458:
752:
330:
399:. The publisher, Richard Carl Schmidt, printed the year 1929 as a publishing date, probably from a purely business motive (to keep the book looking new throughout the coming year) and this date is often mistakenly given as the actual date of publication. In 188 pages and 100 handmade illustrations, Potočnik described a plan for establishment of a permanent human presence in outer space. He conceived a detailed design for a
407:. He described the use of orbiting spacecraft for detailed observation of the ground for peaceful and military purposes, and described how the special conditions of space could be useful for scientific experiments. Potočnik expressed strong doubts of the potentially destructive military use of these fresh discoveries.
42:
432:
and was issued in three parts (July, August and
September 1929) and credited to "Captain Hermann Noordung, A.D., M.E., Berlin." The article was also published in Science Wonder Stories' affiliated publication
543:, and was buried there. An obituary notice about his death was printed in one Maribor daily newspaper, mentioning his ranks (engineers and captain), his illness, but nothing about his work regarding space.
209:. Herman had two brothers, Adolf and Gustav (who were both navy officers), and a sister Frančiška (Franci). He spent most of his childhood years in Maribor and, according to oral sources, in Vitanje.
299:
battlefield and there he experienced a breakthrough of the
Austrian army to the river Piava and its retreat. In 1919 he was pensioned from the Austrian military with the rank of captain because of
473:) and discussed communication between them and the ground using radio, but did not suggest the idea of using satellites for mass broadcasting and as telecommunications relays (developed by
927:
426:, published by Labin Art Press). A partial translation to English, containing most of the essential chapters, was made as early as 1929 for the American magazine
440:
With his many ideas he became one of the founders of astronautics. His concepts were first considered seriously only by amateur rocketeers in
Germany, the
423:
252:. His uncle Heinrich was a major-general in the army, and probably enabled his study at Austrian military schools. From 1910 to 1913 he studied at the
487:(another former VfR member) in 1952. Von Braun considered orbiting space stations as intermediate to travel to other planets. In 1955 and 1968,
174:
immigrants, manufacturers of crucibles for glass-making, and a daughter of a well known wine merchant and local councillor Jožef Kokošinek from
853:
253:
315:, Austria, and was awarded a doctorate in engineering. From 1925 onward, he devoted himself entirely to the problems of rocket science and
838:
942:
937:
922:
917:
907:
737:
729:
695:
643:
657:
795:
773:
705:
766:
319:. Owing to chronic illness, he did not find a job or marry, but lived with his brother Adolf in Vienna, Austria.
947:
815:
312:
17:
232:
colloquial language). Assuming that the initial "N" was intended as a negation, the name could mean "no order".
614:
681:
669:
457:
393:
Das
Problem der Befahrung des Weltraums - der Raketen-Motor (The Problem of Space Travel - The Rocket Motor)
619:
523:
821:
442:
245:
564:
268:
and graduated as an engineer second lieutenant. His specialization was building of railways and bridges.
240:
In
Maribor, Potočnik attended primary school. Afterward he attended the military secondary schools in
912:
216:
pseudonym
Noordung is still a mystery, but some suggest that he used it to indicate the problems of
760:
276:
848:
932:
92:
584:
777:
470:
308:
304:
284:
187:
183:
571:
483:
of 1945). The wheel-shaped space station served as an inspiration for further development by
199:
167:
112:
833:
902:
897:
570:
In 1999 a two-day international memorial symposium about his life and work was held at the
694:
Juve, Henrik Dahl; Repp, Ed Earl; MacClure, Victor; Chappelow, Edward E. (15 April 2014).
123:
and is remembered mainly for his work concerning the long-term human habitation of space.
8:
879:
454:
and his acquaintances. More locally, Viennese engineers dismissed his work as fantasy.
434:
404:
733:
725:
701:
597:
There is activity to construct a statue of Herman Potočnik in his birthplace of Pula.
510:
497:
484:
241:
170:
harbour of Pola. His mother Minka was born
February 7, 1854; she was a descendant of
140:
66:
863:
474:
415:
411:
316:
288:
229:
166:
and at the time of Herman's birth he served as a doctor and a navy officer of the
27:
Slovenian-Croatian military officer, electrical engineer and physicist (1892–1929)
857:
842:
518:
213:
70:
162:
Both of Potočnik's parents were
Slovenian. His father Jožef was born in 1841 in
624:
580:
479:
451:
447:
428:
163:
891:
501:(based on Wernher von Braun's published concepts: first, several articles in
403:, regarded by Russian and American historians of spaceflight to be the first
400:
334:
574:, celebrating the 70th anniversary of the first printing of his famous book.
871:
590:
In 2006, the Herman Potočnik
Noordung Memorial Centre (HPNMC) was built in
514:
502:
492:
300:
217:
191:
171:
152:
120:
116:
41:
329:
272:
488:
296:
469:
Potočnik's book described geostationary satellites (first proposed by
257:
205:
When Herman's father died in 1894, his mother relocated the family to
557:
536:
506:
380:
105:
577:
356:
156:
148:
591:
540:
372:
249:
206:
195:
179:
175:
144:
827:
878:
Complete French version of the book by
Hermann Noordung :
396:
280:
265:
136:
88:
601:
724:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2016.
527:, respectively, depicted such a role for "Space Station V".
450:. In its Russian edition, the book may also have influenced
446:(VfR - "Spaceflight Society"), the most notable of whom was
553:
419:
348:
132:
62:
693:
303:
that he contracted during the war. He started to study
182:). In 1866, Herman's father Jožef participated with the
119:
theorist. He is regarded as an early theorist of modern
873:"Problem der Befahrung des Weltraums: Der Raketenmotor"
604:, inspired by his work, was built in Vitanje, Slovenia.
682:
Science Wonder Stories, vol. 1, no. 4 (September 1929)
602:
Cultural Centre of European Space Technologies (KSEVT)
563:
A proposal was made during the late 1990s to name the
295:). He was assigned to the southwestern front of the
670:
Science Wonder Stories, vol. 1, no. 3 (August 1929)
539:at the age of 36 while in great poverty in Vienna,
928:Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I
658:Science Wonder Stories, vol. 1, no. 2 (July 1929)
235:
889:
847:Potočnik's book at NASA (full electronic text):
391:At the end of 1928, he published his sole book,
865:"The Problem of Space Travel: The Rocket Motor"
850:"The Problem of Space Travel: The Rocket Motor"
835:"The Problem of Space Travel: The Rocket Motor"
826:the unofficial Memorial Centre and KSEVT blog:
322:
363:: electric cable to an external observatory.
254:Imperial and Royal Technical Military Academy
111:; 22 December 1892 – 27 August 1929) was an
414:during early 1935, Slovene in 1986 (by the
287:and in 1915 he was promoted to the rank of
814:about the Memorial Centre on Culture.si:
796:Learn how and when to remove this message
759:This article includes a list of general
456:
328:
186:, where the Austrian Navy commanded by
14:
890:
513:, and later developed into books from
745:
880:Le problème du voyage dans l'espace
505:magazine 1952– 54, co-written with
24:
765:it lacks sufficient corresponding
313:University of Technology in Vienna
25:
959:
870:original book in German (scans):
862:Potočnik's book at NASA (scans):
808:
115:officer, electrical engineer and
943:20th-century Hungarian inventors
938:Deaths from pneumonia in Austria
832:Potočnik's book at NASA (info):
750:
40:
820:about Potočnik on Vesolje.net:
697:Air Wonder Stories, August 1929
567:after him, but was not adopted.
131:Potočnik was born in Pola (now
923:Inventors from Austria-Hungary
918:Engineers from Austria-Hungary
714:
687:
675:
663:
651:
637:
236:Education and military service
151:ethnicity and originated from
13:
1:
722:Mars in the Movies: A History
630:
615:Timeline of space exploration
410:The book was translated into
126:
908:Early spaceflight scientists
620:Rotating wheel space station
7:
608:
565:International Space Station
422:) and Croatian in 2004 (by
339:The Problem of Space Travel
324:The Problem of Space Travel
10:
964:
546:
443:Verein für Raumschiffahrt
77:
48:
39:
32:
822:Herman Potočnik Noordung
530:
780:more precise citations.
418:), English in 1995 (by
948:20th-century engineers
471:Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
466:
429:Science Wonder Stories
388:
337:in Hermann Noordung's
309:mechanical engineering
305:electrical engineering
188:Wilhelm von Tegetthoff
720:Miller, Thomas Kent.
647:By David Shayler, p.4
587:, is named after him.
572:University of Maribor
524:2001: A Space Odyssey
460:
332:
200:Austro-Hungarian Army
168:Austro-Hungarian Navy
147:). His family was of
113:Austro-Hungarian Army
585:Črni Vrh Observatory
194:. Jožef was later a
184:second Battle of Vis
583:, found in 1999 at
367:: condenser pipes.
212:The meaning of his
139:, then part of the
856:2021-12-29 at the
841:2021-05-11 at the
560:now bear his name.
467:
461:The space station
437:at the same time.
435:Air Wonder Stories
405:Space architecture
389:
311:department of the
260:in Lower Austria (
192:Royal Italian Navy
806:
805:
798:
738:978-0-7864-9914-4
730:978-0-7864-9914-4
535:Potočnik died of
511:Chesley Bonestell
498:Conquest of Space
485:Wernher von Braun
333:Description of a
143:monarchy (now in
141:Austria-Hungarian
99:
98:
67:Austrian Littoral
16:(Redirected from
955:
913:People from Pula
801:
794:
790:
787:
781:
776:this article by
767:inline citations
754:
753:
746:
740:
718:
712:
711:
691:
685:
679:
673:
667:
661:
655:
649:
645:Walking in Space
641:
475:Arthur C. Clarke
416:Slovenska matica
385:Verdampfungsrohr
365:Kondensatorrohre
317:space technology
289:First Lieutenant
262:Niederösterreich
109:Hermann Noordung
84:
59:22 December 1892
58:
56:
44:
30:
29:
21:
963:
962:
958:
957:
956:
954:
953:
952:
888:
887:
885:
858:Wayback Machine
843:Wayback Machine
811:
802:
791:
785:
782:
772:Please help to
771:
755:
751:
744:
743:
719:
715:
708:
692:
688:
680:
676:
668:
664:
656:
652:
642:
638:
633:
611:
549:
533:
519:Stanley Kubrick
477:in his article
465:(Living Wheel).
387:: boiler pipe).
342:
327:
238:
129:
102:Herman Potočnik
95:
86:
82:
73:
71:Austria-Hungary
60:
54:
52:
35:
34:Herman Potočnik
28:
23:
22:
18:Herman Potocnik
15:
12:
11:
5:
961:
951:
950:
945:
940:
935:
933:TU Wien alumni
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
883:
882:
876:
868:
860:
845:
830:
828:Noordung Orbit
824:
818:
810:
809:External links
807:
804:
803:
758:
756:
749:
742:
741:
713:
706:
686:
674:
662:
650:
635:
634:
632:
629:
628:
627:
625:Noordung (NSK)
622:
617:
610:
607:
606:
605:
598:
595:
588:
581:19612 Noordung
575:
568:
561:
548:
545:
532:
529:
480:Wireless World
452:Sergey Korolev
448:Hermann Oberth
424:Marino Fonović
377:Treppenschacht
326:
321:
237:
234:
164:Zgornji Razbor
128:
125:
97:
96:
87:
85:(aged 36)
81:27 August 1929
79:
75:
74:
61:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
960:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
895:
893:
886:
881:
877:
875:
874:
869:
867:
866:
861:
859:
855:
852:
851:
846:
844:
840:
837:
836:
831:
829:
825:
823:
819:
817:
816:HPNMC Vitanje
813:
812:
800:
797:
789:
779:
775:
769:
768:
762:
757:
748:
747:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
717:
709:
707:9781312107472
703:
699:
698:
690:
684:, pp. 361-368
683:
678:
672:, pp. 264-273
671:
666:
660:, pp. 170-180
659:
654:
648:
646:
640:
636:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
603:
600:In 2012, the
599:
596:
593:
589:
586:
582:
579:
576:
573:
569:
566:
562:
559:
555:
551:
550:
544:
542:
538:
528:
526:
525:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
499:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481:
476:
472:
464:
459:
455:
453:
449:
445:
444:
438:
436:
431:
430:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
401:space station
398:
394:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
353:Aufzugschacht
350:
346:
340:
336:
335:space station
331:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
275:he served in
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
233:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
203:
201:
197:
193:
190:defeated the
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
107:
103:
94:
90:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
884:
872:
864:
849:
834:
792:
783:
764:
721:
716:
700:. Lulu.com.
696:
689:
677:
665:
653:
644:
639:
534:
522:
515:Viking Press
496:
493:Byron Haskin
478:
468:
462:
441:
439:
427:
409:
392:
390:
384:
376:
368:
364:
360:
352:
344:
338:
323:
301:tuberculosis
293:Oberleutnant
292:
270:
261:
239:
225:
221:
211:
204:
161:
153:Lower Styria
130:
121:space flight
117:astronautics
108:
101:
100:
83:(1929-08-27)
903:1929 deaths
898:1892 births
778:introducing
594:, Slovenia.
552:Streets in
345:Achs-Körper
273:World War I
224:, "order";
214:German-like
892:Categories
786:March 2008
761:references
631:References
489:George Pal
127:Early life
55:1892-12-22
558:Ljubljana
537:pneumonia
521:'s movie
507:Willy Ley
503:Collier's
381:stairwell
343:(Legend:
220:(German:
178:(born in
106:pseudonym
854:Archived
839:Archived
732:. p.60
609:See also
578:Asteroid
517:. ) and
357:elevator
157:Slovenia
774:improve
592:Vitanje
541:Austria
491:'s and
463:Wohnrad
412:Russian
373:airlock
359:shaft.
341:(1929).
307:in the
277:Galicia
271:During
264:) near
258:Mödling
250:Moravia
246:Hranice
242:Fischau
230:Slovene
226:ordunga
222:Ordnung
207:Maribor
198:in the
196:general
180:Vitanje
176:Maribor
149:Slovene
145:Croatia
93:Austria
763:, but
736:
728:
704:
547:Legacy
397:Berlin
351:body.
285:Bosnia
281:Serbia
266:Vienna
137:Istria
89:Vienna
531:Death
218:chaos
172:Czech
155:(now
734:ISBN
726:ISBN
702:ISBN
556:and
554:Graz
509:and
420:NASA
349:axle
297:Soča
283:and
244:and
133:Pula
78:Died
63:Pola
49:Born
495:'s
395:in
256:in
248:in
228:in
159:).
135:),
894::
383:.
379::
375:.
371::
355::
347::
279:,
202:.
91:,
69:,
65:,
799:)
793:(
788:)
784:(
770:.
710:.
369:S
361:K
291:(
104:(
57:)
53:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
