258:
328:
132:
463:, while scenes are usually given a deftly evocative Scottish setting which can only have come from close connection and observation. This detailed, intimate and realistic approach, at times, strongly suggests matters of personal experience and attitudes to actual contemporary events, yet the specifics remain elusive in ways that tantalise readers and critics. Some of this sense of intrigue may be in part accidental, but it is also heightened by his cannily controlled application of a philosophy of fiction, a frequently self-proclaimed feature of the work.
153:
116:
1186:
33:
1172:
1308:
1336:
1114:
Scottish
Academic Press, p.1.) McDiarmid's first chapter goes on to develop a surprisingly full speculative picture of the poet's life gleaned from evidence in his poetry, secondary historical evidence for the period and the surviving citations of his name in an extremely broken
265:
There is no record of when or where
Henryson was born or educated. The earliest found unconfirmed reference to him occurs on 10 September 1462, when a man of his name with license to teach is on record as having taken a post in the recently founded
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
600:
593:
586:
1301:
301:. Direct unconfirmed evidence for this connection occurs in 1478 when his name appears as a witness on abbey charters. If this was the poet, then it would establish that one of his functions was as
347:
directly linked to the abbey complex. There is no record of
Henryson as a court poet, but the close proximity makes acquaintance with the royal household likely. He was active during the reigns of
1350:
1315:
1357:
419:
Almost nothing else is known of
Henryson outside of his surviving writing. It is not known if he originated from Dunfermline and a suggestion that he may have been linked to the
208:'s Troilus and Criseyde. Emily Wingfield has explored its significance in relation to the deployment of the Trojan Legend in political discourse between England and Scotland.
1403:
1424:
1410:
1869:
1417:
1110:"Certainly the present writer would like to know more about Robert Henryson as he lived outside his verse than about any other Scots poet." (McDiarmid, M.P. 1981:
1445:
1245:
1438:
771:
727:
241:
Constructing a sure chronology for
Henryson's writings is not possible, but his Orpheus story may have been written earlier in his career, during his time in
1473:
1466:
1287:
1459:
683:
985:
The scholar John MacQueen contextualises this record of the poet as a notary in
Scotland against the Act of 1469 which gave James III power to appoint
955:
These are all posthumous references, such as on the title pages of the early printed editions of his work that started to appear after his lifetime.
1452:
1431:
1879:
763:
756:
748:
740:
733:
719:
712:
704:
696:
689:
1094:
946:
of
Decreits (Canon Law), as a member of the University. It is considered strongly likely, from secondary evidence, that this was the poet.
1294:
88:
and renaissance sensibilities. Little is known of his life, but evidence suggests that he was a teacher who had training in law and the
1389:
558:
185:
1270:
548:
308:
The almost universal references to
Henryson as schoolmaster are usually taken to mean that he taught in and had some duty to run the
174:
281:
Almost all early references to
Henryson firmly associate his name with Dunfermline. He probably had some attachment to the city's
245:, since one of its principal sources was contained in the university library. Internal evidence has been used to suggest that the
1204:
1507:
514:
in 2010. The poems were made into a series of short, animated films, shortly before he died. Heaney worked with
Scottish actor
522:. The films were broadcast on the BBC in 2014, shortly after Heaney's death - one of the last creations of Heaney's life.
1819:
1014:
The title page of the 1570 edition of Henryson's Fables, for instance, refers to the poet as "scholemaister of Dunfermeling".
922:
873:
1884:
1864:
1343:
443:
voice using a familiar tone that quickly brings the reader into his confidence and gives a notable impression of authentic
298:
374:
as the cause of death, but this has not been established. The year of death also is unknown, although c.1498-9, a time of
159:
from a 17th-century engraving which gives a more complete impression of the original building complex than survives today.
1753:
1627:
1322:
444:
257:
1138:
1773:
1252:
676:
in genre. The three titles given with bold numbers provide evidence for the integral unity of the overall structure.
1280:
1069:
is a further indication that the poet was indeed the university-educated Henryson associated with Glasgow University.
994:
852:
838:
824:
806:
792:
1874:
1124:
890:
309:
327:
1889:
1682:
270:. If this was the poet, as is usually assumed, then the citation indicates that he had completed studies in both
324:" (as master of grammar) and "scholars" in Dunfermline, including "poor scholars being taught free of charge".
131:
261:
Leuven's University Library in 1915, illustrating just one of the ways in which historical records can be lost.
183:
that runs just short of 3000 lines. Two other long works survive, both a little over 600 lines each. One is
1329:
1208:
321:
305:
for the abbey, an institution which possessed and managed a vast portfolio of territory across Scotland.
1854:
1824:
1080:
466:
No concrete details of his life can be directly inferred from his works, but there are some passages of
1687:
1672:
1606:
1500:
530:
All known and extant writings attributed to Robert Henryson are listed here. In addition, the scholar
1382:
1364:
565:
401:
286:
1043:
which quotes Kynaston's general thoughts on Henryson and the "merry, though somewhat unsauory tale".
1667:
136:
17:
1859:
1723:
1611:
816:
519:
470:
that appear to contain autobiographical implications, particularly in the opening stanzas of his
451:. The writing stays rooted in daily life and continues to feel grounded even when the themes are
1849:
1718:
1647:
440:
412:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1632:
1581:
1493:
467:
348:
196:
97:
1763:
1738:
943:
352:
290:
230:
devotion, some allegorical works, some philosophical meditations, and a prayer against the
81:
1040:
8:
1783:
1748:
1703:
1540:
1530:
227:
1225:
226:
which targets the medical practises of his day, a highly crafted and compressed poem of
200:, a tale of moral and psychological subtlety in a tragic mode founded upon the literary
1844:
1657:
1545:
990:
885:
669:
344:
313:
267:
242:
172:
and around twelve miscellaneous short works in various genres. The longest poem is his
490:
languages for literature in many parts of Europe was increasingly taking the place of
302:
63:) was a poet who flourished in Scotland in the period c. 1460–1500. Counted among the
1652:
1550:
1396:
1238:
969:
918:
869:
848:
834:
820:
802:
788:
579:
531:
320:
of 1468 which granted provision to build a "suitable" house for the habitation of a "
213:
180:
156:
93:
1758:
1743:
1708:
1601:
379:
375:
367:
205:
152:
109:
1677:
1555:
1191:
986:
518:
in the production of the works, with a score composed for the project by pianist
511:
145:
1798:
1733:
1728:
1662:
1642:
1637:
1586:
1101:
Oliver and Boyd, chapter 2, for appraisals of Henryson's descriptive technique.
515:
424:
359:
231:
115:
105:
64:
48:(south). Dunfermline is close to the principal crossing point on the Fife side.
37:
139:
which purports to imagine Henryson; more strictly speaking, the image depicts
1813:
1596:
1591:
1177:
998:
507:
495:
383:
1788:
1713:
483:
456:
101:
89:
56:
668:
Seven of the stories in Henryson's cycle are Aesopian fables derived from
1571:
455:
or elements are fantastic. His language is a supple, flowing and concise
452:
428:
340:
316:. A partial picture of what this meant in practice may be derived from a
282:
219:
85:
77:
73:
1003:
Complete and Full with Numbers: the Narrative Poetry of Robert Henryson,
378:
in the burgh, has been tentatively suggested. However, Dunbar gives the
1793:
939:
487:
363:
371:
275:
234:. As with his longer works, his outward themes often carry important
169:
32:
964:
The dates are 18 and 19 March and 6 July 1478 and the signature is
895:
179:
a tight, intricately structured set of thirteen fable stories in a
45:
1230:
993:
and the consequent expulsion of notaries appointed by the Emperor
1535:
673:
448:
235:
223:
201:
191:
1171:
1485:
534:
identified from an index a lost poem by Henryson which began:
1516:
1199:
491:
460:
343:
with capital status, was routinely visited by the court with
140:
68:
1309:
The Parliament of the fourfuttit Beistis haldin be the Lyoun
96:
and that he may also have been associated for a period with
938:
II, 69, dated 10 September 1462, admits a Robert Henryson,
420:
271:
120:
112:. His surviving body of work amounts to almost 5000 lines.
41:
427:
is not possible to verify, although his name is certainly
1026:
dated 26 November 1468. Published in Kirk, J. ed. 1997:
486:
of the 15th century. This was in an age when the use of
222:
on a theme of love, as well as a bawdy passage of comic
1226:
Robert L. Kindrick, 'The Morall Fabillis: Introduction"
382:
in a couplet (usually considered to have been composed
1028:
Calendar of Scottish Supplications to Rome: 1447–1471,
553:(See below for list of individual fables in the cycle)
331:
Abbot House Window, Dunfermline, depicting Henryson's
510:
adapted Henryson's fables and they were published by
1288:
The Taill of the Uponlandis Mous and the Burges Mous
1167:
355:, both of whom had strong interests in literature.
672:texts, while the other six (given in italics) are
285:abbey, the burial place for many of the kingdom's
915:The Trojan Legend in Medieval Scottish Literature
866:The Trojan Legend in Medieval Scottish Literature
84:at a time when the culture was on a cusp between
1870:People associated with the University of Glasgow
1811:
1337:The Taill of the Foxe, the Wolf and the Cadgear
211:The range of Henryson's shorter works includes
989:over and above the rights of the Pope and the
1501:
1246:
168:Henryson's surviving canon consists of three
1295:The Taill of Schir Chanticleir and the Foxe
1508:
1494:
1253:
1239:
1211:contains the following works by Henryson:
966:Magistro Roberto Henrison publico notario.
861:, The Robert Henryson Society, Dunfermline
559:The Tale of Orpheus and Erudices his Quene
252:
204:of "completing" Criseyde's story-arc from
186:The Tale of Orpheus and Erudices his Quene
549:The Morall Fabillis of Esope the Phrygian
190:his dynamic and inventive version of the
370:in the early 17th century refers to the
326:
256:
151:
130:
114:
31:
1081:The Poems and Fables of Robert Henryson
901:
14:
1880:Alumni of the University of St Andrews
1812:
1489:
1365:The Tale of the Paddock and the Mouse
1234:
1099:The Scottish Tradition in Literature,
386:1505) which simply states that Death
1351:The Taill of the Wolf and the Wedder
1344:The Fox, the Wolf and the Husbandman
1316:The Taill of the Scheip and the Doig
1144:, published by Faber and Faber, 2010
663:
1774:Makar or National Poet for Scotland
1467:The Ressoning Betwix Aige and Yowth
1323:The Taill of the Lyoun and the Mous
1260:
749:The Fox the Wolf and the Husbandman
650:The Ressoning Betwix Aige and Yowth
477:
362:, Henryson died in Dunfermline. An
24:
1358:The Taill of the Wolf and the Lamb
80:and is a distinctive voice in the
27:15th-century Scottish makar (poet)
25:
1901:
1474:The Ressoning Betwix Deth and Man
1281:The Taill of the Cok and the Jasp
1163:
845:Selected Poems by Robert Henryson
657:The Ressoning Betwix Deth and Man
108:. His writing consists mainly of
1515:
1200:Robert Henryson Society homepage
1184:
1170:
1005:Rodopi, Amsterdam, pp.10 and 12.
891:Scotland in the Late Middle Ages
886:Scotland's Education Act of 1496
536:On fut by Forth as I couth found
434:
293:close to a major ferry-crossing
249:were composed during the 1480s.
92:, that he had a connection with
1205:The Chepman & Myllar Prints
1147:
1132:
1118:
1104:
1087:
1072:
1059:
1041:Robert L Kindrick, Introduction
1030:Scottish Academic Press. p.396.
799:Robert Henryson: Selected Poems
777:
741:The Fox the Wolf and the Cadger
525:
1046:
1033:
1017:
1008:
979:
958:
949:
928:
907:
811:McDiarmid, Matthew P. (1981),
572:
439:Henryson generally wrote in a
13:
1:
1056:Scottish Academic Press, p.12
976:Scottish Academic Press, p.3.
857:Fleming, Morna (ed.) (2003),
797:Barron, W.R.J. (ed.) (1981),
541:
100:. His poetry was composed in
1820:Scottish Renaissance writers
1330:The Preiching of the Swallow
1209:National Library of Scotland
1157:Scottish Academic Press, p.4
843:David Murison (ed.) (1989),
831:The Poems of Robert Henryson
734:The Preaching of the Swallow
289:and an important centre for
104:at a time when this was the
7:
1885:15th-century Scottish poets
1865:People associated with Fife
1697:18th century – 20th century
934:The University of Glasgow,
879:
459:that clearly shows he knew
143:as portrayed in Henryson's
10:
1906:
1688:John Stewart of Baldynneis
1673:Robert Sempill the younger
1607:John Stewart of Baldynneis
1302:The Confessioun of the Tod
1052:See McDiarmid, M.P. 1981:
917:, D.S. Brewer, Cambridge,
829:Fox, Denton (ed.) (1981),
396:(has whispered in private)
366:story by the English poet
1772:
1696:
1620:
1564:
1523:
1425:The Garment of Gud Ladeis
1411:Sum Practysis of Medecyne
1383:The Testament of Cresseid
1374:
1268:
913:Wingfield, Emily (2014),
864:Wingfield, Emily (2014),
772:The Paddock and the Mouse
705:The Confession of the Tod
608:The Garment of Gud Ladeis
587:Sum Practysis of Medecyne
566:The Testament of Cresseid
501:
482:Henryson wrote using the
194:story. The other is his
163:
1875:People from Dunfermline
1724:Alicia Ann Spottiswoode
1418:Ane Prayer for the Pest
1207:digital edition at the
847:, The Saltire Society,
817:Scottish Academic Press
757:The Wolf and the Wether
601:Ane Prayer for the Pest
494:, the long-established
253:Biographical inferences
1890:15th-century educators
1719:Robert Louis Stevenson
1621:c. 1560 – 17th century
1446:Against Hasty Credence
1153:McDiarmid, M.P. 1981:
859:The Flouer o Makarheid
783:Gray, Douglas (1979),
728:The Lion and the Mouse
629:Against Hasty Credence
498:across the continent.
413:Lament for the Makaris
358:According to the poet
336:
262:
160:
149:
128:
49:
1633:Alexander Montgomerie
801:, Carcanet New Press
764:The Wolf and the Lamb
720:The Sheep and the Dog
684:The Cock and the Jasp
472:Testament of Cresseid
330:
268:University of Glasgow
260:
197:Testament of Cresseid
155:
134:
118:
35:
1739:Sydney Goodsir Smith
1439:The Thre Deid-Pollis
1390:Orpheus and Erudices
1220:The Want of Wise Men
1217:Orpheus and Eurydice
1078:Laing, David (1865)
902:Notes and references
713:The Trial of the Tod
697:The Cock and the Fox
622:The Thre Deid-Pollis
538:(not listed below).
82:Northern Renaissance
1749:George Campbell Hay
1271:The Morall Fabillis
833:, Clarendon Press,
532:Matthew P McDiarmid
1855:Scottish educators
1825:Middle Scots poets
1658:Elizabeth Melville
991:Holy Roman Emperor
339:Dunfermline, as a
337:
333:Lion and the Mouse
312:for Dunfermline's
263:
161:
150:
129:
98:Glasgow University
72:, he lived in the
50:
1807:
1806:
1653:Christian Lindsay
1565:c. 1460 – c. 1560
1551:Andrew of Wyntoun
1524:c. 1370 – c. 1460
1483:
1482:
1460:The Praise of Age
1397:Robene and Makyne
1214:The Praise of Age
923:978-1-84384-364-1
874:978-1-84384-364-1
664:Individual fables
643:The Praise of Age
580:Robene and Makyne
410:(William Dunbar,
394:...hes done roune
214:Robene and Makyne
157:Dunfermline Abbey
125:Dunfermline Abbey
94:Dunfermline Abbey
16:(Redirected from
1897:
1759:Hamish Henderson
1709:Robert Fergusson
1683:William Drummond
1602:Richard Maitland
1510:
1503:
1496:
1487:
1486:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1158:
1155:Robert Henryson,
1151:
1145:
1136:
1130:
1122:
1116:
1112:Robert Henryson,
1108:
1102:
1091:
1085:
1076:
1070:
1063:
1057:
1054:Robert Henryson,
1050:
1044:
1037:
1031:
1021:
1015:
1012:
1006:
983:
977:
974:Robert Henryson,
962:
956:
953:
947:
932:
926:
925:, pp. 121 - 149.
911:
478:Henryson's Scots
404:Robert Henrysoun
388:in Dunfermelyne
380:terminus ad quem
368:Francis Kynaston
61:Robert Henrysoun
44:(north) and the
40:which separates
21:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1776:
1768:
1754:Alexander Scott
1692:
1678:Francis Sempill
1628:Alexander Scott
1616:
1612:William Stewart
1577:Robert Henryson
1560:
1556:Richard Holland
1546:Sir Gilbert Hay
1519:
1514:
1484:
1479:
1404:The Annuciation
1370:
1264:
1262:Robert Henryson
1259:
1192:Scotland portal
1190:
1185:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1166:
1161:
1152:
1148:
1137:
1133:
1125:Seamus Heaney,
1123:
1119:
1109:
1105:
1092:
1088:
1077:
1073:
1064:
1060:
1051:
1047:
1038:
1034:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1009:
987:notaries public
984:
980:
970:McDiarmid, M.P.
963:
959:
954:
950:
933:
929:
912:
908:
904:
882:
868:, D.S. Brewer,
813:Robert Henryson
785:Robert Henryson
780:
670:elegiac Romulus
666:
594:The Annuciation
575:
544:
528:
512:Faber and Faber
504:
480:
468:self-reflection
437:
255:
247:Morall Fabillis
175:Morall Fabillis
166:
146:Morall Fabillis
110:narrative works
53:Robert Henryson
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1903:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1860:Clan Henderson
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1799:Kathleen Jamie
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1734:Robert Garioch
1731:
1729:William Soutar
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:Robert Sempill
1665:
1663:Alexander Hume
1660:
1655:
1650:
1648:William Fowler
1645:
1643:Castalian Band
1640:
1635:
1630:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1587:William Dunbar
1584:
1582:Walter Kennedy
1579:
1574:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1512:
1505:
1498:
1490:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1453:The Abbay Walk
1449:
1442:
1435:
1432:The Bludy Serk
1428:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1276:
1274:
1266:
1265:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1181:
1165:
1164:External links
1162:
1160:
1159:
1146:
1131:
1117:
1103:
1086:
1071:
1058:
1045:
1032:
1016:
1007:
978:
957:
948:
927:
905:
903:
900:
899:
898:
893:
888:
881:
878:
877:
876:
862:
855:
841:
827:
809:
795:
787:, E.J. Brill,
779:
776:
775:
774:
766:
760:
752:
744:
736:
730:
722:
716:
708:
700:
692:
686:
665:
662:
661:
660:
653:
646:
639:
636:The Abbay Walk
632:
625:
618:
615:The Bludy Serk
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
574:
571:
570:
569:
562:
555:
543:
540:
527:
524:
516:Billy Connolly
503:
500:
484:Scots language
479:
476:
436:
433:
425:Clan Henderson
423:branch of the
416:, lines 81–2)
408:
407:
397:
360:William Dunbar
314:abbatial burgh
310:grammar school
254:
251:
165:
162:
106:state language
38:Firth of Forth
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1902:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1850:Lallans poets
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1764:William Neill
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1597:David Lyndsay
1595:
1593:
1592:Gavin Douglas
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1499:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1256:
1251:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1182:
1179:
1178:Poetry portal
1173:
1168:
1156:
1150:
1143:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1113:
1107:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1062:
1055:
1049:
1042:
1036:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1011:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:Frederick III
992:
988:
982:
975:
971:
967:
961:
952:
945:
941:
937:
931:
924:
920:
916:
910:
906:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
875:
871:
867:
863:
860:
856:
854:
853:9780854110100
850:
846:
842:
840:
839:9780198127031
836:
832:
828:
826:
825:0-7073-0306-0
822:
818:
814:
810:
808:
807:9780856353017
804:
800:
796:
794:
793:9789004059177
790:
786:
782:
781:
773:
770:
767:
765:
761:
759:
758:
753:
751:
750:
745:
743:
742:
737:
735:
731:
729:
726:
723:
721:
717:
715:
714:
709:
707:
706:
701:
699:
698:
693:
691:
687:
685:
682:
679:
678:
677:
675:
671:
659:
658:
654:
652:
651:
647:
645:
644:
640:
638:
637:
633:
631:
630:
626:
624:
623:
619:
617:
616:
612:
610:
609:
605:
603:
602:
598:
596:
595:
591:
589:
588:
584:
582:
581:
577:
576:
568:
567:
563:
561:
560:
556:
554:
551:
550:
546:
545:
539:
537:
533:
523:
521:
520:Barry Douglas
517:
513:
509:
508:Seamus Heaney
499:
497:
496:lingua franca
493:
489:
485:
475:
473:
469:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
435:General style
432:
430:
426:
422:
417:
415:
414:
405:
403:
398:
395:
392:
391:
390:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
334:
329:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
279:
277:
273:
269:
259:
250:
248:
244:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
215:
209:
207:
203:
199:
198:
193:
189:
187:
182:
178:
176:
171:
158:
154:
148:
147:
142:
138:
133:
126:
122:
117:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
47:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
1840:1500s deaths
1835:1420s births
1830:Scots Makars
1789:Liz Lochhead
1784:Edwin Morgan
1714:Robert Burns
1704:Allan Ramsay
1576:
1531:John Barbour
1517:Scots makars
1472:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1269:
1261:
1154:
1149:
1140:
1134:
1126:
1120:
1111:
1106:
1098:
1089:
1079:
1074:
1066:
1061:
1053:
1048:
1035:
1027:
1024:Confirmatio,
1023:
1019:
1010:
1002:
999:MacQueen, J.
997:of Germany.
981:
973:
965:
960:
951:
942:in Arts and
935:
930:
914:
909:
865:
858:
844:
830:
812:
798:
784:
778:Bibliography
768:
755:
747:
739:
724:
711:
703:
695:
690:The Twa Mice
680:
667:
655:
648:
641:
634:
627:
620:
613:
606:
599:
592:
585:
578:
564:
557:
552:
547:
535:
529:
526:Extant poems
505:
481:
471:
465:
453:metaphysical
441:first-person
438:
418:
411:
409:
399:
393:
387:
357:
338:
332:
317:
307:
294:
280:
264:
246:
240:
212:
210:
195:
184:
173:
167:
144:
124:
102:Middle Scots
67:
60:
57:Middle Scots
52:
51:
29:
1777:(from 2004)
1572:Blind Harry
1375:Other works
1141:Five Fables
1127:Five Fables
573:Short works
445:personality
429:of that ilk
341:royal burgh
318:confirmatio
283:Benedictine
220:pastourelle
137:Abbot House
78:Dunfermline
74:royal burgh
1814:Categories
1794:Jackie Kay
1095:Wittig, K.
1084:pp. x-xii.
1065:The title
940:licenciate
936:Munimenta,
674:Reynardian
542:Long works
488:vernacular
364:apocryphal
345:residences
299:St Andrews
291:pilgrimage
170:long poems
135:Figure in
90:humanities
1845:Fabulists
1744:Tom Scott
1139:Heaney's
349:James III
276:canon law
121:west door
1638:James VI
944:bachelor
896:Scotsoun
880:See also
353:James IV
295:en route
287:monarchs
236:subtexts
86:medieval
46:Lothians
18:Henryson
1541:James I
1536:Huchoun
1115:record.
1067:maister
449:beliefs
402:Maister
243:Glasgow
224:flyting
206:Chaucer
202:conceit
192:Orpheus
1097:1958:
1001:2006:
972:1981:
921:
872:
851:
837:
823:
805:
791:
502:Legacy
376:plague
322:priest
303:notary
228:Marian
69:makars
506:Poet
492:Latin
461:Latin
457:Scots
400:with
181:cycle
164:Works
141:Aesop
65:Scots
1093:See
1039:See
968:See
919:ISBN
870:ISBN
849:ISBN
835:ISBN
821:ISBN
803:ISBN
789:ISBN
447:and
421:Fife
372:flux
351:and
274:and
272:arts
232:pest
119:The
42:Fife
36:The
762:12
754:11
746:10
738:09
732:08
718:06
710:05
702:04
694:03
688:02
297:to
238:.
123:of
76:of
1816::
819:,
815:,
769:13
725:07
681:01
474:.
431:.
384:c.
278:.
218:a
59::
1509:e
1502:t
1495:v
1254:e
1247:t
1240:v
406:.
335:.
216:,
188:,
177:,
127:.
55:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
