070:
382:
architecture, extending a long line of processors that stretched back to the
221:
3201:"Introduction to the Intel386 SL Microprocessor SuperSet Technical Overiew""
2414:, or hundreds of thousands of times compared to software implementations of
4583:
4269:
3920:
3489:
2957:
2338:
1959:
1909:-132 which was available in sampling for fourth quarter of 1985 or PQFP-132
1658:
1240:
206:
3303:
2252:
Voltage: 4.5–5.5 volts (25 and 33 MHz); 4.75–5.25 volts (40 MHz)
4489:
4440:
4430:
4325:
4292:
4287:
4274:
4233:
4227:
4221:
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2146:
1938:(Si) or greater. It was available for US$ 945 each in quantities of 100.
1145:
1111:
1103:
490:
410:
391:
319:
2934:
A. K. Ray, K. M. Bhurchandi, "Advanced microprocessors and peripherals".
2128:(FPU) designed as pin-compatible replacements for an i386 processor and
4728:
4723:
4578:
4517:
4462:
4435:
4379:
4260:
4215:
4209:
4184:
4178:
4172:
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4004:
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2435:, a derivative of the Intel 8086, that was used in the original IBM PC.
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2312:
2308:
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2055:
1935:
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An Intel i386DX 16 MHz processor with a gray ceramic heat spreader
30:
This article is about the microprocessor. For the instruction set, see
3463:
1300:, either signed (range −32,768..32,767) or unsigned (range 0..65,535).
548:. Such systems using an i386 or one of many derivatives are common in
4788:
4773:
4733:
4561:
4450:
4445:
4352:
4347:
3861:
2121:
2047:
1634:
1605:
The example code uses the EBP (base pointer) register to establish a
1200:
1095:
1090:
1085:
549:
530:
499:
449:
2405:
This considers integer performance only, as processors prior to the
4783:
4362:
4011:
3873:
3663:
2864:
2538:. No. Special 32-Bit Issue: "A Well-Bred Classic: The 80386".
2115:
2051:
1955:
1862:
1840:
1188:
486:
437:
2683:(32). Fairchild Publications: 38 – via the Internet Archive.
2226:
2215:
i386EXTC: 25 MHz @4.5–5.5 volts or 33 MHz @4.5–5.5 volts
2212:
i386EXTB: 20 MHz @2.7–3.6 volts or 25 MHz @3.0–3.6 volts
2165:
1886:
1330:, a sequence of 8-, 16- or 32-bit words (up to 4 Gbyte in length).
537:. These processors were running about 4.4 clocks per instruction.
58:
53:
37:"386 DX" redirects here. For the Russian artist and musician, see
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4713:
4551:
4534:
4494:
4415:
4396:
4374:
4074:
4069:
2353:
2349:
1831:
1688:
1254:
4738:
4504:
4357:
4342:
4051:
3883:
3058:"Intel will not fix gray-market chips with 32-bit multiply bug"
2361:
2322:
2038:. The processor offered several power-management options (e.g.
2002:
1782:
1774:
1750:
1746:
1729:
1725:
1638:
1362:
1215:
1169:
576:
511:
418:
215:
165:
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2851:
2620:. Vol. 8, no. 35. InfoWorld Media Group. p. 5.
4302:
3838:
3637:"Reverse engineering the Intel 386 processor's register cell"
3599:. Intel Microprocessor and Peripheral Handbook. Vol. 1.
2592:. Vol. 8, no. 4. InfoWorld Media Group. p. 5.
2539:
1913:
1767:
1722:
1701:
1676:
1642:
1294:, either signed (range −128..127) or unsigned (range 0..255).
565:
473:
375:
169:
31:
3386:"Release Notes for Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 ("etch"), Intel x86"
2630:
The first 80386 computers were released around October 1986.
2614:"ALR Hopes to Beat Completion With Fall Release of 386 Line"
514:; this marked the first time a fundamental component in the
4650:
4467:
4337:
4111:
2848:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2730:
2728:
2431:
This was a similar approach to that used by Intel with the
2419:
2411:
2406:
2329:) in 2005 and completely removed support in 2007 with 4.0 (
2285:
Voltage: 3.0 volts (16 MHz) or 3.3 volts (25 MHz)
2279:
2246:
2197:
2193:
2129:
1973:
and sometimes offered in a socket to allow for an upgrade.
1809:
An A80386-16 marked "16 BIT S/W ONLY" with the multiply bug
1706:
1306:, either signed (range −2..2−1) or unsigned (range 0..2−1).
1247:
1065:
553:
399:
329:
3572:— (October 1987). "4. 80386 Microprocessor Family".
2517:
2515:
4244:
4196:
3983:
3564:
Introduction to the 80386, Including the 80386 Data Sheet
2642:"Product Lets Users Write Software for 80386 at Low Cost"
1835:
Typical 386 upgrade CPUs from Cyrix and Texas Instruments
1743:
1698:
1318:, a 16-bit selector together with a 16- or 32-bit offset.
1211:
1137:
519:
379:
3578:. Microprocessors and Peripheral Handbook. Vol. 1.
2771:
2744:
2725:
2001:
A surface-mount version of Intel 80386SX processor in a
1257:
line of processors were descendants of the i386 design.
1235:
The chief architect in the development of the 80386 was
1206:
The ability for a 386 to be set up to act like it had a
544:
CPU, Intel and others had continued making the chip for
3646:"Inside the Intel 386 processor die: the clock circuit"
3628:"Examining the silicon dies of the Intel 386 processor"
2999:(31). IDG Publications: 54–56 – via Google Books.
2512:
1637:
standard into a natively 32-bit computing environment,
2602:
Introduced October 1985, production chip in June 1986.
2221:
1338:, decimal digits (0..9) represented by unpacked bytes.
518:
de facto standard was updated by a company other than
3064:. Vol. 9, no. 39. InfoWorld Publishing, Inc
2242:
Data/address bus: 16 / 26 bits (24 bits for i386SXSA)
1902:
Capable of working with 16- or 32-bit external busses
2529:
2527:
2106:
systems. Both modules were available for USD $ 495.
2860:"Linux Kernel Drops Support for Old Intel 386 CPUs"
463:for all 32-bit x86 processors, which is termed the
3621:Detailed list of early 80386 steppings (revisions)
2042:), as well as different "sleep" modes to conserve
1715:Super386 38600SX and 38600DX were developed using
3592:
3571:
3560:
3546:
2605:
2577:
2524:
2267:Transparent power management mode and integrated
2181:(1 channel); Watchdog timer (Hardware/Software);
2046:power. It also contained support for an external
1386:; Copy a null-terminated ASCII string, converting
1136:The processor was a significant evolution in the
4838:
3593:— (November 1988). "4. INTEL386™ Family".
2154:
2135:
2034:was introduced as a power-efficient version for
1269:; these data types are briefly described here.:
3362:. The Debian Project. June 2005. Archived from
3266:"Windows 98 Product Guide: System Requirements"
2745:"Intel Architecure Programming and Information"
2492:
2490:
2488:
4050:
3550:Intel 80386 Programmer's Reference Manual 1986
3242:. Microsoft. December 17, 2000. Archived from
2943:
2555:"Development Tools Support 80386 Applications"
2234:Transparent power management mode, integrated
2094:an additional to this module now supported to
1629:The first PC based on the Intel 80386 was the
3679:
3332:. Microsoft. January 29, 1999. Archived from
3296:"Windows NT 3.5x Setup Troubleshooting Guide"
2980:
2356:removed 386 support with version 4.2 (2007),
2325:dropped 386 support with the release of 3.1 (
2085:In May 1991, Intel introduced an upgrade for
1657:(4.7 years) only available from Intel, since
556:variants of) the i386 processor, such as the
3037:Prosise, Jeff (February 11, 1992). "Tutor".
2928:
2485:
3326:"Windows NT Workstation 4.0 - Requirements"
3129:"Chronology of Microprocessors (1990-1992)"
2444:The 16 MB limit was similar to that of the
1916:III, 1.5 μm, later CHMOS IV, 1 μm
1344:, two BCD digits in one byte (range 0..99).
529:. It also performs between 8,000 and 9,000
3686:
3672:
3496:. The DragonFly Project. February 26, 2008
1826:
1389:; all alphabetic characters to lower case.
57:
52:
3412:"FreeBSD/i386 5.2-RELEASE Hardware Notes"
2392:The 80286 was itself an extension of the
3652:
3643:
3634:
3625:
3438:"FreeBSD/i386 6.0-RELEASE Release Notes"
3392:. The Debian Project. September 16, 2007
2986:
2639:
2333:). Citing the maintenance burden around
2258:Specified max clock: 25, 33, 40 MHz
2225:
2164:
1885:
1830:
1687:
575:
346:
4764:Process–architecture–optimization model
3036:
2857:
2718:
2716:
2612:Ranney, Elizabeth (September 1, 1986).
2552:
2319:was the last version with 386 support.
1401:; = dst, Address of target string
1398:; = src, Address of source string
1144:. The predecessor of the 80386 was the
14:
4857:Computer-related introductions in 1985
4839:
3236:"Windows 95 Installation Requirements"
2858:Larabel, Michael (December 12, 2012).
2611:
2583:
2498:"Microprocessor Quick Reference Guide"
2185:. Usable with 80387SX or i387SL FPUs.
1977:100 °C than the regular version.
1871:
1624:
1357:source code is for a subroutine named
1199:) made it possible to run one or more
448:) made it possible to run one or more
3667:
3055:
3018:. No. 39. Ziff Davis. p. 92
3010:Rosch, Winn L. (September 29, 1987).
3009:
2670:
2533:
2271:. Usable with i387SX or i387SL FPUs.
480:
3693:
3470:. The OpenBSD project. November 2007
3444:. The FreeBSD Project. November 2005
2987:Satchell, Stephen (August 1, 1988).
2713:
2291:Specified max clock: 16, 25 MHz
3522:. The NetBSD Foundation. April 2009
3418:. The FreeBSD Project. January 2004
3276:from the original on April 20, 1999
3149:
2311:requires a 486DX or higher. In the
2222:i386CXSA and i386SXSA (or i386SXTA)
1876:
24:
2553:Goering, Richard (December 1985).
245:; SX variant: 88-pin PGA, 100-pin
25:
4873:
3537:
3056:Moran, Tom (September 28, 1987).
2709:– via The Internet Archive.
2586:"Development of 386 Accelerating"
1757:
1473:; Load AL from and increment ESI
506:to make use of the 80386 was the
4779:Intel HD, UHD, and Iris Graphics
3490:"DragonFly 1.12.0 Release Notes"
2584:Forbes, Jim (January 27, 1986).
2068:
2010:
1994:
1982:
1950:, most often referred to as the
1821:A bug-free A80386-16 marked "ΣΣ"
1814:
1802:
1790:
1243:development for the 80386 chip.
496:American Computer and Peripheral
409:Compared to its predecessor the
3867:P6 variant (Enhanced Pentium M)
3508:
3482:
3456:
3430:
3404:
3378:
3348:
3318:
3288:
3272:. Microsoft. December 4, 1998.
3258:
3228:
3219:
3210:
3193:
3184:
3175:
3166:
3143:
3121:
3112:
3103:
3094:
3085:
3076:
3049:
3030:
3003:
2937:
2914:"Intel Fellow—John H. Crawford"
2906:
2897:
2888:
2879:
2822:
2804:"Intel cashes in ancient chips"
2796:
2787:
2762:
2737:
2697:. June 27, 2009. Archived from
2687:
2664:
2640:Whitmore, Sam (June 17, 1986).
2633:
2438:
2425:
2295:
1348:
571:
510:, designed and manufactured by
351:Intel A80386DX-20 CPU die image
145:Architecture and classification
3626:Shirriff, Ken (October 2023).
2671:Rhein, Bob (August 11, 1986).
2546:
2461:
2399:
2386:
2360:with release 1.12 (2008), and
2275:Data/address bus: 16 / 26 bits
2189:Data/address bus: 16 / 26 bits
1946:In 1988, Intel introduced the
1683:
1361:that copies a null-terminated
1176:. It also offered support for
425:. It also offered support for
27:32-bit microprocessor by Intel
13:
1:
2474:. May 2, 2006. Archived from
2469:"Product Change Notification"
2455:
2374:List of Intel microprocessors
2364:with the 5.0 release (2009).
2288:Process: CHMOS V, 0.8 μm
2255:Process: CHMOS V, 0.8 μm
2203:Process: CHMOS V, 0.8 μm
2155:i386EX, i386EXTB and i386EXTC
2136:Versions for embedded systems
2080:
1633:. By extending the 16/24-bit
1284:(group of up to 32 bits) and
1260:
388:central processing unit (CPU)
3616:Intel 80386 processor family
2916:. Intel.com. August 16, 2010
1464:; Auto-increment ESI and EDI
402:processor in 1989, while in
124:12.5 MHz to 40 MHz
7:
3302:. Microsoft. Archived from
2830:"RIM BlackBerry 950 Review"
2367:
2262:
2109:
1584:; Restore the previous call
10:
4878:
2673:"ACP Is Readying 2 Boards"
2303:was the only entry in the
2177:(2 channels); Synchronous
2158:
2144:
2113:
2025:
1941:
1692:Intel i386 packaged by IBM
1675:introduced its compatible
940:
580:Block diagram of the i386
36:
29:
4847:Intel x86 microprocessors
4751:
4691:
4503:
4301:
4243:
4194:
4161:
4131:
4124:
4043:
3982:
3882:
3837:
3828:
3701:
3653:— (December 2023).
3644:— (December 2023).
3635:— (November 2023).
2660:– via Gale OneFile.
2573:– via Gale OneFile.
2448:, a comparable processor.
1929:
1922:Transistor count: 275,000
1890:Intel i386DX, 25 MHz
1881:
1653:company. The 386 was for
1649:, released in July 1988.
1542:; Convert AL to lowercase
1512:; If AL > 'Z',
1488:; If AL < 'A',
1288:(up to 4 Gbit in length).
1064:
921:
918:
904:
901:
887:
884:
869:
866:
851:
848:
833:
830:
820:
805:
802:
792:
777:
774:
759:
756:
741:
738:
723:
720:
710:
699:
696:
693:
682:
679:
676:
665:
662:
659:
648:
645:
642:
632:
359:, originally released as
340:
335:
325:
315:
310:
272:
256:
230:
205:
180:
175:
159:
149:
144:
136:
128:
114:
109:
89:
81:
73:
68:
51:
2379:
2140:
1404:; = Return address
1395:; Entry stack parameters
1380:
140:32 bits (386SX: 24 bits)
132:32 bits (386SX: 16 bits)
3516:"Announcing NetBSD 5.0"
3464:"OpenBSD 4.2 Changelog"
1827:Pin-compatible upgrades
1422:; Set up the call frame
1324:(8-bit character code).
1164:, and added an on-chip
562:Nokia 9000 Communicator
176:Physical specifications
4862:X86 microarchitectures
4852:32-bit microprocessors
3862:P6 variant (Pentium M)
3561:— (April 1986).
2958:10.1109/mm.1985.304507
2231:
2230:Intel i386CXSA, 25 MHz
2170:
2169:Intel i386EXTC, 25 MHz
1891:
1858:Evergreen Technologies
1836:
1713:Chips and Technologies
1693:
1166:memory management unit
584:
415:memory management unit
352:
2565:(17). PennWell: 33–34
2229:
2206:Specified max clock:
2168:
2120:A specially packaged
1912:Process: First types
1889:
1834:
1691:
579:
350:
3306:on February 23, 2007
2652:(24). Ziff-Davis: 11
1292:8-bit integer (byte)
1267:machine instructions
655:ccumulator register
161:Instruction set
151:Technology node
90:Common manufacturers
3336:on February 2, 1999
3246:on October 19, 2004
2836:. February 26, 2001
2481:on October 9, 2006.
2126:floating-point unit
2096:IBM PS/2 Model 50 Z
1989:80386SX 16 MHz
1872:Models and variants
1717:reverse engineering
1647:Compaq Deskpro 386S
1625:Business importance
1353:The following i386
589:
249:with 0.635 mm pitch
69:General information
48:
4661:Sandy Bridge-based
3830:Microarchitectures
3815:Microarchitectures
3543:Intel Corporation
2810:on August 13, 2011
2232:
2171:
1892:
1837:
1781:to make use of an
1694:
1631:Compaq Deskpro 386
1611:calling convention
1590:; Return to caller
1566:; If AL != 0,
1178:register debugging
587:
585:
481:Production history
461:common denominator
427:register debugging
396:personal computers
386:. The 386 was the
363:and later renamed
353:
85:September 28, 2007
46:
4834:
4833:
4747:
4746:
4120:
4119:
4039:
4038:
3300:Microsoft Support
3240:Microsoft Support
2540:Intel Corporation
2087:IBM PS/2 Model 50
1738:Texas Instruments
1603:
1602:
1575:; Repeat the loop
1521:; Skip conversion
1497:; Skip conversion
1226:control registers
1208:flat memory model
1193:virtual 8086 mode
1152:processor with a
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
936:
935:
822:Segment selectors
582:microarchitecture
542:personal computer
516:IBM PC compatible
504:personal computer
465:i386 architecture
442:virtual 8086 mode
345:
344:
297:i386SXSA/i386SXTA
16:(Redirected from
4869:
4666:Ivy Bridge-based
4257:8/16-bit databus
4129:
4128:
4048:
4047:
4044:Current products
3835:
3834:
3695:Intel processors
3688:
3681:
3674:
3665:
3664:
3658:
3649:
3640:
3631:
3610:
3589:
3568:
3557:
3555:
3547:— (1987).
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3494:dragonflybsd.org
3486:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3197:
3191:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3173:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3150:Mueller, Scott.
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2910:
2904:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2855:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2806:. Archived from
2800:
2794:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2769:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2723:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2701:on June 27, 2009
2691:
2685:
2684:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2637:
2631:
2629:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2531:
2522:
2519:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2494:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2473:
2465:
2449:
2442:
2436:
2429:
2423:
2403:
2397:
2390:
2337:primitives, the
2323:Debian GNU/Linux
2200:-144 and PGA-168
2075:i386SL from 1990
2072:
2036:laptop computers
2020:of Intel 80386SX
2014:
1998:
1986:
1877:Early 5 V models
1818:
1806:
1794:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1371:
1370:
1360:
1237:John H. Crawford
938:
937:
594:
593:
590:
586:
546:embedded systems
404:embedded systems
61:
56:
49:
45:
21:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4866:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4830:
4759:Tick–tock model
4743:
4687:
4676:Broadwell-based
4567:Extreme Edition
4499:
4297:
4239:
4190:
4157:
4116:
4035:
3978:
3878:
3824:
3697:
3692:
3607:
3586:
3553:
3540:
3535:
3525:
3523:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3499:
3497:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3473:
3471:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3447:
3445:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3421:
3419:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3395:
3393:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3369:
3367:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3339:
3337:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3309:
3307:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3279:
3277:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3249:
3247:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3224:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3157:
3155:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3131:. Islandnet.com
3127:
3126:
3122:
3117:
3113:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3077:
3067:
3065:
3054:
3050:
3035:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3012:"386s Weigh In"
3008:
3004:
2985:
2981:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2929:
2919:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2893:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2870:
2868:
2856:
2849:
2839:
2837:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2813:
2811:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2772:
2767:
2763:
2753:
2751:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2726:
2721:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2669:
2665:
2655:
2653:
2638:
2634:
2610:
2606:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2559:Computer Design
2551:
2547:
2532:
2525:
2520:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2486:
2478:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2443:
2439:
2430:
2426:
2404:
2400:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2370:
2317:Windows NT 3.51
2298:
2265:
2224:
2163:
2157:
2149:
2143:
2138:
2124:DX and a dummy
2118:
2112:
2083:
2076:
2073:
2028:
2021:
2015:
2006:
1999:
1990:
1987:
1944:
1932:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1810:
1807:
1798:
1795:
1760:
1686:
1627:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1458:; Set EDI = dst
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1446:; Set ESI = src
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1377:
1368:
1358:
1351:
1263:
1230:Debug registers
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
942:Status register
794:Program counter
712:Index registers
623:
615:
607:
599:
588:i386 registers
574:
483:
306:
268:
252:
226:
201:
198:
105:
64:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4875:
4865:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4766:
4761:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4549:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4514:
4512:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4478:NetBurst-based
4475:
4465:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4405:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4377:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4312:
4310:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4284:32-bit databus
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4266:16-bit databus
4264:
4258:
4254:
4252:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4231:
4225:
4219:
4213:
4206:
4204:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4182:
4176:
4169:
4167:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4149:
4142:
4140:
4126:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3991:
3989:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3893:
3891:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3854:
3848:
3846:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3721:
3716:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3691:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3650:
3641:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3605:
3596:Microprocessor
3590:
3584:
3575:Microprocessor
3569:
3558:
3539:
3538:External links
3536:
3534:
3533:
3507:
3481:
3455:
3429:
3403:
3377:
3366:on May 3, 2023
3347:
3317:
3287:
3257:
3227:
3218:
3209:
3192:
3183:
3174:
3165:
3142:
3120:
3111:
3102:
3093:
3084:
3075:
3048:
3029:
3002:
2979:
2936:
2927:
2905:
2896:
2887:
2878:
2847:
2821:
2795:
2786:
2770:
2761:
2749:intel80386.com
2736:
2724:
2712:
2686:
2663:
2632:
2604:
2576:
2545:
2523:
2511:
2484:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2437:
2424:
2416:floating point
2398:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2366:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2276:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2243:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2190:
2159:Main article:
2156:
2153:
2145:Main article:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2114:Main article:
2111:
2108:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2067:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2016:
2009:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1981:
1967:floating-point
1960:cache memories
1943:
1940:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1789:
1779:hardware logic
1759:
1758:Early problems
1756:
1755:
1754:
1741:
1720:
1710:
1685:
1682:
1667:single-sourced
1663:second sources
1626:
1623:
1601:
1600:
1551:; Store AL to
1383:; _strtolower:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1304:32-bit integer
1301:
1298:16-bit integer
1295:
1289:
1262:
1259:
1185:protected mode
1174:virtual memory
1132:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1042:(bit position)
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
945:
944:
934:
933:
923:
920:
916:
915:
906:
903:
899:
898:
889:
886:
882:
881:
871:
868:
864:
863:
853:
850:
846:
845:
835:
832:
828:
827:
818:
817:
807:
804:
800:
799:
790:
789:
779:
776:
772:
771:
761:
758:
754:
753:
743:
740:
736:
735:
725:
722:
718:
717:
708:
707:
701:
698:
695:
691:
690:
684:
681:
678:
674:
673:
672:ount register
667:
664:
661:
657:
656:
650:
647:
644:
640:
639:
637:(8/16/32 bits)
634:Main registers
630:
629:
627:(bit position)
624:
621:
619:
616:
613:
611:
608:
605:
603:
600:
597:
573:
570:
558:BlackBerry 950
482:
479:
434:protected mode
423:virtual memory
372:microprocessor
343:
342:
338:
337:
336:Support status
333:
332:
327:
323:
322:
317:
313:
312:
308:
307:
305:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
291:i386EX(T/TB/C)
289:
286:
283:
280:
276:
274:
270:
269:
267:
266:
260:
258:
254:
253:
251:
250:
234:
232:
228:
227:
225:
224:
218:
211:
209:
203:
202:
200:
199:
197:
196:
195:386SL: 855,000
193:
189:
186:
184:
178:
177:
173:
172:
163:
157:
156:
155:1.5 μm to 1 μm
153:
147:
146:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
122:
112:
111:
107:
106:
104:
103:
100:
97:
93:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
66:
65:
62:
39:Alexei Shulgin
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4874:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4682:
4681:Skylake-based
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4671:Haswell-based
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4656:Nehalem-based
4654:
4653:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4533:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4421:Original i586
4419:
4418:
4417:
4414:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4193:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4160:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4123:
4113:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4017:Goldmont Plus
4015:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3931:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3689:
3684:
3682:
3677:
3675:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3609:. 231630-005.
3608:
3606:1-55512-041-5
3602:
3598:
3597:
3591:
3588:. 231630-004.
3587:
3585:1-55512-073-3
3581:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3567:. 231630-002.
3566:
3565:
3559:
3552:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3495:
3491:
3485:
3469:
3465:
3459:
3443:
3439:
3433:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3335:
3331:
3330:microsoft.com
3327:
3321:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3291:
3275:
3271:
3270:microsoft.com
3267:
3261:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3222:
3213:
3202:
3196:
3187:
3178:
3169:
3158:September 17,
3153:
3146:
3135:September 17,
3130:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3097:
3088:
3079:
3063:
3059:
3052:
3044:
3040:
3033:
3017:
3013:
3006:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2983:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2940:
2931:
2920:September 17,
2915:
2909:
2900:
2891:
2882:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2854:
2852:
2835:
2834:The Gadgeteer
2831:
2825:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2790:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2765:
2750:
2746:
2740:
2731:
2729:
2719:
2717:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2667:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2608:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2580:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2542:. p. 19.
2541:
2537:
2530:
2528:
2518:
2516:
2504:September 24,
2499:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2477:
2470:
2464:
2460:
2447:
2441:
2434:
2428:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2395:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2358:DragonFly BSD
2355:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2228:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2167:
2162:
2161:Intel 80386EX
2152:
2148:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2019:
2013:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1888:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1833:
1817:
1812:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1763:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1356:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
947:
946:
943:
939:
931:
927:
924:
917:
913:
910:
907:
900:
896:
893:
890:
883:
879:
875:
872:
865:
861:
857:
854:
847:
843:
839:
836:
829:
826:
823:
819:
815:
811:
808:
801:
798:
795:
791:
787:
783:
780:
773:
769:
765:
762:
755:
751:
747:
744:
737:
733:
729:
726:
719:
716:
713:
709:
706:ase register
705:
702:
692:
689:ata register
688:
685:
675:
671:
668:
658:
654:
651:
641:
638:
635:
631:
628:
625:
620:
617:
612:
609:
604:
601:
596:
595:
592:
591:
583:
578:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
492:
488:
478:
476:
475:
470:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
394:and high-end
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
370:
366:
362:
358:
349:
339:
334:
331:
328:
324:
321:
318:
314:
309:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
287:
284:
281:
278:
277:
275:
271:
265:
262:
261:
259:
255:
248:
244:
240:
236:
235:
233:
229:
223:
222:Intel 80387SX
219:
217:
213:
212:
210:
208:
204:
194:
191:
190:
188:
187:
185:
183:
179:
174:
171:
167:
164:
162:
158:
154:
152:
148:
143:
139:
137:Address width
135:
131:
127:
123:
121:
118:
113:
108:
101:
98:
95:
94:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
60:
55:
50:
44:
40:
33:
19:
4315:
4125:Discontinued
3962:Cypress Cove
3921:Sandy Bridge
3595:
3574:
3563:
3549:
3524:. Retrieved
3519:
3510:
3498:. Retrieved
3493:
3484:
3472:. Retrieved
3467:
3458:
3446:. Retrieved
3441:
3432:
3420:. Retrieved
3415:
3406:
3396:November 10,
3394:. Retrieved
3389:
3380:
3370:September 1,
3368:. Retrieved
3364:the original
3359:
3350:
3338:. Retrieved
3334:the original
3329:
3320:
3308:. Retrieved
3304:the original
3299:
3290:
3278:. Retrieved
3269:
3260:
3250:September 1,
3248:. Retrieved
3244:the original
3239:
3230:
3221:
3212:
3195:
3186:
3177:
3168:
3156:. Retrieved
3145:
3133:. Retrieved
3123:
3114:
3105:
3096:
3087:
3078:
3066:. Retrieved
3061:
3051:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3020:. Retrieved
3015:
3005:
2996:
2992:
2982:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2930:
2918:. Retrieved
2908:
2899:
2890:
2881:
2869:. Retrieved
2863:
2838:. Retrieved
2833:
2824:
2812:. Retrieved
2808:the original
2798:
2789:
2764:
2752:. Retrieved
2748:
2739:
2703:. Retrieved
2699:the original
2689:
2680:
2676:
2666:
2654:. Retrieved
2649:
2645:
2635:
2617:
2607:
2589:
2579:
2567:. Retrieved
2562:
2558:
2548:
2535:
2502:. Retrieved
2476:the original
2463:
2440:
2427:
2401:
2388:
2343:
2339:Linux kernel
2330:
2326:
2321:
2299:
2296:Obsolescence
2266:
2233:
2172:
2150:
2119:
2084:
2061:
2050:of 16 to 64
2031:
2029:
1975:
1964:
1951:
1947:
1945:
1933:
1893:
1867:
1849:
1838:
1772:
1764:
1761:
1671:
1654:
1651:
1628:
1604:
1367:
1352:
1349:Example code
1341:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1281:
1273:
1264:
1245:
1241:microprogram
1234:
1223:
1220:
1205:
1196:
1182:
1135:
1041:
941:
929:
925:
911:
908:
894:
891:
877:
873:
859:
855:
841:
837:
824:
821:
813:
809:
797:(16/32 bits)
796:
793:
785:
781:
767:
763:
749:
745:
731:
727:
715:(16/32 bits)
714:
711:
703:
686:
669:
652:
636:
633:
626:
572:Architecture
539:
524:
491:workstations
484:
472:
468:
464:
454:
445:
431:
408:
392:workstations
374:designed by
364:
360:
356:
354:
207:Co-processor
82:Discontinued
77:October 1985
43:
3974:Golden Cove
3969:Willow Cove
3950:Cannon Lake
3468:openbsd.org
3442:freebsd.org
3416:freebsd.org
3068:November 8,
3039:PC Magazine
3022:November 8,
2952:(6): 4–22.
2871:October 14,
2656:October 14,
2569:October 14,
2147:Intel 80376
2056:transistors
1684:Compatibles
1539:'A'
1533:'a'
1509:'Z'
1485:'A'
1410:_strtolower
1359:_strtolower
1146:Intel 80286
812:nstruction
784:estination
508:Deskpro 386
411:Intel 80286
341:Unsupported
320:Intel 80286
316:Predecessor
216:Intel 80387
182:Transistors
110:Performance
4841:Categories
4769:Intel GPUs
4483:Core-based
4247:(external
4135:oriented (
4005:Silvermont
3957:Sunny Cove
3926:Ivy Bridge
3709:Processors
3526:August 31,
3520:netbsd.org
3500:August 31,
3474:August 31,
3448:August 31,
3422:August 31,
3390:debian.org
3360:debian.org
3340:August 31,
3310:August 31,
3280:August 31,
3154:. InformIT
2946:IEEE Micro
2456:References
2344:Among the
2313:Windows NT
2309:Windows 98
2305:Windows 9x
2301:Windows 95
2081:SnapIn 386
1709:circuitry.
1659:Andy Grove
1607:call frame
1342:Packed BCD
1286:bit string
1261:Data types
1142:Intel 8008
531:Dhrystones
500:Mainboards
384:Intel 8008
241:, 132-pin
129:Data width
120:clock rate
4821:Codenames
4734:StrongARM
4572:Dual-Core
4545:Dual-Core
4456:Dual-Core
4426:OverDrive
4375:A100/A110
4368:OverDrive
4162:pre-x86 (
4029:Gracemont
3938:Broadwell
3062:InfoWorld
3045:(3): 328.
2993:InfoWorld
2966:0272-1732
2840:March 15,
2754:March 15,
2705:March 15,
2626:0199-6649
2618:InfoWorld
2598:0199-6649
2590:InfoWorld
2536:Solutions
2278:Package:
2245:Package:
2192:Package:
2122:Intel 486
1905:Package:
1635:IBM PC/AT
1619:recursive
1615:reentrant
1613:supports
1322:Character
1282:bit field
1228:CR0–CR7.
1218:in 2003.
1214:released
1201:real mode
825:(16 bits)
550:aerospace
450:real mode
357:Intel 386
326:Successor
4826:Larrabee
4704:iAPX 432
4639:11th gen
4634:10th gen
4473:P6-based
4363:RapidCAD
4105:14th gen
4100:13th gen
4095:12th gen
4090:11th gen
4085:10th gen
4012:Goldmont
4000:Saltwell
3914:Westmere
3874:NetBurst
3820:Chipsets
3274:Archived
2974:23062397
2865:Phoronix
2677:MIS Week
2368:See also
2315:family,
2263:i386CXSB
2116:RapidCAD
2110:RapidCAD
1863:A20 line
1841:RapidCAD
1730:Cx486DLC
1726:Cx486SLC
1355:assembly
1280:value),
535:VAX MIPS
487:tape-out
390:of many
303:RapidCAD
300:i386CXSB
294:i386CXSA
237:132-pin
74:Launched
4816:Stratix
4752:Related
4714:Itanium
4629:9th gen
4624:8th gen
4619:7th gen
4614:6th gen
4609:5th gen
4604:4th gen
4599:3rd gen
4594:2nd gen
4589:1st gen
4552:Pentium
4535:Celeron
4495:Tolapai
4416:Pentium
4399:(1998)
4397:Celeron
4288:80387DX
4280:80387SX
4075:Pentium
4070:Celeron
4024:Tremont
3995:Bonnell
3945:Skylake
3933:Haswell
3909:Nehalem
3808:Itanium
3724:Pentium
3719:Celeron
2814:May 18,
2500:. Intel
2418:on the
2354:OpenBSD
2350:FreeBSD
2044:battery
2032:80386SL
2026:80386SL
1948:80386SX
1942:80386SX
1766:double
1316:Pointer
1278:Boolean
1255:Pentium
1168:. This
1162:32-bits
1158:16-bits
1154:segment
1048:
948:
932:egment
919:
914:egment
902:
897:egment
885:
880:egment
867:
862:egment
849:
844:egment
831:
816:ointer
752:ointer
734:ointer
417:. This
367:, is a
311:History
231:Package
220:386SX:
214:386DX:
192:275,000
4739:XScale
4509:64-bit
4505:x86-64
4410:(2004)
4307:32-bit
4270:80C187
4263:(1980)
4236:(1982)
4230:(1982)
4224:(1982)
4218:(1979)
4212:(1978)
4201:16-bit
4195:Early
4187:(1977)
4181:(1974)
4175:(1972)
4154:(1974)
4148:(1971)
4056:64-bit
4052:x86-64
3902:Penryn
3888:64-bit
3884:x86-64
3843:32-bit
3603:
3582:
3016:PC Mag
2972:
2964:
2646:PCWeek
2624:
2596:
2362:NetBSD
2196:-132,
2104:25 286
2100:30 286
2003:Compaq
1930:M80386
1882:i386DX
1751:486SLC
1747:386SLC
1655:a time
1639:Compaq
1467:again:
1363:ASCIIZ
1328:String
1310:Offset
1216:x86-64
1170:paging
1150:16-bit
1125:EFlags
766:ource
512:Compaq
419:paging
369:32-bit
285:i386SL
282:i386SX
279:i386DX
273:Models
264:PGA132
257:Socket
166:x86-16
18:I386SX
4811:PIIXs
4692:Other
4490:Quark
4303:IA-32
4293:80487
4275:80287
4234:80286
4228:80188
4222:80186
4164:8-bit
4137:4-bit
3839:IA-32
3803:Quark
3702:Lists
3554:(PDF)
3204:(PDF)
2970:S2CID
2695:"CRN"
2479:(PDF)
2472:(PDF)
2446:68000
2407:486DX
2380:Notes
2327:Sarge
2141:80376
2132:FPU.
2048:cache
1952:386SX
1914:CHMOS
1783:80287
1768:sigma
1723:Cyrix
1702:Am386
1677:Am386
1643:80286
1572:again
1548:stosb
1545:copy:
1470:lodsb
928:tack
876:xtra
788:ndex
770:ndex
730:tack
566:Linux
474:IA-32
471:, or
376:Intel
361:80386
170:IA-32
115:Max.
96:Intel
32:IA-32
4806:ICHs
4801:SCHs
4796:PCHs
4729:i960
4724:i860
4719:RISC
4709:EPIC
4699:CISC
4651:Xeon
4579:Core
4518:Atom
4468:Xeon
4463:Core
4380:Atom
4338:i486
4316:i386
4309:x86)
4261:8087
4249:FPUs
4216:8088
4210:8086
4185:8085
4179:8080
4173:8008
4152:4040
4146:4004
4112:Xeon
4080:Core
4065:Atom
3897:Core
3845:x86)
3798:Xeon
3761:Core
3714:Atom
3601:ISBN
3580:ISBN
3528:2020
3502:2020
3476:2020
3450:2020
3424:2020
3398:2023
3372:2020
3342:2020
3312:2020
3282:2020
3252:2020
3160:2010
3137:2010
3070:2003
3024:2003
2962:ISSN
2922:2010
2873:2019
2842:2018
2816:2006
2756:2018
2707:2018
2658:2021
2622:ISSN
2594:ISSN
2571:2021
2506:2023
2433:8088
2420:8086
2412:8087
2394:8086
2346:BSDs
2331:Etch
2282:-100
2280:BQFP
2249:-100
2247:BQFP
2198:SQFP
2194:PQFP
2130:i387
2102:and
2089:and
2030:The
1936:Rads
1775:i387
1773:The
1749:and
1734:OEMs
1707:CMOS
1697:The
1617:and
1596:proc
1554:test
1518:copy
1494:copy
1416:push
1413:proc
1250:and
1248:i486
1246:The
1197:VM86
1195:(or
1148:, a
1066:IOPL
858:ata
840:ode
803:EIP
775:EDI
757:ESI
748:ase
739:EBP
721:ESP
694:EBX
677:EDX
660:ECX
643:EAX
618:...
610:...
602:...
560:and
554:CMOS
527:MIPS
446:VM86
444:(or
400:i486
365:i386
355:The
330:i486
288:i376
247:BQFP
243:PQFP
47:i386
4789:Arc
4774:GMA
4523:SoC
4441:III
4431:Pro
4390:SoC
4353:DX4
4348:DX2
4326:376
4245:x87
4197:x86
4133:BCD
3987:ULV
3984:x86
3739:III
3729:Pro
2954:doi
2335:SMP
2269:MMU
2236:MMU
2183:PIO
2179:SIO
2175:SIO
2040:SMM
2018:Die
1971:QFP
1907:PGA
1896:USD
1845:FPU
1744:IBM
1699:AMD
1673:AMD
1593:end
1587:ret
1581:ebp
1578:pop
1569:jnz
1524:add
1500:cmp
1476:cmp
1461:cld
1452:edi
1449:mov
1440:esi
1437:mov
1434:esp
1428:ebp
1425:mov
1419:ebp
1335:BCD
1274:Bit
1212:AMD
1160:to
1138:x86
922:SS
905:GS
888:FS
870:ES
852:DS
834:CS
806:IP
778:DI
760:SI
742:BP
724:SP
700:BL
697:BX
683:DL
680:DX
666:CL
663:CX
649:AL
646:AX
520:IBM
469:x86
457:PCs
380:x86
239:PGA
117:CPU
102:IBM
99:AMD
4843::
4784:Xe
4528:CE
4436:II
4385:CE
4358:SL
4343:SX
4331:EX
4321:SX
3857:P6
3852:P5
3786:i9
3781:i7
3776:i5
3771:i3
3734:II
3518:.
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3440:.
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3298:.
3268:.
3238:.
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3041:.
3014:.
2997:10
2995:.
2991:.
2968:.
2960:.
2948:.
2862:.
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2773:^
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2675:.
2648:.
2644:.
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2561:.
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2514:^
2487:^
2348:,
2098:,
2091:60
2052:KB
1956:MB
1853:L1
1563:al
1557:al
1527:al
1515:jg
1503:al
1491:jl
1479:al
1252:P5
1189:GB
1180:.
1116:1
1108:0
1100:0
1062:N
1059:0
1056:R
564:.
522:.
498:.
467:,
438:GB
429:.
168:,
4644:M
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1431:,
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1392:;
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1120:C
1112:P
1104:A
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1032:1
1027:2
1022:3
1017:4
1012:5
1007:6
1002:7
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987:0
982:1
977:2
972:3
967:4
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957:6
952:7
930:S
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912:S
909:G
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874:E
860:S
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842:S
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782:D
768:I
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750:P
746:B
732:P
728:S
704:B
687:D
670:C
653:A
622:0
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606:5
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41:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
