810:. Its flight specifications almost perfectly suited the target design criteria of director T-10, that of an aircraft flying straight and level at constant velocity, in other words a target nicely fitting the computing capabilities of a linear predictor model such as the director T-10. Although the Germans did have a trick up their engineering sleeve by making the bomb fly fast and low to evade radar, a technique widely adopted even today. During the
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476:, the study of which was aided by his now famous plots. In essence, his method made stability transparent to both the time and frequency domains and, furthermore, his frequency-domain-based analysis was much faster and simpler than the traditional time-domain-based method. This provided engineers with a fast and intuitive stability analysis and system design tool that remains widely used today. He, along with
1065:. Using terms easily accessible even to laymen, he analyzed and expanded on technical and philosophical aspects of systems engineering as practised at Bell Labs. He explained how seemingly different fields of Engineering were merging, guided by the necessity of the flow of information between system components that transcended previously well defined boundaries and thus he introduced us to a technological
699:. The velocity was then calculated by taking the difference between the coordinates of the current position and the coordinates of the previous reading that were stored in memory and dividing by the difference of their respective times. This method was more robust than the differentiation method, and it also smoothed out signal disturbances, since the finite time-step size was less sensitive to
1295:, was a special steering committee that was formed with the mandate to coordinate various branches of the Federal government, private companies as well as universities within the United States with NACA's objectives and also harness their expertise in order to develop a space program. Committee members included: Bode and Wernher von Braun the father of the US space program.
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bombs shot down. From July 17 to August 31 the automated gun kills rose to 1286 V-1 rockets, or 34% of the total V-1 number dispatched from
Germany and 50% of the V-1 actually shot down over London. From these statistics it can be seen that the automated systems that Bode helped design had a considerable impact on crucial battles of
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sometimes fluctuated wildly, and this caused erratic motion in the servomechanisms of the gun because their control signal was based on the value of the derivatives. This could be mitigated by smoothing or averaging out the data, but this caused delays in the feedback loop that enabled the target to
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weapon. Its function required to process data that was wirelessly transmitted to its sensors and make a decision based on the data received using its onboard computer about its output defined as its angular position and the timing of its firing mechanism. In this model we can see all the elements of
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Transactions on
Automatic Control, Vol. AC-29, No 3., March 1984, pp. 193â194. Quote: "Something should be said about his name. To his colleagues at Bell Laboratories and the generations of engineers that have followed, the pronunciation is boh-dee. The Bode family preferred that the original Dutch
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origins of his historic invention, saying: "This, I said, was a sort of shotgun marriage forced upon us by the pressures of military problems in World War II." He also described it further as "a sort of 'shotgun marriage' between two incompatible personalities" and characterised the product of
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The radar signal was locked on target, and its data was wirelessly transmitted to a ground receiver that was connected to the artillery servomechanism feedback control system, causing the servo to accurately modify its angular position and maintain it for an optimal amount of time, long enough to
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controlled fuse called the VT, or variable time fuse, enabling a larger detonation reach envelope and increasing the chances of a successful outcome. Between June 18 and July 17, 1944, 343 V-1 bombs were shot down, or 10% of the total V-1 number sent by the
Germans and about 20% of the total V-1
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The automated anti-aircraft guns that Bode helped develop were successfully used in numerous instances during the war. In
February 1944, an automated fire control system based on the earlier version of the director T-15, called the director T-10 by Bell Labs or director M-9 by the military, saw
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T-10, a form of electrical computer so named because it was used to direct the positioning of the gun with respect to the airborne target. It also calculated the target average velocity based on the location information provided by the radar and predicted the future target location based on its
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What do I mean by the culture at Bell Labs? As
Hendrik Wade Bode who wrote a book called Synergy: Technical Integration and Technological Innovation in the Bell System, described it, the essence of success of Bell Labs was the synergy that brought together people of very different skills, very
1049:. He also studied the effects of technology on modern society and taught courses on the same subject at Harvard's Science and Public Policy Seminar, while supervising and teaching undergraduate and graduate students at the same time in the division of Engineering and Applied Physics.
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telecommunications and was extensively used as a textbook for many graduate programs at various universities, as well as for internal training courses at Bell Labs. He was also the prolific author of many research papers that were published in prestigious scientific and technical
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and equalizers. Subsequently, in 1929, he was assigned to the
Mathematical Research Group, where he excelled in research related to electronic networks theory and its application to telecommunications. Sponsored by Bell Laboratories he reentered graduate school, this time at
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Although his professorial duties were demanding of his time, he kept a keen eye on leaving his research legacy. He was simultaneously working on a new book that expounded on his extensive experience as a researcher at Bell Labs, which he published in 1971 under the title
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Hendrik Wade Bode, research engineer, was born at
Madison, Wis., December 24, 1905. He received his B.A. ... Dr. Bode holds patents in the fields of electric circuit theory and military devices. He is author of a book ... He received the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award in
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His applied research at Bell Labs over the years led to numerous patented inventions, some of which were registered in his name. By the time of his retirement he held a total of 25 patents in various areas of electrical and communications engineering, including signal
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As the war came to an end, his research focus shifted to include not only military but civilian research projects as well. On the military side he continued pursuing ballistic missile research, including research on antiballistic missile defence and associated
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over London during World War II, was actually serving in the same committee and sitting at the same table as
Wernher von Braun who worked on the development of the V-1 and was the head of the team which developed the V-2, the weapon that terrorised London.
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Citation To HENDRIK WADE BODE: "In recognition of his attainments in advancing the science and technology of automatic control and particularly for his development of frequency domain techniques that are widely used in the design of feedback control
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tracking, in other words, automatic shooting down of enemy aircraft with the help of radar. The servomotors used were both electrically and hydraulically powered, the latter being used mainly for positioning the heavy anti-aircraft guns.
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From 1967 to 1971, he served as a member of the
Council of the National Academy of Sciences. At the same time he served as the representative of the Academy's Engineering section on the Committee on Science and Public Policy (COSPUP).
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His NDRC-funded research at Bell Labs under the section D-2 (Control
Systems section) contract eventually led to other important developments in related fields and laid the cornerstone for many present-day inventions. In the field of
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It was the dawn of a new world, for at this committee's meetings, von Braun, creator of Nazi rockets, sat across the table from Hendrik Wade Bode, creator of Britain's automatic artillery robot, which brought down those very same
497:, Bode turned his sights on the military applications of his control systems research, a change of direction that would last in varying degree to the end of his career. He came to the service of his country by working on the
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He thus helped sublimate the age-old debate of engineers against scientists and elevated it into a debate between academics. This subtle, yet powerfully symbolic accomplishment, constitutes a compelling part of his legacy.
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The following persons are named as the Founding Members of the Academy: Hendrik Wade Bode, Walker Lee Cisler, Hugh Latimer Dryden, Elmer William Engstrom, William Littell Everitt, Antoine Marc Gaudin, Michael Lawrence
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In recognition of his attainments in advancing the science and technology of automatic control and particularly for his development of frequency domain techniques that are widely used in the design of feedback control
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fundamental contributions to the arts of communication, computation and control; for leadership in bringing mathematical science to bear on engineering problems; and for guidance and creative counsel in systems
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Immediately after graduation from high school he applied for admission to the University of Illinois but was denied because of his age. Decades later, in 1977, the same university would grant him an honorary
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990:. In 1955, he became director of research in the physical sciences, and remained there until 1958, when he was promoted again to become one of the two vice presidents in charge of military development and
1124:", a tribute that eloquently summarized the wide spectrum of his innovative contributions to engineering science and applied mathematics as a researcher, and to society as an advisor and professor.
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implementation of his artillery design research and his extensive work with feedback amplifiers advanced the state of the art in computational methods and led to the eventual development of the
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by the time young Hendrik was ready for elementary school. He entered Leal Elementary School and rapidly advanced through the Urbana school system to graduate from high school at the age of 14.
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He made important contributions to the design, guidance and control of anti-aircraft systems during World War II. He helped develop the automatic artillery weapons that defended London from the
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Harvard announced yesterday that it has named Hendrik Wade Bode, about to retire as vice-president of the Bell Telephone Laboratories, to be Gordon McKay Professor of Systems Engineering here.
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He retired from Bell Labs in October 1967, at the age of 61, ending an association that spanned more than four decades and changed the face of many of the core elements of modern engineering.
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In 1945, as the war was winding down, the NDRC was issuing a summary of technical reports as the prelude to its eventual closing down. Inside the volume on fire control a special essay titled
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Bode, in addition, applied his extensive skills with feedback amplifiers to design the target data smoothing and position predictor networks of an improved model of director T-10, called the
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Bode, despite all the high distinctions he received, both from academia and government, did not rest on his laurels. He believed that engineering, as an institution, deserved a place in the
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Bode was one of the great engineering philosophers of his era. Long respected in academic circles worldwide, he is also widely known to modern engineering students mainly for developing the
2302:. Quote: "Von Braun soon went to work at a secret laboratory called PeenemĂźnde near the Baltic Sea, working on the V-1 missile, which would terrorize Londoners". Retrieved January 14, 2009.
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by Tony Paterson in Peenemunde, June 10, 2001. Quote: "...missile research centre run by Wernher von Braun, who later worked on the American space programme..." . Retrieved March 9, 2007.
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Perhaps the menace best suited for the design specifications of such an automated artillery system appeared in June 1944. It was another robot. The German aeronautical engineers aided by
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His work on electronic communications, especially on filter and equalizer design, continued during this time. In 1945 it culminated in the publication of his book under the title of
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was also employed to aid in the computation of the exact position of the enemy aircraft and to smooth the data acquired from the target due to signal fluctuations and noise effects.
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730:-based errors. These design innovations paid performance dividends, and the director T-15 was twice as accurate as its predecessor and converged on a target twice as fast.
2060:: Cybernetics and Information Theory in the United States, France, and the Soviet Union by David Mindell, JĂŠrĂ´me Segal, Slava Gerovitch pp. 1â19. (From the book:
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Jon R. Kettenring and Ramanathan Gnanadesikan Statistical Science, Vol. 16, No. 3 (Aug. 2001), pp. 295-309 Published by: Institute of Mathematical Statistics Quote:
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The reason for the new project was that director T-10 encountered difficulties in calculating the target velocity by differentiating the target position. Due to
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approach that was followed then. Not coincidentally it is an integral part of modern digital control theory and digital signal processing and is known as the
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data communications, electrical computers, statistics principles and feedback control systems theory. He showed his dry sense of humour by calling this
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266:; December 24, 1905 â June 21, 1982) was an American engineer, researcher, inventor, author and scientist, of Dutch ancestry. As a pioneer of modern
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Hendrik Wade Bode, (see enlargement on left), at the May 26, 1958 meeting of the Special Committee on Space Technology, (fourth from the left).
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one hundred 90 mm automated gun units assisted by director T-10 were set up in a perimeter south of London, at the special request of
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information was used to provide data about the location of the enemy aircraft, which was then fed back to the anti-aircraft artillery
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Soon after retirement, Bode was elected to the academically prestigious Gordon McKay Professor of Systems Engineering position at
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Inventions such as these, despite their military research origins, have had a profound and lasting impact in the civilian domain.
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His research contributions in particular were not only multidimensional but also far reaching, extending as far as the U.S.
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engineering, a position he held up to his retirement. He also became a director of Bellcomm, a company associated with the
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as much as science did. With typical engineering resourcefulness he solved the problem by helping create another academy.
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It is a historical irony that Hendrik Wade Bode, the man who helped develop the robot weapons that brought down the Nazi
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assumed flightpath equation, usually a linear function of time. This system functioned as an early version of the modern
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telecommunications he revolutionized both the content and methodology of his chosen fields of research. His synergy with
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This, I said, was a sort of shotgun marriage forced upon us by the pressures of military problems in World War II.
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640:, for example, it aided in the further development of servomechanism design and control, a crucial component of modern
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Bode therefore realized the first wireless data feedback loop in the history of automatic control systems by combining
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Poore). Together they had two children: Dr. Katharine Bode Darlington and Mrs. Anne Hathaway Bode Aarnes.
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945:, in recognition of his remarkable scientific contributions to the war effort and to the United States of America.
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644:. The development of wireless data communications theory by Bode led to later inventions such as mobile phones and
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different approaches, experiences and training and who shared a certain value for this interaction across borders.
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Being a deep thinker as well as a lucid writer he significantly contributed to three important COSPUP studies:
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Van Valkenburg, M. E. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, "In memoriam: Hendrik W. Bode (1905-1982)",
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Relations Between Attenuation and Phase in Feedback Amplifier Design Bell System Technical Journal, v19: 1940
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1247:. These studies had the additional distinction of being the first ever to be prepared by the Academy for the
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Bode described the resulting blend as 'a sort of "shotgun marriage" between two incompatible personalities'.
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degree in 1926, both in Mathematics. After receiving his M.A. he remained at his alma mater, working as a
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Bode characterized this crossover of control system design methods as being a 'son of shotgun marriage'.
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fire at the calculated (predicted) coordinates of the target and thus successfully track the target.
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Bode was an avid reader in his spare time. He also co-wrote with his wife Barbara a fictional story
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1654:"Biography in German from Technische Universität Berlin Institut fßr Luft und Raumfahrt (PDF) p.6"
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Mindell, David A., "Automation's Finest Hour: Bell Labs and Automatic Control in World War II",
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The product of this "marriage", i.e. the automated artillery gun, can also be considered as a
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In 1944, Bode was placed in charge of the Mathematical Research Group at Bell Laboratories.
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escape. As well, the algorithms of director T-10 required a number of transformations from
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Published On 13 October 1967 12:00:00 a.m. No Writer Attributed. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
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In 1974, he retired for the second time and Harvard awarded him the honorary position of
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A General Theory of Electric Wave Filters Bell System Technical Journal, v14: 1935
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recognize distinguished contributions to control systems science or engineering.
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Biographies of Aerospace officials and policy makers from NASA History Division
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NDRC, the funding agency of this project, was operating under the aegis of the
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics (1965).
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Synergy: technical integration and technological innovation in the Bell system
2099:. Vol. 09â99. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1976. p. 126
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In 1952, he was promoted to the level of director of mathematical research at
710:). It also introduced for the first time an algorithm better suited to modern
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2064:, sous la direction de Mark Walker, Routledge, London, 2003, pp. 66â95.)
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Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences faculty
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During his tenure there, he pursued research on military decision making
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In 1938, he developed asymptotic phase and magnitude plots, now known as
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Home front heroes: a biographical dictionary of Americans during wartime
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A Method of Impedance Correction Bell System Technical Journal, v9: 1930
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Sergey N. Makarov; Reinhold Ludwig; Stephen J. Bitar (June 27, 2016).
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in cooperation with the NDRC under the directorship of Walter McNair.
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Founding members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
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Mathematical Research Group at Bell Laboratories via Internet Archive
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and back to Cartesian, a process that introduced additional tracking
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Hendrik W. Bode Lecture Prize from the IEEE Control Systems Society
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Germans at last learn truth about von Braun's 'space research' base
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Synergy: Technical Integration and Technological Innovation in the
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Synergy: Technical Integration and Technological Innovation in the
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in a number of scientific and engineering societies such as the
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2544:. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 1976. p. 126.
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Memberships to academic organizations and government committees
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Gene F. Franklin; J. David Powell; Abbas Emami-Naeini (2010).
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to Bode for his inventions. The patents covered areas such as
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Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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U.K. Gonville & Caius College Engineering student tribute
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U.K. Gonville & Caius College Engineering student tribute
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Bode received awards, honours and professional distinctions.
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Variable Equalizers Bell System Technical Journal, v17: 1938
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became, among other things, the original robot battlefield.
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Ideal Wave Filters Bell System Technical Journal, v14: 1935
1428:(Fiction) Hendrik W. (Hendrik Wade) Bode and Barbara Bode
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in New York City, where he began his career as designer of
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transmission, manipulation and utilization of intelligence
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Ohio State University College of Arts and Sciences alumni
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
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From Communications Engineering to Communications Science
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The National Academy of Engineering: the first ten years
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Hendrik Wade Bode died at the age of 76, at his home in
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between these scientific minds and their collaborators.
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and mathematical tools for the analysis of stability of
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Rocket Men: The Epic Story of the First Men on the Moon
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2202:"Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)"
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units included the SCR-584 radar unit produced by the
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The prediction of the coordinates was the function of
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Feedback thought in social science and systems theory
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Technology: Processes of Assessment and Choice (1969)
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Data Smoothing and Prediction in Fire-Control Systems
851:. It can also be seen that London at the time of the
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award recipients
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Memorial tributes By National Academy of Engineering
2617:. American Automatic Control Council. Archived from
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Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control
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Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control
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Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology
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Memorial tributes By National Academy of Engineering
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2428:
2426:
2346:
2159:
2114:
793:
679:computing networks of director T-15 by applying a
483:
2477:
2268:
2266:
1886:
1780:National Academies Press Tribute by Harvey Brooks
1700:. Archived from the original on November 23, 2007
1241:Applied Science and Technological Progress (1967)
382:. His father was a professor of education, and a
3312:
2504:
2433:Harvard Crimson: Bell Researcher Named Professor
2391:
2222:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2028:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1718:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1677:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1567:
925:, which is considered a classic in the field of
842:at NDRC, that detonated near the target using a
2678:
2423:
2004:"History of the MIT Servomechanisms Laboratory"
1993:Control Systems, December 1995, pp. 72â80.
1443:
1345:) he had bought. He also enjoyed gardening and
906:
553:
2263:
2151:
2010:. Archived from the original on March 11, 2010
2008:MIT Institute Archives and Special Collections
1609:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 98â99.
1409:Network Analysis and Feedback Amplifier Design
1198:Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
1143:In 1979, he became the first recipient of the
691:were stored in a mechanical memory, usually a
608:
526:First wireless feedback loop and robot weapons
2991:
2796:
2365:
2310:
2308:
2067:
1843:
1838:Bode biography at IEEE Global History Network
1785:
1764:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1564:
1279:is at the head of the table facing the camera
1099:
1021:
626:Office of Scientific Research and Development
577:that linkage as a "son of shotgun marriage".
3416:Ohio State University Graduate School alumni
2775:Hendrik W. Bode from the IEEE History Center
2488:
2314:
2243:
2204:. Archived from the original on May 20, 2010
2166:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p.
1659:. Archived from the original on July 9, 2007
981:
2585:"Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award"
2495:A Conversation with Ramanathan Gnanadesikan
2473:
2471:
2442:
2411:
2062:Science and Ideology: A Comparative History
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1859:Lance Day; Ian McNeil (September 1, 2003).
899:of the information age was preceded by the
442:, and he successfully completed his PhD in
311:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
16:American scientist and engineer (1905â1982)
2998:
2984:
2803:
2789:
2305:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1865:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 134â135.
1685:
1635:
1349:projects. He was married to Barbara Bode (
1306:
1045:that are considered a precursor of modern
948:
891:. Shannon, considered to be the father of
687:. Under this scheme the target positional
505:(NDRC) Section D-2), developing automatic
421:Early contributions at Bell Labs and Ph.D.
401:He eventually applied and was accepted at
388:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
3010:Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award
1807:
1646:
1598:
1596:
1434:The Lion's mouth dept. pp. 326â329,
1145:Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award
141:Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award
3396:Fellows of the American Physical Society
2685:National Academy of Engineering (1976).
2564:American Society of Mechanical Engineers
2468:
2240:. From MathWorldâA Wolfram Web Resource.
1270:
1237:Basic Research and National Goals (1965)
1129:American Society of Mechanical Engineers
328:He also made important contributions to
2760:National Academy of Engineering website
2666:
1942:
1602:
1501:Twenty five patents were issued by the
970:missile project as part of a team with
858:
3313:
2127:. Vol. 10. Pearson. p. 386.
1996:
1593:
1211:In 1957, he was elected member to the
1092:Academic and professional distinctions
488:
2979:
2810:
2784:
2752:
1916:
1490:
1356:
1267:Special Committee on Space Technology
1202:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
760:
261:
3331:20th-century American mathematicians
2418:First Dozen Control Books in English
2194:
887:and thus heralded the coming of the
714:theory rather than to the classical
2736:
2353:Mathematical Research Group History
2124:Feedback control of dynamic systems
2036:
1557:
802:produced a robot of their own: the
503:National Defense Research Committee
13:
2589:American Automatic Control Council
1321:in August 1936. Bode also enjoyed
1149:American Automatic Control Council
1052:
953:
14:
3427:
1497:List of Hendrik Wade Bode patents
192:, mathematics, telecommunications
3341:20th-century American physicists
1899:Practical Electrical Engineering
1386:United States National Academies
943:President's Certificate of Merit
755:
225:
155:President's Certificate of Merit
31:
3411:20th-century American engineers
2723:National Academy of Engineering
2607:
2577:
2552:
2532:
2315:Craig Nelson (April 27, 2010).
2087:
1402:
1382:National Academy of Engineering
1081:before the terms even existed.
794:Use against the V-1 flying bomb
484:World War II and new inventions
282:, laid the foundations for the
2691:. National Academies. p.
1698:"Neve Yaakov Web Page Tribute"
1623:
1542:Innovation (signal processing)
1466:H. W. Bode and R. L. Dietzold
541:anti-ballistic missile defence
359:plot that bears his name, the
1:
3336:American electrical engineers
2640:Hendrik W. Bode Lecture Prize
2158:George P. Richardson (1991).
1603:Shearer, Benjamin F. (2007).
1552:
1257:U.S. House of Representatives
1219:, in 1863, by then President
1171:Hendrik W. Bode Lecture Prize
1106:Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award
974:, and later on the design of
766:action for the first time in
745:based alternative of today's
724:backward difference algorithm
493:With the inexorable onset of
166:Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award
3366:IEEE Edison Medal recipients
1444:Research papers at Bell Labs
1213:National Academy of Sciences
1167:IEEE Control Systems Society
907:Further wartime achievements
619:Fundamental Director Studies
409:in 1924, at age 19, and his
373:
7:
2404:September 29, 2007, at the
2300:IEEE Global History Network
1520:
1159:engineers and scientists".
609:Working on director studies
313:(NACA), the predecessor of
131:Bode's sensitivity integral
10:
3432:
3351:Columbia University alumni
2743:National Academies website
2645:December 29, 2010, at the
2478:Hendrik Wade Bode (1971).
2279:February 28, 2007, at the
1494:
1333:near the eastern shore of
1100:Academic medals and awards
1022:Gordon McKay professorship
1016:
774:39 units were deployed in
739:electronic analog computer
417:, for an additional year.
3159:
3016:
2946:William Hayward Pickering
2818:
2560:"Rufus Oldenburger Medal"
2256:February 8, 2006, at the
2080:December 1, 2005, at the
1315:, which was published by
1226:
1194:American Physical Society
1115:awarded him the renowned
982:Retirement from Bell Labs
897:technological convergence
728:coordinate-transformation
712:digital signal processing
509:control systems, whereby
429:he was promptly hired by
284:technological convergence
214:
196:
181:
174:
136:
102:
88:
80:
61:
39:
30:
23:
2321:. Penguin. p. 129.
1397:Cambridge, Massachusetts
1376:and served as a regular
1184:He was also a member or
1104:In 1960 he received the
834:mechanism, developed by
720:analog signal processing
681:finite difference method
501:at Bell Labs (funded by
127:Bode gain-phase relation
73:Cambridge, Massachusetts
3386:Scientists at Bell Labs
1924:"Gain and Phase margin"
1902:. Springer. p. 8.
1738:NASA Historical Website
1307:Hobbies and family life
1133:Rufus Oldenburger Medal
976:anti-ballistic missiles
949:Peacetime contributions
782:invading force against
595:artificial intelligence
585:later concepts such as
323:anti-ballistic missiles
148:Rufus Oldenburger Medal
2952:Bernard D. H. Tellegen
2886:William B. Kouwenhoven
2675:from Harper's archive.
1760:Leal Elementary School
1280:
1079:information processing
574:antiaircraft artillery
330:control systems theory
111:Electronic engineering
2892:Alexander C. Monteith
2621:on September 24, 2018
2359:January 18, 2013, at
2238:"Backward Difference"
2043:Antiballistic Defence
1274:
916:Network Analysis and
743:operational amplifier
403:Ohio State University
201:Ohio State University
93:Ohio State University
3036:Charles Stark Draper
3030:Nathaniel B. Nichols
2868:Charles F. Kettering
2832:Vladimir K. Zworykin
2484:. Bell Laboratories.
1642:Biography in Spanish
1590:be used as boh-dah."
1043:stochastic processes
1041:techniques based on
871:, Hendrik Bode, and
869:Ralph Beebe Blackman
859:Synergy with Shannon
548:Statistical analysis
3391:Fellows of the IEEE
3221:Dragoslav D. Ĺ iljak
3179:Kumpati S. Narendra
2940:John Wistar Simpson
2916:George Harold Brown
2456:on February 6, 2006
2236:Eric W. Weisstein.
1930:on October 17, 2012
1283:The predecessor of
937:In 1948, President
646:wireless networking
572:, referring to the
489:Change of direction
440:Columbia University
305:, developer of the
97:Columbia University
3269:Masayoshi Tomizuka
3173:Petar V. Kokotovic
3167:A. V. Balakrishnan
3054:Richard E. Bellman
2753:General references
2595:on October 1, 2018
1511:electronic filters
1503:U.S. Patent Office
1491:US patents granted
1357:Engineering legacy
1281:
1249:Legislative Branch
1206:National Academies
1086:professor emeritus
1028:Harvard University
893:information theory
830:and the proximity
761:Anzio and Normandy
675:Bode designed the
554:"Shotgun marriage"
435:electronic filters
415:teaching assistant
380:Madison, Wisconsin
280:information theory
209:Harvard University
115:Telecommunications
54:Madison, Wisconsin
3346:Control theorists
3308:
3307:
3245:Dimitri Bertsekas
3185:Harold J. Kushner
3084:Roger W. Brockett
3048:John V. Breakwell
3024:Hendrik Wade Bode
2973:
2972:
2964:Sidney Darlington
2928:Hendrik Wade Bode
2904:Walker Lee Cisler
2880:Harold S. Osborne
2850:Leonid A. Umansky
2844:Oliver E. Buckley
2826:Charles F. Wagner
2812:IEEE Edison Medal
2328:978-0-14-311716-2
2177:978-0-8122-3053-6
1909:978-3-319-21173-2
1872:978-0-203-02829-2
1616:978-0-313-33420-7
1507:data transmission
1431:Harper's Magazine
1337:with a converted
1327:Long Island Sound
1318:Harper's Magazine
1277:Wernher von Braun
1153:automatic control
1010:control systems.
885:signal processing
849:World War II
816:Winston Churchill
800:Wernher von Braun
747:digital computers
733:The fire control
666:polar coordinates
664:(rectangular) to
564:multidisciplinary
378:Bode was born in
303:Wernher von Braun
221:Hendrik Wade Bode
218:
217:
205:Bell Laboratories
176:Scientific career
152:
145:
50:December 24, 1905
25:Hendrik Wade Bode
3423:
3239:A. Stephen Morse
3233:Arthur J. Krener
3203:Sanjoy K. Mitter
3191:Gene F. Franklin
3132:Rudolf E. Kalman
3126:Elmer G. Gilbert
3114:Jose B. Cruz Jr.
3090:Arthur E. Bryson
3042:Irving Lefkowitz
3000:
2993:
2986:
2977:
2976:
2922:Charles F. Avila
2910:Wilmer L. Barrow
2874:James F. Fairman
2862:John K. Hodnette
2856:Comfort A. Adams
2805:
2798:
2791:
2782:
2781:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:Haider, ...
2702:
2700:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2658:
2649:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2591:. Archived from
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2508:
2502:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2475:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2452:. Archived from
2446:
2440:
2430:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2395:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2379:on April 2, 2014
2375:. Archived from
2369:
2363:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2337:
2335:
2312:
2303:
2297:
2288:
2270:
2261:
2247:
2241:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2221:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2184:
2165:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2104:
2091:
2085:
2071:
2065:
2055:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2027:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2000:
1994:
1987:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1926:. Archived from
1920:
1914:
1913:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1856:
1841:
1835:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1746:
1740:
1735:
1724:
1723:
1717:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1694:
1683:
1682:
1676:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1658:
1650:
1644:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1600:
1591:
1583:
1558:Cited references
1439:
1427:
1374:founding members
1372:He is among the
1300:V-1 flying bombs
1169:established the
1165:, in 1989, the
1131:awarded him the
972:Douglas Aircraft
941:awarded him the
867:, coauthored by
838:and his special
569:shotgun marriage
499:Director Project
466:frequency-domain
295:V-1 flying bombs
278:, the father of
265:
263:[ËboËdÉ]
260:
253:
248:
247:
244:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
170:
163:
150:
143:
68:
49:
47:
35:
21:
20:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3311:
3310:
3309:
3304:
3299:Stephen P. Boyd
3287:Miroslav KrstiÄ
3257:Jason L. Speyer
3251:Thomas F. Edgar
3215:George Leitmann
3155:
3102:Rutherford Aris
3078:Walter R. Evans
3060:Harold Chestnut
3012:
3004:
2974:
2969:
2958:Jan A. Rajchman
2934:Howard H. Aiken
2814:
2809:
2779:
2755:
2750:
2749:
2741:
2737:
2727:
2725:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2698:
2696:
2683:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2659:
2652:
2647:Wayback Machine
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2598:
2596:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2519:
2517:
2509:
2505:
2493:
2489:
2476:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2431:
2424:
2416:
2412:
2406:Wayback Machine
2396:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2351:
2347:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2313:
2306:
2298:
2291:
2281:Wayback Machine
2271:
2264:
2258:Wayback Machine
2250:Analog Computer
2248:
2244:
2235:
2231:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2205:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2156:
2152:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2119:
2115:
2102:
2100:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2082:Wayback Machine
2072:
2068:
2056:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2021:
2020:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1988:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1894:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1857:
1844:
1836:
1819:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1786:
1778:
1765:
1758:
1754:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1727:
1711:
1710:
1703:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1686:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1636:
1628:
1624:
1617:
1601:
1594:
1584:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1547:Lattice network
1532:Analogue filter
1523:
1499:
1493:
1446:
1435:
1423:
1405:
1359:
1341:landing craft (
1309:
1269:
1261:U.S. Government
1229:
1221:Abraham Lincoln
1182:
1157:control systems
1102:
1094:
1055:
1053:Research legacy
1024:
1019:
984:
956:
954:Change of focus
951:
939:Harry S. Truman
909:
889:information age
861:
804:V-1 flying bomb
796:
778:to protect the
763:
758:
704:signal impulses
685:differentiation
653:discontinuities
611:
587:data processing
556:
528:
515:servomechanisms
491:
486:
427:graduate school
423:
386:member at the
376:
288:Information Age
258:
251:
228:
224:
207:
203:
186:Control systems
168:
164:
161:
157:
153:
146:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
95:
89:Alma mater
76:
70:
66:
57:
51:
45:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3429:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3296:
3293:Eduardo Sontag
3290:
3284:
3278:
3275:Irena Lasiecka
3272:
3266:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3227:Manfred Morari
3224:
3218:
3212:
3209:Pravin Varaiya
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3138:Lotfi A. Zadeh
3135:
3129:
3123:
3120:Michael Athans
3117:
3111:
3108:Eliahu I. Jury
3105:
3099:
3096:John G. Truxal
3093:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3072:John C. Lozier
3069:
3066:John Zaborszky
3063:
3057:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3003:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2961:
2955:
2949:
2943:
2937:
2931:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2898:John R. Pierce
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2838:John F. Peters
2835:
2829:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2785:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2735:
2710:
2677:
2673:Counting house
2665:
2650:
2632:
2606:
2576:
2551:
2531:
2503:
2487:
2467:
2441:
2422:
2410:
2390:
2364:
2345:
2327:
2304:
2289:
2262:
2242:
2229:
2193:
2176:
2150:
2133:
2113:
2086:
2066:
2047:
2035:
1995:
1941:
1915:
1908:
1885:
1871:
1842:
1817:
1806:
1795:
1784:
1763:
1752:
1741:
1725:
1684:
1645:
1634:
1622:
1615:
1592:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1522:
1519:
1495:Main article:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1463:
1455:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1425:Counting house
1421:
1412:
1404:
1401:
1358:
1355:
1347:do-it-yourself
1331:Chesapeake Bay
1313:Counting House
1308:
1305:
1293:Guyford Stever
1268:
1265:
1228:
1225:
1181:
1178:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1067:paradigm shift
1054:
1051:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
996:Apollo program
983:
980:
955:
952:
950:
947:
908:
905:
873:Claude Shannon
860:
857:
808:cruise missile
795:
792:
762:
759:
757:
754:
638:control theory
610:
607:
555:
552:
527:
524:
490:
487:
485:
482:
422:
419:
375:
372:
355:magnitude and
334:linear systems
276:Claude Shannon
268:control theory
216:
215:
212:
211:
198:
194:
193:
183:
179:
178:
172:
171:
138:
134:
133:
107:Control theory
104:
103:Known for
100:
99:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
71:
69:(aged 76)
63:
59:
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15:
9:
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4:
3:
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3267:
3264:
3263:John S. Baras
3261:
3258:
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3150:W. Harmon Ray
3148:
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2636:
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2616:
2615:"AACC Awards"
2610:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2580:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2548:
2543:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2516:
2515:
2507:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2483:
2482:
2474:
2472:
2455:
2451:
2450:"Fuzzy Logic"
2445:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2419:
2414:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2398:Op. Amp. Demo
2394:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2362:
2361:archive.today
2358:
2354:
2349:
2342:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2311:
2309:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2286:
2285:The Telegraph
2283:. Article on
2282:
2278:
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2134:9780136019695
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2110:
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2054:
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2039:
2031:
2025:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1992:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
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1956:
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1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1890:
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1855:
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1828:
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1822:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1799:
1793:
1792:Filter Design
1788:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1761:
1756:
1750:
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1739:
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1218:
1214:
1209:
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1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1177:
1176:
1173:in order to:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1127:In 1975, the
1125:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1097:
1089:
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1076:
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824:Radiation Lab
821:
817:
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791:
789:
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781:
777:
773:
769:
756:Military uses
753:
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744:
740:
736:
731:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
702:
698:
694:
693:potentiometer
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
671:
667:
663:
658:
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
633:
631:
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622:
620:
616:
615:director T-15
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
583:
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571:
570:
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561:
551:
549:
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542:
537:
532:
523:
520:
516:
512:
508:
507:anti-aircraft
504:
500:
496:
481:
479:
478:Harry Nyquist
475:
471:
467:
463:
460:
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
436:
432:
428:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
391:
389:
385:
381:
371:
369:
368:space program
364:
362:
358:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
317:. During the
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
264:
256:
255:
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222:
213:
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187:
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180:
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142:
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135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
83:
79:
74:
65:June 21, 1982
64:
60:
55:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3160:2001âpresent
3023:
2927:
2738:
2726:. Retrieved
2713:
2704:
2699:November 22,
2697:. Retrieved
2687:
2680:
2668:
2635:
2625:February 10,
2623:. Retrieved
2619:the original
2609:
2599:February 10,
2597:. Retrieved
2593:the original
2579:
2569:February 21,
2567:. Retrieved
2554:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2525:
2518:. Retrieved
2513:
2506:
2498:
2490:
2480:
2458:. Retrieved
2454:the original
2444:
2436:
2413:
2393:
2381:. Retrieved
2377:the original
2373:"Equalizers"
2367:
2348:
2339:
2334:November 22,
2332:. Retrieved
2317:
2245:
2232:
2208:February 22,
2206:. Retrieved
2196:
2188:
2181:. Retrieved
2161:
2153:
2145:
2138:. Retrieved
2123:
2116:
2108:
2101:. Retrieved
2095:
2089:
2069:
2061:
2038:
2012:. Retrieved
2007:
1998:
1934:February 12,
1932:. Retrieved
1928:the original
1918:
1898:
1876:. Retrieved
1861:
1809:
1798:
1787:
1755:
1744:
1702:. Retrieved
1661:. Retrieved
1648:
1637:
1625:
1605:
1500:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1451:
1429:
1414:
1408:
1403:Publications
1394:
1390:
1371:
1360:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1297:
1282:
1253:Astronautics
1244:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1210:
1183:
1174:
1163:Posthumously
1161:
1142:
1136:
1126:
1120:
1117:Edison Medal
1110:
1103:
1095:
1083:
1059:
1056:
1039:optimization
1032:
1025:
1012:
1000:
985:
957:
936:
915:
913:
910:
876:
864:
862:
839:
812:London Blitz
797:
764:
751:
732:
674:
650:
634:
623:
618:
614:
612:
579:
567:
557:
533:
529:
498:
495:World War II
492:
474:phase margin
468:concepts of
448:
424:
400:
392:
377:
365:
350:
346:phase margin
336:, inventing
327:
292:
220:
219:
197:Institutions
175:
159:Edison Medal
67:(1982-06-21)
18:
3326:1982 deaths
3321:1905 births
3281:Galip Ulsoy
3197:Tamer BaĹar
2728:October 21,
2695:. NAP:14721
2460:February 7,
2383:February 8,
2014:February 8,
1704:February 9,
1517:computers.
1482:H. W. Bode
1474:H. W. Bode
1458:H. W. Bode
1450:H. W. Bode
1437:August 1936
1417:Bell System
1122:engineering
1075:infometrics
1071:convergence
1062:Bell System
1047:fuzzy logic
689:coordinates
683:instead of
657:derivatives
599:cybernetics
459:time-domain
425:Fresh from
342:gain margin
119:Bode filter
81:Nationality
3315:Categories
1878:October 7,
1663:January 7,
1553:References
1537:Immittance
1509:networks,
1287:was NACA.
1035:algorithms
1004:amplifiers
964:algorithms
927:electronic
840:Division T
836:Merle Tuve
591:automation
566:linkage a
464:using the
451:Bode plots
353:asymptotic
338:Bode plots
307:V-2 rocket
272:electronic
46:1905-12-24
3144:Yu-Chi Ho
3017:1979â2000
2819:1951â1975
2547:systems."
1814:Bell Labs
1527:Amplifier
1515:artillery
1217:Civil War
1147:from the
1135:citing: "
1111:In 1969,
1008:artillery
988:Bell Labs
968:Nike Zeus
961:computing
921:Amplifier
844:microwave
788:Luftwaffe
735:algorithm
662:Cartesian
519:ballistic
462:stability
446:in 1935.
431:Bell Labs
374:Education
361:Bode plot
123:Bode plot
2643:Archived
2520:March 6,
2514:Hearings
2402:Archived
2357:Archived
2341:rockets.
2277:Archived
2254:Archived
2218:cite web
2183:June 12,
2140:June 12,
2103:June 12,
2078:Archived
2024:cite web
1714:cite web
1673:cite web
1521:See also
1367:academia
1363:Pantheon
1335:Maryland
1200:and the
1138:systems.
932:journals
918:Feedback
776:Normandy
716:calculus
677:velocity
642:robotics
603:robotics
560:wireless
536:director
455:feedback
398:degree.
319:Cold War
84:American
2435:Quote:
1380:of the
1339:surplus
1323:boating
1255:of the
1017:Harvard
992:systems
901:synergy
718:-based
444:physics
384:faculty
297:during
286:of the
190:physics
3301:(2023)
3295:(2022)
3289:(2021)
3283:(2020)
3277:(2019)
3271:(2018)
3265:(2017)
3259:(2016)
3253:(2015)
3247:(2014)
3241:(2013)
3235:(2012)
3229:(2011)
3223:(2010)
3217:(2009)
3211:(2008)
3205:(2007)
3199:(2006)
3193:(2005)
3187:(2004)
3181:(2003)
3175:(2002)
3169:(2001)
3152:(2000)
3146:(1999)
3140:(1998)
3134:(1997)
3128:(1996)
3122:(1995)
3116:(1994)
3110:(1993)
3104:(1992)
3098:(1991)
3092:(1990)
3086:(1989)
3080:(1988)
3074:(1987)
3068:(1986)
3062:(1985)
3056:(1984)
3050:(1983)
3044:(1982)
3038:(1981)
3032:(1980)
3026:(1979)
2966:(1975)
2960:(1974)
2954:(1973)
2948:(1972)
2942:(1971)
2936:(1970)
2930:(1969)
2924:(1968)
2918:(1967)
2912:(1966)
2906:(1965)
2900:(1963)
2894:(1962)
2888:(1961)
2882:(1960)
2876:(1959)
2870:(1958)
2864:(1957)
2858:(1956)
2852:(1955)
2846:(1954)
2840:(1953)
2834:(1952)
2828:(1951)
2325:
2174:
2131:
1906:
1869:
1613:
1420:(1971)
1411:(1945)
1378:member
1227:COSPUP
1186:fellow
923:Design
818:. The
784:Hitler
780:allied
741:, the
708:spikes
701:random
670:errors
407:degree
259:Dutch:
182:Fields
169:(1960)
162:(1969)
151:(1975)
144:(1979)
137:Awards
75:, U.S.
56:, U.S.
2663:p. 53
2527:1960.
1657:(PDF)
1632:p. 54
1119:for "
853:Blitz
772:D-day
768:Anzio
695:or a
605:etc.
582:robot
544:model
511:radar
396:Sc.D.
357:phase
3007:AACC
2730:2012
2701:2012
2627:2013
2601:2013
2571:2013
2522:2013
2462:2006
2385:2006
2336:2012
2323:ISBN
2224:link
2210:2006
2185:2013
2172:ISBN
2142:2013
2129:ISBN
2105:2013
2030:link
2016:2006
1991:IEEE
1936:2006
1904:ISBN
1880:2012
1867:ISBN
1720:link
1706:2006
1679:link
1665:2007
1611:ISBN
1587:IEEE
1289:NACA
1285:NASA
1243:and
1190:IEEE
1113:IEEE
1077:and
1037:and
1006:and
883:and
881:data
832:fuse
630:OSRD
472:and
470:gain
411:M.A.
344:and
315:NASA
299:WWII
270:and
254:-dee
62:Died
40:Born
2693:173
2168:164
1365:of
1351:nee
1343:LCT
828:MIT
826:at
786:'s
697:cam
632:).
252:BOH
3317::
2721:.
2703:.
2653:^
2587:.
2562:.
2524:.
2470:^
2425:^
2400:.
2355:.
2338:.
2307:^
2292:^
2275:.
2265:^
2252:.
2220:}}
2216:{{
2187:.
2170:.
2144:.
2107:.
2076:.
2050:^
2026:}}
2022:{{
2006:.
1944:^
1888:^
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1820:^
1766:^
1728:^
1716:}}
1712:{{
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1675:}}
1671:{{
1595:^
1566:^
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1388:.
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1223:.
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1196:,
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1108:.
1073:,
1030:.
998:.
978:.
934:.
820:AA
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2420:.
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2387:.
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2226:)
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2084:.
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2018:.
1938:.
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706:(
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245:/
242:i
239:d
233:b
230:Ë
227:/
223:(
48:)
44:(
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