History of Gaza - Knowledge

1817: 441: 2031: 2073: 1510:, and replaced by Husam al-Din ibn Bakish. Soon after, the city fell into the hands of Emir Yalbugha an-Nasiri who revolted against Barquq. Gaza was retaken without violence, and Ibn Bakish met Yalbugha at its gates with gifts and proposals of peace. The unseated Barquq regained his throne in 1389, and retook Gaza the next year. In 1401 a swarm of locusts destroyed Gaza's crops. A battle between the rival Mamluk emirs Akbirdi and Qansuwa Khamsiyah occurred in Gaza; Khamsiyah had failed in usurping the Mamluk throne and fled to Gaza where he made his unsuccessful last stand. Between 1428 and 1433, Gaza was governed by Emir 190: 28: 1044:), the Rashidun forces began to make stronger efforts at conquering Byzantine territory. During the three-year siege of Gaza, the city's Jewish community fought alongside the Byzantine garrison. In the summer of 637, Amr's forces broke the siege and captured Gaza, killing its Byzantine garrison, but not attacking its inhabitants. Amr's victory is attributed to a combination of Arab strategy, Byzantine weakness, and the influence of Gaza's Arab residents. Believed to be the site where Muhammad's great-grandfather 1800: 1679: 1290: 1874: 8057: 2261: 2169: 10223: 9209: 1914: 1843:

Gaza's port was by then inactive, it benefited from trade and commerce because of its position on the caravan route between Egypt and Syria, as well as from the production of soap and cotton for trade with the Bedouin. The governor of Gaza at the time was Sheikh Sa'id. Robinson noted that virtually all of Gaza's vestiges of ancient history and antiquity had disappeared due to constant conflict and occupation.

5793: 577:, was in charge of the city's affairs. On the division of Herod's kingdom, it was placed under the proconsul of Syria. After Herod's death in 4 BCE, Augustus annexed it to the Province of Syria. In 66 CE, Gaza was burned down by Jews during their rebellion against the Romans. However, it remained an important city; even more so after the destruction of 7082: 6407: 4340:

transferred to the occupied West Bank. In the occupied Gaza Strip, several housing projects were established for these refugees. Some of these projects today are referred to as camps. These include the Canada project (1972), the Shuqairi project (1973), the Brazil project (1973), the Sheikh Radwan project (1974), and the al-Amal project (1979).

720:, but later into the city. The religion faced obstacles as it spread through the inland population because pagan worship was strong. In 299, an unverified number of local Christians who assembled in Gaza to hear the Christian scriptures read were seized and mutilated by the Romans. Also, its Christians were harshly repressed during the 249:, a second city developed on the ruins of the first Tell as-Sakan. This city was destroyed about a century later, when the Hyksos were routed from Egypt. Egypt settled Gaza once again and Tell al-Ajjul rose for the third time in the 15th century BCE. The city finally ceased to exist in the 14th century, at the end of the Bronze Age. 2065:, involving the demolition of homes and the employment of special assassination teams that killed suspects. Israel also began to set up detainment camps, arresting families of suspected suspects, and some Gazan youths who weren't accused of anything. The purpose was to dissuade other families from allowing their sons to join 1155:." A Christian writer, writing in 867, described it as "rich in all things". Gaza's port, however, occasionally succumbed to neglect under Arab rule and an overall decline in commerce followed because of infighting among Palestine's rulers and Bedouin bandits who disrupted overland trade routes towards the city. 1702:—the province that Gaza briefly belonged to. Husayn's period in office was peaceful and prosperous for the city, and he gained a good reputation for considerably reducing the strife between the nearby Bedouin and the settled population. He appointed his son Ibrahim to be governor of the Gaza and Jerusalem 4080: 1846:

The bubonic plague struck again in 1839 and the city stagnated, as it lacked political and economic stability. In 1840, Egyptian and Ottoman troops battled outside of Gaza, with the Ottomans emerging victorious, effectively ending Egyptian rule over Palestine. The battles brought about more death and

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then governed Gaza into the early 1670s, implementing an anti-French and anti-Christian regime to appease the Ottoman government. Soon after his reign ended, Ottomans officials were appointed to govern. The Ridwan period is considered Gaza's last golden age during Ottoman rule and the city gradually

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Gaza enjoyed demographic and economic growth again when the local Canaanite population began to resettle Tell as-Sakan around 2500, but in 2250, the area experienced a total collapse of civilization and all of the cities in the Gaza region were abandoned by the 23rd century BCE. In its place emerged

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During the 1970s, the Israeli military administration destroyed thousands of refugee shelters in the occupied Gaza Strip under the guise of security. Large refugee camps were targeted in particular. Refugees were forcefully resettled in other areas of the occupied Gaza Strip, with a smaller number

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visited Gaza in 1838, describing it as a "thickly populated" town larger than Jerusalem, with its Old City lying upon a hilltop, while its suburbs laid on the nearby plain. He further stated that its soil was rich and supported groves of "delicious and abundant" apricots and mulberries. Although

1656:. He died in 1607. Next in line was Hasan Pasha ibn Ahmad who became known 'Arab Hasan ("Hasan the Bedouin") because by then, the Ridwans were identified with being well-versed with the Bedouin and controlling them. He successfully led his pro-Ottoman Bedouin troops against the army of the rebel 1997:

during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, purportedly as the government for a liberated Palestine. However, the government was ineffective with little or no influence over events in Gaza and was dissolved by Cairo in 1959. Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip was broken for four months during the 1956

1870:, who was appointed mayor by Ottoman authorities. Like other regions and cities in Palestine at the time, Gaza was economically and politically dominated by a number of powerful clans, particularly the Shawa, Husseini, and Sourani families. Two destructive earthquakes occurred in 1903 and 1914. 780:

reversed the process during his reign in the latter half of the 4th century. Although Maiuma had its own bishop, clergy, and diocesan territory, it shared its magistrates and administration with Gaza. Upon Julian's death, Maiuma's independence was restored and the rivalry between it and Gaza

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caravan, consisting of 13,000 camel-loads of goods, into Gaza's markets, boosting the city's wealth. The attack on the caravan was a reprisal to the Ottomans who had recently replaced the governor of Damascus. In 1763, there was a revolt in Gaza against the Ottomans. Then, in November 1770,

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issued several reforms in Gaza, including the expansion of educational opportunities and civil services, provision of housing and the establishment of local security forces. As in Egypt, political activity in Gaza was severely curtailed, but the government-sponsored Arab National Union was

1609:, became governor shortly before Mustafa's death. The Ridwan dynasty, which would rule Gaza for over a century, derives its name from Ridwan Pasha. He was later appointed Governor of Yemen, but was deposed two years later and returned to the governorship of Gaza. After becoming governor of 1470:

as governor, some of the provincial privileges of Gaza, such as the governor's direct subordination to the sultan in Cairo, were removed by an-Nasir Muhammad's decree. From then, and until 1341, when Sanjar al-Jawli served a second term as governor, Gaza became subordinate to the

1787:, who referred to it as "the outpost of Africa, the door to Asia", in 1799. Most of its inhabitants fled as a result. His forces easily razed the remains of the city walls (which had not been rebuilt since their destruction by Saladin), but abandoned the city after their failed 1230:

wrote Gaza "is today very populous and in the hands of the Crusaders." William of Tyre confirms that in 1170, a civilian population was persuaded to occupy the area outside the castle and establish feeble fortifications and gates surrounding the community. That same year, King

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were included in Gaza's territories. Its large representation, approximately half of which is preserved, cannot be easily explained, mainly because only small tentative excavations have been made there and because ancient Gaza is covered by the still-inhabited Old City.

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The prime minister is comfortable with limited economic growth in Gaza, particularly as a way to modify Hamas's urge to get into trouble. We still want there to be a discrepancy between economic life in Gaza and the West Bank, but we no longer feel it needs to be so

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During most of the 4th century, the Christian community was small, poor, and carried no influence in the city. The church was insignificant and its members were not allowed to hold political office. However, conversion to Christianity in Gaza was spearheaded under

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with heavy civilian casualties. After Israel destroyed a large amount of Hamas tunnels, it withdrew from the Gaza Strip, and a ceasefire was implemented soon after. 2,251 Gazans were killed in the war, 65 percent of which were civilians, according to the UN.

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at the time. Seven years later, the Templars prepared for another defense of Gaza against Saladin, but this time his forces fell on Ascalon. In 1187, following Ascalon's capitulation, the Templars surrendered Gaza in return for the release of their master

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established in place of the All-Palestine Government that Nasser abolished in 1959, which gave the city's citizens a greater voice in national politics. In 1959, with the abolishment of the All-Palestine Government, Gaza officially became a part of the

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Throughout the Roman period, Gaza was a prosperous city and received grants and attention from several emperors. It was governed by a diverse 500-member senate. Gaza's mint stamped out coins adorned with the busts of gods and emperors, including

4641: 2014:, a union of Syria and Egypt, under the pan-Arab policy of Nasser. In reality, however, Gaza was under direct Egyptian military governorship, which also continued upon the withdrawal of Syria from the UAR shortly afterwards. When the 759:

in 325, the vast majority of its inhabitants continued to worship the native gods. As the Roman Empire was crumbling at this time, Gaza remained unaffected. At this time, the inhabitants of Maiuma reportedly converted to Christianity

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mercenaries, Gaza withstood the siege for two months, until it was overcome by storm. The defenders, mostly local elements, fought to the death and the women and children were taken as captives. The city was resettled by neighboring

815:. Paganism continued despite persecution, and according to the traditional Christian history, Christians were still persecuted in the city, resulting in Porphyrius undertaking more measures. As a result of his persuasion, Empress 1725:

caravan and his alleged pro-Christian tendencies, however, served as an excuse for the Ottoman government to depose him. He was soon imprisoned in Damascus and his assets confiscated by provincial authorities. He was later sent to

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visited the city and noted that it was "large and populous, and has many mosques. But there were no walls round it. There was here of old a fine Jami' Mosque (the Great Mosque), but the one present used was built by Amir Jawli ."

1437:. Gaza was one of the places that returned to the allegiance of the exiled sultan; in 1310, an-Nasir Muhammad defeated Sultan Baybars in Gaza, forcing the latter to surrender his throne to him. Baybars was imprisoned in the city. 7077: 6402: 1697:

was governor of Nablus and Jerusalem, and inherited the impoverished governorship of Gaza when his father died. He borrowed a large sum from the French in order to meet the heavy taxes imposed on the city by Hassan Aga, governor

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Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups have sought to justify the attacks as appropriate reprisals for Israeli military operations and the ongoing blockade against Gaza, and as a lawful response to the Israeli occupation of

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being built along the coast, and the southern and eastern plains. Areas damaged in the riots underwent reconstruction. Most of the funding for these developments came from international organizations and missionary groups.

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in 1660, Husayn resumed control of Gaza. The city began to recover and thrive, being described as the "capitol of Palestine" due to its status. The Great Mosque was restored, and six other mosques constructed, while

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the Gaza Strip and implemented restrictions on movement. These policies led to further poverty and lessened resources in the city. Hamas conducted rocket attacks on Israel, as to pressure it to lift the blockade.

1247:. However, Saladin evaded the Crusader force and assaulted Gaza instead, destroying the town built outside the castle's walls and killing its inhabitants after they were refused refuge in the castle, managed by 104:

thirty years later. Throughout the Roman period, Gaza maintained its prosperity, receiving grants from several different emperors. A diverse, 500-member senate governed the city during this time. Conversion to

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Under the Umayyads Gaza served as a minor administrative center. In 672 an earthquake struck the city but there are few details of its effects. Under the caliph-appointed governors, Christians and Jews were

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The arrival of the Muslim Arabs brought drastic changes to Gaza; its churches were transformed into mosques, including the Cathedral of John the Baptist (previously the Temple of Marnas), which became the

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not to purchase Gaza's cotton harvest (cotton production was Ali's main source of wealth and Egypt's production was low that year), instead allowing its residents to dispose of it how they wished.

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In 1294, an earthquake devastated Gaza, and five years later the Mongols again destroyed all that was restored by the Mamluks. That same year, Gaza was the center of a conspiracy against Sultan

827:, it is likely that Porphyrius did not even exist. According to traditional Christian history, persecution against Christians did not cease, but it was less harsh and frequent than previously. 8842: 8434: 1675:, but he was deposed in 1644. 'Arab Hasan had many wives and concubines, who bore him 85 children. He led the Ridwans successfully militarily, however, he burdened the dynasty with heavy debt. 1422:, Hebron and Jerusalem to the east—all of which had their own sub-governors. He further described Gaza in 1300 as "so rich in trees it looks like a cloth of brocade spread out upon the land". 8861: 7372: 2245:. Israel surrounded and invaded Gaza, heavily bombing the city. Early in 2009, a ceasefire was reached and Israel withdrew from the Strip. The war resulted in more than 1,000 Gazan deaths. 3060:

In the late 130s the market at Mamre was flooded with Jews captured by the Romans in the course of the suppression of the revolt. The overflow of slaves was directed to the market of Gaza.

7325: 7320: 1936:, the Jewish Quarter of Gaza was destroyed and most of Gaza's fifty Jewish families fled the city. In the 1930s and 1940s, Gaza underwent major expansion, with new neighborhoods, such as 7459: 653:, who favored Gaza, personally inaugurated wrestling, boxing and oratorical competitions in Gaza's new stadium. The city was adorned with many pagan temples, the main cult being that of 261:, and was the residence of the Egyptian governor of the region. A caravan point of strategic importance from the earliest times, it was constantly involved in the wars between Egypt and 7442: 7105: 1959:, 50 Indians, 23 New Zealanders, 23 Canadians, 36 Poles, and 184 Ottoman-era Turkish graves, plus small numbers of South African, Greek, Egyptian, German, French and Yugoslav soldiers. 9247: 7418: 4963: 977:

Christian population before Gaza's capitulation to the Muslims. Near the end of the Byzantine era, Gaza had become the home of an increasingly influential group of Arab traders from

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Slaves were sold at Gaza after the fall of Jerusalem and at the end of the Jewish rebellion in 135, and it may perhaps have been an important slaving center even in ordinary times.

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spread to the city, killing the majority of its inhabitants, and in 1352, Gaza suffered a destructive flood—which was rare in that arid part of Palestine. However, by 1355, the

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completely destroyed Gaza—Hulagu's southernmost point of conquest. Hulagu left his army in Gaza after being recalled due to the death of the Mongol emperor, and Mamluk general

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acquired the governorship of Gaza and central Palestine in 1311. He highly favored Gaza and transformed it into a flourishing city, having built in it a horse-race course, a

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the following year. Titus passed through Gaza on his march toward to Jerusalem, and again in his return. Following Jerusalem's fall, captives were sold into slavery in Gaza.

6785: 6237: 2104:, for refusing to annex al-Shati camp to the municipality of Gaza. Frequent conflicts erupted between Palestinians and the Israeli authorities in the city after the 1970s. 2018:(PLO) was founded in 1964, Nasser formally, but not practically, proclaimed that it would hold authority over Gaza, and a year later, conscription was instituted for the 1028:

in central Palestine. The Muslims' victory at Ajnadayn gave them control over much of Palestine's countryside, but not the major cities with garrisons such as Gaza. With

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A city which would develop into Gaza began to emerge on the site of Tell al-Ajjul around the 16th-17th century BCE. This city served as Egypt's administrative capital in

8777: 4750: 4332: 2356: 2061:. Militants targeted Arabs working at Israeli companies, and in one instance, killed a Jewish family. In response, Sharon conducted a year long operation, authorized by 7171: 6017: 4670: 2252:

against Hamas, aiming to stop its rocket fire. Israel bombed the Strip and city, and eventually invaded it. Israel entered the Shuja'iyya neighborhood, resulting in

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territory. Tell as-Sakan prospered as Canaanite cities began to trade agricultural goods with the Egyptians. However, when Egypt's economic interests shifted to the

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brought on by the war. 70 percent of the city was destroyed by airstrikes, and more than 40,000 people were killed in the Strip. Israel was accused of committing a

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Although no explanation is provided in the biographies of the Ridwan family, it is evident they chose Gaza as their home and built there their residence, known as

221:, Gaza's role was reduced to that of a port for ships carrying goods and it declined economically. The site was virtually abandoned and remained so throughout the 8905: 7454: 2340: 2335: 4858: 2359: 553:. Roman rule brought six centuries of relative peace and prosperity to the city—which became a busy port and locus of trade between the Middle East and Africa. 9240: 8604: 1809: 2184:

under which it completely withdrew Israeli armed forces and settlements from the Gaza Strip. Violence during the Second Intifada contributed to the decision.

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Separate and Cooperate, Cooperate and Separate: The Disengagement of the Palestine Health Care System from Israel and Its Emergence as an Independent System

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The year 750 saw the end of Umayyad rule in Palestine and the arrival of the Abbasids, with Gaza becoming a center for the writing of Islamic law. In 767,

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The depiction on the 6th-century Madaba Map supports the notion that Gaza was the most important political and commercial centre on the southern coast of

8462: 8456: 7362: 7166: 6447: 5858: 454:—the last city to resist his conquest on his path to Egypt—for five months, finally capturing it in 332 BCE. Led by a eunuch named Batis and defended by 1866:

Although the first municipal council of Gaza was formed in 1893 under the chairmanship of Ali Khalil Shawa, modern mayorship began in 1906 with his son

7986: 5710: 4911: 1816: 4102: 1951:, one of the world’s many Commonwealth war cemeteries, contains the graves of soldiers from the British Empire and Commonwealth dating back as far as 9233: 6790: 1211:, the Crusaders found it uninhabited and in ruins. Unable to totally refortify the hilltop on which Gaza was built, due to a lack of resources, King 1195:, who later also became bishop of the city, wrote many poems that thematise the hardships Palestinian Christians suffered during the reign of caliph 2100:

were vociferous in their opposition to the move, claiming it was forced resettlement. In 1972, Gaza's military governor dismissed the city's mayor,

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Yardeni, Ada; Kushnir-Stein, Alla; Isaac, Benjamin; Misgav, Haggai; Cotton, Hannah M.; Price, Jonathan; Ameling, Walter; Eck, Werner (July 2014).

2069:. The camps were located in remote desert areas, holding as many as 50 people. The Red Cross described detainees' treatment there as 'merciless'. 1333:. Baibars passed through Gaza six times during his expeditions against the remnants of the Crusader states and the Mongols between 1263 and 1269. 7822: 7367: 6846: 5879: 2758:

Mildenberg, Leo (1998). "Gaza Mint Authorities in Persian Times. Preliminary Studies of the Local Coinage in the fifth Persian Satrapy. Part 4".

2338: 943:, often also cultivated by the various monasteries surrounding the city, exported around all the Mediterranean and mentioned by writers such as 8910: 5078: 2304: 1989:

fleeing nearby cities, towns and villages that were captured by Israel. From 1948 until 1959, Gaza was nominally under the jurisdiction of the

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visited Gaza, gathering and cataloging a sizable collection of Byzantine inscriptions and describing the city's Great Mosque in detail. Sultan

1110:, who visited the city in 723. Nevertheless, exports of wine and olives declined and the overall prosperity of Palestine and Gaza went down. 812: 8497: 4696: 8622: 8594: 8201: 6815: 6262: 2336: 121:

in 637 AD and most Gazans adopted Islam during early Muslim rule. Thereafter, the city went through periods of prosperity and decline. The

3264: 2536: 368:. Historians today largely believe that these stories about Israelite/Judean rule over Philistia are not historical, but rather mythical. 69:

besieged and captured the city in 332 BC. Most of the inhabitants were killed during the assault, and the city, which became a center for

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Maeir, Aren M. (2023). "Philistines and Israelites/Judahites. Antagonism and Interaction". In Keimer, Kyle H.; Pierce, George A. (eds.).

2292: 5524: 8579: 8093: 6928: 6385: 6305: 5951: 4254: 1545:. The Ottoman army quickly and efficiently crushed a small-scale uprising, and the local population generally welcomed them as fellow 415:

near Gaza; however, it was captured by Nebuchadnezzar during his second unsuccessful campaign to invade Egypt in 568 BCE. In 529 BCE,

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and market stalls proliferated. Anonymous petitions from Damascus sent to Istanbul complaining about Husayn's failure to protect the

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to widen roads for security reasons. Israel developed new housing schemes nearby that resulted in the establishment of the northern

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The red bars in the chronology below indicate periods during which the indicated group had limited self-rule, and not sovereignty.

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Gaza was left largely deserted, with about only 300,000 people remaining in the city. The remaining population was subjected to a

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against Fatah, resulting in a government led by the group. Tensions between the groups led to a power-sharing agreement signed in

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granted quasi-colonial authority over former Ottoman territories to Great Britain and France, with Gaza becoming part of the

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quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. xix. Al-Biladhuri lists the cities captured by Amr ibn al-'As as Ghazzah (Gaza), Sebastiya (

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built a small castle there in 1149. The possession of Gaza completed the military encirclement of the Fatimid-held city of

1140: 8712: 5465: 4203: 2349: 1271:, Gaza was a medium-sized city, possessing gardens and a seashore in the early 13th century. The Ayyubids constructed the 1061:. Gaza's population adopted Islam as their religion relatively quick in contrast with the city's countryside. Eventually, 10316: 9893: 8773: 8652: 8544: 8361: 7615: 7280: 6840: 6079: 5825: 5584: 5544: 2015: 2353: 2050:

to administrate territories it captured, including Gaza. Israeli settlements began to be established in the Gaza Strip.

728:, believed to have been one of the 72 disciples, but the first cleric was Saint Silvanus who, during the persecution by 399:

around 730 BCE, Gaza came under Assyrian rule. In the 7th century, it again came under Egyptian control, but during the

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southern Israel and killed over 800 Israeli civilians, also taking 251 hostages. Israel retaliated heavily, imposing a

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which saw Hamas take control of the Gaza Strip. Hamas was ousted from the PA, which retained control of the West Bank.

1598: 1399: 904:. The celebrated Church of Saint Sergius was built in this century among other building projects such as a bath house, 5335: 2329: 1541:

In 1516, Gaza—by now a small town with an inactive port, ruined buildings and reduced trade—was incorporated into the

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semi-nomadic cultures with pastoral camps made up of rustic family dwellings which continued to exist throughout the

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in 1260. He was proclaimed sultan of Egypt on his way back from the battlefield after the assassination of Sultan

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between 396 and 420. The main source for pagan–Christian tensions in Gaza at this time is Porphyrius' biographer,

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near Gaza after a three-year siege. In addition, Gaza appeared frequently in Egyptian and Assyrian records. Under

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migrated to Gaza, making it the largest Christian center of Palestine and an important source of support for the

1256:. Saladin then ordered the destruction of the city's fortifications in 1191. A year later, after recapturing it, 843:

was discovered in Gaza. An inscription states that the floor was donated in 508–509 CE by two merchant brothers.

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period (6th–4th centuries BCE) it enjoyed a certain independence and flourished. In 601/600 BCE, Babylonian king

7763: 4543: 4390: 2444: 8707: 8519: 8444: 8086: 7994: 7520: 7380: 6993: 6298: 6115: 4108: 3759: 3155: 2308: 2253: 2111:. Gaza became a center of confrontation during this uprising, resulting in a 142 deaths and a damaged economy. 1175:

was introduced to the area, arriving from India in 943. In 977, the Fatimids established an agreement with the

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province during Rashidun rule, and continued to be part of the district under the successive caliphates of the

5483: 1589:(member of a military corps) who rose to become an elite military officer and state minister and eventually a 10344: 9257: 8867: 8492: 8137: 7829: 6775: 2053:

Organized armed struggle against Israel in Gaza peaked between 1969 and 1971, but was largely crushed by the

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Shortly after Palestine's quick submission to the Ottomans, it was divided into six districts, including the

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In late 2008, Israel raided part of the Gaza Strip to destroy Hamas tunnels, leading to clashes and a short

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described Gaza as "a large town lying on the highroad to Egypt on the border of the desert. There is here a

807:, all eight of the city's pagan temples were destroyed and non-Christian worship was forbidden by the envoy 9149: 8937: 8664: 8482: 8386: 8366: 8288: 7579: 6201: 2445:"Territoires autonomes palestiniens : Tell es-Sakan | Du village à l'Etat au Proche et Moyen-Orient |" 2151: 2047: 1069:

residents deposited their property with their high priest and fled the city east upon the Muslim conquest.

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did not increase sympathy of the religion in Gaza. Although Gaza was represented by Bishop Asclepas in the

9225: 5764: 5441: 1048:—who also lived as a merchant in Gaza—was buried, the city was not destroyed by the victorious Arab army. 10114: 9888: 8514: 8233: 8171: 7970: 6820: 6267: 2019: 1734: 9144: 1065:

became the official language. The Christian population was reduced to an insignificant minority and the

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At the same time, the region around Gaza became an important monastic center, including figures such as

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Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838

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and the city wall, that were undertaken by the bishop Marcianus and the provincial governor Stephanus.

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In the early 1380s, the governor of Gaza, Akbugha as-Safawi, plotted to commit treason against Sultan

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Noble, Samuel (17 December 2010). "Sulayman al-Ghazzi". In Thomas, David; Mallett, Alexander (eds.).

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Na'aman, Nadav (2004). "The Boundary System and Political Status of Gaza under the Assyrian Empire".

2542: 2346: 2277: 1974: 1839: 893: 172:, being occupied by Israel for decades. The city was largely destroyed and depopulated following the 165: 19: 5074: 2760:

Vestigia Leonis. Studien zur antiken Numismatik Israels, Palästinas und der östlichen Mittelmeerwelt

1597:. He received the governorship of Gaza apparently as an interim appointment before he was appointed 1219:

to the north. After the castle's construction, Baldwin granted it and the surrounding region to the

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hands by the late 13th century, and became a regional capitol. It witnessed a golden age under the

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that same year. The duration of French influence in Gaza was too short to have a palpable effect.

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who wrote that merchants grew rich there "for this place was a great market for the people of the

10301: 9372: 9060: 9035: 9010: 8947: 8931: 8788: 8238: 8181: 7477: 6657: 6647: 5818: 5270: 5152: 2355: 1804: 1652:. He became Governor of Damascus Eyalet in 1601 after bribing several viziers and bureaucrats in 1336:

Mamluk domination started in 1277, with Gaza initially being a small village in the territory of

756: 451: 161: 2605: 2351: 1831:

conquered it and most of Palestine in 1832. Strangely, in 1833, Muhammad Ali instructed his son

330:

occupying an area that extended as far as Gaza, and that these people were dispossessed by the

9139: 9097: 9070: 9050: 8827: 8692: 8524: 8348: 8327: 7944: 7790: 7659: 7559: 7209: 7204: 7161: 7144: 7031: 7026: 7016: 7011: 7006: 6622: 6176: 6007: 5997: 2378: 2354: 2281: 2158: 1832: 1232: 892:. It was an important city in the early Christian world and many scholars taught at its famous 189: 4837: 4371: 2357: 1955:. The majority of the graves (3082 of 3691) are British, but there are also the graves of 263 1122:

was born in Gaza and lived his early childhood there; al-Shafi'i founded one of the prominent

9918: 9866: 9515: 9154: 9085: 9080: 9030: 9025: 9020: 9015: 8306: 8029: 7746: 7635: 7485: 7346: 6898: 6617: 6100: 5704: 5626: 5504: 4881: 4715: 3034: 2976: 2561: 2208: 2143: 2120: 2085: 2054: 1898: 1890: 1828: 1361: 1257: 1207:

The Crusaders wrested control of Gaza from the Fatimids in 1100. According to the chronicler

1196: 1009: 629: 573:

in 30 BCE, where it formed a separate unit within his kingdom; and Cosgabar, the governor of

5391:

Panchenko, Constantine A. (24 August 2021). "The "Dark Age" of Middle Eastern Monasticism".

3336:

South Coast: 2161-2648 A Multi-lingual Corpus of the Inscriptions from Alexander to Muhammad

9990: 9984: 9530: 9397: 9065: 9045: 9040: 9002: 8925: 8837: 8745: 8697: 8675: 8562: 8270: 8176: 8142: 8117: 7954: 7723: 7505: 7189: 7129: 6135: 5982: 5467:

Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500

4825: 4462: 4238: 2616: 2594: 2583: 2368: 2224: 2011: 1933: 1902: 1886: 1878: 1788: 1758:

until his death in 1742. In the 1750s, local Bedouin tribes disposed of the plunder from a

1434: 1188: 1058: 1045: 948: 609: 416: 364:

split around 930 BCE, the territory of the Philistines, including Gaza, became part of the

153: 5660:"Dressing up Domination as 'Cooperation': The Case of Israeli-Palestinian Water Relations" 2709: 1143:

by the Arab tribes of the area. Gaza apparently recovered by the 9th century according to

533:, were killed and their city destroyed by Jannaeus when Aretas did not come to their aid. 8: 10053: 10015: 9861: 8753: 8734: 8534: 8186: 8061: 7625: 7495: 7255: 6800: 6477: 6472: 6423: 6347: 6247: 6120: 6043: 4395: 2954: 2572: 1986: 1926: 1574:

or the "Province of Damascus". In that time, the majority of the Christian population of

1426: 1314: 1013: 982: 777: 748: 448: 392: 388: 245:

territory, serving as a fort, and by 1650 BCE, while Egypt was occupied by the Canaanite

230: 222: 157: 66: 4908:"Report of the detailed findings of the Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict" 4489: 2762:. Freiburg / Göttingen: Universitätsverlag / Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 85–86. 148:

Gaza experienced destructive earthquakes in 1903 and 1914. In 1917, during World War I,

10272: 10232: 10104: 9175: 9122: 8832: 8822: 8637: 8452: 8102: 7758: 7751: 7390: 7219: 6712: 6110: 5811: 5692: 5684: 5620: 4996: 2934: 2285: 2173: 2142:. This was implemented in 1994, and Israeli forces withdrew from Gaza, leaving the new 2038:, speaking at the inauguration ceremony of the Gaza municipal council, 26 November 1956 2006: 1784: 1253: 1192: 1025: 1017: 952: 936: 703: 693: 522: 478: 9422: 5126: 5100: 5022: 2130:

In September 1993, after the First Intifada, leaders of Israel and the PLO signed the

1885:

When World War I erupted in 1917, British forces were defeated by the Ottomans in the

1605:. Mustafa died a short while later and his son Ridwan Pasha, who was the treasurer of 10311: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10237: 10119: 10094: 9802: 9277: 9208: 9132: 8783: 7795: 7718: 7574: 7569: 7500: 7199: 7194: 7179: 7139: 7134: 7100: 7036: 6810: 6557: 6257: 6196: 6186: 6130: 5992: 5987: 5972: 5770: 5749: 5725: 5696: 5644: 5601: 5590: 5569: 5550: 5516: 5489: 5447: 5426: 5398: 5365: 5341: 5331: 5317: 5299: 5287: 5256: 5232: 5188: 4992: 4887: 4797: 4721: 4523: 4468: 4429: 4367: 4294: 4244: 3755: 3663: 3574: 3472: 3425: 3374: 3340: 3306: 3216: 3160: 3150: 3088: 3042: 2926: 2763: 2698: 2679: 2296: 1948: 1922: 1467: 1430: 1353: 1341: 990: 920: 897: 768:

decided to separate it from pagan Gaza in 331, giving Maiuma city rights and its own

682: 498: 482: 424: 404: 400: 342:). Some scholars speculate that the Philistines were descendants of the Caphtorites. 238: 126: 118: 86: 82: 27: 10321: 10306: 10296: 10242: 10129: 10099: 10073: 9903: 9681: 9644: 9213: 9170: 8757: 8248: 8152: 7926: 7908: 7903: 7876: 7812: 7544: 7510: 7490: 7214: 7056: 7001: 6805: 6451: 6392: 6342: 6252: 6161: 6140: 6105: 6064: 6012: 5676: 5178: 4173: 4169: 3413: 2918: 2228: 2101: 2035: 1764: 1668: 1649: 1637: 1511: 1388: 1021: 901: 824: 796: 744: 732:

in 310, was arrested along with about 30 other Christians, and condemned to death.

625: 621: 526: 365: 206: 173: 110: 78: 54: 18:

This article is about the history of Gaza City. For history of the Gaza Strip, see

4577: 3231: 2471:

The Chronology of Tell el-Ajjul, Gaza: stratigraphy, Thera, pumice and radiocarbon

1260:

apparently refortified the city, but the walls were dismantled as a result of the

10277: 10252: 10247: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10084: 9444: 9335: 8722: 8376: 8280: 8260: 8147: 8005: 7315: 7149: 6893: 6722: 6612: 6502: 6002: 5921: 5743: 5479: 5392: 5359: 5250: 5246: 5226: 4514:

Ramzy Baroud; Kathleen Christison; Bill Christison; Jennifer Loewenstein (2006).

4336: 4160:

Shlaim, Avi (1990), "The rise and fall of the All-Palestine Government in Gaza",

3698: 3657: 3568: 3368: 3334: 3300: 3246: 3082: 2984:

Exhibition: Gaza at the crossroads of civilisations (April 27 to October 7, 2007)

2162: 1664: 1571: 1521: 1441: 1415: 1261: 1248: 1236: 1220: 1208: 1191:, also to be seen is the monument for the Khalif Umar." The Arabic-language poet 1062: 889: 800: 773: 736: 713: 562: 361: 298:

Egyptian direct rule ended in the 12th century BCE, when Gaza was settled by the

101: 62: 46:

was ruled, destroyed and repopulated by various dynasties, empires, and peoples.

5505:"The Second Intifada: Background and Causes of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict" 2648: 2150:, the PA chose Gaza as its first provincial headquarters. The newly established 1827:

Gaza was culturally dominated by neighboring Egypt from the early 19th century;

1799: 1466:(hospital), and a castle. In late 1332, coinciding with the appointment of Emir 939:. One of the goods the city exported between the fourth and seventh century was 10165: 10065: 9898: 9655: 9565: 9525: 9505: 9357: 9297: 8394: 8255: 8157: 7934: 7647: 7554: 7072: 6861: 6856: 6727: 6672: 6171: 6059: 5894: 5889: 5461: 5379: 5202: 5049:"Many Gaza residents remain trapped in the north after short evacuation window" 4746: 4199: 2108: 2077: 1894: 1860: 1622: 1542: 1514:, who would later become sultan in 1453. During his sultanate, in 1455, Inal's 1487: 1395: 1172: 1144: 1106:, though their worship and trade continued, as noted in the writings of bishop 974: 836: 729: 589: 542: 420: 372: 282: 149: 142: 138: 6398:

Destruction of cultural heritage during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip

5719: 5680: 1847:

destruction, just barely after the city began to recover from the plague. The

1640:

succeeded him and governed Gaza for thirty years, sometimes incorporating the

1179:, whereby the Fatimids would control Gaza and the land south of it, including 859:, and its southern boundary is unknown, but Gaza's jurisdiction did not reach 463:, who were sympathetic to Alexander's rule. He then organized the city into a 156:

the city. Gaza grew significantly in the first half of the 20th century under

10338: 10181: 9970: 9814: 9580: 9439: 8040: 7800: 7741: 7630: 7184: 7124: 7061: 6960: 6933: 6913: 6908: 6866: 6732: 6701: 6562: 6482: 6462: 6380: 6069: 5977: 5956: 5936: 5931: 5899: 5540: 5520: 3235: 2930: 2300: 2249: 2147: 2089: 1981:

was in control of Gaza and the surrounding area, that came to be called the

1952: 1941: 1867: 1852: 1768: 1711: 1645: 1633: 1525: 1491: 1407: 1302: 1272: 1244: 1119: 1082: 1078: 1005: 816: 769: 752: 717: 550: 529:

against him. The inhabitants, who had hoped for help from the Nabataean king

474: 278: 234: 214: 202: 194: 97: 77:. The area changed hands regularly between two Greek successor-kingdoms, the 32: 9570: 2107:

In December 1987, an uprising began in the occupied territories, called the

1618: 10069: 10061: 9782: 9776: 9650: 9633: 9609: 9540: 9476: 9287: 9255: 9180: 8687: 8132: 7620: 6945: 6903: 6851: 6825: 6717: 6662: 6627: 6572: 6272: 5926: 5884: 5863: 5739: 5634: 4604: 3643: 3545: 3409: 2131: 2062: 2058: 1873: 1751: 1716: 1699: 1694: 1546: 1373: 1322: 1223:. He also had the Great Mosque converted into the Cathedral of Saint John. 1199:. Another poet, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Ghazzi, was born in the city in 1049. 1184: 1176: 916: 709: 689: 566: 546: 323: 307: 106: 93: 5252:

Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Jabal Nablus, 1700-1900

3659:

Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History. Volume 2 (900-1050)

819:

commissioned the construction of a church atop the ruins of the temple of

9933: 9844: 9834: 9690: 9619: 9550: 9545: 9377: 8127: 7066: 6955: 6950: 6923: 6878: 6742: 6677: 6582: 6532: 6512: 6467: 6457: 6074: 5941: 5911: 5275:

Gaza: A City of Many Battles (from the family of Noah to the Present Day)

5153:"PM Netanyahu's Speech in the Knesset Session in Memory of Yitzhak Rabin" 4519: 4290: 3845: 3710: 3441: 2188: 2043: 1999: 1994: 1956: 1780: 1561: 1553: 1495: 1456: 1429:

ruled Mamlakat Ghazzah between 1307 and 1310, during the second reign of

1306: 1294: 1289: 1268: 1129: 924: 864: 646: 331: 266: 117:

temples between 396 and 420 AD. Gaza was conquered by the Muslim general

58: 5688: 855:. Its northern municipal border was marked by Wadi al-Hesi, just before 10089: 10021: 10002: 9819: 9587: 9495: 9417: 9327: 9282: 9185: 8552: 8435:

United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority

8399: 8122: 7868: 7698: 7584: 6970: 6737: 6637: 6632: 6492: 6487: 6332: 6314: 6206: 5485:

History of the city of Gaza: from the earliest times to the present day

5313:

Governing Gaza: Bureaucracy, Authority, and the Work of Rule, 1917-1967

3622: 2938: 2906: 2541:, Studium Biblicum Franciscanum – Jerusalem, 2000-12-19, archived from 2373: 2260: 1982: 1687: 1678: 1594: 1586: 1462: 1402:

accounted to Gaza the cities and towns of Ascalon, Jaffa, Caesarea and

1171:

from Egypt started to grow, leading to a slow decline of the city. The

1133: 852: 840: 740: 477:

took root in Gaza which gained a reputation as a flourishing center of

470: 423:

established a trading post in Gaza. The first coins were minted on the

357: 311: 303: 299: 4133:"This is where war always ends, said the gardener of Gaza's graveyard" 2168: 1344:

encamped in Gaza for fifty days while on a march against the Mongols.

497:

In the 1st century BCE and the first half of that century, it was the

10149: 10079: 10007: 9945: 9938: 9913: 9849: 9829: 9824: 9695: 9666: 9560: 9520: 9382: 8557: 7677: 7589: 7564: 6833: 6769: 6597: 6542: 6522: 6497: 6211: 6181: 5834: 5616: 5364:. Translated by Ethel Broido. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 5355: 5284:

Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia

5184:

Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia

4962:

Bhandari, Aditi; Dutta, Prasanta Kumar; Zafra, Mariano (2023-10-13).

4467:. Institute for Palestine Studies USA, Incorporated. pp. xxiii. 3239: 2284:

of 1.1 million people in the northern Gaza Strip. Soon after, Israel

2135: 1683: 1419: 1318: 1227: 1107: 1066: 1041: 940: 697: 666: 613: 578: 530: 518: 502: 396: 376: 353: 273:

completed his victory over the Hyksos by conquering their stronghold

197:

in 2017. It was inhabited between roughly 3300 BCE and 2400/2350 BCE.

57:

for roughly 350 years before being conquered and becoming one of the

43: 9738: 9714: 4964:"Israeli military orders Gazans to leave northern half of territory" 2922: 2469: 1767:, the rebellious Mamluk sultan of Egypt, sent troops to Gaza to aid 704:

Christianisation in Late Roman-Byzantine transition; Gaza and Maiuma

654: 10036: 9996: 9808: 9794: 9638: 9598: 9592: 9346: 9340: 9292: 8071: 7106:

Israeli razing of cemeteries and necroviolence against Palestinians

6602: 6577: 6547: 5586:

Middle East and Africa: International Dictionary of Historic Places

4516:

The Second Palestinian Intifada: A Chronicle of a People's Struggle

4434: 4386: 4287:

The PLO: The Rise and Fall of the Palestine Liberation Organization

3618: 3471:, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, p. 24, 2192: 1913: 1727: 1653: 1626: 1610: 1602: 1585:

An early governor of Gaza Sanjak was Kara Shahin Mustafa, a former

1507: 1411: 1356:

instituted Gaza as the capital of the province that bore its name,

1216: 1168: 1148: 1033: 994: 912: 876: 856: 808: 804: 617: 570: 486: 408: 274: 270: 122: 8405:

Committee for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice

1391:, but the plot was detected and crushed before being carried out. 888:

Around 540, Gaza became the starting point for pilgrimages to the

281:, it is mentioned on the Syrian-Egyptian caravan route and in the 205:, a site located south of the present-day city, which began as an 10124: 9923: 9755: 9724: 9662: 9614: 9535: 9471: 9407: 9402: 9362: 9352: 9190: 9127: 8567: 7839: 6965: 6888: 6883: 6642: 6607: 6587: 6537: 5916: 5394:

Arabic Christianity between the Ottoman Levant and Eastern Europe

5282:

Dumper, Michael; Stanley, Bruce E.; Abu-Lughod, Janet L. (2007).

5127:"What is South Africa's genocide case against Israel at the ICJ?" 4631:"Light at the End of Their Tunnels? Hamas and the Arab Uprisings" 4317: 3149:

Baldwin, Barry; Kazhdan, Alexander (1991). "Mark the Deacon". In

2139: 1772: 1672: 1621:

in that order, he successfully led an Ottoman contingent against

1575: 1516: 1476: 1446: 1369: 1310: 1240: 1164: 1090: 1086: 650: 633: 514: 460: 335: 327: 237:

began to arise inland along the Wadi Ghazza riverbed. During the

218: 130: 74: 7326:

Societal breakdown in the Gaza Strip during the Israel–Hamas war

3084:

Constantine and the Cities Imperial Authority and Civic Politics

2134:, allowing Palestinian administration of the Gaza Strip and the 314:, a league of the Philistines' five most important city-states. 201:

Settlement in the region of Gaza dates back to 3300–3000 BCE at

10109: 10041: 10031: 10026: 9965: 9960: 9872: 9839: 9765: 9719: 9700: 9628: 9555: 9500: 9490: 9486: 9456: 9450: 9427: 9317: 9312: 9302: 9261: 7834: 6918: 6707: 6667: 6592: 6527: 6507: 5946: 5792: 4851:"Citing past failures, Hamas demands an enforceable cease-fire" 4774:"Palestinians: Mother, 4 children killed in IDF Gaza offensive" 3417: 3332: 3087:. University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated. p. 131. 2076:

Israeli soldiers and Palestinian protesters in Gaza during the

1776: 1747: 1706:, but when Ibrahim was killed during an expedition against the 1590: 1566: 1503: 1480: 1451: 1326: 1183:. By the 985 CE, while under Fatimid rule, the Arab geographer 1037: 986: 944: 820: 674: 670: 662: 574: 412: 346: 262: 258: 246: 242: 210: 134: 50: 8978:

Foreign Affairs Minister of the Palestinian National Authority

3159:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1302. 2328: 2042:

Gaza was invaded and occupied by Israel in 1967 following the

1275:

neighborhood—the first extension of Gaza beyond the Old City.

1235:

withdrew Gaza's Templars to assist him against an Egypt-based

360:

in the early 11th century BCE. When the biblically postulated

345:

Gaza is also mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the place where

9975: 9955: 9950: 9928: 9878: 9854: 9760: 9748: 9743: 9708: 9685: 9604: 9575: 9510: 9466: 9412: 9392: 9114: 8763: 8572: 8477: 8472: 8191: 6975: 6873: 6567: 6552: 6517: 6283: 5906: 5214:

The Journal of Faculty of Arts Alexandria University (BFALEX)

5207:"The Egyptian expansion in the near east in the Saite period" 3570:

Islamic Societies to the Nineteenth Century: A Global History

3445: 3437: 3429: 3421: 2280:

it. In preparation for a ground invasion, Israel ordered the

2204: 2196: 2066: 1978: 1937: 1759: 1707: 1667:, in a series of battles. He was later appointed Governor of 1657: 1614: 1606: 1557: 1403: 1377: 1368:

in the south, extending in the east to the western slopes of

1365: 1337: 1330: 1180: 1152: 1103: 998: 978: 872: 868: 860: 692:

at some point after the reign of Gordian III, possibly under

678: 597: 593: 582: 506: 465: 379:

are believed to have prophesied that Gaza would be deserted.

339: 114: 5803: 4743:"From 'Shield' to 'Edge': How Israel names its military ops" 1536: 851:

Gaza is depicted on the 6th-century mosaic map known as the

419:

unsuccessfully attacked Gaza and later, around 520 BCE, the

9908: 9883: 9732: 9676: 9671: 9461: 9434: 9387: 9367: 9307: 8953: 5546:

The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Corpus

3269:, Studium Biblicum Franciscanum – Jerusalem, archived from 2714: 1721: 1660: 1124: 1029: 905: 685:(132–136 CE), Jewish captives were sold as slaves in Gaza. 658: 510: 455: 5766:

An Ottoman Century: The District of Jerusalem in the 1600s

5566:

Asylia: Territorial Inviolability in the Hellenistic World

5075:"U.S. aid official says famine has begun in northern Gaza" 4771: 4107:, Middle East Research Information Project, archived from 3367:

Bitton-Ashkelony, Brouria; Kofsky, Aryeh (February 2006).

2314: 2303:

of Palestinians in Gaza during the war, with South Africa

2214: 2005:

Upon the withdrawal of Israeli forces, Egyptian president

1985:. Gaza's growing population was augmented by an influx of 1360:, lit. the Governorate of Gaza. This province covered the 997:

visited the city more than once before being a prophet of

382: 9770: 4671:"REAL STORIES, REAL LIVES – WHAT THE GAZA BLOCKADE MEANS" 4573: 3754:. Leiden / New York / Cologne: Brill. pp. xii–xiii. 3751:

Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palestinae. Volume One: A

3433: 2207:. However, these tensions continued, and culminated in a 1746:

In 1723, the Ottomans appointed Salih Pasha Tuqan of the

1381: 1313:

subsequently drove the Mongols out of the city and again

7078:

Archaeological sites destroyed during the Gaza genocide

6403:

Archaeological sites destroyed during the Gaza genocide

4410: 4104:

Palestine, Israel and the Arab-Israeli Conflict A Primer

3266:

Excerpt in Gaza (1992), pages 75-76)- (Gaza, al -'Azzah)

2851: 2849: 2161:, another Palestinian uprising was launched, called the 285:

as "ḫazzatu". Gaza was in Egyptian hands for 350 years.

160:. The population of the city swelled as a result of the 5281: 4772:

Harel, Amos; Yanir Yagna; Yoav Stern (3 January 2009).

6443:

Territory acquired during Israel's war of independence

4218: 3523: 3521: 3366: 1810:

The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt, and Nubia

1601:, although he was deposed three years later by Sultan 973:

There were already converts to Islam among the city's

612:, Gaza is mentioned as being on the desert route from 5224: 4993:"IDF chief: Israeli forces have Gaza city surrounded" 4838:"Israel's Gaza toll far lower than Palestinian tally" 4243:. Institute for Palestine Studies USA, Incorporated. 2846: 1775:, helping him check the power of the Ottomans in the 1625:

in 1579. The sultan then awarded him the province of

435: 5101:"Gaza Strip in maps: How life has changed Published" 3298: 2739: 2486: 1794: 803:. In 402, after obtaining a decree from the emperor 5023:"Israel's Gaza withdrawal hints at what comes next" 3518: 2727: 525:besieged the city for a year, which had sided with 481:learning and philosophy. Belonging at first to the 168:. Gaza became a center of confrontation during the 4961: 4937:"Israel-Gaza war in maps and charts: Live tracker" 4315:Innocent Palestinians in Remote Desert in Sinai,' 4126: 4124: 3215:New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984, pp. 86–89 3041:. Oxford University Press. pp. XVIII, 31–33. 2678:. London / New York: Routledge. pp. 555–559. 2154:held its inaugural session in Gaza in March 1996. 184: 4570:"Hamas controls Gaza, says it will stay in power" 3469:The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book 2414:Filfil, Rania; Louton, Barbara (September 2008). 1167:ruled Gaza, and around 909, the influence of the 241:, Tell as-Sakan was the southernmost locality in 85:of Egypt, until it was besieged and taken by the 73:learning and philosophy, was resettled by nearby 10336: 5177: 3299:Grillmeier, Alois; Hainthaler, Theresia (1975). 1301:Ayyubid rule virtually ended in 1260, after the 556: 407:was defeated by the Egyptian army under pharaoh 302:, a seafaring people with cultural links to the 109:in the city was spearheaded and completed under 7823:Proposed Israeli resettlement of the Gaza Strip 5225:Bitton-Askeloni, Bruria; Kofsky, Arieh (2004). 4713: 4121: 3035:"1. Prologue: From Constantine to Abd al-Malik" 3005:"Gaza Still Standing: A Historical Perspective" 2146:(PA) to administer and police the city. Led by 1347: 811:, replacing persecution of the Christians with 10211: 5745:Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, G 5709:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 ( 5418: 4490:"Rising of the oppressed: the second Intifada" 4155: 4153: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3148: 2165:. Gaza again became an area of confrontation. 1738:dwindled after they were removed from office. 1506:. The plot was detected, Safawi was exiled to 923:, who greatly influenced Byzantine and Slavic 813:persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire 751:. The official recognition of Christianity by 10197: 9241: 8087: 6299: 5819: 5611: 4230: 4067: 4065: 4063: 4061: 3928: 3926: 3394: 2986:. Art and History Museum, Geneva, Switzerland 2114: 639: 603: 352:According to biblical accounts, Gaza fell to 53:settlement, it came under the control of the 31:The Old Town of Gaza (1862–1863). Picture by 7764:Walkley Book Award #The Palestine Laboratory 7683:Environmental impact of the Israel–Hamas war 6692: 4454: 4033: 4031: 3289:Bitton-Ashkelony and Kofsky, 2004, pp.43-46. 2416:"The Other Face of Gaza: The Gaza Continuum" 2413: 1917:Gaza after surrender to British forces, 1918 1077:Gaza was placed under the administration of 61:' principal cities. Gaza became part of the 4883:The 51 Day War: Ruin and Resistance in Gaza 4822:"Hamas, Israel set independent cease-fires" 4460: 4236: 4185: 4183: 4150: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3935: 2630:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 2627: 1636:, 'the Pasha's castle'. Ridwan Pasha's son 1433:until the latter was briefly overthrown by 789: 588:The establishment of the Roman province of 492: 10204: 10190: 9248: 9234: 8094: 8080: 6306: 6292: 5826: 5812: 5762: 5460: 4879: 4487: 4200:"Six-Day War – Middle East [1967]" 4058: 3923: 3573:. Cambridge University Press. p. 70. 3489: 3487: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3065: 2907:"Towards a Study of the Roman Slave Trade" 2818: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2757: 1741: 1202: 1072: 7818:Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip 7407:Deir al-Balah Municipality Public Library 7130:Great Mosque of Gaza (Great Omari Mosque) 6359:Israeli occupation of the Sinai Peninsula 5983:Great Mosque of Gaza (Great Omari Mosque) 5390: 4790: 4640:. August 14, 2012. p. 38, note 283. 4544:"Hamas, Fatah Reach Accord on Government" 4040: 4028: 3832: 3830: 3773: 3771: 3734: 3732: 3730: 3728: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3205: 2977:"Gaza at the crossroads of civilisations" 2974: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2288:the city, occupying it for eight months. 2172:Map of the Gaza Strip in May 2005. Major 1686:with Gaza in the background, painting by 1556:(District of Gaza), which stretched from 1537:Early Ottoman rule and the Ridwan dynasty 930: 5502: 5419:Husseini, Rafiq; Barnea, Tamara (2002). 4416: 4180: 3951: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3810: 3683: 3603: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3466: 3178: 3176: 3130:Bitton-Ashkelony and Kofsky, 2004, p.45. 2870: 2531: 2529: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2259: 2167: 2125: 2084:In 1971, the IDF destroyed parts of the 2071: 2029: 1912: 1872: 1863:had the wells of Gaza restored in 1893. 1815: 1798: 1677: 1564:in the east and Rafah in the south. The 1288: 1285:List of governors of Gaza § Mamluks 1158: 1139:In 796 the city was laid waste during a 439: 188: 26: 8244:Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon 8197:Palestinian Declaration of Independence 7516:Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital 6376:Gaza Subdistrict in Mandatory Palestine 6146:Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital 5633: 5539: 5309: 5269: 5245: 4740: 3974: 3566: 3560: 3484: 3302:Christ in Christian Tradition Tomos 2-3 3185: 3108: 2911:Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome 2822: 2807: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2315:Chronology of the sovereignty over Gaza 2215:Hamas takeover and conflict with Israel 968: 883: 383:Under Assyria, Egypt, Persia, Babylonia 269:powers. For instance, Egyptian pharaoh 10337: 8530:Legal status of the State of Palestine 8030:Hind Rajab and the Hamadeh family (9) 7431:Khan Yunis Municipality Public Library 5738: 5717: 5657: 5563: 5443:Israel and the Palestinian territories 5439: 5378: 5201: 4931: 4929: 4753:from the original on 10 September 2015 4361: 4284: 4224: 4159: 4130: 3768: 3747: 3741: 3725: 3292: 3262: 3251: 3080: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2904: 2879: 2855: 2745: 2733: 2724:, Jerusalem, Hamakor, 1970, pp.298–299 2646: 2492: 2157:In 2000, following the failure of the 2094:United Nations Relief and Works Agency 1881:was heavily damaged during World War I 958: 649:. During his visit in 130 CE, Emperor 317: 10185: 9229: 8312:2009 Hamas political violence in Gaza 8075: 6437:Gaza Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine 6353:Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip 6287: 5807: 5503:Pressman, Jeremy (21 February 2006). 5478: 5330: 4647:from the original on 2 September 2012 3807: 3655: 3649: 3496: 3173: 3032: 2900: 2898: 2786:. Cambridge University Press, p. 147. 2673: 2400: 1969:Occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt 941:wine, which was grown around the city 724:in 303. The first bishop of Gaza was 430: 252: 8943:Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation 8425:Palestinian National Security Forces 8202:Years in the Palestinian territories 8101: 7304:Capital punishment in the Gaza Strip 7244:Church of Saint Porphyrius airstrike 5582: 5527:from the original on 1 November 2020 5003:from the original on 2 November 2023 4861:from the original on 28 January 2016 4741:Arnaout, Abdel-Raouf (9 July 2014). 4442:from the original on 12 October 2017 3026: 2789: 2498: 1851:was renovated in 1856, and in 1874, 1376:; its major towns to the north were 1297:in Gaza dates from the Mamluk period 716:around 250 CE; first in the port of 592:in 106 CE restored trade links with 505:, whose caravans arrived there from 7616:Yasser Arafat International Airport 7281:Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 6080:Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 6053:Historic buildings and institutions 5640:Palestine: History of a Lost Nation 5354: 4926: 4600:"Hamas battles for control of Gaza" 4502:from the original on 8 January 2015 4385: 4206:from the original on 1 October 2016 3722:Haldimann and Humbert, 2007, p.195. 3646:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. 442. 3625:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. 442. 3594: 3567:Lapidus, Ira M. (29 October 2012). 2959: 2467: 2034:The newly appointed mayor of Gaza, 2016:Palestinian Liberation Organization 1962: 1779:. Gaza was briefly occupied by the 839:with a mosaic tile floor depicting 830: 784: 545:after it was incorporated into the 349:was imprisoned and met his death. 13: 10171:Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions 9256:Ancient states and regions in the 7955:Deif and Al Dalu families (3 + 3) 6940:Cities elsewhere in the Gaza Strip 5568:. University of California Press. 5255:. University of California Press. 5081:from the original on 12 April 2024 4257:from the original on 11 March 2024 4071:Dumper an Abu-Lughod, 2007, p.155. 3848:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p.442. 3713:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p.442. 3701:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p.442. 3548:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. 39. 3156:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium 2895: 2221:Hamas government in the Gaza Strip 2025: 1908: 1730:and died in prison there in 1663. 1264:agreed upon months later in 1193. 963: 657:. Other temples were dedicated to 436:Alexander, Ptolemies and Seleucids 14: 10361: 8993:International aid to Palestinians 7443:Rafah Municipality Public Library 5785: 4914:from the original on 25 July 2017 4376:, Oxford University Press p. 206. 3400:Yardeni et al., 2014, pp.420-421. 2098:Palestine Liberation Organization 1795:Egyptian rule and Ottoman revival 1531: 1113: 1096: 1004:In 634, Gaza was besieged by the 688:Gaza was awarded the status of a 485:, it passed after 200 BCE to the 306:, following their defeat against 125:wrested control of Gaza from the 10221: 9207: 8988:Diplomatic missions in Palestine 8983:Diplomatic missions of Palestine 8973:Palestine and the United Nations 8056: 8055: 7808:History of the Jews in Gaza City 7704:Israeli unilateral disengagement 7419:Gaza Municipality Public Library 7286:Al Mezan Center for Human Rights 7239:Saint Porphyrius Orthodox Church 7155:Ibrahim al-Maqadma Mosque attack 6452:Ashkelon § State of Israel 6034:Saint Porphyrius Orthodox Church 5791: 5361:A History of Palestine, 634–1099 5228:Christian Gaza In Late Antiquity 5145: 5119: 5093: 5067: 5041: 5015: 4985: 4955: 4900: 4873: 4843: 4831: 4826:Last Israeli troops 'leave Gaza' 4815: 4765: 4734: 4714:Richemond-Barak, Daphné (2018). 4707: 4689: 4663: 4623: 4592: 4562: 4536: 4481: 4422: 4379: 4352: 4343: 4323: 4307: 4278: 4269: 4192: 4131:Wright, Tony (13 October 2023). 4095: 4086: 3213:Christianizing the Roman Empire. 2384:History of the Jews in Gaza City 2321:Occupied Palestinian Territories 2201:Palestinian legislative election 2180:In 2005, Israel implemented its 1278: 896:, including 6th-century scholar 823:in 406. Note that according to 549:in 63 BCE, under the command of 444:Statue of Zeus unearthed in Gaza 129:in 1100, but were driven out by 9481: 8488:Palestinian National Initiative 8430:Palestinian Preventive Security 8372:Palestinian Legislative Council 7309:Capital punishment in Palestine 7275:Palestinian Legislative Council 6155:Recreation and cultural centers 6085:Palestinian Legislative Council 5668:Review of International Studies 4974:from the original on 2023-11-11 4612:from the original on 2022-06-30 4074: 4049: 4019: 4010: 4001: 3992: 3983: 3965: 3914: 3905: 3896: 3887: 3878: 3869: 3860: 3851: 3839: 3798: 3789: 3780: 3716: 3704: 3692: 3637: 3628: 3612: 3551: 3539: 3530: 3460: 3451: 3403: 3360: 3326: 3283: 3225: 3142: 3133: 3124: 3074: 2997: 2948: 2861: 2823:Doughty, Dick (November 2006). 2776: 2751: 2703: 2692: 2667: 2640: 2621: 2610: 2599: 1993:, an entity established by the 1921:After the First World War, the 1051: 536: 310:. It then became a part of the 185:Tell es-Sakan and Tell el-Ajjul 8708:Palestinian citizens of Israel 8520:Palestinian political violence 7521:2024 Gaza Strip polio epidemic 7321:Police in the Israel–Hamas war 6994:Governorates of the Gaza Strip 6313: 5549:. Cambridge University Press. 5425:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 4880:Blumenthal, Max (2015-06-30). 4576:. 14 June 2007. Archived from 4430:"Arabs seek to isolate Israel" 4391:"The Peril of Forgetting Gaza" 4174:10.1525/jps.1990.20.1.00p0044q 3263:Donner, Herbert (2000-12-19), 2588: 2577: 2566: 2555: 2461: 2437: 2309:International Court of Justice 2233:After Hamas' takeover, Israel 1901:, finally conquered Gaza in a 1520:(executive secretary) had the 1120:Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi'i 985:, who later became the second 900:or the ecclesiastic historian 681:. With the suppression of the 293: 1: 10350:History of Palestine (region) 8387:Gaza Strip (Hamas-controlled) 7830:LGBT rights in the Gaza Strip 5833: 5488:. Columbia University Press. 4349:Karmi and Cotran, 1999, p.33. 3081:Lenski, Noel (January 2016). 2784:The Cambridge Ancient History 2182:unilateral disengagement plan 1754:to govern Gaza and two other 1418:) to the south; Bayt Jibrin, 1081:("District of Palestine") of 557:Herod; First Roman-Jewish war 179: 10213:History of the Middle East 9423:Kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia 8665:Palestine Monetary Authority 8367:Palestinian National Council 8328:Hamas-Jund Ansar Allah clash 7580:Rashad Shawa Cultural Center 7260:elsewhere in the Gaza Strip: 6202:Rashad Shawa Cultural Center 4828:, BBC News, 21 January 2009. 4162:Journal of Palestine Studies 3071:Yardeni et al., 2014, p.419. 2825:"Gaza: Contested Crossroads" 2394: 2152:Palestinian National Council 2048:Israeli Military Governorate 1927:British Mandate of Palestine 1820:Ghuzzeh (Gaza), painting by 1348:Gaza Governorate (est. 1293) 846: 170:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 7: 8658:Water supply and sanitation 8515:Palestinian right of return 8172:History of the Palestinians 7995:Bibas family (unconfirmed) 7971:Killing of Rouzan al-Najjar 7904:Rachel Corrie § Death 7251:Holy Family Catholic Church 6786:Izz Ad Din Al Qassam Street 6238:Izz Ad Din Al Qassam Street 6039:Holy Family Catholic Church 5509:Journal of Conflict Studies 5386:. Librairie Arthéme Fayard. 5340:. Oxford University Press. 4720:. Oxford University Press. 3662:. BRILL. pp. 618–622. 3370:The Monastic School of Gaza 3339:. De Gruyter. p. 427. 3232:King David playing the Lyre 3039:Palestine in Late Antiquity 2905:Harris, William V. (1980). 2676:The Ancient Israelite World 2362: 2264:Destroyed buildings in Gaza 2057:(IDF) under the command of 2020:Palestinian Liberation Army 1593:and trusted aide of Sultan 1226:In 1154, the Arab traveler 735:With reorganization of the 541:Gaza was rebuilt by consul 288: 233:. An urban center known as 10: 10366: 8843:Postage stamps and history 8349:West Bank (SOP-controlled) 7655:Blockade of the Gaza Strip 7550:Bisan City tourist village 7540:Gaza Museum of Archaeology 6371:All-Palestine Protectorate 6192:Gaza Museum of Archaeology 5472:Palestine Exploration Fund 5384:A History of Ancient Egypt 5181:; Dumper, Michael (2007). 5170: 4638:International Crisis Group 4488:Ruth Tenne (Autumn 2007). 4275:Feldman, 2008, pp.226–227. 2975:Remondino (June 5, 2007). 2647:Wimmer, Stefan J. (2022). 2318: 2248:In 2014, Israel initiated 2218: 2118: 2115:Palestinian administration 1966: 1849:Church of Saint Porphyrius 1580:monastery of St. Catherine 1282: 640:Culture and administration 604:In the New Testament: Acts 427:model around 420–410 BCE. 113:, who destroyed its eight 17: 10228: 10219: 10158: 10052: 9793: 9326: 9268: 9203: 9163: 9113: 9106: 9001: 8963: 8883: 8778:universities and colleges 8673: 8613: 8543: 8457:International recognition 8443: 8417: 8385: 8347: 8340: 8320: 8297: 8289:Dawson's Field hijackings 8279: 8219: 8212: 8110: 8053: 7885: 7858: 7854: 7783: 7779: 7734: 7691: 7670: 7643:Egypt-Palestine relations 7606: 7529: 7470: 7399: 7355: 7342:Economy of the Gaza Strip 7334: 7294: 7267: 7228: 7114: 7093: 7049: 6992: 6988: 6796:Jamal Abdel Nasser Street 6759: 6755: 6688: 6422: 6325: 6321: 6243:Jamal Abdel Nasser Street 6225: 6154: 6094:Health care and education 6093: 6052: 6026: 5965: 5872: 5841: 5681:10.1017/S026021050300007X 5397:. BRILL. pp. 33–36. 5316:. Duke University Press. 4798:"Gaza conflict: Timeline" 4137:The Sydney Morning Herald 3467:Stillman, Norman (1979), 2538:Gaza – (Gaza, al -'Azzah) 1973:At the conclusion of the 1629:, where he died in 1585. 1570:was a part of the larger 712:in Gaza was initiated by 356:rule during the reign of 20:History of the Gaza Strip 8938:Palestine–Israel Journal 6821:Unknown Soldier's Square 6653:al-Sawafir al-Shamaliyya 6366:All-Palestine Government 6268:Unknown Soldier's Square 5589:. Taylor & Francis. 5564:Rigsby, Kent J. (1997). 4840:. Reuters, 26 March 2009 4285:Becker, Jillian (2014). 3305:. Mowbrays. p. 15. 3014:. This Week in Palestine 2389: 1991:All-Palestine Government 1857:Charles Clermont-Ganneau 1595:Suleiman the Magnificent 1267:According to geographer 790:Pagan–Christian tensions 722:Diocletianic Persecution 493:Nabateans and Hasmoneans 387:When Canaan fell to the 8948:Palestinian Media Watch 8932:The Palestine Telegraph 8321:Hamas-Salafist conflict 8239:1948 Palestinian exodus 8234:1947–1949 Palestine war 8182:Palestinian nationalism 7478:Gaza Ministry of Health 7172:Shaykh Zakariyya Mosque 6841:Gaza City neighborhoods 6658:al-Sawafir al-Sharqiyya 6648:al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya 6018:Shaykh Zakariyya Mosque 5718:Shahin, Mariam (2005). 5683:(inactive 2024-08-27). 5625:. Vol. 2. Boston: 5440:Jacobs, Daniel (1998). 5310:Feldman, Ilana (2008). 4495:International Socialism 3971:Dowling 1913, pp. 70-71 3911:Panchenko, 2021, p. 36. 3457:Filiu, 2014, pp. 18–19. 3121:Meyer, 1907, pp. 59-61. 3012:thisweekinpalestine.com 1742:Decay after the Ridwans 1352:In 1293, Qalawun's son 1203:Crusader/Ayyubid period 1073:Administrative district 1012:, with assistance from 757:First Council of Nicaea 10016:Luwian-Aramaean states 8740:Costume and embroidery 8693:Palestinian Christians 8014:Nahida and Samar Anton 7791:Palestinian Christians 7660:Gaza smuggling tunnels 7560:Faisal Equestrian Club 7210:Sayed al-Hashim Mosque 7205:Katib al-Wilaya Mosque 7162:Sayed al-Hashim Mosque 7145:Katib al-Wilaya Mosque 6623:al-Masmiyya al-Saghira 6177:Faisal Equestrian Club 6008:Sayed al-Hashim Mosque 5998:Katib al-Wilaya Mosque 5748:. Vol. 4. BRILL. 5627:Crocker & Brewster 4189:Feldman, 2008, pp.8–9. 3857:Meyer, 1907, pp.90–91. 3748:Sharon, Moshe (1997). 3738:Meyer, 1907, pp.85-86. 3182:Meyer, 1907, pp.63–64. 3033:Sivan, Hagith (2008). 2829:This Week in Palestine 2420:This Week in Palestine 2379:List of rulers of Gaza 2305:initiating proceedings 2286:surrounded and invaded 2276:on the Gaza Strip and 2265: 2177: 2159:2000 Camp David Summit 2081: 2039: 1918: 1882: 1824: 1813: 1690: 1414:(in north-central the 1298: 1233:Amalric I of Jerusalem 931:Economy; wine industry 743:, Gaza became part of 636:in some nearby water. 445: 198: 35: 9867:Neo-Babylonian Empire 9451:Canaanite city-states 7771:World Central Kitchen 7747:Gaza Freedom Flotilla 7714:2023 Israeli invasion 7636:Kerem Shalom crossing 7486:Al-Ahli Arab Hospital 7455:Samir Mansour Library 7347:Taxation in Palestine 6899:Al-Shati refugee camp 6618:al-Masmiyya al-Kabira 6386:Beersheba Subdistrict 6101:Al-Ahli Arab Hospital 5763:Ze'evi, Dror (1996). 5480:Meyer, Martin Abraham 4855:america.aljazeera.com 4824:, CNN International; 4358:Feldman, 2008, p.228. 4055:Robinson, 1841, p.38. 4046:Robinson, 1841, p.39. 4037:Robinson, 1841, p.37. 4025:Doumani, 1995, p.102. 3875:Sharon, 2009, p. 162. 3804:Sharon, 2009, p. 101. 3609:Dowling, 1913, p. 37. 2263: 2171: 2144:Palestinian Authority 2126:Palestinian Authority 2121:Palestinian Authority 2086:Al-Shati refugee camp 2075: 2055:Israel Defense Forces 2046:. Israel created the 2033: 1975:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1916: 1891:second Battle of Gaza 1876: 1829:Muhammad Ali of Egypt 1819: 1802: 1682:Muslims studying the 1681: 1292: 1258:Richard the Lionheart 1159:Tulunids and Fatimids 837:6th-century synagogue 630:Philip the Evangelist 443: 192: 166:1948 Arab–Israeli War 145:in the 16th century. 30: 10345:History of Gaza City 10317:United Arab Emirates 10150:Tanukhid confederacy 9985:New Kingdom of Egypt 8605:World Heritage Sites 8600:Depopulated villages 8299:Fatah–Hamas conflict 8177:Slavery in Palestine 7945:Al-Dalu family (12) 7724:Philadelphi Corridor 7506:Kamal Adwan Hospital 7190:Great Mosque of Gaza 6776:Streets in Gaza City 6136:Kamal Adwan Hospital 5800:at Wikimedia Commons 5798:History of Gaza City 5658:Selby, Jan (2003a). 5583:Ring, Trudy (1996). 4461:Sara M. Roy (2016). 4237:Sara M. Roy (2016). 4092:Feldman, 2008, p.21. 4007:Sabbagh, 2008, p.40. 3989:Doumani, 1995, p.38. 3902:Doumani, 1995, p.35. 3884:Sharon, 2009, p. 166 3786:Sharon, 2009, p. 83. 3527:Sharon, 2009, p. 23. 3373:. Brill. p. 4. 3202:Pringle, 1993, p.208 2876:Dowling, 1913, p.33. 2369:History of Palestine 2225:Gaza-Israel conflict 2012:United Arab Republic 1934:1929 Palestine riots 1879:Great Mosque of Gaza 1822:Charles van de Velde 1803:Painting of Gaza by 1435:Baybars al-Jashnakir 1163:From 868 to 905 the 1128:(schools of law) of 1059:Great Mosque of Gaza 1046:Hashim ibn Abd Manaf 969:Arab Muslim conquest 949:Sidonius Apollinaris 884:Christian golden era 749:Late Roman provinces 624:was explained to an 610:Acts of the Apostles 561:Gaza was granted to 92:Gaza was rebuilt by 9862:Neo-Assyrian Empire 9645:Paleo-Syrian states 9181:Gypsies (Dom/Nawar) 8862:Religious buildings 8535:Anti-Palestinianism 8221:Israeli–Palestinian 8062:Category:Gaza Strip 7626:Gaza-Israel barrier 7496:Al-Rantisi Hospital 7381:Al-Azhar University 7277:(destroyed in 2023) 7256:Gaza Baptist Church 6801:Omar Mukhtar Street 6478:al-Batani al-Sharqi 6473:al-Batani al-Gharbi 6348:Khan Yunis massacre 6248:Omar Mukhtar Street 6226:Streets and squares 6121:Al-Rantisi Hospital 6116:Al-Azhar University 6044:Gaza Baptist Church 5724:. Interlink Books. 5470:. Committee of the 4999:. 2 November 2023. 4717:Underground Warfare 4697:"Rockets from Gaza" 4396:The Harvard Crimson 4016:Meyer, 1907, p.101. 3948:Ze'evi, 1996, p.41. 3932:Ze'evi, 1996, p.40. 3920:Ze'evi, 1996, p.52. 3866:Meyer, 1907, p. 97. 3689:Meyer, 1907, p. 78. 3557:Meyer, 1907, p. 76. 3536:Meyer, 1907, p. 71. 3515:Ring, 1996, p. 289. 3493:Filiu, 2014, p. 19. 3211:MacMullen, Ramsay. 2804:Ring, 1996, p. 287. 2782:Bury, John Bagnell. 2722:The Guide to Israel 2293:humanitarian crisis 1522:Madrasa of Birdibak 1014:Khalid ibn al-Walid 983:Umar ibn al-Khattab 959:Early Muslim period 772:independent of the 628:along this road by 449:Alexander the Great 393:Tiglath-Pileser III 334:from the island of 318:In the Hebrew Bible 231:Early Bronze Age IV 223:Early Bronze Age II 67:Alexander the Great 42:spans 4,000 years. 10105:Herodian Tetrarchy 8453:State of Palestine 7759:Antony Loewenstein 7752:Gaza flotilla raid 7709:Israeli occupation 7391:Al-Aqsa University 7386:Islamic University 7220:Umm al-Nasr Mosque 6781:Ahmad Orabi Street 6233:Ahmad Orabi Street 6126:Islamic University 6111:Al-Aqsa University 5721:Palestine: A Guide 4997:The Jerusalem Post 4335:2012-02-16 at the 4083:Gaza Municipality. 3998:Meyer, 1907, p.100 3980:Meyer 1907, p. 98. 3962:Meyer, 1907, p.98. 3893:Ze'evi, 1996, p.2. 3836:Ring, 1996, p.290. 3795:Meyer, 1907, p.83. 3777:Meyer, 1907, p.87. 3634:Gil, 1992, p. 349. 3600:Gil, 1992, p. 292. 3245:2017-05-17 at the 3151:Kazhdan, Alexander 3139:Meyer, 1907, p.63. 2892:Meyer, 1907, p.58. 2266: 2178: 2082: 2040: 2007:Gamal Abdel Nasser 1919: 1883: 1825: 1814: 1785:Napoleon Bonaparte 1693:'Arab Hasan's son 1691: 1340:. In 1279, Sultan 1299: 1254:Gerard of Ridefort 1193:Sulayman al-Ghazzi 1026:Rashidun Caliphate 1018:Battle of Ajnadayn 953:Isidore of Seville 523:Alexander Jannaeus 446: 431:Hellenistic period 253:Historical outline 209:fortress built in 199: 162:Palestinian exodus 36: 10330: 10329: 10179: 10178: 10120:Nabataean Kingdom 10095:Hasmonean dynasty 10090:Ghassanid Kingdom 9803:Achaemenid Empire 9639:Ib'al Confederacy 9278:Kish civilization 9223: 9222: 9199: 9198: 9133:Afro-Palestinians 8926:Ma'an News Agency 8804:Mental healthcare 8784:Flag of Palestine 8463:Political parties 8413: 8412: 8336: 8335: 8249:First Lebanon War 8069: 8068: 8049: 8048: 7850: 7849: 7796:Palestinian clans 7719:Netzarim Corridor 7575:Palestine Stadium 7570:Al-Andalusia mall 7501:Al-Shifa Hospital 7373:Christian schools 7363:Education in Gaza 7200:Ibn Uthman Mosque 7195:Ibn Marwan Mosque 7180:Abu Khadra Mosque 7140:Ibn Uthman Mosque 7135:Ibn Marwan Mosque 7101:Gaza War Cemetery 7045: 7044: 6984: 6983: 6884:Al-Saha (As-Saha) 6811:Salah al-Din Road 6751: 6750: 6558:Iraq al-Manshiyya 6448:Al-Majdal Asqalan 6418: 6417: 6281: 6280: 6258:Salah al-Din Road 6197:Palestine Stadium 6187:Al-Andalusia mall 6131:Al-Shifa Hospital 6060:Ancient Synagogue 5993:Ibn Uthman Mosque 5988:Ibn Marwan Mosque 5973:Abu Khadra Mosque 5917:Al-Saha (As-Saha) 5796:Media related to 5755:978-90-04-17085-8 5650:978-1-900949-48-4 5453:978-0-8021-4350-1 5404:978-90-04-46583-1 5323:978-0-8223-4240-3 5293:978-1-57607-919-5 5238:978-90-04-13868-1 5194:978-1-57607-919-5 4893:978-1-56858-512-3 4886:. PublicAffairs. 4727:978-0-19-045724-2 4529:978-0-7453-2547-7 4474:978-0-88728-321-5 4368:Jean-Pierre Filiu 4250:978-0-88728-321-5 3669:978-90-04-21618-1 3580:978-0-521-51441-5 3312:978-0-19-921288-0 2769:978-3-525-53907-1 2685:978-1-032-34973-2 1949:Gaza War Cemetery 1923:League of Nations 1838:American scholar 1733:Husayn's brother 1599:Governor of Egypt 1479:) of Syria, Emir 1468:Taynal al-Ashrafi 1460:(caravansary), a 1431:an-Nasir Muhammad 1354:an-Nasir Muhammad 1342:al-Mansur Qalawun 991:Islamic Caliphate 921:Dorotheus of Gaza 898:Procopius of Gaza 894:rhetorical school 683:Bar Kokhba revolt 517:. In 96 BCE, the 483:Ptolemaic kingdom 405:Nebuchadnezzar II 239:Middle Bronze Age 100:, and granted to 81:of Syria and the 55:ancient Egyptians 10357: 10225: 10206: 10199: 10192: 10183: 10182: 10130:Palmyrene Empire 10100:Herodian kingdom 10074:Byzantine Empire 9889:Israel (Samaria) 9250: 9243: 9236: 9227: 9226: 9211: 9111: 9110: 8345: 8344: 8271:Israel–Hamas war 8217: 8216: 8096: 8089: 8082: 8073: 8072: 8059: 8058: 7987:Abu Qouta family 7927:Zeitoun killings 7909:MV Rachel Corrie 7877:Rouzan al-Najjar 7856: 7855: 7813:Israeli settlers 7781: 7780: 7545:Al-Bustan resort 7511:Al-Awda Hospital 7491:Al-Aqsa Hospital 7463: 7451: 7439: 7427: 7415: 7215:Al-Shamah Mosque 7086: 7067:Qissariya Market 7057:Hamam al-Sammara 6990: 6989: 6806:Palestine Square 6757: 6756: 6690: 6689: 6411: 6393:Jerusalem Sanjak 6343:History of Hamas 6323: 6322: 6308: 6301: 6294: 6285: 6284: 6253:Palestine Square 6141:Al-Awda Hospital 6106:Al-Aqsa Hospital 6075:Qissariya Market 6065:Hamam al-Sammara 5828: 5821: 5814: 5805: 5804: 5795: 5780: 5759: 5735: 5714: 5708: 5700: 5664: 5654: 5630: 5600: 5579: 5560: 5536: 5534: 5532: 5499: 5475: 5457: 5446:. Rough Guides. 5436: 5415: 5413: 5411: 5387: 5375: 5351: 5327: 5297: 5278: 5266: 5242: 5221: 5211: 5198: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5149: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5138: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5071: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5060: 5045: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5008: 4989: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4979: 4959: 4953: 4952: 4950: 4948: 4933: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4904: 4898: 4897: 4877: 4871: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4847: 4841: 4835: 4829: 4819: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4809: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4784: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4711: 4705: 4704: 4693: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4682: 4667: 4661: 4660: 4654: 4652: 4646: 4635: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4608:. 16 June 2007. 4596: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4566: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4540: 4534: 4533: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4485: 4479: 4478: 4458: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4426: 4420: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4389:(June 2, 2009). 4383: 4377: 4365: 4359: 4356: 4350: 4347: 4341: 4327: 4321: 4311: 4305: 4304: 4282: 4276: 4273: 4267: 4266: 4264: 4262: 4234: 4228: 4222: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4196: 4190: 4187: 4178: 4177: 4157: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4143: 4128: 4119: 4118: 4117: 4116: 4099: 4093: 4090: 4084: 4078: 4072: 4069: 4056: 4053: 4047: 4044: 4038: 4035: 4026: 4023: 4017: 4014: 4008: 4005: 3999: 3996: 3990: 3987: 3981: 3978: 3972: 3969: 3963: 3960: 3949: 3946: 3933: 3930: 3921: 3918: 3912: 3909: 3903: 3900: 3894: 3891: 3885: 3882: 3876: 3873: 3867: 3864: 3858: 3855: 3849: 3843: 3837: 3834: 3805: 3802: 3796: 3793: 3787: 3784: 3778: 3775: 3766: 3765: 3745: 3739: 3736: 3723: 3720: 3714: 3708: 3702: 3696: 3690: 3687: 3681: 3680: 3678: 3676: 3653: 3647: 3641: 3635: 3632: 3626: 3616: 3610: 3607: 3601: 3598: 3592: 3591: 3589: 3587: 3564: 3558: 3555: 3549: 3543: 3537: 3534: 3528: 3525: 3516: 3513: 3494: 3491: 3482: 3481: 3464: 3458: 3455: 3449: 3407: 3401: 3398: 3392: 3391: 3389: 3387: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3330: 3324: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3296: 3290: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3279: 3278: 3260: 3249: 3229: 3223: 3209: 3203: 3200: 3183: 3180: 3171: 3170: 3146: 3140: 3137: 3131: 3128: 3122: 3119: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3078: 3072: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3057: 3055: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3009: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2991: 2981: 2972: 2957: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2902: 2893: 2890: 2877: 2874: 2868: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2831:. Archived from 2820: 2805: 2802: 2787: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2755: 2749: 2743: 2737: 2731: 2725: 2718: 2712: 2707: 2701: 2696: 2690: 2689: 2671: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2644: 2638: 2637: 2625: 2619: 2614: 2608: 2606:2Chronicles 26:6 2603: 2597: 2592: 2586: 2581: 2575: 2570: 2564: 2562:Deuteronomy 2:23 2559: 2553: 2552: 2551: 2550: 2533: 2496: 2490: 2484: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2468:Fischer, Peter. 2465: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2455: 2441: 2435: 2434: 2432: 2431: 2422:. Archived from 2411: 2311:against Israel. 2229:Israel-Hamas war 2174:settlement blocs 2102:Rashad al-Shawwa 2036:Rushdi al-Shawwa 1963:Egyptian control 1765:Ali Bey al-Kabir 1560:in the north to 1512:Sayf ad-Din Inal 1481:Tankiz al-Husami 1473:na'ib as-saltana 1427:Baibars al-Ala'i 1389:al-Adil Kitbugha 1358:Mamlakat Ghazzah 1311:az-Zahir Baybars 1189:beautiful mosque 1022:Byzantine Empire 1016:, following the 902:Zacharias Rhetor 831:Jewish community 797:Saint Porphyrius 785:Byzantine period 745:Palaestina Prima 626:Ethiopian eunuch 622:Christian gospel 527:Ptolemy IX Soter 366:Kingdom of Judah 207:Ancient Egyptian 174:Israel-Hamas war 111:Saint Porphyrius 10365: 10364: 10360: 10359: 10358: 10356: 10355: 10354: 10335: 10334: 10331: 10326: 10226: 10215: 10210: 10180: 10175: 10154: 10145:Sasanian Empire 10140:Seleucid Empire 10135:Parthian Empire 10085:Emesene Dynasty 10048: 9894:Israel (united) 9809:Aramaean states 9789: 9336:Akkadian Empire 9322: 9264: 9254: 9224: 9219: 9195: 9159: 9140:Christian Arabs 9102: 8997: 8965:Foreign affairs 8959: 8879: 8681: 8679: 8669: 8609: 8539: 8439: 8409: 8381: 8377:Judicial system 8332: 8316: 8293: 8281:Black September 8275: 8261:Second Intifada 8208: 8187:British Mandate 8148:Ayyubid Dynasty 8106: 8100: 8070: 8065: 8045: 8006:Samer Abu Daqqa 7881: 7846: 7775: 7730: 7687: 7666: 7608: 7602: 7531: 7525: 7466: 7457: 7445: 7433: 7421: 7409: 7395: 7351: 7330: 7316:Faiq al-Mabhouh 7296: 7290: 7263: 7224: 7150:Mahkamah Mosque 7110: 7089: 7080: 7041: 6980: 6791:Al-Jalla Street 6747: 6684: 6427: 6425: 6414: 6405: 6338:History of Gaza 6317: 6312: 6282: 6277: 6221: 6150: 6089: 6048: 6022: 6003:Mahkamah Mosque 5961: 5868: 5837: 5832: 5788: 5783: 5777: 5756: 5732: 5702: 5701: 5662: 5651: 5643:. Grove Press. 5597: 5576: 5557: 5530: 5528: 5496: 5454: 5433: 5409: 5407: 5405: 5372: 5348: 5337:Gaza: A History 5324: 5294: 5263: 5239: 5209: 5195: 5173: 5168: 5158: 5156: 5151: 5150: 5146: 5136: 5134: 5125: 5124: 5120: 5110: 5108: 5099: 5098: 5094: 5084: 5082: 5073: 5072: 5068: 5058: 5056: 5047: 5046: 5042: 5032: 5030: 5021: 5020: 5016: 5006: 5004: 4991: 4990: 4986: 4977: 4975: 4960: 4956: 4946: 4944: 4935: 4934: 4927: 4917: 4915: 4906: 4905: 4901: 4894: 4878: 4874: 4864: 4862: 4849: 4848: 4844: 4836: 4832: 4820: 4816: 4807: 4805: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4782: 4780: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4739: 4735: 4728: 4712: 4708: 4695: 4694: 4690: 4680: 4678: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4633: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4615: 4613: 4598: 4597: 4593: 4583: 4581: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4553: 4551: 4542: 4541: 4537: 4530: 4505: 4503: 4486: 4482: 4475: 4459: 4455: 4445: 4443: 4438:. 20 May 2001. 4428: 4427: 4423: 4415: 4411: 4401: 4399: 4384: 4380: 4373:Gaza: A History 4366: 4362: 4357: 4353: 4348: 4344: 4337:Wayback Machine 4328: 4324: 4312: 4308: 4301: 4293:. p. 323. 4283: 4279: 4274: 4270: 4260: 4258: 4251: 4235: 4231: 4223: 4219: 4209: 4207: 4198: 4197: 4193: 4188: 4181: 4158: 4151: 4141: 4139: 4129: 4122: 4114: 4112: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4091: 4087: 4079: 4075: 4070: 4059: 4054: 4050: 4045: 4041: 4036: 4029: 4024: 4020: 4015: 4011: 4006: 4002: 3997: 3993: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3975: 3970: 3966: 3961: 3952: 3947: 3936: 3931: 3924: 3919: 3915: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3897: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3879: 3874: 3870: 3865: 3861: 3856: 3852: 3844: 3840: 3835: 3808: 3803: 3799: 3794: 3790: 3785: 3781: 3776: 3769: 3762: 3746: 3742: 3737: 3726: 3721: 3717: 3709: 3705: 3699:Yaqut al-Hamawi 3697: 3693: 3688: 3684: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3654: 3650: 3642: 3638: 3633: 3629: 3617: 3613: 3608: 3604: 3599: 3595: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3552: 3544: 3540: 3535: 3531: 3526: 3519: 3514: 3497: 3492: 3485: 3479: 3465: 3461: 3456: 3452: 3436:(Lydda), Rafh ( 3424:), Kaisariyya ( 3408: 3404: 3399: 3395: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3365: 3361: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3331: 3327: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3284: 3276: 3274: 3261: 3252: 3247:Wayback Machine 3230: 3226: 3210: 3206: 3201: 3186: 3181: 3174: 3167: 3147: 3143: 3138: 3134: 3129: 3125: 3120: 3109: 3099: 3097: 3095: 3079: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3031: 3027: 3017: 3015: 3007: 3003: 3002: 2998: 2989: 2987: 2979: 2973: 2960: 2953: 2949: 2923:10.2307/4238700 2903: 2896: 2891: 2880: 2875: 2871: 2866: 2862: 2854: 2847: 2838: 2836: 2821: 2808: 2803: 2790: 2781: 2777: 2770: 2756: 2752: 2744: 2740: 2732: 2728: 2719: 2715: 2708: 2704: 2697: 2693: 2686: 2672: 2668: 2657: 2655: 2645: 2641: 2626: 2622: 2615: 2611: 2604: 2600: 2593: 2589: 2582: 2578: 2571: 2567: 2560: 2556: 2548: 2546: 2535: 2534: 2499: 2491: 2487: 2477: 2475: 2466: 2462: 2453: 2451: 2443: 2442: 2438: 2429: 2427: 2412: 2401: 2397: 2392: 2365: 2360: 2358: 2323: 2317: 2268:In 2023, Hamas 2231: 2219:Main articles: 2217: 2209:brief civil war 2176:shaded in blue. 2163:Second Intifada 2128: 2123: 2117: 2028: 2026:Israeli control 1971: 1965: 1911: 1909:British Mandate 1840:Edward Robinson 1797: 1744: 1572:Damascus Eyalet 1539: 1534: 1504:az-Zahir Barquq 1442:Sanjar al-Jawli 1350: 1287: 1281: 1262:Treaty of Ramla 1249:Miles of Plancy 1221:Knights Templar 1209:William of Tyre 1205: 1161: 1116: 1099: 1075: 1054: 1010:'Amr ibn al-'As 971: 966: 964:Rashidun period 961: 933: 890:Sinai Peninsula 886: 863:. The towns of 849: 833: 801:Mark the Deacon 792: 787: 774:diocese of Gaza 737:Roman provinces 714:Philip the Arab 706: 642: 606: 563:Herod the Great 559: 539: 495: 438: 433: 385: 362:United Monarchy 320: 296: 291: 255: 187: 182: 102:Herod the Great 65:around 730 BC. 63:Assyrian Empire 40:history of Gaza 23: 12: 11: 5: 10363: 10353: 10352: 10347: 10328: 10327: 10325: 10324: 10319: 10314: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10294: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10260: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10240: 10235: 10229: 10227: 10220: 10217: 10216: 10209: 10208: 10201: 10194: 10186: 10177: 10176: 10174: 10173: 10168: 10166:Amarna letters 10162: 10160: 10156: 10155: 10153: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10097: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10066:Roman Republic 10058: 10056: 10050: 10049: 10047: 10046: 10045: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10012: 10011: 10010: 10005: 10000: 9987: 9982: 9981: 9980: 9979: 9978: 9973: 9968: 9963: 9958: 9953: 9943: 9942: 9941: 9936: 9931: 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9160: 9158: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9136: 9135: 9130: 9119: 9117: 9108: 9104: 9103: 9101: 9100: 9095: 9094: 9093: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9043: 9038: 9033: 9028: 9023: 9018: 9013: 9007: 9005: 8999: 8998: 8996: 8995: 8990: 8985: 8980: 8975: 8969: 8967: 8961: 8960: 8958: 8957: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8887: 8885: 8881: 8880: 8878: 8877: 8876: 8875: 8865: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8819: 8818: 8808: 8807: 8806: 8801: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8751: 8750: 8749: 8737: 8732: 8731: 8730: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8690: 8684: 8682: 8674: 8671: 8670: 8668: 8667: 8661: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8638:Stock Exchange 8635: 8633:Communications 8630: 8625: 8619: 8617: 8611: 8610: 8608: 8607: 8602: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8576: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8555: 8549: 8547: 8541: 8540: 8538: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8511: 8510: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8460: 8449: 8447: 8441: 8440: 8438: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8421: 8419: 8415: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8408: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8395:Prime Minister 8391: 8389: 8383: 8382: 8380: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8357:Prime Minister 8353: 8351: 8342: 8338: 8337: 8334: 8333: 8331: 8330: 8324: 8322: 8318: 8317: 8315: 8314: 8309: 8307:Battle of Gaza 8303: 8301: 8295: 8294: 8292: 8291: 8285: 8283: 8277: 8276: 8274: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8256:First Intifada 8253: 8252: 8251: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8225: 8223: 8214: 8210: 8209: 8207: 8206: 8205: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8167:Modern history 8163: 8162: 8161: 8160: 8158:Ottoman Empire 8155: 8153:Mamluk Dynasty 8150: 8145: 8140: 8135: 8130: 8125: 8114: 8112: 8108: 8107: 8099: 8098: 8091: 8084: 8076: 8067: 8066: 8054: 8051: 8050: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8043: 8038: 8035: 8032: 8027: 8024: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8008: 8003: 8000: 7997: 7992: 7989: 7984: 7981: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7965: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7937: 7935:Shurrab family 7932: 7929: 7924: 7921: 7918: 7913: 7912: 7911: 7901: 7898: 7895: 7889: 7887: 7883: 7882: 7880: 7879: 7874: 7871: 7866: 7862: 7860: 7852: 7851: 7848: 7847: 7845: 7844: 7843: 7842: 7837: 7827: 7826: 7825: 7820: 7810: 7805: 7804: 7803: 7793: 7787: 7785: 7777: 7776: 7774: 7773: 7768: 7767: 7766: 7756: 7755: 7754: 7744: 7738: 7736: 7732: 7731: 7729: 7728: 7727: 7726: 7721: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7695: 7693: 7689: 7688: 7686: 7685: 7680: 7674: 7672: 7668: 7667: 7665: 7664: 7663: 7662: 7652: 7651: 7650: 7648:Rafah crossing 7640: 7639: 7638: 7633: 7623: 7618: 7612: 7610: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7600: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7555:Al Deira Hotel 7552: 7547: 7542: 7535: 7533: 7527: 7526: 7524: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7480: 7474: 7472: 7468: 7467: 7465: 7464: 7452: 7440: 7428: 7416: 7403: 7401: 7397: 7396: 7394: 7393: 7388: 7383: 7378: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7359: 7357: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7349: 7344: 7338: 7336: 7332: 7331: 7329: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7312: 7311: 7300: 7298: 7292: 7291: 7289: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7271: 7269: 7265: 7264: 7262: 7261: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7247: 7246: 7236: 7232: 7230: 7226: 7225: 7223: 7222: 7217: 7212: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7174: 7169: 7167:Sham'ah Mosque 7164: 7159: 7158: 7157: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7118: 7116: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7108: 7103: 7097: 7095: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7087: 7075: 7073:Gaza synagogue 7069: 7064: 7059: 7053: 7051: 7047: 7046: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6998: 6996: 6986: 6985: 6982: 6981: 6979: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6870: 6869: 6864: 6862:Zaytun Quarter 6854: 6849: 6844: 6837: 6830: 6829: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6773: 6765: 6763: 6753: 6752: 6749: 6748: 6746: 6745: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6698: 6696: 6686: 6685: 6683: 6682: 6681: 6680: 6675: 6673:Tall al-Turmus 6670: 6665: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6440: 6432: 6430: 6420: 6419: 6416: 6415: 6413: 6412: 6400: 6395: 6390: 6389: 6388: 6383: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6362: 6361: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6329: 6327: 6319: 6318: 6311: 6310: 6303: 6296: 6288: 6279: 6278: 6276: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6229: 6227: 6223: 6222: 6220: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6172:Al-Deira Hotel 6169: 6164: 6158: 6156: 6152: 6151: 6149: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6097: 6095: 6091: 6090: 6088: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6056: 6054: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6030: 6028: 6024: 6023: 6021: 6020: 6015: 6013:Sham'ah Mosque 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5969: 5967: 5963: 5962: 5960: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5903: 5902: 5897: 5895:Zaytun Quarter 5887: 5882: 5876: 5874: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5845: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5831: 5830: 5823: 5816: 5808: 5802: 5801: 5787: 5786:External links 5784: 5782: 5781: 5775: 5769:. SUNY Press. 5760: 5754: 5736: 5730: 5715: 5675:(1): 121–138. 5655: 5649: 5631: 5609: 5595: 5580: 5574: 5561: 5555: 5537: 5500: 5494: 5476: 5462:Le Strange, G. 5458: 5452: 5437: 5431: 5416: 5403: 5388: 5376: 5370: 5352: 5346: 5328: 5322: 5307: 5292: 5279: 5267: 5261: 5243: 5237: 5222: 5199: 5193: 5179:Abu-Lughod, J. 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5166: 5144: 5118: 5092: 5066: 5040: 5014: 4984: 4954: 4925: 4899: 4892: 4872: 4842: 4830: 4814: 4789: 4764: 4747:Anadolu Agency 4733: 4726: 4706: 4688: 4662: 4622: 4591: 4580:on 6 July 2007 4561: 4535: 4528: 4480: 4473: 4464:The Gaza Strip 4453: 4421: 4419:, p. 114. 4409: 4378: 4360: 4351: 4342: 4322: 4306: 4299: 4277: 4268: 4249: 4240:The Gaza Strip 4229: 4227:, p. 127. 4217: 4191: 4179: 4149: 4120: 4094: 4085: 4081:Mayors of Gaza 4073: 4057: 4048: 4039: 4027: 4018: 4009: 4000: 3991: 3982: 3973: 3964: 3950: 3934: 3922: 3913: 3904: 3895: 3886: 3877: 3868: 3859: 3850: 3838: 3806: 3797: 3788: 3779: 3767: 3760: 3740: 3724: 3715: 3703: 3691: 3682: 3668: 3648: 3636: 3627: 3611: 3602: 3593: 3579: 3559: 3550: 3538: 3529: 3517: 3495: 3483: 3477: 3459: 3450: 3402: 3393: 3379: 3359: 3345: 3325: 3311: 3291: 3282: 3250: 3224: 3204: 3184: 3172: 3165: 3141: 3132: 3123: 3107: 3093: 3073: 3064: 3048:978-0191608674 3047: 3025: 2996: 2958: 2947: 2894: 2878: 2869: 2860: 2858:, p. 522. 2845: 2806: 2788: 2775: 2768: 2750: 2738: 2726: 2713: 2702: 2691: 2684: 2666: 2639: 2620: 2609: 2598: 2587: 2576: 2565: 2554: 2497: 2495:, p. 193. 2485: 2460: 2436: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2364: 2361: 2327: 2316: 2313: 2274:total blockade 2216: 2213: 2127: 2124: 2116: 2113: 2109:First Intifada 2092:district. The 2078:First Intifada 2027: 2024: 1964: 1961: 1910: 1907: 1897:, leading the 1895:Edmund Allenby 1861:Abdul Hamid II 1796: 1793: 1743: 1740: 1623:Safavid Persia 1582:on the Sinai. 1543:Ottoman Empire 1538: 1535: 1533: 1532:Ottoman period 1530: 1528:neighborhood. 1488:bubonic plague 1406:to the north; 1349: 1346: 1280: 1277: 1204: 1201: 1160: 1157: 1115: 1114:Abbasid period 1112: 1098: 1097:Umayyad period 1095: 1074: 1071: 1053: 1050: 1008:under general 975:Greek-speaking 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 957: 951:from Gaul and 932: 929: 885: 882: 848: 845: 832: 829: 791: 788: 786: 783: 766:Constantine II 730:Maximinus Daia 708:The spread of 705: 702: 641: 638: 605: 602: 590:Arabia Petraea 558: 555: 543:Aulus Gabinius 538: 535: 494: 491: 437: 434: 432: 429: 384: 381: 319: 316: 295: 292: 290: 287: 283:Amarna letters 254: 251: 186: 183: 181: 178: 158:Mandatory rule 143:Ridwan dynasty 133:. Gaza was in 119:Amr ibn al-'As 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10362: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10342: 10340: 10333: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10310: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10300: 10298: 10295: 10292: 10288: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10236: 10234: 10231: 10230: 10224: 10218: 10214: 10207: 10202: 10200: 10195: 10193: 10188: 10187: 10184: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10163: 10161: 10157: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10075: 10071: 10067: 10063: 10060: 10059: 10057: 10055: 10054:Classical Age 10051: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10019: 10018: 10017: 10013: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9998: 9995: 9994: 9993: 9992: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9957: 9954: 9952: 9949: 9948: 9947: 9944: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9916: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9880: 9877: 9876: 9875: 9874: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9860: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9846: 9843: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9823: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9815:Aram-Damascus 9813: 9812: 9811: 9810: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9800: 9798: 9796: 9792: 9784: 9781: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9736: 9735: 9734: 9730: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9712: 9711: 9710: 9706: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9664: 9661: 9657: 9654: 9653: 9652: 9649: 9648: 9647: 9646: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9621: 9618: 9617: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9602: 9601: 9600: 9596: 9594: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9514: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9453: 9452: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9373:First Babylon 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9350: 9349: 9348: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9333: 9331: 9329: 9325: 9319: 9316: 9314: 9311: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9275: 9273: 9271: 9267: 9263: 9259: 9251: 9246: 9244: 9239: 9237: 9232: 9231: 9228: 9216: 9215: 9210: 9206: 9205: 9202: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9168: 9166: 9162: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9134: 9131: 9129: 9126: 9125: 9124: 9121: 9120: 9118: 9116: 9112: 9109: 9107:Ethnic groups 9105: 9099: 9096: 9092: 9089: 9088: 9087: 9086:United States 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9044: 9042: 9039: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9024: 9022: 9019: 9017: 9014: 9012: 9009: 9008: 9006: 9004: 9000: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8970: 8968: 8966: 8962: 8956: 8955: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8933: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8888: 8886: 8882: 8874: 8871: 8870: 8869: 8866: 8863: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8838:Personalities 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8817: 8814: 8813: 8812: 8809: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8779: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8759: 8755: 8752: 8748: 8747: 8743: 8742: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8729: 8726: 8725: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8703:Refugee camps 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8685: 8683: 8677: 8672: 8666: 8663: 8662: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8620: 8618: 8616: 8612: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8560: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8550: 8548: 8546: 8542: 8536: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8465: 8464: 8461: 8458: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8446: 8442: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8422: 8420: 8416: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8396: 8393: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8384: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8354: 8352: 8350: 8346: 8343: 8339: 8329: 8326: 8325: 8323: 8319: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8304: 8302: 8300: 8296: 8290: 8287: 8286: 8284: 8282: 8278: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8250: 8247: 8246: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8226: 8224: 8222: 8218: 8215: 8211: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8169: 8168: 8165: 8164: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8129: 8126: 8124: 8121: 8120: 8119: 8118:Early history 8116: 8115: 8113: 8109: 8104: 8097: 8092: 8090: 8085: 8083: 8078: 8077: 8074: 8064: 8063: 8052: 8042: 8041:Mohammad Bhar 8039: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7910: 7907: 7906: 7905: 7902: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7890: 7888: 7884: 7878: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7857: 7853: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7832: 7831: 7828: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7815: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7802: 7801:Doghmush clan 7799: 7798: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7788: 7786: 7782: 7778: 7772: 7769: 7765: 7762: 7761: 7760: 7757: 7753: 7750: 7749: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7742:Rachel Corrie 7740: 7739: 7737: 7733: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7696: 7694: 7690: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7675: 7673: 7669: 7661: 7658: 7657: 7656: 7653: 7649: 7646: 7645: 7644: 7641: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7631:Erez crossing 7629: 7628: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7605: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7537: 7536: 7534: 7528: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7475: 7473: 7469: 7461: 7456: 7453: 7449: 7444: 7441: 7437: 7432: 7429: 7425: 7420: 7417: 7413: 7408: 7405: 7404: 7402: 7398: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7368:UNWRA schools 7366: 7364: 7361: 7360: 7358: 7354: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7337: 7333: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7310: 7307: 7306: 7305: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7293: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7276: 7273: 7272: 7270: 7266: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7245: 7242: 7241: 7240: 7237: 7234: 7233: 7231: 7227: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7185:Aybaki Mosque 7183: 7181: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7156: 7153: 7152: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7125:Aybaki Mosque 7123: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7113: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7098: 7096: 7092: 7084: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7062:Qasr al-Basha 7060: 7058: 7055: 7054: 7052: 7048: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7022:Deir al-Balah 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6999: 6997: 6995: 6991: 6987: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6961:Deir al-Balah 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6941: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6909:Sheikh Radwan 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6894:al-Shati Camp 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6868: 6867:Daraj Quarter 6865: 6863: 6860: 6859: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6842: 6838: 6836: 6835: 6831: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6778: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6771: 6767: 6766: 6764: 6762: 6758: 6754: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6713:Deir al-Balah 6711: 6709: 6706: 6703: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6695: 6694:Refugee camps 6691: 6687: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6563:Iraq Suwaydan 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6453: 6449: 6446: 6445: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6438: 6434: 6433: 6431: 6429: 6421: 6409: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6391: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6381:Gaza District 6379: 6378: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6355: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6324: 6320: 6316: 6309: 6304: 6302: 6297: 6295: 6290: 6289: 6286: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6224: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6159: 6157: 6153: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6092: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6070:Qasr al-Basha 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6051: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6031: 6029: 6025: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5978:Aybaki Mosque 5976: 5974: 5971: 5970: 5968: 5964: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5932:Sheikh Radwan 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5922:al-Shati Camp 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5901: 5900:Daraj Quarter 5898: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5877: 5875: 5873:Neighborhoods 5871: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5854: 5850: 5847: 5846: 5844: 5840: 5836: 5829: 5824: 5822: 5817: 5815: 5810: 5809: 5806: 5799: 5794: 5790: 5789: 5778: 5776:0-7914-2915-6 5772: 5768: 5767: 5761: 5757: 5751: 5747: 5746: 5741: 5737: 5733: 5731:1-56656-557-X 5727: 5723: 5722: 5716: 5712: 5706: 5698: 5694: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5669: 5661: 5656: 5652: 5646: 5642: 5641: 5636: 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3166:0-19-504652-8 3162: 3158: 3157: 3152: 3145: 3136: 3127: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3096: 3094:9780812292237 3090: 3086: 3085: 3077: 3068: 3061: 3050: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3029: 3013: 3006: 3000: 2985: 2978: 2971: 2969: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2956: 2951: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2901: 2899: 2889: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2873: 2864: 2857: 2852: 2850: 2835:on 2011-09-07 2834: 2830: 2826: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2811: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2785: 2779: 2771: 2765: 2761: 2754: 2748:, p. 13. 2747: 2742: 2735: 2730: 2723: 2717: 2711: 2710:Zephaniah 2:4 2706: 2700: 2695: 2687: 2681: 2677: 2670: 2654: 2650: 2643: 2635: 2631: 2624: 2618: 2613: 2607: 2602: 2596: 2591: 2585: 2580: 2574: 2569: 2563: 2558: 2545:on 2012-07-28 2544: 2540: 2539: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2494: 2489: 2474:. p. 255 2473: 2472: 2464: 2450: 2449:www.arscan.fr 2446: 2440: 2426:on 2009-02-07 2425: 2421: 2417: 2410: 2408: 2406: 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1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1739: 1736: 1731: 1729: 1724: 1723: 1718: 1717:Turkish baths 1713: 1712:Mount Lebanon 1709: 1705: 1701: 1696: 1689: 1685: 1680: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1634:Qasr al-Basha 1630: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1583: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1550: 1548: 1547:Sunni Muslims 1544: 1529: 1527: 1524:built in the 1523: 1519: 1518: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1486:In 1348, the 1484: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1469: 1465: 1464: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1450:(college), a 1449: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1408:Deir al-Balah 1405: 1401: 1397: 1392: 1390: 1385: 1384:, and Ramla. 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1362:coastal plain 1359: 1355: 1345: 1343: 1339: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1315:defeated them 1312: 1308: 1304: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1279:Mamluk period 1276: 1274: 1270: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1239:force led by 1238: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1083:Bilad al-Sham 1080: 1079:Jund Filastin 1070: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1040:(head of the 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1006:Rashidun army 1002: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 956: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 928: 926: 922: 918: 914: 909: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 881: 878: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 844: 842: 838: 828: 826: 822: 818: 817:Aelia Eudocia 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 782: 781:intensified. 779: 775: 771: 770:episcopal see 767: 763: 758: 754: 753:Constantine I 750: 747:, one of the 746: 742: 738: 733: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 701: 699: 695: 691: 686: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 637: 635: 632:, and he was 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 601: 599: 595: 591: 586: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 554: 552: 551:Pompey Magnus 548: 544: 534: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 499:Mediterranean 490: 488: 484: 480: 476: 475:Greek culture 472: 468: 467: 462: 457: 453: 452:besieged Gaza 450: 442: 428: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 380: 378: 374: 371:The prophets 369: 367: 363: 359: 355: 350: 348: 343: 341: 337: 333: 329: 326:mentions the 325: 315: 313: 309: 305: 301: 286: 284: 280: 279:Tuthmosis III 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 250: 248: 244: 240: 236: 235:Tell al-Ajjul 232: 226: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 203:Tell as-Sakan 196: 195:Tell es-Sakan 191: 177: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 146: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 103: 99: 98:Pompey Magnus 95: 90: 88: 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 52: 49:Originally a 47: 45: 41: 34: 33:Francis Frith 29: 25: 21: 16: 10332: 10302:Saudi Arabia 10070:Roman Empire 10062:Ancient Rome 10014: 9989: 9871: 9807: 9775: 9731: 9707: 9643: 9597: 9449: 9345: 9288:Chagar Bazar 9212: 9123:Muslim Arabs 8952: 8930: 8848:Prostitution 8811:Human rights 8769:Demographics 8744: 8718:Architecture 8688:Palestinians 8590:Governorates 8138:Islamic Rule 8133:Roman Empire 8060: 8018: 7975: 7959: 7949: 7939: 7915: 7892: 7784:Demographics 7621:Port of Gaza 7268:Institutions 6946:Bani Suheila 6938: 6904:Sheikh Ijlin 6839: 6832: 6826:Wehda Street 6768: 6704:(Beach camp) 6628:al-Muharraqa 6573:al-Jaladiyya 6435: 6337: 6273:Wehda Street 5927:Sheikh Ijlin 5864:Port of Gaza 5848: 5765: 5744: 5720: 5705:cite journal 5672: 5666: 5639: 5621: 5613:Robinson, E. 5585: 5565: 5545: 5529:. Retrieved 5512: 5508: 5484: 5466: 5442: 5421: 5408:. Retrieved 5393: 5383: 5360: 5336: 5332:Filiu, J.-P. 5312: 5286:. ABC-CLIO. 5283: 5274: 5251: 5227: 5217: 5213: 5187:. ABC-CLIO. 5183: 5157:. Retrieved 5155:. 2010-10-20 5147: 5135:. Retrieved 5130: 5121: 5109:. Retrieved 5104: 5095: 5083:. Retrieved 5069: 5057:. Retrieved 5052: 5043: 5031:. Retrieved 5026: 5017: 5005:. Retrieved 4987: 4976:. Retrieved 4967: 4957: 4945:. Retrieved 4940: 4916:. Retrieved 4902: 4882: 4875: 4863:. Retrieved 4854: 4845: 4833: 4817: 4806:. Retrieved 4804:. 2009-01-18 4801: 4792: 4781:. Retrieved 4777: 4767: 4755:. Retrieved 4736: 4716: 4709: 4700: 4691: 4679:. Retrieved 4674: 4665: 4656: 4649:. Retrieved 4637: 4625: 4614:. Retrieved 4605:The Guardian 4603: 4594: 4582:. Retrieved 4578:the original 4564: 4552:. Retrieved 4547: 4538: 4515: 4504:. Retrieved 4493: 4483: 4463: 4456: 4444:. Retrieved 4433: 4424: 4412: 4402:December 27, 4400:. Retrieved 4394: 4381: 4372: 4363: 4354: 4345: 4325: 4320:29 July 2021 4309: 4286: 4280: 4271: 4259:. Retrieved 4239: 4232: 4220: 4210:26 September 4208:. Retrieved 4194: 4165: 4161: 4140:. Retrieved 4136: 4113:, retrieved 4109:the original 4103: 4097: 4088: 4076: 4051: 4042: 4021: 4012: 4003: 3994: 3985: 3976: 3967: 3916: 3907: 3898: 3889: 3880: 3871: 3862: 3853: 3841: 3800: 3791: 3782: 3750: 3743: 3718: 3706: 3694: 3685: 3673:. Retrieved 3658: 3651: 3644:al-Muqaddasi 3639: 3630: 3614: 3605: 3596: 3584:. Retrieved 3569: 3562: 3553: 3546:al-Muqaddasi 3541: 3532: 3468: 3462: 3453: 3416:), Nabulus ( 3410:al-Biladhuri 3405: 3396: 3384:. Retrieved 3369: 3362: 3350:. Retrieved 3335: 3328: 3316:. Retrieved 3301: 3294: 3285: 3275:, retrieved 3271:the original 3265: 3227: 3212: 3207: 3154: 3144: 3135: 3126: 3098:. Retrieved 3083: 3076: 3067: 3059: 3052:. Retrieved 3038: 3028: 3016:. Retrieved 3011: 2999: 2988:. Retrieved 2983: 2955:Acts 8:26–39 2950: 2942: 2914: 2910: 2872: 2863: 2837:. Retrieved 2833:the original 2828: 2783: 2778: 2759: 2753: 2741: 2736:, p. 9. 2729: 2721: 2720:Zev Vilnay, 2716: 2705: 2694: 2675: 2669: 2664:Section 4.2. 2658:20 September 2656:. Retrieved 2652: 2642: 2633: 2629: 2623: 2612: 2601: 2590: 2579: 2573:Judges 16:21 2568: 2557: 2547:, retrieved 2543:the original 2537: 2488: 2476:. Retrieved 2470: 2463: 2452:. Retrieved 2448: 2439: 2428:. Retrieved 2424:the original 2419: 2324: 2290: 2267: 2247: 2240: 2232: 2186: 2179: 2156: 2132:Oslo Accords 2129: 2106: 2083: 2063:Shlomo Gazit 2059:Ariel Sharon 2052: 2041: 2004: 1972: 1947: 1931: 1920: 1903:third battle 1884: 1865: 1855:orientalist 1845: 1837: 1826: 1808: 1755: 1752:Tuqan family 1745: 1732: 1720: 1703: 1700:Sidon Eyalet 1695:Husayn Pasha 1692: 1665:Fakhr ad-Din 1641: 1631: 1584: 1565: 1551: 1540: 1515: 1501: 1485: 1472: 1461: 1455: 1445: 1439: 1424: 1393: 1386: 1374:Hebron Hills 1357: 1351: 1335: 1323:Harod Valley 1300: 1266: 1225: 1206: 1185:al-Muqaddasi 1177:Seljuk Turks 1162: 1138: 1123: 1117: 1100: 1076: 1055: 1052:Islamisation 1020:between the 1003: 981:, including 972: 934: 917:Barsanuphius 910: 887: 850: 834: 793: 761: 734: 710:Christianity 707: 690:Roman colony 687: 643: 607: 587: 560: 547:Roman Empire 540: 537:Roman period 501:port of the 496: 464: 447: 386: 370: 351: 344: 324:Hebrew Bible 321: 308:Ramesses III 297: 267:Mesopotamian 256: 227: 200: 147: 107:Christianity 91: 48: 39: 37: 24: 15: 9835:Bit Bahiani 9620:Tell Hadidi 9091:Los Angeles 9036:El Salvador 8911:Photography 8901:Journalists 8816:LGBT rights 8799:Health care 8789:Handicrafts 8713:Archaeology 8628:Agriculture 8573:Southern WB 8568:Northern WB 8128:Philistines 7671:Environment 7532:and culture 7530:Recreation 7471:Health care 7458: [ 7446: [ 7434: [ 7422: [ 7410: [ 7081: [ 6956:Beit Lahiya 6951:Beit Hanoun 6924:Tel al-Hawa 6513:Dayr Sunayd 6458:Arab Suqrir 6406: [ 5942:Tel al-Hawa 5635:Sabbagh, K. 5541:Pringle, D. 5247:Doumani, B. 5220:(89): 1–44. 4943:. Aljazeera 4520:Pluto Press 4291:AuthorHouse 4225:Selby 2003a 4142:26 November 3846:Ibn Battuta 3711:Abu al-Fida 3442:Bayt Jibrin 3054:27 February 2856:Rigsby 1997 2746:Bassir 2017 2734:Bassir 2017 2617:2Kings 18:8 2595:1Kings 4:24 2584:2Samuel 8:1 2493:Grimal 1988 2044:Six-Day War 2000:Suez Crisis 1995:Arab League 1957:Australians 1932:During the 1807:, 1839, in 1781:French Army 1671:in today's 1638:Ahmad Pasha 1562:Bayt Jibrin 1554:Gaza Sanjak 1496:Ibn Battuta 1400:al-Dimashqi 1398:geographer 1307:Hulagu Khan 1295:Gold Market 1269:Abu al-Fida 1213:Baldwin III 1147:geographer 1136:after him. 1130:Sunni Islam 1032:succeeding 925:monasticism 647:Gordian III 332:Caphtorites 300:Philistines 294:Philistines 217:trade with 164:during the 141:-appointed 71:Hellenistic 59:Philistines 10339:Categories 10287:Gaza Strip 10022:Carchemish 10003:Nabataeans 9820:Aram Rehob 9588:Carchemish 9398:Third Mari 9378:Third Ebla 9328:Bronze Age 9283:Tell Halaf 9270:Copper Age 9186:Samaritans 8921:Television 8906:Newspapers 8828:Literature 8728:watermelon 8553:Gaza Strip 8341:Government 8123:Canaanites 7869:Ahmed Moor 7699:Gush Katif 7692:Occupation 7607:Transport 7599:Gaza Strip 7585:Roots Club 7538:Gaza City 7482:Gaza City: 7377:Gaza City: 7297:and courts 7235:Gaza City: 7176:elsewhere: 7121:Gaza City: 7094:Cemeteries 7032:Khan Yunis 7027:North Gaza 7017:North Gaza 7012:North Gaza 7007:Khan Yunis 6971:Khan Yunis 6914:Shuja'iyya 6816:Suq Street 6723:Khan Yunis 6493:Bayt Jirja 6488:Bayt Daras 6483:Bayt 'Affa 6426:Mandatory 6424:Places in 6357:see also: 6333:Gaza Strip 6315:Gaza Strip 6263:Suq Street 6207:Roots Club 6167:Bisan City 5937:Shuja'iyya 5740:Sharon, M. 5531:29 October 5410:18 January 5380:Grimal, N. 5356:Gil, Moshe 5277:. S.P.C.K. 5203:Bassir, H. 5007:3 November 4978:2023-11-11 4808:2010-06-05 4783:2009-01-03 4616:2016-12-11 4584:15 October 4512:Review of 4446:1 February 4261:23 January 4115:2009-01-19 3761:9004108335 3675:16 January 3623:Ibn Hauqal 3586:18 January 3420:), Amwas ( 3386:9 November 3277:2009-01-19 3100:9 November 2990:2008-01-23 2839:2009-01-30 2549:2009-02-16 2454:2024-06-07 2430:2009-02-16 2374:Gaza Strip 2319:See also: 2297:starvation 2282:evacuation 2119:See also: 1983:Gaza Strip 1967:See also: 1893:. General 1735:Musa Pasha 1688:Harry Fenn 1619:Diyarbakır 1587:jannissary 1526:Shuja'iyya 1494:traveller 1283:See also: 1273:Shuja'iyya 1243:at nearby 853:Madaba Map 841:King David 741:Diocletian 471:city-state 417:Cambyses I 358:King David 312:pentapolis 180:Bronze Age 89:in 96 BC. 87:Hasmoneans 38:The known 10291:West Bank 10283:Palestine 10115:Macedonia 10080:Commagene 10008:Qedarites 9946:Phoenicia 9914:Philistia 9830:Bit Agusi 9825:Bit-Adini 9667:Tall Bazi 9561:Phoenicia 9531:Jerusalem 9383:Ekallatum 9155:Metawalis 9071:Nicaragua 9011:Australia 8774:Education 8653:Transport 8623:Companies 8595:Landforms 8558:West Bank 8545:Geography 8525:Elections 8503:Third Way 8400:President 8362:President 8143:Crusaders 8103:Palestine 7678:Wadi Gaza 7609:and trade 7595:Gaza YMCA 7590:As-Sadaka 7565:Gaza Mall 7400:Libraries 7356:Education 6834:Gaza City 6770:Gaza City 6613:al-Khisas 6598:Karatiyya 6523:al-Faluja 6498:Bayt Tima 6428:Palestine 6217:Gaza YMCA 6212:As-Sadaka 6182:Gaza Mall 6162:Al-Bustan 5859:Education 5835:Gaza City 5697:146759349 5617:Smith, E. 5521:1715-5673 5358:(1997) . 5231:. 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