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Herbert A. Hauptman

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of which he was research director in 1972. During the early years of this period he formulated the neighborhood principle and extension concept. These theories were further developed during the following decades.
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in X-ray crystallography. Their 1953 monograph, "Solution of the Phase Problem I. The Centrosymmetric Crystal", contained the main ideas, the most important of which was the introduction of
2542: 338: 2587: 260:, the oldest child of Leah (Rosenfeld) and Israel Hauptman. He was married to Edith Citrynell since November 10, 1940, with two daughters, Barbara (1947) and Carol (1950). 365:
Hauptman has authored over 170 publications, including journal articles, research papers, chapters and books. In 1970, Hauptman joined the crystallographic group of the
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as well as research professor in the department of biophysical sciences and adjunct professor in the department of computer science at the
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Board of Science Advisors, The Buffalo International Film Festival, Buffalo, NY, United States
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University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences
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and opened a new era in research in determination of molecular structures of
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Schoellkopf Award, American Chemical Society (Western New York Chapter) 1986
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President of the Association of Independent Research Institutes, 1979–1980
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Pergament: A PBS portrait of Buffalo's Nobel winner Herbert Hauptman
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Establishment of the Eccles-Hauptman Student Award, SUNY in 1987
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Scientific Research Society of America, Pure Science Award,
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International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
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Dr. Herbert Hauptman, Nobel Prize winner, is dead at 94
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and mathematics from an early age which he pursued at
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Citizen of the Year Award, Buffalo Evening News, 1986
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Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
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In 1970 he joined the crystallographic group of the
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He received his B.S. from 330:methods through a development of the 2618:Mathematicians from New York (state) 2553:21st-century American mathematicians 2548:20th-century American mathematicians 692:"Herbert A. Hauptman – Biographical" 585:Grimes, William (October 24, 2011). 445:University of Maryland, College Park 396: 391:University of Maryland, College Park 300:University of Maryland, College Park 110:University of Maryland, College Park 419:Philosophical Society of Washington 13: 2608:Townsend Harris High School alumni 16:American mathematician (1917–2011) 14: 2634: 830: 698:. Stockholm: Nobel Media AB. 2020 486:Humanist Laureate Award from the 302:. He received his Ph.D. from the 234:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 1122: 2603:City College of New York alumni 821:American Academy of Achievement 805: 468:American Academy of Achievement 129: 781: 751: 736: 684: 646: 606:"Herbert Hauptman (1917–2011)" 597: 567:List of Jewish Nobel laureates 1: 572: 403:Belden Prize in Mathematics, 339:Medical Foundation of Buffalo 2533:Nobel laureates in Chemistry 763:Humanism and Its Aspirations 604:Giacovazzo, Carmelo (2011). 542:Queen's University, Kingston 531:Technical University of Lodz 481:National Academy of Sciences 7: 560: 269:Townsend Harris High School 10: 2639: 2593:American physical chemists 2563:Jewish American scientists 466:Golden Plate Award of the 443:Honorary degrees from the 2440: 2421: 2396: 2377: 2358: 2334: 2309: 1928: 1629: 1370: 1131: 1120: 911: 789:"Herbert Hauptman, Ph.D." 500:Honorary degree from the 493:Honorary degree from the 412:Naval Research Laboratory 379:Naval Research Laboratory 288:Naval Research Laboratory 203: 189: 179: 172: 147: 139: 116: 87: 68: 42: 30: 23: 2573:Jewish American atheists 2538:American Nobel laureates 2046:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan 1325:Wendell Meredith Stanley 905:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 792:jewishbuffalohistory.org 460:Norton Medal, SUNY, 1986 434:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 405:City College of New York 383:City College of New York 360: 273:City College of New York 242:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 152:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 92:City College of New York 473:Cooke Award, SUNY, 1987 247: 240:recipients of the 1985 2583:Jewish Nobel laureates 2446:Nobel Prize recipients 2398:Physiology or Medicine 2210:Emmanuelle Charpentier 2198:M. Stanley Whittingham 1169:Hans von Euler-Chelpin 858:June 20, 2008, at the 670:Jewish virtual library 547:Honorary degree from 304:University of Maryland 226:crystallized materials 210:Herbert Aaron Hauptman 47:Herbert Aaron Hauptman 1580:Christian B. Anfinsen 1220:FrĂ©dĂ©ric Joliot-Curie 540:Honorary degree from 529:Honorary degree from 522:Honorary degree from 511:Honorary degree from 450:Honorary degree from 436:, 1985 (jointly with 375:University at Buffalo 320:X-ray crystallography 271:, graduated from the 263:He was interested in 236:to name Hauptman and 198:University at Buffalo 2406:Michael Stuart Brown 2242:Karl Barry Sharpless 1739:Dudley R. Herschbach 1564:Luis Federico Leloir 252:He was born in to a 228:. Today, Hauptman's 2412:Joseph L. Goldstein 2319:Herbert A. Hauptman 2234:Carolyn R. Bertozzi 2146:Jean-Pierre Sauvage 1883:Jens Christian Skou 1851:F. Sherwood Rowland 1763:Charles J. Pedersen 1727:Herbert A. Hauptman 1420:Vincent du Vigneaud 1037:Richard Willstätter 921:Jacobus van 't Hoff 837:Herbert A. Hauptman 817:www.achievement.org 724:on February 1, 2014 622:2011Natur.479..300G 524:Columbia University 513:Bar-Ilan University 495:University of Parma 389:and Ph.D. from the 387:Columbia University 277:Columbia University 101:Columbia University 25:Herbert A. Hauptman 2387:Klaus von Klitzing 2194:John B. Goodenough 2122:William E. Moerner 2002:Richard R. Schrock 1974:Roderick MacKinnon 1946:K. Barry Sharpless 1771:Johann Deisenhofer 1600:Geoffrey Wilkinson 1596:Ernst Otto Fischer 1520:Robert S. Mulliken 1456:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂ˝ 1404:Hermann Staudinger 1224:Irène Joliot-Curie 839:on Nobelprize.org 769:on October 5, 2012 665:"Herbert Hauptman" 591:The New York Times 502:D'Youville College 355:Humanist Manifesto 312:physical chemistry 2613:Secular humanists 2578:American atheists 2510: 2509: 2431:Franco Modigliani 2423:Economic Sciences 2267: 2266: 2250:Moungi G. Bawendi 2170:Richard Henderson 2014:Roger D. Kornberg 1982:Aaron Ciechanover 1815:Rudolph A. Marcus 1719:Robert Merrifield 1655:Peter D. Mitchell 1428:Cyril Hinshelwood 1189:Friedrich Bergius 1113:Richard Zsigmondy 1029:Theodore Richards 977:Ernest Rutherford 759:"Notable Signers" 553:Buffalo, New York 506:Buffalo, New York 397:Awards and titles 207: 206: 174:Scientific career 80:Buffalo, New York 57:February 14, 1917 2630: 2448: 2294: 2287: 2280: 2271: 2270: 2260: 2258:Alexei I. Ekimov 2244: 2238:Morten P. Meldal 2228: 2216: 2204: 2188: 2172: 2162:Jacques Dubochet 2156: 2140: 2124: 2108: 2092: 2086:Robert Lefkowitz 2080: 2072: 2056: 2050:Thomas A. Steitz 2040: 2024: 2016: 2008: 1998:Robert H. Grubbs 1992: 1976: 1964: 1948: 1921: 1919:Hideki Shirakawa 1905: 1897: 1885: 1869: 1853: 1837: 1829: 1817: 1809: 1807:Richard R. Ernst 1801: 1793: 1781: 1765: 1749: 1733: 1721: 1713: 1705: 1697: 1685: 1683:Frederick Sanger 1669: 1663:Herbert C. Brown 1657: 1649: 1641: 1639:William Lipscomb 1622: 1610: 1602: 1590: 1574: 1572:Gerhard Herzberg 1566: 1558: 1546: 1538: 1522: 1514: 1506: 1498: 1486: 1474: 1466: 1458: 1450: 1448:Frederick Sanger 1442: 1434: 1432:Nikolay Semyonov 1422: 1414: 1406: 1398: 1386: 1384:Glenn T. Seaborg 1363: 1351: 1343: 1335: 1327: 1311: 1309:Artturi Virtanen 1303: 1295: 1293:George de Hevesy 1287: 1286: 1280: 1279: 1273: 1272: 1266: 1254: 1246: 1234: 1226: 1214: 1206: 1205: 1199: 1191: 1179: 1171: 1159: 1151: 1149:Heinrich Wieland 1143: 1141:Theodor Svedberg 1126: 1125: 1115: 1107: 1106: 1100: 1092: 1084: 1076: 1068: 1067: 1061: 1053: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1039: 1031: 1023: 1015: 1003: 995: 987: 979: 971: 963: 955: 953:Adolf von Baeyer 947: 939: 937:Svante Arrhenius 931: 923: 894: 887: 880: 871: 870: 848:Dr Hauptman's CV 844: 825: 824: 809: 803: 802: 800: 798: 785: 779: 778: 776: 774: 755: 749: 740: 734: 733: 731: 729: 714: 708: 707: 705: 703: 688: 682: 681: 679: 677: 661: 655: 650: 644: 643: 633: 601: 595: 594: 582: 544:, Canada in 1993 479:Election to the 351:secular humanist 292:Washington, D.C. 168: 164:UNSW Dirac Medal 156: 133: 131: 75: 72:October 23, 2011 56: 54: 37:Hauptman in 2009 35: 21: 20: 2638: 2637: 2633: 2632: 2631: 2629: 2628: 2627: 2568:Jewish chemists 2513: 2512: 2511: 2506: 2444: 2436: 2417: 2414:(United States) 2408:(United States) 2392: 2373: 2370:(United States) 2354: 2330: 2327:(United States) 2321:(United States) 2305: 2298: 2268: 2263: 2247: 2231: 2222:David MacMillan 2219: 2214:Jennifer Doudna 2207: 2191: 2175: 2159: 2150:Fraser Stoddart 2143: 2134:Paul L. Modrich 2127: 2111: 2095: 2083: 2075: 2070:Ei-ichi Negishi 2062:Richard F. Heck 2059: 2043: 2030:Osamu Shimomura 2027: 2019: 2011: 1995: 1979: 1967: 1951: 1938:William Knowles 1935: 1924: 1915:Alan MacDiarmid 1908: 1900: 1888: 1872: 1867:Richard Smalley 1856: 1843:Paul J. Crutzen 1840: 1832: 1820: 1812: 1804: 1796: 1784: 1768: 1759:Jean-Marie Lehn 1752: 1736: 1724: 1716: 1708: 1700: 1688: 1672: 1660: 1652: 1644: 1636: 1625: 1620:Vladimir Prelog 1613: 1605: 1593: 1577: 1569: 1561: 1549: 1541: 1525: 1517: 1512:Robert Woodward 1509: 1504:Dorothy Hodgkin 1501: 1489: 1477: 1469: 1461: 1453: 1445: 1437: 1425: 1417: 1409: 1401: 1389: 1377: 1366: 1354: 1349:William Giauque 1346: 1338: 1333:Robert Robinson 1330: 1317:James B. Sumner 1314: 1306: 1298: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1277: 1276: 1270: 1269: 1264:Leopold RuĹľiÄŤka 1260:Adolf Butenandt 1257: 1249: 1237: 1229: 1217: 1209: 1203: 1202: 1197:Irving Langmuir 1194: 1182: 1174: 1162: 1154: 1146: 1138: 1127: 1123: 1118: 1110: 1104: 1103: 1095: 1087: 1082:Frederick Soddy 1079: 1071: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1050: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1034: 1026: 1018: 1009:Victor Grignard 1006: 998: 990: 985:Wilhelm Ostwald 982: 974: 966: 958: 950: 942: 934: 926: 918: 907: 898: 860:Wayback Machine 833: 828: 811: 810: 806: 796: 794: 787: 786: 782: 772: 770: 757: 756: 752: 741: 737: 727: 725: 716: 715: 711: 701: 699: 690: 689: 685: 675: 673: 663: 662: 658: 651: 647: 631:10.1038/479300a 602: 598: 583: 579: 575: 563: 558: 549:SUNY at Buffalo 497:, Italy in 1989 399: 363: 345:In 2003, as an 298:program at the 250: 196: 166: 162: 154: 135: 132: 1940) 127: 123: 122:Edith Citrynell 108: 99: 88:Alma mater 83: 77: 73: 64: 58: 52: 50: 49: 48: 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2636: 2626: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2595: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2508: 2507: 2505: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2441: 2438: 2437: 2435: 2434: 2427: 2425: 2419: 2418: 2416: 2415: 2409: 2402: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2391: 2390: 2383: 2381: 2375: 2374: 2372: 2371: 2364: 2362: 2356: 2355: 2353: 2352: 2345: 2343: 2332: 2331: 2329: 2328: 2322: 2315: 2313: 2307: 2306: 2297: 2296: 2289: 2282: 2274: 2265: 2264: 2262: 2261: 2245: 2229: 2217: 2205: 2189: 2182:Gregory Winter 2178:Frances Arnold 2173: 2157: 2141: 2125: 2109: 2102:Michael Levitt 2098:Martin Karplus 2093: 2081: 2073: 2057: 2041: 2038:Roger Y. 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Boyer 1871: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1836: 1831: 1828: 1827:Michael Smith 1824: 1819: 1816: 1811: 1808: 1803: 1800: 1795: 1792: 1788: 1787:Sidney Altman 1783: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1767: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1723: 1720: 1715: 1712: 1707: 1704: 1699: 1696: 1692: 1691:Kenichi Fukui 1687: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1668: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1651: 1648: 1643: 1640: 1635: 1634: 1632: 1628: 1621: 1617: 1612: 1609: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1589: 1588:William Stein 1585: 1581: 1576: 1573: 1568: 1565: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1545: 1540: 1537: 1536:George Porter 1533: 1529: 1528:Manfred Eigen 1524: 1521: 1516: 1513: 1508: 1505: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1476: 1473: 1472:Melvin Calvin 1468: 1465: 1464:Willard Libby 1460: 1457: 1452: 1449: 1444: 1441: 1436: 1433: 1429: 1424: 1421: 1416: 1413: 1412:Linus Pauling 1408: 1405: 1400: 1397: 1396:Richard Synge 1393: 1392:Archer Martin 1388: 1385: 1381: 1376: 1375: 1373: 1369: 1362: 1358: 1353: 1350: 1345: 1342: 1341:Arne Tiselius 1337: 1334: 1329: 1326: 1322: 1321:John Northrop 1318: 1313: 1310: 1305: 1302: 1297: 1294: 1289: 1282: 1275: 1268: 1265: 1261: 1256: 1253: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1236: 1233: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1213: 1208: 1201: 1198: 1193: 1190: 1186: 1181: 1178: 1173: 1170: 1166: 1165:Arthur Harden 1161: 1158: 1157:Adolf Windaus 1153: 1150: 1145: 1142: 1137: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1114: 1109: 1102: 1099: 1094: 1091: 1090:Francis Aston 1086: 1083: 1078: 1075: 1070: 1063: 1060: 1055: 1048: 1041: 1038: 1033: 1030: 1025: 1022: 1021:Alfred Werner 1017: 1014: 1013:Paul Sabatier 1010: 1005: 1002: 997: 994: 989: 986: 981: 978: 973: 970: 965: 962: 961:Henri Moissan 957: 954: 949: 946: 941: 938: 933: 930: 925: 922: 917: 916: 914: 910: 906: 902: 895: 890: 888: 883: 881: 876: 875: 872: 866: 863: 861: 857: 854: 851: 849: 846: 843: 838: 835: 834: 822: 818: 814: 808: 793: 790: 784: 768: 764: 760: 754: 748: 745: 744:The Telegraph 739: 723: 719: 713: 697: 693: 687: 672: 671: 666: 660: 654: 649: 641: 637: 632: 627: 623: 619: 616:(7373): 300. 615: 611: 607: 600: 592: 588: 581: 577: 568: 565: 564: 554: 550: 546: 543: 539: 536: 532: 528: 525: 521: 518: 514: 510: 507: 503: 499: 496: 492: 489: 485: 482: 478: 475: 472: 469: 465: 462: 459: 456: 453: 449: 446: 442: 439: 435: 432: 430: 426: 423: 420: 416: 413: 409: 406: 402: 401: 394: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 358: 356: 352: 348: 343: 340: 335: 333: 329: 328:probabilistic 325: 321: 317: 316:phase problem 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 280: 278: 274: 270: 266: 261: 259: 258:New York City 255: 245: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 215: 214:mathematician 211: 202: 199: 195: 192: 188: 185: 182: 178: 175: 171: 165: 160: 153: 150: 146: 142: 138: 119: 115: 111: 106: 102: 97: 93: 90: 86: 81: 71: 67: 62: 61:New York City 45: 41: 34: 29: 22: 19: 2476: 2349:Claude Simon 2325:Jerome Karle 2318: 2186:George Smith 2066:Akira Suzuki 2022:Gerhard Ertl 2006:Yves Chauvin 1954:John B. Fenn 1942:Ryoji Noyori 1929:2001–present 1903:Ahmed Zewail 1863:Harold Kroto 1847:Mario Molina 1775:Robert Huber 1747:John Polanyi 1731:Jerome Karle 1726: 1667:Georg Wittig 1552:Derek Barton 1544:Lars Onsager 1496:Giulio Natta 1492:Karl Ziegler 1484:John Kendrew 1252:Richard Kuhn 1177:Hans Fischer 993:Otto Wallach 929:Emil Fischer 816: 807: 795:. Retrieved 791: 783: 771:. Retrieved 767:the original 762: 753: 743: 738: 726:. Retrieved 722:the original 712: 700:. Retrieved 695: 686: 674:. Retrieved 668: 659: 648: 613: 609: 599: 590: 580: 438:Jerome Karle 385:, M.A. from 364: 344: 336: 284:Jerome Karle 281: 262: 251: 238:Jerome Karle 209: 208: 190:Institutions 173: 159:Jerome Karle 74:(2011-10-23) 18: 2528:2011 deaths 2523:1917 births 2302:Nobel Prize 2154:Ben Feringa 2138:Aziz Sancar 2118:Stefan Hell 2114:Eric Betzig 1891:Walter Kohn 1859:Robert Curl 1835:George Olah 1823:Kary Mullis 1799:Elias Corey 1791:Thomas Cech 1743:Yuan T. Lee 1711:Henry Taube 1244:Paul Karrer 1232:Peter Debye 1212:Harold Urey 1098:Fritz Pregl 1059:Fritz Haber 1001:Marie Curie 728:January 17, 676:November 8, 421:, 1969–1970 417:President, 184:Mathematics 2517:Categories 2336:Literature 1990:Irwin Rose 1970:Peter Agre 1895:John Pople 1703:Aaron Klug 1608:Paul Flory 1556:Odd Hassel 1480:Max Perutz 1361:Kurt Alder 1357:Otto Diels 1185:Carl Bosch 797:August 19, 773:October 2, 573:References 256:family in 53:1917-02-14 2389:(Germany) 2311:Chemistry 2304:laureates 1675:Paul Berg 1630:1976–2000 1371:1951–1975 1301:Otto Hahn 1132:1926–1950 912:1901–1925 901:Laureates 702:April 18, 279:in 1939. 222:chemistry 2351:(France) 856:Archived 640:22094683 561:See also 140:Children 2433:(Italy) 2379:Physics 903:of the 618:Bibcode 555:in 2009 537:in 1992 526:in 1990 519:in 1990 508:in 1989 490:in 1988 483:in 1988 454:in 1986 447:in 1985 347:atheist 286:at the 265:science 134:​ 126:​ 2248:2023: 2232:2022: 2220:2021: 2208:2020: 2192:2019: 2176:2018: 2160:2017: 2144:2016: 2128:2015: 2112:2014: 2096:2013: 2084:2012: 2076:2011: 2060:2010: 2044:2009: 2028:2008: 2020:2007: 2012:2006: 1996:2005: 1980:2004: 1968:2003: 1952:2002: 1936:2001: 1909:2000: 1901:1999: 1889:1998: 1873:1997: 1857:1996: 1841:1995: 1833:1994: 1821:1993: 1813:1992: 1805:1991: 1797:1990: 1785:1989: 1769:1988: 1753:1987: 1737:1986: 1725:1985: 1717:1984: 1709:1983: 1701:1982: 1689:1981: 1673:1980: 1661:1979: 1653:1978: 1645:1977: 1637:1976: 1614:1975: 1606:1974: 1594:1973: 1578:1972: 1570:1971: 1562:1970: 1550:1969: 1542:1968: 1526:1967: 1518:1966: 1510:1965: 1502:1964: 1490:1963: 1478:1962: 1470:1961: 1462:1960: 1454:1959: 1446:1958: 1438:1957: 1426:1956: 1418:1955: 1410:1954: 1402:1953: 1390:1952: 1378:1951: 1355:1950: 1347:1949: 1339:1948: 1331:1947: 1315:1946: 1307:1945: 1299:1944: 1291:1943: 1258:1939: 1250:1938: 1238:1937: 1230:1936: 1218:1935: 1210:1934: 1195:1932: 1183:1931: 1175:1930: 1163:1929: 1155:1928: 1147:1927: 1139:1926: 1111:1925: 1096:1923: 1088:1922: 1080:1921: 1072:1920: 1057:1918: 1035:1915: 1027:1914: 1019:1913: 1007:1912: 999:1911: 991:1910: 983:1909: 975:1908: 967:1907: 959:1906: 951:1905: 943:1904: 935:1903: 927:1902: 919:1901: 638:  610:Nature 535:Poland 517:Israel 470:, 1986 414:, 1959 407:, 1936 254:Jewish 180:Fields 167:(1991) 155:(1985) 148:Awards 117:Spouse 82:, U.S. 63:, U.S. 2477:1985 2360:Peace 2300:1985 361:Works 296:Ph.D. 128:( 124: 112:(PhD) 2502:1990 2497:1989 2492:1988 2487:1987 2482:1986 2472:1984 2467:1983 2462:1982 2457:1981 2452:1980 2340:1985 1285:1942 1278:1941 1271:1940 1204:1933 1105:1924 1066:1919 1051:1917 1044:1916 799:2024 775:2012 730:2014 704:2020 678:2013 636:PMID 452:CCNY 349:and 248:Life 216:and 69:Died 43:Born 626:doi 614:479 318:of 290:in 2519:: 2256:/ 2252:/ 2240:/ 2236:/ 2224:/ 2212:/ 2200:/ 2196:/ 2184:/ 2180:/ 2168:/ 2164:/ 2152:/ 2148:/ 2136:/ 2132:/ 2120:/ 2116:/ 2104:/ 2100:/ 2088:/ 2068:/ 2064:/ 2052:/ 2048:/ 2036:/ 2032:/ 2004:/ 2000:/ 1988:/ 1984:/ 1972:/ 1960:/ 1956:/ 1944:/ 1940:/ 1917:/ 1913:/ 1893:/ 1881:/ 1877:/ 1865:/ 1861:/ 1849:/ 1845:/ 1825:/ 1789:/ 1777:/ 1773:/ 1761:/ 1757:/ 1745:/ 1741:/ 1729:/ 1693:/ 1681:/ 1677:/ 1665:/ 1618:/ 1598:/ 1586:/ 1582:/ 1554:/ 1534:/ 1530:/ 1494:/ 1482:/ 1430:/ 1394:/ 1382:/ 1359:/ 1323:/ 1319:/ 1262:/ 1242:/ 1222:/ 1187:/ 1167:/ 1011:/ 819:. 815:. 761:. 746:. 694:. 667:. 634:. 624:. 612:. 608:. 589:. 551:, 533:, 515:, 504:, 393:. 357:. 334:. 244:. 130:m. 105:MA 96:BS 2342:) 2338:( 2293:e 2286:t 2279:v 893:e 886:t 879:v 823:. 801:. 777:. 732:. 706:. 680:. 642:. 628:: 620:: 593:. 440:) 161:) 143:2 107:) 103:( 98:) 94:( 55:) 51:(

Index


New York City
Buffalo, New York
City College of New York
BS
Columbia University
MA
University of Maryland, College Park
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Jerome Karle
UNSW Dirac Medal
Mathematics
Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute
University at Buffalo
mathematician
Nobel laureate
chemistry
crystallized materials
direct methods
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Jerome Karle
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Jewish
New York City
science
Townsend Harris High School
City College of New York
Columbia University
Jerome Karle
Naval Research Laboratory

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