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A scribe took class notes during lectures and wrote them up for the professor, and, sometimes, the student library. While this task required considerable effort and skill, as well as understanding of the subject matter, it also afforded the scribe with close and frequent contact with the professor –
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scientists of the demonstration of a point contact transistor on 30 June 1948. The French
Westinghouse subsidiary applied for a patent on the same type of device on 13 August 1948. On 18 May 1949, this European invention coined as the "Le Transistron" or the "French transistor" was presented to the
323:
The
Historical Development of Quantum Theory. Volume 6 The Completion of Quantum Mechanics 1926-1941. Part 2 The Conceptual Completion and the Extension of Quantum Mechanics 1932-1941. Epilogue: Aspects of the Further Development of Quantum Theory
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public, while a first batch of 1,000 devices was manufactured for the French telecommunications. This development was an outgrowth of work done by the two independently in
Germany in programs to develop German
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153:. He was the director of the Erlangen Siemens-Schuckertwerke research laboratory from 1961 to 1969. From 1969, until he retired in 1977, Welker was director of all the company's research laboratories.
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471: H. F. Mataré / H. Welker / Westinghouse: "Nouveau sytème cristallin à plusieurs électrodes réalisant des relais de effects électroniques" filed on August 13, 1948
305: H. F. Mataré/H. Welker/Westinghouse: „Crystal device for controlling electric currents by means of a solid semiconductor“ french priority date 13 August 1948
490: H. F. Mataré / H. Welker / Westinghouse, "Crystal device for controlling electric currents by means of a solid semiconductor" French priority August 13, 1948
292: H. F. Mataré/H. Welker/Westinghouse: „Nouveau sytème cristallin à plusieurs électrodes réalisant des effects de relais électroniques“ filed on 13 August 1948
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594:- Heinrich Welker Memorial Award, Siemens AG. Award recipients are selected by the International Symposium on Compound Semiconductors Award Committee.
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182:, in 1976 established the Heinrich Welker Memorial Award to honor Welker's pioneering work in III-V compound semiconductor development.
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made at
Westinghouse independently of the first successful transistor made at Bell Laboratories. He did fundamental work in III-V
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a considerable intellectual benefit to the capable student. This task also fell under the purview of assistants to professors.
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by
Sommerfeld was based on lecture notes prepared by Welker during the winter semester of 1933/1934. Welker was granted his
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Sitzungsberichte der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse der
Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu MĂĽnchen
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developed a point contact semiconductor amplifier, demonstrated in June 1948. This coincided with the announcement by
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Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Conference on the
History of Electronics, Bletchley Park, June 2004.
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102:, but still maintained association (1942 to 1944) with the physicochemical institute of
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226:Ăśber ein elektronentheoretisches Modell des Supraleiters. Mitteilung ĂĽber die Arbeit.
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Sommerfeld, A.; Welker, H. (1938). "KĂĽnstliche
Grenzbedingungen beim Keplerproblem".
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at the
University of Munich. After the war, 1947 – 1951, he took a job at the
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118:. From 1951 to 1961, Welker headed of the solid-state physics department of
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While at the
Westinghouse subsidiary in Paris, Welker and German physicist
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Allgemeine Koordinaten und Bedingungsgleichungen in der Wellenmechanik
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Sommerfeld, Arnold, translated from the German by Edward G. Ramberg
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98:, 1940 to 1945, Welker worked at Luftfunkforschungs Institut in
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Electrodynamics - Lectures on Theoretical Physics Volume III
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Electrodynamics - Lectures on Theoretical Physics Volume III
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142:. Welker and his department paved the way for
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138:effects, as well as new switching circuits in
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81:, and was granted a Ph.D. in 1936. The book
516:An Inventor of the Transistor Has His Moment
116:Compagnie des Freins et Signaux Westinghouse
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645:Presidents of the German Physical Society
169:. The French patent was granted in 1952.
73:Starting in 1931, Welker studied at the
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38:) was a German theoretical and applied
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402:Mehra, Volume 6, Part 2, 2001, p. 868.
224:Arnold Sommerfeld and Heinrich Welker
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359:Mathematics Genealogy Project: Welker
172:Welker was elected president of the
16:German quantum physicist (1912-1981)
174:Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft
13:
413:"How Europe Missed the Transistor"
241:"How Europe Missed The Transistor"
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239:Michael Riordan (November 2005).
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625:20th-century German physicists
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126:, where he developed the new,
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630:20th-century German inventors
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69:Biography and important work
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378:Sommerfeld, 1964, p. viii.
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257:10.1109/MSPEC.2005.1526906
232:page 5 (1938) as cited in
91:under Sommerfeld in 1939.
620:German quantum physicists
438:"Siemens Archive: Welker"
561:"The Industry Era: 1947"
502:The "French" transistor.
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214:10.1002/andp.19384240109
54:, and paved the way for
536:"MPower Solutions, Ltd"
234:Sommerfeld Bibliography
220:Sommerfeld Bibliography
52:compound semiconductors
640:People from Ingolstadt
342:(Academic Press, 1964)
120:Siemens-Schuckertwerke
34:– 25 December 1981 in
28:Heinrich Johann Welker
24:
130:, to replace silicon
30:(9 September 1912 in
22:
635:People from Erlangen
361:Dissertation title:
75:University of Munich
500:Armand Van Dormael:
367:Welker Dissertation
206:1938AnP...424...56S
186:Selected Literature
590:2011-07-06 at the
522:2009-06-23 at the
194:Annalen der Physik
180:Siemens AG, Munich
42:who invented the "
25:
326:(Springer, 2001)
320:Helmut Rechenberg
158:Herbert F. Mataré
79:Arnold Sommerfeld
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140:microelectronics
100:Oberpfaffenhofen
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271:on 2008-02-14.
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200:(1–2): 56–65.
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147:semiconductors
136:optoelectronic
132:semiconductors
110:subsidiary in
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23:Welker in 1970
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151:laser diodes
108:Westinghouse
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89:Habilitation
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63:laser diodes
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615:1981 deaths
610:1912 births
94:During the
44:transistron
604:Categories
571:2006-12-07
546:2006-12-07
482:US 2673948
463:FR 1010427
448:2014-05-31
423:2006-12-07
310:References
297:US 2673948
284:FR 1010427
48:transistor
32:Ingolstadt
324:1942-1999
176:in 1977.
144:microwave
96:war years
56:microwave
40:physicist
588:Archived
520:Archived
265:34953819
124:Erlangen
36:Erlangen
277:Patents
202:Bibcode
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77:under
347:Notes
261:S2CID
167:radar
122:, in
112:Paris
46:", a
328:ISBN
318:and
149:and
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