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challenged the energy monopolists there, and successfully created a successful co-op social enterprise by 1999. A citizen's group began operating wind turbines and involving broad community ownership in the U.K. by 1995. Deregulation of the electricity markets allowed energy co-operative social entrepreneurs to begin to create alternatives to the monopolies in various countries. In France, where an enormous percentage of the power is generated by nuclear sources, this occurred after 2000. In Spain, wind power was developed by corporate-led efforts, and it took longer for a renewable energy-focused social enterprise to get established. Similar renewable energy co-ops around Europe have organized in a network.
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574:, a teacher, recognized the need for a separate women's organization within the Cooperative Movement and began organizing a "Woman's League for the Spread of Co-operation" in 1883. This League formally met for the first time during the 1883 Co-operative Congress in Edinburgh in a group of 50 women and established Acland as its organizing secretary. By 1884 it had six different branches with 195 members, and the League was renamed the Women's Cooperative Guild.
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general theory. David
Ellerman began a line of theoretical thinking beginning with legal principles, developing especially the labor theory of property, and later reaching a treatment which evaluates the role of capital in labor managed firms using the conventional economic production formula Q = f(K, L). At one point in the 1990s he worked at the World Bank with Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz.
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together. In New York City, several food co-operatives were founded around 2010, adding to others, some existing since the 1970s. The U.S. has some diverse worker co-operatives, such as a home care agency, an organic bread factory co-op and an engineering firm. Some have already incorporated environmental and/or Fair Trade criteria into their products, such as the aforementioned bread-maker,
260:, England, that was formed in 1844. As the mechanization of the Industrial Revolution was forcing more and more skilled workers into poverty, these tradesmen decided to band together to open their own store selling food items they could not otherwise afford. With lessons from prior failed attempts at co-operation in mind, they designed the now famous
650:. Mondragon Co-op was founded under the oppressive conditions of Fascist Franco Spain after community-based democracy-building activities of a priest, Jose Maria Arizmendiarrieta. They have become an extremely diverse network of co-operative enterprises, a huge enterprise in Spain, and a multinational concern. Co-operatives were also successful in
199:. It was here that the first co-operative store was opened. Spurred on by the success of this, he had the idea of forming "villages of co-operation" where workers would drag themselves out of poverty by growing their own food, making their own clothes and ultimately becoming self-governing. He tried to form such communities in
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cooperative movement." The Guild also opened the
Sunderland cooperative store in 1902, which catered to poor working-class women. It engaged in many political campaigns concerning women's health, women's suffrage and pacifism. Until recently the organisation participated in social justice activism, but has now closed.
428:" – new members who joined simply to make money from the sale – and more seriously fraud and commercial leaks. After a lengthy battle, Regan's bid was seen off and two senior CWS executives were dismissed and imprisoned for fraud. Regan was cleared of charges. The episode recharged CWS and its membership base.
711:, especially in the farming and industrial sectors. Co-housing is also common in Denmark in which residents share a common eating and gathering space. In some instances, the living spaces are financed by the Danish Housing Association, but other times residents collectively own the land and property.
238:, but rather to form a society within a society, and to start with a shop because, "We must go to a shop every day to buy food and necessaries – why then should we not go to our own shop?" He proposed sensible rules, such as having a weekly account audit, having 3 trustees, and not having meetings in
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Robert Owen (1771–1858) is considered as the father of the cooperative movement. A Welshman who made his fortune in the cotton trade, Owen believed in putting his workers in a good environment with access to education for themselves and their children. These ideas were put into effect successfully in
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Co-operatives in the U.S. have a long history, including an early factory in the 1790s. By the 1860s
Brigham Young had started applying co-operative ideas in Utah, and by the 1880s, the Knights of Labor and the Grange both promoted member-owned organizations. Energy co-operatives were founded in the
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The United States first known Co-op was the mutual fire insurance company founded in 1752 by
Benjamin Franklin. The first dairy co-op was founded in 1810 with small locals found nationwide by 1866. The first known consumer co-op in 1845 was Boston's Workingman's Protective Union. The country's first
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Renewable Energy co-operatives in Europe became important in the early development of windpower in
Denmark beginning in the 1970s. Germany followed in the early 1990s, first on a larger scale with wind co-ops, then with a citizen's movement which challenged the reliance on nuclear power, organized,
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James
Warbasse, an American doctor, became the first president of the U.S. National Co-operative Business Association. He wrote extensively on co-operative history and philosophy. Benjamin Ward began an important effort in co-operative economic theory in the 1950s, with Jaroslav Vanek developing a
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Raiffeisen and
Schultz-Delitsch developed an independently formulated co-operative model in Germany, the credit union. The model also moved abroad, reaching the United States by the 1880s and the Knights of Labour's projects. Leland Stanford, the railroad magnate and Robber Baron, became a Senator
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An alternative method of employee-ownership, the
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), was developed in the U.S. by Louis Kelso and advocated by Senator Russell Long to be incentivized in the ERISA law of 1974. For example, a large Southeastern US supermarket chain a California manufacturer, and a
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per person for a total of 28 pounds of capital. On
December 21, 1844, they opened their store with a very meagre selection of butter, sugar, flour, oatmeal and a few candles. Within three months, they expanded their selection to include tea and tobacco, and they were soon known for providing high
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in Japan, and the Self-Employed Women's
Association in India. Other noteworthy efforts include Sophon Suphapong's efforts as governor in Thailand with agricultural co-ops and Antonio Yapsutco Fortich's contributions in the Philippines helping formulate a co-operative strategy with sugar workers.
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Asian societies have adapted the co-operative model, including some of the most successful in the world. Nevertheless, the crises generated by traditional inequalities and the shareholder model continues to require civil society and entrepreneurial responses, such as the Citizens Coalition for
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in 2012. However, the majority in the U.S. demonstrate that co-operative values do not necessarily lead to a progressive social and environmental consciousness, as many remain focuses on fossil fuel and nuclear fuels. Nevertheless, new generation renewable power co-operatives have begun to be
503:
The co-operative model has a long history in the U.S., including a factory in the 1790s, the Knights of Labor, and the Grange. In Colorado, the Meadowlark cooperative administered the only private free land program in the United States, providing many services to its members who buy and sell
577:
The Guild organized around working women's issues and expanding the Cooperative Movement. It continued to publish articles advocating for women's involvement in the Cooperative Movement in the "Women's Corner," and later through its own publications such as "The importance of women for the
487:
that started after the Civil War. The co-operative movement grew during the 1890s in response to the expansion of large corporate monopolies. The country's first credit unions were in Massachusetts while The Cooperative League of the United States of America, known today as the
538:
In the United States, a co-operative association was founded by 1920. Currently there are over 29,000 co-operatives employing 2 million people with over $ 652 billion in annual revenue. To address the need for an organization oriented to newer and smaller co-ops, the
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Co-operative enterprises were formed successfully following Rochdale, and an international association was formed in 1895. Co-operative enterprises are now widespread, with one of the largest and most successful examples being the industrial
125:
By 1830, there were several hundred co-operatives. Some were initially successful, but most cooperatives founded in the early 19th century had failed by 1840. However, Lockhurst Lane Industrial Co-operative Society (founded in 1832 and now
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U.S. during the Depression and the New Deal. Diverse kinds of co-operatives were founded and have continued to perform successfully in different areas: in agriculture, wholesale purchasing, telephones, and in consumer-food buying.
234:, the first edition of which appeared on 1 May 1828. This gave a mixture of co-operative philosophy and practical advice about running a shop using cooperative principles. King advised people not to cut themselves off from
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Credit unions were established in the U.S. by 1908. Their member-owned, co-operative structure created stable governance structure, so that they were only slightly affected by the 2008 mortgage securities crisis.
440:, made major recommendations for the co-operative movement, including the organisation and marketing of the retail societies. It was in this climate that, in 2000, CWS merged with the UK's second largest society,
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Although Owen inspired the co-operative movement, others – such as Dr. William King (1786–1865) – took his ideas and made them more workable and practical. King believed in starting small, and realized that the
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Co-operatives were brought to Latin America and developed there by 1902. Substantial independent efforts to develop employee-owned enterprises or co-operatives have occurred as responses to crises, such as
397:. By 1872, it had become known as the Co-operative Wholesale Society (CWS). Through the 20th century, smaller societies merged with CWS, such as the Scottish Co-operative Wholesale Society (1973) and the
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The Fair Trade certification movement established first in the Netherlands in 1988 with an international headquarters in Bonn nine years later requires member farmers to have established a co-operative.
718:("Mitbestimmung") policies which were established, requiring large companies to include a Workers' Council in the Board of Directors. These policies have had some influence on European Union policies.
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furniture-maker with earnings of more than $ 2 billion, are employee-owned. Employee-owned trusts have also been developed more or less independently, for example at an established iron pipe company
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and advocated for co-operatives. By 1920 a national association had formed in the U.S. This organization began to develop international programs, and by the 1970s, a World Council formed.
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The Co-operative Group formed gradually over 140 years from the merger of many independent retail societies, and their wholesale societies and federations. In 1863, twenty years after the
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Emilia Romagna, Italy had two separate and strong co-operative traditions that resisted Cold War interference by US agencies and have worked effectively in conjunction with each other.
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Co-operative banks have become very successful throughout Europe, and were able to respond more effectively than most corporate banks during the 2008 mortgage-securities crisis.
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Other independent societies are part owners of the Group. Representatives of the societies that part own the Group are elected to the Group's national board. The Group manages
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Electrical co-operatives became an important economic strategy for U.S. rural areas beginning in the 1930s, and continue to operate successfully through events such as
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Muriel Calo and Timothy A. Wise, "Revaluing Peasant Coffee Production: Organic and Fair Trade Markets in Mexico", Global and Environment Institute, October 2005.
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1950:"From Illyria towards capitalism: did labour-management theory teach us anything about Yugoslavia and transition in its successor states? – Free Online Library"
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In Germany, the rebuilding of the country after World War II created a legislative opportunity in which politician Hans Boeckler significantly lobbied for the
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31:, and principles of cooperation existed long before, the cooperative movement began with the application of cooperative principles to business organization.
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By the 1990s, CWS's share of the market had declined considerably and many came to doubt the viability of co-operative model. CWS sold its factories to
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In the decades that followed, several cooperatives or cooperative societies formed including Lennoxtown Friendly Victualling Society, founded in 1812.
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Digital Collection on the History of Cooperatives in Utah: "Extension, Enterprise, and Education: the Legacy of Co-operatives and Cooperation in Utah"
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railway station. The complex is made up of many different buildings with two notable tower blocks of New Century House and the solar panel-clad
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Larsen, J.H.M., et al., "Experiences from Middelgrunden 40 MW Offshore Wind Farm", Copenhagen Offshore Wind Conference, DK, 26–28 October 2005.
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in the early 20th century to represent members of co-ops in Parliament. The Co-operative Party now has a permanent electoral pact with the
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470:(CRTG), which sources and promotes goods for food stores. There is a similar purchasing group (CTTG) for co-operative travel agents.
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141:" on which they ran their cooperative, that the basis for development and growth of the modern cooperative movement was established.
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Righter, R.W. “The Jacobs Brothers, Montana’s Pioneer ‘Windsmiths.’” Montana: The Magazine of Western History, 46:4, Winter, 1996.
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would need to set up co-operatives for themselves, so he saw his role as one of instruction. He founded a monthly periodical called
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2336:"University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives – The cooperative economics of Italy's Emilia-Romagna holds a lesson for the U.S."
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and the increasing mechanisation of the economy transformed society and threatened the livelihoods of many workers. The concurrent
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130:), and Galashiels and Hawick Co-operative Societies (1839 or earlier, merged with The Co-operative Group) still trade today.
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156:(1864, rural). While Schulze-Delitzsch is chronologically earlier, Raiffeisen has proven more influential over time – see
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businesses. There are also concrete proposals for the cooperative management of the common goods, such as the one by
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For All The People: Uncovering the Hidden History of Cooperation, Cooperative Movements, and Communalism in America
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opened their co-operative, the North of England Co-operative Society was launched by 300 individual co-ops across
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inscribed "Idea and practice of organizing shared interests in cooperatives" on the Representative List of the
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was organized in 1916 to promote cooperatives. In the late 1960s the Co-op movement entered a new phase with
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Over 160 rulebooks of co-operative societies from Great Britain and Ireland, 1877–1921, are available online
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process lead to the articulation of Solidarity Economics, a modern, activist formulation of co-operativism.
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1244:"Cooperative Home Care Associates: Participation with 1600 Employees | Grassroots Economic Organizing"
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Guadano, J.F., "Analysis of the Economic Differences Between Capitalist and Labour-Owned Enterprises",
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Ellerman, David (1 December 2004). "The Role of Capital in 'Capitalist' and in Labor-Managed Firms".
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The International Labor Organization, originally established in 1919, has a Co-operative Division.
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In many European countries, cooperative institutions have a predominant market share in the retail
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The cooperative movement began in Europe in the 19th century, primarily in Britain and France. The
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Capella, P. "Cooperative Banks Club Together and Thrive in Crisis", Swisster.ch, 17 October 2008
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Fonteyne, W. Cooperative Banks in Europe- Policy Issues. IMF Working Paper WP/07/159, July 2007.
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in 1994. Regan returned in 1997 with a £1.2 billion bid for CWS. There were allegations of "
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as an alternative to corporate agriculture that linked organic farmers to urban consumers.
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are Co-operative Party members. UK co-operatives retain a significant market share in
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The Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers was a group of 10 weavers and 20 others in
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2571:"Member Organisations | International Cooperative Alliance – Asia and Pacific"
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Agricultural co-operatives in the U.S. have had some mainstream success, including
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2419:"Ökokraftwerke: Bürger nehmen Stromversorgung selbst in die Hand – SPIEGEL ONLINE"
2048:"The Mondragon Experiment – Societies on DocuWatch – free streaming documentaries"
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Caring & Sharing: The Centenary History of the Co-operative Women's Guild
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Curl, John History of Work Cooperation in America CA: Homeward Press, 1980.
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837:"The Meaning of Rochdale: The Rochdale Pioneers and Cooperative Principles"
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and the issues they attempted to address describe the climate at the time.
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2125:"Co-operative Banks as Key Players." European Association of Co-op Banks
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Food Co-ops in America: Communities, Consumption, and Economic Democracy
872:"Lloyds Bank - Banking With Us - Our History, Heritage & Who We Are"
2793:"...empresas recuperadas in Argentina," The UK Co-operative College/ILO
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307: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1653:"Records of the Women's Cooperative Guild (Cooperative Women's Guild)"
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in the US, were invented in Germany in the mid-19th century, first by
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Ronco, WC 1974 Food Co-ops; Knupfer, AM 2013 Food Coops in America;
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An annual general meeting of a retail co-operative in England, 2005.
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2941:"Idea and practice of organizing shared interests in cooperatives"
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2912:"Coffee, Co-operatives and Competition: The Impact of Fair Trade"
2542:"Search ica.coop | ICA: International Co-operative Alliance"
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1360:"Electric co-operatives switch to the future at major conference"
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597:
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Weavers of Dreams: Founders of the Modern Cooperative Movement.
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2012:
Birchall, Johnston 1997 The International Co-operative Movement
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2921:, Michelsen Institute of Development Studies and Human Rights.
264:, and over a period of four months they struggled to pool one
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across the world. Although cooperative arrangements, such as
2278:"Employee representation in Europe – Hans-Böckler-Stiftung"
1536:. National Cooperative Business Association. Archived from
1331:"President Obama Hosts Meeting of Electrical Co-op Leaders"
617:), operated from pre-serfdom times until the 20th century.
1480:"Tastes Good, Good For You® Cranberry Juices & Snacks"
844:
Centre for Cooperative Studies, University of Saskatchewan
447:
Its headquarters complex is situated on the north side of
3095:
2379:
239:
2887:"Fairtrade International / About / History of Fairtrade"
2600:"Right Livelihood Award: 2003 - Citizens Coalition CCEJ"
1418:"Coalition brings solar energy co-ops to Baltimore area"
1731:"Beyond Capitalism: Leland Stanford's Forgotten Vision"
798:
Industrial and Provident Societies Partnership Act 1852
2823:
The Recent Rebirth of the Solidarity Economy in Brazil
2023:"Statistical information on the Co-operative Movement"
1706:"Credit Union History - America's Credit Union Museum"
1297:"Credit Union History - America's Credit Union Museum"
58:
was founded in 1769, in a barely furnished cottage in
3004:
Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution.
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Forum Brasileiro da Economia Solidaria (in Portuguese
2249:"Co-determination in Germany – Hans-Böckler-Stiftung"
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Cotton Times, understanding the industrial revolution
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Cotton Times, understanding the industrial revolution
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was the Order of the Patrons of Husbandry, known as
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The cooperative movement of Brazil and South Africa
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Whyte, W.F. and K.K. Whyte, 1988, Making Mondragon.
479:organization to promote cooperative values and the
2625:"Right Livelihood Award: 1989 - the Seikatsu Club"
581:
2650:"Right Livelihood Award: 1984 - SEWA / Ela Bhatt"
2097:Clamp, C.A., "The Internalization of Mondragon",
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1139:"Benjamin Franklin: Founding Father of Insurance"
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2114:, Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp. 255–264
1592:A Family's Fortune: A Legacy of Blood and Tears
541:United States Federation of Worker Cooperatives
242:(to avoid the temptation of drinking profits).
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3033:A short history of co-operation and mutuality
2704:"Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation – Awardees"
2675:"Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation – Awardees"
2144:"Quick facts about co-ops | Co-operatives UK"
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99:at which his poorest parishioners could hold
16:History of the type of autonomous association
588:History of the cooperative movement in China
564:, the editor of the "Women's Corner" in the
172:were earlier forms of similar institutions.
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2099:Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics
1098:. 1 January 1828 – via Google Books.
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3496:ICA Statement on the Cooperative Identity
3028:Democracy at Work: A Cure for Capitalism.
3008:Nadeau, E.G. & D.J. Thompson (1996),
2086:International Journal of Social Economics
662:gained a significant role in management.
490:National Cooperative Business Association
408:The old Co-operative building behind the
367:Learn how and when to remove this message
2977:The International Co-operative Movement.
2762:The International Co-operative Movement.
1972:
1841:"Cooperative History | lcecnet.com"
1449:"National Grape Cooperative Association"
1071:National Cooperative Grocers Association
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979:"Social strife: The birth of the co-op"
949:"Social strife: The birth of the co-op"
144:Financially, cooperative banks, called
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2951:from the original on November 21, 2019
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1631:. Manchester: Co-operative Union Ltd.
135:Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers
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3020:Whyte, W.F. & K.K. Whyte (1988),
1063:"Cooperative Principles Then and Now"
1012:Heart of England Co-operative Society
903:from the original on 7 September 2015
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834:
732:Economic Justice in South Korea, the
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316:"History of the cooperative movement"
128:Heart of England Co-operative Society
3674:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
2812:Solidarity Finance and Public Policy
2733:"About the department (ENTERPRISES)"
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1872:. Houghton Mifflin. 1 January 1975.
1590:Barstow, D et al (9 January 2003), "
1214:Greene Hill Food Co-op, Brooklyn, NY
688:In the UK, co-operatives formed the
607:In Russia the village co-operative (
305:adding citations to reliable sources
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245:
23:concerns the origins and history of
3713:History of the cooperative movement
3184:International Co-operative Alliance
2787:; Klein, N and A Lewis (2006) film
1876:from the original on 7 October 2022
1067:Co-operative Grocer (July–Aug 1994)
399:South Suburban Co-operative Society
21:history of the cooperative movement
13:
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1895:Knupfer, Anne Meis (21 May 2013).
1627:Gaffin, Jean; David Thoms (1983).
1534:"Co-op Research / Economic Impact"
1169:"History Ofcooperatives in The Us"
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273:English CWS and Co-operative Group
111:, which was the first established
14:
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2858:"About | Friends of the MST"
2307:"EUR-Lex – c10805 – EN – EUR-Lex"
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1655:. Hull University. Archived from
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1114:Co-operative Retail Trading Group
640:Mondragón Cooperative Corporation
468:Co-operative Retail Trading Group
2208:from the original on 2021-01-19.
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2810:Neiva, AC et al (2013), draft "
2804:
2777:
2754:
2743:from the original on 2016-11-25
2725:
2714:from the original on 2017-06-21
2696:
2685:from the original on 2017-06-21
2667:
2642:
2617:
2592:
2581:from the original on 2017-01-04
2563:
2534:
2509:
2484:
2459:
2435:
2410:
2401:
2390:from the original on 2016-12-26
2371:
2362:
2353:
2342:from the original on 2015-09-03
2328:
2317:from the original on 2015-05-10
2299:
2288:from the original on 2016-12-29
2270:
2241:
2230:from the original on 2021-01-16
2212:
2194:
2183:from the original on 2020-12-18
2165:
2154:from the original on 2022-10-07
2136:
2117:
2104:
2091:
2078:
2069:
2040:
2015:
2006:
1966:
1942:
1913:
1888:
1862:
1833:
1812:
1802:
1777:
1766:from the original on 2022-10-07
1752:
1741:from the original on 2017-03-13
1723:
1698:
1671:
1645:
1620:
1584:
1572:
1560:
1544:
1526:
1497:
1486:from the original on 1999-04-21
1472:
1441:
1410:
1399:from the original on 2016-12-20
1381:
1370:from the original on 2016-03-25
1352:
1341:from the original on 2016-03-31
1323:
1314:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1254:from the original on 2016-12-26
1236:
1206:
1197:
1161:
1131:
1102:
1088:
1039:. Lothian Co-op. Archived from
874:. Lloydstsb.com. Archived from
592:Chinese Industrial Cooperatives
582:Chinese Industrial Cooperatives
292:needs additional citations for
214:
211:, but both communities failed.
150:Franz Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch
133:It was not until 1844 when the
3566:Socially responsible investing
1054:
1029:
1000:
970:
940:
915:
269:quality, unadulterated goods.
175:
115:that would be merged into the
1:
3189:Cooperative wholesale society
1073:, Minneapolis. Archived from
819:
783:British co-operative movement
632:
34:
3612:Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen
3365:Health insurance cooperative
3228:Savings and loan association
2832:" in B de SS Santos (2002),
2492:"European Solar Prizes 2012"
2467:"European Solar Prizes 2013"
2054:. 1980-11-17. Archived from
1927:. 1950-06-15. Archived from
1899:. Cornell University Press.
1680:"Co-operative Women's Guild"
1426:. 2014-07-25. Archived from
923:"Lennoxtown (Local History)"
765:Intangible Cultural Heritage
451:city centre adjacent to the
442:Co-operative Retail Services
154:Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen
7:
3749:History of social movements
2783:LaVaca Collective, (2007),
2417:Lill, Tobias (2007-02-21).
2378:McCrae, Fran (2015-01-16).
985:. p. 3. Archived from
955:. p. 2. Archived from
770:
410:Gateshead Millennium Bridge
10:
3780:
3473:
1845:Lcecnet.coopwebbuilder.com
1505:"Land O'Lakes Inc. – Home"
899:. Gazetteer for Scotland.
595:
585:
557:Co-operative Women's Guild
554:
551:Co-operative Women's Guild
378:
249:
218:
179:
3708:
3680:United Farmers of Alberta
3666:
3635:
3579:
3504:
3483:
3479:
3468:
3425:
3378:
3357:
3319:
3286:
3241:
3208:
3201:
3169:
3129:
3122:
3118:
3107:
2996:Greider, William (2003),
1870:"The Food Co-op Handbook"
1820:"History of Cooperatives"
1273:Capitalism: A Love Story.
778:Agricultural cooperatives
707:Denmark has had a strong
3692:Nepal Co-operative Party
3002:Kelly, Marjorie (2012),
793:Cooperative Stock Market
746:2001 crisis in Argentina
543:was founded after 2000.
221:William King (physician)
209:United States of America
158:history of credit unions
64:Fenwick Weavers' Society
3062:: Utah State University
3026:Wolff, Richard (2012),
3014:Thompson, D.J. (1994),
2998:The Soul of Capitalism.
2821:."; Singer, P (2002), "
2220:"Cooperatives Archives"
1580:The Soul of Capitalism.
1566:Rosen, C et al (2005),
1556:The Soul of Capitalism.
1550:Rosen, C et al (2005),
1176:resources.uwcc.wisc.edu
1143:articles.lifequotes.com
897:"Rev. Dr. Henry Duncan"
434:Co-operative Commission
152:(1852, urban), then by
119:between 1970 and 1985.
3521:Cooperative federalism
3516:Co-operative economics
2791:; Howarth, M., (2007)
2123:Bevilacqua, E. (2012)
2101:, 71:4, 2000, 557–577.
2088:, 36:6, 2009, 679–691.
1994:Cite journal requires
1554:; Greider, W. (2003),
1271:Moore, M. (2009) film
1116:. 2007. Archived from
813:Sovereigns of Industry
685:
508:, and Equal Exchange.
464:The Co-operative brand
417:
381:The Co-operative Group
97:depository institution
60:Fenwick, East Ayrshire
3334:Community wind energy
3130:Primary cooperative (
2988:Derr, Jascha (2013),
2766:ICA – Americas Region
2112:Yugoslavia as History
1225:Food Co-op Initiative
788:Cooperative economics
683:
407:
54:The first documented
41:Industrial Revolution
3764:Private aid programs
3759:Mutual organizations
3754:Mutualism (movement)
3739:Cooperative movement
3101:mutual organizations
2834:Produzir Para Viver.
2760:Birchall, J. (1997)
2052:Societies.docuwat.ch
1578:Greider, W. (2003),
709:cooperative movement
301:improve this article
205:New Harmony, Indiana
117:Trustee Savings Bank
109:sickness and old-age
56:consumer cooperative
3491:Rochdale Principles
3438:Agent-owned company
3223:Mutual savings bank
2981:Curl, John (2009),
1921:"Cooperative Peace"
1909:– via Amazon.
1884:– via Amazon.
1789:Blog.utahscouts.org
481:Rochdale Principles
453:Manchester Victoria
414:Newcastle upon Tyne
262:Rochdale Principles
203:in Scotland and in
170:mutual savings bank
139:Rochdale Principles
78:Presbyterian Church
3686:Co-operative Party
3571:Solidarity economy
3531:Economic democracy
3296:Collective farming
3010:Cooperation Works!
2973:Birchall, Johnston
2917:2015-09-22 at the
2843:2013-11-12 at the
2828:2013-11-12 at the
2817:2013-11-12 at the
2798:2013-11-12 at the
2771:2013-11-12 at the
2130:2013-11-12 at the
1954:Thefreelibrary.com
1614:2013-11-12 at the
1604:The New York Times
1597:2017-06-25 at the
1285:Owning Our Future.
1230:2013-11-12 at the
1219:2013-11-12 at the
835:Fairbairn, Brett.
808:Solidarity economy
750:World Social Forum
696:, and some Labour
690:Co-operative Party
686:
603:Other developments
474:U.S. Co-operatives
418:
160:. In Britain, the
3726:
3725:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3667:Political parties
3622:Rochdale Pioneers
3617:David Schweickart
3556:Social enterprise
3508:economic theories
3464:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3421:
3420:
3197:
3196:
3022:Making Mondragon.
2836:; "Historico" at
2224:andels boligforen
1925:Abob.libs.uga.edu
1509:Landolakesinc.com
1283:Kelly, M. (2012)
1096:"The Co-operator"
748:. In Brazil, the
660:Workers' Councils
570:publication, and
567:Co-operative News
498:Food Conspiracies
494:Food cooperatives
387:Rochdale Pioneers
377:
376:
369:
351:
252:Rochdale Pioneers
246:Rochdale Pioneers
137:established the "
71:Rev. Henry Duncan
3771:
3481:
3480:
3470:
3469:
3433:Friendly society
3370:Mutual insurance
3233:Building society
3206:
3205:
3127:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3109:
3108:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3067:
3066:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2922:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2889:. Archived from
2883:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2854:
2848:
2808:
2802:
2781:
2775:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2652:. Archived from
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2627:. Archived from
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2602:. Archived from
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2548:. Archived from
2538:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2519:. Archived from
2513:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2494:. Archived from
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2469:. Archived from
2463:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2447:Goldmanprize.org
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2255:. Archived from
2245:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2140:
2134:
2121:
2115:
2108:
2102:
2095:
2089:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2025:. Archived from
2019:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2003:
1997:
1992:
1990:
1982:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1847:. Archived from
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1816:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1708:. Archived from
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1686:on 21 March 2012
1682:. Archived from
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1624:
1618:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1511:. Archived from
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1454:. Archived from
1453:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1299:. Archived from
1293:
1287:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1240:
1234:
1210:
1204:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1184:
1173:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1061:David Thompson.
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1014:. Archived from
1004:
998:
997:
995:
994:
974:
968:
967:
965:
964:
944:
938:
937:
935:
934:
925:. Archived from
919:
913:
912:
910:
908:
893:
887:
886:
884:
883:
868:
862:
861:
859:
858:
852:
846:. Archived from
841:
832:
716:co-determination
372:
365:
361:
358:
352:
350:
309:
285:
277:
166:building society
162:friendly society
101:savings accounts
90:friendly society
49:social movements
29:mutual insurance
3779:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3729:
3728:
3727:
3722:
3696:
3662:
3631:
3597:David Griffiths
3575:
3536:Guild socialism
3509:
3507:
3500:
3475:
3456:
3417:
3413:Social services
3374:
3353:
3315:
3282:
3266:Housing society
3261:Student housing
3237:
3193:
3165:
3114:
3103:
3094:
3050:History of RECs
3046:
2969:
2967:Further reading
2964:
2954:
2952:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2925:
2919:Wayback Machine
2910:Milford, Anna.
2909:
2905:
2896:
2894:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2871:
2869:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2845:Wayback Machine
2830:Wayback Machine
2819:Wayback Machine
2809:
2805:
2800:Wayback Machine
2782:
2778:
2773:Wayback Machine
2759:
2755:
2746:
2744:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2717:
2715:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2688:
2686:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2659:
2657:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2634:
2632:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2609:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2584:
2582:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2555:
2553:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2526:
2524:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2501:
2499:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2476:
2474:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2451:
2449:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2427:
2425:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2393:
2391:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2345:
2343:
2338:uwcc.wisc.edu.
2334:
2333:
2329:
2320:
2318:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2291:
2289:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2260:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2233:
2231:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2186:
2184:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2157:
2155:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2132:Wayback Machine
2122:
2118:
2109:
2105:
2096:
2092:
2083:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2061:
2059:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2032:
2030:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
1995:
1993:
1984:
1983:
1971:
1967:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1932:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1907:
1893:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1854:
1852:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1825:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1767:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1744:
1742:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1715:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1676:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1639:
1625:
1621:
1616:Wayback Machine
1599:Wayback Machine
1589:
1585:
1577:
1573:
1565:
1561:
1549:
1545:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1518:
1516:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1489:
1487:
1482:. Ocean Spray.
1478:
1477:
1473:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1433:
1431:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1402:
1400:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1373:
1371:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1344:
1342:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1306:
1304:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1257:
1255:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1232:Wayback Machine
1221:Wayback Machine
1211:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1123:
1121:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1078:
1059:
1055:
1046:
1044:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1021:
1019:
1006:
1005:
1001:
992:
990:
975:
971:
962:
960:
945:
941:
932:
930:
921:
920:
916:
906:
904:
895:
894:
890:
881:
879:
870:
869:
865:
856:
854:
850:
839:
833:
826:
822:
817:
773:
635:
605:
600:
594:
586:Main articles:
584:
559:
553:
517:Hurricane Sandy
476:
383:
373:
362:
356:
353:
310:
308:
298:
286:
275:
254:
248:
232:The Co-operator
228:working classes
223:
217:
184:
178:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3777:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
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3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3683:
3677:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3653:United Kingdom
3650:
3645:
3639:
3637:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3546:Neo-capitalism
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3512:
3510:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3487:
3485:
3477:
3476:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3330:
3328:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3292:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3239:
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3230:
3225:
3220:
3214:
3212:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3180:
3178:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3124:
3116:
3115:
3105:
3104:
3093:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3057:
3052:
3045:
3044:External links
3042:
3041:
3040:
3030:
3024:
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2562:
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2508:
2483:
2458:
2434:
2423:Spiegel Online
2409:
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2327:
2298:
2269:
2240:
2211:
2193:
2173:"Farmer owned"
2164:
2135:
2116:
2103:
2090:
2077:
2068:
2039:
2014:
2005:
1996:|journal=
1965:
1941:
1912:
1906:978-0801451140
1905:
1887:
1861:
1832:
1811:
1801:
1776:
1751:
1722:
1697:
1670:
1659:on 21 May 2013
1644:
1637:
1619:
1583:
1571:
1559:
1543:
1540:on 2011-11-25.
1525:
1496:
1471:
1440:
1409:
1395:. 2016-09-19.
1393:Cooppower.coop
1380:
1366:. 2012-03-05.
1351:
1337:. 2013-06-07.
1322:
1313:
1288:
1276:
1264:
1235:
1205:
1196:
1160:
1130:
1101:
1087:
1053:
1028:
999:
977:Doug Peacock.
969:
947:Doug Peacock.
939:
914:
888:
863:
823:
821:
818:
816:
815:
810:
805:
803:Social economy
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
774:
772:
769:
675:Initiative 136
644:Basque country
634:
631:
604:
601:
583:
580:
572:Mary Lawrenson
555:Main article:
552:
549:
506:Organic Valley
475:
472:
426:carpet-bagging
379:Main article:
375:
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289:
287:
280:
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266:pound sterling
250:Main article:
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219:Main article:
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180:Main article:
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33:
15:
9:
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3678:
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3665:
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3658:United States
3656:
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3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3628:
3627:Beatrice Webb
3625:
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3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3587:G. D. H. Cole
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:Key theorists
3578:
3572:
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3562:
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3506:Political and
3503:
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3329:
3326:
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3318:
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3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3301:Reforestation
3299:
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3289:
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3157:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3128:
3125:
3123:By governance
3121:
3117:
3113:Organizations
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3091:
3086:
3084:
3079:
3077:
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3068:
3061:
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3029:
3025:
3023:
3019:
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3013:
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3007:
3005:
3001:
2999:
2995:
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2992:
2987:
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2974:
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2970:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2927:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2907:
2893:on 2014-09-03
2892:
2888:
2882:
2867:
2863:
2862:Mstbrazil.org
2859:
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2742:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2670:
2656:on 2014-09-03
2655:
2651:
2645:
2631:on 2014-09-03
2630:
2626:
2620:
2606:on 2014-09-03
2605:
2601:
2595:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2552:on 2016-01-22
2551:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2523:on 2014-07-04
2522:
2518:
2512:
2498:on 2014-05-29
2497:
2493:
2487:
2473:on 2014-05-29
2472:
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2341:
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2331:
2316:
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2308:
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2287:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2259:on 2016-12-29
2258:
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2197:
2182:
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2174:
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2126:
2120:
2113:
2110:J. R. Lampe,
2107:
2100:
2094:
2087:
2081:
2072:
2058:on 2017-06-20
2057:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2029:on 2006-05-16
2028:
2024:
2018:
2009:
2001:
1988:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1931:on 2014-10-20
1930:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1908:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1851:on 2014-09-15
1850:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1805:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1765:
1762:. Woccu.org.
1761:
1755:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1712:on 2014-12-17
1711:
1707:
1701:
1685:
1681:
1678:Cowan, Joss.
1674:
1658:
1654:
1648:
1640:
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1630:
1623:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1539:
1535:
1529:
1515:on 2016-11-16
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1461:on 2013-08-20
1457:
1450:
1444:
1430:on 2014-12-17
1429:
1425:
1424:
1423:Baltimore Sun
1419:
1413:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1389:"Co-op Power"
1384:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1317:
1303:on 2014-12-17
1302:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1268:
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1249:
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1239:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1209:
1200:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1164:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1120:on 2008-10-23
1119:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1097:
1091:
1077:on 2007-10-10
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1043:on 2007-06-08
1042:
1038:
1032:
1018:on 2006-02-14
1017:
1013:
1009:
1003:
989:on 2008-09-08
988:
984:
980:
973:
959:on 2008-07-25
958:
954:
950:
943:
929:on 2007-03-19
928:
924:
918:
902:
898:
892:
878:on 2012-10-11
877:
873:
867:
853:on 2012-01-11
849:
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838:
831:
829:
824:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
768:
767:of Humanity.
766:
762:
757:
753:
751:
747:
741:
738:
735:
729:
725:
722:
719:
717:
712:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
682:
678:
676:
672:
668:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
630:
626:
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618:
616:
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611:
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593:
589:
579:
575:
573:
569:
568:
563:
558:
548:
544:
542:
536:
534:
530:
526:
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491:
486:
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471:
469:
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460:
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445:
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436:, chaired by
435:
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427:
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415:
411:
406:
402:
400:
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382:
371:
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360:
357:December 2017
349:
346:
342:
339:
335:
332:
328:
325:
321:
318: –
317:
313:
312:Find sources:
306:
302:
296:
295:
290:This section
288:
284:
279:
278:
270:
267:
263:
259:
253:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
222:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
183:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:credit unions
142:
140:
136:
131:
129:
123:
120:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
82:Dumfriesshire
79:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
52:
50:
46:
42:
32:
30:
26:
22:
3744:Cooperatives
3712:
3602:William King
3592:Charles Gide
3526:Distributism
3449:
3442:
3288:Agricultural
3218:Credit union
3097:Cooperatives
3027:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2990:
2982:
2976:
2953:. Retrieved
2944:
2935:
2926:
2906:
2895:. Retrieved
2891:the original
2881:
2870:. Retrieved
2861:
2852:
2833:
2806:
2788:
2784:
2779:
2761:
2756:
2745:. Retrieved
2736:
2727:
2716:. Retrieved
2707:
2698:
2687:. Retrieved
2678:
2669:
2658:. Retrieved
2654:the original
2644:
2633:. Retrieved
2629:the original
2619:
2608:. Retrieved
2604:the original
2594:
2583:. Retrieved
2574:
2565:
2554:. Retrieved
2550:the original
2545:
2536:
2525:. Retrieved
2521:the original
2511:
2500:. Retrieved
2496:the original
2486:
2475:. Retrieved
2471:the original
2461:
2450:. Retrieved
2446:
2437:
2426:. Retrieved
2422:
2412:
2403:
2392:. Retrieved
2383:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2344:. Retrieved
2330:
2319:. Retrieved
2310:
2301:
2290:. Retrieved
2281:
2272:
2261:. Retrieved
2257:the original
2252:
2243:
2232:. Retrieved
2223:
2214:
2196:
2185:. Retrieved
2177:www.arla.com
2176:
2167:
2156:. Retrieved
2147:
2138:
2119:
2111:
2106:
2098:
2093:
2085:
2080:
2071:
2060:. Retrieved
2056:the original
2051:
2042:
2031:. Retrieved
2027:the original
2017:
2008:
1987:cite journal
1968:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:
1944:
1933:. Retrieved
1929:the original
1924:
1915:
1896:
1890:
1878:. Retrieved
1864:
1853:. Retrieved
1849:the original
1844:
1835:
1824:. Retrieved
1822:. REA Energy
1814:
1804:
1793:. Retrieved
1791:. 2014-12-29
1788:
1779:
1768:. Retrieved
1754:
1743:. Retrieved
1735:Dynamics.org
1734:
1725:
1714:. Retrieved
1710:the original
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1684:the original
1673:
1661:. Retrieved
1657:the original
1647:
1628:
1622:
1602:
1586:
1579:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1538:the original
1528:
1517:. Retrieved
1513:the original
1508:
1499:
1488:. Retrieved
1474:
1463:. Retrieved
1456:the original
1443:
1432:. Retrieved
1428:the original
1421:
1412:
1401:. Retrieved
1392:
1383:
1372:. Retrieved
1364:Thenews.coop
1363:
1354:
1343:. Retrieved
1335:Thenews.coop
1334:
1325:
1316:
1305:. Retrieved
1301:the original
1291:
1284:
1279:
1272:
1267:
1256:. Retrieved
1247:
1238:
1208:
1199:
1187:. Retrieved
1175:
1163:
1151:. Retrieved
1142:
1133:
1122:. Retrieved
1118:the original
1104:
1090:
1079:. Retrieved
1075:the original
1066:
1056:
1045:. Retrieved
1041:the original
1031:
1020:. Retrieved
1016:the original
1002:
991:. Retrieved
987:the original
982:
972:
961:. Retrieved
957:the original
952:
942:
931:. Retrieved
927:the original
917:
905:. Retrieved
891:
880:. Retrieved
876:the original
866:
855:. Retrieved
848:the original
843:
758:
754:
742:
739:
730:
726:
723:
720:
713:
706:
694:Labour Party
687:
664:
636:
627:
623:
619:
614:
608:
606:
576:
565:
562:Alice Acland
560:
545:
537:
533:Land O'Lakes
522:
514:
510:
502:
477:
461:
446:
422:Andrew Regan
419:
384:
363:
354:
344:
337:
330:
323:
311:
299:Please help
294:verification
291:
255:
231:
224:
215:William King
189:cotton mills
185:
143:
132:
124:
121:
113:savings bank
92:to create a
68:
53:
38:
25:cooperatives
20:
18:
3607:Robert Owen
3271:egalitarian
2985:, PM Press.
2785:Sin Patron.
2708:Rmaf.org.ph
2679:Rmaf.org.ph
2575:Ica-ap.coop
2282:Boeckler.de
2253:Boeckler.de
2148:www.uk.coop
1189:7 September
1153:7 September
1008:"Our roots"
702:food retail
677:in Greece.
529:Ocean Spray
520:organized.
182:Robert Owen
176:Robert Owen
94:cooperative
3733:Categories
3311:Wheat pool
3306:Winemaking
3202:By product
3171:Federation
3156:Purchasing
2897:2014-09-02
2872:2016-12-21
2747:2016-12-21
2718:2016-12-21
2689:2016-12-21
2660:2014-09-02
2635:2014-09-02
2610:2014-09-02
2585:2016-12-21
2556:2016-12-21
2527:2014-09-02
2502:2014-09-02
2477:2014-09-02
2452:2016-12-21
2428:2016-12-21
2394:2016-12-21
2384:Copac.coop
2346:2015-05-11
2321:2016-12-21
2292:2016-12-21
2263:2016-12-21
2234:2021-01-16
2187:2021-01-16
2158:2021-01-16
2062:2016-12-21
2033:2011-06-21
1959:2016-12-21
1935:2016-12-21
1855:2016-12-21
1826:2016-12-21
1795:2016-12-21
1770:2016-12-21
1760:"Heritage"
1745:2016-12-21
1716:2014-09-15
1638:0851951333
1519:2016-12-21
1490:2016-12-21
1465:2016-12-21
1434:2016-12-21
1403:2016-12-21
1374:2016-12-21
1345:2016-12-21
1307:2014-09-02
1258:2016-12-21
1124:2008-05-13
1110:"About Us"
1081:2008-06-26
1047:2008-06-26
1022:2008-06-26
993:2008-06-26
963:2008-06-26
933:2007-05-25
882:2013-10-16
857:2016-12-21
820:References
652:Yugoslavia
633:Modern day
596:See also:
485:the Grange
449:Manchester
438:John Monks
430:Tony Blair
395:Lancashire
327:newspapers
193:New Lanark
88:founded a
35:Beginnings
3636:By region
3561:Socialism
3541:Mutualism
3398:Recycling
3358:Insurance
3349:Broadband
3344:Telephone
3256:Cohousing
2789:The Take.
2311:Europa.eu
2202:"Lejerbo"
1880:31 August
1037:"History"
759:In 2016,
671:insurance
610:obshchina
391:Yorkshire
103:accruing
69:In 1810,
3682:(Canada)
3676:(Canada)
3484:Identity
3403:Platform
3339:Electric
3251:Building
3161:Retailer
3141:Consumer
2975:(1997),
2955:July 11,
2949:Archived
2915:Archived
2866:Archived
2841:Archived
2826:Archived
2815:Archived
2796:Archived
2769:Archived
2741:Archived
2712:Archived
2683:Archived
2579:Archived
2546:Ica.coop
2388:Archived
2340:Archived
2315:Archived
2286:Archived
2228:Archived
2206:Archived
2181:Archived
2152:Archived
2128:Archived
1874:Archived
1764:Archived
1739:Archived
1612:Archived
1595:Archived
1484:Archived
1397:Archived
1368:Archived
1339:Archived
1252:Archived
1248:Geo.coop
1228:Archived
1217:Archived
1180:Archived
1147:Archived
901:Archived
771:See also
466:and the
401:(1984).
258:Rochdale
201:Orbiston
197:Scotland
105:interest
86:Scotland
75:Ruthwell
3648:Ukraine
3551:Owenism
3444:Stokvel
3321:Utility
3276:commune
3243:Housing
3210:Banking
3037:Ed Mayo
2737:Ilo.org
2380:"COPAC"
1690:7 April
1663:7 April
1568:Equity.
1552:Equity.
667:banking
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