1600:
1614:'s theory of the "beauty of sorrow" has received criticism in both Korea and, more recently, Japan. It has been described as prejudiced, imperialistic, orientalist, sentimentalist, colonialist, and under-theorized. Yanagi's interpretation of Korean history and art has been disputed. The "beauty of sorrow" was criticized by Koreans as early as 1922. In 1974, the poet Choe Harim published an influential article that established the "aesthetics of colonialism" and accused Yanagi's theory of imperialism, colonialism, sentimentalism, and a "superficial interpretation of Korean history". Choe criticized Yanagi's view, that Korean art has a "beauty of sorrow" because Korea has long suffered at the hands of foreign countries, as being in accordance with Japanese colonial policies, which, he said, were intended to instill a sense of defeat and shame in Koreans about Korean history.
1390:
1444:, an independence movement that ended with the death of about 7,000 Koreans at the hands of the Japanese police and military, the Japanese art critic Yanagi Sōetsu wrote articles in 1919 and 1920, expressing sympathy for the Korean people and appreciation for Korean art. In his 1920 article, Yanagi said: "The long, harsh and painful history of Korea is expressed in the hidden loneliness and sadness of their art. It always has a sad beauty and loneliness that brings you to tears. When I look at it, I can not control the emotion that fills my heart. Where else can I find such
1452:
of being independent and prone to being invaded and oppressed. The
Japanese viewed Korea's "sorrow" as being because of "a national history of unremitting disaster". Yanagi's views of Korea mirrored those of contemporary Japanese colonial politics. Yanagi said that Korean history was characterized by instability, invasion, and subservience; the "sadness" of Korean history was said to be manifested in Korean art, which, according to Yanagi, embodied the "beauty of sorrow". Yanagi contributed to the naturalization of Japanese colonialism in Korea.
178:
1001:
989:
4530:
4524:
1484:, based on the "beauty of sorrow", was propagated by Korean scholars and writers, continuing Yanagi's legacy, and gradually spread to the entire education system. According to Jeong Il-seong, the passage of modern Korean history, going from the Japanese occupation to independence to national division to civil war to military dictatorship, influenced figures in art and culture to adopt the concept of
1599:
25:
1480:
Moderate Korean nationalists, who had a non-confrontational approach toward
Japanese authority, supported Yanagi, and the Dong-a Ilbo actively promoted and sponsored him. Yanagi was admired by prominent figures in the fields of history, art, and media, who had a profound influence on the formation of modern Korean concepts of traditional art, aesthetics, and history. The concept of
1369:] power from without seemed to take hold of the meeting. The Europeans described its manifestations as terrifying. Nearly everybody present was seized with the most poignant sense of mental anguish; before each one his own sins seemed to be rising in condemnation of his life." Shin calls what they observed a very raw form of
1621:, and argues that Korea experienced very few invasions and had long periods of peace and stability. Peterson also disagrees with the Japanese colonial view of Korea as stagnant, inefficient, and corrupt. John Duncan calls the idea that Korea experienced constant invasions or that Korea has a "history of suffering" (
1365:: "Then began a meeting the like of which I had never seen before, nor wish to see again unless in God's sight it is absolutely necessary. Every sin a human being can commit was publicly confessed that night." Lord William Cecil observed: " reached only the words "My Father" when with a rush a [
1643:
is as problematic as that of 'hysteria', which begs the question of why anyone aware of its past would want to persist in its use, even through a redefinition that rejects its imperialist, racist, ethnonationalist and sexist legacy. Ever since
Japanese propagandists invented the notion of Koreans as
1582:
to indoctrinate the working class into accepting the hardships of rapid industrialization and economic inequality; the idea of sadness being an inherent Korean trait had served a similar purpose during the
Japanese occupation to naturalize the suffering of the colonized Koreans. Sunghee Choi, an art
1654:
Mari Nakami says that Yanagi did not profess to be an expert or intend for his theory to be an "objective observation" or a "scientifically approached scholarly study", but rather "an expression of the human heart". Furthermore, Nakami argues that the "beauty of sorrow" was not the only perspective
1607:, among other aspects of Korean culture, as the color of sadness. Yanagi later revised his view: Joseon white porcelain emanates from an "instinctive faith in nature", not sadness. Citing historical examples, Kim Talsu argues that, from a Korean perspective, white is the color of humor and dynamism.
1451:
The characterization of Korea as sad and stagnant was common in
Imperial Japan; Japanese historiography of Korea was centered on the idea that Korea was stagnant. To justify the colonization of Korea, the Japanese propagated an image of Koreans as an inferior, uncivilized people, who were incapable
1183:
as "a feeling of unresolved resentment against injustices suffered, a sense of helplessness because of the overwhelming odds against one, a feeling of acute pain in one's guts and bowels, making the whole body writhe and squirm, and an obstinate urge to take revenge and to right the wrong—all these
1479:
Yanagi Sōetsu was an influential figure in colonial Korea, and was accepted as a true friend by contemporary
Koreans; he sought to preserve the traditional art of Korea, held fund-raising lectures and concerts for humanitarian aid, and spoke out in defense of Korean people and cultural heritage.
1644:
a people defined by their essential sorrow, so many people have attached so many disparate meanings to it that it has become a confused mishmash of ideas, in the same way that 'hysteria' became a meaningless term signifying any person, usually a woman, who displays extreme emotional behaviour.
1868:
What does it mean for a second-generation Korean
American to grieve for an uncle who disappeared in North Korea long before she was born? What does it mean for a second-generation Korean American to feel personally degraded by the soldiers who raped thousands of
1659:, and believed that most Japanese national art was Korean in origin or an imitation of Korean art. Yanagi gradually changed his theory of Korean art from the "beauty of sorrow" to the "beauty of health", the "beauty of naturalness", and the "beauty of unity".
1328:
in classical Korean literature was rare but suddenly became more prominent in the early 20th century. Traditional Korean stories almost always have happy endings. According to Kim Yol-kyu, Koreans used humor as one way to relieve pent-up
1471:
wrote: "The anger, bitterness, and sorrow built up inside us have become mixed together, and it could be said that the passing of the
Yunghui Emperor has touched the hearts of the Joseon people and released their pent-up sadness."
1345:
epics have happy endings. According to Minsoo Kang, "there is not a single piece of evidence that anyone prior to the 20th century thought that the word held some special meaning for the Korean character". A national culture of
1065:, is a concept of an emotion, variously described as some form of grief or resentment, among others, that is said to be an essential element of Korean identity by some, and a modern post-colonial identity by others.
1292:
was constructed entirely in the modern era". According to Kang: "The idea itself has roots in the
Japanese imperial ideology that was used to justify the subjugation and exploitation of Koreans during the colonial
1149:: "A complex emotional cluster often translated as 'resentful sorrow.' Thought by many to be essentially Korean, and by many others to be the product of modern, post-colonial efforts to create a 'Korean' essence."
1282:
as a national characteristic is recent and arises from
Koreans' "modern search for national essences in the wake of colonialism, and in the midst of authoritarian capitalist development and national division".
1315:
in 1897, and is rarely found in classical Korean literature. According to Michael D. Shin: "In actuality, classical Korean literature is full of joy and satire and humor, stuff that you don't associate with
1162:
as "the collective trauma and the memories of sufferings imposed upon in the name of oppression over the course of the nation's five thousand-odd years of history". Kim said that the meaning of
2543:
1024:
1662:
Despite receiving criticism for his theory, Yanagi Sōetsu has oft been praised for his humanism and preservation of traditional Korean art. In 1984, he was posthumously awarded the
1740:
focuses on the trials and tribulations of the characters, commonly without reaching the happy ending because of the contemporary popularity of excerpt performances. The history of
5011:
1122:
is frequently translated as sorrow, spite, rancor, regret, resentment or grief, among many other attempts to explain a concept that has no English equivalent." The novelist
1810:
discuss the concept of "han": Silk describes her interpretation as “...its like collective grief and resentment we carry because of oppression”. While fighting the villain
722:
1635:
that emerged in the 20th century. Minsoo Kang calls the idea of a Korean character shaped by foreign invasions a modern myth that is still circulating today.
1617:
Mark Peterson disagrees with the view that Korea experienced many invasions, a view that he says is a 20th-century phenomenon that was advocated during the
2313:
968:
2553:
906:
1795:
1031:
387:
1191:
as a generational feeling of "having been 'wronged' by a superior agent", such as fate or the government; he says that the accumulated
941:
717:
1531:
transformed from a personal sense of sorrow and resentment to a broader, national experience of unrelenting suffering and injustice".
237:
1935:. More recently, in her hybrid creative nonfiction poem "I, Discomfort Woman: A Fugue in F Minor," published in 2023 in The Margins/
3818:
1202:
is "intensely personal, yet carried around collectively, a national torch, a badge of suffering tempered by a sense of resiliency".
1766:
679:
2208:
382:
3788:
3717:
3693:
3673:
3617:
3593:
3505:
3485:
3442:
3422:
3398:
2481:
2444:
2352:
1252:, or a "constant feeling of being less than whole", because of not having a collective identity as a result of the continued
610:
1877:? Why should their dehumanization affect her so viscerally? How can a second-generation Korean American feel wounded by the
1216:: "In fact, it's modern. It's a term that captures something of the modern experience of Koreans." Shin says that defining
712:
628:
1535:
was used politically to promote "Korean uniqueness" and ethnic-national solidarity through a sense of "shared suffering".
4855:
4759:
1936:
1406:
did not exist in ancient Korea but was an idea anachronistically imposed on Koreans during the Japanese colonial period.
1563:
is an inherent characteristic of the Korean character ... It becomes part of the blood and breath of a person". Korean
375:
4969:
901:
734:
699:
4771:
3635:
3315:
Chu, Seo-Young (1 December 2008). "Science Fiction and Postmemory Han in Contemporary Korean American Literature".
1389:
1195:
in Korea is enormous because of a long history of suffering from invasion, poverty, and international indifference.
946:
653:
272:
249:
4843:
1761:
1666:
957:
951:
889:
3407:
Ch'ŏe, Yŏngho (2008), "Yanagi Muneyoshi and the Kwanghwa Gate in Seoul, Korea", in de Bary, Wm. Theodore (ed.),
1627:) a myth, and argues that premodern Korean history is characterized by very long periods of peace. According to
35:
4729:
3525:
3249:
Kim, Elaine H. (1993). "Home Is Where the Han Is: A Korean American Perspective on the Los Angeles Upheavals".
2323:
2141:
1080:, that it is a national characteristic of the Korean people, is a modern phenomenon that originated during the
505:
365:
112:
3743:
Shim, Jung-Soon (19 August 2004), "The Shaman and the Epic Theatre: the Nature of Han in the Korean Theatre",
1822:. The fight concludes with Brawn delivering a knockout punch while saying: "We're Korean. We're born angry!"
1523:
itself emerged as a significant ideological concept during the 1970s" and "ome contend that it was during the
5059:
4704:
2982:
779:
1776:
5036:
3811:
1931:), Americans of Korean descent are sometimes portrayed as experiencing "Americanized" or second-generation
1081:
831:
397:
370:
3212:
3184:
2247:
1373:, and argues that the "awkward" and "terrifying" way in which it was expressed suggests that a culture of
1256:. Furthermore, new generations of Koreans seemingly inherit it because of growing up in a divided country.
226:
5107:
4959:
3457:
1690:
Frost can fall even in May and June, if a woman harbors a grudge . (A woman's vengeance knows no bounds.)
1579:
1378:
1017:
894:
648:
159:
1578:, and thus resentment and suffering, as a national characteristic of the Korean people may have been an
1084:
from Japanese colonial stereotypes and the characterization of Korean art and culture as "sorrowful" in
4989:
3548:
Kim, Sandra So Hee Chi (2017), "Korean Han and the Postcolonial Afterlives of "The Beauty of Sorrow"",
3514:
Killick, Andrew P. (2003), "Jockeying for Tradition: The Checkered History of Korean Ch'angguk Opera",
3477:
1771:
1631:, the dominant narrative depicting Korean history as "one of almost incessant foreign incursions" is a
615:
392:
3727:
2381:
2340:
Korean National Identity under Japanese Colonial Rule: Yi Gwangsu and the March First Movement of 1919
1263:
in Korean is "a postcolonial translation of a Japanese colonial construct". Similar manifestations of
5102:
5069:
4964:
4766:
3665:
3414:
2146:
1878:
1811:
1618:
1437:
963:
921:
916:
658:
605:
599:
475:
1092:
is a specifically Korean characteristic was adopted and popularized by Koreans in the 20th century.
5112:
4922:
4887:
3928:
3550:
3038:
3010:
879:
360:
355:
232:
5064:
4979:
4823:
4546:
4038:
3804:
3074:
2180:
1358:
884:
813:
643:
182:
3431:
Choi, Sunghee (2014), "Re-thinking Korean cultural identities at the National Museum of Korea",
4907:
4850:
4714:
4644:
4496:
4235:
3831:
3780:
3626:
Moon, Hellena (1 November 2013), "Genealogy of the Modern Theological Understanding of Han 恨",
1842:
1604:
1540:
1497:
Ethnic nationalism’s processes took the colonial origin of "the beauty of sorrow" and produced
1166:
is ambiguous. Kim Yol-kyu provided examples of stories, poems, and songs in which some form of
869:
684:
2471:
2434:
2338:
4994:
4639:
4444:
3873:
3745:
3516:
3390:
2508:
1904:
638:
197:
126:
5006:
4949:
4939:
4927:
4838:
4833:
4818:
4803:
4719:
4669:
4664:
4609:
4469:
4220:
2987:
1441:
1394:
798:
739:
350:
322:
244:
3342:
1397:, in which approximately 2,000,000 Koreans participated in more than 1,500 demonstrations.
8:
4954:
4917:
4902:
4872:
4813:
4798:
4754:
4739:
4634:
4624:
4270:
3709:
1954:
According to Minsoo Kang, South Koreans and Korean Americans have different views toward
1943:, writing: "Han I reclaim and redefine as my Korean American response to injustice" and "
1882:
1814:(who laments at feeling invisible because his crimes didn't attract the attention of the
1655:
Yanagi had of Korean art: He expressed admiration and praise for Korean art, such as the
1236:
as "the complex of emotions that result from the traumatic loss of collective identity".
808:
803:
402:
3578:
Lee, Ihn-Bum (2011), "On the Debate about the Colour White", in Sasaki, Ken-ichi (ed.),
2575:
42:
4912:
4892:
4877:
4867:
4808:
4788:
4749:
4744:
4709:
4694:
4654:
4614:
4486:
4225:
4215:
3863:
3762:
3647:
3567:
3537:
3497:
Japanese Modernisation and Mingei Theory: Cultural Nationalism and Oriental Orientalism
3266:
2000:
1962:, viewing it as a thing of the past, while Korean Americans attach great importance to
1324:
is a very small and minor part of classical Korean literature." According to Go Misuk,
1005:
993:
694:
558:
407:
327:
211:
167:
3661:
In Pursuit of Composite Beauty: Yanagi Soetsu, His Aesthetics and Aspiration for Peace
2782:
4897:
4724:
4699:
4676:
4649:
4464:
4454:
4311:
4301:
4168:
4095:
4028:
3998:
3784:
3766:
3713:
3689:
3669:
3651:
3613:
3589:
3571:
3541:
3501:
3481:
3438:
3418:
3394:
3258:
2477:
2440:
2348:
2252:
2213:
2134:
2039:
1995:
1912:
1815:
1362:
1253:
858:
633:
345:
1377:
did not exist at that time. According to William Blair, it was an outpouring of the
5054:
4860:
4828:
4501:
4459:
4375:
4370:
3754:
3639:
3559:
3529:
3324:
3297:
2376:
1928:
1456:
1268:
1221:
1175:
305:
267:
1611:
1425:
1085:
5016:
4984:
4882:
4689:
4681:
4619:
4506:
4125:
3774:
3703:
3683:
3659:
3603:
3579:
3495:
3471:
3452:
3432:
3408:
3384:
3043:
3015:
2318:
2185:
2010:
1857:
1853:
1830:
1819:
1050:
973:
820:
520:
500:
317:
291:
146:
140:
874:
5041:
4974:
4793:
4474:
4434:
4360:
4008:
3609:
3286:"Science Fiction and Postmemory Han in Contemporary Korean American Literature"
3285:
2005:
1920:
1524:
1476:
became political because Sunjong's death symbolized the end of Korean history.
1241:
578:
535:
465:
311:
277:
3758:
3643:
3066:
1587:
in education started as early as elementary school. According to Minsoo Kang,
5096:
5049:
4734:
4418:
4284:
4136:
4105:
4033:
3938:
3605:
The Holy Spirit Movement in Korea: Its Historical and Theological Development
3262:
2789:
2515:
1897:
According to Chu's 2008 essay, in many Korean American literary works (e.g.,
1870:
1860:
and Postmemory Han in Contemporary Korean American Literature," published in
1849:
1834:
1818:), Silk and Brawn enumerate a number of indignities regularly experienced by
1807:
1783:
1628:
1312:
851:
765:
758:
510:
437:
297:
3328:
3301:
1104:
177:
5021:
4934:
4778:
4230:
4158:
4045:
3908:
3473:
American Grand Strategy and East Asian Security in the Twenty-First Century
1886:
1874:
1272:
1131:
728:
573:
568:
540:
530:
515:
442:
432:
3533:
1976:
According to a study from 1994, based on personal interviews, exposure to
4588:
4561:
4400:
4338:
4210:
4178:
4100:
4080:
3973:
3563:
1890:
1803:
1791:
1468:
1285:
1123:
772:
563:
525:
495:
485:
480:
470:
447:
3386:
Kingdom of Beauty: Mingei and the Politics of Folk Art in Imperial Japan
3270:
3156:
1393:
Yanagi Sōetsu was prompted to write about the "beauty of sorrow" by the
5026:
4385:
4255:
4065:
3958:
3953:
3853:
3848:
1564:
1245:
911:
414:
117:
4576:
4551:
4538:
4481:
4427:
4321:
4296:
4265:
4173:
4130:
4110:
4060:
4055:
3993:
3988:
3963:
3903:
3883:
3868:
3858:
3585:
3073:. USC Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences.
2344:
1982:
1948:
1944:
1656:
1311:" is not found in the first Korean–English dictionary, published by
4571:
4566:
4556:
4491:
4328:
4250:
4240:
4205:
4192:
4075:
4018:
3968:
3948:
689:
203:
3796:
5001:
4581:
4529:
4523:
4449:
4409:
4395:
4390:
4380:
4291:
4151:
4050:
4013:
3983:
3978:
3943:
3923:
3913:
3898:
3840:
3827:
1712:
1463:. Following his death in 1926, an article said that his "life of
1288:
argues that "the notion that Koreans are essentially a people of
1267:
exist in other Asian languages and cultures, but it has acquired
864:
825:
1402:
As a national phenomenon or specifically Korean characteristic,
1259:
Sandra So Hee Chi Kim argues that the current usage of the word
5031:
4365:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4197:
4144:
4003:
3918:
1899:
1744:
in the late 20th century, including the recent canonization of
1574:
During the authoritarian regime of Park Chung Hee, the idea of
490:
80:
5012:
Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems
1076:
did not exist in premodern Korea. The contemporary concept of
4513:
4439:
4333:
4306:
4185:
4120:
4115:
4085:
4023:
3893:
3888:
1861:
1716:. In the late 20th century, the sorrowful "Western style" of
1681:
is expressed in Korean proverbs about womanhood and poverty:
1548:
217:
96:
2745:
2040:"Unique Korean Cultural Concepts in Interpersonal Relations"
1501:
as an ethnonational, biologistic badge of Korean uniqueness.
4316:
4277:
4260:
4163:
4090:
4070:
3878:
3702:
Pilzer, Joshua D. (2016), "Musics of East Asia II: Korea",
1632:
2962:
2721:
2552:(in Korean). Munhakdongne Publishing Group. Archived from
1951:
way of experiencing political agency and creative power."
4245:
3933:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2733:
2622:
2620:
1885:
cut her own body in half? Is it possible for her to feel
1510:
and the Postcolonial Afterlives of "The Beauty of Sorrow"
1415:
and the Postcolonial Afterlives of "The Beauty of Sorrow"
1353:
According to Michael D. Shin, a collective expression of
131:
50:
1893:, an alien land where she has never been? –Seo-Young Chu
1881:(DMZ)—as though the wound were still raw, as though the
46:
3125:
3101:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
3465:, Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations
2919:
2832:
2709:
2661:
2649:
2617:
2605:
2593:
1220:
in terms of emotions is highly subjective; almost any
1138:, says that Koreans have different interpretations of
1072:
in premodern Korea is disputed. A national culture of
3089:
2885:
2883:
2868:
2822:
2820:
2413:
2411:
2284:
2282:
1802:(Vol.1#1; released on August 25, 2021) Korean heroes
3137:
3113:
2950:
2757:
2697:
2685:
2673:
2632:
2080:
1361:
of 1907. William Blair, a missionary, described the
3434:
National Museums: New Studies from Around the World
3317:
MELUS: Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States
2938:
2895:
2856:
1825:
1440:stereotypes of Korea and its people. Following the
1088:'s theory of the "beauty of sorrow". The idea that
3410:Sources of East Asian Tradition: The modern period
2880:
2844:
2817:
2805:
2408:
2279:
2267:
2103:
1095:
3360:
3239:Marvel Voices:Identity, Issue #1 August 25, 2021
2983:"Yanagi exhibit navigates critic's controversies"
2907:
2396:
2160:
2056:
1591:has declined significantly since the late 1990s.
1337:is always accompanied by humor in folk music and
5094:
4407:
2375:Chong, Byong-Wuk; Lee, Peter H.; Kwon, Du-Hwan.
1583:education scholar, said that her inculcation of
1424:, as a national characteristic, originated from
1357:was observed by Western missionaries during the
1248:. According to Shin, all Koreans may experience
3776:Korean Pentecostalism: Its History and Theology
2538:
2536:
2534:
2068:
907:Legitimacy Theory of the Provisional Government
4282:
1845:in her 1993 essay "Home Is Where The Han Is".
1430:
3812:
1571:was a national sentiment in premodern Korea.
1107:, which means resentment, hatred, or regret.
1025:
45:. Consider transferring direct quotations to
4586:
4425:
4416:
4183:
2531:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
1966:, viewing it as a way to build an identity.
1958:: South Koreans attach little importance to
1693:
1685:
1622:
1130:as both sadness and hope. The film director
1054:
102:
86:
5085:indicate emotion names in foreign languages
4149:
3558:(1), University of Hawai'i Press: 253–279,
1710:, as a theme, is expressed in contemporary
1669:, the first to be awarded to a non-Korean.
1278:According to Joshua D. Pilzer, the idea of
3819:
3805:
3753:(3), Cambridge University Press: 216–224,
3705:Excursions in World Music, Seventh Edition
1032:
1018:
969:Korean independence movement organizations
718:Anti-Imperialist National Democratic Front
3406:
3343:"I, Discomfort Woman: A Fugue in F Minor"
2751:
2294:
1720:overtook the vigorous "Eastern style" of
1551:, "We Koreans were born from the womb of
1244:: families who were separated during the
3067:"Myths and Truths about Premodern Korea"
3036:
3008:
2502:
2500:
2374:
2033:
2031:
1603:Yanagi Sōetsu viewed the "whiteness" of
1598:
1388:
1228:". He argues that the central aspect of
1114:are highly subjective. According to the
723:Committee for the Peaceful Reunification
3513:
3493:
2968:
2932:
2874:
2727:
2715:
2667:
2655:
2626:
2611:
2599:
2465:
2463:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2206:
1559:", and the film critic Ahn Byung-Sup, "
680:Center for Historical Truth and Justice
388:June 15th North–South Joint Declaration
5095:
3701:
3657:
3382:
3143:
3131:
3119:
3107:
2944:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2763:
2739:
2703:
2679:
2643:
2428:
2426:
2097:
2037:
1103:is derived from the Chinese character
3800:
3681:
2956:
2691:
2497:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2028:
1980:was deemed one of the main causes of
1702:
1428:'s theory of the "beauty of sorrow" (
145:
36:too many or overly lengthy quotations
3742:
3625:
3469:
3453:"Between Blockbusters and Art Films"
3430:
3095:
2901:
2862:
2460:
2436:위대한 미술책: 곰브리치에서 에코까지 세상을 바꾼 미술 명저 62
2336:
2311:
2228:
2178:
2109:
1736:epics end happily, but contemporary
18:
3826:
3772:
3725:
3601:
3577:
3547:
3366:
3314:
3283:
3248:
3037:Peterson, Mark (23 February 2020).
2913:
2889:
2850:
2838:
2826:
2811:
2780:
2769:
2506:
2469:
2432:
2423:
2417:
2402:
2288:
2273:
2209:"A complex feeling tugs at Koreans"
2207:Glionna, John M. (5 January 2011).
2166:
2132:
2062:
1543:aspect, as seen in descriptions of
1515:Sandra So Hee Chi Kim's article on
1110:Definitions and characteristics of
13:
3450:
3064:
2322:. Aeon Media Group. Archived from
2115:
2074:
1748:, has led to great concern in the
1302:
1179:theologian Suh Nam-dong described
383:July 4 South–North Joint Statement
14:
5124:
1848:Korean American scholar and poet
1728:began being called the "sound of
1384:
1240:is most commonly associated with
1232:is loss of identity, and defines
942:Activists for Korean independence
902:Korean nationalist historiography
735:Korean National Youth Association
713:21C Korea College Students' Union
4528:
4522:
3685:The Boundaries of "the Japanese"
3347:Asian American Writers' Workshop
3009:Peterson, Mark (22 March 2020).
2980:
2473:한국 근대사 산책 8 : 만주사변에서 신사참배까지
2245:
1937:Asian American Writers' Workshop
1826:In the Korean American community
1134:, many of whose films deal with
999:
987:
654:National Independence Federation
250:Three Principles of the Equality
176:
23:
3636:Springer Science+Business Media
3335:
3308:
3277:
3242:
3233:
3219:Naver English-Korean Dictionary
3205:
3191:Naver English-Korean Dictionary
3177:
3149:
3077:from the original on 2021-12-22
3058:
3030:
3011:"Misconception about invasions"
3002:
2974:
2568:
2368:
2330:
1939:, Chu responds to criticism of
1762:Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown
1459:, was directly associated with
1096:Definitions and characteristics
2545:조선 예술에 미치다 (무색미학으로 본 한국인의 미의식)
2312:Kang, Minsoo (18 March 2022).
2200:
2172:
2142:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
1917:Notes from the Divided Country
1694:
1686:
1623:
1567:anachronistically argued that
1555:and brought up in the womb of
1491:
1198:According to John M. Glionna,
1055:
103:
87:
1:
3728:"Hwabyung (火病) - An Overview"
2016:
1698:" (as poor as a church mouse)
5037:Social emotional development
3071:USC Korean Studies Institute
2314:"The problem with 'han' 한 恨"
2038:Bannon, David (2008-01-03).
2021:
1969:
1947:I reclaim and redefine as a
1594:
1082:Japanese occupation of Korea
398:Korean independence movement
7:
4283:
3526:University of Hawai'i Press
3458:Harvard Asia Pacific Review
2179:Huer, Jon (22 March 2009).
1989:
1672:
1580:ideological state apparatus
132:
118:
10:
5129:
3588:/ Kyoto University Press,
3478:Cambridge University Press
3376:
3165:(in Korean). Design Jungle
2181:"Psychology of Korean Han"
1677:According to Kim Yol-kyu,
1297:
1212:Michael D. Shin describes
804:Blue and Red National Flag
393:June 3 Resistance movement
5080:
4599:
4537:
4520:
3839:
3759:10.1017/S0266464X04000119
3666:University of Tokyo Press
3644:10.1007/s11089-013-0574-0
3415:Columbia University Press
2781:한승동 (28 September 2007).
2507:이문영 (28 September 2007).
2147:Academy of Korean Studies
2044:Translation Journal 12(1)
1800:Marvel's Voices: Identity
1687:여자가 한을 품으면 오뉴월에도 서리가 내린다.
1455:The last Korean emperor,
1431:
1145:Joshua D. Pilzer defines
964:Korean ethnic nationalism
659:Unified Progressive Party
606:Liberal Unification Party
139:
125:
111:
95:
79:
74:
4970:in virtual communication
3732:Psychiatry Investigation
3664:, Trans Pacific Press /
3602:Lee, Young-hoon (2009),
3213:
3186:여자가 한을 품으면 오뉴월에도 서리가 내린다
3185:
3157:
2783:
2544:
2509:
2248:"A Brief History of Han"
2135:
1856:han" in her 2008 essay "
1619:Japanese colonial period
1527:regime that the idea of
1467:" ended in sadness. The
1350:did not exist in Korea.
700:Voluntary Agency Network
43:summarize the quotations
3773:Yoo, Boo-Woong (1988),
3688:, Trans Pacific Press,
3470:Kang, David C. (2017),
3284:Chu, Seo-Young (2008).
2580:Encyclopædia Britannica
2382:Encyclopædia Britannica
1759:has been referenced in
1667:Order of Cultural Merit
1359:Great Pyongyang Revival
644:Korea Nationalist Party
273:Anti-Japanese sentiment
183:Korean Unification Flag
16:Korean concept of grief
4587:
4426:
4417:
4408:
4184:
4150:
3726:Rhi, Bou-Yong (2004),
3494:Kikuchi, Yuko (2004),
3451:Im, Kwon-Taek (1997),
2576:"March First Movement"
2337:Shin, Michael (2018).
1895:
1843:1992 Los Angeles riots
1788:New York State of Mind
1767:Koreatown, Los Angeles
1652:
1608:
1605:Joseon white porcelain
1513:
1418:
1398:
1006:North Korea portal
994:South Korea portal
952:Anti-Chinese sentiment
870:Goguryeo controversies
685:Liberation Association
629:Democratic Labor Party
553:Activists (after 1945)
3746:New Theatre Quarterly
3658:Nakami, Mari (2011),
3534:10.1353/atj.2003.0006
3517:Asian Theatre Journal
3391:Duke University Press
3329:10.1093/melus/33.4.97
3302:10.1093/melus/33.4.97
3257:(1/2 (51-52)): 1–21.
2476:(in Korean). 인물과사상사.
2133:Kim, Yol-kyu (1996).
1909:The Language of Blood
1905:Theresa Hak Kyung Cha
1889:for the mountains of
1866:
1637:
1602:
1495:
1400:
1392:
639:Korean National Party
5007:Group affective tone
3710:Taylor & Francis
3682:Oguma, Eiji (2014),
3564:10.1353/ks.2017.0026
3383:Brandt, Kim (2007),
2988:Korea JoongAng Daily
2556:on 27 September 2018
2510:야나기 무네요시의 두얼굴/정일성 지음
1519:says that "the term
1442:March First Movement
1395:March First Movement
1158:Kim Yol-kyu defined
880:Japan–Korea disputes
832:White-clothed people
740:White Shirts Society
351:Inter-Korean summits
113:Revised Romanization
5060:constructed emotion
4730:functional accounts
3628:Pastoral Psychology
3039:"Longest dynasties"
2971:, pp. 134–140.
2841:, pp. 266–267.
2784:야나기는 진정 조선예술을 사랑했을까
2754:, pp. 551–553.
2742:, pp. 104–105.
2730:, pp. 138–139.
2433:이진숙 (14 May 2014).
2377:"Korean literature"
1841:in relation to the
1755:In American media,
1187:Jon Huer describes
1116:Translation Journal
1068:The historicity of
780:Voice of the People
707:Inactive or defunct
623:Inactive or defunct
403:June Tenth Movement
238:National Liberation
5108:Korean nationalism
4960:in decision-making
4201:(sense of purpose)
2439:(in Korean). 민음사.
2001:Invented tradition
1879:Demilitarized Zone
1703:In popular culture
1609:
1399:
895:Korean Eastern Sea
695:Unification Church
408:March 1st Movement
328:Self-determination
169:Korean nationalism
5090:
5089:
4677:Appeal to emotion
4455:Social connection
3790:978-3-8204-1664-0
3719:978-1-317-21375-8
3695:978-1-920901-48-6
3675:978-1-920901-34-9
3619:978-1-60608-627-8
3595:978-9971-69-500-2
3507:978-1-134-42955-4
3487:978-1-316-73139-0
3444:978-1-317-72314-1
3424:978-0-231-14323-3
3400:978-0-8223-4000-3
3134:, pp. 93–94.
3110:, pp. 97–98.
3098:, pp. 81–82.
2483:978-89-5906-339-0
2446:978-89-374-8890-0
2354:978-1-134-83064-0
2326:on 18 March 2022.
2253:The Korea Society
2246:Shin, Michael D.
2214:Los Angeles Times
1996:Emotional baggage
1913:Jane Jeong Trenka
1852:coined the term "
1784:Marvel Comic Book
1732:". All surviving
1446:beauty of sadness
1438:Japanese colonial
1254:division of Korea
1153:Essentialist view
1042:
1041:
859:The Cleanest Race
634:Independence Club
611:Progressive Party
346:Division of Korea
153:
152:
127:McCune–Reischauer
68:
67:
5120:
5103:Culture of Korea
5065:discrete emotion
4965:in the workplace
4861:Empathy quotient
4592:
4532:
4526:
4431:
4422:
4413:
4288:
4189:
4155:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3769:
3739:
3722:
3698:
3678:
3654:
3622:
3598:
3581:Asian Aesthetics
3574:
3544:
3510:
3490:
3466:
3447:
3427:
3403:
3370:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2981:Moon, So-young.
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2878:
2872:
2866:
2860:
2854:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2778:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2749:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2725:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2630:
2624:
2615:
2609:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2540:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2504:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2430:
2421:
2415:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2309:
2292:
2286:
2277:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2243:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2130:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2035:
1929:Nora Okja Keller
1794:, with art from
1697:
1696:
1689:
1688:
1650:
1626:
1625:
1511:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1416:
1341:. All surviving
1269:ethnonationalist
1242:divided families
1222:negative emotion
1058:
1057:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1004:
1003:
1002:
992:
991:
990:
947:Anti-Americanism
875:Hangul supremacy
600:Democratic Party
306:Korean mythology
268:Anti-imperialism
180:
170:
155:
154:
149:
135:
121:
106:
105:
90:
89:
72:
71:
63:
60:
54:
27:
26:
19:
5128:
5127:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5117:
5113:Postcolonialism
5093:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5076:
5017:Jealousy in art
4760:in conversation
4682:Amygdala hijack
4595:
4533:
4527:
4518:
4507:sense of wonder
3835:
3825:
3791:
3720:
3696:
3676:
3620:
3596:
3508:
3488:
3445:
3425:
3401:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3365:
3361:
3352:
3350:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3313:
3309:
3282:
3278:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3222:
3215:
3211:
3210:
3206:
3196:
3194:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3166:
3159:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3142:
3138:
3130:
3126:
3118:
3114:
3106:
3102:
3094:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3063:
3059:
3049:
3047:
3044:The Korea Times
3035:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3016:The Korea Times
3007:
3003:
2993:
2991:
2979:
2975:
2967:
2963:
2955:
2951:
2943:
2939:
2931:
2920:
2912:
2908:
2900:
2896:
2888:
2881:
2873:
2869:
2861:
2857:
2849:
2845:
2837:
2833:
2825:
2818:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2785:
2779:
2770:
2762:
2758:
2750:
2746:
2738:
2734:
2726:
2722:
2714:
2710:
2702:
2698:
2690:
2686:
2678:
2674:
2666:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2642:
2633:
2625:
2618:
2610:
2606:
2598:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2532:
2522:
2520:
2511:
2505:
2498:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2468:
2461:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2431:
2424:
2416:
2409:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2373:
2369:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2335:
2331:
2310:
2295:
2287:
2280:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2244:
2229:
2219:
2217:
2205:
2201:
2191:
2189:
2186:The Korea Times
2177:
2173:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2149:
2137:
2131:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2096:
2081:
2073:
2069:
2061:
2057:
2048:
2046:
2036:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2011:Korean language
1992:
1974:
1858:Science Fiction
1837:has written on
1831:Korean American
1828:
1820:Asian Americans
1705:
1695:똥구멍이 찢어지게 가난하다.
1675:
1651:
1648:
1639:The history of
1597:
1512:
1505:
1494:
1429:
1420:The concept of
1417:
1410:
1387:
1333:, which is why
1305:
1303:Premodern Korea
1300:
1275:tones in Korea.
1224:can be called "
1098:
1038:
1000:
998:
988:
986:
979:
978:
974:Sunshine Policy
937:
929:
928:
846:
838:
837:
821:Paektu Mountain
794:
786:
785:
753:
745:
744:
704:
672:
664:
663:
620:
592:
584:
583:
554:
546:
545:
521:Lyuh Woon-hyung
501:Kwon Young-ghil
461:
453:
452:
428:
420:
419:
341:
333:
332:
318:Postcolonialism
292:Korean diaspora
263:
255:
254:
193:
185:
168:
147:[ha̠ːn]
107:
91:
64:
58:
55:
49:or excerpts to
40:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5126:
5116:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5088:
5087:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5070:somatic marker
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5044:
5042:Stoic passions
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4990:social sharing
4987:
4982:
4980:self-conscious
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4925:
4923:thought method
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4888:lateralization
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4864:
4863:
4858:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4783:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4715:classification
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4667:
4659:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4629:
4628:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4543:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4435:Sentimentality
4432:
4423:
4414:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4331:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4280:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4271:at first sight
4268:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4195:
4190:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4147:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4009:Disappointment
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3845:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3824:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3801:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3770:
3740:
3723:
3718:
3699:
3694:
3679:
3674:
3655:
3623:
3618:
3610:Wipf and Stock
3599:
3594:
3575:
3551:Korean Studies
3545:
3511:
3506:
3491:
3486:
3467:
3448:
3443:
3428:
3423:
3404:
3399:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3359:
3334:
3307:
3276:
3251:Social Justice
3241:
3232:
3214:똥구멍이 찢어지게 가난하다
3204:
3176:
3148:
3136:
3124:
3112:
3100:
3088:
3065:Duncan, John.
3057:
3029:
3001:
2973:
2961:
2959:, p. 114.
2949:
2937:
2935:, p. 138.
2918:
2906:
2904:, p. 292.
2894:
2892:, p. 261.
2879:
2867:
2865:, p. 422.
2855:
2853:, p. 222.
2843:
2831:
2829:, p. 266.
2816:
2814:, p. 262.
2804:
2768:
2756:
2744:
2732:
2720:
2718:, p. 129.
2708:
2696:
2694:, p. 111.
2684:
2672:
2670:, p. 140.
2660:
2658:, p. 125.
2648:
2631:
2629:, p. 137.
2616:
2614:, p. 131.
2604:
2602:, p. 126.
2592:
2567:
2530:
2496:
2482:
2459:
2445:
2422:
2420:, p. 258.
2407:
2395:
2367:
2353:
2329:
2293:
2291:, p. 257.
2278:
2276:, p. 274.
2266:
2227:
2199:
2171:
2169:, p. 221.
2159:
2114:
2112:, p. 216.
2102:
2100:, p. 171.
2079:
2067:
2065:, p. 256.
2055:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2006:Korean culture
2003:
1998:
1991:
1988:
1973:
1968:
1921:Suji Kwock Kim
1827:
1824:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1691:
1674:
1671:
1646:
1596:
1593:
1525:Park Chung Hee
1503:
1493:
1490:
1408:
1386:
1385:Colonial Korea
1383:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1283:
1276:
1257:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1196:
1185:
1171:
1155:
1154:
1097:
1094:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1008:
996:
981:
980:
977:
976:
971:
966:
961:
954:
949:
944:
938:
936:Related topics
935:
934:
931:
930:
927:
926:
925:
924:
919:
909:
904:
899:
898:
897:
892:
887:
877:
872:
867:
862:
855:
847:
844:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
828:
823:
818:
817:
816:
811:
806:
795:
792:
791:
788:
787:
784:
783:
776:
769:
762:
754:
751:
750:
747:
746:
743:
742:
737:
732:
725:
720:
715:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
673:
670:
669:
666:
665:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
619:
618:
616:Workers' Party
613:
608:
603:
593:
590:
589:
586:
585:
582:
581:
579:Sun Myung Moon
576:
571:
566:
561:
555:
552:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:
538:
536:Park Chung Hee
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
466:Hwang Jang-yop
462:
459:
458:
455:
454:
451:
450:
445:
440:
435:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:
418:
417:
412:
411:
410:
405:
395:
390:
385:
380:
379:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
348:
342:
339:
338:
335:
334:
331:
330:
325:
320:
315:
312:Minjok jeonggi
308:
303:
302:
301:
289:
282:
281:
280:
278:Decolonization
275:
264:
261:
260:
257:
256:
253:
252:
247:
242:
241:
240:
230:
223:
222:
221:
209:
208:
207:
194:
191:
190:
187:
186:
181:
173:
172:
164:
163:
151:
150:
143:
137:
136:
129:
123:
122:
115:
109:
108:
101:
99:
93:
92:
85:
83:
77:
76:
66:
65:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5125:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5084:
5079:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4936:
4933:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4824:dysregulation
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4772:interpersonal
4770:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4761:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4626:
4625:in psychology
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4610:consciousness
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4598:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4531:
4525:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4419:Schadenfreude
4415:
4412:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4285:Mono no aware
4281:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4139:
4138:
4137:Joie de vivre
4134:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4106:Gratification
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4034:Embarrassment
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3939:Belongingness
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3833:
3829:
3822:
3817:
3815:
3810:
3808:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3792:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3721:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3706:
3700:
3697:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3680:
3677:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3621:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3600:
3597:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3582:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3503:
3500:, Routledge,
3499:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3474:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3446:
3440:
3437:, Routledge,
3436:
3435:
3429:
3426:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3405:
3402:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3369:, p. 22.
3368:
3363:
3348:
3344:
3338:
3330:
3326:
3323:(4): 97–121.
3322:
3318:
3311:
3303:
3299:
3296:(4): 97–121.
3295:
3291:
3287:
3280:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3245:
3236:
3220:
3216:
3208:
3192:
3188:
3180:
3164:
3160:
3152:
3146:, p. 92.
3145:
3140:
3133:
3128:
3122:, p. 91.
3121:
3116:
3109:
3104:
3097:
3092:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3061:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3033:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3005:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2965:
2958:
2953:
2946:
2941:
2934:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2916:, p. 73.
2915:
2910:
2903:
2898:
2891:
2886:
2884:
2877:, p. 59.
2876:
2871:
2864:
2859:
2852:
2847:
2840:
2835:
2828:
2823:
2821:
2813:
2808:
2792:
2791:
2790:The Hankyoreh
2786:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2766:, p. 25.
2765:
2760:
2753:
2748:
2741:
2736:
2729:
2724:
2717:
2712:
2706:, p. 32.
2705:
2700:
2693:
2688:
2682:, p. 30.
2681:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2657:
2652:
2646:, p. 31.
2645:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2628:
2623:
2621:
2613:
2608:
2601:
2596:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2518:
2517:
2516:Seoul Shinmun
2512:
2503:
2501:
2485:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2466:
2464:
2448:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2429:
2427:
2419:
2414:
2412:
2405:, p. 28.
2404:
2399:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2371:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2333:
2325:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2290:
2285:
2283:
2275:
2270:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2203:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2163:
2148:
2145:(in Korean).
2144:
2143:
2138:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2111:
2106:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2077:, p. 85.
2076:
2071:
2064:
2059:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2032:
2027:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1925:Comfort Woman
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:38th parallel
1880:
1876:
1872:
1871:comfort women
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1850:Seo-Young Chu
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1835:Elaine H. Kim
1832:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1790:, written by
1789:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1772:The West Wing
1768:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1692:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1645:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1629:David C. Kang
1620:
1615:
1613:
1612:Yanagi Sōetsu
1606:
1601:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1509:
1502:
1500:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1427:
1426:Yanagi Sōetsu
1423:
1414:
1407:
1405:
1396:
1391:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1313:James S. Gale
1310:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1086:Yanagi Sōetsu
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1007:
997:
995:
985:
984:
983:
982:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
959:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
939:
933:
932:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
865:Gando dispute
863:
861:
860:
856:
854:
853:
852:Bukjin Tongil
849:
848:
842:
841:
833:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
801:
800:
797:
796:
790:
789:
782:
781:
777:
775:
774:
770:
768:
767:
766:Rodong Sinmun
763:
761:
760:
759:The Hankyoreh
756:
755:
749:
748:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
730:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
709:
708:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
677:
676:
671:Organizations
668:
667:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
649:Liberal Party
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
625:
624:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
601:
598:
597:
596:
588:
587:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
550:
549:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
511:Lee Jae-myung
509:
507:
506:Lee Beom-seok
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
463:
457:
456:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
438:Choe Nam-seon
436:
434:
431:
430:
427:Intellectuals
424:
423:
416:
413:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
353:
352:
349:
347:
344:
343:
337:
336:
329:
326:
324:
323:Reunification
321:
319:
316:
314:
313:
309:
307:
304:
300:
299:
295:
294:
293:
290:
288:
287:
283:
279:
276:
274:
271:
270:
269:
266:
265:
259:
258:
251:
248:
246:
243:
239:
236:
235:
234:
231:
229:
228:
224:
220:
219:
215:
214:
213:
210:
206:
205:
201:
200:
199:
196:
195:
189:
188:
184:
179:
175:
174:
171:
166:
165:
161:
157:
156:
148:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
114:
110:
100:
98:
94:
84:
82:
78:
73:
70:
62:
59:December 2023
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
5082:
5022:Meta-emotion
4935:Emotionality
4908:responsivity
4856:and bullying
4851:intelligence
4661:Affectivity
4645:neuroscience
4615:in education
4198:
4159:Homesickness
4135:
4061:Enthrallment
4046:Emotion work
3909:Anticipation
3775:
3750:
3744:
3735:
3731:
3704:
3684:
3660:
3631:
3627:
3604:
3580:
3555:
3549:
3521:
3515:
3496:
3472:
3462:
3456:
3433:
3409:
3385:
3362:
3351:. Retrieved
3349:. 2023-02-21
3346:
3337:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3293:
3289:
3279:
3254:
3250:
3244:
3235:
3223:. Retrieved
3218:
3207:
3195:. Retrieved
3190:
3179:
3169:29 September
3167:. Retrieved
3162:
3151:
3139:
3127:
3115:
3103:
3091:
3079:. Retrieved
3070:
3060:
3048:. Retrieved
3042:
3032:
3020:. Retrieved
3014:
3004:
2992:. Retrieved
2986:
2976:
2969:Kikuchi 2004
2964:
2952:
2947:, p. 9.
2940:
2933:Kikuchi 2004
2909:
2897:
2875:Killick 2003
2870:
2858:
2846:
2834:
2807:
2797:28 September
2795:. Retrieved
2788:
2759:
2747:
2735:
2728:Kikuchi 2004
2723:
2716:Kikuchi 2004
2711:
2699:
2687:
2675:
2668:Kikuchi 2004
2663:
2656:Kikuchi 2004
2651:
2627:Kikuchi 2004
2612:Kikuchi 2004
2607:
2600:Kikuchi 2004
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2579:
2570:
2558:. Retrieved
2554:the original
2549:
2523:27 September
2521:. Retrieved
2514:
2489:27 September
2487:. Retrieved
2472:
2470:강준만 (2008).
2452:27 September
2450:. Retrieved
2435:
2398:
2386:. Retrieved
2380:
2370:
2358:. Retrieved
2339:
2332:
2324:the original
2317:
2269:
2257:. Retrieved
2251:
2218:. Retrieved
2212:
2202:
2190:. Retrieved
2184:
2174:
2162:
2150:. Retrieved
2140:
2105:
2070:
2058:
2047:. Retrieved
2043:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1953:
1940:
1932:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1867:
1847:
1838:
1829:
1799:
1798:and part of
1787:
1781:
1770:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1678:
1676:
1663:
1661:
1653:
1640:
1638:
1616:
1610:
1588:
1584:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1547:by the poet
1544:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1507:
1498:
1496:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1473:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1421:
1419:
1412:
1403:
1401:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1308:
1306:
1289:
1279:
1273:essentialist
1264:
1260:
1249:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1180:
1174:
1170:is depicted.
1167:
1163:
1159:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1132:Im Kwon-Taek
1127:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1089:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1045:
1044:
1043:
958:Gaecheonjeol
956:
857:
850:
799:Korean flags
778:
771:
764:
757:
729:Hanchongnyon
727:
706:
705:
674:
622:
621:
594:
574:Moon Ik-hwan
569:Lim Su-kyung
541:Syngman Rhee
531:Park Eun-sik
516:Lim Su-kyung
476:Kim Jae-yeon
443:Shin Chae-ho
433:Ahn Chang Ho
310:
296:
285:
284:
225:
216:
202:
198:Conservative
69:
56:
41:Please help
33:
4950:and culture
4755:recognition
4740:homeostatic
4640:forecasting
4589:Weltschmerz
4562:Misanthropy
4339:grandiosity
4221:Inspiration
4211:Infatuation
4179:Humiliation
4101:Frustration
3974:Contentment
3638:: 419–435,
3221:(in Korean)
3193:(in Korean)
3144:Nakami 2011
3132:Nakami 2011
3120:Nakami 2011
3108:Nakami 2011
2945:Brandt 2007
2793:(in Korean)
2764:Brandt 2007
2740:Nakami 2011
2704:Brandt 2007
2680:Brandt 2007
2644:Brandt 2007
2519:(in Korean)
2098:Pilzer 2016
1891:North Korea
1796:Lynne Yoshi
1792:Maurene Goo
1752:community.
1649:Minsoo Kang
1565:theologians
1541:biologistic
1539:acquired a
1492:South Korea
1469:Dong-a Ilbo
1379:Holy Spirit
1286:Minsoo Kang
1207:Modern view
1124:Pak Kyongni
1053::
814:Unification
773:Tongil News
564:Kim Ou-joon
559:Baek Ki-wan
526:Moon Jae-in
496:Kim Yo-jong
486:Kim Jong Un
481:Kim Jong Il
471:Kim Il Sung
460:Politicians
448:Yun Dong-ju
5097:Categories
5027:Pathognomy
4928:well-being
4844:and gender
4839:expression
4834:exhaustion
4819:detachment
4804:competence
4785:Emotional
4767:regulation
4750:perception
4745:in animals
4695:and memory
4631:Affective
4539:Worldviews
4401:melancholy
4386:Resentment
4256:Loneliness
4231:Irritation
4216:Insecurity
4206:Indulgence
4081:Excitement
4066:Enthusiasm
3999:Depression
3959:Confidence
3954:Compassion
3929:Attraction
3854:Admiration
3849:Acceptance
3781:Peter Lang
3738:(1): 21–24
3353:2023-12-07
3158:야나기 무네요시 전
2957:Oguma 2014
2752:Ch'ŏe 2008
2692:Oguma 2014
2049:2010-04-10
2017:References
1854:postmemory
1246:Korean War
1184:combined".
1126:describes
912:Propaganda
602:(factions)
415:Korean War
262:Principles
192:Ideologies
51:Wikisource
5055:appraisal
4995:sociology
4946:Emotions
4918:symbiosis
4903:reasoning
4873:isolation
4814:contagion
4799:blackmail
4725:expressed
4720:evolution
4710:and sleep
4700:and music
4635:computing
4582:Reclusion
4577:Pessimism
4552:Defeatism
4482:Suffering
4428:Sehnsucht
4371:Rejection
4322:self-pity
4297:Nostalgia
4266:limerence
4236:Isolation
4174:Hostility
4131:Happiness
4111:Gratitude
4056:Emptiness
4039:vicarious
3989:Curiosity
3964:Confusion
3904:Annoyance
3884:Amusement
3874:Agitation
3869:Affection
3864:Aesthetic
3859:Adoration
3767:190725847
3652:143962710
3586:NUS Press
3572:201722029
3542:162390716
3528:: 43–70,
3263:1043-1578
3096:Kang 2017
2902:Choi 2014
2863:Moon 2013
2345:Routledge
2110:Shim 2004
2022:Citations
1983:hwabyeong
1971:Hwabyeong
1949:cathartic
1812:Scarecrow
1657:Seokguram
1595:Criticism
809:Taegeukgi
793:Symbolism
233:Left-wing
212:Communist
47:Wikiquote
34:contains
4913:security
4893:literacy
4878:lability
4868:intimacy
4809:conflict
4789:aperture
4686:Emotion
4670:negative
4665:positive
4655:spectrum
4620:measures
4572:Optimism
4567:Nihilism
4557:Fatalism
4547:Cynicism
4492:Sympathy
4487:Surprise
4329:Pleasure
4251:Kindness
4241:Jealousy
4226:Interest
4193:Hysteria
4076:Euphoria
4019:Distrust
3969:Contempt
3949:Calmness
3841:Emotions
3828:Emotions
3367:Rhi 2004
3271:29766728
3075:Archived
2914:Lee 2011
2890:Kim 2017
2851:Yoo 1988
2839:Kim 2017
2827:Kim 2017
2812:Kim 2017
2418:Kim 2017
2403:Lee 2009
2289:Kim 2017
2274:Kim 2017
2167:Yoo 1988
2063:Kim 2017
1990:See also
1945:Hwabyung
1887:homesick
1833:scholar
1816:Avengers
1673:Proverbs
1647:—
1504:—
1409:—
690:Nodutdol
376:Sep 2018
371:May 2018
366:Apr 2018
245:Romantic
204:Ilminism
160:a series
158:Part of
5083:Italics
5046:Theory
5002:Feeling
4955:history
4940:bounded
4898:prosody
4705:and sex
4690:and art
4650:science
4606:Affect
4600:Related
4475:chronic
4450:Shyness
4410:Saudade
4396:Sadness
4391:Revenge
4381:Remorse
4312:Passion
4302:Outrage
4292:Neglect
4152:Hiraeth
4051:Empathy
4029:Ecstasy
4014:Disgust
3984:Cruelty
3979:Courage
3944:Boredom
3924:Arousal
3914:Anxiety
3899:Anguish
3377:Sources
2994:25 June
2075:Im 1997
1873:during
1782:In the
1769:", and
1750:pansori
1742:pansori
1738:pansori
1734:pansori
1726:pansori
1722:pansori
1718:pansori
1713:pansori
1506:Korean
1457:Sunjong
1411:Korean
1363:revival
1343:pansori
1339:pansori
1298:History
1176:minjung
890:Daemado
826:Taegeuk
591:Parties
340:History
5050:affect
5032:Pathos
4985:social
4829:eating
4502:Wonder
4470:Stress
4460:Sorrow
4376:Relief
4366:Regret
4354:vanity
4349:insult
4344:hubris
4199:Ikigai
4169:Horror
4145:Hatred
4004:Desire
3994:Defeat
3919:Apathy
3787:
3765:
3716:
3692:
3672:
3650:
3616:
3592:
3570:
3540:
3504:
3484:
3441:
3421:
3397:
3269:
3261:
3225:8 July
3197:4 July
3081:30 May
3050:25 May
3022:25 May
2585:20 May
2560:20 May
2480:
2443:
2388:7 July
2360:4 July
2351:
2259:20 May
2220:1 July
2192:1 July
2152:4 July
1923:, and
1900:Dictee
1786:story
1724:, and
1664:Bogwan
1624:수난의 역사
1436:) and
1059:), or
1051:Korean
845:Debate
675:Active
595:Active
491:Kim Ku
298:Dangpo
227:Dangun
81:Hangul
4975:moral
4883:labor
4735:group
4514:Worry
4497:Trust
4465:Spite
4445:Shock
4440:Shame
4334:Pride
4307:Panic
4186:Hygge
4126:Guilt
4121:Grief
4116:Greed
4086:Faith
4024:Doubt
3894:Angst
3889:Anger
3879:Agony
3763:S2CID
3648:S2CID
3634:(4),
3568:S2CID
3538:S2CID
3524:(1),
3290:MELUS
3267:JSTOR
3163:디자인정글
1862:MELUS
1804:Brawn
1549:Ko Un
1293:era."
922:South
917:North
885:Dokdo
752:Media
218:Juche
97:Hanja
4794:bias
4779:work
4361:Rage
4317:Pity
4278:Lust
4261:Love
4164:Hope
4096:Flow
4091:Fear
4071:Envy
3832:list
3785:ISBN
3714:ISBN
3690:ISBN
3670:ISBN
3614:ISBN
3590:ISBN
3502:ISBN
3482:ISBN
3439:ISBN
3419:ISBN
3395:ISBN
3259:ISSN
3227:2020
3199:2020
3171:2018
3083:2020
3052:2020
3024:2020
2996:2020
2799:2018
2587:2020
2562:2020
2550:문학동네
2525:2018
2491:2018
2478:ISBN
2454:2018
2441:ISBN
2390:2020
2362:2020
2349:ISBN
2319:Aeon
2261:2020
2222:2020
2194:2020
2154:2020
2136:한(恨)
1875:WWII
1808:Silk
1806:and
1633:meme
1432:悲哀の美
1271:and
1173:The
1062:haan
361:2007
356:2000
4246:Joy
3934:Awe
3755:doi
3640:doi
3560:doi
3530:doi
3325:doi
3298:doi
1978:han
1964:han
1960:han
1956:han
1941:han
1933:han
1927:by
1919:by
1911:by
1903:by
1839:han
1779:".
1777:Han
1775:, "
1765:, "
1757:han
1746:han
1730:han
1708:Han
1679:han
1641:han
1589:han
1585:han
1576:han
1569:han
1561:Han
1557:Han
1553:Han
1545:han
1537:Han
1533:Han
1529:han
1521:han
1517:han
1508:Han
1499:han
1486:han
1482:han
1474:Han
1465:han
1461:han
1448:."
1422:han
1413:Han
1404:han
1375:han
1371:han
1367:sic
1355:han
1348:han
1335:han
1331:han
1326:han
1322:Han
1318:han
1309:Han
1290:han
1280:han
1265:han
1261:han
1250:han
1238:Han
1234:han
1230:han
1226:han
1218:han
1214:han
1200:han
1193:han
1189:han
1181:han
1168:han
1164:han
1160:han
1147:han
1140:han
1136:han
1128:han
1120:Han
1118:, "
1112:han
1101:Han
1090:han
1078:han
1074:han
1070:han
1046:Han
286:Han
141:IPA
133:han
119:han
75:Han
5099::
3783:,
3779:,
3761:,
3751:20
3749:,
3734:,
3730:,
3712:,
3708:,
3668:,
3646:,
3632:63
3630:,
3612:,
3608:,
3584:,
3566:,
3556:41
3554:,
3536:,
3522:20
3520:,
3480:,
3476:,
3461:,
3455:,
3417:,
3413:,
3393:,
3389:,
3345:.
3321:33
3319:.
3294:33
3292:.
3288:.
3265:.
3255:20
3253:.
3217:.
3189:.
3161:.
3069:.
3041:.
3013:.
2985:.
2921:^
2882:^
2819:^
2787:.
2771:^
2634:^
2619:^
2578:.
2548:.
2533:^
2513:.
2499:^
2462:^
2425:^
2410:^
2379:.
2347:.
2343:.
2316:.
2296:^
2281:^
2250:.
2230:^
2211:.
2183:.
2139:.
2117:^
2082:^
2042:.
2030:^
1986:.
1915:,
1907:,
1864:.
1488:.
1381:.
1320:.
1142:.
162:on
3834:)
3830:(
3820:e
3813:t
3806:v
3757::
3736:1
3642::
3562::
3532::
3463:1
3356:.
3331:.
3327::
3304:.
3300::
3273:.
3229:.
3201:.
3173:.
3085:.
3054:.
3026:.
2998:.
2801:.
2589:.
2564:.
2527:.
2493:.
2456:.
2392:.
2364:.
2263:.
2224:.
2196:.
2156:.
2052:.
1307:"
1105:恨
1056:한
1049:(
1033:e
1026:t
1019:v
834:"
830:"
104:恨
88:한
61:)
57:(
53:.
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
