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Harvard from 1927 until 1929 and habilitated for political economy and statistics at the
University of Vienna in 1928 with the paper “Der Sinn der Indexzahlen”. In 1929, he began acting as a legal counsel at the Chamber of Commerce in Vienna (until 1934), while meanwhile also holding lectures as a visiting lecturer at Harvard University (1931/32). 1934-1936, he served at the
392:
for primary commodities, and
Haberler was appointed Chairman. The report found that there was a decline in the terms of trade for primary producers, since 1955 commodity prices were said to have fallen by 5%, while industrial prices rose by 6%. Haberler's report seems to echo the report written by
338:
of economics. He continued his studies in 1923 and began working as a librarian at the chamber for commerce, trade and industry in Vienna in the summer of 1924. In
November 1925 he also obtained his doctor of jurisprudence. As a post-doctoral student he studied at the Universities of London and
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401:(UNCTAD) came out in 1964, Haberler denounced it. His particular disagreement was with the idea that there was a systematic long-term (secular) decline in the terms of trade.
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and obtained his doctorate in March 1923 with the dissertation “Dogmengeschichte der
Wechselkurstheorien”. He was educated in the
291:; July 20, 1900 – May 6, 1995; until 1919 Gottfried von Haberler) was an Austrian-American economist. He worked in particular on
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Among other things, Haberler is credited with developing the theory of opportunity cost, which was pioneered by the
Englishman
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927:
Blair, Jennifer (2009). "Taking Aim at the New
International Economic Order". In Mirowski, P.; Plehwe, D. (eds.).
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822:"Transnationalism and the League of Nations: Understanding the Work of Its Economic and Financial Organisation"
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68:
57:
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668:
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1024:
783:
Baldwin, Robert E. (1982). "Gottfried
Haberler's Contributions to International Trade Theory and Policy".
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1020:
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746:"Haberler, the League of Nations, and the Quest for Consensus in Business Cycle Theory in the 1930s"
588:"Theoretical Reflections on the Trade of Socialist Countries", 1968, in Brown and Neuberger (eds.),
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After graduating from secondary school in Vienna, Haberler began studying political science at the
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The
Problem of Stagflation: Reflection on the Microfoundation of Macroeconomic Theory and Policy
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in 1949 as well as Hans Singer in 1950. However, when a second report by
Prebisch or the
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504:"The Market for Foreign Exchange and the Stability of the Balance of Payments", 1949,
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Kemp, Murray C. (2008). "Gottfried
Haberler's Principle of Comparative Advantage".
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Who's Who in Economics: A Biographical Dictionary of Major Economists 1700-1986
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The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective
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In 1936 he moved to the United States, joining the economics department at
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Prosperity and Depression: A theoretical analysis of cyclical movements
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581:"Monetary and Fiscal Policy for Economic Stability and Growth", 1967,
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553:"Integration and Growth of the World Economy in perspective", 1964,
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In 1971, Haberler left Harvard to become a resident scholar at the
518:"Some Problems in the Pure Theory of International Trade", 1950,
977:"Gottfried Haberler, Resolute Free Market Economist, Dies at 94"
931:. Cambridge/London: Harvard University Press. pp. 347–385.
1006:
997:
887:"Economist Gottfried Haberler, A Defender of Free Trade, Dies"
863:
Quiggin, J. (2015, May 26). Opportunity Cost: A Fabian Idea?
608:
Two Essays on the Future of the International Monetary Order
820:
Patricia Clavin and Jens-Wilhelm Wessels (November 2005),
497:"The General Theory After Ten Years", in Harris (ed.),
295:. One of his major contributions was reformulating the
2424:
Deaths from Parkinson's disease in the United States
744:Boianovsky, Mauro; Trautwein, Hans-Michael (2006).
743:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
674:(2nd ed.). Wheatsheaf Books Limited. p.
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399:United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
729:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
455:"Money and the Business Cycle", in Wright (ed.),
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711:. London: Macmillan Palgrave. pp. 812–813.
2444:Presidents of the American Economic Association
2419:Neurological disease deaths in Washington, D.C.
1547:Presidents of the American Economic Association
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494:, 1937. (this is the 3rd edition pub. in 1946)
441:"Irving Fisher's 'Theory of Interest'", 1931,
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948:International Trade Theory: A Critical Review
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476:"Mr Keynes' Theory of the Multiplier", 1936,
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1023:(in German) from the online-archive of the
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546:"Sixteen Years Later", in Lekachman (ed.),
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832:(4), Cambridge University Press: 465–492,
614:The World Economy and the Great Depression
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
709:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics
707:. In Durlauf, S.N.; Blume, L.E. (eds.).
590:International Trade and Central Planning
2449:Austrian emigrants to the United States
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27:Austrian-American economist (1900–1995)
14:
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386:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
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950:. London: Routledge. pp. 16–24.
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666:, ed. (1986). "HABERLER, Gottfried".
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1012:Works by or about Gottfried Haberler
998:Biography of Haberler from mises.org
945:
532:"The Pigou Effect Once More", 1952,
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
419:(1851–1926) further developed it.
341:Economic and Financial Organization
24:
2454:Member of the Mont Pelerin Society
2439:Fellows of the Econometric Society
1355:International Economic Association
1307:List of Austrian-school economists
920:
568:Money in the International Economy
514:10.1111/j.1467-6435.1949.tb00692.x
379:International Economic Association
25:
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705:"Haberler, Gottfried (1900–1995)"
470:The Theory of International Trade
2404:20th-century American economists
366:Haberler's two major works were
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1312:The Use of Knowledge in Society
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575:Inflation: Its causes and cures
457:Gold and Monetary Stabilization
45:needs additional citations for
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874:Theory of International Trade
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717:10.1007/978-1-349-58802-2_693
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602:Economic Growth and Stability
415:(1806–1873) and the Austrian
406:American Enterprise Institute
388:commissioned a report on the
368:Theory of International Trade
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750:History of Political Economy
626:Essays of Gottfried Haberler
596:Incomes Policy and Inflation
354:. There he worked alongside
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1025:Österreichischen Mediathek
632:The Liberal Economic Order
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838:10.1017/S0960777305002729
463:Der Internationale Handel
372:Prosperity and Depression
362:Academic Career and Views
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652:de:Adelsaufhebungsgesetz
436:Der Sinn der Indexzahlen
377:He was President of the
2127:Charles P. Kindleberger
1865:Emanuel A. Goldenweiser
548:Keynes's General Theory
198:International economics
2434:Libertarian economists
2032:John Kenneth Galbraith
719:(inactive 2024-09-23).
703:Chipman, J.S. (2008).
305:neoclassical framework
2409:American libertarians
1130:Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk
1092:French liberal school
872:Haberler, G. (1968).
634:, (ed. A. Koo), 1993.
438:, 192 (habilitation).
323:Haberler was born in
309:labor theory of value
301:comparative advantage
2085:Tjalling C. Koopmans
1698:Herbert J. Davenport
1608:Edwin R. A. Seligman
1221:Jesús Huerta de Soto
1150:Friedrich von Wieser
417:Friedrich von Wieser
332:University of Vienna
268:Friedrich von Wieser
230:University of Vienna
69:"Gottfried Haberler"
54:improve this article
2300:Christopher A. Sims
2199:Arnold C. Harberger
2163:Thomas C. Schelling
2121:Charles L. Schultze
2008:Kenneth E. Boulding
1960:Theodore W. Schultz
1450:Anthony B. Atkinson
1251:William H. Peterson
1114:School of Salamanca
1107:Gustave de Molinari
1087:Classical economics
891:The Washington Post
628:(ed. A. Koo), 1985.
424:Parkinson's disease
422:Haberler died from
293:international trade
2014:William J. Fellner
1990:Joseph J. Spengler
1978:Gottfried Haberler
1948:George W. Stocking
1942:Morris A. Copeland
1829:Frederick C. Mills
1769:Matthew B. Hammond
1722:Wesley C. Mitchell
1704:Jacob H. Hollander
1492:Joseph E. Stiglitz
1372:Gottfried Haberler
1353:Presidents of the
1211:Hans-Hermann Hoppe
1196:Gottfried Haberler
1159:Other contributors
1021:Gottfried Haberler
981:The New York Times
485:10.1007/BF01316189
352:Harvard University
288:[ˈhaːbɐlɐ]
280:Gottfried Haberler
208:Harvard University
136:Gottfried Haberler
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2336:Olivier Blanchard
2324:Robert J. Shiller
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2270:Thomas J. Sargent
2217:Dale W. Jorgenson
2151:Joseph A. Pechman
2103:William J. Baumol
2073:Lawrence R. Klein
2067:Franco Modigliani
1984:George J. Stigler
1966:Paul A. Samuelson
1877:Joseph Schumpeter
1787:William Z. Ripley
1781:George E. Barnett
1745:Edwin W. Kemmerer
1668:Walter F. Willcox
1620:Jeremiah W. Jenks
1567:Charles F. Dunbar
1561:Francis A. Walker
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1432:Víctor L. Urquidi
1402:Paul A. Samuelson
1396:Giuseppe Ugo Papi
1390:E. A. G. Robinson
1366:Joseph Schumpeter
1320:
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1102:Jean-Baptiste Say
957:978-1-134-07319-1
938:978-0-674-03318-4
685:978-0-7450-0230-9
499:The New Economics
356:Joseph Schumpeter
345:League of Nations
307:, abandoning the
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2038:Kenneth J. Arrow
2020:Wassily Leontief
1918:Calvin B. Hoover
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2002:Milton Friedman
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1859:I. Leo Sharfman
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390:terms of trade
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360:
320:
317:
275:
274:
271:
270:
265:
261:
260:
255:
249:
248:
239:
233:
232:
227:
223:
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217:
214:School or
211:
210:
205:
201:
200:
195:
191:
190:
186:
185:
182:
181:
176:
174:(aged 94)
168:
164:
163:
154:
143:
139:
138:
135:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2466:
2455:
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2410:
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2397:
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2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2330:Alvin E. Roth
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2276:Avinash Dixit
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2246:Peter Diamond
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2234:Sherwin Rosen
2232:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2175:Zvi Griliches
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2157:Gérard Debreu
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2145:Robert Eisner
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1996:Fritz Machlup
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1930:John D. Black
1928:
1925:
1924:Simon Kuznets
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
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1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1799:John M. Clark
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1716:Carl C. Plehn
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1686:Irving Fisher
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1614:F. W. Taussig
1612:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1573:John B. Clark
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1486:Masahiko Aoki
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1462:Jacques Drèze
1460:
1457:
1456:Michael Bruno
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:Kenneth Arrow
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1426:Shigeto Tsuru
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:Fritz Machlup
1412:
1409:
1408:Erik Lundberg
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1246:Robert Murphy
1244:
1242:
1241:Fritz Machlup
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:Henry Hazlitt
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1176:Peter Boettke
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1001:
999:
993:
982:
978:
974:
970:
969:
959:
953:
949:
944:
940:
934:
930:
925:
924:
913:
908:
892:
888:
882:
875:
869:
860:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
816:
808:
804:
800:
796:
793:(1): 141–48.
792:
788:
787:
779:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
740:
732:
726:
718:
714:
710:
706:
699:
691:
687:
681:
677:
672:
671:
665:
659:
653:
648:
644:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
587:
584:
580:
577:
576:
572:
569:
566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
549:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
500:
496:
493:
492:
488:
486:
482:
479:
475:
472:
471:
467:
464:
461:
458:
454:
452:
448:
444:
440:
437:
434:
433:
427:
425:
420:
418:
414:
409:
407:
402:
400:
396:
395:Raúl Prebisch
391:
387:
382:
381:(1950–1953).
380:
375:
373:
369:
359:
357:
353:
348:
346:
342:
337:
333:
328:
326:
316:
314:
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306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
281:
272:
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243:
240:
234:
231:
228:
224:
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218:
212:
209:
206:
202:
199:
196:
192:
187:
183:
179:
169:
165:
161:
157:
152:July 20, 1900
144:
140:
133:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2372:Janet Currie
2348:Janet Yellen
2342:Ben Bernanke
2282:Angus Deaton
2227:2001–present
1977:
1889:Frank Knight
1871:Paul Douglas
1817:Alvin Hansen
1763:Edwin F. Gay
1662:John H. Gray
1656:David Kinley
1504:Kaushik Basu
1474:János Kornai
1384:Erik Lindahl
1371:
1286:Mark Skousen
1236:Peter Leeson
1206:Robert Higgs
1195:
1186:Frank Fetter
1171:Walter Block
1034:
1030:univie.ac.at
995:(in English)
984:. Retrieved
980:
947:
928:
907:
895:. Retrieved
893:. 9 May 1995
890:
881:
873:
868:
859:
849:, retrieved
829:
825:
815:
790:
784:
778:
756:(1): 45–89.
753:
749:
739:
708:
698:
688:– via
669:
658:
647:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
589:
582:
574:
567:
554:
547:
533:
519:
505:
498:
490:
477:
469:
462:
456:
442:
435:
421:
410:
403:
384:In 1957 the
383:
376:
371:
367:
365:
349:
347:in Geneva.
329:
322:
279:
278:
242:Othmar Spann
172:(1995-05-06)
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2399:1995 deaths
2394:1900 births
2366:Susan Athey
2288:Robert Hall
2181:Amartya Sen
2026:James Tobin
1823:Jacob Viner
1500:(2014–2017)
1494:(2011–2014)
1488:(2008–2011)
1482:(2005–2008)
1476:(2002–2005)
1470:(1999–2002)
1464:(1995–1999)
1458:(1992–1995)
1452:(1989–1992)
1446:(1986–1989)
1444:Amartya Sen
1440:(1983–1986)
1434:(1980–1983)
1428:(1977–1980)
1422:(1974–1977)
1416:(1971–1974)
1410:(1968–1971)
1404:(1965–1968)
1398:(1962–1965)
1392:(1959–1962)
1386:(1956–1959)
1380:(1953–1956)
1374:(1950–1953)
1140:Carl Menger
1003:Appearances
986:8 September
664:Blaug, Mark
583:Il Politico
430:Major works
370:(1936) and
204:Institution
170:May 6, 1995
156:Purkersdorf
2388:Categories
2354:David Card
1498:Tim Besley
1261:Larry Reed
1080:Influences
851:2023-12-20
639:References
327:in 1900.
319:Early life
264:Influences
148:1900-07-20
110:April 2014
80:newspapers
2060:1976–2000
1899:1951–1975
1738:1926–1950
1601:1901–1925
1554:1886–1900
1074:economics
770:0018-2702
725:cite book
426:in 1995.
315:concept.
297:Ricardian
216:tradition
1300:See also
1123:Founders
846:20081280
374:(1937).
299:idea of
254:students
252:Doctoral
236:Doctoral
18:Haberler
1506:(2017–)
1014:at the
897:May 14,
807:1882631
622:, 1985.
616:, 1976.
610:, 1974.
604:, 1974.
598:, 1971.
578:, 1960.
570:, 1965.
563:1810895
550:, 1963.
542:1826454
528:2227052
501:, 1947.
473:, 1936.
465:, 1933.
343:of the
311:for an
284:German:
238:advisor
94:scholar
2374:(2024)
2368:(2023)
2362:(2022)
2356:(2021)
2350:(2020)
2344:(2019)
2338:(2018)
2332:(2017)
2326:(2016)
2320:(2015)
2314:(2014)
2308:(2013)
2302:(2012)
2296:(2011)
2290:(2010)
2284:(2009)
2278:(2008)
2272:(2007)
2266:(2006)
2260:(2005)
2254:(2004)
2248:(2003)
2242:(2002)
2236:(2001)
2219:(2000)
2213:(1999)
2207:(1998)
2201:(1997)
2195:(1996)
2189:(1995)
2183:(1994)
2177:(1993)
2171:(1992)
2165:(1991)
2159:(1990)
2153:(1989)
2147:(1988)
2141:(1987)
2135:(1986)
2129:(1985)
2123:(1984)
2117:(1983)
2111:(1982)
2105:(1981)
2099:(1980)
2093:(1979)
2087:(1978)
2081:(1978)
2075:(1977)
2069:(1976)
2052:(1975)
2046:(1974)
2040:(1973)
2034:(1972)
2028:(1971)
2022:(1970)
2016:(1969)
2010:(1968)
2004:(1967)
1998:(1966)
1992:(1965)
1986:(1964)
1980:(1963)
1974:(1962)
1968:(1961)
1962:(1960)
1956:(1959)
1950:(1958)
1944:(1957)
1938:(1956)
1932:(1955)
1926:(1954)
1920:(1953)
1914:(1952)
1908:(1951)
1891:(1950)
1885:(1949)
1879:(1948)
1873:(1947)
1867:(1946)
1861:(1945)
1855:(1944)
1849:(1943)
1843:(1942)
1837:(1941)
1831:(1940)
1825:(1939)
1819:(1938)
1813:(1937)
1807:(1936)
1801:(1935)
1795:(1934)
1789:(1933)
1783:(1932)
1777:(1931)
1771:(1930)
1765:(1929)
1759:(1928)
1753:(1927)
1747:(1926)
1730:(1925)
1724:(1924)
1718:(1923)
1712:(1922)
1706:(1921)
1700:(1920)
1694:(1919)
1688:(1918)
1682:(1917)
1676:(1916)
1670:(1915)
1664:(1914)
1658:(1913)
1652:(1912)
1646:(1911)
1640:(1910)
1634:(1909)
1628:(1908)
1622:(1906)
1616:(1904)
1610:(1902)
1593:(1900)
1587:(1898)
1581:(1896)
1575:(1894)
1569:(1893)
1563:(1886)
1368:(1950)
1007:C-SPAN
954:
935:
844:
805:
768:
682:
678:-352.
561:
540:
526:
506:Kyklos
459:, 1932
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
842:JSTOR
803:JSTOR
559:JSTOR
538:JSTOR
524:JSTOR
303:in a
194:Field
101:JSTOR
87:books
988:2023
952:ISBN
933:ISBN
899:2020
766:ISSN
731:link
680:ISBN
167:Died
142:Born
73:news
1005:on
834:doi
795:doi
758:doi
713:doi
676:351
555:AER
534:JPE
510:doi
481:doi
478:ZfN
447:doi
443:QJE
56:by
2390::
1035:CV
1032::
979:.
912:CV
889:.
876:.
840:,
830:14
828:,
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801:.
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282:(
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117:(
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108:(
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