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Historiography of Japan

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models. However, a younger generation of Japanese scholars in the 1970s rejected modernization models because they obscured class conflict and the social dynamics of society. By the 1980s, Marxism was in disrepute after the fall of Soviet communism, and more complex versions of multi-dimensional modernization came to be used. This led to scholarly debates over gender roles, living standards, domestic economies, agricultural practices, educational programs, and demographic changes. The line of argument is that modernization was not a single simple trajectory toward social economic and political progress, but it also could have authoritarian and statist outcomes, and in some cases it was led by the militarists.
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By the 1960s, Japanese historians were divided between Marxists and Non-Marxists, but they generally agreed on emphasizing the process of modernization as the driving force in Japanese history after 1850. Non-Marxist historians in the United States were specially influential introducing modernization
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in industry, The Kōza argued the main goal was to end feudalism in terms of large landowners. As hard-line Communism weakened following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Marxist historians have increasingly turned away from an emphasis on blue-collar industrial workers and, influenced by French
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then in fashion among the nobility. In contrast to earlier chronicles, these texts take a more subjective approach, concentrating on narrative to attract the interest of the reader, and were written in Japanese rather than classical Chinese. They focus more on historical figures, in particular in
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were compiled by functionaries of the imperial administration and centred on the reigns and deeds of past emperors, seeking to legitimize their actions. The emergence of this type of publication became possible through the strengthening of centralized authority within a strong state.
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The Marxist historians divided in the 1920s and 1930s into two competing schools which debated the nature of Japanese capitalism between the old-line Socialist Rōnō and the more Stalinist and more influential Kōza schools. The Rōnō said the main goal was to nationalize finance and
1130:. The existence of these works is debated, though modern historians trace the first historical writings to the mid-7th century. The form is unknown, but they are likely to have copied Chinese chronicles with Korean influences due to their transmission through the kingdom of 5353: 7439: 2605:
A Marxist history of science emerged in the 1920s when Ogura Kinnosuke, the second president of the History of Science Society of Japan, criticized Japanese science as an imported product that was imitative and superficial, and lacking a social conscience.
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as its model and depicts the territory of Japan as extending historically to territorial claims as far back as the Korean kingdom of Baekje. Japan is presented as a sovereign country, and China is never mentioned. The writings focus on the
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begun in 819, but the project soon came to a stop due to the deaths of several of its coordinators. It was finally completed in 840, its 40 volumes chronicling the period 792 to 833. Biographies of the main figures of the
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of 1339 a Shinto one. The latter asserts Japan as a country chosen by the gods and thus superior to all others, which has left a lasting influence on Japanese historiography, politics, and nationalism.
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or six national histories which were written in the 9th century. The strategies for writing history changed over time. The earliest works were created by Imperial edict. In 1793, the
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An abandonment of Chinese inspiration and state support marks the historiographical writings of the period from the 9th to 16th centuries. A great number of historical tales called
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to tell a story through the lives of important characters. The emphasis is still is on the lives of court nobles in the capital. The first three appeared in the 12th century: the
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Bentley, John R. (2015). "The Birth and Flowering of Japanese Historiography: From Chronicles to Tales to Historical Interpretation". In Foot, Sarah; Robinson, Chase F. (eds.).
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each focus on a single imperial reign. Seeking still to get closer to Chinese models, they include references to natural disasters. They focus less on the court. The
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cover the period from 697 to 791. The final work stands out for its use of new sources, such as Buddhist temple registers or tax revenue reports. Like the
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Schneider, Axel; Tanaka, Stefan (2015). "The Transformation of History in China and Japan". In Macintyre, Stuart; Maiguashca, Juan; Pók, Attila (eds.).
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had the project revived, but it still remained in draft form. Edicts in 794 and 797 made it possible to complete the project. The forty volumes of the
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Sato, Masayuki (2015). "A Social History of Japanese Historical Writing". In Rabasa, José; Sato, Masayuki; Tortarolo, Edoardo; Woolf, Daniel (eds.).
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also describes certain aspects of Japanese society of the time, such as the conditions of the workers at construction sites in the capital
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which traces the nature of international exchanges between Japan, China, and Korea. The work reproduces many diplomatic documents.
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New forms of historical account flourished from the 11th to 16th centuries. They drew inspiration from court literature such as
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and were compiled with the support of the Japanese state. Five more works between 797 and 901 completed what had begun with the
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of 1159–1160. Where the former keeps to describing events, the second distills the principles of good governance, inspired by
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remained an important genre of historical narrative. The country underwent numerous periods of civil conflict, such as the
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Souyri, Pierre-François (2010). "L'histoire à l'époque Meiji : enjeux de domination, contrôle du passé, résistances".
3635: 1273:, state power weakened, and this sort of great chronicle was abandoned. Their form later served as inspiration during the 1005:
of Ludwig Riess in 1887 brought new analytical tools to the various Japanese schools of history. During the period of the
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of 720 served as a basis for similar works. Other historical chronicles were published over the following century: the
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Sébastien Conrad, "‘The Colonial Ties Are Liquidated’: Modernization Theory, Post-War Japan and the Global Cold War."
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in 764; the thirty draft volumes drew criticism for concentrating on anecdotal facts and ignoring some major events.
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Sheldon Garon, “Rethinking modernization and modernity in Japanese history: A focus on state-society relations,”
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has been overcome and imperial government has been restored. Therefore we wish that an office of historiography (
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Nagahara, Keiji; Yamamura, Kozo (Winter 1984). "Reflections on Recent Trends in Japanese Historiography".
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Two of these works aimed at a comprehensive retelling and interpretation of the history of Japan. The
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William Johnston, "Not quite an uroboros: Theory, power, and popular culture in early modern Japan."
3168: 1501:"warrior tales" were in a style meant to be recited by itinerant monks. The earliest of these is the 8327: 8205: 8115: 7461: 5813: 5294: 4836: 4665: 4317: 2491: 2425: 2408: 2360: 2238: 2193: 2088: 1868: 1830: 1704: 1692:, is also notable, as it shows correspondences between the Japanese calendar and three foreign ones. 1002: 810: 726: 721: 413: 108: 74: 6204: 2148: 891:
followed by 720. These two works formed the base of a history of the nation based in great part on
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Conrad, Sebastian (2015). "Japanese Historical Writing". In Schneider, Axel; Woolf, Daniel (eds.).
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were included at the time of their deaths for the first time. The three following books, the
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Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600–1945: The Age of the Gods and Emperor Jinmu
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Political Thought in Japanese Historical Writing: From Kojiki (712) to Tokushi Yoron (1712)
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had a great influence on Japan. These works were compiled following a decree in 681 from
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and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by
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Hirota, Isao (2006). "Grandes tendances de l'historiographie japonaise depuis Meiji".
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of Japan began in the seventh century. The most important of the early works are the
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formed part of the readings of the nobles of the time. The work of the Shinto priest
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Japanese historiography opened to Western influences at the end of the 18th century.
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sought to legitimize their power by having historical works of this type written.
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The International Commission for the History and Theory of Historiography (ICHTH)
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was intended essentially for use within the court and is written in a mixture of
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school, inspired by Shinto, returned in the 18th century, driven by the work of
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International handbook of historical studies: contemporary research and theory
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Diplomatic history first appeared in Japan in 1470 with the publication of
1597: 1522: 1489:"), appeared between 1368 and 1376. and covers Kyoto court life during the 1333: 1270: 1016: 986:. It opposed the Neo-Confucians by seeking to demonstrate the veracity of 798: 469: 3774: 2136: 1873: 1646:
The imperial court also produced numerous historical works. For example,
1441:. Using the image of the historical mirror used by the Chinese historian 1269:—the "six national histories". Beginning in the 11th century, in the mid- 560: 8245: 6527: 6169: 6145: 5515: 5503: 5425: 5001: 4814: 4618: 4354: 4302: 4277: 4260: 4199: 2645: 2203: 1809: 1558: 1383: 1189: 1183: 1074: 1049: 887: 514: 393: 150: 7417: 3804:
Encyclopedia of Japan: Japanese history and culture, from abacus to zori
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office of historiography was renamed the Historiographical Institute (
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of 1220 gave a Buddhist reading of the nation's history, and the
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to explain events. The most prominent of this sort of book, the
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The Routledge Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Political Thinkers
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of 1371 enjoyed widespread popularity. Other art forms such as
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The Past, Present and Future of History and Historical Sources,
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also differ from Chinese models by including a large number of
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is said to have written the first historical books, the
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of 720 looked to similar Chinese models, at a time when
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Professionalization and institutionalization of history
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The earliest work of Japanese history is attributed to
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Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo
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Diversification of forms at the end of the Middle Ages
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and the genealogy of the great families of the court.
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of 712 trace the first work of this type to 620, when
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Heroic theory of invention and scientific development
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were introduced in the 1920s and renewed in the post-
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Awareness in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe
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Historiography is a for ever immortal state ritual (
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and the early emperors, whose existence is doubted.
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1652—historical argument, neo-Confucian perspective
6946:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia 6804: 4586: 3191:Historiographical Institute, University of Tokyo, 3143: 3128: 3113: 3101: 2777:International Research Center for Japanese Studies 1318:and on a phonetic use of Chinese characters. The 956:schools became preeminent at the beginning of the 877:in 620 CE. The earliest extant work is the 7604: 3548:History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan 3035: 2698:1712—historical argument, rationalist perspective 2659:c. 1220—historical argument, Buddhist perspective 934:"four mirrors" of the 12th to 14th centuries and 8314: 3781: 3282:Georg G. Iggers, and Harold Talbot Parker, eds. 2850: 2532:established the Institute for Japanese Studies ( 1060:The earliest extant works aiming to present the 8170: 4413:Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought 3813: 2710: 1065: 1053:of 720, one of the earliest texts tracing the 878: 842: 7994:Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church 7864:Western European colonialism and colonization 6413: 3920: 3324:Japanese Historical Text Initiative (JHTI), 2817:), whose layout was based on Chinese models. 2499: 1391:Historical tales beginning in the 9th century 1225:to compile a national history; the resulting 818: 6324: 3187: 3185: 2680:1359—historical argument, Shinto perspective 6427: 2809:For example, the capital was set in 710 at 6420: 6406: 3927: 3913: 3313:Japanese Studies in the History of Science 3218:Japanese civilization in the modern world, 2506: 2492: 825: 811: 7049:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 3743: 3578:Japanese Civilization in the Modern World 3182: 1212: 8268:Historical geographic information system 5034: 3816:The Oxford History of Historical Writing 3676:The Oxford History of Historical Writing 3652: 3627: 3598:The Oxford History of Historical Writing 3525:The Oxford History of Historical Writing 3286:(Taylor & Francis, 1979) pp 253-276. 1421:, as it begins in 887 and completes the 1042: 3522: 3095: 3083: 3068: 3056: 3029: 3002: 2987: 2975: 2963: 2951: 2939: 2924: 2907: 2888: 2876: 1151:phonetic readings of Chinese characters 8315: 7908:English historical school of economics 5960:Historical Series of the Bank of Italy 4014: 3836: 3760: 3692: 3673: 3256:Robert Benewick; Philip Green (2002). 2668:13th century—an annotated version for 2583: 950:scrolls added to these written works. 899:religion. The works were inspired by 8224: 8169: 8104:Revisionist school of Islamic studies 7943:Historical reliability of the Gospels 7801: 7328: 6401: 6390: 5033: 4776: 4540: 4179: 4013: 3908: 3725: 1435:") were written following this first 1314:it is written in a language based on 1277:of the 17th–19th centuries, when the 1177:, it gives only a small place to the 1064:appeared in the 8th century CE. The 8296: 6391: 5921:More Irish than the Irish themselves 3659:. Wilfrid Laurier University Press. 3636:University of British Columbia Press 3595: 3568: 3545: 3152: 3137: 3122: 3107: 3044: 3014: 2861: 1563:During the Japanese Middle Ages the 1411:The earliest of these accounts, the 1181:, and Chinese writings (such as the 6991:Functionalism–intentionalism debate 4180: 2782:Japanese Historical Text Initiative 1531:, covers the conflicts between the 13: 8004:Hermeneutics of Vatican Council II 5948:Fourth Italian War of Independence 3934: 3620: 2544:which explained the importance of 1031:Beginnings through the Middle Ages 865:, who is said to have written the 14: 8339: 3859: 2609: 8295: 8286: 8285: 7802: 7302: 7301: 7143:Palestinian expulsion and flight 5655:5000-year civilization assertion 5231:Nadir of American race relations 3892: 3880: 3693:Furuya, Daisuke (January 2002). 3507:"Iki no Hakatoko" at pp. 379-380 2762:Bibliography of Japanese history 2568:of our ancestors be resumed .... 2564:) be established, that the good 1719: 1387:, marked the end of this style. 928:appeared, and works such as the 792: 119:Post-Japanese occupation history 39: 8132:Protestant Ethic and Capitalism 7006:Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust 6941:Soviets and the Warsaw Uprising 6748:Causes of the Armenian genocide 5057:Pyramid construction techniques 4624:Comparative historical research 4541: 4242:Library and information science 3784:The Journal of Japanese Studies 3499: 3482: 3465: 3448: 3427: 3412: 3395: 3380: 3363: 3348: 3333: 3318: 3302: 3289: 3276: 3249: 3236: 3223: 3198: 3158: 8144:Gunpowder and gun transmission 8094:Religionsgeschichtliche Schule 7903:Historical school of economics 7840:Nationalism in the Middle Ages 7278:Gunpowder and gun transmission 7152:Zionism as settler colonialism 6157:Limpieza de sangre controversy 5124:Metropolitan-hinterland thesis 3726:Gluck, Carol (November 1978). 3515: 2820: 2803: 1300:Fujiwara no Nakamaro Rebellion 1: 7953:Opposition to Papal supremacy 7329: 5141:Indigenous population history 3763:Histoire, Économie et Société 3195:; retrieved February 1, 2013. 2844: 2832:Records of the Three Kingdoms 1369:Nihon Montoku Tennō Jitsuroku 1354:Nihon Montoku Tennō Jitsuroku 1290:, the first successor to the 1250:Nihon Montoku Tennō Jitsuroku 1169:departs from the form of the 964:, but did not contradict the 7869:Desacralization of knowledge 6140:Carlism in the Francoist era 6108:Holodomor in modern politics 4777: 3732:The Journal of Asian Studies 3433:Historigraphical Institute ( 2711:Partially or completely lost 913:("six national histories"). 895:, in particular that of the 7: 8261:Historiographic metafiction 8225: 8171:Organizations, publications 7960:Proto-orthodox Christianity 6910:German resistance to Nazism 6766:Persian famine of 1917–1919 6176:Islamic revolution of Spain 6103:Holodomor genocide question 5979:Revisionism of Risorgimento 5973:Rerum italicarum scriptores 5954:Historiae Patriae Monumenta 5721:Self-Strengthening Movement 4871:decolonization of knowledge 2829:" mentioned in the Chinese 2755: 2518:The process of compiling a 1336:had the compilation of the 1066: 1036:Earliest chronicles to the 907:; the six are known as the 879: 849: 10: 8344: 8058:Wissenschaft des Judentums 8035:Criticism of Protestantism 6915:Nazi foreign policy debate 6346:Second colonial occupation 6093:Soviet famine of 1930–1933 5731:Tibetan sovereignty debate 5275:Progressive-era historians 4710:Nationalization of history 4661:Historical-critical method 3653:Brownlee, John S. (1991). 3628:Brownlee, John S. (1999). 2613: 1695: 1445:in 2nd century, and use a 8280: 8231: 8220: 8176: 8165: 8114: 7918: 7877: 7808: 7797: 7653: 7339: 7335: 7324: 7296: 7265: 7229: 7123: 7077: 7063:Second Sino-Japanese War 7041: 6971: 6923: 6885: 6845: 6721: 6543: 6462: 6438: 6397: 6386: 6362: 6260: 6227: 6118: 6042: 5999: 5940: 5905: 5877: 5868:Vergangenheitsbewältigung 5812: 5739: 5645: 5573: 5287: 5216: 5149: 5111: 5044: 5040: 5029: 4854: 4787: 4783: 4772: 4549: 4536: 4363: 4230: 4192: 4188: 4175: 4052: 4026: 4022: 4009: 3942: 3315:(1972), Vol. 11, pp 1–10. 2629: 2059:Invasion of Taiwan (1895) 2034:Invasion of Taiwan (1874) 1517:followed, describing the 843: 7818:Crisis of historiography 6981:Auschwitz bombing debate 6667:Indian Rebellion of 1857 6518:Late Bronze Age collapse 6452:List of military museums 6055:Pre-Revolutionary Russia 6027:Polish People's Republic 5862:Sybel-Ficker controversy 5226:African-American history 5199:Colonial Spanish America 4988:Second Thirty Years' War 3437:), University of Tokyo, 3231:Journal of Asian Studies 3204:Mehl, Margaret. (2002). 3165:Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric 2797: 2271:Great Hanshin earthquake 2189:Second Sino-Japanese War 1019:period with the work of 8323:Historiography of Japan 6931:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 6790:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 6341:Porter–MacKenzie debate 6098:Causes of the Holodomor 5635:Problem of two emperors 5583:Catilinarian conspiracy 4810:Historical significance 4671:Indiscipline of history 4646:Historical anthropology 3851:10.3406/ebisu.2010.1777 3820:Oxford University Press 3602:Oxford University Press 3569:Mehl, Margaret (2000). 3546:Mehl, Margaret (1998). 3529:Oxford University Press 3233:(1994) 53#2 pp 346-366. 2117:Intervention in Siberia 2044:First Sino-Japanese War 1665:Origins of Court Ritual 1507:, which deals with the 1479:", 1195). The fourth, 1343:Imperial Court in Kyoto 1179:creation myths of Japan 1160:Imperial House of Japan 839:historiography of Japan 84:Science, and Technology 8025:Protestant Reformation 7999:Second Vatican Council 7977:Succession to Muhammad 7972:Criticism of the Quran 7723:Religious perspectives 7457:Klemens von Metternich 7054:"Battle for Australia" 6936:Soviet offensive plans 6905:Broad vs. narrow front 6744:Late Ottoman genocides 5677:Century of humiliation 5458:Goguryeo controversies 5436:2,500-year celebration 5094:Double genocide theory 4881:Historical negationism 4705:Ancestral civilisation 4693:Historical materialism 4651:Historical determinism 4601:History of mentalities 3246:216.1 (2012): 181-214. 3212:p. 227; Umesao, Tadao 2835:been is identified as 2767:Chinese historiography 2745:Iki no Hakatoko no Sho 2570: 2446:Science and technology 2199:Attack on Pearl Harbor 2122:Great Kantō earthquake 2064:Colonization of Taiwan 1991:Convention of Kanagawa 1831:Former Nine Years' War 1774:1000 BC – 300 AD 1760:14,000 – 1000 BC 1684:, evidencing that the 1680:, a commentary on the 1577:Azuchi–Momoyama period 1423:Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku 1360:Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku 1256:Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku 1223:Ministry of the Centre 1213:Six national histories 1057: 976:school. The nativist 901:Chinese historiography 218:Japanese Sign Language 8149:Torsion mangonel myth 8052:Modern Jewish history 8047:Jesuit historiography 8040:Protestant work ethic 8020:Hesychast controversy 7885:Industrial Revolution 7835:Library of Alexandria 7753:The Lord of the Rings 7403:Constantine the Great 7283:Torsion mangonel myth 7215:Sri Lankan Civil War 6294:Storm over the gentry 6195:Colonies or Provinces 5726:Sprouts of capitalism 4800:Historic preservation 4795:Change and continuity 3808:online free to borrow 3775:10.3406/hes.2006.2589 3424:; retrieved 2013-2-1. 3392:; retrieved 2013-2-1. 3360:; retrieved 2013-2-1. 3345:; retrieved 2013-2-1. 3330:; retrieved 2013-2-1. 3299:54.3 (2015): 441-454. 2792:Philosophy of history 2550: 2164:Invasion of Manchuria 2089:Colonization of Korea 2049:Treaty of Shimonoseki 1788:300 AD – 538 AD 1046: 1003:German historiography 937:The Tale of the Heike 922:and war tales called 493:Pottery and porcelain 8236:Commemorative plaque 7452:Juan Manuel de Rosas 6900:"Blitzkrieg" concept 6771:Powder keg of Europe 6646:Franco-Prussian War 6316:Winter of Discontent 6299:Suffragette Campaign 5966:Italiani brava gente 5932:Revolutionary period 5754:Frankish Interregnum 5687:"Chineseness" debate 5620:Byzantine succession 5605:Fall of Western Rome 5546:Executed Renaissance 5035:By country or region 4979:Age of Enlightenment 4953:Vaticinium ex eventu 4900:Modernisation theory 4734:Quantitative history 4110:Historical documents 3822:. pp. 491–519. 3445:; retrieved 2013-2-1 3405:Nihon-ō dai ichi ran 2620:adding missing items 2598:historical theorist 2456:World Heritage Sites 2174:February 26 incident 2079:Treaty of Portsmouth 1940:Battle of Sekigahara 1836:Later Three-Year War 1296:Fujiwara no Nakamaro 990:, especially of the 707:World Heritage Sites 655:Association football 613:Mobile phone culture 8065:Schools of thought 8030:Proto-Protestantism 7899:School of Thoughts 7781:William Shakespeare 7766:Robert Falcon Scott 7671:Friedrich Nietzsche 7509:Cult of personality 7494:Neville Chamberlain 7354:Alexander the Great 7236:Russo-Georgian War 7209:Sovereignty dispute 7188:Iranian Revolution 7018:"Polish death camp" 6995:In relation to the 6704:Myth of English aid 6695:War of the Pacific 6472:Albigensian Crusade 5897:Indigenous Aryanism 5593:Constantinian shift 5129:Residential schools 4886:Historian's fallacy 4805:Historic recurrence 4303:Numismatics (Money) 4075:Archaeological site 3999:theories of history 3604:. pp. 80–102. 3262:. pp. 245–46. 2584:Interpretive models 2540:issued an Imperial 2286:Imperial transition 2224:Occupation of Japan 2214:Soviet–Japanese War 2179:Anti-Comintern Pact 2054:Triple Intervention 1294:began about 760 by 1286:The writing of the 1110:The authors of the 722:Cultural Properties 717:Cultural Landscapes 320:Legendary creatures 70:Historical currency 8256:Historical realism 8251:Historical fiction 8196:History institutes 8186:Historical society 8181:Heritage registers 8069:Biblical criticism 7982:Islamic golden age 7933:Early Christianity 7813:Bears in antiquity 7701:Medieval Christian 7499:Pedro II of Brazil 7447:José de San Martín 7251:Syrian revolution 7163:Malayan Emergency 7138:1948 Palestine war 6871:Spanish Civil War 6821:War guilt question 6630:American Civil War 6610:Invasion of Russia 6586:New Russian School 6370:Colonial Australia 6086:October Revolution 5849:Strukturgeschichte 5785:Location of Alésia 5704:Hua–Yi distinction 5625:Moscow, third Rome 5241:Reconstruction era 5062:Black Egypt Thesis 4984:European Civil War 4940:Translatio imperii 4895:Invented tradition 4016:Historical sources 3802:Perkins, Dorothy. 3552:Palgrave Macmillan 3531:. pp. 58–79. 3297:History and Theory 3244:Past & Present 3177:Japan Encyclopedia 2685:Nihon Ōdai Ichiran 2530:Tokugawa shogunate 2346:Capital punishment 2322:2019–present 2244:Asset price bubble 2219:Surrender of Japan 2084:Japan–Korea Treaty 2074:Russo-Japanese War 2029:Ryūkyū Disposition 1971:Invasion of Ryukyu 1966:Tokugawa shogunate 1902:Nanboku-chō period 1608:Toyotomi Hideyoshi 1469:", 1170), and the 1378:rekishi monogatari 1259:in 901. With the 1058: 919:rekishi monogatari 893:Japanese mythology 727:National Treasures 414:Cultural festivals 8310: 8309: 8276: 8275: 8216: 8215: 8161: 8160: 8157: 8156: 8074:Catholic theology 7928:Avestan geography 7793: 7792: 7789: 7788: 7776:Søren Kierkegaard 7649: 7648: 7560:Warren G. Harding 7320: 7319: 7316: 7315: 7119: 7118: 6997:Armenian genocide 6860:Polish–Soviet War 6855:Burning of Smyrna 6841: 6840: 6831:Reichstag inquiry 6754:Patriotic consent 6625: 6624: 6600:War in the Vendée 6564:French Revolution 6546:century conflicts 6535:Peloponnesian War 6496:Eighty Years' War 6382: 6381: 6378: 6377: 6358: 6357: 6354: 6353: 6287:Westminster Stone 5984:Southern question 5823:Alltagsgeschichte 5773:Legendary Saracen 5475:Early settlements 5283: 5282: 5263:Political history 5248:Consensus history 5025: 5024: 5021: 5020: 5017: 5016: 5007:Continuity thesis 4946:Translatio studii 4832:Theory of history 4768: 4767: 4764: 4763: 4722:Subaltern Studies 4607:Nouvelle histoire 4532: 4531: 4528: 4527: 4444:Medieval churches 4431:Geistesgeschichte 4375:Paleoanthropology 4283:Encyclopaedistics 4171: 4170: 4167: 4166: 4039:Secondary sources 2826:The "Queen of Wa 2516: 2515: 2381:Foreign relations 2326: 2325: 2314:Abe assassination 2309:COVID-19 pandemic 2281:Tōhoku earthquake 2039:Satsuma Rebellion 2001:Meiji Restoration 1879:Kenmu Restoration 1670:Nihon Shoki Sanso 1575:(1467–1603), and 1408:"warrior tales". 1398:The Tale of Genji 1365:Shoku Nihon Shoki 1316:classical Chinese 1221:commissioned the 1195:Mandate of Heaven 1147:Classical Chinese 1017:World War II 966:Mandate of Heaven 835: 834: 675:American football 419:Japanese New Year 399:Buddha's Birthday 389:Coming of Age Day 156:Ōbeikei Islanders 99:Foreign relations 8335: 8328:Japanese studies 8299: 8298: 8289: 8288: 8241:Documentary film 8222: 8221: 8201:History journals 8167: 8166: 8140: 8012: 7948:Primacy of Peter 7895:Great Depression 7875: 7874: 7848: 7826: 7799: 7798: 7747:J. R. R. Tolkien 7602: 7601: 7597: 7585: 7573: 7555:Ulysses S. Grant 7550:Thomas Jefferson 7541: 7517: 7480: 7443: 7431: 7399: 7387: 7379:Chiang Ching-kuo 7369:Cato the Younger 7359:Amin al-Husseini 7337: 7336: 7326: 7325: 7305: 7304: 7288:War and genocide 7112: 7098:Résistancialisme 7085:Battle of France 7067:Nanjing Massacre 6921: 6920: 6802: 6801: 6798: 6762: 6712: 6594: 6577: 6550: 6549: 6477:Catharism debate 6463:pre-18th century 6445:Military history 6422: 6415: 6408: 6399: 6398: 6392:By war, conflict 6388: 6387: 6336:Cambridge School 6322: 6321: 6220: 6208: 6184: 6165: 6075: 6063: 6035: 5857: 5835:Historikerstreit 5805: 5793: 5781: 5762: 5748:Cordon sanitaire 5694:New Qing History 5682:Conquest dynasty 5673: 5588:Christianization 5571: 5570: 5490: 5403: 5391: 5379: 5357: 5345: 5337:Byzantine Empire 5192:Iquicha Royalism 5181: 5147: 5146: 5070: 5042: 5041: 5031: 5030: 4974:Age of Discovery 4963:Periodization of 4960: 4959: 4934:Transhistoricity 4929:Thirty-year rule 4840: 4828: 4785: 4784: 4774: 4773: 4754:Great Man theory 4717:People's history 4679: 4584: 4583: 4576:Three-age system 4538: 4537: 4238:Archival science 4190: 4189: 4177: 4176: 4044:Tertiary sources 4024: 4023: 4011: 4010: 3960:by area of study 3929: 3922: 3915: 3906: 3905: 3897: 3896: 3895: 3885: 3884: 3883: 3876: 3854: 3833: 3799: 3778: 3757: 3747: 3722: 3720: 3719: 3689: 3670: 3649: 3615: 3592: 3590: 3589: 3575: 3565: 3542: 3510: 3503: 3497: 3486: 3480: 3469: 3463: 3452: 3446: 3441:Dai Nihon Shiryo 3435:Shiryō hensan-jo 3431: 3425: 3416: 3410: 3399: 3393: 3384: 3378: 3367: 3361: 3352: 3346: 3337: 3331: 3322: 3316: 3309:Shigeru Nakayama 3306: 3300: 3293: 3287: 3280: 3274: 3273: 3253: 3247: 3240: 3234: 3227: 3221: 3202: 3196: 3189: 3180: 3162: 3156: 3150: 3141: 3135: 3126: 3120: 3111: 3105: 3099: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3072: 3066: 3060: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3033: 3027: 3018: 3012: 3006: 3000: 2991: 2985: 2979: 2973: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2928: 2922: 2911: 2905: 2892: 2886: 2880: 2874: 2865: 2859: 2839: 2824: 2818: 2807: 2703:Dai Nihon Shiryō 2624:reliable sources 2578:Shiryo Hensan-jo 2508: 2501: 2494: 2338: 2239:Economic miracle 2154:Nanking incident 2149:Financial crisis 1986:Perry Expedition 1960: 1869:Mongol invasions 1748:before 14,000 BC 1738: 1737: 1733: 1723: 1713:History of Japan 1700: 1699: 1690:Yoshida Kanetomo 1679: 1662: 1642: 1629: 1591: 1565:gunki monogatari 1528:Heike Monogatari 1523:Confucian theory 1514:Heiji Monogatari 1504:Hōgen Monogatari 1498:Gunki monogatari 1487:The Clear Mirror 1477:The Water Mirror 1457:The Great Mirror 1405:gunki monogatari 1348:Shoku Nihon Kōki 1263:, they form the 1253:in 871, and the 1244:Shoku Nihon Kōki 1136:Korean Peninsula 1071: 1062:History of Japan 1055:history of Japan 988:Shinto mythology 984:Motoori Norinaga 925:gunki monogatari 884: 856:history of Japan 852: 850:Nihon shigakushi 846: 845: 827: 820: 813: 799:Japan portal 797: 796: 795: 146:Zainichi Koreans 109:Military history 94:Imperial history 75:Economic history 43: 34: 32:Culture of Japan 18: 17: 8343: 8342: 8338: 8337: 8336: 8334: 8333: 8332: 8313: 8312: 8311: 8306: 8305: 8272: 8227: 8212: 8172: 8153: 8136: 8119: 8110: 8006: 7914: 7890:Great Recession 7873: 7844: 7820: 7804: 7785: 7676:H. P. Lovecraft 7645: 7607: 7600: 7591: 7579: 7567: 7535: 7511: 7484:Muammar Gaddafi 7474: 7462:Leonid Brezhnev 7437: 7425: 7408:Gregory Palamas 7393: 7391:Chiang Kai Shek 7381: 7341: 7331: 7312: 7311: 7292: 7273:Conflict thesis 7261: 7225: 7115: 7106: 7073: 7037: 6967: 6919: 6881: 6847:Interwar period 6837: 6807: 6800: 6792: 6776:Schlieffen Plan 6756: 6717: 6706: 6621: 6588: 6571: 6556: 6545: 6539: 6523:Dorian invasion 6508:Fall of Babylon 6464: 6458: 6457: 6434: 6426: 6393: 6374: 6350: 6327: 6320: 6282:Kingdom of Alba 6263: 6256: 6223: 6214: 6202: 6200:Spanish decline 6178: 6159: 6114: 6069: 6057: 6038: 6029: 5995: 5936: 5901: 5887:Greater Magadha 5873: 5851: 5808: 5799: 5787: 5775: 5756: 5735: 5709:Four Barbarians 5667: 5641: 5569: 5526:Götaland theory 5494:Lusotropicalism 5484: 5465:North Macedonia 5397: 5385: 5373: 5351: 5339: 5279: 5258:Frontier thesis 5253:Cyclical theory 5236:Neoabolitionism 5212: 5175: 5145: 5107: 5084:Greater Morocco 5064: 5036: 5013: 4964: 4958: 4850: 4834: 4822: 4779: 4760: 4673: 4588: 4582: 4564:Historical eras 4545: 4524: 4359: 4256:Writing systems 4226: 4184: 4182:Fields of study 4163: 4157:Service records 4142:Religious texts 4048: 4034:Primary sources 4018: 4005: 4004: 3938: 3933: 3903: 3893: 3891: 3881: 3879: 3871: 3862: 3857: 3830: 3818:. 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2069:Boxer Rebellion 2014:1603–1868 2011: 2010: 1958: 1948:1573–1603 1945: 1944: 1923:Azuchi–Momoyama 1915:1336–1573 1912: 1911: 1887:1185–1333 1884: 1883: 1846: 1845: 1816:710 – 794 1813: 1802:538 – 710 1799: 1785: 1771: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1698: 1673: 1656: 1636: 1633:Zenrin Kokuhōki 1623: 1585: 1561: 1519:Heiji Rebellion 1509:Hōgen Rebellion 1491:Kamakura period 1414:Eiga Monogatari 1393: 1215: 1080:Chinese culture 1072:of 712 and the 1041: 1033: 1007:Empire of Japan 992:Age of the Gods 831: 793: 791: 784: 783: 774: 773: 764: 763: 759:National anthem 744: 743: 732: 731: 702: 701: 690: 689: 640: 639: 628: 627: 583: 582: 571: 570: 546: 545: 543:performing arts 530: 529: 510: 509: 498: 497: 473: 472: 461: 460: 436: 435: 424: 423: 379: 378: 367: 366: 347: 346: 335: 334: 310: 309: 294: 293: 235: 234: 223: 222: 183: 182: 171: 170: 136: 135: 124: 123: 55: 54: 30: 12: 11: 5: 8341: 8331: 8330: 8325: 8308: 8307: 8304: 8303: 8293: 8282: 8281: 8278: 8277: 8274: 8273: 8271: 8270: 8265: 8264: 8263: 8258: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8232: 8229: 8228: 8218: 8217: 8214: 8213: 8211: 8210: 8209: 8208: 8198: 8193: 8183: 8177: 8174: 8173: 8163: 8162: 8159: 8158: 8155: 8154: 8152: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8134: 8129: 8123: 8121: 8112: 8111: 8109: 8108: 8107: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8063: 8062: 8061: 8049: 8044: 8043: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8022: 8017: 8016: 8015: 8014: 8013: 7991: 7990: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7964: 7963: 7962: 7957: 7956: 7955: 7945: 7940: 7930: 7924: 7922: 7916: 7915: 7913: 7912: 7911: 7910: 7905: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7881: 7879: 7872: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7854: 7849: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7815: 7809: 7806: 7805: 7795: 7794: 7791: 7790: 7787: 7786: 7784: 7783: 7778: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7758: 7757: 7756: 7744: 7743: 7742: 7741: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7720: 7715: 7705: 7704: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7666:Charles Darwin 7663: 7657: 7655: 7651: 7650: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7643: 7638: 7636:United Kingdom 7633: 7628: 7626:Modern Germany 7623: 7618: 7612: 7610: 7599: 7598: 7586: 7574: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7545:Thomas Aquinas 7542: 7530: 7525: 7524: 7523: 7518: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7432: 7420: 7415: 7413:Horatio Nelson 7410: 7405: 7400: 7388: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7345: 7343: 7333: 7332: 7322: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7314: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7298: 7297: 7294: 7293: 7291: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7269: 7267: 7263: 7262: 7260: 7259: 7258: 7257: 7249: 7248: 7247: 7245:Responsibility 7242: 7233: 7231: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7223: 7222: 7221: 7213: 7212: 7211: 7201: 7196: 7195: 7194: 7186: 7185: 7184: 7176: 7171: 7170: 7169: 7161: 7160: 7159: 7157:New Historians 7154: 7149: 7135: 7129: 7127: 7121: 7120: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7113: 7101: 7094: 7087: 7081: 7079: 7075: 7074: 7072: 7071: 7070: 7069: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7045: 7043: 7039: 7038: 7036: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7023:Responsibility 7020: 7015: 7014: 7013: 7003: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6977: 6975: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6964: 6963: 6958: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6927: 6925: 6918: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6891: 6889: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6879: 6878: 6877: 6869: 6868: 6867: 6857: 6851: 6849: 6843: 6842: 6839: 6838: 6836: 6835: 6834: 6833: 6828: 6818: 6812: 6810: 6799: 6787: 6781:Spirit of 1914 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6751: 6741: 6738:Fischer thesis 6727: 6725: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6715: 6714: 6713: 6701: 6693: 6692: 6691: 6681: 6679:Paraguayan War 6676: 6675: 6674: 6664: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6652: 6644: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6626: 6623: 6622: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6617: 6612: 6605:Napoleonic era 6602: 6597: 6596: 6595: 6583: 6578: 6569:Pre-revolution 6560: 6558: 6554:Coalition Wars 6547: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6531: 6530: 6525: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6504: 6503: 6493: 6492: 6491: 6481: 6480: 6479: 6468: 6466: 6460: 6459: 6456: 6455: 6448: 6440: 6439: 6436: 6435: 6432:historiography 6425: 6424: 6417: 6410: 6402: 6395: 6394: 6384: 6383: 6380: 6379: 6376: 6375: 6373: 6372: 6366: 6364: 6360: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6332: 6330: 6319: 6318: 6313: 6312: 6311: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6290: 6289: 6284: 6274: 6268: 6266: 6258: 6257: 6255: 6254: 6253: 6252: 6250:Decline thesis 6247: 6240:Ottoman Empire 6237: 6231: 6229: 6225: 6224: 6222: 6221: 6209: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6186: 6185: 6166: 6154: 6149: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6122: 6120: 6116: 6115: 6113: 6112: 6111: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6090: 6089: 6088: 6078: 6077: 6076: 6067:Skeptic School 6052: 6050:Anti-Normanism 6046: 6044: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6036: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6007:Golden Liberty 6003: 6001: 5997: 5996: 5994: 5993: 5992: 5991: 5989:Neo-Bourbonism 5981: 5976: 5969: 5962: 5957: 5950: 5944: 5942: 5938: 5937: 5935: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5917: 5911: 5909: 5903: 5902: 5900: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5883: 5881: 5875: 5874: 5872: 5871: 5864: 5859: 5845: 5838: 5831: 5829:Borussian myth 5826: 5818: 5816: 5810: 5809: 5807: 5806: 5794: 5782: 5770: 5763: 5751: 5743: 5741: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5717: 5716: 5711: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5690: 5689: 5679: 5674: 5662: 5657: 5651: 5649: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5639: 5638: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5596: 5595: 5585: 5579: 5577: 5568: 5567: 5566: 5565: 5560: 5550: 5549: 5548: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5529: 5528: 5520: 5519: 5518: 5508: 5507: 5506: 5498: 5497: 5496: 5479: 5478: 5477: 5467: 5462: 5461: 5460: 5455: 5445: 5440: 5439: 5438: 5430: 5429: 5428: 5418: 5417: 5416: 5406: 5405: 5404: 5392: 5380: 5365: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5334: 5329: 5328: 5327: 5319: 5314: 5313: 5312: 5304: 5303: 5302: 5300:Dealbanisation 5291: 5289: 5285: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5278: 5277: 5272: 5271: 5270: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5244: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5222: 5220: 5214: 5213: 5211: 5210: 5209: 5208: 5196: 5195: 5194: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5170: 5164:May Revolution 5155: 5153: 5144: 5143: 5138: 5137: 5136: 5134:Staples thesis 5131: 5126: 5115: 5113: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5105: 5098: 5097: 5096: 5088: 5087: 5086: 5078: 5073: 5072: 5071: 5059: 5050: 5048: 5038: 5037: 5027: 5026: 5023: 5022: 5019: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5011: 5010: 5009: 4999: 4990: 4981: 4976: 4970: 4968: 4966:modern history 4957: 4956: 4949: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4925: 4924: 4912: 4910:Paradigm shift 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4864: 4858: 4856: 4852: 4851: 4849: 4848: 4843: 4842: 4841: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4791: 4789: 4781: 4780: 4770: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4758: 4757: 4756: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4725: 4724: 4714: 4713: 4712: 4707: 4697: 4696: 4695: 4685: 4680: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4637: 4636: 4626: 4621: 4612: 4611: 4610: 4603: 4596:Annales school 4592: 4590: 4581: 4580: 4579: 4578: 4573: 4566: 4556: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4534: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4522: 4521: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4468: 4467: 4466: 4461: 4459:Constitutional 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4435: 4434: 4422: 4421: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4395: 4382: 4377: 4367: 4365: 4361: 4360: 4358: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4335:Postage stamps 4332: 4327: 4322: 4321: 4320: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4274: 4273: 4263: 4258: 4249: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4227: 4225: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4213: 4212: 4202: 4196: 4194: 4186: 4185: 4173: 4172: 4169: 4168: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4161: 4160: 4159: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4132:Oral tradition 4129: 4128: 4127: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4056: 4054: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4030: 4028: 4020: 4019: 4007: 4006: 4003: 4002: 3995: 3988: 3981: 3973: 3972: 3965: 3964: 3963: 3944: 3943: 3940: 3939: 3936:Historiography 3932: 3931: 3924: 3917: 3909: 3902: 3901: 3889: 3869: 3868: 3861: 3860:External links 3858: 3856: 3855: 3834: 3828: 3811: 3800: 3790:(1): 167–183. 3779: 3769:(2): 165–179. 3758: 3723: 3690: 3684: 3671: 3666:978-0889209978 3665: 3650: 3645:978-0774806459 3644: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3616: 3610: 3593: 3566: 3561:978-0312211608 3560: 3543: 3537: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3511: 3498: 3481: 3464: 3447: 3426: 3411: 3394: 3379: 3362: 3347: 3332: 3317: 3301: 3288: 3275: 3268: 3248: 3235: 3222: 3197: 3181: 3179:, pp. 789–790. 3157: 3142: 3127: 3112: 3100: 3088: 3073: 3061: 3049: 3034: 3019: 3007: 2992: 2980: 2968: 2956: 2944: 2929: 2912: 2893: 2881: 2866: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2819: 2801: 2799: 2796: 2795: 2794: 2789: 2787:Historiography 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2757: 2754: 2753: 2752: 2741: 2732: 2723: 2712: 2709: 2708: 2707: 2699: 2690: 2681: 2672: 2660: 2651: 2642: 2631: 2628: 2611: 2610:Selected works 2608: 2585: 2582: 2546:historiography 2514: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2503: 2496: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2483: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2464: 2463: 2459: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2422: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2393: 2391:Historiography 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2342: 2341: 2335: 2334: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2324: 2323: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2311: 2305: 2299: 2296: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2262: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2140: 2132: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2099: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2025: 2019: 2016: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1976:Siege of Osaka 1973: 1968: 1962: 1953: 1950: 1949: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1926: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1909: 1907:Sengoku period 1904: 1898: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1860: 1854: 1851: 1850: 1849:794–1185 1847: 1844: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1827: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1800: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1786: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1772: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1736: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1725: 1724: 1716: 1715: 1709: 1708: 1697: 1694: 1650:published the 1560: 1557: 1511:of 1156. The 1467:Today's Mirror 1459:", 1119), the 1417:, follows the 1392: 1389: 1214: 1211: 1155:Imperial China 1116:Prince Shōtoku 1040: 1034: 1032: 1029: 863:Prince Shōtoku 833: 832: 830: 829: 822: 815: 807: 804: 803: 802: 801: 786: 785: 782: 781: 775: 771: 770: 769: 766: 765: 762: 761: 756: 751: 745: 739: 738: 737: 734: 733: 730: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 703: 697: 696: 695: 692: 691: 688: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 641: 635: 634: 633: 630: 629: 626: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 584: 578: 577: 576: 573: 572: 569: 568: 563: 558: 553: 547: 537: 536: 535: 532: 531: 528: 527: 522: 517: 511: 505: 504: 503: 500: 499: 496: 495: 490: 485: 480: 474: 468: 467: 466: 463: 462: 459: 458: 453: 448: 443: 437: 431: 430: 429: 426: 425: 422: 421: 416: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 386: 380: 374: 373: 372: 369: 368: 365: 364: 359: 354: 348: 342: 341: 340: 337: 336: 333: 332: 327: 322: 317: 311: 301: 300: 299: 296: 295: 292: 291: 286: 281: 272: 267: 262: 257: 252: 247: 242: 236: 230: 229: 228: 225: 224: 221: 220: 215: 213:Writing system 210: 205: 200: 195: 190: 184: 178: 177: 176: 173: 172: 169: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 137: 131: 130: 129: 126: 125: 122: 121: 116: 111: 106: 104:Historiography 101: 96: 91: 86: 77: 72: 67: 62: 56: 50: 49: 48: 45: 44: 36: 35: 27: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8340: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8320: 8318: 8302: 8294: 8292: 8284: 8283: 8279: 8269: 8266: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8253: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8233: 8230: 8223: 8219: 8207: 8204: 8203: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8191: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8178: 8175: 8168: 8164: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8139: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8127:Merton thesis 8125: 8124: 8122: 8117: 8113: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8079:Panbabylonism 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8066: 8064: 8060: 8059: 8055: 8054: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8027: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8010: 8005: 8002: 8001: 8000: 7997: 7996: 7995: 7992: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7969: 7968: 7965: 7961: 7958: 7954: 7951: 7950: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7935: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7925: 7923: 7921: 7917: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7900: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7882: 7880: 7876: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7859: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7847: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7824: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7810: 7807: 7800: 7796: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7755: 7754: 7750: 7749: 7748: 7745: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7725: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7710: 7709: 7706: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7688: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7658: 7656: 7652: 7642: 7641:United States 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7603: 7595: 7590: 7587: 7583: 7578: 7575: 7571: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7539: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7522: 7521:Bolivarianism 7519: 7515: 7510: 7507: 7506: 7505: 7504:Simon Bolivar 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7478: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7441: 7436: 7435:Joseph Stalin 7433: 7429: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7397: 7392: 7389: 7385: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7346: 7344: 7338: 7334: 7327: 7323: 7308: 7300: 7299: 7295: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7270: 7268: 7264: 7256: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7237: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7230:Post-Cold War 7228: 7220: 7217: 7216: 7214: 7210: 7207: 7206: 7205: 7204:Falklands War 7202: 7200: 7199:Iran–Iraq War 7197: 7193: 7190: 7189: 7187: 7183: 7180: 7179: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7168: 7165: 7164: 7162: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7147:Ongoing Nakba 7144: 7141: 7140: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7130: 7128: 7126: 7122: 7110: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7099: 7095: 7093: 7092: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7078:Western Front 7076: 7068: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7059:Bengal famine 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7046: 7044: 7040: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7012: 7009: 7008: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6998: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6974: 6973:The Holocaust 6970: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6953: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6928: 6926: 6924:Eastern Front 6922: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6888: 6884: 6876: 6873: 6872: 6870: 6866: 6863: 6862: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6852: 6850: 6848: 6844: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6823: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6813: 6811: 6809: 6803: 6796: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6760: 6755: 6752: 6749: 6745: 6742: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6724: 6720: 6710: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6687: 6686: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6673: 6670: 6669: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6656: 6655:Paris Commune 6653: 6651: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6641: 6640:Turning point 6638: 6636: 6633: 6632: 6631: 6628: 6627: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6607: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6592: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6575: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6565: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6555: 6551: 6548: 6544:18th and 19th 6542: 6536: 6533: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6520: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6502: 6499: 6498: 6497: 6494: 6490: 6489:Islamic views 6487: 6486: 6485: 6482: 6478: 6475: 6474: 6473: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6461: 6454: 6453: 6449: 6447: 6446: 6442: 6441: 6437: 6433: 6430: 6423: 6418: 6416: 6411: 6409: 6404: 6403: 6400: 6396: 6389: 6385: 6371: 6368: 6367: 6365: 6361: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6333: 6331: 6329: 6323: 6317: 6314: 6310: 6307: 6306: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6279: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6265: 6259: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6242: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6232: 6230: 6226: 6218: 6213: 6212:Ser de España 6210: 6206: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6182: 6177: 6174: 6173: 6172: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6147: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6127: 6124: 6123: 6121: 6117: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6095: 6094: 6091: 6087: 6084: 6083: 6082: 6079: 6073: 6068: 6065: 6064: 6061: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6047: 6045: 6041: 6033: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6004: 6002: 5998: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5970: 5968: 5967: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5955: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5945: 5943: 5939: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5922: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5904: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5876: 5870: 5869: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5850: 5846: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5837: 5836: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5824: 5820: 5819: 5817: 5815: 5811: 5803: 5798: 5795: 5791: 5786: 5783: 5779: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5738: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5688: 5685: 5684: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5671: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5644: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5630:Ottoman claim 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5617: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5610:Prosopography 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5594: 5591: 5590: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5580: 5578: 5576: 5572: 5564: 5563:Trưng sisters 5561: 5559: 5558: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5547: 5544: 5543: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5527: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5517: 5514: 5513: 5512: 5509: 5505: 5502: 5501: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5491: 5488: 5483: 5480: 5476: 5473: 5472: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5450: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5424: 5423: 5422: 5419: 5415: 5414: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5401: 5396: 5393: 5389: 5384: 5381: 5377: 5372: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5355: 5350: 5347: 5346: 5343: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5326: 5323: 5322: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5311: 5310:Habsburg myth 5308: 5307: 5305: 5301: 5298: 5297: 5296: 5293: 5292: 5290: 5286: 5276: 5273: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5218:United States 5215: 5207: 5206: 5202: 5201: 5200: 5197: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5188: 5185: 5179: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5165: 5162: 5161: 5160: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5151:Latin America 5148: 5142: 5139: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5121: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5085: 5082: 5081: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5068: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5032: 5028: 5008: 5005: 5004: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4967: 4961: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4948: 4947: 4942: 4941: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4918: 4917: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4859: 4857: 4853: 4847: 4844: 4838: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4826: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4792: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4775: 4771: 4755: 4752: 4751: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4744:Transnational 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4723: 4720: 4719: 4718: 4715: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4702: 4701: 4698: 4694: 4691: 4690: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4677: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4635: 4634:Decoloniality 4632: 4631: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4616: 4615:Historiometry 4613: 4609: 4608: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4598: 4597: 4594: 4593: 4591: 4585: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4571: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4560: 4559:Periodization 4557: 4555: 4552: 4551: 4548: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4507: 4504: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4473: 4472: 4469: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4427: 4426: 4423: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4400: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4366: 4362: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4345:Sigillography 4343: 4341: 4340:Prosopography 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4319: 4316: 4315: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4272: 4269: 4268: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4236: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4217:Local history 4215: 4211: 4210:Human history 4208: 4207: 4206: 4205:World history 4203: 4201: 4198: 4197: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4178: 4174: 4158: 4155: 4154: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4126: 4123: 4122: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4051: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4031: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4012: 4008: 4001: 4000: 3996: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3980: 3979: 3975: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3952: 3951: 3950: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3930: 3925: 3923: 3918: 3916: 3911: 3910: 3907: 3900: 3890: 3888: 3878: 3877: 3874: 3867: 3864: 3863: 3852: 3848: 3844: 3841:(in French). 3840: 3835: 3831: 3829:9780198737988 3825: 3821: 3817: 3812: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3765:(in French). 3764: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3724: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3687: 3685:9780198737971 3681: 3677: 3672: 3668: 3662: 3658: 3657: 3651: 3647: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3632: 3626: 3625: 3613: 3611:9780198738008 3607: 3603: 3599: 3594: 3583: 3579: 3572: 3567: 3563: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3544: 3540: 3538:9780198737995 3534: 3530: 3526: 3521: 3520: 3508: 3502: 3495: 3493: 3485: 3478: 3476: 3468: 3461: 3459: 3451: 3444: 3442: 3436: 3430: 3423: 3422: 3421:Tokushi Yoron 3415: 3408: 3406: 3398: 3391: 3390: 3389:Jinno Shotoki 3383: 3376: 3374: 3373:Shaku Nihongi 3366: 3359: 3358: 3351: 3344: 3343: 3336: 3329: 3328: 3321: 3314: 3310: 3305: 3298: 3292: 3285: 3279: 3271: 3269:9781134864676 3265: 3261: 3260: 3252: 3245: 3239: 3232: 3226: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3201: 3194: 3188: 3186: 3178: 3174: 3172: 3166: 3161: 3155:, p. 83. 3154: 3149: 3147: 3140:, p. 82. 3139: 3134: 3132: 3125:, p. 81. 3124: 3119: 3117: 3110:, p. 80. 3109: 3104: 3098:, p. 74. 3097: 3092: 3086:, p. 73. 3085: 3080: 3078: 3071:, p. 72. 3070: 3065: 3059:, p. 71. 3058: 3053: 3046: 3041: 3039: 3032:, p. 70. 3031: 3026: 3024: 3016: 3011: 3005:, p. 69. 3004: 2999: 2997: 2990:, p. 68. 2989: 2984: 2978:, p. 67. 2977: 2972: 2966:, p. 66. 2965: 2960: 2954:, p. 65. 2953: 2948: 2942:, p. 64. 2941: 2936: 2934: 2927:, p. 60. 2926: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2910:, p. 61. 2909: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2891:, p. 59. 2890: 2885: 2879:, p. 58. 2878: 2873: 2871: 2863: 2858: 2856: 2854: 2849: 2838: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2816: 2812: 2806: 2802: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2759: 2751: 2747: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2715: 2714: 2705: 2704: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2694:Tokushi Yoron 2691: 2688: 2686: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2676:Jinnō Shōtōki 2673: 2671: 2667: 2665: 2664:Shaku Nihongi 2661: 2658: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2634: 2633: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2607: 2603: 2601: 2596: 2590: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2572:In 1929, the 2569: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2549: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2538:Emperor Meiji 2536:). In 1869, 2535: 2531: 2527: 2526: 2521: 2509: 2504: 2502: 2497: 2495: 2490: 2489: 2487: 2486: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2465: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2332: 2331: 2321: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2303: 2298: 2297: 2293: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2260: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2234:Anpo protests 2232: 2230: 2229:Postwar Japan 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2138: 2134: 2133: 2129: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2109: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2100: 2096: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2026: 2024: 2023: 2018: 2017: 2013: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1963: 1961: 1957: 1952: 1951: 1947: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1927: 1925: 1924: 1919: 1918: 1914: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1897: 1896: 1891: 1890: 1886: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1858: 1853: 1852: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1828: 1826: 1825: 1820: 1819: 1815: 1812: 1811: 1806: 1805: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1792: 1791: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1770: 1769: 1764: 1763: 1759: 1757: 1756: 1752: 1751: 1747: 1745: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1701: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1677: 1672: 1671: 1666: 1660: 1655: 1654: 1649: 1648:Ichijō Kanera 1644: 1640: 1635: 1634: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1595: 1589: 1584: 1583: 1578: 1574: 1571:(1336–1392), 1570: 1566: 1556: 1553: 1552: 1551:Jinnō Shōtōki 1547: 1546: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1529: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1505: 1500: 1499: 1494: 1493:(1185–1333). 1492: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1468: 1464: 1463: 1458: 1454: 1453: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1439: 1434: 1430: 1429: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1415: 1409: 1407: 1406: 1400: 1399: 1388: 1386: 1385: 1380: 1379: 1374: 1373:Fujiwara clan 1370: 1366: 1362: 1361: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1320:Shoku Nihongi 1317: 1313: 1309: 1308:Shoku Nihongi 1305: 1304:Emperor Kōnin 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1288:Shoku Nihongi 1284: 1282: 1281: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1267: 1262: 1258: 1257: 1252: 1251: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1233: 1232:Shoku Nihongi 1228: 1224: 1220: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1185: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1163: 1161: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1139: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1123: 1122: 1117: 1113: 1108: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1084:Emperor Tenmu 1081: 1077: 1076: 1070: 1069: 1063: 1056: 1052: 1051: 1045: 1039: 1028: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1013:Marxist ideas 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 995: 993: 989: 985: 981: 980: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 954:Neo-Confucian 951: 949: 948: 943: 939: 938: 933: 932: 927: 926: 921: 920: 914: 912: 911: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 889: 885:of 712. The 883: 882: 876: 875: 870: 869: 864: 859: 857: 853: 851: 840: 828: 823: 821: 816: 814: 809: 808: 806: 805: 800: 790: 789: 788: 787: 780: 777: 776: 772:Organisations 768: 767: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 746: 742: 736: 735: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 704: 700: 694: 693: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651: 648: 646: 643: 642: 638: 632: 631: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 585: 581: 575: 574: 567: 564: 562: 559: 557: 554: 552: 549: 548: 544: 540: 534: 533: 526: 523: 521: 518: 516: 513: 512: 508: 502: 501: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 475: 471: 465: 464: 457: 454: 452: 451:New religions 449: 447: 444: 442: 439: 438: 434: 428: 427: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 409:Shichi-Go-San 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 381: 377: 371: 370: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 349: 345: 339: 338: 331: 328: 326: 325:Urban legends 323: 321: 318: 316: 313: 312: 308: 304: 298: 297: 290: 287: 285: 282: 280: 276: 273: 271: 268: 266: 263: 261: 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 237: 233: 227: 226: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 185: 181: 175: 174: 167: 164: 162: 159: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 144: 142: 139: 138: 134: 128: 127: 120: 117: 115: 114:Naval history 112: 110: 107: 105: 102: 100: 97: 95: 92: 90: 87: 85: 81: 78: 76: 73: 71: 68: 66: 63: 61: 58: 57: 53: 47: 46: 42: 38: 37: 33: 29: 28: 24: 20: 19: 16: 8056: 7858:The Simpsons 7856: 7803:Other topics 7751: 7728:Christianity 7718:Resurrection 7349:Adolf Hitler 7178:Six-Day War 7174:Algerian War 7145: / 7104:Vichy France 7096: 7089: 6999: / 6887:World War II 6783: / 6450: 6443: 6245:Ghaza thesis 6168: 6144: 6130:White legend 6128: / 6126:Black legend 6081:Soviet Union 5971: 5964: 5952: 5915:Great Famine 5892:Indocentrism 5866: 5847: 5840: 5833: 5821: 5767:Grand Siècle 5765: 5746: 5714:Sinocentrism 5575:Ancient Rome 5555: 5442: 5413:Aryan Kartli 5411: 5203: 5166: / 5100: 4997:19th century 4995: / 4986: / 4951: 4944: 4943: / 4938: 4914: 4888: / 4862:Black legend 4820:Historiology 4617: / 4605: 4568: 4506:Quantitative 4429: 4425:Intellectual 4391: / 4387: / 4373: / 4371:Anthropology 4325:Phaleristics 4318:preservation 4313:Oral history 4254: / 4240: / 4222:Microhistory 3997: 3990: 3983: 3976: 3967: 3958: / 3954: 3947: 3845:(1): 33–47. 3842: 3838: 3815: 3803: 3787: 3783: 3766: 3762: 3738:(1): 25–50. 3735: 3731: 3716:. Retrieved 3704: 3698: 3675: 3655: 3630: 3597: 3586:. Retrieved 3581: 3577: 3547: 3524: 3501: 3491: 3484: 3474: 3467: 3457: 3450: 3440: 3434: 3429: 3420: 3414: 3404: 3397: 3388: 3382: 3372: 3365: 3356: 3350: 3341: 3335: 3326: 3320: 3312: 3304: 3296: 3291: 3283: 3278: 3258: 3251: 3243: 3238: 3230: 3225: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3200: 3176: 3170: 3160: 3103: 3096:Bentley 2015 3091: 3084:Bentley 2015 3069:Bentley 2015 3064: 3057:Bentley 2015 3052: 3047:, p. 7. 3030:Bentley 2015 3010: 3003:Bentley 2015 2988:Bentley 2015 2983: 2976:Bentley 2015 2971: 2964:Bentley 2015 2959: 2952:Bentley 2015 2947: 2940:Bentley 2015 2925:Bentley 2015 2908:Bentley 2015 2889:Bentley 2015 2884: 2877:Bentley 2015 2864:, p. 6. 2830: 2827: 2822: 2805: 2749: 2743: 2734: 2725: 2716: 2701: 2692: 2683: 2674: 2669: 2662: 2653: 2644: 2635: 2616:dynamic list 2604: 2591: 2587: 2577: 2574:Meiji period 2571: 2561: 2553: 2551: 2533: 2523: 2517: 2404:Christianity 2390: 2300: 2266:Lost Decades 2257: 2194:World War II 2135: 2103: 2020: 1955: 1930:Nanban trade 1921: 1893: 1855: 1822: 1808: 1794: 1780: 1766: 1753: 1741: 1685: 1681: 1669: 1664: 1652: 1645: 1632: 1621:Zuikei Shūhō 1618: 1611: 1606:and that of 1603:Shinchō kōki 1601: 1598:Oda Nobunaga 1581: 1564: 1562: 1549: 1543: 1541: 1526: 1512: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1486: 1480: 1476: 1470: 1466: 1460: 1456: 1450: 1436: 1433:Four Mirrors 1432: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1412: 1410: 1403: 1396: 1394: 1382: 1376: 1368: 1364: 1358: 1352: 1346: 1337: 1334:Emperor Saga 1332: 1319: 1311: 1307: 1291: 1287: 1285: 1278: 1271:Heian period 1264: 1260: 1254: 1248: 1247:in 869, the 1242: 1241:in 840, the 1236: 1235:in 797, the 1230: 1226: 1216: 1202: 1198: 1188: 1182: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1164: 1153:. It takes 1142: 1140: 1125: 1119: 1111: 1109: 1103: 1099: 1093: 1087: 1073: 1059: 1048: 1037: 1027:approaches. 1021:Hisao Ōtsuka 1011: 996: 977: 970:Hayashi clan 961: 952: 945: 944:theatre and 935: 929: 923: 917: 915: 908: 904: 886: 872: 866: 860: 847: 838: 836: 754:Coat of arms 712:Architecture 660:Martial arts 446:Christianity 352:Food history 284:Tea ceremony 277: / 103: 65:Demographics 15: 8246:Hagiography 8007: [ 7967:Early Islam 7821: [ 7713:Historicity 7691:Historicity 7681:Jane Austen 7661:The Beatles 7631:Netherlands 7592: [ 7589:Zhuge Liang 7580: [ 7568: [ 7565:Yuan Shikai 7536: [ 7533:Sun Yat Tse 7512: [ 7475: [ 7438: [ 7426: [ 7423:Jiang Zemin 7394: [ 7382: [ 7374:Che Guevara 7107: [ 7042:Pacific War 6826:Article 231 6816:Reparations 6793: [ 6757: [ 6734:Color books 6723:World War I 6707: [ 6684:War of 1812 6589: [ 6572: [ 6557:(1792–1815) 6528:Sea Peoples 6513:Gallic Wars 6215: [ 6203: [ 6190:Revisionist 6179: [ 6170:Reconquista 6160: [ 6152:Inquisition 6146:Convivencia 6070: [ 6058: [ 6030: [ 5927:Revisionism 5852: [ 5800: [ 5788: [ 5776: [ 5757: [ 5699:Golden ages 5668: [ 5665:Wunu School 5660:Archaeology 5533:Switzerland 5516:Kosovo Myth 5504:Great Union 5485: [ 5470:Philippines 5453:Nationalist 5426:Ages of Man 5398: [ 5386: [ 5374: [ 5352: [ 5340: [ 5176: [ 5173:Revisionist 5065: [ 5002:Renaissance 4867:Coloniality 4835: [ 4823: [ 4815:Historicity 4739:Revisionist 4729:Pop history 4700:Nationalist 4674: [ 4619:Cliometrics 4587:Approaches, 4543:Methodology 4439:Linguistics 4389:Environment 4355:Vexillology 4278:Diplomatics 4261:Chorography 4200:Big History 4152:War diaries 4125:Illuminated 4120:Manuscripts 4105:Hieroglyphs 3985:historicity 3516:Works cited 3494:" at p. 955 3477:" at p. 960 3460:" at p. 549 3407:" at p. 709 3375:" at p. 848 3342:Nihon Shoki 2750:Nihon Shoki 2670:Nihon Shoki 2646:Nihon Shoki 2356:Earthquakes 2204:Pacific War 2112:World War I 1743:Paleolithic 1686:Nihon Shoki 1682:Nihon Shoki 1674: [ 1657: [ 1653:Kuji Kongen 1637: [ 1624: [ 1592:covers the 1586: [ 1569:Nanboku-chō 1537:Taira clans 1384:Shinkokushi 1292:Nihon Shoki 1261:Nihon Shoki 1227:Nihon Shoki 1203:Nihon Shoki 1190:Book of Jin 1184:Book of Wei 1167:Nihon Shoki 1104:Nihon Shoki 1075:Nihon Shoki 1050:Nihon Shoki 1038:Nihon Shoki 1025:nationalist 905:Nihon Shoki 888:Nihon Shoki 680:Rugby union 623:Pornography 618:Video games 515:Light novel 394:Hinamatsuri 357:Ingredients 8317:Categories 8301:Multimedia 8120:Technology 8084:Urreligion 7987:Kharijites 7938:Background 7606:Historical 7577:Zhou Enlai 7472:Mao Zedong 7467:Louis Riel 7240:Background 7091:Guilty Men 7033:Uniqueness 6956:Background 6951:Winter War 6875:Background 6808:Versailles 6662:Great Game 6309:Ricardians 6304:Tudor myth 6022:Partitions 5615:Succession 4905:Narratives 4890:Presentism 4846:Philosophy 4666:Humanistic 4554:Case study 4486:Indigenous 4464:Diplomatic 4408:Capitalism 4308:Onomastics 4266:Chronology 4095:Facsimiles 4080:Chronicles 3978:historians 3949:Historians 3718:2016-07-31 3588:2016-07-31 3505:Nussbaum, 3488:Nussbaum, 3471:Nussbaum, 3454:Nussbaum, 3401:Nussbaum, 3369:Nussbaum, 3171:Rikkokushi 3167:. (2005). 2845:References 2614:This is a 2525:Rikkokushi 2276:Cool Japan 2144:Militarism 2006:Boshin War 1959:(Tokugawa) 1841:Genpei War 1482:Masukagami 1472:Mizukagami 1438:monogatari 1419:Rikkokushi 1357:, and the 1338:Nihon Kōki 1275:Edo period 1266:Rikkokushi 1238:Nihon Kōki 958:Edo period 910:Rikkokushi 670:Ice hockey 665:Basketball 593:Television 507:Literature 232:Traditions 166:Ryukuyuans 89:Healthcare 8089:Perennial 7878:Economics 7830:Feudalism 7616:Australia 7364:Aurangzeb 7340:Political 7330:By person 7011:Pius Wars 6806:Treaty of 6465:conflicts 6272:Poor Laws 6135:Hispanism 6012:Sarmatism 5842:Sonderweg 5600:Expansion 5325:Litvinism 5159:Argentina 4993:Long 18th 4876:Dark Ages 4656:Historism 4454:Political 4393:Geography 4330:Philology 4293:Genealogy 4288:Epigraphy 4231:By source 4070:Artifacts 3713:0036-5483 3707:(1): 17. 3584:: 225–246 3193:"History" 3153:Sato 2015 3138:Sato 2015 3123:Sato 2015 3108:Sato 2015 3045:Mehl 1998 3015:Mehl 1998 2862:Mehl 1998 2811:Heijō-kyō 2395:Religion 2386:Geography 2371:Education 2366:Era names 1996:Bakumatsu 1935:Imjin War 1895:Muromachi 1874:Genkō War 1864:Jōkyū War 1462:Imakagami 1443:Sima Qian 1324:Heijō-kyō 1219:Yōrō Code 699:Monuments 608:Media mix 561:Kayōkyoku 376:Festivals 330:Folktales 303:Mythology 245:Etiquette 180:Languages 80:Education 60:Era names 8291:Category 8206:template 7920:Religion 7771:Socrates 7686:Muhammed 7608:rankings 7489:Napoleon 7307:Category 7125:Cold War 7028:Slovakia 6615:Waterloo 6484:Crusades 6429:Military 6277:Scotland 6235:Kemalist 5557:Nam tiến 5552:Vietnam 5542:Ukraine 5500:Romania 5482:Portugal 5408:Georgia 5383:Medieval 5332:Bulgaria 5321:Belarus 5306:Austria 5112:Americas 5080:Morocco 5076:Ethiopia 4855:Specific 4778:Concepts 4683:Leninist 4641:Feminist 4629:Critical 4476:Feminism 4449:Military 4403:Business 4398:Economic 4380:Cultural 4364:By topic 4350:Toponymy 4298:Heraldry 4246:template 4193:By scale 4115:Logbooks 4100:Features 4065:Archives 3475:Tennō-ki 3357:Gukansho 3216:(2000). 2813:(modern 2756:See also 2655:Gukanshō 2595:zaibatsu 2562:shikyoku 2542:rescript 2480:Timeline 2470:Glossary 2441:Post-war 2436:Politics 2426:Military 2399:Buddhism 2351:Currency 1857:Kamakura 1705:a series 1703:Part of 1594:Ōnin War 1545:Gukanshō 1533:Minamoto 1447:narrator 1326:(modern 1187:and the 979:kokugaku 974:Mitogaku 972:and the 871:and the 685:Olympics 650:Baseball 441:Buddhism 433:Religion 404:Tanabata 307:folklore 270:Marriage 250:Funerals 240:Clothing 198:Ryukyuan 193:Japanese 141:Japanese 23:a series 21:Part of 8226:Related 8116:Science 7761:Madonna 7733:Judaism 7696:Judaism 7528:Saladin 7418:Hypatia 7342:leaders 7266:Related 7219:Origins 7182:Origins 7133:Origins 6689:Origins 6635:Origins 6501:Origins 6363:Oceania 6326:British 6264:Kingdom 5907:Ireland 5814:Germany 5522:Sweden 5395:New Age 5371:Ancient 5367:Europe 5363:Croatia 5295:Albania 5288:Eurasia 5090:Rwanda 4788:General 4688:Marxist 4589:schools 4418:Thought 4385:Ecology 4147:Scrolls 4085:Codices 4053:Sources 3992:history 3969:History 3887:History 3873:Portals 3810:410 pp. 3806:(1991) 3754:2054236 3700:Scandia 2727:Tennōki 2475:History 2414:Judaism 2361:Economy 1732:Periods 1696:History 1613:Taikōki 1610:in the 1600:in the 1573:Sengoku 1452:Ōkagami 1280:shōguns 1217:In 718 1134:on the 1121:Tennōki 999:Rangaku 868:Tennōki 779:Museums 741:Symbols 488:Ikebana 483:Gardens 344:Cuisine 315:Deities 265:Wasōbon 203:Hachijō 188:Japonic 52:History 7852:Salons 7654:Others 7621:Canada 7255:Causes 7192:Causes 7167:Causes 6961:Spirit 6895:Causes 6865:Causes 6730:Causes 6699:Causes 6672:Causes 6650:Causes 6581:Causes 6328:Empire 6262:United 6228:Turkey 6043:Russia 6017:Deluge 6000:Poland 5740:France 5538:Taiwan 5511:Serbia 5317:Balhae 5168:Causes 5119:Canada 5053:Egypt 5046:Africa 4570:Tarikh 4491:Labour 4481:Gender 4471:Social 4271:dating 4137:Papyri 4060:Annals 3826:  3796:132185 3794:  3752:  3711:  3682:  3663:  3642:  3608:  3558:  3535:  3418:JHTI, 3386:JHTI, 3354:JHTI, 3339:JHTI, 3327:Kojiki 3266:  3214:et al. 2837:Himiko 2637:Kojiki 2630:Extant 2566:custom 2554:taiten 2451:Sports 2419:Shinto 2376:Empire 2337:Topics 2259:Heisei 2105:Taishō 1981:Sakoku 1707:on the 1582:Ōninki 1428:Shikyō 1351:, the 1312:Kojiki 1199:Kojiki 1175:Kojiki 1171:Kojiki 1143:Kojiki 1132:Baekje 1112:Kojiki 1100:Kojiki 1068:Kojiki 962:Kojiki 931:shikyō 897:Shinto 881:Kojiki 598:Cinema 556:Anison 525:Poetry 478:Bonsai 456:Shinto 362:Dishes 289:Values 260:Geisha 161:Yamato 133:People 25:on the 8099:Roman 8011:] 7825:] 7738:Islam 7708:Jesus 7596:] 7584:] 7572:] 7540:] 7516:] 7479:] 7442:] 7430:] 7398:] 7386:] 7111:] 7001:Nakba 6797:] 6761:] 6711:] 6593:] 6576:] 6219:] 6207:] 6183:] 6164:] 6119:Spain 6074:] 6062:] 6034:] 5941:Italy 5879:India 5856:] 5804:] 5792:] 5780:] 5761:] 5672:] 5647:China 5489:] 5448:Korea 5443:Japan 5432:Iran 5421:Greek 5402:] 5390:] 5378:] 5356:] 5349:Early 5344:] 5205:Casta 5180:] 5102:Maafa 5069:] 4839:] 4827:] 4678:] 4518:Women 4513:Urban 4501:Rural 4496:LGBTQ 4252:Books 4090:Deeds 4027:Types 3899:Japan 3839:Ebisu 3792:JSTOR 3750:JSTOR 3574:(PDF) 3492:Teiki 3458:Kokki 2798:Notes 2736:Teiki 2718:Kokki 2622:with 2431:Naval 2409:Islam 2302:Reiwa 2137:Shōwa 2022:Meiji 1824:Heian 1796:Asuka 1782:Kofun 1768:Yayoi 1755:Jōmon 1678:] 1661:] 1641:] 1628:] 1590:] 1207:poems 1127:Kokki 1095:Kyūji 1089:Teiki 947:emaki 874:Kokki 844:日本史学史 637:Sport 603:Anime 588:Radio 580:Media 551:J-pop 539:Music 520:Manga 279:Sentō 275:Onsen 255:Games 8190:list 6785:1917 5797:Lyon 5268:Eras 5187:Peru 4922:list 4869:and 4749:Whig 3956:list 3824:ISBN 3709:ISSN 3680:ISBN 3661:ISBN 3640:ISBN 3606:ISBN 3556:ISBN 3533:ISBN 3264:ISBN 2815:Nara 1810:Nara 1535:and 1367:and 1328:Nara 1201:and 1165:The 1149:and 1141:The 1124:and 1102:and 1092:and 1047:The 837:The 749:Flag 645:Sumo 541:and 384:Obon 305:and 208:Ainu 151:Ainu 4916:Pax 3847:doi 3771:doi 3740:doi 3208:in 3175:in 2740:681 2731:620 2722:612 2650:720 2641:712 2580:). 1956:Edo 1630:'s 942:Noh 566:Noh 470:Art 8319:: 8009:it 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Index

a series
Culture of Japan

History
Era names
Demographics
Historical currency
Economic history
Education
Science, and Technology
Healthcare
Imperial history
Foreign relations
Historiography
Military history
Naval history
Post-Japanese occupation history
People
Japanese
Zainichi Koreans
Ainu
Ōbeikei Islanders
Yamato
Ryukuyuans
Languages
Japonic
Japanese
Ryukyuan
Hachijō
Ainu

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